Sustained improvements in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT) 6 months after termination of Cerebrolysin therapy

Journal of Neural Transmission

Volumn 107, Issue 7, 2000, Pages 815-829

  Ruther E ^a   Ritter, R ^e   Apecechea, M ^b   Freytag, S ^b   Gmeinbauer, R ^c   Windisch, M ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^b KFM Clinical Research Inc   (Germany)

^c Research Initiative Ebewe   (Austria)

^d JSW Life Sciences GmbH   (Austria)

^e NONE

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Cerebrolysin; Disease progression; Neurotrophic therapy

Indexed keywords

CEREBROLYSIN; NOOTROPIC AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TIME; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WELLBEING;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMINO ACIDS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NOOTROPIC AGENTS; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; TRAIL MAKING TEST;

EID: 0033911108     PISSN: 03009564     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s007020070061     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Akai F, Hiruma S, Sato T, Iwamoto N, Fujimoto M, Ioku M, Hashimoto S (1992) Neurotrophic factor-like effect of FPF1070 on septal cholinergic neurons after transections of fimbria-fornix in the rat brain. Histol Histopathol 7: 213-221
2. Anand R, Gharabawi G, Enz A (1996) Efficacy and safety results of the early phase studies with ExelonTM (ENA-713) in Alzheimer's disease: an overview. J Drug Dev Clin Pract 8: 109-116
3. Biesenbach G, Grafinger P, Eichbauer-Sturm G, Zazgornik J (1997) Cerebrolysin in der Behandlung der schmerzhaften diabetischen Neuropathie. Wien Med Wochenschr 147: 63-66
4. Boado RJ, Wu D, Windisch M (1999) In vivo upregulation of the blood-brain barrier GLUT1 glucose transporter by brain-derived peptides. Neurosci Res 34: 217-224
5. Breitner JCS (1996) The role of anti-inflammatory drugs in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Annu Rev Med 47: 401-411
6. Bush TL, Miller SR, Criqui MN (1994) Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in older population: an epidemiological approach. In: Hazzard WR, Bierman EL, Blass JP (eds) Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology. McGraw Hill, New York, pp 153-166
7. Croisile B, Trillet M, Vondarai J, Laurenz B, Mauguiere F, Billarton M (1993) Long-term and highdose Piracetam treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 43: 301-305
8. Davis L, Kennet H, Thal LJ et al. (1992) A double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study of tacrine for Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 327: 1253-1259
9. Doody RS (1999) Clinical profile of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Gerontology 45 [Suppl]: 123-132
10. Eagger SA, Levy R, Sahakian BJ (1991) Tacrine in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neurol Scand 33: 775-780
11. Evans D (1990) Estimated prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the United States. Milbank Q 68: 267
12. Farlow MR, Evans RM (1998) Pharmacologic treatment of cognition in Alzheimer's dementia. Neurology 51 [Suppl 1]: S36-S44
13. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHuge BR (1975) Mini Mental State. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12: 1989-1998
14. Francis-Turner L, Valouskova V (1996) Nerve growth factor and nootropic drug Cerebrolysin but not fibroblast growth factor can reduce spatial memory impairment elicited by fimbria-fornix transection: short-term study. Neurosci Lett 202: 1-4
15. Freedman M et al. (1998) L-deprenyl in Alzheimer's disease: cognitive and behavioral effects. Neurology 50: 660-668
16. Gschanes A, Windisch M (1998) The influence of Cerebrolysin and E021 on spatial navigation of 24-month-old rats. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 53: 313-321
17. Gschanes A, Valouskova V, Windisch M (1997) Ameliorative influence of a nootropic drug on motor activity of rats after bilateral carotid artery occlusion. J Neural Transm 104: 1319-1327
18. Gutzmann H, Hadler D (1998) Sustained efficacy and safety of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: update on a 2-year double-blind multicentre study. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 54: 301-310
19. Hachinski VC, Iliffe LD, Zilhka E, du Boulay GH, McAllister VL, Marshall J, Brussel RR, Symon L (1975) Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Arch Neurol 32: 632-637
20. Hebenstreit GF (1986) Die Wirkung eines Aminosäure-Peptid-Extraktes bei zerebralen Funktionsstörungen in der Gerontopsychiatrie. Neuropsychiatrie 1: 38-44
21. Hefti F (1999) Nerve growth factor treatment for Alzheimer's disease: the experience of the first attempt at intracerebral neurotrophic factor therapy. In: Hefti F (ed) Neurotrophic factors. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 175-187
22. Hutter-Paier B, Grygar E, Windisch M (1996a) Death of cultured telecephalon neurons induced by glutamate is reduced by the peptide derivative Cerebrolysin. J Neural Transm 47: 267-273
23. Hutter-Paier B, Frühwirth M, Grygar E, Windisch M (1996b) Cerebrolysin protects neurons from ischemia-induced loss of microtubule-associated protein 2. J Neural Transm 47: 276
24. Hutter-Paier B, Grygar E, Frühwirth M, Temmel I, Windisch M (1998a) Further evidence that Cerebrolysin protects cortical neurons from neurodegeneration in vitro. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 53: 363-372
25. Hutter-Paier B, Steiner E, Windisch M (1998b) Cerebrolysin protects isolated cortical neurons from neurodegeneration after brief histotoxic hypoxia. J Neural Transm [Suppl] 53: 351-361
26. Ibanez CF, Illag LL, Murray-Rust J, Persson H (1993) An extended surface of binding to Trk tyrosine kinase receptors in NGF and BDNF allows the engineering of a multi-functional pan-neurotrophin. EMBO J 12/6: 2281-2293
27. Jönhagen ME et al. (1998) Intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor in three patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 9: 246-257
28. Johansson B, Meyersson B (1988) A physiological role of NGF in the brain? Neuroendocrinol Lett 10: 42-45
29. Kawas C et al. (1997) A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Neurology 48: 1517-1521
30. Keefover RW (1996) The clinical epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroepidemiology 14: 337-351
31. Knapp MJ, Knopman DS, Solomon PR, Bendlebury WW et al. (1994) A thirty-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Am Med Assoc 271: 985
32. Kofler B, Erhart C, Erhart P, Harrer G (1989) Zur therapeutischen Wirksamkeit von Cerebrolysin. Psychotherapie 15: 29-33
33. Kofler B, Erhart C, Erhart P, Harrer G (1990) A multidementional approach in testing nootropic drug effects (Cerebrolysin). Arch Gerontol Geriatr 10: 129-140
34. Koppi St, Barolin GS (1996) Hämodilutionstherapie mit nervenzellstoffwechsel-aktiver Therapie beim ischämischen Insult - ermutigende Resultate einer Vergleichsstudie. Wien Med Wochenschr 146: 41-48
35. Lapchak AP (1993) Nerve growth factor pharmacology: application to the treatment of cholinergic neurodegernation in Alzheimer's disease. Exp Neurol 12: 416-420
36. Lombardi VRM, Windisch M, Garcia M, Cacabelos R (1999) Effects of Cerebrolysin on in vitro primary microglial and astrocyte rat cell cultures. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 21(5): 331-338
37. McBee WL, Dailey ME, Dugan E, Shumaker SA (1997) Hormone replacement therapy and other potential treatments for dementias. Menopause and Hormone replacement therapy 26(2): 329-345
38. Marcusson J et al. (1997) A 12-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of propentofylline (HWA 285) in patients with dementia according to DSM III-R. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 8: 320-328
39. Masliah E, Armasolo F, Veinbergs I, Mallory M, Samuel W (1999) Cerebrolysin ameliorates performance deficits, and neuronal damage in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 62(2): 239-245
40. Maurer K, Ihl R, Dierks T, Frölich L (1998) Clinical efficacy of Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Phytomedicine 5(6): 417-424
41. Mooradian AD, Chung HC, Shah GN (1997) GLUT-1 expression in the cerebra of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 18: 469-474
42. Nordberg A et al. (1997) Responders and non-responders to tacrine, ondansetron and NGF treatment in Alzheimer patients as evaluated by positron emission tomography and APOE genotype. In: Iqbal K, Winblad B, Nishimura T, Takeda M, Wisniewski HM (eds) Alzheimer's disease: biology, diagnosis and therapeutics. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp 647-653
43. Olson L (1993) NGF and the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Neurol 124: 5-15
44. Olson L, Nordberg A, von Holst H, Bäckman L, Ebendal T, Alatuzoff I, Amberla K, Hartvig P, Herlitz A, Lilja A, Lundqvist H, Langström B, Meyerson B, Persson A, Viitanen M, Wimblad B, Seiger A (1992) Nerve growth factor affects 11C-nicotine binding, blood flow, EEG, and verbal episodic memory in an Alzheimer patient (Case report). J Neural Transm 4: 79
45. Oswald WD, Fleischmann UM (1986) Nürnberger Altersinventar. NAI, Erlangen
46. Patel SV (1995) Pharmacotherapy of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease: a review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 8/2: 81-95
47. Piswanger A, Paier B, Windisch M (1990) Modulation of protein synthesis in a cell-free system from rat brain by Cerebrolysin during development and aging. Amino Acids 1:651-657
48. Rainer M, Brunnbauer M, Dunky A, Ender F, Goldsteiner H, Holl O, Kotlan P, Paulitsch G, Reiner C, Stössl J, Zachhuber C, Mössler H (1997) Therapeutic results with Cerebrolysin in the treatment of dementia. Wien Med Wochenschr 147: 426-431
49. Reinprecht I, Gschanes A, Windisch M, Fachbach G (1999) Two peptidergic drugs increase the synaptophysin immunoreactivity in brains of 24-month-old rats. Histochem J 31:395-401
50. Reisberg B, Ferris SH, de Leon MJ, Crook T (1982) The global deterioration scale (GDS): an instrument for the assessment of primary degenerative dementia (PDD). Am J Psychiatry 139: 1136-1139
51. Reisberg B, Ferris SH, de Leon MJ (1991) The stage specific temporal course of Alzheimer's disease: functional and behavioral concomitants based upon cross-sectional and longitudinal observation. In: Iqbal K, Wisniewski HM, Winblad B (eds) Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. Alan R Liss, New York, pp 23-41
52. Rogers SL et al. (1998) A 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 50: 136-145
53. Rösler M et al. (1999) Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: international randomised controlled trial. BMJ 318: 633-638
54. Rother M, Erkinjuntti T, Roessner M, Kittner B, Marcusson J, Karlsson I (1998) Propentofylline in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a review of phase III trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 9 [Suppl]: 136-143
55. Rüther E, Ritter R, Apecechea M, Freytag S, Windisch M (1994) Efficacy of the peptidergic nootropic drug Cerebrolysin in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT). Pharmacopsychiatry 27: 32-40
56. Sano M et al. (1996) Rationale and design of a multicenter study of selegiline and alpha-tocopherol in the treatment of Alzheimer disease using novel clinical outcomes. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 10(3): 132-140
57. Sano M et al. (1997) A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 336: 1216-1222
58. Satou T, Imano M, Akai F, Hashimoto S, Itoh T, Fujimoto M (1993) Morphological observation of effects of Cerebrolysin on cultured neural cells. Adv Biosci 87: 195-196
59. Satou T, Itoh T, Fujimoto M, Hashimoto S (1994) Neurotrophic-like effects of FPF-1070 on cultured neurons from chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia. Jpn Pharmacol Ther 22: 1835-1836
60. Seiger A et al. (1993) Intracranial infusion of purified nerve growth factor to an Alzheimer patient: the first attempt of a possible future treatment strategy. Behav Brain Res 57: 255-261
61. Shimazu S, Tachikawa N, Iwamoto D, Ito T, Komatsu S, Fujimoto M (1992) The neurotrophic and brain protein effect of Cerebrolysin. Neurobiol Aging 13: 107-113
62. Shintani EY, Uchida KM (1997) Donepezil: an anticholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Health Syst Pharm 54: 2805-2810
63. Skaper SD, Walsh FS (1998) Neurotrophic molecules: strategies for designing effective therapeutic molecules in neurodegeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci 12: 179-193
64. Sofroniew MV (1996) Nerve growth factor, ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res 2: 7-14
65. Suchanek-Fröhlich H, Wunderlich E (1986) Über die Wirksamkeit eines Aminosäure-Peptid-Extraktes - Randomisierte Doppelblind-Placebo-Vergleichsstudie. Neuropsychiatrie 1: 45-48
66. Svennerholm L (1994) Gangliosides - a new therapeutic agent against stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 55: 2125-2134
67. Taylor P (1998) Development of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 51 [Suppl 1]: S30-S35
68. Thoenen H, Bandtlow CH, Heumann R (1987) The physiological function of nerve growth factor in the central nervous system: comparison with the periphery. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 109: 145-178
69. Valouskova V, Francis-Turner L (1998) Can Cerebrolysin influence chronic deterioration of spatial learning and memory? J Neural Transm [Suppl] 53: 343-349
70. Vereshchagin NV, Lebedeva NV, Suslina ZA, Solovyov OI, Priadov MA, Altunina MN (1991) Mild forms of multiinfarct dementia: effectiveness of Cerebrolysin. Sovjetskaja medizina Moskau 11: 6-8
71. Wessel K (1993) MAO-B Inhibitors in neurological disorders with special reference to selegiline. In: Szelenyi I (eds) Inhibitors of monoamin oxidase B: pharmacology and clinical use in neurodegenerative disorders. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 265-275
72. Wilcock G, Wilkinson D (1997) Galanthamine hydrobromide: interim results of a group comparative, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety in patients with a diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. In: Iqbal K, Winblad B, Nishimura T, Takeda M, Wisniewski HM (eds) Alzheimer's disease: biology, diagnosis and therapeutics. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp 661-664
73. Williams BR (1999) Metrifonate: a new agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Am J Health Syst Pharm 56: 427-432
74. Windisch M, Piswanger A (1985) Entwicklungs-und alterungsbedingte Änderung des Sauerstoffverbrauchs von Ratten-Hirnhomogenaten: In-vitro-Effekte eines Peptid-Derivates. Drug Res 35(II): 1225-1227
75. Windisch M, Gschanes A, Crailsheim K, Valouskova V (1993) The effects of different growth factors in rats after lesions of the somatosensory cortex. Eur J Neurosci 6: 542
76. Windisch M, Gschanes A, Hutter-Paier B (1998) Neurotrophic activities and therapeutic experience with a brain derived peptide preparation. J Neural Transm 53: 289-298
77. Younkin SG (1998) The role of A beta 42 in Alzheimer's disease. J Physiol Paris 92: 289-292
78. von Zerssen D, Möller HJ (1980) Psychopathometrische Verfahren in der psychiatrischen Therapieforschung. In: Bifang S (Hrsg) Evaluations-Forschung in der Psychiatrie: Fragestellung und Methoden. Enke, Stuttgart