The clinical epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease

Neurologic Clinics

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 337-351

  Keefover, R W ^a  

^a WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; APOLIPOPROTEIN E;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; NEUROPATHOLOGY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0029938497     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0733-8619(05)70260-7     Document Type: Article

References (194)

1. M.S. Albert N. Butters J. Levin Patterns of remote memory in amnestic and demented patients Arch Neurol 38 1981 495
2. L.A. Amaducci L. Fratiglioni W.A. Rocca Risk factors for clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD): A case-control study of an Italian population Neurology 36 1986 922
3. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, (revised) ed 3 1986 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
4. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ed 4 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
5. P. Amouyel O. Vidal J.M. Launay The apolipoprotein E alleles as major susceptibility factors for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: The French Research Group on Epidemiology of Human Spongiform Encephalopathies Lancet 344 1994 1315
6. S.E. Arnold B.T. Hyman J. Flory The topographical and neuroanatomical distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease Cereb Cortex 1 1991 103
7. D.L. Bachman P.A. Wolf R.T. Linn Incidence of dementia and probable Alzheimer's disease in a general population: The Framingham Study Neurology 43 1993 515
8. C.G. Ballard G. Cassidy C. Bannister Prevalence, symptom profile, and aetiology of depression in dementia sufferers J Affect Disord 29 1993 1
9. C.M. Beard E. Kokmen K.P. Offord Lack of association between Alzheimer's disease and education, occupation, marital status, or living arrangement Neurology 42 1992 2063
10. W.W. Beatty D.P. Salmon N. Butters Retrograde amnesia in patients with Alzheimer's disease or Huntington's disease Neurobiol Aging 9 1988 181
11. L. Berg W.L. Danzinger M. Storandt Predictive features in mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer type Neurology 34 1984 563
12. P.C. Berger F.S. Vogel The development of the pathologic changes of Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia in patients with Down's syndrome Am J Pathol 73 1973 457
13. N.E. Bharucha B.S. Schoenberg E. Kokman Dementia of the Alzheimer's type: A case-control study of association with medical conditions and surgical procedures Neurology (NY) 33 suppl 1983 85
14. G. Binetti A. Bianchetti A. Padovani Delusions in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia Acta Neurol Scand 88 1993 5
15. T.D. Bird E.J. Nemens W.A. Kukull Conjugal Alzheimer's disease: Is there an increased risk in offspring? Ann Neurol 34 1993 396
16. F. Boller J.T. Becker A. Holland Predictors of decline in Alzheimer's disease Cortex 27 1991 9
17. L. Bracco R. Gallato F. Grigoletto Factors affecting course and survival in Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 51 1994 1213
18. D.E. Brenner W.A. Kukull A. Stergachis Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: A population-based case-control study Am J Epidemiol 140 1994 262
19. M.B. Breteler J.J. Claus van Duijn C.M. Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease Epidemiol Rev 14 1992 59
20. G.A. Broe A.S. Henderson H. Creasy A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease in Australia Neurology 40 1990 1698
21. T. Brousseau S. Legrain C. Berr Confirmation of the epsilon 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene as a risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease Neurology 44 1994 342
22. A. Burns R. Jacoby R. Levy Progression of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease J Am Geriatr Soc 39 1991 34
23. A. Burns R. Jacoby R. Levy Psychiatric phenomena in Alzheimer's disease. I: Disorders of thought content Br J Psychiatry 157 1990 72
24. A. Burns R. Jacoby R. Levy Psychiatric phenomena in Alzheimer's disease. II: Disorders of perception Br J Psychiatry 157 1990 76
25. A. Burns R. Jacoby R. Levy Psychiatric phenomena in Alzheimer's disease. III: Disorders of mood Br J Psychiatry 157 1990 81
26. A. Burns R. Jacoby R. Levy Psychiatric phenomena in Alzheimer's disease. IV: Disorders of behaviour Br J Psychiatry 157 1990 86
27. A. Burns P. Luthert R. Levy Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease BMJ 301 1990 1026
28. R.N. Butler ApoE: New risk factor for Alzheimer's [editorial] Geriatrics 49 1994 10
29. J.M. Candy R.H. Klinowski E.K. Perry Aluminosilicates and senile plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease Lancet 1 1986 354
30. V. Chandra V. Philipose P.A. Bell Case-control study of late onset “probable Alzheimer's disease” Neurology 37 1987 1295
31. Chartier-Harlin M.-C. M. Parfitt S. Legrain Apolipoprotein E, ∈4 as a major risk factor for sporadic early and late-onset forms of Alzheimer's disease: Analysis of the 19q13.2 chromosomal region Hum Mol Genet 3 1994 569
32. H.C. Chui S.A. Lyness E. Sobel Extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms predict faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 51 1994 676
33. D. Cohen C. Eisdorfer J. Leverenz Alzheimer's disease and maternal age J Am Geriatr Soc 30 1982 656
34. R.H. Cook B.E. Bard J.H. Austin Studies in aging of the brain. IV, Familial Alzheimer disease: Relation to transmissible dementia, aneuploidy, and microtubular defects Neurology 29 1979 1403
35. J.K. Cooper D. Mungas P.G. Weiler Relation of cognitive status and abnormal behaviors in Alzheimer's disease J Am Geriatr Soc 38 1990 867
36. J.R. Copeland I.A. Davidson M.E. Dewey Alzheimer's disease, other dementias, depression and pseudodementia: Prevalence, incidence and three-year outcome in Liverpool Br J Psychiatry 161 1992 230
37. E.H. Corder A.M. Saunders W.J. Strittmatter Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families Science 261 1993 921
38. J. Corey-Bloom D. Galasko C.R. Hofstetter Clinical features distinguishing large cohorts with possible AD, probable AD, and mixed dementia J Am Geriatr Soc 41 1993 31
39. S. Corkin J.M. Growdon S.L. Rasmussen Parental age as a risk factor in Alzheimer's disease Ann Neurol 13 1983 674
40. A.C. Coyne W.E. Reichman L.J. Berbig The relationship between dementia and elder abuse Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 643
41. J.L. Cummings D.F. Benson Dementia: A Clinical Approach 1992 Butterworth–Heinemann Boston 51 53
42. X.Y. Dai S. Nanko M. Hattori Association of apolipoprotein ∈4 with sporadic Alzheimer's disease is more pronounced in early onset type Neurosci Lett 175 1994 74
43. L.H. Deutsch F.W. Bylsma B.W. Rovner Psychosis and physical aggression in probable Alzheimer's disease Am J Psychiatry 148 1991 1159
44. D.P. Devanand C.D. Brockington B.J. Moody Behavioral syndromes in Alzheimer's disease Int Psychogeriatr 4 1992 161
45. H.F.A. Diesfeldt van Houten L.R. R.M. Moerkens Duration and survival in senile dementia Acta Psychiatr Scand 73 1986 366
46. W.C. Drevets E.H. Rubin Psychotic symptoms and the longitudinal course of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type Biol Psychiatry 25 1989 39
47. J.A. Edwardson J. Klinowski A.E. Oakley Aluminosilicates and the aging brain: Implications for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease Ciba Foundation Symposium 121 1986 160
48. D. English D. Cohen A case-control study of maternal age in Alzheimer's disease J Am Geriatr Soc 33 1985 167
49. R.L. Ernst J.W. Hay The US economic and social costs of Alzheimer's disease revisited Am J Public Health 84 1994 1261
50. D.A. Evans H. Funkenstein M.S. Albert Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in a community population of older persons JAMA 262 1989 2551
51. L.A. Farrer L.A. Cupples L. Connor Association of decreased paternal age and late-onset Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 48 1991 599
52. L. Ferini-Strambi S. Smirne P. Garancini Clinical and epidemiological aspects of Alzheimer's disease with presenile onset: A case control study Neuroepidemiology 9 1990 39
53. T.P. Flaten Geographical associations between aluminum in drinking water and registered death rates with dementia (including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in Norway Geochemical Environment in Relation to Health and Disease 12 1990 152
54. H. Forstl C. Besthorn C. Geiger-Kabisch Psychotic features and the course of Alzheimer's disease: Relationship to cognitive, electroencephalographic and computerized tomography findings Acta Psychiatr Scand 87 1993 395
55. L. Fratiglioni A. Ahlbom M. Viitanen Risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A population-case-control study Ann Neurol 33 1993 258
56. L. Fratiglioni M. Grut Y. Forsell Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in an elderly urban population: Relationship with age, sex, and education Neurology 41 1991 1886
57. L.R. French L.M. Schuman J.A. Mortimer A case-control study of dementia of the Alzheimer type Am J Epidemiol 121 1985 414
58. G.B. Frisoni L. Calabresi C. Geroldi Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia Dementia 5 1994 240
59. R.B. Gibbs Estrogen and nerve growth factor-related systems in brain: Effects on basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and implications for learning and memory processes and aging Ann N Y Acad Sci 743 1994 165
60. P. Giem W.L. Beeson G.E. Fraser The incidence of dementia and intake of animal products: Preliminary findings from the Adventist Health Study Neuroepidemiology 12 1993 28
61. D.W. Gilley M.E. Whalen R.S. Wilson Hallucinations and associated factors in Alzheimer's disease J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 3 1991 371
62. A. Goate M.C. Chartier-Harlan M. Mullan Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer's disease Nature 349 1991 704
63. A.B. Graves E. White T.D. Koepsell The association between aluminum-containing products and Alzheimer's disease J Clin Epidemiol 43 1990 35
64. A.B. Graves E. White T.D. Koepsell The association between head trauma and Alzheimer's disease Am J Epidemiol 131 1990 491
65. M. Hamel D.P. Gold D. Andres Predictors and consequences of aggressive behavior by community-based dementia patients Gerontologist 30 1990 206
66. C.R. Harrington J. Louwagie R. Rossau Influence of apolipoprotein E genotype on senile dementia of the Alzheimer and Lewy body types: Significance for etiological theories of Alzheimer's disease Am J Pathol 145 1994 1472
67. V.W. Henderson A. Paganini-Hill C.K. Emanuel Estrogen replacement therapy in older women. Comparisons between Alzheimer's disease cases and nondemented control subjects Arch Neurol 51 1994 896
68. H.C. Hendrie K.S. Hall N. Pillay Alzheimer's disease is rare in Cree Int Psychogeriatr 5 1993 5
69. L.L. Heston A.R. Mastri V.E. Anderson Dementia of the Alzheimer type: Clinical genetics, natural history and associated conditions Arch Gen Psychiatry 38 1981 1085
70. A. Heyman W.E. Wilkinson B.J. Hurwitz Early-onset Alzheimer's disease: Clinical predictors of institutionalization and death Neurology 37 1987 980
71. A. Heyman W.E. Wilkinson J.A. Stafford Alzheimer's disease: A study of the epidemiological aspects Ann Neurol 15 1984 335
72. L.R. Hill M. Klauber R. Katzman Functional status, education, and the diagnosis of dementia in the Shanghai survey Neurology 43 1993 138
73. A. Hirano H.M. Zimmerman Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes: A topographic study Arch Neurol 7 1962 227
74. J.M. Hoffman K.A. Welsh B.C. Hanson The diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET in dementia [abstract] J Nucl Med 34 1994 4P
75. A. Hofman Prevalence, incidence, prognosis and risk factors of dementia Rev Epidém et Santé Publ 35 1987 287
76. F.J. Huff S.H. Belle Y.K. Shim Prevalence and prognostic value of neurologic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease Dementia 1 1990 32
77. B. Ineichen Measuring the rising tide: How many dementia cases will there be by 2001? Br J Psychiatry 150 1987 193
78. T. Ishii Distribution of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes in the brainstem and hypothalamus of senile dementia Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 6 1966 181
79. C.L. Joachim J.H. Morris D.J. Selkoe Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: Autopsy results in 150 cases Ann Neurol 24 1988 50
80. A.F. Jorm A.E. Korten A.S. Henderson The prevalence of dementia: A quantitative integration of the literature Acta Psychiatr Scand 76 1987 465
81. A.F. Jorm van Duijn C.M. V. Chandra Psychiatric history and related exposures as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: A collaborative re-analysis of case-control studies Int J Epidemiol 20 1991 S43
82. R. Katzman The prevalence and malignancy of Alzheimer's disease: A major killer Arch Neurol 33 1976 217
83. R. Katzman M. Aronson P. Fuld Development of dementing illnesses in an 80-year-old volunteer cohort Ann Neurol 25 1989 317
84. R. Katzman L.R. Hill E.S.H. Yu The malignancy of dementia Arch Neurol 51 1994 1220
85. J. Kawamata S. Tanaka S. Shimohama Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 57 1994 1414
86. Z.S. Khachaturian Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 42 1985 1097
87. S. Kitamura A. Terashi Measurements of cerebral blood flow and metabolism in patients with Alzheimer's disease Rinsho Byori 38 1990 494
88. E. Kokmen V. Chandra B.S. Schoenberg Trends in incidence of dementing illness in Rochester, Minnesota, in three quinquennial periods, 1960–1974 Neurology 38 1988 975
89. A. Kumar M.B. Schapiro C. Grady High-resolution PET studies in Alzheimer's disease Neuropsychopharmacology 4 1991 35
90. L. Lannfelt L. Lilius M. Nastase Lack of association between apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 and sporadic Alzheimer's disease Neurosci Lett 169 1994 175
91. A.J. Lerner E. Koss M.B. Patterson Concomitants of visual hallucinations in Alzheimer's disease Neurology 44 1994 523
92. L. Letenneur H. Jacqmin D. Commenges Cerebral and functional aging: First results on prevalence and incidence of the Paquid cohort Methods Inf Med 32 1993 249
93. M. Liddell J. Williams A. Bayer Confirmation of association between the ∈4 allele of apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease J Med Genet 31 1994 197
94. W.A. Lishman Organic Psychiatry 1978 Blackwell Scientific London
95. J.P. Loebel A. Leibovici The management of other psychiatric states: Hallucinations, delusions, and other disturbances Med Clin North Am 78 1994 841
96. O.L. Lopez F. Boller J.T. Becker Alzheimer's disease and depression: Neuropsychological impairment Am J Psychiatry 147 1990 855
97. P.W. Mantyh J.R. Ghilardi S. Rogers Aluminum, iron, and zinc ions promote aggregation of physiological concentrations of beta-amyloid peptide J Neurochem 61 1993 1171
98. K. Marder G. Maestre L. Cote The apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia Neurology 44 1994 1330
99. E.M. Martin R.S. Wilson R.D. Penn Cortical biopsy results in Alzheimer's disease: Correlation with cognitive deficits Neurology 37 1987 1201
100. R.T. Mayeux Y. Stern S. Sparton Heterogeneity in dementia of the Alzheimer type: Evidence of subgroups Neurology 35 1985 453
101. R. Mayeux R. Ottman M.X. Tang Genetic susceptibility and head injury as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease among community-dwelling elderly persons and their first-degree relatives Ann Neurol 33 1993 494
102. R. Mayeux Y. Stern R. Ottman The apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele in patients with Alzheimer's disease Ann Neurol 34 1993 752
103. J.R. McDermott A.I. Smith M.K. Ward Brain aluminum concentration in dialysis encephalopathy Lancet 1 1978 901
104. G. McGonigal B. Thomas C. McQuade Epidemiology of Alzheimer's presenile dementia in Scotland, 1974–88 BMJ 306 1993 680
105. G. McKhann D. Drachman M. Folstein Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS/ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease Neurology 34 1984 939
106. A.I.G. McLaughlin G. Kazantzis E. King Pulmonary fibrosis and encephalopathy associated with the inhalation of aluminum dust British Journal of Industrial Medicine 19 1962 253
107. S.S. Mirra M.N. Hart R.D. Terry Making the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: A primer for practicing pathologists Arch Pathol Lab Med 117 1993 132
108. P.K. Molsa F.J. Marttila U.K. Rinne Epidemiology of dementia in a Finnish population Acta Neurol Scand 65 1982 541
109. J.C. Morris McKeel D.W. Jr K. Fulling Validation of clinical diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease Ann Neurol 24 1988 17
110. J.A. Mortimer L.R. French J.T. Hutton Head injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease Neurology (NY) 35 1985 264
111. J.A. Mortimer van Duijn C.M. V. Chandra Head trauma as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: A colaborative re-analysis of case-control studies Int J Epidemiol 20 1991 528
112. M. Mullan F. Crawford Genetic and molecular advances in Alzheimer's disease Trends Neurosci 16 1993 398
113. M. Mullan F. Crawford J. Buchanan Technical feasibility of genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 8 1994 102
114. T. Muramatsu S. Higuchi H. Arai Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele distribution in alcoholic dementia and in Alzheimer's disease in Japan Ann Neurol 36 1994 797
115. J. Nalbantoglu B.M. Gilfix Predictive value of apolipoprotein E genotyping in Alzheimer's disease: Results of an autopsy series and an analysis of several combined studies Ann Neurol 36 1994 889
116. A.J. Newens D.P. Forster D.W. Kay Clinically diagnosed presenile dementia of the Alzheimer type in the Northern Health Region: Ascertainment, prevalence, incidence and survival Psychol Med 23 1993 631
117. D.W. O'Conner P.A. Pollitt J.B. Hyde The prevalence of dementia as measured by the Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination Acta Psychiatr Scand 79 1989 190
118. M.I. Olson Shaw C.-M. Presenile dementia and Alzheimer's disease in mongolism Brain 92 1969 147
119. G. Oppenheim The earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 7 1994 116
120. B.O. Osuntokun A.O. Ogunniyi U.G. Lekwauwa Alzheimer's disease in Nigeria Afr J Med Med Sci 21 1992 71
121. A. Paganini-Hill V.W. Henderson Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women Am J Epidemiol 140 1994 256
122. M.B. Patterson A.H. Schnell R.J. Martin Assessment of behavioral and affective symptoms in Alzheimer's disease J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 3 1990 21
123. G.J. Paveza D. Cohen C. Eisdorfer Severe family violence and Alzheimer's disease: Prevalence and risk factors Gerontologist 32 1992 493
124. F. Payer A. Alavi E. Souder Superiority of PET over MRI for early diagnosis of dementia of Alzheimer's type [abstract] J Nucl Med 34 1993 116P
125. R.F. Peppard W.R. Martin G.D. Carr Cerebral glucose metabolism in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia Arch Neurol 49 1992 1262
126. R.C. Peterson G.E. Smith R.J. Ivnik Apolipoprotein E status as a predictor of dthe development of Alzheimer's disease in memory-impaired individuals JAMA 273 1995 1274
127. R.I. Pfeffer A.A. Afifi J.M. Chance Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in a retirement community Am J Epidemiol 125 1987 420
128. T. Pirttila T. Lehtimaki T. Nikkari Apolipoprotein E ∈4 allele and risk of dementia JAMA 273 1995 375
129. J. Poirier J. Davignon D. Bouthillier Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease Lancet 342 1993 697
130. B.H. Price H. Gurvit S. Weintraub Neuropsychological patterns and language deficits in 20 consecutive cases of autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 50 1993 931
131. M. Prince M. Cullen A. Mann Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and dementia: A case-control study based on the MRC elderly hypertension trial Neurology 44 1994 97
132. S. Razdan R.L. Kaul A. Motta Prevalence and pattern of major neurological disorders in rural Kashmir (India) in 1986 Neuroepidemiology 13 1994 113
133. G.W. Rebeck T.T. Perls H.L. West Reduced apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele frequency in the oldest old Alzheimer's patients and cognitively normal individuals Neurology 44 1994 1513
134. T. Reed D. Carmelli G.E. Swan Lower cognitive performance in normal older adult male twins carrying the Apolipoprotein E ∈4 allele Arch Neurol 51 1994 1189
135. S. Rifat M.R. Eastwood D.R.C. McLachlan Evidence regarding the effect of prolonged aluminium exposure on cognitive function Lancet 336 1990 1162
136. J.E. Riggs Smoking and Alzheimer's disease: Protective effect or differential survival bias Lancet 342 1993 793
137. J.E. Riggs R.W. Keefover The association between apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Pathogenic relationship or differential survival bias Arch Neurol 51 1994 750
138. W.A. Rocca Frequency, distribution, and risk factors for Alzheimer's disease Nurs Clin North Am 29 1994 101
139. W.A. Rocca S. Bonaiuto A. Lippi Prevalence of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders: A door-to-door survey in Appignano, Macerata Province, Italy. Italian Multicentre Study on Dementia, SMID entre, Florence, Italy Neurology 40 1990 626
140. J. Rogers J.H. Morrison Quantitative morphology and regional and laminar distributions of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease J Neurosci 5 1985 2801
141. B. Rorsman O. Hagnell J. Lanke Prevalence and incidence of senile and multi-infarct dementia in the Lundby study: A comparison between the time periods 1947–1957 and 1957–1972 Neuropsychobiology 15 1986 122
142. A.D. Roses W.J. Strittmatter M.A. Pericak-Vance Clinical application of apolipoprotein E genotyping to Alzheimer's disease Lancet 343 1994 1564
143. B.W. Rovner J. Broadhead M. Spencer Depression and Alzheimer's disease Am J Psychiatry 146 1989 350
144. E. Salmon B. Sadzot P. Maquet Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with PET J Nucl Med 35 1994 391
145. D.A. Sanan K.H. Weisgraber S.J. Russell Apolipoprotein E associates with beta amyloid peptide of Alzheimer's disease to form novel monofibrils: Isoform apo∈4 associates more efficiently than apo∈3 J Clin Invest 94 1994 860
146. A.M. Saunders K. Schmader J.C. Breitner Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele distributions in late-onset Alzheimer's disease and in other amyloid-forming diseases Lancet 342 1993 710
147. A.M. Saunders W.J. Strittmatter D. Schmechel Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease Neurology 43 1993 1467
148. M.B. Schapiro P. Pietrini C.L. Grady Reductions in parietal and temporal cerebral metabolic rates for glucose are not specific for Alzheimer's disease J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 56 1993 859
149. G.D. Schellenberg T.D. Bird E.M. Wijsman Genetic linkage evidence for a familial Alzheimer's disease locus on chromosome 14 Science 258 1992 668
150. B.S. Schoenberg Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease and other dementing illnesses Journal of Chronic Disease 39 1986 1095
151. B.S. Schoenberg D.W. Anderson A.F. Haere Severe dementia: Prevalence and clinical features in a biracial US population Arch Neurol 42 1985 740
152. N. Schupf D. Kapell J.H. Lee Increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in mothers of adults with Down's syndrome Lancet 344 1994 353
153. B. Seltzer I. Sherwin A comparison of clinical features in early- and late-onset primary degenerative dementia: One entity or two? Arch Neurol 40 1983 143
154. Y.C. Shen G. Li Y.T. Li Epidemiology of age-related dementia in China Chin Med J (Engl) 107 1994 60
155. G.W. Small J.C. Mazziotta M.T. Collins Apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and cerebral glucose metabolism in relatives at risk for familial Alzheimer disease JAMA 273 1995 942
156. St George-Hyslop P.H. The molecular genetics of Alzheimer disease R.D. Terry R. Katzman Bick K.L. Alzheimer Disease 1994 Raven Press New York 347
157. St George-Hyslop P.H. Tanzi R.E. Polinsky R.J. Absence of duplication of chromosome 21 genes in familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease Science 238 1987 664
158. Y. Stern B. Gurland T.K. Tatemichi Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease JAMA 271 1994 1004
159. C.N. Still P. Kelly On the incidence of primary degenerative dementia vs. water fluoride content in South Carolina Neurotoxicology 4 1980 125
160. W.J. Strittmatter A.M. Saunders D. Schmechel Apolipoprotein E: High-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90 1993 1977
161. W.J. Strittmatter K.H. Weisgraber M. Goedert Hypothesis: Microtubule instability and paired helical filament formation in the Alzheimer disease brain are related to apolipoprotein E genotype Exp Neurol 125 1994 163
162. W.J. Strittmatter K.H. Weisgraber D.Y. Huang Binding of human apolipoprotein E to synthetic amyloid beta peptide: Isoform-specific effects and implications for late-onset Alzheimer disease Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90 1993 8098
163. R. Sulkava J. Wikstrom A. Aromaa Prevalence of severe dementia in Finland Neurology 35 1985 1025
164. L. Teri E.B. Larson B.V. Reifler Behavioral disturbance in dementia of the Alzheimer's type J Am Geriatr Soc 36 1988 1
165. R.D. Terry E. Masliah L.A. Hansen Structural basis of the cognitive alterations in Alzheimer disease R.D. Terry R. Katzman Bick K.L. Alzheimer Disease 1994 Raven Press New York
166. The Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association I Alzheimer's Disease Fact Sheet. Chicago, IL.
167. M.C. Tierney R.H. Fisher A.J. Lewis The NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group criteria for the clinical diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease: A clinicopathologic study of 57 cases Neurology 38 1988 359
168. M.C. Tierney W.G. Snow D.W. Reid Psychometric differentiation of dementia: Replication and extension of the findings of Storandt and coworkers Arch Neurol 44 1987 720
169. B.E. Tomlinson G. Blessed M. Roth Observations on the brains of demented old people J Neurol Sci 11 1970 205
170. T. Treves A.D. Korczyn N. Zilber Presenile dementia in Israel Arch Neurol 43 1986 26
171. A. Troisi A. Pasini G. Gori Assessment of depression in Alzheimer's disease: Symptoms, syndrome, and computed tomographic findings Dementia 4 1993 87
172. M.S. Tsai E.G. Tangalos R.C. Petersen Apolipoprotein E: Risk factor for Alzheimer disease Am J Hum Genet 54 1994 643
173. T. Tsuda R. Lopez E.A. Rogaeva Are the associations between Alzheimer's disease and polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E and the apolipoprotein CII genes due to linkage disequilibrium? Ann Neurol 36 1994 97
174. US Congress Office of Technology Assessment Losing a Million Minds: Confronting the Tragedy of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias April 1987 US Government Printing Office Washington DC OTA-BA-323
175. A. Ueki M. Kawano Y. Namba A high frequency of apolipoprotein ∈4 isoprotein in Japanese patients with late-onset nonfamilial Alzheimer's disease Neurosci Lett 163 1993 166
176. K. Urakemi Y. Adachi K. Takahashi A community-based study of parental age at the birth of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type Arch Neurol 46 1989 38
177. van Duijn C.M. D. Clayton V. Chandra Familial aggregation of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: A collaborative re-analysis of case-control studies Int J Epidemiol 20 1991 S13
178. C.M. van Duijn de Knijff P. M. Cruts Apolipoprotein ∈4 allele in a population-based study of early-onset Alzheimer's disease Nat Genet 7 1994 74
179. van Duijn C.M. T.A. Tanja R. Haaxma Head trauma and the risk of Alzheimer's disease Am J Epidemiol 135 1992 775
180. Van Hoesen G.W. B.T. Hyman A.R. Damasio Entorhinal cortex pathology in Alzheimer's disease Hippocampus 1 1991 1
181. M.V. Vitiello P.N. Prinz Alzheimer's disease: Sleep and sleep/wake patterns Clin Geriatr Med 5 1989 289
182. J.P.H. Wade T.R. Mirsen V.C. Hachinski The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 44 1987 24
183. M.F. Weiner S.D. Edland H. Luszczynska Prevalence and incidence of major depression in Alzheimer's disease Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 1006
184. K. Welsh N. Butters J. Hughes Detection of abnormal memory decline in mild cases of Alzheimer's disease using CERAD neuropsychological measures Arch Neurol 48 1991 278
185. K.A. Welsh N. Butters J. Hughes Detection and staging of dementia in Alzheimer's disease: Use of the neuropsychological measures developed for the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Arch Neurol 49 1992 448
186. K.A. Welsh J.M. Hoffman N.L. Earl Neural correlates of dementia: Regional brain metabolism (FDG-PET) and the CERAD neuropsychological battery Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 9 1994 395
187. L.J. Whalley A.D. Carothers S. Collyer A study of familial factors in Alzheimer's disease Br J Psychiatry 140 1982 249
188. P.J. Whitehouse D.L. Price A.W. Clark Alzheimer's disease: Evidence for selective loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis Ann Neurol 10 1981 122
189. K.E. Wisniewski H.M. Wisniewski G.Y. Wen Occurrence of neuropathological changes and dementia of Alzheimer's disease in Down's syndrome Ann Neurol 17 1985 278
190. T. Wisniewski E.M. Castano A. Golabek Acceleration of Alzheimer's fibril formation by apolipoprotein E in vitro Am J Pathol 145 1994 1030
191. World The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research (DCR-10) 1993 World Health Organization Geneva
192. R.E. Wragg D.V. Jeste Overview of depression and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease Am J Psychiatry 146 1989 577
193. C.E. Yu H. Payami J.M. Olson The apolipoprotein E/CI/CII gene cluster and late-onset Alzheimer disease Am J Hum Genet 54 1994 631
194. M.Y. Zhang R. Katzman D. Salmon The prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Shanghai, China: Impact of age, gender, and education Ann Neurol 27 1990 428