Targeting cell wall synthesis and assembly in microbes: Similarities- and contrasts between bacteria and fungi

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Volumn 5, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 473-501

  Goldman, R C ^a   Branstrom, A ^a  

^a Intercardia Research Laboratories   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIDULAFUNGIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; BAMBERMYCIN; BENANOMICIN A; BMY 28864; BULGECIN; CASPOFUNGIN; CHAETIACANDIN; CORYNECANDIN; ECHINOCANDIN B; ECHINOCANDIN B DERIVATIVE; FUSACANDIN; L 687781; LIPOSIDOMYCIN B; LY 191145; MICAFUNGIN; MUREIDOMYCIN A; NIKKOMYCIN; NIKKOMYCIN Z; PAPULACANDIN B; POLYOXIN B; POLYOXIN D; POLYOXIN L; PRADIMICIN A; PRADIMICIN B; PRADIMICIN C; TUNICAMYCIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VANCOMYCIN;

CARBOHYDRATE SYNTHESIS; CELL WALL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG STRUCTURE; FUNGUS; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; MEMBRANE STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; BACTERIA; CELL WALL; CHITIN; DOLICHOL; FUNGI; GLUCANS; GLYCOSYLATION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; MANNANS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PEPTIDOGLYCAN;

EID: 0032821761     PISSN: 13816128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (262)

1. Cid, V.J.; Duran, A.; del Rey, F., et al. Microbiol Rev, 1995, 59, 345.
2. Klis, F.M. Yeast, 1994, 10, 851.
3. Lussier, M.; White, A.M.; Sheraton, J., et al. Genetics, 1997, 147, 435.
4. Shepherd, M.G. Crit Rev Microbiol, 1987, 15, 7.
5. Reiss, E.; Hearn, V.M.; Poulain, D., et al. J Med Vet Mycol, 1992, 30, 143.
6. Gopal, P.K.; Shepherd, M.G.; Sullivan, P.A. J Gen Microbiol, 1984, 130, 3295.
7. Gopal, P.; Sullivan, P.A.; Shepherd. M.G. J Gen Microbiol, 1984, 130, 1217.
8. Goldman, R.C.; Frost, D.J.; Capobianco, J.O., et al. Infect Agents Dis, 1995, 4, 228.
9. Ruiz-Herrera, J.; Larriba, G. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 1995, 68, 231.
10. Andaluz, E.; Guillen, A.; Larriba, G. Biochem J, 1986, 240, 495.
11. Andaluz, E., Ridruejo, J.C., Ramirez, M., Ruiz-Herrera, J., and Larriba, G. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 1988, 49, 251.
12. Mazur, P.; Morin, N.; Baginsky, W., et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1995, 15, 5671.
13. Mazur, P.; Baginsky, W. J Biol Chem, 1996, 271, 14604.
14. Kondoh, O.; Tachibana, Y.; Ohya, Y., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 7734.
15. Qadota, H.; Python, C.P.; Inoue, S.B., et al. Science, 1996, 272, 279.
16. Cabib, E.; Drgonova, J.; Drgon, T. Annu Rev Biochem, 1998, 67, 307.
17. Drgonova, J.; Drgon, T.; Tanaka, K., et al. Science, 1996, 272, 277.
18. Mol, P.C.; Park, H.M.; Mullins, J.T., et al. J Biol Chem, 1994, 269, 31267.
19. Arellano, M.; Duran, A.; Perez, P. Embo J, 1996, 15, 4584.
20. Hirano, H.; Tanaka, K.; Ozaki, K., et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1996, 16, 4396.
21. Bickle, M.; Delley, P.A.; Schmidt, A., et al. Embo J, 1998, 17, 2235.
22. Ozaki, K.; Tanaka, K.; Imamura, H., et al. Embo J, 1996, 15, 2196.
23. Cid, V.J.; Cenamor, R.; Sanchez, M., et al. Microbiology, 1998, 144, 25.
24. Kamada, Y.; Qadota, H.; Python, C.P., et al. J Biol Chem, 1996, 271, 9193.
25. Nonaka, H.; Tanaka, K.; Hirano, H., et al. Embo J, 1995, 14, 5931.
26. Schmidt, A.; Bickle, M.; Beck, T., et al. Cell. 1997, 88, 531.
27. Zhao, C.; Jung, U.S.; Garrett-Engele, P., et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1998, 18, 1013.
28. Raclavsky, V. Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Fac Med, 1998, 141, 7.
29. Levin, D.E.; Bowers, B.; Chen, C.Y., et al. Cell Mol Biol Res, 1994, 40, 229.
30. Herskowitz, I. Cell, 1995, 80, 187.
31. Gray, J.V.; Ogas, J.P.; Kamada, Y., et al. Embo J, 1997, 16, 4924.
32. Kamada, Y.; Jung, U.S.; Piotrowski, J., et al. Genes Dev, 1995, 9, 1559.
33. Navarro-Garcia, F.; Alonso-Monge, R.; Rico, H., et al. Microbiology, 1998, 144, 411.
34. Awald, P.D.; Frost, D.; Drake, R.R., et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1994, 1201, 312.
35. Frost, D.; Brandt, K.; Estill, C., et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1997, 146, 255.
36. Kurtz, M.B.; Douglas, C.M. J Med Vet Mvcol, 1997, 35, 79.
37. Hochstenbach, F.; Klis, F.M.; van den Ende, H., et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998, 95, 9161.
38. Fath, M.J.; Kolter, R. Microbiol Rev, 1993, 57, 995.
39. Radding, J.A.; Heidler, S.A.; Turner, W.W. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 1187.
40. Roemer, T.; Delaney, S.; Bussey, H. Mol Cell Biol, 1993, 13, 4039.
41. Boone, C.; Sommer, S.S.; Hensel, A., et al. J Cell Biol, 1990, 110, 1833.
42. Shahinian, S.; Dijkgraaf, G.J.; Sdicu, A.M., et al. Genetics, 1998, 149, 843.
43. Simons, J.F.; Ebersold, M.; Helenius, A. Embo J, 1998, 17, 396.
44. Lussier, M.; Sdicu, A.M.; Shahinian, S., et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998, 95, 9825.
45. Cabib, E.; Drgon, T.; Drgonova, J., et al. Biochem Soc Trans, 1997, 25, 200.
46. Bartnicki-Garcia, S.; Bracker, C.E.; Lippman, E., et al. Arch Microbiol, 1984, 139, 105.
47. Flores Martinez, A.; Schwencke, J. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1988, 946, 328.
48. Gonzalbo, D.; Dubon, F.; Sentandreu, R. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 1993, 64, 67.
49. Kamada, T.; Bracker, C.E.; Lippman, E., et al. J Cell Sci, 1991, 99, 565.
50. Kamada, T.; Bracker, C.E.; Bartnicki-Garcia, S. J Gen Microbiol, 1991, 137, 1241.
51. Ruiz-Herrera, J.; Bartnicki-Garcia, S.; Bracker, C.E. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1980, 629, 201.
52. Ziman, M.; Chuang, J.S.; Schekman, R.W. Mol Biol Cell, 1996, 7, 1909.
53. Ziman, M.; Chuang, J.S.; Tsung, M., et al. Mol Biol Cell, 1998, 9, 1565.
54. Fujiwara, M.; Horiuchi, H.; Ohta, A., et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1997, 236, 75.
55. Jungmann, J.; Munro, S. Embo J, 1998, 17, 423.
56. Rayner, J.C.; Munro, S. J Biol Chem, 1998, 273, 26836.
57. Buurman, E.T.; Westwater, C.; Hube, B., et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998, 95, 7670.
58. Timpel, C.; Strahl-Bolsinger, S.; Ziegelbauer, K., et al. J Biol Chem, 1998, 273, 20837.
59. Kollar, R.; Reinhold, B.B.; Petrakova, E., et al. J Biol Chem, 1997, 272, 17762.
60. Van Der Vaart, J.M.; te Biesebeke, R.; Chapman, J.W., et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1996, 145, 401.
61. van der Vaart, J.M.; van Schagen, F.S.; Mooren, A.T., et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1996, 1291, 206.
62. Lu, C.F.; Montijn, R.C.; Brown, J.L., et al. J Cell Biol, 1995, 128, 333.
63. Kapteyn, J.C.; Montijn, R.C.; Vink, E., et al. Glycobiology, 1996, 6, 337.
64. Kapteyn, J.C.; Montijn, R.C.; Dijkgraaf, G.J., et al. J Bacteriol, 1995, 177, 3788.
65. Kapteyn, J.C.; Ram, A.F.; Groos, E.M., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 6279.
66. Kollar, R.; Petrakova, E.; Ashwell, G., et al. J Biol Chem, 1995, 270, 1170.
67. Surarit, R.; Gopal, P.K.; Shepherd, M.G. J Gen Microbiol, 1988, 134, 1723.
68. Sietsma, J.H.; Wessels, J.G. J Gen Microbiol, 1981, 125, 209.
69. Sietsma, J.H.; Wessels, J.G. J Gen Microbiol, 1990, 136, 2261.
70. Lu, C.F.; Kurjan, J.; Lipke, P.N. Mol Cell Biol, 1994, 14, 4825.
71. Ram, A.F.; Kapteyn, J.C.; Montijn, R.C., et al. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 1418.
72. Popolo, L.; Gilardelli, D.; Bonfante, P., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 463.
73. Hartland, R.P.; Emerson, G.W.; Sullivan, P.A. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 1991, 246, 155.
74. Yu, L.; Goldman, R.; Sullivan, P., et al. J Biomol NMR, 1993, 3, 429.
75. Klebl, F.; Tanner, W. J Bacteriol, 1989, 171, 6259.
76. Mrsa, V.; Klebl, F.; Tanner, W. J Bacteriol, 1993, 175, 2102.
77. Goldman, R.C.; Sullivan, P.A.; Zakula, D., et al. Eur J Biochem, 1995, 227, 372.
78. Mouyna, I.; Hartland, R.P.; Fontaine, T., et al. Microbiology, 1998, 144, 3171.
79. Varghese, J.N.; Garrett, T.P.; Colman, P.M., et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1994, 91, 2785.
80. Muller, JJ.; Thomsen, K.K.; Heinemann, U. J Biol Chem, 1998, 273, 3438.
81. Chen, L.; Sadek, M.; Stone, B.A., et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1995, 1253, 112.
82. Chen, L.; Garrett, T.J.; Varghese, J.N., et al. J Mol Biol, 1993, 234, 888.
83. Chen, L.; Fincher, G.B.; Hoj, P.B. J Biol Chem, 1993, 268, 13318.
84. Cappellaro, C.; Mrsa, V.; Tanner, W. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 5030.
85. Popolo, L.; Vai, M. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1999, 1426, 385.
86. Coen, M.L.; Lerner, C.G.; Capobianco, J.O., et al. Microbiology, 1994, 140, 2229.
87. Hartland, R.P.; Vermeulen, C.A.; Klis, F.M., et al. Yeast, 1994, 10, 1591.
88. Hartland, R.P.; Fontaine, T.; Debeaupuis, J.P., et al. J Biol Chem, 1996, 271, 26843.
89. Nishitani, K. Int Rev Cytol, 1997, 173, 157.
90. Fontaine, T.; Mouyna, I.; Hartland, R.P., et al. Biochem Soc Trans, 1997, 25, 194.
91. Fontaine, T.; Hartland, R.P.; Beauvais, A., et al. Eur J Biochem, 1997, 243, 315.
92. Fontaine, T.; Hartland, R.P.; Diaquin, M., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 3154.
93. Lamba, G.; Andaluz, E.; Cueva, R., et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1995, 125, 121.
94. Sarthy, A.V.; McGonigal, T.; Coen, M., et al. Microbiology, 1997, 143, 367.
95. Popolo, L.; Vai, M. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 163.
96. Klis, F.M.; Caro, L.H.; Vossen, J.H., et al. Biochem Soc Trans, 1997, 25, 856.
97. Denning, D.W. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 1997, 40, 611.
98. Petraitis, V.; Petraitiene, R.; Groll, A.H., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 2898.
99. Chen, R.H.; Tennant, S.; Frost, D., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1996, 49, 596.
100. Chiba, H.; Kaneto, R.; Agematu. H., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 356.
101. Hochlowski, J.E.; Whittern, D.N.; Buko, A., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1995, 48, 614.
102. Komori, T.; Itoh, Y. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1985, 38, 544.
103. Okada, H.; Nagashima, M.; Suzuki, H., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1996, 49, 103.
104. VanMiddlesworth, F.; Omstead, M.N.; Schmatz, D., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1991, 44, 45.
105. Hector, R.F. Clin Microbiol Rev, 1993, 6, 1.
106. Zambias, R.A.; Hammond, M.L.; Heck, J.V., et al. J Med Chem, 1992, 35, 2843.
107. Yeung, C.M.; Klein, L.L.; Lartey, P.A. Bioor Med Chem Letts, 1996, 6, 819.
108. Debono, M.; Turner, W.W.; LaGrandeur, L., et al. J Med Chem, 1995, 38, 3271.
109. Kauffman, C.A.; Carver, P.L. Drugs, 1997, 53, 539.
110. Groll, A.H.; De Lucca, A.J.; Walsh, T.J. Trends Microbiol, 1998, 6, 117.
111. Fromtling, R.A. Drug News and Perspectives, 1997, 10, 557.
112. Capobianco, J.O.; Zakula, D.; Frost, D.J., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 389.
113. Ko, Y.T.; Frost, D.J.; Ho, C.T., et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1994, 1193, 31.
114. Mackichan, J.; Thomsen, L.; Kerwin, J., et al. Microbiology, 1995, 141, 2757.
115. Ko, Y.T.; Ludescher, R.D.; Frost, D.J., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1994, 38, 1378.
116. Kasahara, S.; Ben Inoue, S.; Mio, T., et al. FEBS Lett, 1994, 348, 27.
117. Kasahara, S.; Yamada, H.; Mio, T., et al. J Bacteriol, 1994, 176, 1488.
118. Kimura, T.; Kitamoto, N.; Matsuoka, K., et al. Gene, 1993, 137, 265.
119. Kimura, T.; Kitamoto, N.; Kito, Y., et al. Mol Gen Genet, 1997, 254, 139.
120. Komiyama, T.; Ohta, T.; Furuichi, Y., et al. Biol Pharm Bull, 1995, 18, 1057.
121. Komiyama, T.; Ohta, T.; Urakami, H., et al. J Biochem (Tokyo), 1996, 119, 731.
122. Komiyama, T.; Shirai, T.; Ohta, T., et al. Biol Pharm Bull, 1998, 21, 1013.
123. Takasuka, T.; Komiyama, T.; Furuichi, Y., et al. Cell Mol Biol Res, 1995, 41, 575.
124. Yabe, T.; Yamada-Okabe, T.; Kasahara, S., et al. J Bacteriol, 1996, 178, 477.
125. Yamamoto, T.; Hiratani, T.; Hirata, H., et al. FEBS Lett, 1986, 197, 50.
126. Cabib, E. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1991, 35, 170.
127. Selitrennikoff, C.P. Arch Biochem Biophys, 1979, 195, 243.
128. Vespa, M.N.; Lebecq, J.C.; Simonetti, N. Mycoses, 1993, 36, 397.
129. Kapteyn, J.C.; Dijkgraaf, G.J.; Montijn, R.C., et al. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1995, 128, 271.
130. Elorza, M.V.; Murgui, A.; Rico, H., et al. J Gen Microbiol, 1987, 133, 2315.
131. Chaffin, W.L. J Gen Microbiol, 1985, 131, 1853.
132. Vai, M.; Popolo, L.; Alberghina, L. Exp Cell Res, 1987, 171, 448.
133. Kakinuma, S.; Suzuki, K.; Hatori, M., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 430.
134. Watabe, H.; Mikuniya, T.; Inouye, S., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1996, 49, 1221.
135. Watanabe, M.; Gomi, S.; Tohyama, H., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1996, 49, 366.
136. Watanabe, M.; Tohyama, H.; Hiratani, T., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1997, 50, 1042.
137. Watanabe, M.; Nishiyama, Y.; Inouye, S., et al. Microbiol Immunol, 1998, 42, 365.
138. Yasuoka, A.; Oka, S.; Komuro, K., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1995, 39, 720.
139. Fujikawa, K.; Tsukamoto, Y.; Oki, T., et al. Glycobiology, 1998, 8, 407.
140. Fung-Tomc, J.C.; Minassian, B.; Huczko, E., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1995, 39, 295.
141. Numata, K.; Ueki, T.; Naito, N., et al. J Electron Microsc (Tokyo), 1993, 42, 147.
142. Oki, T.; Yamazaki, Y.; Furumai, T., et al. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 1997, 61, 1408.
143. Ueki, T.; Numata, K.; Sawada, Y., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 455.
144. Ueki, T.; Oka, M.; Fukagawa, Y., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 465.
145. Ueki, T.; Numata, K.; Sawada, Y., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 149.
146. Walsh, T.J.; Giri, N. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 1997, 16, 93.
147. Hejgaard, J.; Jacobsen, S.; Bjorn, S.E., et al. FEBS Lett. 1992, 307, 389.
148. Gozia, O.; Ciopraga, J.; Bentia, T., et al. C R Acad Sci III, 1993, 316, 788.
149. Ram, A.F.; Wolters, A.; Ten Hoopen, R., et al. Yeast, 1994, 10, 1019.
150. Roncero, C.; Valdivieso, M.H.; Ribas, J.C., et al. J Bacteriol, 1988, 170, 1950.
151. Salton, M.R.J. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 1-22.
152. Dijkstra, A.J.; Keck, W. J Bacteriol, 1996, 178, 5555.
153. Schleifer, K.H.; Kandler, O. Bacteriol Rev, 1972, 36, 407.
154. Boyle, D.S.; Donachie, W.D. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 6429.
155. Lehrman, M.A. Glycobiology, 1994, 4, 768.
156. Ikeda, M.; Wachi, M.; Jung, H.K., et al. J Bacteriol, 1991, 173, 1021.
157. Mengin-Lecreulx, D.; Texier, L.; Rousseau, M., et al. J Bacteriol, 1991, 173, 4625.
158. Ikeda, M.; Wachi, M.; Matsuhashi, M. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 1992, 38, 53.
159. Mengin-Lecreulx, D.; Texier, L.; van Heijenoort, J. Nucleic Acids Res, 1990, 18, 2810.
160. Di Berardino, M.; Dijkstra, A.; Stuber, D., et al. FEBS Lett, 1996, 392, 184.
161. Kopp, U.; Roos, M.; Wecke, J., et al. Microb Drug Resist, 1996, 2, 29.
162. Shockman, G.D.; Holtje, J.-V. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 131-166.
163. Holtje, J.V. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 1998, 62, 181.
164. Schnaitman, C.A.; Klena, J.D. Microbiol Rev, 1993, 57, 655.
165. Whitfield, C. Trends Microbiol, 1995, 3, 178.
166. Anderson, M.S.; Bull, H.G.; Galloway, S.M., et al. J Biol Chem, 1993, 268, 19858.
167. Pfitzner, U.; Raetz, C.R.; Roderick, S.L. Proteins, 1995, 22, 191.
168. Raetz, C.R.; Roderick, S.L. Science, 1995, 270, 997.
169. Raetz, C.R. Prog Clin Biol Res, 1998, 397, 1.
170. Wyckoff, T.J.; Raetz, C.R.; Jackman, J.E. Trends Microbiol, 1998, 6, 154.
171. Onishi, H.R.; Pelak, B.A.; Gerckens, L.S., et al. Science, 1996, 274, 980.
172. Goldman, R.; Kohlbrenner, W.; Lartey, P., et al. Nature, 1987, 329, 162.
173. Hammond, S.M.; Claesson, A.; Jansson, A.M., et al. Nature, 1987, 327, 730.
174. Zhou, Z.; White, K.A.; Polissi, A., et al. J Biol Chem, 1998, 273, 12466.
175. Polissi, A.; Georgopoulos, C. Mol Microbiol, 1996, 20, 1221.
176. van Heijenoort, J. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 39-54.
177. Schonbrunn, E.; Svergun, D.I.; Amrhein, N., et al. Eur J Biochem, 1998, 253, 406.
178. Skarzynski, T.; Mistry, A.; Wonacott, A., et al. Structure, 1996, 4, 1465.
179. Kim, D.H.; Lees, W.J.; Kempsell, K.E., et al. Biochemistry, 1996, 35, 4923.
180. Benson, T.E.; Walsh, C.T.; Hogle, J.M. Biochemistry, 1997, 36, 806.
181. Dhalla, A.M.; Yanchunas, J., Jr.; Ho, H.T., et al. Biochemistry, 1995, 34, 5390.
182. Gegnas, L.D.; Waddell, S.T.; Chabin, R.M., et al. Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 1998, 8, 1643.
183. Zeng, B.; Wong, K.K.; Pompliano, D.L., et al. J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63, 10081.
184. Wong, K.K.; Kuo, D.W.; Chabin, R.M., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 13527.
185. Brandish, P.E.; Kimura, K.I.; Inukai, M., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1996, 40, 1640.
186. Brandish, P.E.; Burnham, M.K.; Lonsdale, J.T., et al. J Biol Chem, 1996, 271, 7609.
187. Kimura, K.; Ikeda, Y.; Kagami, S., et al. J Antibior (Tokyo), 1998, 51, 647.
188. Kimura, K.; Kagami, S.; Ikeda, Y., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1998, 51, 640.
189. Hickman, S.; Kornfeld, S. J Immunol, 1978, 121, 990.
190. Inukai, M.; Isono, F.; Takatsuki, A. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1993, 37, 980.
191. Isono, F.; Katayama, T.; Inukai, M., et al. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1989, 42, 674.
192. Kimura, K.; Miyata, N.; Kawanishi, G., et al. Agric. Biol. Chem., 1989, 53, 1811.
193. Pooley, H.M.; Karamata, D. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 187-198.
194. Reynolds, P.E.; Somner, E.A. Drugs Exp Clin Res, 1990, 16, 385.
195. Somner, E.A.; Reynolds, P.E. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1990, 34, 413.
196. Auger, G.; Crouvoisier, M.; Caroff, M., et al. Letters in Peptide Science, 1997, 4, 371.
197. Men, H.; Park, P.; Ge, M., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 2484.
198. Massidda, O.; Anderluzzi, D.; Friedli, L., et al. Microbiology, 1998, 144, 3069.
199. Pucci, M.J.; Thanassi, J.A.; Discotto, L.F., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 5632.
200. Miyao, A.; Yoshimura, A.; Sato, T., et al. Gene, 1992, 118, 147.
201. Ikeda, M.; Wachi, M.; June, H.K., et al. Nucleic Acids Res, 1990, 18, 4014.
202. Fleischmann, R.D.; Adams, M.D.; White, O., et al. Science, 1995, 269, 496.
203. Duez, c.; Thamm, I.; Sapunaric, F., et al. DNA Seq., 1998, 9, 149.
204. Eiglmeier, K.; Honore, N.; Woods, S.A., et al. Mol Microbiol, 1993, 7, 197.
205. Ghuysen, J.-M. International J. Antimicrobial Agents, 1997, 8, 45.
206. Matsuhashi, M. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 55-72.
207. Kurz, M.; Guba, W.; Vertesy, L. Eur J Biochem, 1998, 252, 500.
208. Fehlhaber, H.-W.; Girg, M.; Seibert, G., et al. Tetrahedron, 1990, 46, 1557.
209. El-Abadla, N.; Lampilas, M.; Hennig, L., et al. Tetrahedron, 1999, 55, 699.
210. Hara, H.; Suzuki, H. FEBS Lett, 1984, 168, 155.
211. Sahl, H.G.; Jack, R.W.; Bierbaum, G. Eur J Biochem, 1995, 230, 827.
212. Brotz, H.; Bierbaum, G.; Markus, A., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1995, 39, 714.
213. Brotz, H.; Bierbaum, G.; Reynolds, P.E., et al. Eur J Biochem, 1997, 246, 193.
214. Brotz, H.; Bierbaum, G.; Leopold, K., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 154.
215. Entress, R.M.; Dancer, R.J.; O'Brien, D.P., et al. Chem Biol, 1998, 5, 329.
216. Grdadolnik, S.G.; Mierke, D.F. J Chem Inf Comput Sci, 1997, 37, 1044.
217. Li, D.; Sreenivasan, U.; Juranic, N., et al. J Mol Recognit, 1997, 10, 73.
218. Johnston, L.S.; Neuhaus, F.C. Biochemistry, 1975, 14, 2754.
219. Reynolds, P.E. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 1989, 8, 943.
220. Hakenbeck, R. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 535-546.
221. Loll, P.J.; Miller, R.; Weeks, C.M., et al. Chem Biol, 1998, 5, 293.
222. Yan, H.; Cheng, X.; He, B. Biophys Chem, 1998, 74, 107.
223. Allen, N.E.; Hobbs, J.N., Jr.; Nicas, T.I. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1996, 40, 2356.
224. Allen, N.E.; LeTourneau, D.L.; Hobbs, J.N., Jr. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1997, 41, 66.
225. Thwaites, J.J.; Mendelson, N.H. Adv Microb Physiol, 1991, 32, 173.
226. Holtje, J.V. Microb Drug Resist, 1996, 2, 99.
227. Holtje, J.V.; Mirelman, D.; Sharon, N., et al. J Bacteriol, 1975, 124, 1067.
228. Lommatzsch, J.; Templin, M.F.; Kraft, A.R., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 5465.
229. Dijkstra, A.J.; Keck, W. Microb Drug Resist, 1996, 2, 141.
230. Romeis, T.; Vollmer, W.; Holtje, J.V. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 1993, 111, 141.
231. Engel, H.; Smink, A.J.; van Wijngaarden, L., et al. J Bacteriol, 1992, 174, 6394.
232. Kraft, A.R.; Templin, M.F.; Holtje, J.V. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 3441.
233. Park, W.; Matsuhashi, M. J Bacteriol, 1984, 157, 538.
234. Thunnissen, A.M.; Rozeboom, H.J.; Kalk, K.H., et al. Biochemistry, 1995, 34, 12729.
235. Ishikawa, S.; Yamane, K.; Sekiguchi, J. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 1375.
236. Atrih, A.; Zollner, P.; Allmaier, G., et al. J Bacteriol, 1998, 180, 4603.
237. Baba, T.; Schneewind, O. Embo J, 1998, 17, 4639.
238. Qoronfleh, M.W.; Gustafson, J.E.; Wilkinson, B.J. FEMS Microbial Lett, 1998, 166, 103.
239. Kengatharan, K.M.; De Kimpe, S.; Robson, C., et al. J Exp Med, 1998, 188, 305.
240. van Langevelde, P.; van Dissel, J.T.; Ravensbergen, E., et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 3073.
241. Park, J.T. Microb Drug Resist, 1996, 2, 105.
242. Park, J.T. Mol Microbiol, 1995, 17, 421.
243. Normark, S. Microb Drug Resist, 1995, 1, 111.
244. Wiedemann, B.; Dietz, H.; Pfeifle, D. Clin Infect Dis, 1998, 27 Suppl 1, S42.
245. Langaee, T.Y.; Dargis, M.; Huletsky, A. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1998, 42, 3296.
246. Jacobs, C. Science, 1997, 278, 1731.
247. Dietz, H.; Pfeifle, D.; Wiedemann, B. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1997, 41, 2113.
248. Dietz, H.; Pfeifle, D.; Wiedemann, B. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1996, 40, 2173.
249. Ayala, J.A.; Garrido, T.; de Padro, M.A., et al. In Bacterial Cell Wall: New Comprehensive Biochemistry, Ghuysen, J.-M. and Hakenbeck, R., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, 1994, pp. 73-102.
250. Hara, H.; Yasuda, S.; Horiuchi, K., et al. J Bacteriol, 1997, 179, 5802.
251. Selitrennikoff, C.P. Dev Biol, 1983, 97, 245.
252. Martin, H.; Castellanos, M.C.; Cenamor, R., et al. Curr Genet, 1996, 29, 516.
253. Motizuki, M.; Yokota, S.; Tsurugi, K. Eur J Cell Biol, 1995, 68, 275.
254. Cid, V.J.; Sanchez, M.; Nombela, C. Microbiology, 1994, 140, 559.
255. Kollar, R.; Vorisek, J.; Sturdik, E. Folia Microbiol, 1993, 38, 479.
256. Kollar, R.; Sturdik, E.; Sablaturova, E. Folia Microbiol, 1993, 38, 473.
257. Ram, S.P.; Romana, L.K.; Shepherd, M.G., et al. J Gen Microbiol, 1984, 130, 1227.
258. Krajewska-Kulak, E.; Niczyporuk, W.; Szynaka, B. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst, 1997, 42, 208.
259. de la Fuente, J.M.; Alvarez, A.; Nombela, C., et al. Yeast, 1992, 8, 39.
260. Cabib, E.; Silverman, S.J.; Shaw, J.A. J Gen Microbiol, 1992, 138, 97.
261. Caro, L.H.; Tettelin, H.; Vossen, J.H., et al. Yeast, 1997, 13, 1477.
262. Rhodes, D.G.; Sarmiento, J.G.; Herbette, L.G. Mol Pharmacol, 1985, 27, 612.