Corrigendum to ‘Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) Clinical Practice Improvement (CPI) Advisory for Management of Perioperative Bleeding and Hemostasis in Cardiac Surgery Patients’ [Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 33 (2019) 2887-2899](S1053077019303507)(10.1053/j.jvca.2019.04.0035);Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Clinical Practice Improvement Advisory for Management of Perioperative Bleeding and Hemostasis in Cardiac Surgery Patients

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

Volumn 33, Issue 11, 2019, Pages 2887-2899

  Raphael, Jacob ^a   Mazer, C David ^b   Subramani, Sudhakar ^c   Schroeder, Andrew ^d   Abdalla, Mohamed ^e   Ferreira, Renata ^f   Roman, Philip E ^g   Patel, Nichlesh ^h   Welsby, Ian ⁱ   Greilich, Philip E ^j   Harvey, Reed ^k   Ranucci, Marco ^l   Heller, Lori B ^m   Boer, Christa ⁿ   Wilkey, Andrew ^o   Hill, Steven E ^j   Nuttall, Gregory A ^p   Palvadi, Raja R ^q   Patel, Prakash A ^r   Wilkey, Barbara ^s   Gaitan, Brantley ^t   Hill, Shanna S ^u   Kwak, Jenny ^v   Klick, John ^w   Bollen, Bruce A ^x   Shore Lesserson, Linda ^y   Abernathy, James ^z   Schwann, Nanette ^aa,ab   Lau, W Travis ^ac   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

^b ST MICHAEL'S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^d University of Wisconsin Health   (United States)

^e LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^g ST ANTHONY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

ⁱ DUKE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^j UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^k UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^l IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN DONATO   (Italy)

^m SWEDISH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

ⁿ VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^o ABBOTT NORTHWESTERN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^p MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^q BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^r HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^s UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^t MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^u WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^v LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^w CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^x Missoula Anesthesiology   (United States)

^y NORTH SHORE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^z JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^aa UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^ab Phymed Healthcare Group   (United States)

^ac Pacific Anesthesia Inc   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

bleeding; cardiac anesthesia; cardiac surgery; hemostasis; Transfusion

Indexed keywords

ANESTHESIOLOGIST; ARTICLE; CARDIAC ANESTHESIA; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONSENSUS; HEART SURGERY; HEMOSTASIS; HUMAN; OPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS; PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SURGICAL PATIENT; ADVERSE EVENT; ANESTHESIOLOGY; HEMOSTATIC TECHNIQUE; MEDICAL SOCIETY; POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE; PROCEDURES;

ANESTHESIOLOGY; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; CONSENSUS; HEMOSTATIC TECHNIQUES; HUMANS; PERIOPERATIVE CARE; POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE; SOCIETIES, MEDICAL;

EID: 85067299894     PISSN: 10530770     EISSN: 15328422     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.11.004     Document Type: Erratum

References (125)

1. Gorlinger K., Shore-Lesserson L., Dirkmann D., et al. Management of hemorrhage in cardiothoracic surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth2013;27:S20-34.
2. Dyke C., Aronson S., Dietrich W., et al. Universal definition of perioperative bleeding in adult cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2014;147:1458-63.e1451.
3. Murphy G.J., Pike K., Rogers C.A., et al. Liberal or restrictive transfusion after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med2015;372:997-1008.
4. Robich M.P., Koch C.G., Johnston D.R., et al. Trends in blood utilization in United States cardiac surgical patients. Transfusion2015;55:805-14.
5. Ranucci M., Baryshnikova E., Castelvecchio S., et al. Major bleeding, transfusions, and anemia: The deadly triad of cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg2013;96:478-85.
6. Christensen M.C., Krapf S., Kempel A., et al. Costs of excessive postoperative hemorrhage in cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2009;138:687-93.
7. Ferraris V.A., Hochstetler M., Martin J.T., et al. Blood transfusion and adverse surgical outcomes: The good and the bad. Surgery2015;158:608-17.
8. Karkouti K., Wijeysundera D.N., Yau T.M., et al. The independent association of massive blood loss with mortality in cardiac surgery. Transfusion2004;44:1453-62.
9. Likosky D.S., Zhang M., Paone G., et al. Impact of institutional culture on rates of transfusions during cardiovascular procedures: The Michigan experience. Am Heart J2016;174:1-6.
10. Engoren M.C., Habib R.H., Zacharias A., et al. Effect of blood transfusion on long-term survival after cardiac operation. Ann Thorac Surg2002;74:1180-6.
11. Koch C.G., Li L., Duncan A.I., et al. Morbidity and mortality risk associated with red blood cell and blood-component transfusion in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Crit Care Med2006;34:1608-16.
12. Koch C.G., Li L., Duncan A.I., et al. Transfusion in coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with reduced long-term survival. Ann Thorac Surg2006;81:1650-7.
13. Koch C.G., Li L., Van Wagoner D.R., et al. Red cell transfusion is associated with an increased risk for postoperative atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg2006;82:1747-56.
14. Murphy G.J., Reeves B.C., Rogers C.A., et al. Increased mortality, postoperative morbidity, and cost after red blood cell transfusion in patients having cardiac surgery. Circulation2007;116:2544-52.
15. Bhaskar B., Dulhunty J., Mullany D.V., et al. Impact of blood product transfusion on short and long-term survival after cardiac surgery: More evidence. Ann Thorac Surg2012;94:460-7.
16. Freedman J., Luke K., Escobar M., et al. Experience of a network of transfusion coordinators for blood conservation (Ontario Transfusion Coordinators [ONTraC]). Transfusion2008;48:237-50.
17. LaPar D.J., Crosby I.K., Ailawadi G., et al. Blood product conservation is associated with improved outcomes and reduced costs after cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2013;145:796-803; discussion 803-794.
18. Moskowitz D.M., McCullough J.N., Shander A., et al. The impact of blood conservation on outcomes in cardiac surgery: Is it safe and effective?Ann Thorac Surg2010;90:451-8.
19. Society of Thoracic Surgeons Blood Conservation Guideline Task Force, Ferraris V.A., Brown J.R., et al. 2011 Update to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists blood conservation clinical practice guidelines. Ann Thorac Surg2011;91:944-82.
20. Kozek-Langenecker S.A., Afshari A., Albaladejo P., et al. Management of severe perioperative bleeding: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol2013;30:270-382.
21. Kozek-Langenecker S.A., Ahmed A.B., Afshari A., et al. Management of severe perioperative bleeding: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology: First update 2016. Eur J Anaesthesiol2017;34:332-95.
22. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management. Practice guidelines for perioperative blood management: An updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management. Anesthesiology2015;122:241-75.
23. Kaufman R.M., Djulbegovic B., Gernsheimer T., et al. Platelet transfusion: A clinical practice guideline from the AABB. Ann Intern Med2015;162:205-13.
24. Carson J.L., Guyatt G., Heddle N.M., et al. Clinical practice guidelines from the AABB: Red blood cell transfusion thresholds and storage. JAMA2016;316:2025-35.
25. Task Force on Patient Blood Management for Adult Cardiac Surgery of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgeons, the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiologists, Boer C., et al. 2017 EACTS/EACTA Guidelines on patient blood management for adult cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth2018;32:88-120.
26. Society of Thoracic Surgeons Blood Conservation Guideline Task Force, Ferraris V.A., Ferraris S.P., et al. Perioperative blood transfusion and blood conservation in cardiac surgery: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists clinical practice guideline. Ann Thorac Surg2007;83:S27-86.
27. Bennett-Guerrero E., Zhao Y., O'Brien S.M., et al. Variation in use of blood transfusion in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. JAMA2010;304:1568-75.
28. Karkouti K., Wijeysundera D.N., Beattie W.S., et al. Risk associated with preoperative anemia in cardiac surgery: A multicenter cohort study. Circulation2008;117:478-84.
29. Miceli A., Romeo F., Glauber M., et al. Preoperative anemia increases mortality and postoperative morbidity after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg2014;9:137.
30. Ranucci M., Aronson S., Dietrich W., et al. Patient blood management during cardiac surgery: Do we have enough evidence for clinical practice?J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2011;142:249.e1-232.
31. Stover E.P., Siegel L.C., Parks R., et al. Variability in transfusion practice for coronary artery bypass surgery persists despite national consensus guidelines: A 24-institution study. Institutions of the Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group. Anesthesiolog.1998;88:327-33.
32. Cabana M.D., Rand C.S., Powe N.R., et al. Why don't physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement. JAMA1999;282:1458-65.
33. Likosky D.S., FitzGerald D.C., Groom R.C., et al. Effect of the perioperative blood transfusion and blood conservation in cardiac surgery clinical practice guidelines of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists upon clinical practices. Anesth Analg2010;111:316-23.
34. D'Agostino R.S., Jacobs J.P., Badhwar V., et al. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons adult cardiac surgery database: 2018 Update on outcomes and quality. Ann Thorac Surg2018;105:15-23.
35. D'Agostino R.S., Jacobs J.P., Badhwar V., et al. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons adult cardiac surgery database: 2017 Update on outcomes and quality. Ann Thorac Surg2017;103:18-24.
36. Mazer C.D., Whitlock R.P., Fergusson D.A., et al. Restrictive or liberal red-cell transfusion for cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med2017;377:2133-44.
37. Ranucci M., Baryshnikova E., Pistuddi V., et al. The effectiveness of 10 years of interventions to control postoperative bleeding in adult cardiac surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2017;24:196-202.
38. Weber C.F., Gorlinger K., Meininger D., et al. Point-of-care testing: a prospective, randomized clinical trial of efficacy in coagulopathic cardiac surgery patients. Anesthesiology2012;117:531-47.
39. Gorlinger K., Fries D., Dirkmann D., et al. Reduction of fresh frozen plasma requirements by perioperative point-of-care coagulation management with early calculated goal-directed therapy. Transfus Med Hemother2012;39:104-13.
40. Karkouti K., Callum J., Wijeysundera D.N., et al. Point-of-care hemostatic testing in cardiac surgery: A stepped-wedge clustered randomized controlled trial. Circulation2016;134:1152-62.
41. Girdauskas E., Kempfert J., Kuntze T., et al. Thromboelastometrically guided transfusion protocol during aortic surgery with circulatory arrest: A prospective, randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2010;140:1117-24.e1112.
42. Muehlschlegel J.D., Burrage P.S., Ngai J.Y., et al. Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists/European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthetists practice advisory for the management of perioperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg2019;128:33-42.
43. Schwann N.M., Engstrom R.H., Shernan S.K., et al. Clinical practice improvement: Mind the gap or fall into the chasm. Anesth Analg2019;128:19-20.
44. Jones J., Hunter D.Consensus methods for medical and health services research. BMJ1995;311:376-80.
45. Hillis L.D., Smith P.K., Anderson J.L., et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation2011;124:e652-735.
46. Gielen C.L., Grimbergen J., Klautz R.J., et al. Fibrinogen reduction and coagulation in cardiac surgery: An investigational study. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis2015;26:613-20.
47. Gielen C.L.I., Brand A., van Heerde W.L., et al. Hemostatic alterations during coronary artery bypass grafting. Thromb Res2016;140:140-6.
48. Fergusson D.A., Hebert P.C., Mazer C.D., et al. A comparison of aprotinin and lysine analogues in high-risk cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med2008;358:2319-31.
49. Faraoni D., Cacheux C., Van Aelbrouck C., et al. Effect of two doses of tranexamic acid on fibrinolysis evaluated by thromboelastography during cardiac surgery: A randomised, controlled study. Eur J Anaesthesiol2014;31:491-8.
50. Myles P.S., Smith J.A., Forbes A., et al. Tranexamic acid in patients undergoing coronary-artery surgery. N Engl J Med2017;376:136-48.
51. Levy J.H., Sniecinski R.M.Prohemostatic treatment in cardiac surgery. Semin Thromb Hemost2012;38:237-43.
52. Sniecinski R.M., Levy J.H.Bleeding and management of coagulopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2011;142:662-7.
53. Dai L., Mick S.L., McCrae K.R., et al. Preoperative anemia in cardiac operation: Does hemoglobin tell the whole story?Ann Thorac Surg2018;105:100-7.
54. LaPar D.J., Hawkins R.B., McMurry T.L., et al. Preoperative anemia versus blood transfusion: Which is the culprit for worse outcomes in cardiac surgery?J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2018;156:66-74.e62.
55. von Heymann C., Kaufner L., Sander M., et al. Does the severity of preoperative anemia or blood transfusion have a stronger impact on long-term survival after cardiac surgery?J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2016;152:1412-20.
56. Kim C.J., Connell H., McGeorge A.D., et al. Prevalence of preoperative anaemia in patients having first-time cardiac surgery and its impact on clinical outcome. A retrospective observational study. Perfusion2015;30:277-83.
57. Garrido-Martin P., Nassar-Mansur M.I., de la Llana-Ducros R., et al. The effect of intravenous and oral iron administration on perioperative anaemia and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2012;15:1013-8.
58. Johansson P.I., Rasmussen A.S., Thomsen L.L.Intravenous iron isomaltoside 1000 (Monofer(R)) reduces postoperative anaemia in preoperatively non-anaemic patients undergoing elective or subacute coronary artery bypass graft, valve replacement or a combination thereof: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial (the PROTECT trial). Vox Sang2015;109:257-66.
59. Despotis G.J., Levine V., Joist J.H., et al. Antithrombin III during cardiac surgery: Effect on response of activated clotting time to heparin and relationship to markers of hemostatic activation. Anesth Analg1997;85:498-506.
60. Kanbak M.The treatment of heparin resistance with Antithrombin III in cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth1999;46:581-5.
61. Avidan M.S., Levy J.H., van Aken H., et al. Recombinant human antithrombin III restores heparin responsiveness and decreases activation of coagulation in heparin-resistant patients during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2005;130:107-13.
62. Avidan M.S., Levy J.H., Scholz J., et al. A phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study on the efficacy of recombinant human antithrombin in heparin-resistant patients scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology2005;102:276-84.
63. van Boven W.J., Gerritsen W.B., Waanders F.G., et al. Mini extracorporeal circuit for coronary artery bypass grafting: Initial clinical and biochemical results: A comparison with conventional and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafts concerning global oxidative stress and alveolar function. Perfusion2004;19:239-46.
64. Beghi C., Nicolini F., Agostinelli A., et al. Mini-cardiopulmonary bypass system: Results of a prospective randomized study. Ann Thorac Surg2006;81:1396-400.
65. Ohata T., Mitsuno M., Yamamura M., et al. Beneficial effects of mini-cardiopulmonary bypass on hemostasis in coronary artery bypass grafting: Analysis of inflammatory response and hemodilution. ASAIO J2008;54:207-9.
66. Benedetto U., Luciani R., Goracci M., et al. Miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass and acute kidney injury in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ann Thorac Surg2009;88:529-35.
67. Anastasiadis K., Antonitsis P., Haidich A.B., et al. Use of minimal extracorporeal circulation improves outcome after heart surgery; a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Cardiol2013;164:158-69.
68. Harling L., Warren O.J., Martin A., et al. Do miniaturized extracorporeal circuits confer significant clinical benefit without compromising safety? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ASAIO J2011;57:141-51.
69. Hou X., Yang F., Liu R., et al. Retrograde autologous priming of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit reduces blood transfusion in small adults: A prospective, randomized trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol2009;26:1061-6.
70. Saczkowski R., Bernier P.L., Tchervenkov C.I., et al. Retrograde autologous priming and allogeneic blood transfusions: A meta-analysis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2009;8:373-6.
71. Sun P., Ji B., Sun Y., et al. Effects of retrograde autologous priming on blood transfusion and clinical outcomes in adults: A meta-analysis. Perfusion2013;28:238-43.
72. Luciani G.B., Menon T., Vecchi B., et al. Modified ultrafiltration reduces morbidity after adult cardiac operations: A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Circulation2001;104:I253-9.
73. Boodhwani M., Williams K., Babaev A., et al. Ultrafiltration reduces blood transfusions following cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg2006;30:892-7.
74. Zhou Z.F., Jia X.P., Sun K., et al. Mild volume acute normovolemic hemodilution is associated with lower intraoperative transfusion and postoperative pulmonary infection in patients undergoing cardiac surgery – a retrospective, propensity matching study. BMC Anesthesiol2017;17:13.
75. Barile L., Fominskiy E., Di Tomasso N., et al. Acute normovolemic hemodilution reduces allogeneic red blood cell transfusion in cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesth Analg2017;124:743-52.
76. Goldberg J., Paugh T.A., Dickinson T.A., et al. Greater volume of acute normovolemic hemodilution may aid in reducing blood transfusions after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg2015;100:1581-7; discussion 1587.
77. Shore-Lesserson L., Manspeizer H.E., DePerio M., et al. Thromboelastography-guided transfusion algorithm reduces transfusions in complex cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg1999;88:312-9.
78. Gorlinger K., Dirkmann D., Solomon C., et al. Fast interpretation of thromboelastometry in non-cardiac surgery: Reliability in patients with hypo-, normo-, and hypercoagulability. Br J Anaesth2013;110:222-30.
79. Hanke A.A., Herold U., Dirkmann D., et al. Thromboelastometry based early goal-directed coagulation management reduces blood transfusion requirements, adverse events, and costs in acute type A aortic dissection: A pilot study. Transfus Med Hemother2012;39:121-8.
80. Bolliger D., Tanaka K.A.Point-of-care coagulation testing in cardiac surgery. Semin Thromb Hemost2017;43:386-96.
81. Bolliger D., Tanaka K.A.Roles of thrombelastography and thromboelastometry for patient blood management in cardiac surgery. Transfus Med Rev2013;27:213-20.
82. Gurbel P.A., Bliden K.P., Tantry U.S., et al. First report of the point-of-care TEG: A technical validation study of the TEG-6S system. Platelets2016;27:642-9.
83. Myles P.S., Smith J.A., Forbes A., et al. Stopping vs. continuing aspirin before coronary artery surgery. N Engl J Med2016;374:728-37.
84. Malm C.J., Hansson E.C., Akesson J., et al. Preoperative platelet function predicts perioperative bleeding complications in ticagrelor-treated cardiac surgery patients: A prospective observational study. Br J Anaesth2016;117:309-15.
85. Hansson E.C., Jeppsson A.Platelet inhibition and bleeding complications in cardiac surgery: A review. Scand Cardiovasc J2016;50:349-54.
86. Ranucci M., Colella D., Baryshnikova E., et al. Effect of preoperative P2Y12 and thrombin platelet receptor inhibition on bleeding after cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth2014;113:970-6.
87. Gherli R., Mariscalco G., Dalen M., et al. Safety of preoperative use of ticagrelor with or without aspirin compared with aspirin alone in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. JAMA Cardiol2016;1:921-8.
88. Mahla E., Suarez T.A., Bliden K.P., et al. Platelet function measurement-based strategy to reduce bleeding and waiting time in clopidogrel-treated patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: The timing based on platelet function strategy to reduce clopidogrel-associated bleeding related to CABG (TARGET-CABG) study. Circ Cardiovasc Interv2012;5:261-9.
89. Bedeir K., Bliden K., Tantry U., et al. Timing of coronary bypass surgery in patients receiving clopidogrel: The Role of VerifyNow. Can J Cardiol2016;32:724-5.
90. Mahla E., Prueller F., Farzi S., et al. Does platelet reactivity predict bleeding in patients needing urgent coronary artery bypass grafting during dual antiplatelet therapy?Ann Thorac Surg2016;102:2010-7.
91. Mazer C.D., Whitlock R.P., Fergusson D.A., et al. Six-month outcomes after restrictive or liberal transfusion for cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med2018;379:1224-33.
92. Mueller M.M., Van Remoortel H., Meybohm P., et al. Patient blood management: Recommendations From the 2018 Frankfurt Consensus Conference. JAMA2019;321:983-97.
93. Carless P.A., Henry D.A., Moxey A.J., et al. Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2010;CD001888.
94. Vonk A.B., Meesters M.I., Garnier R.P., et al. Intraoperative cell salvage is associated with reduced postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements in cardiac surgery: A cohort study. Transfusion2013;53:2782-9.
95. Weltert L., Nardella S., Rondinelli M.B., et al. Reduction of allogeneic red blood cell usage during cardiac surgery by an integrated intra- and postoperative blood salvage strategy: Results of a randomized comparison. Transfusion2013;53:790-7.
96. Engels G.E., van Klarenbosch J., Gu Y.J., et al. Intraoperative cell salvage during cardiac surgery is associated with reduced postoperative lung injury. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2016;22:298-304.
97. Desborough M., Sandu R., Brunskill S.J., et al. Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2015;CD007614.
98. Casbard A.C., Williamson L.M., Murphy M.F., et al. The role of prophylactic fresh frozen plasma in decreasing blood loss and correcting coagulopathy in cardiac surgery. A systematic review. Anaesthesia2004;59:550-8.
99. Yang L., Stanworth S., Hopewell S., et al. Is fresh-frozen plasma clinically effective? An update of a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Transfusion2012;52:1673-86; quiz 1673.
100. Goldstein J.N., Refaai M.A., Milling T.J. Jr, et al. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate versus plasma for rapid vitamin K antagonist reversal in patients needing urgent surgical or invasive interventions: A phase 3b, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial. Lancet2015;385:2077-87.
101. Arnekian V., Camous J., Fattal S., et al. Use of prothrombin complex concentrate for excessive bleeding after cardiac surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2012;15:382-9.
102. Cappabianca G., Mariscalco G., Biancari F., et al. Safety and efficacy of prothrombin complex concentrate as first-line treatment in bleeding after cardiac surgery. Crit Care2016;20:5.
103. Ortmann E., Besser M.W., Sharples L.D., et al. An exploratory cohort study comparing prothrombin complex concentrate and fresh frozen plasma for the treatment of coagulopathy after complex cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg2015;121:26-33.
104. Fitzgerald J., Lenihan M., Callum J., et al. Use of prothrombin complex concentrate for management of coagulopathy after cardiac surgery: A propensity score matched comparison to plasma. Br J Anaesth2018;120:928-34.
105. Tanaka K.A., Esper S., Bolliger D.Perioperative factor concentrate therapy. Br J Anaesth2013;111Suppl 1:i35-49.
106. Ghadimi K., Levy J.H., Welsby I.J.Prothrombin complex concentrates for bleeding in the perioperative setting. Anesth Analg2016;122:1287-300.
107. Kumar A., Mhaskar R., Grossman B.J., et al. Platelet transfusion: A systematic review of the clinical evidence. Transfusion2015;55:1116-27; quiz 1115.
108. Levi M., Cromheecke M.E., de Jonge E., et al. Pharmacological strategies to decrease excessive blood loss in cardiac surgery: A meta-analysis of clinically relevant endpoints. Lancet1999;354:1940-7.
109. Wademan B.H., Galvin S.D.Desmopressin for reducing postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements following cardiac surgery in adults. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2014;18:360-70.
110. Crescenzi G., Landoni G., Biondi-Zoccai G., et al. Desmopressin reduces transfusion needs after surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Anesthesiology2008;109:1063-76.
111. Desborough M.J., Oakland K.A., Landoni G., et al. Desmopressin for treatment of platelet dysfunction and reversal of antiplatelet agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Thromb Haemost2017;15:263-72.
112. Karlsson M., Ternstrom L., Hyllner M., et al. Plasma fibrinogen level, bleeding, and transfusion after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: A prospective observational study. Transfusion2008;48:2152-8.
113. Karkouti K., Callum J., Crowther M.A., et al. The relationship between fibrinogen levels after cardiopulmonary bypass and large volume red cell transfusion in cardiac surgery: An observational study. Anesth Analg2013;117:14-22.
114. Rahe-Meyer N., Solomon C., Hanke A., et al. Effects of fibrinogen concentrate as first-line therapy during major aortic replacement surgery: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Anesthesiology2013;118:40-50.
115. Ranucci M., Baryshnikova E., Crapelli G.B., et al. Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of fibrinogen concentrate supplementation after complex cardiac surgery. J Am Heart Assoc2015;4:e002066.
116. Bilecen S., de Groot J.A., Kalkman C.J., et al. Effect of fibrinogen concentrate on intraoperative blood loss among patients with intraoperative bleeding during high-risk cardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA2017;317:738-47.
117. Rahe-Meyer N., Levy J.H., Mazer C.D., et al. Randomized evaluation of fibrinogen vs placebo in complex cardiovascular surgery (REPLACE): A double-blind phase III study of haemostatic therapy. Br J Anaesth2016;117:41-51.
118. Li J.Y., Gong J., Zhu F., et al. Fibrinogen concentrate in cardiovascular surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anesth Analg2018;127:612-21.
119. Shaw A.D., Stafford-Smith M., White W.D., et al. The effect of aprotinin on outcome after coronary-artery bypass grafting. N Engl J Med2008;358:784-93.
120. Ker K., Edwards P., Perel P., et al. Effect of tranexamic acid on surgical bleeding: Systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis. BMJ2012;344:e3054.
121. Henry D.A., Carless P.A., Moxey A.J., et al. Anti-fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011;CD001886.
122. Karkouti K., Beattie W.S., Wijeysundera D.N., et al. Recombinant factor VIIa for intractable blood loss after cardiac surgery: A propensity score-matched case-control analysis. Transfusion2005;45:26-34.
123. Karkouti K., Beattie W.S., Arellano R., et al. Comprehensive Canadian review of the off-label use of recombinant activated factor VII in cardiac surgery. Circulation2008;118:331-8.
124. Gill R., Herbertson M., Vuylsteke A., et al. Safety and efficacy of recombinant activated factor VII: A randomized placebo-controlled trial in the setting of bleeding after cardiac surgery. Circulation2009;120:21-7.
125. Levi M., Levy J.H., Andersen H.F., et al. Safety of recombinant activated factor VII in randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med2010;363:1791-800.