EU security governance

EU security governance

Volumn , Issue , 2018, Pages 1-280

  Kirchner, Emil ^a   Sperling, James ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ESSEX   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AKRON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85063636093     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (241)

1. Adler, E. and Barnett, M.N. (1998) 'A framework for the study of security communities', in E. Adler and M. Barnett, Security Communities (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
2. Albrecht, U. et al. (2004) 'A Human Security Doctrine for Europe: The Barcelona Report of the Study Group on Europe's Security Capabilities', Barcelona, 15 September 2004, available at www.cercle.lu/article.php3?id_article=588 (accessed 13 September 2005).
3. Alecu de Flers, N. and Regelsberger, E. (2005) 'The EU and inter-regional cooperation', in C. Hill and M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
4. Aliboni, R. (2004) 'Common languages on democracy in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership', EuroMeSCo Paper, 31.
5. Babarinde, O. and Faber, G. (2004) 'From Lomé to Cotonou: Business as usual?', European Foreign Affairs Review, 9:1.
6. Baldwin, D. (1997) 'The concept of security', Review of International Studies, 32:1.
7. Barnett, M. and Duvall, R. (2005) Power in Global Governance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
8. Baumann, R., Rittberger, V. and Wagner, W. (2001) 'Neorealist foreign policy theory', in V. Rittberger, German Foreign Policy since Unification: Theories and Case Studies (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
9. Béchat, J.-P. and Rohatyn, F. G. (2003) The Future of the Transatlantic Defense Community (Washington, DC: CSIS).
10. Bertram, C., Boyer, Y., Heisbourg, F. and Schild, J. (2002) Starting Over: For a Franco-German Initiative in European Defence (Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik).
11. Bianchini, S., Marko, J., Craig, R., Privitera, F. and Uvalie, M. (2006) 'Concluding remarks of the Forli International Conference', Forli, 20-21 January 2006.
12. Bildt, C. (2005) 'Europe Must Keep Its Soft Power', Financial Times, 1 June 2005, available at www.christusrex.org/www1/news/ft-6-1-05b.html (accessed 12 August 2006).
13. Biscop, S. (2005) The European Security Strategy: A Global Agenda for Positive Power (Aldershot: Ashgate).
14. Biscop, S. (2004) 'The European Security Strategy: Implementing a distinctive approach to security', Sécurité & Stratégie, paper 82.
15. Boin, A. and Rhinard, M. (2005) 'Shocks without frontiers: Transnational breakdowns and critical accidents', EPC Issue Paper, 42.
16. Boulding, K. (1962) Conflict and Defence (New York: Harper and Row).
17. Brenner, M. (2002) 'Europe's new security vocation', McNair Paper, 66 (Washington, DC: Institute for National Strategic Studies and National Defense University).
18. Bulletin Quotidien Europe (2005a) 'European Parliament resolution on the annual report from the Council of to the European Parliament on the main aspects and basic choices of CFSP, including the financial implications for the general budget of the European Communities', Europe Documents, 22 April 2005.
19. Bulletin Quotidien Europe (2005b) '(EU)EU/Iran/Nuclear: Hassan Rowhani recommends EU-3 to not rule out the Iranian Proposal on limited uranium enrichment activities, in effort to keep negotiations on track', 21 April 2005.
20. Bulletin Quotidien Europe (2005c) '(EU)EU/Iran/Nuclear: Iranians believe new negotiations steering committee meeting should allow for progress', 29 April 2005.
21. Bulmer, S., Jeffery, C. and Paterson, W. E. (2000) Germany's European Diplomacy: Shaping the Regional Milieu (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
22. Bundeswehr (2004) 'Finanzplanung Einzelplan 14', available at www.bundeswehr.de/pic/forces/040623_500_finanzplan114.gif (accessed 17 November 2004).
23. Busek, E. (2004) 'Presentation at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Delivered at Chatham House', London, 17 December, available at www.stabilitypact.org/pages/speeches/detail.asp?y=2004&p=16 (accessed 12 August 2006).
24. Buzan, B., Wæver, O. and de Wilde, J. (1998) Security: A New Framework for Analysis (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).
25. Cameron, F. and Rhein, E. (2005) 'Promoting political and economic reform in the Mediterranean and Middle East', EPC Issue Paper, 33.
26. Caporaso, J. (2000) 'Changes in the Westphalian order: Territory, public authority, and sovereignty', International Studies Review (Special Issue: Continuity and Change in the Westphalian Order), 2:2.
27. Caporaso, J. (1996) 'The European Union and forms of state: Westphalian, regulatory or post-modern?', Journal of Common Market Studies, 34:1.
28. Chauvet, L. and Collier, P. (2004) Development Effectiveness in Fragile States: Spillovers and Turnarounds (Oxford: Oxford University Centre for the Study of African Economies).
29. Checkel, J. T. (1998) 'The constructivist turn in international relations theory', World Politics, 50:2.
30. Christensen, T. J. and Snyder, J. (1990) 'Chain gangs and passed bucks: Predicting alliance patterns in multipolarity', International Organization, 44:2.
31. Congressional Budget Office (2003) Congressional Budget FY 2003: National Nuclear Security (Washington, DC: GPO).
32. Cooper, R. (2003) The Breaking of Nations: Order and Chaos in the Twentyfirst Century (London: Atlantic Books).
33. Cottey, A. and Averre, D. (2002) New Security Challenges in Postcommunist Europe: Securing Europe's East (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
34. Cottey, A., Edwards, T. and Forster, A. (2002) 'Beyond Prague', NATO Review, 50:3.
35. Cronin, D. (2005) 'UN fears battle groups will cut numbers of EU peacekeepers', European Voice, 26 May-1 June: 6.
36. Dannreuther, R. (2004) European Union Foreign and Security Policy: Towards a Neighbourhood Strategy (London: Taylor and Francis).
37. Den Boer, M. and Monar, J. (2002) 'Keynote article: 11 September and the challenge of global terrorism to the EU as a security actor', Journal of Common Market Studies, 40: annual review.
38. de Wijk, R. (2000) 'Convergence criteria: Measuring input or output', European Foreign Affairs Review, 5:3.
39. Dekker-Bellamy, J. S. (2004) 'Defining a European approach to preventing bioterrorism: Health security policy in the 21st century', New Defence Agenda Background Report (Bioterrorism Reporting Group).
40. Economist, The (2006) 'Germany's armed forces: Abroad, by inches', 29 July 2006.
41. Edwards, G. (1997) 'The potential and limits of the CFSP: The Yugoslav example', in E. Regelsberger, P. de Schoutheete and W. Wessels, Foreign Policy of the European Union (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).
42. Egmont Group (2004) Statement of Purpose, Guernsey, 23 June 2004.
43. Egmont Group (2001) Principles for Information Exchange between Financial Intelligence Units for Money Laundering Cases, The Hague, 13 June 2001.
44. Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, E. and Verdier, D. (2005) 'European integration as a solution to war', European Journal of International Relations, 11:1.
45. Ekengren, M., Matzén, N. and Svantesson, M. (2006) The New Security Role of the European Union: Transnational Crisis Management and the Protection of Union Citizens (Stockholm: National Defence College).
46. Embassy of France in the United States (2005) 'Reform of French National Defense', at www.ambafrance-us.org/atoz/ref_def.asp (accessed 16 August 2006).
47. Embassy of France in the United States (2002) 'French Defense Overview', available at www.ambafrance-us.org/intheus/defense/defense.asp (accessed 16 August 2006).
48. 'EU-US Declaration on Combating Terrorism', Dromoland Castle, 26 June 2004.
49. G8, 'G8 Counter-Terrorism Cooperation since September 11', available at http: //www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2002/coop_terro.html.
50. Everts, S (2004) 'The ultimate test case: Can Europe and America forge a joint strategy for the wider Middle East?', International Affairs, 80:4.
51. Falk, R. (2002) 'Revisiting Westphalia, discovering post-Westphalia', Journal of Ethics, 6:4.
52. Faria, F. (2004) 'Crisis management in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of the European Union', ISS-EU Occasional Paper, 51 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
53. Ferrero-Waldner, B. (2005) 'The role of crisis response in external relations: From needs to solutions: Enhancing civilian crisis response capacity of the European Union', speech/05/684, Brussels, 14 November 2005.
54. Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (2004) Annual Report, 2003-2004 (Paris: OECD).
55. Fuller, T. (2004) 'EU Looks on Warily as Its Eastern Neighbours Move In: Under One Flag', The International Herald Tribune, 29 April 2004 (accessed via Lexis-Nexis Executive).
56. G8 (2002) 'G8 Counter-terrorism Cooperation since September 11', available at www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2002/coop_terro.html (accessed 15 July 2005).
57. Gilpin, R. (1981) War and Change in World Politics (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
58. Goertz, G. (1994) Contexts of International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
59. Gomez, R. and G. Christou (2004) 'Economic foreign policy: The EU and the Mediterranean', in W. Carlsnaes, H. Sjursen, and B. White, Contemporary European Foreign Policy (London: Sage).
60. Gonzales, K. W. (2004) 'Good fences make good neighbours: Ukrainian border security and western assistance', Problems of Post-Communism, 51:1.
61. Gouvras, G. (2002) 'Bioterrorism: Action by the European Community', European Health Forum Gastein, 25-28 September.
62. Graham, K. (2004) 'Towards effective multilateralism. The EU and the UN: Partners in crisis management', EPC Working Paper, 13.
63. Green, P. (1966) Deadly Logic: The Theory of Nuclear Deterrence (Columbus: Ohio State University Press).
64. Haine, J.-Y. (2003) 'From Laeken to Copenhagen. European Defence: Core documents, vol. III', Chaillot Paper, 57 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
65. Hall, R. and Fox, C. (2001/2002) 'Rethinking security', NATO Review, 49:4.
66. Hampton, M. (1998/1999) 'NATO, Germany, and the United States: Creating positive identity in trans-Atlantia', Security Studies (special double issue), 8:2/3.
67. Hampton, M. and Sperling, J. (2002) 'Positive/negative identity: Europe's future, Germany's past?', Journal of European Integration, 24:4.
68. Hänggi, H. and Tanner, F. (2005) 'Promoting security sector governance in the EU's neighborhood', EU-ISS Chaillot Paper, 80.
69. Hanrieder, W. F. (1989) Germany, Europe, America: The Foreign Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949-1989 (New Haven: Yale University Press).
70. Hanrieder, W. F. (1978) 'Dissolving international politics: Reflections on the nation-state', American Political Science Review, 72:4.
71. Harnisch, S. and Linden, R. (2005) 'German foreign policy', Dialogue, 6:17.
72. Hartley, K. (2006) 'Defence industrial policy in a military alliance', Journal of Peace Research, 43:4.
73. Heisbourg, F., Daguzan, J.-F., Lundmark, M. and Masson, H. (2003) 'The European industrial base and ESDP', in F. Heisbourg et al., Prospects on the European Defence Industry (Athens: Defence Analysis Institute).
74. Herz, J. H. (1957) 'The rise and demise of the territorial state', World Politics, 9:4.
75. Hill, C. (2001) 'The EU's Capacity for Conflict Prevention', European Foreign Affairs Review, 6:3.
76. Hill, C. (1994) 'The capabilities-expectations gap, or conceptualizing Europe's international role', in S. Bulmer and A. Scott, Economic and Political Integration in Europe (Oxford: Blackwell).
77. Hill, C. (1993) 'The capability-expectations gap, or conceptualizing Europe's international role', Journal of Common Market Studies, 31:3.
78. Hill, C. and Smith, M. (2005) 'Acting for Europe? Reassessing international relations and the EU', in C. Hill and M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
79. Hoffmann, S. (1998) World Disorders: Troubled Peace in the Post-Cold War Era (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.).
80. Holsti, K. J. (1991) Peace and War: Armed Conflicts and International Order, 1648-1989 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
81. Hombach, B. (1999) 'The Stability Pact: Breaking new ground in the Balkans', NATO Review, 47:4.
82. Hooghe, L. and Marks, G. (2003) 'Unraveling the central state, but how? Types of multi-level governance', American Political Science Review, 97:2.
83. Hopf, Ted (1998) 'The promise of constructivism in international relations theory', International Security, 23:1.
84. House of Lords/Select Committee on European Union (2005) 'Fourth Report: EU Battlegroups', 19 February 2005, available at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/1d200506/1dselect/1deucom/16/16100.htm (accessed 19 July 2006)._rfcollab House of Lords/Select Committee on European Union
85. Howorth, J. (2003) 'Why ESDP is necessary and beneficial for the Alliance', in J. Howorth and J. T. S. Keeler, Defending Europe: The EU, NATO and the Quest for Autonomy (Basingstoke: Palgrave).
86. IAEA (2003) 'Nuclear security: Measures to protect against nuclear terrorism', GC(47)17, 20 August 2003.
87. IAEA (2002) 'Nuclear security: Progress on measures to protect against nuclear terrorism', GOV/INF/2002/11-GC(46)/14, 12 August 2002.
88. IAEA (n.d.) 'IAEA Illicit Trafficking Database (ITDB)'.
89. Ideas Factory Europe (2004) 'European security: No strategy without politics', European Policy Centre Ideas Factory Report, 4.
90. IISS (2003) The Military Balance, 2003-2004 (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
91. Jepperson, R., Wendt, A. and Katzenstein, P. J. (1996) 'Norms, identity, culture and national security', in P. J. Katzenstein, The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics (New York: Columbia University Press).
92. Jervis, Robert (2002) 'Theories of war in an era of leading power peace', American Political Science Review, 96:1.
93. Jimeno-Bulnes, M. (2003) ' European judicial cooperation in criminal matters', European Law Journal, 9:5.
94. Judah, T. (2006) 'The EU must keep its promise to the Western Balkans', Centre for European Reform essays, July 2006.
95. Justice and Home Affairs Council (2006) 'First report on the Hague Programme'.
96. Kagan, R. (2003) Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order (New York: Knopf).
97. Keohane, R. (2001) 'Governance in a partially globalized world', American Political Science Review, 95:1.
98. Keohane, R. (1988) 'International institutions: Two approaches', International Studies Quarterly, 32:4.
99. Kirchner, E. J. (2007) 'EU: The European Security Strategy versus national preferences', in E. J. Kirchner and J. Sperling, Global Security Governance: Competing Perceptions of Security in the 21st Century (London: Routledge).
100. Kirchner, E. J. (2006) 'The challenge of European Union security governance', Journal of Common Market Studies, 44:5.
101. Kirchner, E. J. and Sperling, J. (2007) Global Security Governance: Competing Perceptions of Security in the 21st Century (London: Routledge).
102. Kirchner, E. J. and Sperling, J. (2002) 'The new security threats in Europe: Theory and evidence', European Foreign Affairs Review, 7:4.
103. Knaus G. and Cox, M. (2004) 'Bosnia and Herzegovina: Europeanisation by decree', Chaillot Paper, 70 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
104. Koremenos, B., Lipson, C. and Snidal, D. (2001) 'The rational design of international institutions', International Organization, 55:4.
105. Krahmann, E. (2003) 'Conceptualising security governance', Cooperation and Conflict, 38:1.
106. Krasner, S. D. (2001) 'Abiding sovereignty', International Political Science Review, 22:3.
107. Krasner, S. D. (1999) Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
108. Krasner, S. D. (1995/1996) 'Compromising Westphalia', International Security, 20:3.
109. Krasner, S. D. and Pascual, C. (2005) 'Addressing state failure', Foreign Affairs, 84:4.
110. Krause, K. (1998) 'Theorising security, state formation and the "third world" in the post-Cold War world', Review of International Studies, 24:1.
111. Laffan, B., O'Donnell, R. and Smith, M. (2000) Europe's Experimental Union: Rethinking Integration (London: Routledge).
112. Langer, W. L. (1950) European Alliances and Alignments (New York: Random House, 2nd edn).
113. Lehne, S. (2004) 'Has the "hour of Europe" come at last? The EU's strategy for the Balkans', Chaillot Paper, 70 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
114. Leonard, M. and Gowan, R. (2004) 'Global Europe: Implementing the Security Strategy', Foreign Policy Centre Articles, available at http://fpc.org.uk/fsblob/ 187.pdf (accessed 7 August 2006).
115. Lindley-French, J. (2002) 'In the shade of Locarno: Why European defence is failing', International Affairs, 78:4.
116. Lindstrom, G. (2005) 'EU-US burdensharing: Who does what', EU-ISS Chaillot Paper, 82 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
117. Lindstrom, G. (2004) 'Protecting the European homeland: The CBR dimension', EU-ISS Chaillot Paper, 69 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
118. Liska, G. (1962) Nations in Alliance: The Limits of Interdependence (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).
119. Longhurst, K. and Zaborowski, M. (2005) Old Europe, New Europe and the Transatlantic Security Agenda (London: Routledge).
120. Lynch, D. (2003) 'The South Caucasus: A challenge for Europe', Chaillot Paper, 65 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
121. Macdonald, N. and Wagstyl, S. (2007) 'UN's Kosovo compromise leaves both sides frustrated', Financial Times 13 February 2007.
122. Macfarlane, N. (2004) 'The Caucasus and Central Asia: Towards a non-strategy', in R. Dannreuther, European Union Foreign and Security Policy: Towards a Neighbourhood Strategy (London: Routledge).
123. March, J. G. and Olsen, J. P. (1998) 'The institutional dynamics of international political orders', International Organization, 52:4.
124. Martenczuk, B. (2000) 'From Lomé to Cotonou: The ACP-EC Partnership Agreement in a legal perspective', European Foreign Affairs Review, 5:4.
125. Martin, L. L. and Simmons, B. A. (1998) 'Theories and empirical studies of international institutions', International Organization, 52:4.
126. Matlary, J. H. (2006) 'When soft power turns hard: Is an EU strategic culture possible?', Security Dialogue, 27:1.
127. Maull, H. W. (2005) 'Europe and the new balance of global order', International Affairs, 81:4.
128. Meiers, F.-J. (1999) 'A German defence review', in G. Wilson, European Force Structures, Occasional Paper, 8 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
129. Menon, A. (2003) 'Why ESDP is misguided and dangerous to the Alliance', in J. Howorth and J. T. S. Keeler, Defending Europe: The EU, NATO and the Quest for European Autonomy (Basingstoke: Palgrave).
130. Merlinger, M. and Ostrauskaite, R. (2005) 'ESDP police missions: Meaning, context and operational challenges', European Foreign Affairs Review, 10:2.
131. Meyer, C. O. (2005) 'Convergence towards a European Strategic Culture? A constructivist framework for explaining changing norms', European Journal of International Relations, 11:4.
132. Ministry of Defence (2003) 'Delivering security in a changing world: Defence white paper', London, December 2003, cmnd 6041.
133. Ministry of Defence (2002) 'The Strategic Defence Review: A new chapter, Volume 1', London, July 2002, cmnd 5566.
134. Ministry of Defence (1998) 'Strategic Defence Review', July 1998, cmnd3999, available at www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/AboutDefence/CorporatePublications/ PolicyStrategyandPlanning/StrategicDefenceReview.htm (accessed 17 August 2006).
135. Missiroli, A. (2004) 'The EU and its changing neighbourhood: Stabilization, integration and partnership', in R. Dannreuther, European Union Foreign and Security Policy: Towards a Neighbourhood Strategy (London: Routledge).
136. Missiroli, A. (2003a) 'From Copenhagen to Brussels. European defence: Core documents, vol. III', Chaillot Paper, 67 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
137. Missiroli, A. (2003b) 'Ploughshares into swords? More euros for European defence', European Foreign Affairs Review, 8:1.
138. Mitrakas, A. (2006) 'Information security and law in Europe: Risks checked?', Information and Communications Technology Law, 15:1.
139. Monaco, A. (2004) 'Bosnia: The litmus-test for the NATO-EU strategic relationship?', ISIS Europe, 6:2.
140. Monar, J. (2004) 'Justice and Home Affairs', Journal of Common Market Studies, 42: Annual Review.
141. Mörth, U. and Britz, M. (2004) 'European integration as organizing: The case of armaments', Journal of Common Market Studies, 52:5.
142. Most, B. A. and Starr, H. (1980) 'Diffusion, reinforcement, geopolitics, and the spread of war', American Political Science Review, 74:4.
143. Müller-Wille, B. (2004) 'For our eyes only? Shaping an intelligence community with the EU', Occasional Paper, 50 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
144. NATO (2003a) 'Table 3: Defence Expenditures as % of Gross Domestic Product', available at www.nato.int/docu/pr/2003/table3.pdf (accessed 17 November 2004).
145. NATO (2003b) 'Table 5. Distribution of Total Defence Expenditures by Category', available at www.nato.int/docu/pr/2003/table5.pdf (accessed 17 November 2004).
146. NATO (2002) 'Statement on capabilities', 6 June 2002, press release (2002)074.
147. North Atlantic Council (1999) 'The alliance strategic concept', Washington, DC, 23-24 April.
148. North Atlantic Council (1991), 'The new strategic concept', Rome, 7-8 November.
149. Nuttall, S. (2005) 'Coherence and consistency', in C. Hill and M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
150. Nuttal, S. (1992) European Political Cooperation (Oxford: Clarendon).
151. Ojanen, H. (2006) 'The EU and the UN: A shared future', FIIA Report, 13.
152. Ortega, M. (2005) 'The European Union and the United Nations: Partners in effective multilateralism', Chaillot Paper, 78 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
153. OSCE (1999) 'Istanbul Document: Charter for European Security', Istanbul, November 1999, available at www.osce.org/documents/mcs/1999/11/4050_ en.pdf (accessed 23 June 2004).
154. Osgood, R. E. (1962) NATO: The Entangling Alliance (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
155. Osiander, A. (2001) 'Sovereignty, international relations, and the Westphalian myth', International Organization, 55:2.
156. Paris, R. (2004) At War's End: Building Peace after Civil Conflict (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
157. Paterson, W.E. (2006) 'Germany: Does it still have a European avocation?', paper delivered at the 2006 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia, PA, 30 August-3 September.
158. Pentland, C. (2000) 'Westphalian Europe and the EU's last enlargement', Journal of European Integration, 22:3.
159. Pippan, C. (2004) 'The rocky road to Europe: The EU's stabilisation and association process for the Western Balkans and the principle of conditionality', European Foreign Affairs Review, 9:2.
160. Plate, B. von (2003) Die Zukunft des transatlantischen Verhältnisses: Mehr als die NATO (Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik).
161. Posch, W. (2005) 'Looking into Iraq', Chaillot Paper, 79 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
162. Powell, R. (1991) 'Absolute and relative gains in international relations theory', American Political Science Review, 85:4.
163. Quille, G. (2004) 'The European Security Strategy: A framework for EU security interest?', International Peacekeeping, 11:3.
164. Ramboll Management (2005) 'Ex post evaluation of Grotius II, Oisin II, STOP II, Falcone and Hippocrates Programmes and Interim Evaluation of the AGIS programme', study commissioned by the European Commission.
165. Ranck, H. and Schmitt, B. (2005) 'Threat assessment', in B. Schmitt, 'Information security: A new challenge for the EU', Chaillot Paper, 76 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
166. Rees, W. and Aldrich, R. J. (2005) 'Contending cultures of counterterrorism: Transatlantic divergence or convergence?', International Affairs, 81:5.
167. Risse, T. (1995) Cooperation among Democracies. The European Influence on U.S. Foreign Policy (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
168. Rohde, J. and Frenzel, M. (2003) 'Transatlantic gaps and European armaments cooperation', in Prospects on the European Defence Industry (Athens: Defence Analysis Institute).
169. Rosenau, J. N. (2000) 'Change, complexity, and governance in globalizing space', in J. Pierre, Debating Governance: Authority, Steering and Democracy (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
170. Rosenau, J. N. (1997) Along the Domestic-Foreign Frontier: Exploring Governance in a Turbulent World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
171. Rosenau, J. N. (1992) 'Governance, order, and change in world politics', in J. N. Rosenau and E.-O. Czempiel, Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
172. Ruggie, J. G. (1986) 'Continuity and transformation in the world polity: Toward a neo-realist synthesis', in R. O. Keohane, Neorealism and Its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press).
173. Rummel, R. (2004) 'Conflict prevention: Making EU talents work', Working Paper FG 2, 2004/3, Research Unit EU External Relations, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, German Institute for International and Security Studies.
174. Rummel, R. and Wiedemann, J. (1998) 'Identifying institutional paradoxes of CFSP', in J. Zielonka, Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy (The Hague: Kluwer Law International).
175. Rusi, A. (2001) 'Europe's changing security role', in H. Gärtner, A. Hyde-Price, and E. Reiter, Europe's New Security Challenges (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).
176. Rutten, M. (2002) 'From Nice to Laeken. European defence: Core documents, vol. II', Chaillot Paper, 51 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
177. Rutten, M. (2001) 'From St.-Malo to Nice. European defence: Core documents', Chaillot Paper, 47 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
178. Rynning, S. (2003) 'The European Union: Towards a strategic culture?', Security Dialogue, 34:4.
179. Saferworld International Alert (2005) 'Developing EU Strategy to Address Fragile States: Priorities for the UK Presidency of the EU in 2005', available at www.saferworld.org.uk/publications.php?id=18 (accessed 12 August 2006).
180. Sandler, T. (1992) Collective Action: Theory and Application (New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf).
181. Schmitt, B. (2005) Defence Expenditures (Paris: ISS).
182. Schweller, R. (1998) Deadly Imbalances: Tripolarity and Hitler's Strategy of World Conquest (New York: Columbia University Press).
183. Secretary of Defense (2003) 'Report on allied contributions to the common defense', Washington, DC, July 2003.
184. Shelley, L. I. (2003) 'Organized crime, terrorism and cybercrime', in H. Born, M. Caparini and P. Fluri, Security Sector Reform: Institutions, Society and Good Governance (Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag).
185. SIPRI (2006) 'Appendix. Table 8B: Military Expenditure, by Category', available at http: //yearbook2006.sipri.org/chap8/app8b (accessed 20 August 2006).
186. SIPRI (2003) SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (London: Oxford University Press).
187. Siverson, R. M. and Starr, H. (1990) 'Opportunity, willingness, and the diffusion of war', American Political Science Review, 84:1.
188. Smith, H. (1998) 'Actually existing foreign policy - or not? The EU in Latin and Central America', in J. Peterson and H. Sjursen, A Common Foreign Policy for Europe? Competing Visions of the CFSP (London: Routledge).
189. Smith, K. E. (2005) 'The outsiders: The European Neighbourhood Policy', International Affairs, 81:4.
190. Smith, K. E. (1998) 'The use of political conditionality in the EU's relations with third countries: How effective?', European Foreign Affairs Review, 3:2.
191. Smith, M. (2005) 'Implementation: Making the EU's international relations work', in C. Hill and M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
192. Smith, M.E. (2004) Europe's Foreign and Security Policy: The Institutionalization of Cooperation (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
193. Smith, M. (2003) 'The framing of European foreign and security policy: Towards a post-modern policy framework?', Journal of European Public Policy, 10:4.
194. Snyder, G. H. (1991) 'Alliances, balance, and stability', International Organization, 45:1.
195. Solana, J. (2004) '"Remarks", at the informal meeting of defence ministers', Brussels, 5-6 April 2004, S0097/04.
196. Solana, J. (2003a) A Secure Europe in Better World: European Security Strategy (Brussels: European Union Institute for Security Studies).
197. Solana, J. (2003b) 'The EU security strategy: Implications for Europe's role in a changing world', EUHR Speech, Berlin, 12 November 2003, available at www.foreignpolicy.org.tr/documents/solana_121103_p.htm (accessed 14 August 2006).
198. Sperling, J. (2007) 'State attributes and system properties: Security multilateralism in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Atlantic and Europe', in D. Bourantonis, K. Ifantis and P. Tsakonas, Multilateralism and Security Institutions in an Era of Globalization (London: Routledge).
199. Sperling, J. (2006) 'Capabilities gaps and traps: Symptoms or cause of a troubled Atlantic relationship?', in M. A. Smith, Where Is NATO Going? (London: Routledge).
200. Sperling, J. (2004) 'The foreign policy of the Berlin Republic: The very model of a post-modern major power?', German Politics, 12:3.
201. Sperling, J. (2003) 'Eurasian security governance: New threats, institutional adaptations', in J. Sperling, S. Kay and S. V. Papacosma, Limiting Institutions? The Challenge of Eurasian Security Governance (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
202. Sperling, J. (2001a) 'The United States: Strategic vision or tactical planning?', in M. A. Smith and G. Timmins, Uncertain Europe: Building a New European Security Order? (London: Routledge).
203. Sperling, J. (2001b) 'European Union foreign policy: Still an oxymoron?', in S. W. Hook, Comparative Foreign Policy: Adaptation Strategies of the Great and Emerging Powers (New York: Prentice Hall).
204. Sperling, J. and E. Kirchner (1998) 'Economic security and the problem of cooperation in post Cold War Europe', Review of International Studies, 24:2.
205. Sperling, J. and E. Kirchner (1997) Recasting the European Order: Security Architectures and Economic Cooperation (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
206. Stålenheim, P. (2003) 'Appendix.Table 10B: NATO military expenditure, by category', SIPRI Yearbook 2003.
207. Tanner, F. (2004) 'North Africa: Partnership, exceptionalism and neglect', in R. Dannreuther, European Union Foreign and Security Policy: Towards a Neighbourhood Strategy (London: Routledge).
208. Tardy, T. (2005) 'EU-UN cooperation in peacekeeping: A promising relationship in a constrained environment, Chaillot Paper, 78 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies).
209. Taylor, A. J. P. (1954) The Struggle for Mastery of Europe, 1848-1918 (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
210. Tegnell, A., Bossi, P., Baka, A., Van Loock, F., Hendriks, J., Wallyn, S. and Gouvras, G. (2003) 'The European Commission's task force on bioterrorism', Emerging Infectious Diseases, 9:10.
211. Tovias, A. and Ugur, M. (2004) 'Can the EU anchor policy reform in third countries? An analysis of the Euro-Med Partnership', European Union Politics, 5:4.
212. UK Parliament Select Committee on Defence (2002) 'Seventh Report', available at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmdfence/914/ 91402.htm (accessed 17 August 2006).
213. UK Parliament Select Committee on Defence (1999) 'Joint Declaration Launching European Defence Capabilities Initiative, UK-Italian Summit', 19-20 July 1999, available at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/ cmdfence/264/26422.htm (accessed 16 August 2006).
214. UN (1999) 'International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism', available at www.un.org/law/cod/finterr.htm (accessed 28 August 2006).
215. US Department of State (2000) 'Cumulative expenditures (FY 1992 to date) for major NIS assistance programs by country as of 9/30/00'.
216. USA Today (2005) 'Iran seeks talks with Europe on uranium', USA Today, 14 August 2005.
217. US-CREST (2002) 'Future military coalitions: The transatlantic challenge. Report of a French-German-UK-US Working Group' (Arlington, VA: US-CREST).
218. Wæver, O. (1998) 'Security, insecurity and asecurity', in E. Adler and M. N. Barnett, Security Communities (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
219. Wæver, O. (1995) 'Securitization and desecuritization', in R. Lipschutz, On Security (New York: Columbia University Press).
220. Wallace H. and Wallace, W. (1997) Policy-making in the European Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
221. Wallensteen, P. and Sollenberg, M. (2001) 'Armed conflict, 1989-2000', Journal of Peace Research, 38:5.
222. Walt, S. (1987) The Origins of Alliances (Ithaca: Cornell University Press).
223. Waltz, K. (1978) Theory of International Politics (New York: Random House).
224. Webber, M. (2002) 'Security governance and the "excluded" states of Central and Eastern Europe', in A. Cottey and D. Averre, Ten Years after 1989: New Security Challenges in Central and Eastern Europe (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
225. Webber, M. (2000) 'A tale of a decade: European security governance and Russia', European Security, 9:2.
226. Webber, M., Croft, S., Howorth, J., Terriff, T. and Krahmann, E. (2004) 'The governance of European security', Review of International Studies, 30:1.
227. Weiler, J. H. H. (1991) 'The Transformation of Europe', Yale Law Journal, 100: 2403-83.
228. Wendt, A. (1994) 'Collective identity formation and the international state', American Political Science Review, 88:2.
229. WEU Council of Ministers (1999) 'WEU Audit of Assets and Capabilities for European Crisis Management Operations: Recommendations for strengthening European capabilities for crisis management operations', Luxembourg, 22-3 November 1999, available at www.weu.int/documents/991122en.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
230. WEU Council of Ministers (1992) 'Petersberg Declaration', Bonn, 19 June 1992, available at www.weu.int/documents/920619peten.pdf (accessed 16 August 2006).
231. Wogau, K. von (2005) 'The Path to European Defence', available at www.european-defence.co.uk/directory/althea/html (accessed 2 March 2005).
232. Wolfers, A. (1963) 'Integration in the west: The conflict of perspectives', International Organisation, 17:3, 753-70.
233. Wolfers, A. (1959) Alliance Policy in the Cold War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
234. World Bank (2000) 2000 World Development Indicators (Washington, DC: World Bank).
235. Young, O. R. (1999) Governance in World Affairs (Ithaca: Cornell University Press).
236. Youngs, R. (2004) 'Democratic institution-building and conflict resolution: Emerging EU approaches', International Peacekeeping, 11:3.
237. Youngs, R. (2003) 'European approaches to democracy assistance: Learning the right lessons?', Third World Quarterly, 24:1.
238. Youngs, R. (2001) 'Democracy promotion: The case of European Union strategy', Centre for European Policy Studies Working Document, 167.
239. Ypersele de Strihou, J. van (1967) 'Sharing the defense burden among Western allies', Review of Economics and Statistics, 49:4.
240. Zanger, S. C. (2000) 'Good governance and European aid: The impact of political conditionality', European Union Politics, 1:3.
241. Zellner, W. (2002) 'The OSCE: Uniquely qualified for a conflict-prevention role', in P. van Tongeren, H. van de Veen and J. Verhoeven, Searching For Peace in Europe and Eurasia: An Overview Of Conflict Prevention And Peacebuilding Activities (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).