MicroRNA expression relating to dietary-induced liver steatosis and NASH

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Volumn 4, Issue 11, 2015, Pages 1938-1950

  Zarfeshani, Aida ^a   Ngo, Sherry ^a   Sheppard, Allan M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Diet; MiRNA; NAFLD; NASH

Indexed keywords

ACETYL COENZYME A CARBOXYLASE; BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACID; FATTY ACID; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE KINASE; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE; MICRORNA; MICRORNA 122; MICRORNA 143; MICRORNA 146; MICRORNA 155; MICRORNA 181A; MICRORNA 200A; MICRORNA 200B; MICRORNA 335; MICRORNA 375; MICRORNA 429; MICRORNA 92B; MYOSTATIN; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; RNA INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 1; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; BIOACCUMULATION; DIETARY INDUCED LIVER INJURY; DOWN REGULATION; FAT INTAKE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; LIPID HOMEOSTASIS; LIPOLYSIS; LIVER CELL; LIVER INJURY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NONHUMAN; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LIPID INTERACTION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION; REVIEW; UPREGULATION;

EID: 85015268297     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20770383     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/jcm4111938     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Kopelman, P.G. Obesity as a medical problem. Nature 2000, 404, 635-643
2. Mokdad, A. H.; Ford, E. S.; Bowman, B. A.; Dietz, W. H.; Vinicor, F.; Bales, V. S.; Marks, J. S. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003, 289, 76-79
3. Spiegelman, B.M.; Flier, J.S. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell 2001, 104, 531-543
4. Goldman, L.; Ausiello, D. Cecil Textbook of Medicine; Arjomand, M., Setudenia, A.H., Qasemi, Sh., Translators; Nasle Farda: Tehran, Iran, 2003; Volume 11
5. Lara-Castro, C.; Garvey, W.T. Intracellular lipid accumulation in liver and muscle and the insulin resistance syndrome. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. N. Am. 2008, 37, 841-856
6. Bullock, R.E.; Zaitoun, A.M.; Aithal, G.P.; Ryder, S.D.; Beckingham, I.J.; Lobo, D.N. Association of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis without significant fibrosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Hepatol. 2004, 41, 685-686
7. Marrero, J.A.; Fontana, R.J.; Su, G.L.; Conjeevaram, H.S.; Emick, D.M.; Lok, A.S. NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Hepatology 2002, 36, 1349-1354
8. Rottiers, V.; Näär, A.M. MicroRNAs in metabolism and metabolic disorders. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2012, 13, 239-250
9. Yahagi, N.; Shimano, H.; Matsuzaka, T.; Sekiya, M.; Najima, Y.; Okazaki, S.; Okazaki, H.; Tamura, Y.; Iizuka, Y.; Inoue, N. p53 involvement in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 20571-20575
10. Sethi, J.K.; Vidal-Puig, A.J. Thematic review series: Adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J. Lipid Res. 2007, 48, 1253-1262
11. Stefan, N.; Kantartzis, K.; Machann, J.; Schick, F.; Thamer, C.; Rittig, K.; Balletshofer, B.; Machicao, F.; Fritsche, A.; Häring, H.-U. Identification and characterization of metabolically benign obesity in humans. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008, 168, 1609-1616
12. Fabbrini, E.; Magkos, F.; Mohammed, B.S.; Pietka, T.; Abumrad, N.A.; Patterson, B.W.; Okunade, A.; Klein, S. Intrahepatic fat, not visceral fat, is linked with metabolic complications of obesity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 15430-15435
13. Misu, H.; Takamura, T.; Takayama, H.; Hayashi, H.; Matsuzawa-Nagata, N.; Kurita, S.; Ishikura, K.; Ando, H.; Takeshita, Y.; Ota, T. A liver-derived secretory protein, selenoprotein P causes insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2010, 12, 483-495
14. Yang, S.; Hwang, S.; Choi, H.; Yoo, H.; Seo, J.; Kim, S.; Kim, N.; Baik, S.; Choi, D.; Choi, K.; Choi, K. Serum selenoprotein P levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: Implications for insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2011, 96, E1325-E1329
15. Misu, H.; Ishikura, K.; Kurita, S.; Takeshita, Y.; Ota, T.; Saito, Y.; Takahashi, K.; Kaneko, S.; Takamura, T. Inverse correlation between serum levels of selenoprotein P and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes. PLoS ONE 2012, 7, e34952
16. Williams, M.D.; Mitchell, G.M. MicroRNAs in insulin resistance and obesity. Exp. Diabetes Res. 2012, 2012, doi:10.1155/2012/484696
17. Etheridge, A.; Lee, I.; Hood, L.; Galas, D.; Wang, K. Extracellular microRNA: A new source of biomarkers. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 2011, 717, 85-90
18. Aravin, A.A.; Lagos-Quintana, M.; Yalcin, A.; Zavolan, M.; Marks, D.; Snyder, B.; Gaasterland, T.; Meyer, J.; Tuschl, T. The small RNA profile during Drosophila melanogaster development. Dev. Cell 2003, 5, 337-350
19. Ketting, R.F. MicroRNA biogenesis and function. In Regulation of microRNAs; Springer: Basel, Switzerland, 2010; pp. 1-14
20. Lim, L.P.; Lau, N.C.; Garrett-Engele, P.; Grimson, A.; Schelter, J.M.; Castle, J.; Bartel, D.P.; Linsley, P.S.; Johnson, J.M. Microarray analysis shows that some microRNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs. Nature 2005, 433, 769-773
21. Pillai, R.S.; Bhattacharyya, S.N.; Artus, C.G.; Zoller, T.; Cougot, N.; Basyuk, E.; Bertrand, E.; Filipowicz, W. Inhibition of translational initiation by Let-7 microRNA in human cells. Science 2005, 309, 1573-1576
22. Valinezhad Orang, A.; Safaralizadeh, R.; Kazemzadeh-Bavili, M. Mechanisms of miRNA-mediated gene regulation from common downregulation to mRNA-specific upregulation. Int. J. Genomics 2014, 2014, doi:10.1155/2014/970607
23. Gauthier, B.R.; Wollheim, C.B. MicroRNAs: “ribo-regulators” of glucose homeostasis. Nat. Med. 2006, 12, 36-38
24. He, A.; Zhu, L.; Gupta, N.; Chang, Y.; Fang, F. Overexpression of micro ribonucleic acid 29, highly up-regulated in diabetic rats, leads to insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mol. Endocrinol. 2007, 21, 2785-2794
25. Poy, M.; Spranger, M.; Stoffel, M. microRNAs and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 2007, 9, 67-73
26. Esau, C.; Davis, S.; Murray, S.F.; Yu, X.X.; Pandey, S.K.; Pear, M.; Watts, L.; Booten, S.L.; Graham, M.; McKay, R. miR-122 regulation of lipid metabolism revealed by in vivo antisense targeting. Cell Metab. 2006, 3, 87-98
27. Krützfeldt, J.; Rajewsky, N.; Braich, R.; Rajeev, K.G.; Tuschl, T.; Manoharan, M.; Stoffel, M. Silencing of microRNAs in vivo with “antagomirs”. Nature 2005, 438, 685-689
28. Rottiers, V.; Najafi-Shoushtari, S.H.; Kristo, F.; Gurumurthy, S.; Zhong, L.; Li, Y.; et al. MicroRNAs in metabolism and metabolic diseases. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 2011, 76, 225-233
29. Dávalos, A.; Goedeke, L.; Smibert, P.; Ramírez, C.M.; Warrier, N.P.; Andreo, U.; Cirera-Salinas, D.; Rayner, K.; Suresh, U.; Pastor-Pareja, J.C. miR-33a/b contribute to the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and insulin signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 9232-9237
30. Rayner, K.J.; Esau, C.C.; Hussain, F.N.; McDaniel, A.L.; Marshall, S.M.; van Gils, J.M.; Ray, T.D.; Sheedy, F.J.; Goedeke, L.; Liu, X. Inhibition of miR-33a/b in non-human primates raises plasma HDL and lowers VLDL triglycerides. Nature 2011, 478, 404-407
31. Trajkovski, M.; Hausser, J.; Soutschek, J.; Bhat, B.; Akin, A.; Zavolan, M.; Heim, M.H.; Stoffel, M. MicroRNAs 103 and 107 regulate insulin sensitivity. Nature 2011, 474, 649-653
32. Cheung, O.; Puri, P.; Eicken, C.; Contos, M.J.; Mirshahi, F.; Maher, J.W.; Kellum, J.M.; Min, H.; Luketic, V.A.; Sanyal, A.J. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with altered hepatic MicroRNA expression. Hepatology 2008, 48, 1810-1820
33. Kong, L.; Zhu, J.; Han, W.; Jiang, X.; Xu, M.; Zhao, Y.; Dong, Q.; Pang, Z.; Guan, Q.; Gao, L. Significance of serum microRNAs in pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A clinical study. Acta Diabetol. 2011, 48, 61-69
34. Alisi, A.; da Sacco, L.; Bruscalupi, G.; Piemonte, F.; Panera, N.; De Vito, R.; Leoni, S.; Bottazzo, G.F.; Masotti, A.; Nobili, V. Mirnome analysis reveals novel molecular determinants in the pathogenesis of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Lab. Investig. 2011, 91, 283-293
35. Pogribny, I.P.; Starlard-Davenport, A.; Tryndyak, V.P.; Han, T.; Ross, S.A.; Rusyn, I.; Beland, F.A. Difference in expression of hepatic microRNAs miR-29c, miR-34a, miR-155, and miR-200b is associated with strain-specific susceptibility to dietary nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. Lab. Investig. 2010, 90, 1437-1446
36. Li, S.; Chen, X.; Zhang, H.; Liang, X.; Xiang, Y.; Yu, C.; Zen, K.; Li, Y.; Zhang, C.-Y. Differential expression of microRNAs in mouse liver under aberrant energy metabolic status. J. Lipid Res. 2009, 50, 1756-1765
37. Castro, R.E.; Ferreira, D.M.; Afonso, M.B.; Borralho, P.M.; Machado, M.V.; Cortez-Pinto, H.; Rodrigues, C.M. miR-34a/SIRT1/p53 is suppressed by ursodeoxycholic acid in the rat liver and activated by disease severity in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 2013, 58, 119-125
38. Kemper, J.K.; Xiao, Z.; Ponugoti, B.; Miao, J.; Fang, S.; Kanamaluru, D.; Tsang, S.; Wu, S.-Y.; Chiang, C.-M.; Veenstra, T.D. FXR acetylation is normally dynamically regulated by p300 and SIRT1 but constitutively elevated in metabolic disease states. Cell Metab. 2009, 10, 392-404
39. Motta, M.C.; Divecha, N.; Lemieux, M.; Kamel, C.; Chen, D.; Gu, W.; Bultsma, Y.; McBurney, M.; Guarente, L. Mammalian SIRT1 represses forkhead transcription factors. Cell 2004, 116, 551-563
40. Ponugoti, B.; Kim, D.-H.; Xiao, Z.; Smith, Z.; Miao, J.; Zang, M.; Wu, S.-Y.; Chiang, C.-M.; Veenstra, T.D.; Kemper, J.K. SIRT1 deacetylates and inhibits SREBP-1C activity in regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 2010, 285, 33959-33970
41. Nakanishi, N.; Nakagawa, Y.; Tokushige, N.; Aoki, N.; Matsuzaka, T.; Ishii, K.; Yahagi, N.; Kobayashi, K.; Yatoh, S.; Takahashi, A. The up-regulation of microRNA-335 is associated with lipid metabolism in liver and white adipose tissue of genetically obese mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2009, 385, 492-496
42. Dohi, O.; Yasui, K.; Gen, Y.; Takada, H.; Endo, M.; Tsuji, K.; Konishi, C.; Yamada, N.; Mitsuyoshi, H.; Yagi, N. Epigenetic silencing of miR-335 and its host gene MEST in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int. J. Oncol. 2013, 42, 411-418
43. Takahashi, M.; Kamei, Y.; Ezaki, O. Mest/Peg1 imprinted gene enlarges adipocytes and is a marker of adipocyte size. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005, 288, E117-E124
44. Zhu, L.; Chen, L.; Shi, C.-M.; Xu, G.-F.; Xu, L.-L.; Zhu, L.-L.; Ni, Y.; Cui, Y.; Ji, C. MiR-335, an adipogenesis-related microRNA, is involved in adipose tissue inflammation. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2014, 68, 283-290
45. Chen, C.; Wu, C.-Q.; Zhang, Z.-Q.; Yao, D.-K.; Zhu, L. Loss of expression of miR-335 is implicated in hepatic stellate cell migration and activation. Exp. Cell Res. 2011, 317, 1714-1725
46. Zarfeshani, A.; Ngo, S.; Murphy, R.; Sheppard, A.M. MiRNAs as bariatric surgery outcome biomarkers and hepatokine regulators after GBP but not SG. Mol. End. 2015, Submitted
47. Pal, D.; Dasgupta, S.; Kundu, R.; Maitra, S.; Das, G.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Ray, S.; Majumdar, S.S.; Bhattacharya, S. Fetuin-A acts as an endogenous ligand of TLR4 to promote lipid-induced insulin resistance. Nat. Med. 2012, 18, 1279-1285
48. Jüllig, M.; Yip, S.; Xu, A.; Smith, G.; Middleditch, M.; Booth, M.; Babor, R.; Beban, G.; Murphy, R. Lower fetuin-A retinol binding protein 4 and several metabolites after gastric bypass compared to sleeve gastrectomy in patients with type 2 diabetes. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e96489, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096489
49. Hittel, D.S.; Berggren, J.R.; Shearer, J.; Boyle, K.; Houmard, J.A. Increased secretion and expression of myostatin in skeletal muscle from extremely obese women. Diabetes 2009, 58, 30-38
50. Chen, Y.; Cao, L.; Ye, J.; Zhu, D. Upregulation of myostatin gene expression in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mice is attenuated by insulin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2009, 388, 112-116
51. Milan, G.; Dalla Nora, E.; Pilon, C.; Pagano, C.; Granzotto, M.; Manco, M.; Mingrone, G.; Vettor, R. Changes in muscle myostatin expression in obese subjects after weight loss. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2004, 89, 2724-2727
52. Schuelke, M.; Wagner, K.R.; Stolz, L.E.; Hübner, C.; Riebel, T.; Kömen, W.; Braun, T.; Tobin, J.F.; Lee, S.-J. Myostatin mutation associated with gross muscle hypertrophy in a child. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004, 350, 2682-2688
53. Zhang, C.; McFarlane, C.; Lokireddy, S.; Masuda, S.; Ge, X.; Gluckman, P.D.; Sharma, M.; Kambadur, R. Inhibition of myostatin protects against diet-induced obesity by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and promoting a brown adipose phenotype in mice. Diabetologia 2012, 55, 183-193
54. Zhao, B.; Wall, R.J.; Yang, J. Transgenic expression of myostatin propeptide prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005, 337, 248-255
55. Zarfeshani, A.; Ngo, S.; Sheppard, A.M. Leucine alters hepatic glucose/lipid homeostasis via the myostatin-AMP-activated protein kinase pathway-potential implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin. Epigenet. 2014, 6, 27
56. Lake, A.D.; Novak, P.; Shipkova, P.; Aranibar, N.; Robertson, D.G.; Reily, M.D.; Lehman-McKeeman, L.D.; Vaillancourt, R.R.; Cherrington, N.J. Branched chain amino acid metabolism profiles in progressive human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Amino Acids 2015, 47, 603-615
57. Castera, L.; Vilgrain, V.; Angulo, P. Noninvasive evaluation of NAFLD. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2013, 10, 666-675
58. Lee, S.-K. Exosomes and Microvesicles as Biomarkers in Metabolic Diseases. Korean J. Obes. 2014, 23, 150-155
59. Pirola, C.J.; Gianotti, T.F.; Castaño, G.O.; Mallardi, P.; San Martino, J.; Ledesma, M.M.G.L.; Flichman, D.; Mirshahi, F.; Sanyal, A.J.; Sookoian, S. Circulating microRNA signature in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: From serum non-coding RNAs to liver histology and disease pathogenesis. Gut 2014, doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-306996
60. McArdle, M.A.; Finucane, O.M.; Connaughton, R.M.; McMorrow, A.M.; Roche, H.M. Mechanisms of obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance: Insights into the emerging role of nutritional strategies. Front. Endocrinol. 2013, 4, doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00052
61. Gori, M.; Arciello, M.; Balsano, C. MicroRNAs in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Novel biomarkers and prognostic tools during the transition from steatosis to hepatocarcinoma. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 2014, doi:10.1155/2014/741465
62. Tryndyak, V.P.; Latendresse, J.R.; Montgomery, B.; Ross, S.A.; Beland, F.A.; Rusyn, I.; Pogribny, I.P. Plasma microRNAs are sensitive indicators of inter-strain differences in the severity of liver injury induced in mice by a choline-and folate-deficient diet. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2012, 262, 52-59
63. Celikbilek, M.; Baskol, M.; Taheri, S.; Deniz, K.; Dogan, S.; Zararsiz, G.; Gursoy, S.; Guven, K.; Ozbakır, O.; Dundar, M.; Yucesoy, M. Circulating microRNAs in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J. Hepatol. 2014, 6, 613
64. Gallo, A.; Tandon, M.; Alevizos, I.; Illei, G.G. The majority of microRNAs detectable in serum and saliva is concentrated in exosomes. PLoS ONE 2012, 7, e30679
65. Arroyo, J.D.; Chevillet, J.R.; Kroh, E.M.; Ruf, I.K.; Pritchard, C.C.; Gibson, D.F.; Mitchell, PS.; Bennett, CF.; Pogosova-Agadjanyan, EL.; Stirewalt, DL.; et al. Argonaute2 complexes carry a population of circulating microRNAs independent of vesicles in human plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 5003-5008
66. Berger, F.; Reiser, M.F. Micro-RNAs as potential new molecular biomarkers in oncology: Have they reached relevance for the clinical imaging sciences? Theranostics 2013, 3, 943
67. Chen, Y.-P, Jin, X.; Xiang, Z.; Chen, S.-H.; Li, Y.-M. Circulating MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver Int. 2013, 33, 1257-1265
68. Boeri, M.; Verri, C.; Conte, D.; Roz, L.; Modena, P.; Facchinetti, F.; Calabrò, E.; Croce, C.M.; Pastorino, U.; Sozzi, G. MicroRNA signatures in tissues and plasma predict development and prognosis of computed tomography detected lung cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108, 3713-3718
69. Lu, Z.; Liu, M.; Stribinskis, V.; Klinge, C.; Ramos, K.; Colburn, N.; Li, Y. MicroRNA-21 promotes cell transformation by targeting the programmed cell death 4 gene. Oncogene 2008, 27, 4373-4379
70. Morrissey, D.V.; Lockridge, J.A.; Shaw, L.; Blanchard, K.; Jensen, K.; Breen, W.; Hartsough, K.; Polisky, B. Potent and persistent in vivo anti-HBV activity of chemically modified siRNAs. Nat. Biotechnol. 2005, 23, 1002-1007
71. Wolfrum, C.; Shi, S.; Jayaprakash, K.N.; Jayaraman, M.; Wang, G.; Pandey, R.K.; Rajeev, K.G.; Nakayama, T.; Charrise, K.; Ndungo, E.M. Mechanisms and optimization of in vivo delivery of lipophilic siRNAs. Nat. Biotechnol. 2007, 25, 1149-1157
72. Lanford, R.E.; Hildebrandt-Eriksen, E.S.; Petri, A.; Persson, R.; Lindow, M.; Munk, M.E.; Kauppinen, S.; Ørum, H. Therapeutic silencing of microRNA-122 in primates with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Science 2010, 327, 198-201
73. Janssen, H.L.; Reesink, H.W.; Lawitz, E.J.; Zeuzem, S.; Rodriguez-Torres, M.; Patel, K.; van der Meer, A.J., Patick, A.K., Chen, A., Zhou, Y. Treatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNA. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013, 368, 1685-1694
74. Hur, W.; Lee, J.H.; Kim, S.W.; Kim, J.-H.; Bae, S.H.; Kim, M.; Park, T.; Um, S.-J. Downregulation of microRNA-451 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis inhibits fatty acid-induced proinflammatory cytokine production through the AMPK/AKT pathway. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2015, 64, 265-276
75. Lin, Q.; Gao, Z.; Alarcon, R.M.; Ye, J.; Yun, Z. A role of miR-27 in the regulation of adipogenesis. FEBS J. 2009, 276, 2348-2358
76. Raver-Shapira, N.; Marciano, E.; Meiri, E.; Spector, Y.; Rosenfeld, N.; Moskovits, N.; Bentwich, Z.; Oren, M. Transcriptional activation of miR-34a contributes to p53-mediated apoptosis. Mol. Cell 2007, 26, 731-743
77. Cermelli, S.; Ruggieri, A.; Marrero, J.A.; Ioannou, G.N.; Beretta, L. Circulating microRNAs in patients with chronic hepatitis C and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e23937
78. Montanini, L.; Lazzeroni, P.; Sartori, C.; Nobili, V.; Crafa, P.; Bernasconi, S.; Street, M.E. Mir-146a and-155 are involved in FOXO1 regulation and non alcoholic fatty liver disease in childhood obesity. In Proceedings of European Society For Paediatric Endocrinology, Dublin, Ireland, 18-20 September 2014
79. Jiang, W.; Liu, J.; Dai, Y.; Zhou, N.; Ji, C.; Li, X. MiR-146b attenuates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2015, 30, 933-943
80. Cheung, O.; J Sanyal, A. Role of microRNAs in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Curr. Pharm. Design 2010, 16, 1952-1957
81. Miller, A.M.; Gilchrist, D.S.; Nijjar, J.; Araldi, E.; Ramirez, C.M.; Lavery, C.A.; Fernandez-Hernando, C.; McInnes, I.B.; Kurowska-Stolarska, M. MiR-155 has a protective role in the development of non-alcoholic hepatosteatosis in mice. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e72324