Obesity and the regulation of energy balance

Cell

Volumn 104, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 531-543

  Spiegelman, Bruce M ^a   Flier, Jeffrey S ^a  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INSULIN; LEPTIN; MELANOCORTIN; MELANOCORTIN 4 RECEPTOR; MELANOCORTIN RECEPTOR; NEUROPEPTIDE Y; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 1;

BODY WEIGHT; CALORIC INTAKE; ENERGY BALANCE; HUMAN; HYPOTHALAMUS; LIPOGENESIS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THERMOGENESIS;

EID: 0035936764     PISSN: 00928674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00240-9     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. Leptin
2. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting
3. Disruption of the uncoupling protein-2 gene in mice reveals a role in immunity and reactive oxygen species production
4. PPAR gamma is required for placental, cardiac, and adipose tissue development
5. Genetics of body-weight regulation
6. Neuropeptide Y in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: A center coordinating energy metabolism
7. Identification of SOCS-3 as a potential mediator of central leptin resistance
8. The role of SOCS-3 in leptin signaling and leptin resistance
9. SOCS3 mediates feedback inhibition of the leptin receptor via Tyr985
10. Role of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor and/or a putative beta(4)-adrenergic receptor on the expression of uncoupling proteins and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivtor-1
11. Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3: Potential regulators of mitochondrial eneergy metabolism
12. The response to long-term overfeeding in identical twins
13. Medicinal strategies in the treatment of obesity
14. Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs): Controllers of lipid synthesis and cellular uptake
15. Regulated intramembrane proteolysis: A control mechanism conserved from bacteria to humans
16. Role of brain insulin receptor in control of body weight and reproduction
17. Molecular characterization of the mouse agouti locus
18. IRS-2 pathways integrate female reproduction and energy homeostasis
19. A unique metabolic syndrome causes obesity in the melanocortin-3-receptor-deficient mouse
20. Tissue-specific and beta-adrenergic regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein gene: Control by cis-acting elements in the 5′-flanking region
21. Evidence that the diabetes gene encodes the leptin receptor: Identification of a mutation in the leptin receptor gene in db/db mice
22. Mice overexpressing human uncoupling protein-3 in skeletal muscle are hyperphagic and lean
23. A major quantitative trait locus determining serum leptin levels and fat mass is located on human chromosome 2
24. The central melanocortin system and energy homeostasis
25. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans
26. Integration of NPY, AGRP, and melanocortin signals in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: Evidence of a cellular basis for the adipostat
27. Leptin inhibits bone formation through a hyppothalamic relay: A central control of bone mass
28. Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity
29. Leptin activates hypothalamic CART neurons projecting to the spinal cord
30. Leptin differentially regulates NPY and POMC neurons projecting to the lateral hypothalamic area
31. From lesions to leptin: Hypothalamic control of food intake and body weight
32. SOCS-3 is an insulin-induced negative regulator of insulin signaling
33. Central leptin modulates behavioral and neural responsivity to CCK
34. Mice lacking mitochondrial uncoupling protein are cold-sensitive but not obese
35. Sensitivity to leptin and susceptibility to seizures of mice lacking neuropeptide Y
36. Attenuation of the obesity syndrome of ob/ob mice by the loss of neuropeptide Y
37. Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome
38. Dominant and recessive inheritance of morbid obesity associated with melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency
39. Leptin, nutrition, and the thyroid: The why, the wherefore, and the wiring
40. Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans
41. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals
42. Role of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y in feeding and obesity
43. Ciliary neurotrophic factor corrects obesity and obesity associated with leptin deficiency and resistance
44. Lack of obesity and normal response to fasting and thyroid hormone in mice lacking uncoupling protein-3
45. Overexpression of Agrp leads to obesity in transgenic mice
46. Nuclear respiratory factors 1 and 2 utilize similar glutamine-containing clusters of hydrophobic residues to activate transcription
47. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene
48. Effect of CL-316,243, a thermogenic beta 3-agonist, on energy balance and brown and white adipose tissues in rats
49. Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice
50. ADD1/SREBP1 promotes adipocyte differentiation and gene expression linked to fatty acid metabolism
51. Nutritional and insulin regulation of fatty acid synthetase and leptin gene expression through ADD1/SREBP1
52. ADD1/SREBP1 activates PPARγ through the production of endogenous ligand
53. Increased energy expenditure, decreased adiposity, and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1 B-deficient mice
54. A tissue-specific coactivator of steroid receptors, identified in a functional genetic screen
55. Obesity as a medical problem
56. An upstream enhancer regulating brown fat-specific expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein gene
57. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins in energy expenditure
58. Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans
59. Increasing prevalence of overweight among US adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991
60. Liporegulation in diet-induced obesity: The antisteatotic role of hyperleptinemia
61. Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake an excerise in obese subjects
62. Reduced food intake and body weight in mice treated with fatty acid synthase inhibitors
63. Brown adipose tissue, beta 3-adrenergic receptors, and obesity
64. Towards a molecular understanding of adaptive thermogenesis
65. Agouti protein is an antagonist of the melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor
66. Regulating adipogenesis
67. Editorial: Leptin as a therapeutic agent-trials and tribulations
68. Absence of perilipin results in leanness and reverses obesity in Leprdb/db mice
69. Cholecystokinin and satiety: Current perspectives
70. The "thrifty genotype" in 1998
71. Leptin-independent hyperphagia and type 2 diabetes in mice with a mutated serotonin 5-HT2C receptor gene
72. Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein
73. A cold inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors linked to adaptive thermogenesis
74. A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour
75. Metabolic differences and the development of obesity
76. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins: From mitochondria to the regulation of energy balance
77. Transcriptional regulation of adipogenesis
78. Targeted expression of a toxin gene to adipose tissue: Transgenic mice resistant to obesity
79. Central nervous system control of food intake
80. Differentiation-dependent expression of the brown adipocyte uncoupling protein gene: Regulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
81. Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean
82. Overproduction of cholesterol and fatty acids causes massive liver enlargement in transgenic mice expressing truncated SREBP-1a
83. Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in transgenic mice expressing nuclear SREBP-1c in adipose tissue: Model for congenital generalized lipodystrophy
84. Insulin seletively increases SREBP-1c mRNA in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
85. Thermogenic response to epinephrine in the forearm and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue
86. The controls of eating: A shift from nutritional homeostasis to behavioral neuroscience
87. Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis in mice lacking Dgat
88. Neuropeptide Y chronically injected into the hypothalamus: A powerful neurochemical inducer of hyperphagia and obesity
89. The leptin receptor
90. Thermoregulatory and metabolic phenotypes of mice lacking noradrenaline and adrenaline
91. Overweight prevalence among youth in the United States: Why so many different numbers?
92. Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents
93. Modulation of estrogen receptor-alpha transcriptional activity by the coactivator PGC-1
94. Diet-induced obese mice develop peripheral, but not central, resistance to leptin
95. Energy metabolism in uncoupling protein 3 gene knockout mice
96. Activation of the human mitochondrial transcription factor A gene by nuclear respiratory factors: A potential regulatory link between nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression in organelle biogenesis
97. A nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat
98. Mechanisms controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration through the thermogenic coactivator PGC-1
99. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue