메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 1-209

Graduate medical education that meets the nation's health needs

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85013356552     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.17226/18754     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (274)

References (377)
  • 1
    • 56749090073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine
    • (accessed September 19, 2013).
    • AACOM (American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine). 2013. U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine. http://www.aacom.org/about/colleges/Pages/default.aspx (accessed September 19, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 2
    • 77954459588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent studies and reports on physician shortages in the U.S
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • AAMC (Association of American Medical Colleges). 2011. Recent studies and reports on physician shortages in the U.S. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2011)
  • 3
    • 84877743634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AAMC physician workforce policy recommendations
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • AAMC. 2012a. AAMC physician workforce policy recommendations. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2012)
  • 4
    • 85080741980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Table 27: Total graduates by U.S. medical school and sex, 2008-2012
    • (accessed September 19, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2012b. Table 27: Total graduates by U.S. medical school and sex, 2008-2012. https://www.aamc.org/download/321532/data/2012factstable27-2.pdf (accessed September 19, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 5
    • 85013494291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of the 2012 Medical School Enrollment Survey
    • (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2013. Results of the 2012 Medical School Enrollment Survey. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/12-237%20EnrollmSurvey2013.pdf (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 6
    • 85080795753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glossary of terms and common acronyms in GME
    • Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). 2011. Glossary of terms and common acronyms in GME. Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • (2011)
  • 7
    • 84860625826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013
    • Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • ACGME. 2013. Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013. Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • (2013)
  • 8
    • 84888084846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aligning GME policy with the nation's health care workforce needs: A position paper
    • Philadelphia, PA: ACP.
    • ACP (American College of Physicians). 2011. Aligning GME policy with the nation's health care workforce needs: A position paper. Philadelphia, PA: ACP.
    • (2011)
  • 9
    • 0003898650 scopus 로고
    • The graduate education of physicians
    • Chicago, IL: AMA.
    • AMA (American Medical Association) Citizens Commission on Graduate Medical Education. 1966. The graduate education of physicians. Chicago, IL: AMA.
    • (1966)
  • 10
    • 84899639547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 osteopathic medicine profession report
    • (accessed February 27, 2014).
    • AOA (American Osteopathic Association). 2013. 2013 osteopathic medicine profession report. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/about/aoa-annual-statistics/Documents/2013-OMP-report.pdf (accessed February 27, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 11
    • 84927977075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches for delivering primary care could reduce predicted physician shortage
    • (accessed February 21, 2014). Santa Monica, CA
    • Auerbach, D. I., P. G. Chen, M. W. Friedberg, R. O. Reid, C. Lau, and A. Mehrotra. 2013. New approaches for delivering primary care could reduce predicted physician shortage. Santa Monica, CA. http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9752 (accessed February 21, 2014).
    • (2013)
    • Auerbach, D.I.1    Chen, P.G.2    Friedberg, M.W.3    Reid, R.O.4    Lau, C.5    Mehrotra, A.6
  • 12
    • 0003659434 scopus 로고
    • Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education
    • New York: National Bureau of Economic Research (distributed by Columbia University Press).
    • Becker, G. S. 1964. Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research (distributed by Columbia University Press).
    • (1964)
    • Becker, G.S.1
  • 13
    • 44449101826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The triple aim: Care, health, and cost
    • Berwick, D. M., T. W. Nolan, and J. Whittington. 2008. The triple aim: Care, health, and cost. Health Affairs 27(3):759-769.
    • (2008) Health Affairs , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 759-769
    • Berwick, D.M.1    Nolan, T.W.2    Whittington, J.3
  • 14
    • 84884357037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A bipartisan Rx for patient-centered care and system-wide cost containment
    • (accessed April 22, 2013).
    • Bipartisan Policy Center Health Project. 2013a. A bipartisan Rx for patient-centered care and system-wide cost containment (accessed April 22, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 15
    • 84888619946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complexities of national health care workforce planning: A review of current data and methodologies and recommendations for future studies
    • (accessed April 16, 2013).
    • Bipartisan Policy Center Health Project. 2013b. The complexities of national health care workforce planning: A review of current data and methodologies and recommendations for future studies. http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/BPC%20DCHS%20=Workforce%20Supply%20Paper%20Feb%202013%20final.pdf (accessed April 16, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 16
    • 84888114787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care: Proposed solutions to the physician shortage without training more physicians
    • Bodenheimer, T. S., and M. D. Smith. 2013. Primary care: Proposed solutions to the physician shortage without training more physicians. Health Affairs 32(11):1881-1886.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1881-1886
    • Bodenheimer, T.S.1    Smith, M.D.2
  • 17
    • 59449090134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: Can the U.S. health care workforce do the job?
    • Bodenheimer, T., E. Chen, and H. D. Bennett. 2009. Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: Can the U.S. health care workforce do the job? Health Affairs 28(1):64-74.
    • (2009) Health Affairs , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-74
    • Bodenheimer, T.1    Chen, E.2    Bennett, H.D.3
  • 18
    • 84871874125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education, 2011-2012
    • Brotherton, S. E., and S. I. Etzel. 2012. Graduate medical education, 2011-2012. JAMA 308(21):2264-2279.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.308 , Issue.21 , pp. 2264-2279
    • Brotherton, S.E.1    Etzel, S.I.2
  • 19
    • 85080655131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building the future: Educating the 21st century physician
    • (accessed October 20, 2013).
    • Buser, B. R., and M. B. Hahn. 2013. Building the future: Educating the 21st century physician. http://mededsummit.net/uploads/BRC_Building_the_Future__Educating_the_21st_Century_Physician__Final_Report.pdf (accessed October 20, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Buser, B.R.1    Hahn, M.B.2
  • 20
    • 79953182747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialization, subspecialization, and subsubspecialization in internal medicine
    • Cassel, C. K., and D. B. Reuben. 2011. Specialization, subspecialization, and subsubspecialization in internal medicine. New England Journal of Medicine 364(12):1169-1173.
    • (2011) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.364 , Issue.12 , pp. 1169-1173
    • Cassel, C.K.1    Reuben, D.B.2
  • 22
    • 0003714239 scopus 로고
    • Planning for medical progress through education
    • Evanston, IL: AAMC.
    • Coggeshall, L. T. 1965. Planning for medical progress through education. Evanston, IL: AAMC.
    • (1965)
    • Coggeshall, L.T.1
  • 23
    • 33748261520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sixteenth Report: Physician workforce policy guidelines for the United States
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME (Council of Graduate Medical Education). 2005a. Sixteenth Report: Physician workforce policy guidelines for the United States. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2005)
  • 24
    • 33845757786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seventeenth Report: Minorities in medicine: An ethnic and cultural challenge for physician training: An update
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2005b. Seventeenth Report: Minorities in medicine: An ethnic and cultural challenge for physician training: An update. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2005)
  • 25
    • 67649397843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nineteenth report: Enhancing flexibility in graduate medical education
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2007. Nineteenth report: Enhancing flexibility in graduate medical education. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2007)
  • 26
    • 77957714827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth report: Advancing primary care
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2010. Twentieth report: Advancing primary care. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2010)
  • 27
    • 84921489346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education
    • (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • COGME. 2013. Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/Reports/twentyfirstreport.pdf (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 28
    • 34547231517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framework for a high performance health system for the United States
    • (accessed September 30, 2012).
    • Commonwealth Fund Commission on a High Performance Health System. 2006. Framework for a high performance health system for the United States. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2006/Aug/Framework%20for%20a%20High%20Performance%20Health%20System%20for%20the%20United%20States/Commission_framework_high_performance:943%20pdf.pdf (accessed September 30, 2012).
    • (2006)
  • 29
    • 85080748563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Are Residency Programs Preparing Our 21st Century Internists? A study conducted by staff from RAND Health for the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
    • (accessed April 2, 2013).
    • Cordasco, K. M., M. Horta, N. Lurie, C. E. Bird, and B. O. Wynn. 2009. How Are Residency Programs Preparing Our 21st Century Internists? A study conducted by staff from RAND Health for the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. http://www.medpac.gov/documents/Jul09_ResidencyPrograms_CONTRACTOR_CB.pdf (accessed April 2, 2013).
    • (2009)
    • Cordasco, K.M.1    Horta, M.2    Lurie, N.3    Bird, C.E.4    Wynn, B.O.5
  • 30
    • 84872276012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who will provide primary care and how will they be trained?
    • Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Durham, NC, January 8-11.
    • Cronenwett, L., and V. J. Dzau, editors. 2010. Who will provide primary care and how will they be trained? Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Durham, NC, January 8-11.
    • (2010)
    • Cronenwett, L.1    Dzau, V.J.2
  • 31
    • 84856410315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialization in medicine: How much is appropriate?
    • Detsky, A., S. R. Gauthier, and V. R. Fuchs. 2012. Specialization in medicine: How much is appropriate? JAMA 307(5):463-464.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.307 , Issue.5 , pp. 463-464
    • Detsky, A.1    Gauthier, S.R.2    Fuchs, V.R.3
  • 32
    • 84902241029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-specific requirements for initial medical licensure
    • (accessed January 9, 2014)
    • FSMB (Federation of State Medical Boards). 2013. State-specific requirements for initial medical licensure. http://www.fsmb.org/usmle_eliinitial.html (accessed January 9, 2014)
    • (2013)
  • 33
    • 84940015186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure of medical education-it's time for a change
    • Alan Greg Lecture, Denver, CO, November 6.
    • Fuchs, V. R. 2011. The structure of medical education-it's time for a change. Alan Greg Lecture, Denver, CO, November 6.
    • (2011)
    • Fuchs, V.R.1
  • 34
    • 84883692065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current challenges to academic health centers
    • Fuchs, V. R. 2013. Current challenges to academic health centers. JAMA 310(10):1021-1022
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.310 , Issue.10 , pp. 1021-1022
    • Fuchs, V.R.1
  • 35
    • 84892102223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education: Trends in training and student debt
    • Washington, DC: GAO.
    • GAO (Government Accountability Office). 2009. Graduate medical education: Trends in training and student debt. Washington, DC: GAO.
    • (2009)
  • 36
    • 84861396410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sharing the care to improve access to primary care
    • Ghorob, A., and T. Bodenheimer. 2012. Sharing the care to improve access to primary care. New England Journal of Medicine 366(21):1955-1957.
    • (2012) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.366 , Issue.21 , pp. 1955-1957
    • Ghorob, A.1    Bodenheimer, T.2
  • 37
    • 84872073145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care physician shortages could be eliminated through use of teams, nonphysicians, and electronic communication
    • Green, L. V., S. Savin, and Y. Lu. 2013. Primary care physician shortages could be eliminated through use of teams, nonphysicians, and electronic communication. Health Affairs 32(1):11-19.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-19
    • Green, L.V.1    Savin, S.2    Lu, Y.3
  • 38
    • 84888080467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building a health care workforce for the future: More physicians, professional reforms, and technological advances
    • Grover, A., and L. M. Niecko-Najjum. 2013. Building a health care workforce for the future: More physicians, professional reforms, and technological advances. Health Affairs 32(11):1922-1927.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1922-1927
    • Grover, A.1    Niecko-Najjum, L.M.2
  • 39
    • 84928479328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey
    • (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • Henderson, T. M. 2013. Medicaid graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/Medicaid%20Graduate%20Medical%20Education%20Payments%20A%2050-State%20Survey.pdfitat (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Henderson, T.M.1
  • 40
    • 85080644176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Students to service loan repayment pilot program. FY 2013 application and program guidance
    • (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration). 2012. Students to service loan repayment pilot program. FY 2013 application and program guidance. http://nhsc.hrsa.gov/loanrepayment/studentstoserviceprogram/applicationguidance.pdf (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 41
    • 85080669205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active grants for HRSA programs: Affordable Care Act Teaching Health Center (THC) Graduate Medical Education (GME) Payment Program (T91)
    • (accessed August 16, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013a. Active grants for HRSA programs: Affordable Care Act Teaching Health Center (THC) Graduate Medical Education (GME) Payment Program (T91). http://ersrs.hrsa.gov/ReportServer/Pages/ReportViewer.aspx?/HGDW_Reports/FindGrants/GRANT_FIND&ACTIVITY=T91&rs:Format=HTML4.0 (accessed August 16, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 42
    • 85080761393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HRSA Sequestration Operating Plan for FY 2013
    • (accessed June 25, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013b. HRSA Sequestration Operating Plan for FY 2013. http://www.hrsa.gov/about/budget/operatingplan2013.pdf (accessed June 25, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 43
    • 80053502806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uncertain future of Medicare and graduate medical education
    • Iglehart, J. K. 2011. The uncertain future of Medicare and graduate medical education. New England Journal of Medicine 365(14):1340-1345.
    • (2011) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.365 , Issue.14 , pp. 1340-1345
    • Iglehart, J.K.1
  • 44
    • 0008822719 scopus 로고
    • Primary care physicians: Financing their graduate medical education in ambulatory settings
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • IOM (Institute of Medicine). 1989. Primary care physicians: Financing their graduate medical education in ambulatory settings. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (1989)
  • 45
    • 0003870794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care: America's health in a new era
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • IOM. 1996. Primary care: America's health in a new era. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (1996)
  • 46
    • 0003525850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • IOM. 2001. Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (2001)
  • 47
    • 0347162504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Academic health centers: Leading change in the 21st century
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2003a. Academic health centers: Leading change in the 21st century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2003)
  • 48
    • 0141472959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health professions education: A bridge to quality
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2003b. Health professions education: A bridge to quality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2003)
  • 49
    • 9744263298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the nation's compelling interest
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2004. In the nation's compelling interest. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2004)
  • 50
    • 48049094727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retooling for an aging America: Building the health care workforce
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2008. Retooling for an aging America: Building the health care workforce. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2008)
  • 51
    • 77951251679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redesigning continuing education in the health professions
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2010. Redesigning continuing education in the health professions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2010)
  • 52
    • 84868667786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mental health and substance use workforce for older adults: In whose hands?
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2012. The mental health and substance use workforce for older adults: In whose hands? Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2012)
  • 53
    • 84855930076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physician workforce projections in an era of health care reform
    • Kirch, D. G., M. K. Henderson, and M. J. Dill. 2012. Physician workforce projections in an era of health care reform. Annual Review of Medicine 63:435-445.
    • (2012) Annual Review of Medicine , vol.63 , pp. 435-445
    • Kirch, D.G.1    Henderson, M.K.2    Dill, M.J.3
  • 54
    • 84855350645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The history of calls for reform in graduate medical education and why we are still waiting for the right kind of change
    • Ludmerer, K. M. 2012. The history of calls for reform in graduate medical education and why we are still waiting for the right kind of change. Academic Medicine 87:34-40.
    • (2012) Academic Medicine , vol.87 , pp. 34-40
    • Ludmerer, K.M.1
  • 55
    • 84956952032 scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education present and prospective: A call for action
    • New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • Macy Study Group on Graduate Medical Education. 1980. Graduate medical education present and prospective: A call for action. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • (1980)
  • 56
    • 17244367256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the resident caps on the supply of geriatricians
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2003. Impact of the resident caps on the supply of geriatricians. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2003)
  • 57
    • 84946908283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2009. Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2009)
  • 58
    • 84883553749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education financing: Focusing on educational priorities
    • In Report to Congress: Aligning incentives in Medicare. Washington, DC., (accessed September 30, 2012).
    • MedPAC. 2010. Graduate medical education financing: Focusing on educational priorities. In Report to Congress: Aligning incentives in Medicare. Washington, DC. Pp. 103-126. http://www.medpac.gov/chapters/jun10_ch04.pdf (accessed September 30, 2012).
    • (2010) , pp. 103-126
  • 59
    • 0003641047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health, United States, 2012: With special feature on emergency care
    • Hyattsville, MD: NCHS.
    • NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2013. Health, United States, 2012: With special feature on emergency care. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS.
    • (2013)
  • 60
    • 84867177307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results and data: 2013 main residency match
    • (accessed September 13, 2013).
    • National Resident Matching Program. 2013. Results and data: 2013 main residency match. http://b83c73bcf0e7ca356c80-e8560f466940e4ec38ed51af32994bc6.r6.cf1.rackcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/resultsanddata2013.pdf (accessed September 13, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 61
    • 0035289311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paying for graduate medical education: The debate goes on
    • Newhouse, J. P., and G. R. Wilensky. 2001. Paying for graduate medical education: The debate goes on. Health Affairs 20(2):136-247.
    • (2001) Health Affairs , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 136-247
    • Newhouse, J.P.1    Wilensky, G.R.2
  • 62
    • 84880324126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The report of the Blue Ribbon Panel on VA-Medical School Affiliations. Transforming an historic partnership for the 21st century
    • (accessed June 26, 2013).
    • Office of Academic Affiliations, Veterans Health Administration. 2009. The report of the Blue Ribbon Panel on VA-Medical School Affiliations. Transforming an historic partnership for the 21st century. http://www.va.gov/oaa/archive/BRP-final-report.pdf (accessed June 26, 2013).
    • (2009)
  • 64
    • 85080673919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Health Labor, Education & Pensions Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging. Hearing on 30 million new patients and 11 months to go: Who will provide their primary care?
    • (accessed November 26, 2013).
    • Reinhardt, U. 2013. Testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Health Labor, Education & Pensions Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging. Hearing on 30 million new patients and 11 months to go: Who will provide their primary care? http://www.help.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Reinhardt.pdf (accessed November 26, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Reinhardt, U.1
  • 65
    • 77955316232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modest and uneven: Physician efforts to reduce racial and ethnic disparities
    • (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • Reschovsky, J. D., and E. R. Boukus. 2010. Modest and uneven: Physician efforts to reduce racial and ethnic disparities. http://www.hschange.com/CONTENT/1113/1113.pdf (accessed October 7, 2013).
    • (2010)
    • Reschovsky, J.D.1    Boukus, E.R.2
  • 66
    • 51449088829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student body racial and ethnic composition and diversity-related outcomes in U.S. medical schools
    • Saha, S., G. Guiton, P. F. Wimmers, and L. Wilkerson. 2008. Student body racial and ethnic composition and diversity-related outcomes in U.S. medical schools. JAMA 300(10): 1135-1145.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , Issue.10 , pp. 1135-1145
    • Saha, S.1    Guiton, G.2    Wimmers, P.F.3    Wilkerson, L.4
  • 68
    • 77952598364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The surgeon shortage: Constructive participation during health reform
    • Sheldon, G. F. 2010. The surgeon shortage: Constructive participation during health reform. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 210(6):887-894.
    • (2010) Journal of the American College of Surgeons , vol.210 , Issue.6 , pp. 887-894
    • Sheldon, G.F.1
  • 69
    • 77956140001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A decade of reports calling for change in medical education: What do they say?
    • Skochelak, S. E. 2010. A decade of reports calling for change in medical education: What do they say? Academic Medicine 85(9):S26.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , Issue.9 , pp. S26
    • Skochelak, E.S.1
  • 70
    • 84904693252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GME in the United States: A review of state initiatives
    • (accessed February 20, 2014).
    • Spero, J. C., E. P. Fraher, T. C. Ricketts, and P. H. Rockey. 2013. GME in the United States: A review of state initiatives. http://www.shepscenter.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/GMEstateReview_Sept2013.pdf?utm_source=GME+in+the+United+States%3A+A+Review+of+State+Initiatives+&utm_campaign=GME+in+the+US%3A++A+Review+of+State+Initiatives&utm_medium=email (accessed February 20, 2014).
    • (2013)
    • Spero, J.C.1    Fraher, E.P.2    Ricketts, T.C.3    Rockey, P.H.4
  • 71
    • 76549093343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The state of diversity in the health professions a century after Flexner
    • Sullivan, L. W., and I. Suez Mittman. 2010. The state of diversity in the health professions a century after Flexner. Academic Medicine 85(2):246-253.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 246-253
    • Sullivan, L.W.1    Suez Mittman, I.2
  • 72
    • 85080708365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformation in medical education
    • (accessed July 18, 2012).
    • University of Texas System and S. Lieberman. 2012. Transformation in medical education. http://www.utsystem.edu/initiatives/time/homepage/htm (accessed July 18, 2012).
    • (2012)
  • 73
    • 84881052741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensuring an effective physician workforce for the United States
    • Recommendations for graduate medical education to meet the needs of the public. Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, May 16-19. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • Weinstein, D. 2011. Ensuring an effective physician workforce for the United States. Recommendations for graduate medical education to meet the needs of the public. Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, May 16-19. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • (2011)
    • Weinstein, D.1
  • 74
    • 84876515485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical learning environment: The foundation of graduate medical education
    • Weiss, K. B., J. P. Bagian, and T. J. Nasca. 2013. The clinical learning environment: The foundation of graduate medical education. JAMA 309(16):1687-1688.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.309 , Issue.16 , pp. 1687-1688
    • Weiss, K.B.1    Bagian, J.P.2    Nasca, T.J.3
  • 75
    • 84901047569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in cost and debt at U.S. medical schools using a new measure of medical school cost of attendance
    • (accessed September 12, 2012).
    • Youngclaus, J., and J. Fresne. 2012. Trends in cost and debt at U.S. medical schools using a new measure of medical school cost of attendance. AAMC Analysis in Brief 12(2). http://www.aamc.org/download/296002/data/aibroll2_no2.pdf (accessed September 12, 2012).
    • (2012) AAMC Analysis in Brief , vol.12 , Issue.2
    • Youngclaus, J.1    Fresne, J.2
  • 76
    • 84857244647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in osteopathic medical school applicants, enrollment and graduates
    • (accessed December 27, 2013).
    • AACOM (American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine). 2012. Trends in osteopathic medical school applicants, enrollment and graduates. http://www.aacom.org/data/Documents/Trends-apps-enroll-grads.pdf (accessed December 27, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 77
    • 85080723827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast facts about osteopathic medical education preliminary enrollment report-Fall 2013
    • (accessed October 24, 2013).
    • AACOM. 2013. Fast facts about osteopathic medical education preliminary enrollment report-Fall 2013. http://www.aacom.org/data/Documents/Prelim%20Enroll%20Report%202013%20fast%20facts.pdf (accessed October 24, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 78
    • 33748791974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AAMC calls for 30 percent increase in medical school enrollment
    • (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • AAMC (Association of American Medical Colleges). 2006. AAMC calls for 30 percent increase in medical school enrollment. https://www.aamc.org/newsroom/newsreleases/2006/82904/060619.html (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • (2006)
  • 79
    • 84924902503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical school enrollment plans through 2013: Analysis of the 2008 AAMC Survey
    • (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • AAMC. 2009. Medical school enrollment plans through 2013: Analysis of the 2008 AAMC Survey. https://www.aamc.org/download/82788/data/enrollmentreport.pdf (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • (2009)
  • 80
    • 34247101720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity in the physician workforce. Facts and figures 2010
    • (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2010. Diversity in the physician workforce. Facts and figures 2010. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/Diversity%20in%20the%20Physician%20Workforce%20Facts%20and%20Figures%202010.pdf (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • (2010)
  • 81
    • 85080714304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity resources and data snapshots
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • AAMC. 2012a. Diversity resources and data snapshots. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2012)
  • 82
    • 85080717072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Table 29: Total U.S. medical school graduates by race and ethnicity, permanent residency, and sex, 2003-2012
    • (accessed January 29, 2014).
    • AAMC. 2012b. Table 29: Total U.S. medical school graduates by race and ethnicity, permanent residency, and sex, 2003-2012. https://www.aamc.org/download/321536/data/2012factstable29.pdf (accessed January 29, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 83
    • 85080760568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Table 31: Total enrollment by U.S. medical school and race and ethnicity, 2012
    • (accessed February 9, 2014).
    • AAMC. 2012c. Table 31: Total enrollment by U.S. medical school and race and ethnicity, 2012. https://www.aamc.org/download/321540/data/2012factstable31.pdf (accessed February 9, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 84
    • 84897760829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 state physician workforce data book
    • Table 10. (accessed November 26, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2013a. 2013 state physician workforce data book. Table 10. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/State%20Physician%20Workforce%20Data%20Book%202013%20%28PDF%29.pdf (accessed November 26, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 85
    • 84878909145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physician education debt and the cost to attend medical school
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • AAMC. 2013b. Physician education debt and the cost to attend medical school. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2013)
  • 86
    • 84885629034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural competence education for students in medicine and public health
    • Report of an expert panel. Washington, DC: AAMC and ASPH.
    • AAMC and ASPH (Association of Schools of Public Health). 2012. Cultural competence education for students in medicine and public health. Report of an expert panel. Washington, DC: AAMC and ASPH.
    • (2012)
  • 87
    • 84860371590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent studies and reports on physician shortages in the United States
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • AAMC Center for Workforce Studies. 2012. Recent studies and reports on physician shortages in the United States. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2012)
  • 88
    • 84947488658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About ABIM
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • ABIM (American Board of Internal Medicine). 2014. About ABIM. http://www.abim.org/about (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 89
    • 85080793913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of specialties and growth of subspecialties
    • (accessed December 21, 2013).
    • ABMS (American Board of Medical Specialties). 2013. Expansion of specialties and growth of subspecialties. http://www.abms.org/About_ABMS/ABMS_History/Extended_History/Expansion.aspx (accessed December 21, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 90
    • 85080651554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc, (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • ABPN (American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology). 2013. American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. http://www.abpn.com (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 91
    • 85080771250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About the ABR. Radiology specialties and subspecialties
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • ABR (American Board of Radiology). 2014. About the ABR. Radiology specialties and subspecialties. http://www.theabr.org/radiology-specialties-and-subspecialties (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 92
    • 84860625826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013
    • (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). 2013. Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013. http://acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PFAssets/PublicationsBooks/2012-2013_ACGME_DATABOOK_DOCUMENT_Final.pdf (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 93
    • 84889078354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State patterns in medical school expansion, 2000-2010: Variation, discord, and policy priorities
    • Adler, B., W. S. Biggs, and A. W. Bazemore. 2013. State patterns in medical school expansion, 2000-2010: Variation, discord, and policy priorities. Academic Medicine 88(12): 1849-1854.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 1849-1854
    • Adler, B.1    Biggs, W.S.2    Bazemore, A.W.3
  • 94
    • 84863587723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care workforce facts and stats no. 1. The number of practicing primary care physicians in the United States
    • (accessed May 19, 2014).
    • AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality). 2011. Primary care workforce facts and stats no. 1. The number of practicing primary care physicians in the United States. http://www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/factsheets/primary/pcwork1/pcwork1.pdf (accessed May 19, 2014).
    • (2011)
  • 95
    • 84866173287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating a reasonable patient panel size for primary care physicians with team-based task delegation
    • Altschuler, J., D. Margolius, T. Bodenheimer, and K. Grumbach. 2012. Estimating a reasonable patient panel size for primary care physicians with team-based task delegation. Annals of Family Medicine 10(5):396-400.
    • (2012) Annals of Family Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 396-400
    • Altschuler, J.1    Margolius, D.2    Bodenheimer, T.3    Grumbach, K.4
  • 96
    • 85080674880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The American Board of Anesthesiology
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • American Board of Anesthesiology. 2013. The American Board of Anesthesiology. http://www.theaba.org/home/examinations_certifications (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 97
    • 85080757485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subspecialties at a glance, February 2014
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • American Board of Emergency Medicine. 2014. Subspecialties at a glance, February 2014. http://www.abem.org/public/docs/default-source/default-document-library/subspecialtiesat-a-glance-february-2014.pdf (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 98
    • 85080654427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Certifications and admission requirements
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • American Board of Pediatrics. 2014. Certifications and admission requirements. https://www.abp.org/ABPWebStatic/?anticache=0.8886296769657027#murl%3D%2FABPWebStatic%2Ftakeexamsub.html%26surl%3D%2Fabpwebsite%2Ftakeexam%2Fsubspecialtycertifyingexam%2Fadmissionrequirements.htm (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 99
    • 85080721073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latest ABS news
    • (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • American Board of Surgery. 2014. Latest ABS news. http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?index (accessed February 6, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 100
    • 85080800306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2012 osteopathic profession report
    • (accessed December 28, 2013).
    • AOA (American Osteopathic Association). 2012. 2012 osteopathic profession report. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/about/aoa-annual-statistics/Documents/2012-OMPreport.pdf (accessed December 28, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 101
    • 84888083972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse-managed health centers and patient-centered medical homes could mitigate expected primary care physician shortage
    • Auerbach, D. I., P. G. Chen, M. W. Friedberg, R. Reid, C. Lau, P. I. Buerhaus, and A. Mehrotra. 2013a. Nurse-managed health centers and patient-centered medical homes could mitigate expected primary care physician shortage. Health Affairs 32(11):1933-1941.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1933-1941
    • Auerbach, D.I.1    Chen, P.G.2    Friedberg, M.W.3    Reid, R.4    Lau, C.5    Buerhaus, P.I.6    Mehrotra, A.7
  • 102
    • 84927977075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches for delivering primary care could reduce predicted physician shortage
    • Santa Monica, CA: RAND Health.
    • Auerbach, D. I., P. G. Chen, M. W. Friedberg, R. O. Reid, C. Lau and A. Mehrotra. 2013b. New approaches for delivering primary care could reduce predicted physician shortage. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Health.
    • (2013)
    • Auerbach, D.I.1    Chen, P.G.2    Friedberg, M.W.3    Reid, R.O.4    Lau, C.5    Mehrotra, A.6
  • 103
    • 84979930144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful Efforts to Increase Diversity in a Cardiology Fellowship Training Program
    • Auseon, A. J., A. J. Kolibash, and Q. Capers. 2013. Successful Efforts to Increase Diversity in a Cardiology Fellowship Training Program. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 5(3):481-485.
    • (2013) Journal of Graduate Medical Education , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 481-485
    • Auseon, A.J.1    Kolibash, A.J.2    Capers, Q.3
  • 104
    • 4043183387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The productivity of physician specialization: Evidence from the Medicare program
    • Baicker, K., and A. Chandra. 2004. The productivity of physician specialization: Evidence from the Medicare program. American Economic Review 94(2):357-361.
    • (2004) American Economic Review , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 357-361
    • Baicker, K.1    Chandra, A.2
  • 105
    • 79951678823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of rural training experiences on medical students: A critical review
    • Barrett, F. A., M. S. Lipsky, and M. N. Lutfiyya. 2011. The impact of rural training experiences on medical students: A critical review. Academic Medicine 86(2):259-263.
    • (2011) Academic Medicine , vol.86 , Issue.2 , pp. 259-263
    • Barrett, F.A.1    Lipsky, M.S.2    Lutfiyya, M.N.3
  • 106
    • 67649405112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialty and geographic distribution of the physician workforce-what influences medical student and resident choices?
    • Washington, DC: The Robert Graham Center.
    • Bazemore, A., K. Bennett, M. S. Dodoo, C. Legagneur, S. Petterson, J. Phillips, R. L. Phillips, J. A. Rudd, and I. Xierali. 2009. Specialty and geographic distribution of the physician workforce-what influences medical student and resident choices? Washington, DC: The Robert Graham Center.
    • (2009)
    • Bazemore, A.1    Bennett, K.2    Dodoo, M.S.3    Legagneur, C.4    Petterson, S.5    Phillips, J.6    Phillips, R.L.7    Rudd, J.A.8    Xierali, I.9
  • 107
    • 34547861764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resident physicians' preparedness to provide cross-cultural care: Implications for clinical care and medical education policy
    • (accessed December 9, 2013).
    • Betancourt, J., J. S. Weissman, M. Kim, E. R. Park, and A. W. Maina. 2007. Resident physicians' preparedness to provide cross-cultural care: Implications for clinical care and medical education policy. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/usr_doc/1026_Betancourt_resident_MDs_preparedness_provide_cross-cultural_care.pdf (accessed December 9, 2013).
    • (2007)
    • Betancourt, J.1    Weissman, J.S.2    Kim, M.3    Park, E.R.4    Maina, A.W.5
  • 108
    • 84874822061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complexities of national health care workforce planning: A review of current data and methodologies and recommendations fopr future studies
    • Washington, DC: Deloitte Center for Health Solutions.
    • Bipartisan Policy Center. 2011. The complexities of national health care workforce planning: A review of current data and methodologies and recommendations fopr future studies. Washington, DC: Deloitte Center for Health Solutions.
    • (2011)
  • 109
    • 77449138758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health human resources planning and the production of health: Development of an extended analytical framework for needs-based health human resources planning
    • Birch, S., G. Kephart, G. T. Murphy, L. O'Brien-Pallas, R. Alder, and A. MacKenzie. 2009. Health human resources planning and the production of health: Development of an extended analytical framework for needs-based health human resources planning. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 15(Nov (Suppl)):S56-S61.
    • (2009) Journal of Public Health Management and Practice , vol.15 , Issue.NOV SUPPL. , pp. S56-S61
    • Birch, S.1    Kephart, G.2    Murphy, G.T.3    O'Brien-Pallas, L.4    Alder, R.5    MacKenzie, A.6
  • 110
    • 4544293914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New steam from an old cauldron: The physician-supply debate
    • Blumenthal, D. 2004. New steam from an old cauldron: The physician-supply debate. New England Journal of Medicine 350(17):1780-1787.
    • (2004) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.350 , Issue.17 , pp. 1780-1787
    • Blumenthal, D.1
  • 111
    • 33847321223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The primary care-specialty income gap: Why it matters
    • Bodenheimer, T., R. A. Berenson, and P. Rudolf. 2007. The primary care-specialty income gap: Why it matters. Annals of Internal Medicine 146:301-306. doi:10.7326/0003- 4819-146-4-200702200-00011.
    • (2007) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.146 , pp. 301-306
    • Bodenheimer, T.1    Berenson, R.A.2    Rudolf, P.3
  • 112
    • 77958110637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care: Current problems and proposed solutions
    • Bodenheimer, T. S., and H. H. Pham. 2010. Primary care: Current problems and proposed solutions. Health Affairs 29(5):799-805.
    • (2010) Health Affairs , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 799-805
    • Bodenheimer, T.S.1    Pham, H.H.2
  • 113
    • 59449090134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: Can the U.S. health care workforce do the job?
    • Bodenheimer, T. S., E. Chen, and H. D. Bennett. 2009. Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: Can the U.S. health care workforce do the job? Health Affairs 28(1):64-74.
    • (2009) Health Affairs , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-74
    • Bodenheimer, T.S.1    Chen, E.2    Bennett, H.D.3
  • 114
    • 84899907642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synopsis of Roundtable on Physician Readiness for a Reformed Delivery System
    • Washington, DC: Center for Total Health.
    • Center for Total Health. 2011. Synopsis of Roundtable on Physician Readiness for a Reformed Delivery System. Washington, DC: Center for Total Health.
    • (2011)
  • 116
    • 85056567524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care physician workforce and Medicare beneficiaries' health outcomes
    • Chang, C. H., T. A. Stukel, A. B. Flood, and D. C. Goodman. 2011. Primary care physician workforce and Medicare beneficiaries' health outcomes. JAMA 306(2):162.
    • (2011) JAMA , vol.306 , Issue.2 , pp. 162
    • Chang, C.H.1    Stukel, T.A.2    Flood, A.B.3    Goodman, D.C.4
  • 117
    • 84871041330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching health centers: A new paradigm in graduate medical education
    • Chen, C., F. Chen, and F. Mullan. 2012. Teaching health centers: A new paradigm in graduate medical education. Academic Medicine 87(12):1752-1756.
    • (2012) Academic Medicine , vol.87 , Issue.12 , pp. 1752-1756
    • Chen, C.1    Chen, F.2    Mullan, F.3
  • 118
    • 84872076239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The redistribution of graduate medical education positions in 2005 failed to boost primary care or rural training
    • Chen, C., I. Xierali, K. Piwnica-Worms, and R. Phillips. 2013. The redistribution of graduate medical education positions in 2005 failed to boost primary care or rural training. Health Affairs 32(1):102-110.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 102-110
    • Chen, C.1    Xierali, I.2    Piwnica-Worms, K.3    Phillips, R.4
  • 119
    • 77951686243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which medical schools produce rural physicians? A 15-year update
    • Chen, F., M. Fordyce, S. Andes, and L. G. Hart. 2010. Which medical schools produce rural physicians? A 15-year update. Academic Medicine 85(4):594-598.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 594-598
    • Chen, F.1    Fordyce, M.2    Andes, S.3    Hart, L.G.4
  • 120
    • 85080716703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New and developing COMs and campuses
    • (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • COCA (Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation). 2013. New and developing COMs and campuses. https://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/accreditation/predoctoral%20accreditation/Documents/new-and-developing-colleges-of-osteopathic-medicine-andcampuses.pdf (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 121
    • 0008964636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelfth report
    • Minorities in medicine. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME (Council of Graduate Medical Education). 1998. Twelfth report. Minorities in medicine. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (1998)
  • 122
    • 33748261520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sixteenth report: Physician workforce policy guidelines for the United States
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2005a. Sixteenth report: Physician workforce policy guidelines for the United States. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2005)
  • 123
    • 33845757786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelfth report: Minorities in medicine: An ethnic and cultural challenge for physician training: An update
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2005b. Twelfth report: Minorities in medicine: An ethnic and cultural challenge for physician training: An update. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2005)
  • 124
    • 84921489346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education
    • (accessed August 12, 2013).
    • COGME. 2013. Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/Reports/twentyfirstreport.pdf (accessed August 12, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 125
    • 44449173722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will generalist physician supply meet demands of an increasing and aging population?
    • Colwill, J. M., J. M. Cultice, and R. L. Kruse. 2008. Will generalist physician supply meet demands of an increasing and aging population? Health Affairs 27(3):w232-w241.
    • (2008) Health Affairs , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. w232-w241
    • Colwill, J.M.1    Cultice, J.M.2    Kruse, R.L.3
  • 126
    • 0042662824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical schools and their applicants: An analysis
    • Cooper, R. A. 2003. Medical schools and their applicants: An analysis. Health Affairs 22(4):71-84.
    • (2003) Health Affairs , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 71-84
    • Cooper, R.A.1
  • 127
    • 84872276012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who will provide primary care and how will they be trained?
    • Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Durham, NC, January 8-11.
    • Cronenwett, L., and V. J. Dzau, (Eds.). 2010. Who will provide primary care and how will they be trained? Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Durham, NC, January 8-11.
    • (2010)
    • Cronenwett, L.1    Dzau, V.J.2
  • 128
    • 84855675336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaps in residency training should be addressed to better prepare doctors for a twenty-first-century delivery system
    • Crosson, F. J., J. Leu, B. M. Roemer, and M. N. Ross. 2011. Gaps in residency training should be addressed to better prepare doctors for a twenty-first-century delivery system. Health Affairs 30(11):2142-2148.
    • (2011) Health Affairs , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 2142-2148
    • Crosson, F.J.1    Leu, J.2    Roemer, B.M.3    Ross, M.N.4
  • 130
    • 79958113808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trained to avoid primary care
    • Dowdy, D. W. 2011. Trained to avoid primary care. Annals of Internal Medicine 154(11): 776-777.
    • (2011) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.154 , Issue.11 , pp. 776-777
    • Dowdy, D.W.1
  • 131
    • 84861016552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care health workforce in the United States
    • (accessed November 1, 2012).
    • Dower, K., and E. O'Neill. 2011. Primary care health workforce in the United States. http://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/issue_briefs/2011/rwjf402104/subassets/rwjf402104_1 (accessed November 1, 2012).
    • (2011)
    • Dower, K.1    O'Neill, E.2
  • 132
    • 51449110780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future salary and US residency fill rate revisited
    • Ebell, M. H. 2008. Future salary and US residency fill rate revisited. JAMA 300(10):1131-1132.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , Issue.10 , pp. 1131-1132
    • Ebell, M.H.1
  • 133
    • 0037363582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International medical graduates and the primary care workforce for rural underserved areas
    • Fink, K. S., R. L. Phillips, G. E. Fryer, and N. Koehn. 2003. International medical graduates and the primary care workforce for rural underserved areas. Health Affairs 22(2):255-262.
    • (2003) Health Affairs , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 255-262
    • Fink, K.S.1    Phillips, R.L.2    Fryer, G.E.3    Koehn, N.4
  • 134
    • 0003620113 scopus 로고
    • Medical education in the United States and Canada: A report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
    • New York: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
    • Flexner, A. 1910. Medical education in the United States and Canada: A report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
    • (1910)
    • Flexner, A.1
  • 135
    • 84862608197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteopathic physicians and international medical graduates in the rural primary care physician workforce
    • Fordyce, M. A., M. P. Doescher, F. M. Chen, and L. G. Hart. 2012. Osteopathic physicians and international medical graduates in the rural primary care physician workforce. Family Medicine 44(6):396-403..
    • (2012) Family Medicine , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 396-403
    • Fordyce, M.A.1    Doescher, M.P.2    Chen, F.M.3    Hart, L.G.4
  • 136
    • 17844391280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Career plans for trainees in internal medicine residency programs
    • Garibaldi, R. A., C. Popkave, and W. Bylsma. 2005. Career plans for trainees in internal medicine residency programs. Academic Medicine 80(5):507-512.
    • (2005) Academic Medicine , vol.80 , Issue.5 , pp. 507-512
    • Garibaldi, R.A.1    Popkave, C.2    Bylsma, W.3
  • 138
    • 79960375051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A history of medical student debt: Observations and implications for the future of medical education
    • Greysen, S. R., C. Chen, and F. Mullan. 2011. A history of medical student debt: Observations and implications for the future of medical education. Academic Medicine 86(7):840-845.
    • (2011) Academic Medicine , vol.86 , Issue.7 , pp. 840-845
    • Greysen, S.R.1    Chen, C.2    Mullan, F.3
  • 139
    • 41749122607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disparities in human resources: Addressing the lack of diversity in the health professions
    • Grumbach, K., and R. Mendoza. 2008. Disparities in human resources: Addressing the lack of diversity in the health professions. Health Affairs 27(2):413-422.
    • (2008) Health Affairs , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 413-422
    • Grumbach, K.1    Mendoza, R.2
  • 140
    • 18144374517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The migration of physicians from sub-Saharan Africa to the United States of America: Measures of the African brain drain
    • Hagopian, A., M. J. Thompson, M. Fordyce, K. E. Johnson, and L. G. Hart. 2004. The migration of physicians from sub-Saharan Africa to the United States of America: Measures of the African brain drain. Human Resources for Health 2(17).
    • (2004) Human Resources for Health , vol.2 , Issue.17
    • Hagopian, A.1    Thompson, M.J.2    Fordyce, M.3    Johnson, K.E.4    Hart, L.G.5
  • 142
    • 79953051821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and primary care utilization
    • Hofer, A., J. Abraham, and I. Moscovice. 2011. Expansion of coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and primary care utilization. Milbank Quarterly 89(1):69-89.
    • (2011) Milbank Quarterly , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-89
    • Hofer, A.1    Abraham, J.2    Moscovice, I.3
  • 143
    • 85080715100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Health Center GME payments: Aggregate payments through August 1, 2013
    • (accessed August 23, 2013).
    • HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration). 2013. Teaching Health Center GME payments: Aggregate payments through August 1, 2013. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/grants/teachinghealthcenters/payments.html (accessed August 23, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 144
    • 84877757737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding the role of advanced nurse practitioners-Risks and rewards
    • Iglehart, J. K. 2013a. Expanding the role of advanced nurse practitioners-Risks and rewards. New England Journal of Medicine 368(20):1935-1941.
    • (2013) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.368 , Issue.20 , pp. 1935-1941
    • Iglehart, J.K.1
  • 146
    • 0003717028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telemedicine
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • IOM (Institute of Medicine). 1996. Telemedicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (1996)
  • 147
    • 0141472959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health professions education: A bridge to quality (Quality Chasm Series)
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2003a. Health professions education: A bridge to quality (Quality Chasm Series). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2003)
  • 148
    • 85004035692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2003b. Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2003)
  • 149
    • 9744263298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the nation's compelling interest
    • Ensuring diversity in the health care workforce. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2004. In the nation's compelling interest. Ensuring diversity in the health care workforce. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2004)
  • 150
    • 84867725432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Best care at lower cost: The path to continuously learning health care in America
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2012a. Best care at lower cost: The path to continuously learning health care in America. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2012)
  • 151
    • 84868667786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mental health and substance use workforce for older adults: In whose hands?
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2012b. The mental health and substance use workforce for older adults: In whose hands? Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2012)
  • 152
    • 77953152295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care specialty choices of United States medical graduates, 1997-2006
    • Jeffe, D. B., A. J. Whelan, and D. A. Andriole. 2010. Primary care specialty choices of United States medical graduates, 1997-2006. Academic Medicine 85(6):947-958.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 947-958
    • Jeffe, D.B.1    Whelan, A.J.2    Andriole, D.A.3
  • 153
    • 65249135888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of U.S. medical students by parental income
    • Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges.
    • Jolly, P. 2008. Diversity of U.S. medical students by parental income. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges.
    • (2008)
    • Jolly, P.1
  • 154
    • 84875860809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. graduate medical education and physician specialty choice
    • Jolly, P., C. Erikson, and G. Garrison. 2013. U.S. graduate medical education and physician specialty choice. Academic Medicine 88(4):468-474.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 468-474
    • Jolly, P.1    Erikson, C.2    Garrison, G.3
  • 156
    • 79851476829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The states' next challenge-securing primary care for expanded medicaid populations
    • Ku, L., K. Jones, P. Shin, B. Bruen, and K. Hayes. 2011. The states' next challenge-securing primary care for expanded medicaid populations. New England Journal of Medicine 364(6):493-495.
    • (2011) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.364 , Issue.6 , pp. 493-495
    • Ku, L.1    Jones, K.2    Shin, P.3    Bruen, B.4    Hayes, K.5
  • 157
    • 84888242054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Too lazy for primary care?
    • Kussmaul, W. G. 2013. Too lazy for primary care? Annals of Internal Medicine 159(10): 711-712.
    • (2013) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.159 , Issue.10 , pp. 711-712
    • Kussmaul, G.W.1
  • 158
    • 85080645527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical school directory
    • (accessed January 27, 2014).
    • LCME (Liaison Committee on Medical Education). 2013. Medical school directory. http://www.lcme.org/directory.htm#pre-accredited-programs (accessed January 27, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 161
    • 84893594202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority physicians' role in the care of underserved patients: Diversifying the physician workforce may be key in addressing health disparities
    • Marrast, L. M., L. Zallman, S. Woolhandler, D. H. Bor, and D. McCormick. 2013. Minority physicians' role in the care of underserved patients: Diversifying the physician workforce may be key in addressing health disparities. JAMA Internal Medicine 174(2):289-291.
    • (2013) JAMA Internal Medicine , vol.174 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-291
    • Marrast, L.M.1    Zallman, L.2    Woolhandler, S.3    Bor, D.H.4    McCormick, D.5
  • 162
    • 84946908283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC (Medicare Payment Advisory Commission). 2009. Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2009)
  • 163
    • 0029010269 scopus 로고
    • Physician race and care of minority and medically indigent patients
    • Moy, E., and B. A. Bartman. 1995. Physician race and care of minority and medically indigent patients. JAMA 273(19):1515-1520.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , Issue.19 , pp. 1515-1520
    • Moy, E.1    Bartman, B.A.2
  • 164
    • 27244454795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metrics of the physician brain drain
    • Mullan, F. 2005. The metrics of the physician brain drain. New England Journal of Medicine 353:1810-1818.
    • (2005) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.353 , pp. 1810-1818
    • Mullan, F.1
  • 166
    • 84893703179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The accreditation system after the "next accreditation system."
    • Nasca, T., K. Weiss, J. Bagian, and T. Brigham. 2014a. The accreditation system after the "next accreditation system." Academic Medicine 89(1):27-29.
    • (2014) Academic Medicine , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-29
    • Nasca, T.1    Weiss, K.2    Bagian, J.3    Brigham, T.4
  • 167
    • 84896791695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving clinical learning environments for tomorrow's physicians
    • Nasca, T. J., K. B. Weiss, and J. P. Bagian. 2014b. Improving clinical learning environments for tomorrow's physicians. New England Journal of Medicine 370(11):991-993.
    • (2014) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.370 , Issue.11 , pp. 991-993
    • Nasca, T.J.1    Weiss, K.B.2    Bagian, J.P.3
  • 168
    • 77957604020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive framework and preferred practices for measuring and reporting cultural competency: A consensus report
    • Washington, DC: National Quality Forum.
    • National Quality Forum. 2009. A comprehensive framework and preferred practices for measuring and reporting cultural competency: A consensus report. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum.
    • (2009)
  • 169
    • 84930828963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will the United States have a shortage of physicians in 10 years?
    • (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • Nicholson, S. 2009. Will the United States have a shortage of physicians in 10 years? http://www.academyhealth.org/files/publications/HCFOReportDec09.pdf (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • (2009)
    • Nicholson, S.1
  • 171
    • 0012152451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results and data: 2002 match
    • (accessed January 29, 2014).
    • NRMP (National Resident Matching Program). 2002. Results and data: 2002 match. http://b83c73bcf0e7ca356c80-e8560f466940e4ec38ed51af32994bc6.r6.cf1.rackcdn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/08/resultsanddata2002.pdf (accessed January 29, 2014).
    • (2002)
  • 172
    • 84937513312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results and data: Specialties matching service 2012 appointment year
    • Washington, DC: NRMP.
    • NRMP. 2012. Results and data: Specialties matching service 2012 appointment year. Washington, DC: NRMP.
    • (2012)
  • 173
    • 84867177307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results and data: 2013 main residency match
    • Washington, DC: NRMP.
    • NRMP. 2013. Results and data: 2013 main residency match. Washington, DC: NRMP.
    • (2013)
  • 174
    • 85080660379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advance data tables. 2014 main residency match
    • (accessed May 12, 2014).
    • NRMP. 2014a. Advance data tables. 2014 main residency match. http://www.nrmp.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014-NRMP-Main-Residency-Match-AdvanceData-Tables-FINAL.pdf (accessed May 12, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 175
    • 85080779378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. medical students learn 2014 national resident matching program in main residency match day results in ceremonies today
    • (accessed May 12, 2014).
    • NRMP. 2014b. U.S. medical students learn 2014 national resident matching program in main residency match day results in ceremonies today. http://www.nrmp.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014-National-Resident-Matching-Program-NRMP-Main-Residency-Match-Results-Press-Release.pdf (accessed May 12, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 177
    • 84897690902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching residents to provide cost-conscious care: A national survey of residency program directors
    • Patel, M. S., D. A. Reed, L. Loertscher, F. S. McDonald, and V. M. Arora. 2014. Teaching residents to provide cost-conscious care: A national survey of residency program directors. JAMA Internal Medicine 174(3):470-472.
    • (2014) JAMA Internal Medicine , vol.174 , Issue.3 , pp. 470-472
    • Patel, M.S.1    Reed, D.A.2    Loertscher, L.3    McDonald, F.S.4    Arora, V.M.5
  • 179
    • 0004053235 scopus 로고
    • Critical challenges: Revitalizing the health professions for the twenty-first century
    • (accessed January 2, 2014).
    • Pew Health Professions Commission. 1995. Critical challenges: Revitalizing the health professions for the twenty-first century. http://futurehealth.ucsf.edu/Content/29/1995-12_Critical_Challenges_Revitalizing_the_Health_Professions_for_the_Twenty-First_Century.pdf (accessed January 2, 2014).
    • (1995)
  • 180
    • 84859543700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The next phase of Title VII funding for training primary care physicians for America's health care needs
    • Phillips, R. L., Jr., and B. J. Turner. 2012. The next phase of Title VII funding for training primary care physicians for America's health care needs. Annals of Family Medicine 10(2):163-168.
    • (2012) Annals of Family Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-168
    • Phillips, R.L.1    Turner, B.J.2
  • 181
    • 67649405112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialty and geographic distribution of the physician workforce: What influences medical student & resident choices?
    • (accessed April 7, 2013).
    • Phillips, R.L., Dodoo, M.S., Petterson, S., Xierali, I., Bazemore, A., 2009. Specialty and geographic distribution of the physician workforce: What influences medical student & resident choices? http://www.macyfoundation.org/docs/macy_pubs/pub_grahamcenterstudy.pdf (accessed April 7, 2013).
    • (2009)
    • Phillips, R.L.1    Dodoo, M.S.2    Petterson, S.3    Xierali, I.4    Bazemore, A.5
  • 182
    • 84889079243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do residents who train in safety net settings return for practice?
    • Phillips, R. L., S. Petterson, and A. Bazemore. 2013. Do residents who train in safety net settings return for practice? Academic Medicine 88(12):1934-1940.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 1934-1940
    • Phillips, R.L.1    Petterson, S.2    Bazemore, A.3
  • 183
    • 84892992038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness over efficiency: Underestimating the primary care physician shortage
    • Phillips, R., A. Bazemore, and L. Peterson. 2014. Effectiveness over efficiency: Underestimating the primary care physician shortage. Medical Care 52(2):97-98.
    • (2014) Medical Care , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 97-98
    • Phillips, R.1    Bazemore, A.2    Peterson, L.3
  • 185
    • 22944482164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term retention of graduates from a program to increase the supply of rural family physicians
    • Rabinowitz, H. K., J. J. Diamond, F. W. Markham, and C. Rabinowitz. 2005. Long-term retention of graduates from a program to increase the supply of rural family physicians. Academic Medicine 80(8):728-732.
    • (2005) Academic Medicine , vol.80 , Issue.8 , pp. 728-732
    • Rabinowitz, H.K.1    Diamond, J.J.2    Markham, F.W.3    Rabinowitz, C.4
  • 186
    • 43249122356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical school programs to increase the rural physician supply: A systematic review and projected impact of widespread replication
    • Rabinowitz, H. K., J. J. Diamond, F. W. Markham, and J. R. Wortman. 2008. Medical school programs to increase the rural physician supply: A systematic review and projected impact of widespread replication. Academic Medicine 83(3):235-243.
    • (2008) Academic Medicine , vol.83 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-243
    • Rabinowitz, H.K.1    Diamond, J.J.2    Markham, F.W.3    Wortman, J.R.4
  • 187
    • 84859427132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between entering medical students' backgrounds and career plans and their rural practice outcomes three decades later
    • Rabinowitz, H. K., J. J. Diamond, F. W. Markham, and A. J. Santana. 2012. The relationship between entering medical students' backgrounds and career plans and their rural practice outcomes three decades later. Academic Medicine 87(4):493-497.
    • (2012) Academic Medicine , vol.87 , Issue.4 , pp. 493-497
    • Rabinowitz, H.K.1    Diamond, J.J.2    Markham, F.W.3    Santana, A.J.4
  • 188
    • 84863520107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial implications of the patient-centered medical home
    • Reid, R. J., and E. B. Larson. 2012. Financial implications of the patient-centered medical home. JAMA 308(1):83-84.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.308 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-84
    • Reid, R.J.1    Larson, E.B.2
  • 189
    • 79952828821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health care workforce: Will it be ready as the boomers age? A review of how we can know (or not know) the answer
    • Ricketts, T. C. 2011. The health care workforce: Will it be ready as the boomers age? A review of how we can know (or not know) the answer. Annual Review of Public Health 32:417-430.
    • (2011) Annual Review of Public Health , vol.32 , pp. 417-430
    • Ricketts, C.T.1
  • 190
    • 84889093502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The migration of physicians and the local supply of practitioners: A five-year comparison
    • Ricketts, T. C. 2013. The migration of physicians and the local supply of practitioners: A five-year comparison. Academic Medicine 88(12):1913-1918.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 1913-1918
    • Ricketts, C.T.1
  • 191
    • 77951695934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary: Do medical schools have a responsibility to train physicians to meet the needs of the public? The case of persistent rural physician shortages
    • Rosenblatt, 2010. Commentary: Do medical schools have a responsibility to train physicians to meet the needs of the public? The case of persistent rural physician shortages. Academic Medicine 85(4):572-574.
    • (2010) Academic Medicine , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 572-574
    • Rosenblatt1
  • 192
    • 84893540672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking diversity seriously: The merits of increasing minority representation in medicine
    • Saha, S. 2014. Taking diversity seriously: The merits of increasing minority representation in medicine. JAMA Internal Medicine 174(2):291-292.
    • (2014) JAMA Internal Medicine , vol.174 , Issue.2 , pp. 291-292
    • Saha, S.1
  • 193
    • 38849151653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race-neutral versus race-conscious workforce policy to improve access to care
    • Saha, S., and S. A. Shipman. 2008. Race-neutral versus race-conscious workforce policy to improve access to care. Health Affairs 27(1):234-245.
    • (2008) Health Affairs , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 234-245
    • Saha, S.1    Shipman, S.A.2
  • 194
    • 85080780614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual State of the Physician Workforce address. AAMC
    • (accessed January 28, 2013).
    • Salsberg, E. 2009. Annual State of the Physician Workforce address. AAMC. https://www.aamc.org/download/82844/data/annualaddress09.pdf (accessed January 28, 2013).
    • (2009)
    • Salsberg, E.1
  • 195
    • 84956537071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2014 GME residency match results: Is there really a "GME" squeeze?
    • (accessed April 28, 2014).
    • Salsberg, E. 2014. The 2014 GME residency match results: Is there really a "GME" squeeze? http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2014/04/24/the-2014-gme-residency-match-results-is-therereally-a-gme-squeeze (accessed April 28, 2014).
    • (2014)
    • Salsberg, E.1
  • 196
    • 79955768642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in medical students' views of internal medicine careers from 1990 to 2007
    • Schwartz, M. D., S. Durning, M. Linzer, and K. E. Hauer. 2011. Changes in medical students' views of internal medicine careers from 1990 to 2007. Archives of Internal Medicine 171(8):744.
    • (2011) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.171 , Issue.8 , pp. 744
    • Schwartz, M.D.1    Durning, S.2    Linzer, M.3    Hauer, K.E.4
  • 197
    • 84867843434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal medicine physicians' knowledge of health care charges
    • Sehgal, R. T., and P. Gorman. 2011. Internal medicine physicians' knowledge of health care charges. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 3(2):182-187.
    • (2011) Journal of Graduate Medical Education , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 182-187
    • Sehgal, R.T.1    Gorman, P.2
  • 198
    • 34147177844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Researching the educational benefits of diversity
    • The College Board. Research Report number 2005-4. New York: The College Board.
    • Shaw, E. J. 2005. Researching the educational benefits of diversity. The College Board. Research Report number 2005-4. New York: The College Board.
    • (2005)
    • Shaw, E.J.1
  • 199
    • 77449093413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care reform. Are we missing the important issues?
    • Sheldon, G. F. 2010. Health care reform. Are we missing the important issues? Annals of Surgery 251(2):201-202.
    • (2010) Annals of Surgery , vol.251 , Issue.2 , pp. 201-202
    • Sheldon, G.F.1
  • 200
    • 84889081889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the workforce implications of a decade of medical school expansion: Variations in medical school growth and changes in student characteristics and career plans
    • Shipman, S. A., K. C. Jones, C. E. Erikson, and S. F. Sandberg. 2013. Exploring the workforce implications of a decade of medical school expansion: Variations in medical school growth and changes in student characteristics and career plans. Academic Medicine 88(12):1904-1912.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 1904-1912
    • Shipman, S.A.1    Jones, K.C.2    Erikson, C.E.3    Sandberg, S.F.4
  • 201
    • 78650698500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal medicine residency training on topics in ambulatory care: A status report
    • Sisson, S. D., and D. Dalal. 2011. Internal medicine residency training on topics in ambulatory care: A status report. American Journal of Medicine 124(1):86-90.
    • (2011) American Journal of Medicine , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 86-90
    • Sisson, S.D.1    Dalal, D.2
  • 202
    • 85080677267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing ethnic and racial diversity: A crucial measure for reducing health disparities
    • Presentation to the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities, Washington, DC, September 10.
    • Sullivan, L. W. 2010. Increasing ethnic and racial diversity: A crucial measure for reducing health disparities. Presentation to the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities, Washington, DC, September 10.
    • (2010)
    • Sullivan, L.W.1
  • 203
    • 84870514971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residency training and international medical graduates: Coming to America no more
    • Traverso, G., and G. T. McMahon. 2012. Residency training and international medical graduates: Coming to America no more. JAMA 308(21):2193-2194.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.308 , Issue.21 , pp. 2193-2194
    • Traverso, G.1    McMahon, G.T.2
  • 204
    • 85080646922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • UCLA International Medical Graduate (IMG) Program. 2013. https://giving.ucla.edu/Standard/NetDonate.aspx?SiteNum=256 (accessed January 28, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 205
    • 84875386554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodology and assumptions for the 2012 national projections
    • (accessed May 5, 2014).
    • U.S. Census Bureau. 2012. Methodology and assumptions for the 2012 national projections. http://www.census.gov/population/projections/files/methodology/methodstatement12.pdf (accessed May 5, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 206
    • 85080636542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequently Asked Questions. How many people reside in urban or rural areas for the 2010 Census? What percentage of the U.S. population is urban or rural?
    • (accessed May 8, 2014).
    • U.S. Census Bureau. 2013. Frequently Asked Questions. How many people reside in urban or rural areas for the 2010 Census? What percentage of the U.S. population is urban or rural? https://ask.census.gov/faq.php?id=5000&faqId=5971 (accessed May 8, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 207
    • 77958100348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can we close the income and wealth gap between specialists and primary care physicians?
    • Vaughn, B. T., S. R. DeVrieze, S. D. Reed, and K. A. Schulman. 2010. Can we close the income and wealth gap between specialists and primary care physicians? Health Affairs 29(5):933-940.
    • (2010) Health Affairs , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 933-940
    • Vaughn, B.T.1    DeVrieze, S.R.2    Reed, S.D.3    Schulman, K.A.4
  • 208
    • 84888249076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Too smart for primary care?
    • Warm, E. J., and C. Goetz. 2013. Too smart for primary care? Annals of Internal Medicine 159(10):709-710.
    • (2013) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.159 , Issue.10 , pp. 709-710
    • Warm, E.J.1    Goetz, C.2
  • 210
    • 84888101417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of health information technology and e-health on the future demand for physician services
    • Weiner, J. P., S. Yeh, and D. Blumenthal. 2013. The impact of health information technology and e-health on the future demand for physician services. Health Affairs 32(11): 1998-2004.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1998-2004
    • Weiner, J.P.1    Yeh, S.2    Blumenthal, D.3
  • 211
    • 84870547211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General medicine vs. subspecialty career plans among internal medicine residents
    • West, C. P., and D. M. Dupras. 2012. General medicine vs. subspecialty career plans among internal medicine residents. JAMA 308(21):2241-2247.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.308 , Issue.21 , pp. 2241-2247
    • West, C.P.1    Dupras, D.M.2
  • 212
    • 77950349553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal medicine resident self-report of factors associated with career decisions
    • West, C. P., M. M. Drefahl, C. Popkave, and J. C. Kolars. 2009. Internal medicine resident self-report of factors associated with career decisions. Journal of General Internal Medicine 24(8):946-949.
    • (2009) Journal of General Internal Medicine , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 946-949
    • West, C.P.1    Drefahl, M.M.2    Popkave, C.3    Kolars, J.C.4
  • 213
    • 70350751119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New and developing medical schools: Motivating factors, major challenges, planning strategies
    • New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • Whitcomb, M. E. 2009. New and developing medical schools: Motivating factors, major challenges, planning strategies. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • (2009)
    • Whitcomb, M.E.1
  • 214
    • 70350751119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New and developing medical schools: Motivating factors, major challenges, planning strategies
    • Part 2. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • Whitcomb, M. E. 2013. New and developing medical schools: Motivating factors, major challenges, planning strategies. Part 2. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • (2013)
    • Whitcomb, M.E.1
  • 215
    • 55349147590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One size does not fit all: Meeting the health care needs of diverse populations
    • (accessed February 9, 2014).
    • Wilson-Stronks, A., K. K. Lee, C. L. Cordero, A. L. Kopp, and E. Galvez. 2008. One size does not fit all: Meeting the health care needs of diverse populations. http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/6/HLCOneSizeFinal.pdf (accessed February 9, 2014).
    • (2008)
    • Wilson-Stronks, A.1    Lee, K.K.2    Cordero, C.L.3    Kopp, A.L.4    Galvez, E.5
  • 216
    • 84921484629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs
    • Santa Monica, CA: RAND Health.
    • Wynn, B.O., R. Smalley, and K. Cordasco. 2013. Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs. http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR324. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Health.
    • (2013)
    • Wynn, B.O.1    Smalley, R.2    Cordasco, K.3
  • 217
    • 85080793247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposed reductions in Medicare IME payments to AAMC teaching hospitals: National and state economic impacts
    • (accessed February 25, 2014).
    • AAMC (Association of American Medical Colleges). 2011. Proposed reductions in Medicare IME payments to AAMC teaching hospitals: National and state economic impacts. https://www.aamc.org/download/253360/data/trippumbach.pdf (accessed February 25, 2014).
    • (2011)
  • 218
    • 84902264527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AAMC survey of resident/fellow stipends and benefits
    • (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2012a. AAMC survey of resident/fellow stipends and benefits. https://www.aamc.org/download/312786/data/2012stipendsurveyreportfinal.pdf (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 219
    • 85013362235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A snapshot of the new and developing medical schools in the U.S. and Canada
    • (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2012b. A snapshot of the new and developing medical schools in the U.S. and Canada. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/A%20Snapshot%20of%20the%20New%20and%20Developing%20Medical%20Schools%20in%20the%20US%20and%20Canada.pdf (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 220
    • 85080656621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's Hospital Graduate Medical Education Payment Program (CHGME)
    • (accessed July 12, 2013).
    • AAMC. 2013. Children's Hospital Graduate Medical Education Payment Program (CHGME). https://www.aamc.org/advocacy/gme/275136/chgme.html (accessed July 12, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 221
    • 84868901738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Program director guide to the common program requirements
    • (accessed August 22, 2013).
    • ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). 2012. Program director guide to the common program requirements. http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PDFs/commonguide/CompleteGuide_v2%20.pdf (accessed August 22, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 222
    • 84894186105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glossary of terms
    • (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • ACGME. 2013. Glossary of terms. http://acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PFAssets/ProgramRequirements/ab_ACGMEglossary.pdf (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 223
    • 85080788871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NAPH Summary of Proposed Medicare DSH Regulations
    • (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • America's Essential Hospitals. 2013. NAPH Summary of Proposed Medicare DSH Regulations. http://essentialhospitals.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Medicare-DSHSummary-5-9-13.pdf (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 225
    • 85013394436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basic documents for postdoctoral training
    • (accessed June 5, 2013).
    • AOA (American Osteopathic Association). 2012. The basic documents for postdoctoral training. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/accreditation/postdoctoral-training-approval/postdoctoral-training-standards/Documents/aoa-basic-document-for-postdoctoraltraining.pdf (accessed June 5, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 226
    • 3042654713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financing of emergency medicine graduate medical education programs in an era of declining Medicare reimbursement and support
    • Baumann, M. R., T. F. Vadeboncoeur, and R. W. Schafermeyer. 2004. Financing of emergency medicine graduate medical education programs in an era of declining Medicare reimbursement and support. Academic Emergency Medicine 11(7):756-759.
    • (2004) Academic Emergency Medicine , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 756-759
    • Baumann, M.R.1    Vadeboncoeur, T.F.2    Schafermeyer, R.W.3
  • 227
    • 84891528734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education, 2012-2013
    • Brotherton, S. E., and S. I. Etzel. 2013. Graduate medical education, 2012-2013. JAMA 310(21):2328-2346.
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.310 , Issue.21 , pp. 2328-2346
    • Brotherton, S.E.1    Etzel, S.I.2
  • 228
    • 85080727805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Song-Brown Program
    • (accessed February 27, 2014).
    • California Office of Statewide Health Planning & Development. 2014. Song-Brown Program. http://www.oshpd.ca.gov/HWDD/Song_Brown_Prog.html (accessed February 27, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 229
    • 85080746355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VA funding of graduate medical education. Paper presented at Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho (WWAMI) GME Summit, Seattle, WA, March 23
    • (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • Chang, B. K. 2012. VA funding of graduate medical education. Paper presented at Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho (WWAMI) GME Summit, Seattle, WA, March 23. http://uwmedicine.org/Education/WWAMI/Documents/Chang-VA-GME-%20Funding.pdf (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • (2012)
    • Chang, B.K.1
  • 230
    • 84872076239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The redistribution of graduate medical education positions in 2005 failed to boost primary care or rural training
    • Chen, C. P., I. Xierali, K. Piwnica-Worms, and R. Phillips. 2013. The redistribution of graduate medical education positions in 2005 failed to boost primary care or rural training. Health Affairs 32(1):102-10.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 102-110
    • Chen, C.P.1    Xierali, I.2    Piwnica-Worms, K.3    Phillips, R.4
  • 231
    • 25144445571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CMS Manual System
    • Instructions Related to "Redistribution of Unused Resident Positions," Section 422 of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), P.L. 108-173, for Purposes of Graduate Medical
    • CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services). 2004. CMS Manual System. Instructions Related to "Redistribution of Unused Resident Positions," Section 422 of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), P.L. 108-173, for Purposes of Graduate Medical
    • (2004)
  • 232
    • 85080637769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed May 18).
    • Education (GME) Payments. http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Transmittals/downloads/R87otn.pdf (accessed May 18, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 233
    • 85080642700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposed Rule. Medicaid program: Graduate medical education
    • (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • CMS. 2007. Proposed Rule. Medicaid program: Graduate medical education. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2007-05-23/html/07-2576.htm (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • (2007)
  • 234
    • 85080740298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 42 CFR 413.75-Direct GME Payments: General Requirements
    • (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • CMS. 2012. 42 CFR 413.75-Direct GME Payments: General Requirements. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title42-vol2/xml/CFR-2011-title42-vol2-sec413-75.xml (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 235
    • 85080703944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct graduate medical education (DGME)
    • (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • CMS. 2013. Direct graduate medical education (DGME). http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/AcuteInpatientPPS/dgme.html# (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 236
    • 25444527816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource paper: State and managed care support for graduate medical education: Innovations and implications for federal policy
    • (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • COGME (Council on Graduate School Medical Education). 2004. Resource paper: State and managed care support for graduate medical education: Innovations and implications for federal policy. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/Publications/managedcarerpt.pdf (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • (2004)
  • 237
    • 84921489346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education
    • (accessed February 25, 2014).
    • COGME. 2013. Twenty-first report: Improving value in graduate medical education. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/Reports/twentyfirstreport.pdf (accessed February 25, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 238
    • 84891971577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public health, workforce, quality, and related provisions in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148)
    • Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
    • Congressional Research Service. 2010. Public health, workforce, quality, and related provisions in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
    • (2010)
  • 239
    • 84902581918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health policy brief: Graduate medical education
    • (accessed September 1, 2012).
    • Dower, C. 2012. Health policy brief: Graduate medical education. http://www.healthaffairs.org/healthpolicybriefs/brief.php?brief_id=73 (accessed September 1, 2012).
    • (2012)
    • Dower, C.1
  • 241
    • 0035013573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct graduate medical education payments to teaching hospitals by Medicare: Unexplained variation and public policy contradictions
    • Fryer, G. E. J., L. A. Green, S. Dovey, and R. L. J. Phillips. 2001. Direct graduate medical education payments to teaching hospitals by Medicare: Unexplained variation and public policy contradictions. Academic Medicine 76(5):439-445.
    • (2001) Academic Medicine , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 439-445
    • Fryer, G.E.J.1    Green, L.A.2    Dovey, S.3    Phillips, R.L.J.4
  • 242
    • 85080796496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid graduate medical education. GAO Report B-276272
    • (accessed July 16, 2013).
    • GAO (Government Accountability Office). 1997. Medicaid graduate medical education. GAO Report B-276272. http://www.gao.gov/assets/90/86259.pdf (accessed July 16, 2013).
    • (1997)
  • 243
    • 84948958735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VA health care: Need for more transparency in new resource allocation process and for written policies on monitoring resources
    • (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • GAO. 2011. VA health care: Need for more transparency in new resource allocation process and for written policies on monitoring resources. http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d11426.pdf (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • (2011)
  • 244
    • 84888095352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerating physician workforce transformation through competitive graduate medical education funding
    • Goodman, D. C., and R. G. Robertson. 2013. Accelerating physician workforce transformation through competitive graduate medical education funding. Health Affairs 32(11): 1887-1892.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1887-1892
    • Goodman, D.C.1    Robertson, R.G.2
  • 245
    • 85080706704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GME payments in Medicaid
    • Paper presented at workshop of the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education, Washington, DC, September 4.
    • Heffron, D. E. 2012. GME payments in Medicaid. Paper presented at workshop of the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education, Washington, DC, September 4.
    • (2012)
    • Heffron, D.E.1
  • 246
    • 49249134697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid direct and indirect graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • Henderson, T. M. 2006. Medicaid direct and indirect graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2006)
    • Henderson, T.M.1
  • 247
    • 49249134697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid direct and indirect graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • Henderson, T. M. 2010. Medicaid direct and indirect graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2010)
    • Henderson, T.M.1
  • 248
    • 84928479328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey
    • (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • Henderson, T. M. 2013. Medicaid graduate medical education payments: A 50-state survey. https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/Medicaid%20Graduate%20Medical%20Education%20Payments%20A%2050-State%20Survey.pdf (accessed June 22, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Henderson, T.M.1
  • 249
    • 85080707594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRS report: Medicaid and graduate medical education
    • (accessed September 29, 2012).
    • Herz, E., and S. Tilson. 2009. CRS report: Medicaid and graduate medical education. http://aging.senate.gov/crs/medicaid8.pdf (accessed September 29, 2012).
    • (2009)
    • Herz, E.1    Tilson, S.2
  • 250
    • 85080770653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual report on the preventive medicine and public health training grant program, fiscal year 2010
    • (accessed February 26, 2014).
    • HHS (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). 2011. Annual report on the preventive medicine and public health training grant program, fiscal year 2010. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/grants/publichealth/pmr2010report.pdf (accessed February 26, 2014).
    • (2011)
  • 251
    • 85013421376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program
    • Funding Opportunity Announcement. Bureau of Health Professionals. HRSA-12-007. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration). 2011a. Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program. Funding Opportunity Announcement. Bureau of Health Professionals. HRSA-12-007. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2011)
  • 252
    • 85080728188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program. Funding Cycle View. HRSA-12-007
    • (accessed August 13, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2011b. Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program. Funding Cycle View. HRSA-12-007. https://grants3.hrsa.gov/2010/Web2External/Interface/FundingCycle/ExternalView.aspx?&fCycleID=30B17241-92E6-45A5-B313-FBC02D7D65DD&txtAction=View+Details&submitAction=Go&ViewMode=EU (accessed August 13, 2013).
    • (2011)
  • 253
    • 78650050918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Justification of Estimates for Appropriations Committees
    • (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013a. Justification of Estimates for Appropriations Committees. http://www.hrsa.gov/about/budget/budgetjustification2013.pdf (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 254
    • 85080641831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to Congress: Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education (CHGME) Payment Program
    • (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013b. Report to Congress: Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education (CHGME) Payment Program. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/childrenshospitalgme/pdf/reporttocongress2013.pdf (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 255
    • 84906883512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequestration Operating Plan for FY 2013
    • (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013c. Sequestration Operating Plan for FY 2013. http://www.hrsa.gov/about/budget/operatingplan2013.pdf (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 256
    • 85080715100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Health Center GME Payments
    • (accessed August 1, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013d. Teaching Health Center GME Payments. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/grants/teachinghealthcenters/payments.html (accessed August 1, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 257
    • 84931271403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Health Service Corps
    • (accessed February 24, 2014).
    • HRSA Bureau of Clinician Recruitment and Service. 2013. National Health Service Corps. http://www.hrsa.gov/about/organization/bureaus/bcrs/nhscoverview.html (accessed February 24, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 258
    • 85080767268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program
    • Documentation Guidance. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • HRSA Bureau of Health Professions. 2010. Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program. Documentation Guidance. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2010)
  • 259
    • 85080776975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The A, B, C's of the CHGME Payment Program from policy to payments
    • (accessed August 3, 2013).
    • HRSA Bureau of Health Professions. 2011. The A, B, C's of the CHGME Payment Program from policy to payments. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/childrenshospitalgme/ppt/policytopayments.pptx (accessed August 3, 2013).
    • (2011)
  • 260
    • 85080689871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education (THCGME)
    • Funding opportunity announcement fiscal year 2013. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • HRSA Bureau of Health Professions. 2012. Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education (THCGME). Funding opportunity announcement fiscal year 2013. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2012)
  • 261
    • 0033595081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support for academic medical centers: Revisiting the 1997 Balanced Budget Act
    • Iglehart, J. K. 1999. Support for academic medical centers: Revisiting the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. New England Journal of Medicine 341(4):299-304.
    • (1999) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.341 , Issue.4 , pp. 299-304
    • Iglehart, J.K.1
  • 262
    • 84877757737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding the role of advanced nurse practitioners-risks and rewards
    • Iglehart, J. K. 2013. Expanding the role of advanced nurse practitioners-risks and rewards. New England Journal of Medicine 368(20):1935-1941.
    • (2013) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.368 , Issue.20 , pp. 1935-1941
    • Iglehart, J.K.1
  • 263
    • 84940017816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensuring an effective physician workforce for America
    • Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, October 24-25.
    • Johns, M. M. E. 2010. Ensuring an effective physician workforce for America. Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, October 24-25.
    • (2010)
    • Johns, E.M.M.1
  • 264
    • 84872348635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicaid financing: An overview of the Federal Medicaid Matching Rate (FMAP)
    • (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured. 2012. Medicaid financing: An overview of the Federal Medicaid Matching Rate (FMAP). http://kaiserfamilyfoundation.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/8352.pdf (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 266
    • 24344496130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reforming graduate medical education
    • Ludmerer, K. M., and M. M. E. Johns. 2005. Reforming graduate medical education. JAMA 294(9):1083-1087.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , Issue.9 , pp. 1083-1087
    • Ludmerer, K.M.1    Johns, M.M.E.2
  • 267
    • 85080707423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chapter 10- Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC (Medicare Payment Advisory Commission). 2001. Chapter 10- Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2001)
  • 268
    • 85080691841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federally Qualified Health Centers. In Report to the Congress: Medicare and the Health Care Delivery System.(accessed August 2, 2013).
    • MedPAC. 2011. Federally Qualified Health Centers. In Report to the Congress: Medicare and the Health Care Delivery System. Pp. 145-160. http://www.medpac.gov/documents/jun11_entirereport.pdf (accessed August 2, 2013).
    • (2011) , pp. 145-160
  • 269
    • 84855346261 scopus 로고
    • Taking charge of medical education: To meet the nation's needs in the 21st century
    • New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • Morris, T. Q., and C. M. Sirica. 1993. Taking charge of medical education: To meet the nation's needs in the 21st century. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.
    • (1993)
    • Morris, T.Q.1    Sirica, C.M.2
  • 270
    • 84888101205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geography of graduate medical education: Imbalances signal need for new distribution policies
    • Mullan, F., C. Chen, and E. Steinmetz. 2013. The geography of graduate medical education: Imbalances signal need for new distribution policies. Health Affairs 32(11):1914-1921.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1914-1921
    • Mullan, F.1    Chen, C.2    Steinmetz, E.3
  • 271
    • 85080681812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health centers and health care reform: National health service corps
    • (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • NACHC (National Association of Community Health Centers). 2010. Health centers and health care reform: National health service corps. http://www.nachc.com/client/Health%20Reform%20Fact%20Sheet%20-%20NHSC%20Final2.pdf (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • (2010)
  • 272
    • 85080794935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal and state perspectives on GME reform
    • (accessed August 6, 2012).
    • National Health Policy Forum. 2001. Federal and state perspectives on GME reform. http://www.nhpf.org/library/issue-briefs/IB764_GMEReform_6-22-01.pdf (accessed August 6, 2012).
    • (2001)
  • 273
    • 84930473028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect medical education and disproportionate share adjustments to Medicare inpatient payment rates
    • Nguyen, N. X., and S. H. Sheingold. 2011. Indirect medical education and disproportionate share adjustments to Medicare inpatient payment rates. Medicare & Medicaid Research Review 1(4):E1-E19.
    • (2011) Medicare & Medicaid Research Review , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. E1-E19
    • Nguyen, N.X.1    Sheingold, S.H.2
  • 274
    • 84866154327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and changes in the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) workforce with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
    • Pathman, D. E., and T. R. Konrad. 2012. Growth and changes in the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) workforce with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 25(5):723-733.
    • (2012) Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 723-733
    • Pathman, D.E.1    Konrad, T.R.2
  • 275
    • 84867991786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • States' experiences with loan repayment programs for health care professionals in a time of state budget cuts and NHSC expansion
    • Pathman, D. E., J. C. Morgan, T. R. Konrad, and L. Goldberg. 2012. States' experiences with loan repayment programs for health care professionals in a time of state budget cuts and NHSC expansion. Journal of Rural Health 28(4):408-415.
    • (2012) Journal of Rural Health , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 408-415
    • Pathman, D.E.1    Morgan, J.C.2    Konrad, T.R.3    Goldberg, L.4
  • 276
    • 85080772612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRS report. Health workforce programs in Title VII of the Public Health Service Act
    • (accessed September 3, 2013).
    • Reyes-Akinbileje, B. 2013. CRS report. Health workforce programs in Title VII of the Public Health Service Act. http://www.cq.com/pdf/crsreports-4336312 (accessed September 3, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Reyes-Akinbileje, B.1
  • 278
    • 85080749067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education reimbursement under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
    • Bureau of National Affairs Medicare Report. Arlington, VA: BNA, Inc.
    • Roth, A. B., and N. S. Yolin. 2011. Graduate medical education reimbursement under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Bureau of National Affairs Medicare Report. Arlington, VA: BNA, Inc.
    • (2011)
    • Roth, A.B.1    Yolin, N.S.2
  • 279
    • 51449089037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. residency training before and after the 1997 Balanced Budget Act
    • Salsberg, E., P. H. Rockey, K. L. Rivers, S. E. Brotherton, and G. R. Jackson. 2008. U.S. residency training before and after the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. JAMA 300(10): 1174-1180.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , Issue.10 , pp. 1174-1180
    • Salsberg, E.1    Rockey, P.H.2    Rivers, K.L.3    Brotherton, S.E.4    Jackson, G.R.5
  • 280
    • 85080760469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testimony presented at meeting of the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education
    • Washington, DC. September 4.
    • Schoomaker, E. 2012. Testimony presented at meeting of the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education. Washington, DC. September 4.
    • (2012)
    • Schoomaker, E.1
  • 281
    • 84904693252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GME in the United States: A review of state initiatives
    • Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
    • Spero, J. C., E. P. Fraher, T. C. Ricketts, and P. H. Rockey. 2013. GME in the United States: A review of state initiatives. Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
    • (2013)
    • Spero, J.C.1    Fraher, E.P.2    Ricketts, T.C.3    Rockey, P.H.4
  • 282
    • 85080796526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VHA handbook 1400.05. Disbursement agreements procedures (corrected copy)
    • (accessed January 8, 2013).
    • VHA (Veterans Health Administration). 2008. VHA handbook 1400.05. Disbursement agreements procedures (corrected copy). http://www.va.gov/vhapublications/ViewPublication.asp?pub_ID=1769 (accessed January 8, 2013).
    • (2008)
  • 283
    • 85080641007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VHA handbook 1400.01. Resident supervision
    • (accessed January 7, 2013).
    • VHA. 2012. VHA handbook 1400.01. Resident supervision. http://www.va.gov/vhapublications/ViewPublication.asp?pub_ID=2847 (accessed January 7, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 284
    • 85012820710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Report of the Blue Ribbon Panel on VAmedical school affiliations
    • (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • VHA Office of Academic Affiliations. 2009. The Report of the Blue Ribbon Panel on VAmedical school affiliations. http://www.va.gov/oaa/archive/BRP-final-report.pdf (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • (2009)
  • 285
    • 85080724325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mission of the Office of Academic Affiliations
    • (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • VHA Office of Academic Affiliations. 2012. Mission of the Office of Academic Affiliations. http://va.gov/oaa/oaa_mission.asp (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 286
    • 84881052741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensuring an effective physician workforce for the United States; Recommendations for graduate medical education to meet the needs of the public
    • Paper read at The Second of Two Conferences-The Content and Format of Graduate Medical Education, Atlanta, GA, May 16-19.
    • Weinstein, D. 2011. Ensuring an effective physician workforce for the United States; Recommendations for graduate medical education to meet the needs of the public. Paper read at The Second of Two Conferences-The Content and Format of Graduate Medical Education, Atlanta, GA, May 16-19.
    • (2011)
    • Weinstein, D.1
  • 288
    • 85080648494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Performance of the MS-DRGS and RDRGS in Explaining Variation in Cost for Medicare Hospital Discharges
    • Working paper prepared for Health Systems Consultants, Inc. Arlington, VA: RAND.
    • Wynn, B. O. 2008. Comparative Performance of the MS-DRGS and RDRGS in Explaining Variation in Cost for Medicare Hospital Discharges. Working paper prepared for Health Systems Consultants, Inc. Arlington, VA: RAND.
    • (2008)
    • Wynn, B.O.1
  • 289
    • 85080692075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GME financing models
    • (unpublished)., Presentation to the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education. Washington, DC. September 5, 2012.
    • Wynn, B. O. 2012 (unpublished). GME financing models. Presentation to the IOM Committee on the Governance and Financing of Graduate Medical Education. Washington, DC. September 5, 2012.
    • (2012)
    • Wynn, B.O.1
  • 290
    • 2342553230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Children's Hospital Graduate Medical Education Program fund allocations for indirect medical education costs
    • Santa Monica, CA: RAND.
    • Wynn, B. O. and J. H. Kawata. 2002. Analysis of Children's Hospital Graduate Medical Education Program fund allocations for indirect medical education costs. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.
    • (2002)
    • Wynn, B.O.1    Kawata, J.H.2
  • 291
    • 66249086241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative ways of financing graduate medical education
    • (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • Wynn, B. O., C. Guarino, L. Morse, and M. Cho. 2006. Alternative ways of financing graduate medical education. http://aspe.dhhs.gov/health/reports/06/AltGradMedicalEdu/report.pdf (accessed August 6, 2013).
    • (2006)
    • Wynn, B.O.1    Guarino, C.2    Morse, L.3    Cho, M.4
  • 292
    • 84921484629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs
    • (accessed October 14). Santa Monica, CA: RAND
    • Wynn, B. O., R. Smalley, and K. Cordasco. 2013. Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs. Santa Monica, CA: RAND. http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR324 (accessed October 14).
    • (2013)
    • Wynn, B.O.1    Smalley, R.2    Cordasco, K.3
  • 293
    • 85010043982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report on medical school faculty salaries
    • Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • Zhang, F., and S. Wisniewski. 2012. Report on medical school faculty salaries. Washington, DC: AAMC.
    • (2012)
    • Zhang, F.1    Wisniewski, S.2
  • 294
    • 84879090503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Board of Medical Specialties board certification editorial background
    • (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • ABMS (American Board of Medical Specialties). 2013a. American Board of Medical Specialties board certification editorial background. http://www.abms.org/news_and_events/media_newsroom/pdf/abms_editorialbackground.pdf (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 295
    • 85080702814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What board certification means
    • (accessed September 10, 2013).
    • ABMS. 2013b. What board certification means. http://www.abms.org/About_Board_Certification/means.aspx (accessed September 10, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 296
    • 84859465103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glossary of terms
    • (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). 2011a. Glossary of terms. http://acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PFAssets/ProgramRequirements/ab_ACGMEglossary.pdf (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • (2011)
  • 297
    • 85080655101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on the future. Annual report
    • (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • ACGME. 2011b. Focus on the future. Annual report. https://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PDFs/ACGME-2011_AR_F.pdf (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • (2011)
  • 298
    • 85080644801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family medicine guidelines related to utilization of hospitalists
    • (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • ACGME. 2012a. Family medicine guidelines related to utilization of hospitalists. http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/tabid/294/ProgramandInstitutionalGuidelines/MedicalAccreditation/FamilyMedicine/Hospitalists.aspx (accessed December 2, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 299
    • 85080648266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequently asked questions: Internal medicine review committee for internal medicine
    • (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • ACGME. 2012b. Frequently asked questions: Internal medicine review committee for internal medicine. http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PDFs/FAQ/140_Internal_Medicine_FAQs.pdf (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 300
    • 85013454302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACGME policies and procedures
    • Effective July 1, 2013 (accessed September 23, 2013).
    • ACGME. 2013. ACGME policies and procedures. Effective July 1, 2013. http://acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PDFs/ab_ACGMEPoliciesProcedures.pdf (accessed September 23, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 301
    • 84876563055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifelong learning: Physician competency development
    • (accessed May 28, 2014).
    • AHA (American Hospital Association). 2012. Lifelong learning: Physician competency development. http://www.ahaphysicianforum.org/team-based-care/physician-competency/index.shtml (accessed May 28, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 302
    • 85080719264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • AOA (American Osteopathic Association). 2008. Handbook of the council on postdoctoral training (COPT). http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/accreditation/postdoctoraltraining-approval/Documents/handbook-of-the-council-on-postdoctoral-training.pdf (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • (2008) Handbook of the council on postdoctoral training (COPT)
  • 304
    • 84899634587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basic documents for postdoctoral training
    • (accessed September 24, 2013).
    • AOA. 2013a. The basic documents for postdoctoral training. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/accreditation/postdoctoral-training-approval/postdoctoral-training-standards/Documents/aoa-basic-document-for-postdoctoral-training.pdf (accessed September 24, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 305
    • 85080784059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAQs-ACGME unified accreditation system
    • (accessed October 14, 2013).
    • AOA. 2013b. FAQs-ACGME unified accreditation system. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/Pages/acgme-frequently-asked-questions.aspx (accessed October 14, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 306
    • 85080648577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual Report FY13
    • (accessed October 14, 2013).
    • AOA. 2013c. Annual Report FY13. http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-aoa/about/leadership/Documents/aoa-annual-report-2013.pdf (accessed October 14, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 307
    • 84893701198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do you deliver a good obstetrician? Outcome-based evaluation of medical education
    • Asch, D. A., S. Nicholson, S. K. Srinivas, J. Herrin, and A. J. Epstein. 2014. How do you deliver a good obstetrician? Outcome-based evaluation of medical education. Academic Medicine 89(1):24-26.
    • (2014) Academic Medicine , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-26
    • Asch, D.A.1    Nicholson, S.2    Srinivas, S.K.3    Herrin, J.4    Epstein, A.J.5
  • 308
    • 84883649610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can we achieve public accountability for graduate medical education outcomes?
    • Baron, R. B. 2013. Can we achieve public accountability for graduate medical education outcomes? Academic Medicine 88(9):1199-1201.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.9 , pp. 1199-1201
    • Baron, B.R.1
  • 309
    • 84884245149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving the potential of health care performance measures
    • (accessed May 15, 2013).
    • Berenson, R. A., P. J. Pronovost, and H. M. Krumholz. 2013. Achieving the potential of health care performance measures. http://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/reports/2013/ rwjf406195 (accessed May 15, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Berenson, R.A.1    Pronovost, P.J.2    Krumholz, H.M.3
  • 310
    • 77957928986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urgency of preparing primary care physicians to care for older people with chronic illnesses
    • Boult, C., S. R. Counsell, R. M. Leipzig, and R. A. Berenson. 2010. The urgency of preparing primary care physicians to care for older people with chronic illnesses. Health Affairs 29(5):811-818.
    • (2010) Health Affairs , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 811-818
    • Boult, C.1    Counsell, S.R.2    Leipzig, R.M.3    Berenson, R.A.4
  • 312
    • 84883653739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards graduate medical education accountability: Measuring the outcomes of GME institutions
    • Chen, C. P., S. Petterson, R. L. Phillips, F. Mullan, A. Bazemore, S. D. O'Donnell. 2013. Towards graduate medical education accountability: Measuring the outcomes of GME institutions. Academic Medicine 88(9):1267-1280.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.9 , pp. 1267-1280
    • Chen, C.P.1    Petterson, S.2    Phillips, R.L.3    Mullan, F.4    Bazemore, A.5    O'Donnell, S.D.6
  • 313
    • 85080666132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 42 C.F.R.-Public Health, regulation, § 413.75, Direct GME payments: General requirements
    • (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services). 2012a. 42 C.F.R.-Public Health, regulation, § 413.75, Direct GME payments: General requirements. http://cfr.regstoday.com/42cfr413.aspx (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 314
    • 85080634399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CMS quality measurement programs characteristics
    • (accessed December 3, 2013).
    • CMS. 2012b. CMS quality measurement programs characteristics. http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/QualityMeasures/Downloads/CMSQualityMeasurementProgramsCharacteristics.pdf (accessed December 3, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 315
    • 85080658098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chapter 40: Hospital and hospital health care complex cost report. (Form CMS-2552-10)
    • (accessed August 19, 2013).
    • CMS. 2013. Chapter 40: Hospital and hospital health care complex cost report. (Form CMS-2552-10). http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Transmittals/ Downloads/R4P240.pdf (accessed August 19, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 316
    • 0003483790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fifteenth report: Financing graduate medical education in a changing health care environment
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME (Council on Graduate School Medical Education). 2000. Fifteenth report: Financing graduate medical education in a changing health care environment. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2000)
  • 317
    • 25444527816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource paper: State and managed care support for graduate medical education: Innovations and implications for federal policy
    • (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • COGME. 2004. Resource paper: State and managed care support for graduate medical education: Innovations and implications for federal policy. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/Publications/managedcarerpt.pdf (accessed June 27, 2013).
    • (2004)
  • 318
    • 68249155657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eighteenth report: New paradigms for physician training for improving access to health care
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2007a. Eighteenth report: New paradigms for physician training for improving access to health care. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2007)
  • 319
    • 67649397843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nineteenth report: Enhancing flexibility in graduate medical education
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME. 2007b. Nineteenth report: Enhancing flexibility in graduate medical education. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2007)
  • 321
    • 85080668534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure of medical education-it's time for a change
    • (accessed August 29. 2014)., The Alan Gregg lecture given at the annual meeting of the Association of American Medical Colleges, November 6, 2011. In More health reform. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
    • Fuchs, V. R. 2012. The structure of medical education-it's time for a change. The Alan Gregg lecture given at the annual meeting of the Association of American Medical Colleges, November 6, 2011. In More health reform. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. Pp. 1-5. http://siepr.stanford.edu/system/files/shared/people/homepage/HealthCareReform_2012.pdf (accessed August 29. 2014).
    • (2012) , pp. 1-5
    • Fuchs, V.R.1
  • 322
    • 85080634084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicare physician payment: Private-sector initiatives can help inform CMS quality and efficiency incentive efforts
    • (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • GAO (Government Accountability Office). 2012. Medicare physician payment: Private-sector initiatives can help inform CMS quality and efficiency incentive efforts. http://www.gao. gov/assets/660/651102.pdf (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 323
    • 84888095352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerating physician workforce transformation through competitive graduate medical education funding
    • Goodman, D., and R. Robertson. 2013. Accelerating physician workforce transformation through competitive graduate medical education funding. Health Affairs 32(11): 1887-1892.
    • (2013) Health Affairs , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1887-1892
    • Goodman, D.1    Robertson, R.2
  • 324
    • 85080635542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GME outcomes mapper
    • (accessed June 13, 2013).
    • Graham Center. 2013. GME outcomes mapper. http://www.graham-center.org/online/graham/ home/tools-resources/gme-mapper.html (accessed June 13, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 325
    • 79951987492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming graduate medical education to improve health care value
    • Hackbarth, G., and C. Boccuti. 2011. Transforming graduate medical education to improve health care value. New England Journal of Medicine 364(8):3p.
    • (2011) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.364 , Issue.8 , pp. 3p
    • Hackbarth, G.1    Boccuti, C.2
  • 326
    • 85080675231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Health Center GME Program RFP-12-029 final
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration). 2011. Teaching Health Center GME Program RFP-12-029 final. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2011)
  • 327
    • 85080687212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charter: Council on Graduate Medical Education
    • (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2012. Charter: Council on Graduate Medical Education. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/ bhpradvisory/cogme/About/charter.pdf (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 328
    • 85080799848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal Register Vol. 78, No. 113. Agency information collection activities; proposed collection; public comment request (accessed March 5, 2014).
    • HRSA. 2013a. Federal Register Vol. 78, No. 113. Agency information collection activities; proposed collection; public comment request. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013- 06-12/pdf/2013-13918.pdf (accessed March 5, 2014).
    • (2013)
  • 329
    • 84859729304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Health Workforce Analysis
    • (accessed December 3, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013b. National Center for Health Workforce Analysis. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/health workforce/index.html (accessed December 3, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 330
    • 85080641831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to Congress: Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education (CHGME) Payment Program
    • (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • HRSA. 2013c. Report to Congress: Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical Education (CHGME) Payment Program. http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/childrenshospitalgme/pdf/reportto congress2013.pdf (accessed June 21, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 331
    • 0141472959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health professions education: A bridge to quality
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2003. Health professions education: A bridge to quality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2003)
  • 332
    • 84940017816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensuring an effective physician workforce for America
    • Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, October 24-25. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Macy Foundation.
    • Johns, M. M. E. 2010. Ensuring an effective physician workforce for America. Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Atlanta, GA, October 24-25. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Macy Foundation.
    • (2010)
    • Johns, E.M.M.1
  • 333
    • 84908002512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicare discloses hospitals' bonuses, penalties based on quality
    • (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • Kaiser Health News. 2012. Medicare discloses hospitals' bonuses, penalties based on quality. http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/stories/2012/december/21/medicare-hospitals-valuebased- purchasing.aspx (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 335
    • 84855350645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The history of calls for reform in graduate medical education and why we are still waiting for the right kind of change
    • Ludmerer, K. 2012. The history of calls for reform in graduate medical education and why we are still waiting for the right kind of change. Academic Medicine 87:34-40.
    • (2012) Academic Medicine , vol.87 , pp. 34-40
    • Ludmerer, K.1
  • 336
    • 24344496130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reforming graduate medical education
    • Ludmerer, K., and M. Johns. 2005. Reforming graduate medical education. JAMA 294: 1083-1087.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 1083-1087
    • Ludmerer, K.1    Johns, M.2
  • 337
    • 0003778814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to the Congress: Rethinking Medicare's payment policies for graduate medical education and teaching hospitals
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC (Medicare Payment Advisory Commission). 1999. Report to the Congress: Rethinking Medicare's payment policies for graduate medical education and teaching hospitals. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (1999)
  • 338
    • 85080707423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chapter 10-Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2001. Chapter 10-Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2001)
  • 339
    • 84883553749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduate medical education financing: Focusing on educational priorities
    • In Report to Congress: Aligning incentives in Medicare. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2010. Graduate medical education financing: Focusing on educational priorities. In Report to Congress: Aligning incentives in Medicare. Washington, DC: MedPAC. Pp. 103-126.
    • (2010) , pp. 103-126
  • 340
    • 85080767051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About MedPAC
    • (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • MedPAC. 2013. About MedPAC. http://www.medpac.gov/about.cfm (accessed November 19, 2013).
    • (2013)
  • 341
    • 85080735729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Letter from Thomas J. Nasca, CEO, ACGME, to members of the graduate medical education community, March 13, 2014. (accessed March 15, 2014).
    • Nasca, T. J. 2014. Letter from Thomas J. Nasca, CEO, ACGME, to members of the graduate medical education community, March 13, 2014. http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/ Portals/0/PDFs/NascaLetterACGME-AOA-AACOMAgreementMarch2014.pdf (accessed March 15, 2014).
    • (2014)
    • Nasca, T.J.1
  • 343
    • 84907861039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projecting the supply and demand for primary care practitioners through 2020
    • Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • National Center for Health Workforce Analysis, HRSA Bureau of Health Professions. 2013. Projecting the supply and demand for primary care practitioners through 2020. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2013)
  • 344
    • 84880095900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAP pre-rulemaking report: 2013 recommendations on measures under consideration by HHS: Final report
    • Washington, DC: NQF.
    • NQF (National Quality Forum). 2013. MAP pre-rulemaking report: 2013 recommendations on measures under consideration by HHS: Final report. Washington, DC: NQF.
    • (2013)
  • 345
    • 85080748511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Letter from Lois M. Nora, president and CEO, ABMS, to Congressman Danny Davis, April 19, 2013. (accessed December 4, 2013).
    • Nora, L. M. 2013. Letter from Lois M. Nora, president and CEO, ABMS, to Congressman Danny Davis, April 19, 2013. http://www.abms.org/News_and_Events/pdfs/20130419_CL_RepDavis.pdf (accessed December 4, 2013).
    • (2013)
    • Nora, L.M.1
  • 347
    • 84902118027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accountable care organization 2013 program analysis: Quality performance standards, narrative measure specifications
    • Report prepared for the CMS Quality Measurement & Health Assessment Group. (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • RTI International and Telligen. 2012. Accountable care organization 2013 program analysis: Quality performance standards, narrative measure specifications. Report prepared for the CMS Quality Measurement & Health Assessment Group. http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/ Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/sharedsavingsprogram/Downloads/ACO-Narrative- Measures-Specs.pdf (accessed December 1, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 348
    • 70449914895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared medical regulation in a time of increasing calls for accountability and transparency: Comparison of recertification in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom
    • Shaw, K., C. Cassel, C. Black, and W. Levinson. 2009. Shared medical regulation in a time of increasing calls for accountability and transparency: Comparison of recertification in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. JAMA 302(18):2008-2014.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , Issue.18 , pp. 2008-2014
    • Shaw, K.1    Cassel, C.2    Black, C.3    Levinson, W.4
  • 349
    • 85080643034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compilation of the Social Security laws
    • Section 1886. [42 U.S.C. 1395ww] payment to hospitals for inpatient hospital services(accessed March 4, 2014).
    • Social Security Administration. 2014. Compilation of the Social Security laws. Section 1886. [42 U.S.C. 1395ww] payment to hospitals for inpatient hospital services. http://www.ssa. gov/OP_Home/ssact/title18/1886.htm (accessed March 4, 2014).
    • (2014)
  • 351
    • 38849137287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ACGME outcome project: retrospective and prospective
    • Swing, S. R. 2007. The ACGME outcome project: retrospective and prospective. Medical Teacher 29(7):648-654.
    • (2007) Medical Teacher , vol.29 , Issue.7 , pp. 648-654
    • Swing, S.R.1
  • 352
    • 84921484629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs
    • Washington, DC: RAND Health.
    • Wynn, B. O., R. Smalley, and K. Cordasco. 2013. Does it cost more to train residents or to replace them? A look at the costs and benefits of operating graduate medical education programs. Washington, DC: RAND Health.
    • (2013)
    • Wynn, B.O.1    Smalley, R.2    Cordasco, K.3
  • 353
    • 84860625826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013
    • Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). 2013. Data resource book: Academic year 2012-2013. Chicago, IL: ACGME.
    • (2013)
  • 354
    • 84884357037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A bipartisan Rx for patient-centered care and system-wide cost containment
    • Washington, DC: Bipartisan Policy Center.
    • Bipartisan Policy Center Health Project. 2013. A bipartisan Rx for patient-centered care and system-wide cost containment. Washington, DC: Bipartisan Policy Center.
    • (2013)
  • 355
    • 84884351777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological concerns with the Medicare RBRVS payment system and recommendations for additional study
    • A report by staff from RTI International for the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • Braun, P., and N. McCall. 2011. Methodological concerns with the Medicare RBRVS payment system and recommendations for additional study. A report by staff from RTI International for the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2011)
    • Braun, P.1    McCall, N.2
  • 356
    • 85080746355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VA funding of graduate medical education
    • Paper presented at Washington, Wyomming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho (WWAMI) GME Summit, Seattle, WA, March 23
    • Chang, B. K. 2012. VA funding of graduate medical education. Paper presented at Washington, Wyomming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho (WWAMI) GME Summit, Seattle, WA, March 23. http://www.uwmedicine.org/education/Documents/Chang-VA-GME-%20Funding.pdf.
    • (2012)
    • Chang, B.K.1
  • 358
    • 85080667135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CMS Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation: Report to Congress
    • (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • CMMI (Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation). 2012. CMS Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation: Report to Congress. http://innovation.cms.gov/Files/reports/RTC- 12-2012.pdf (accessed April 18, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 359
    • 33847676571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National health expenditures 2012 highlights
    • (accessed April 28, 2014).
    • CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services). 2012. National health expenditures 2012 highlights. http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trendsand- Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/highlights.pdf (accessed April 28, 2014).
    • (2012)
  • 360
    • 85013444755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth report
    • Advancing primary care. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • COGME (Council of Graduate Medical Education). 2010. Twentieth report. Advancing primary care. Rockville, MD: HRSA.
    • (2010)
  • 361
    • 34547231517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framework for a high performance health system for the United States
    • New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
    • Commonwealth Fund Commission on a High Performance Health System. 2006. Framework for a high performance health system for the United States. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
    • (2006)
  • 362
    • 84889086790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of medical school culture in primary care career choice
    • Erikson, C. E., S. Danish, K. C. Jones, S. F. Sandberg, and A. C. Carle. 2013. The role of medical school culture in primary care career choice. Academic Medicine 88(12):1919-1926.
    • (2013) Academic Medicine , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 1919-1926
    • Erikson, C.E.1    Danish, S.2    Jones, K.C.3    Sandberg, S.F.4    Carle, A.C.5
  • 363
    • 85080687212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charter: Council on Graduate Medical Education
    • (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration). 2012. Charter: Council on Graduate Medical Education. http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhpradvisory/cogme/ About/charter.pdf (accessed April 26, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 365
    • 0025714716 scopus 로고
    • The new law on Medicare's payments to physicians
    • Iglehart, J. K. 1990. The new law on Medicare's payments to physicians. New England Journal of Medicine 332(17):1247-1252.
    • (1990) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.332 , Issue.17 , pp. 1247-1252
    • Iglehart, J.K.1
  • 366
    • 0003525850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century
    • Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2001. Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (2001)
  • 367
    • 33744757710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the quality of health care for mental and substance-use conditions
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2006a. Improving the quality of health care for mental and substance-use conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2006)
  • 368
    • 84987994885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance measurement: Accelerating improvement
    • Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2006b. Performance measurement: Accelerating improvement. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2006)
  • 369
    • 84867725432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Best care at lower cost
    • The path to continuously learning health care in America. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • IOM. 2012. Best care at lower cost. The path to continuously learning health care in America. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2012)
  • 370
    • 84898112897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicare prospective payment and the shaping of U.S. health care
    • Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
    • Mayes, R., and R. A. Berenson. 2006. Medicare prospective payment and the shaping of U.S. health care. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
    • (2006)
    • Mayes, R.1    Berenson, R.A.2
  • 371
    • 85080707423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2001. Treatment of the initial residency period in Medicare's direct graduate medical education payments. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • (2001)
  • 372
    • 85080719856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical education in the United States: Supporting long-term delivery delivery system reforms in Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program
    • Washington, DC: MedPAC.
    • MedPAC. 2009. Medical education in the United States: Supporting long-term delivery delivery system reforms in Report to Congress: Improving incentives in the Medicare program. Washington, DC: MedPAC. Pp. 3-35.
    • (2009) , pp. 3-35
  • 373
    • 84897690902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching residents to provide cost-conscious care: A national survey of residency program directors
    • Patel, M. S., D. A. Reed, L. Loertscher, F. S. McDonald, and V. M. Arora. 2013. Teaching residents to provide cost-conscious care: A national survey of residency program directors. JAMA Internal Medicine 174(3):470-472.
    • (2013) JAMA Internal Medicine , vol.174 , Issue.3 , pp. 470-472
    • Patel, M.S.1    Reed, D.A.2    Loertscher, L.3    McDonald, F.S.4    Arora, V.M.5
  • 374
    • 85080729871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Medicare's Prospective Payment System on the quality of hospital care
    • (accessed April 23, 2014). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation
    • RAND Health. 2006. Effects of Medicare's Prospective Payment System on the quality of hospital care. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. http://www.rand.org/content/ dam/rand/pubs/research_briefs/2006/RAND_RB4519-1.pdf (accessed April 23, 2014).
    • (2006)
  • 375
    • 85080724325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mission of the Office of Academic Affiliations
    • (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • Veterans Affairs Office of Academic Affiliations. 2012. Mission of the Office of Academic Affiliations. http://va.gov/oaa/oaa_mission.asp (accessed August 7, 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 377
    • 66249086241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative ways of financing graduate medical education
    • Washington, DC: RAND Health.
    • Wynn, B., C. Guarino, L. Morse, and M. Cho. 2006. Alternative ways of financing graduate medical education. Washington, DC: RAND Health.
    • (2006)
    • Wynn, B.1    Guarino, C.2    Morse, L.3    Cho, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.