Multi-omics studies towards novel modulators of influenza a virus-host interaction

Viruses

Volumn 8, Issue 10, 2016, Pages

  Söderholm, Sandra ^a,b   Fu, Yu ^c   Gaelings, Lana ^c   Belanov, Sergey ^c   Yetukuri, Laxman ^c   Berlinkov, Mikhail ^d   Cheltsov, Anton V ^e   Anders, Simon ^c   Aittokallio, Tero ^c,f   Nyman, Tuula A ^g   Matikainen, Sampsa ^b,h   Kainov, Denis E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b FINNISH INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^d URAL FEDERAL UNIVERSITY   (Russian Federation)

^e Q Mol LLC in Silico Pharmaceuticals   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

^g Institute of Clinical Medicine   (Norway)

^h HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

Author keywords

Antiviral agent; Genomics; Influenza virus; Metabolomics; Phosphoproteomics; Proteomics; Transcriptomics; Virtual ligand screening

Indexed keywords

ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; DOWN REGULATION; GENOMICS; IMMUNOMODULATION; INFLUENZA A VIRUS; METABOLOMICS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELL; PROTEOMICS; REVIEW; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TRANSCRIPTOMICS; UPREGULATION; VIRUS CELL INTERACTION; X RAY;

EID: 84991248655     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19994915     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/v8100269     Document Type: Review

References (179)

1. Belanov, S.S.; Bychkov, D.; Benner, C.; Ripatti, S.; Ojala, T.; Kankainen, M.; Kai Lee, H.; Wei-Tze Tang, J.; Kainov, D.E. Genome-wide analysis of evolutionary markers of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses may guide selection of vaccine strain candidates. Genome Biol. Evol. 2015, 7, 3472-3483. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2. Rewar, S.; Mirdha, D.; Rewar, P. Treatment and prevention of pandemic H1N1 influenza. Ann. Glob. Health 2015, 81, 645-653. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Kamps, B.S.; Hoffmann, C. Amantadine. Available online: www.influenzareport.com/ir/drugs/amanta.htm (accessed on 28 September 2016).
4. Spanakis, N.; Pitiriga, V.; Gennimata, V.; Tsakris, A. A review of neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility in influenza strains. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. 2014, 12, 1325-1336. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. Zumla, A.; Rao, M.; Wallis, R.S.; Kaufmann, S.H.; Rustomjee, R.; Mwaba, P.; Vilaplana, C.; Yeboah-Manu, D.; Chakaya, J.; Ippolito, G.; et al. Host-directed therapies for infectious diseases: Current status, recent progress, and future prospects. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2016, 16, e47-e63. [CrossRef]
6. McKimm-Breschkin, J.L.; Fry, A.M. Meeting report: 4th ISIRV antiviral group conference: Novel antiviral therapies for influenza and other respiratory viruses. Antivir. Res. 2016, 129, 21-38. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. Loregian, A.; Mercorelli, B.; Nannetti, G.; Compagnin, C.; Palu, G. Antiviral strategies against influenza virus: Towards new therapeutic approaches. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2014, 71, 3659-3683. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
8. Muller, K.H.; Kakkola, L.; Nagaraj, A.S.; Cheltsov, A.V.; Anastasina, M.; Kainov, D.E. Emerging cellular targets for influenza antiviral agents. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2012, 33, 89-99. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. Vanderlinden, E.; Naesens, L. Emerging antiviral strategies to interfere with influenza virus entry. Med. Res. Rev. 2014, 34, 301-339. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
10. Fu, Y.; Gaelings, L.; Soderholm, S.; Belanov, S.; Nandania, J.; Nyman, T.A.; Matikainen, S.; Anders, S.; Velagapudi, V.; Kainov, D.E. JNJ872 inhibits influenza a virus replication without altering cellular antiviral responses. Antivir. Res. 2016, 133, 23-31. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
11. Soderholm, S.; Anastasina, M.; Islam, M.M.; Tynell, J.; Poranen, M.M.; Bamford, D.H.; Stenman, J.; Julkunen, I.; Sauliene, I.; de Brabander, J.K.; et al. Immuno-modulating properties of saliphenylhalamide, SNS-032, obatoclax, and gemcitabine. Antivir. Res. 2016, 126, 69-80. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. Lietzen, N.; Ohman, T.; Rintahaka, J.; Julkunen, I.; Aittokallio, T.; Matikainen, S.; Nyman, T.A. Quantitat ivesubcellular proteome and secretome profiling of influenza A virus-infected human primary macrophages. PLoS Pathog. 2011, 7, e1001340. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. Soderholm, S.; Kainov, D.; Ohman, T.; Denisova, O.; Schepens, B.; Kulesskiy, E.; Imanishi, S.Y.; Corthals, G.; Hintsanen, P.; Aittokallio, T.; et al. Phosphoproteomics to characterize host response during influenza A virus infection of human macrophages. Mol. Cell. Proteom. 2016, in press. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. Denisova, O.V.; Kakkola, L.; Feng, L.; Stenman, J.; Nagaraj, A.; Lampe, J.; Yadav, B.; Aittokallio, T.; Kaukinen, P.; Ahola, T.; et al. Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide, and gemcitabine inhibit influenza A virus infection. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287, 35324-35332. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. Denisova, O.V.; Soderholm, S.; Virtanen, S.; von Schantz, C.; Bychkov, D.; Vashchinkina, E.; Desloovere, J.; Tynell, J.; Ikonen, N.; Theisen, L.L.; et al. Akt inhibitor MK2206 prevents influenza pH1N1 virus infection in vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2014, 58, 3689-3696. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. Subramanian, A.; Tamayo, P.; Mootha, V.K.; Mukherjee, S.; Ebert, B.L.; Gillette, M.A.; Paulovich, A.; Pomeroy, S.L.; Golub, T.R.; Lander, E.S.; et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005, 102, 15545-15550. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
17. Law, V.; Knox, C.; Djoumbou, Y.; Jewison, T.; Guo, A.C.; Liu, Y.; Maciejewski, A.; Arndt, D.; Wilson, M.; Neveu, V. DrugBank 4.0: Shedding new light on drug metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014, 42, D1091-D1097. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. Griffith, M.; Griffith, O.L.; Coffman, A.C.; Weible, J.V.; McMichael, J.F.; Spies, N.C.; Koval, J.; Das, I.; Callaway, M.B.; Eldred, J.M. DGidb: Mining the druggable genome. Nat. Methods 2013, 10, 1209-1210. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
19. Kanehisa, M.; Sato, Y.; Kawashima, M.; Furumichi, M.; Tanabe, M. KEGG as a reference resource for gene and protein annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016, 44, D457-D462. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
20. Acharya, B.; Thapa, K. Indoor staying during winter season makes people more susceptible to flu. J. Nepal Health Res. Counc. 2016, 14, 69-70. [PubMed]
21. Yu, M.; Wang, Q.; Qi, W.; Zhang, K.; Liu, J.; Tao, P.; Ge, S.; Liao, M.; Ning, Z. Expression of inflammation-related genes in the lung of BALB/c mice response to H7N9 influenza A virus with different pathogenicity. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 2016, 205, 501-509. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
22. Meng, J.; Liu, X.; Zhang, P.; Li, D.; Xu, S.; Zhou, Q.; Guo, M.; Huai, W.; Chen, X.; Wang, Q. Rb selectively inhibits innate IFN-beta production by enhancing deacetylation of IFN-beta promoter through HDAC1 and HDAC8. J. Autoimmun. 2016, 73, 42-53. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. Huang, L.; Ou, R.; Rabelo de Souza, G.; Cunha, T.M.; Lemos, H.; Mohamed, E.; Li, L.; Pacholczy K, Randall, J.; Munn, D.H. Virus infections incite pain hypersensitivity by inducing indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase. PLoS Pathog. 2016, 12, e1005615. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. Blank, T.; Detje, C.N.; Spiess, A.; Hagemeyer, N.; Brendecke, S.M.; Wolfart, J.; Staszewski, O.; Zoller, T.; Papageorgiou, I.; Schneider, J. Brain endothelial- and epithelial-specific interferon receptor chain 1 drives virus-induced sickness behavior and cognitive impairment. Immunity 2016, 44, 901-912. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. Marion, T.; Elbahesh, H.; Thomas, P.G.; DeVincenzo, J.P.; Webby, R.; Schughart, K. Respiratory mucosal proteome quantification in human influenza infections. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0153674. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
26. Valkenburg, S.A.; Josephs, T.M.; Clemens, E.B.; Grant, E.J.; Nguyen, T.H.; Wang, G.C.; Price, D.A.; Miller, A.; Tong, S.Y.; Thomas, P.G. Molecular basis for universal HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8+ T-cell immunity against influenza viruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2016, 113, 4440-4445. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
27. Arora, S.; Lim, W.; Bist, P.; Perumalsamy, R.; Lukman, H.M.; Li, F.; Welker, L.B.; Yan, B.; Sethi, G.; Tambyah, P.A. Influenza A virus enhances its propagation through the modulation of Annexin-A1 dependent endosomal trafficking and apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 2016, 23, 1243-1256. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
28. Nagesh, P.T.; Husain, M. Influenza A virus dysregulates host histone deacetylase 1 that inhibits viral infection in lung epithelial cells. J. Virol. 2016, 90, 4614-4625. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
29. Cao, Z.; Zhou, Y.; Zhu, S.; Feng, J.; Chen, X.; Liu, S.; Peng, N.; Yang, X.; Xu, G.; Zhu, Y. Pyruvate carboxylase activates the RIG-I-like receptor-mediated antiviral immune response by targeting the MAVS signalosome. Sci. Rep. 2016. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
30. Pedersen, S.R.; Christensen, J.P.; Buus, S.; Rasmussen, M.; Korsholm, K.S.; Nielsen, M.; Claesson, M.H. Immunogenicity of HLA class I and II double restricted influenza A-derived peptides. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0145629. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
31. Park, J.H.; Park, E.B.; Lee, J.Y.; Min, J.Y. Identification of novel membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitors with anti-influenza activities in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2016, 469, 848-855. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
32. Sugiyama, M.G.; Gamage, A.; Zyla, R.; Armstrong, S.M.; Advani, S.; Advani, A.; Wang, C.; Lee, W.L. Influenza virus infection induces platelet-endothelial adhesion which contributes to lung injury. J. Virol. 2016, 90, 1812-1823. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
33. Zhang, S.; Tian, H.; Cui, J.; Xiao, J.; Wang, M.; Hu, Y. The C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is involved in H5N1 influenza A virus RNA and protein synthesis. Arch. Virol. 2016, 161, 345-351. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
34. Othumpangat, S.; Noti, J.D.; McMillen, C.M.; Beezhold, D.H. ICAM-1 regulates the survival of influenza virus in lung epithelial cells during the early stages of infection. Virology 2016, 487, 85-94. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
35. Aeffner, F.; Woods, P.S.; Davis, I.C. Ecto-50-nucleotidase CD73 modulates the innate immune response to influenza infection but is not required for development of influenza-induced acute lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2015, 309, L1313-L1322. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
36. Checconi, P.; Salzano, S.; Bowler, L.; Mullen, L.; Mengozzi, M.; Hanschmann, E.M.; Lillig, C.H.; Sgarbanti, R.; Panella, S.; Nencioni, L.; et al. Redox proteomics of the inflammatory secretome identifies a common set of redoxins and other glutathionylated proteins released in inflammation, influenza virus infection and oxidative stress. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0127086. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
37. Wang, J.; Li, Q.; Xie, J.; Xu, Y. Cigarette smoke inhibits BAFF expression and mucosal immunoglobulin a responses in the lung during influenza virus infection. Respir. Res. 2015. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
38. Fox, J.M.; Crabtree, J.M.; Sage, L.K.; Tompkins, S.M.; Tripp, R.A. Interferon lambda upregulates IDO1 expression in respiratory epithelial cells after influenza virus infection. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015, 35, 554-562. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
39. Chen, Y.; Zhou, J.; Cheng, Z.; Yang, S.; Chu, H.; Fan, Y.; Li, C.; Wong, B.H.; Zheng, S.; Zhu, Y. Functional variants regulating LGALS1 (Galectin 1) expression affect human susceptibility to influenza A(H7N9). Sci. Rep. 2015. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
40. Bian, J.R.; Nie, W.; Zang, Y.S.; Fang, Z.; Xiu, Q.Y.; Xu, X.X. Clinical aspects and cytokine response in adults with seasonal influenza infection. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2014, 7, 5593-5602. [PubMed]
41. Nita-Lazar, M.; Banerjee, A.; Feng, C.; Amin, M.N.; Frieman, M.B.; Chen, W.H.; Cross, A.S.; Wang, L.X.; Vasta, G.R. Desialylation of airway epithelial cells during influenza virus infection enhances pneumococcal adhesion via galectin binding. Mol. Immunol. 2015, 65, 1-16. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
42. Jolly, L.; Stavrou, A.; Vanderstoken, G.; Meliopoulos, V.A.; Habgood, A.; Tatler, A.L.; Porte, J.; Knox, A.; Weinreb, P.; Violette, S. Influenza promotes collagen deposition via alphaVbeta6 integrin-mediated transforming growth factor beta activation. J. Biol. Chem. 2014, 289, 35246-35263. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
43. Tung, C.Y.; Lewis, D.E.; Han, L.; Jaja, M.; Yao, S.; Li, F.; Robertson, M.J.; Zhou, B.; Sun, J.; Chang, H.C. Activation of dendritic cell function by soypeptide lunasin as a novel vaccine adjuvant. Vaccine 2014, 32, 5411-5419. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
44. Oguin, T.H., 3rd; Sharma, S.; Stuart, A.D.; Duan, S.; Scott, S.A.; Jones, C.K.; Daniels, J.S.; Lindsley, C.W.; Thomas, P.G.; Brown, H.A. Phospholipase D facilitates efficient entry of influenza virus, allowing escape from innate immune inhibition. J. Biol. Chem. 2014, 289, 25405-25417. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
45. Hrincius, E.R.; Liedmann, S.; Anhlan, D.; Wolff, T.; Ludwig, S.; Ehrhardt, C. Avian influenza viruses inhibit the major cellular signalling integrator c-Abl. Cell Microbiol. 2014, 16, 1854-1874. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
46. Liu, S.L.; Wu, Q.M.; Zhang, L.J.; Wang, Z.G.; Sun, E.Z.; Zhang, Z.L.; Pang, D.W. Three-dimensional tracking of Rab5- and Rab7-associated infection process of influenza virus. Small 2014, 10, 4746-4753. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
47. Fang, S.; Zhang, K.; Wang, T.; Wang, X.; Lu, X.; Peng, B.; Wu, W.; Zhang, R.; Chen, S.; Zhang, R. Primary study on the lesions and specific proteins in BEAS-2B cells induced with the 2009 A (H1N1) influenza virus. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2014, 98, 9691-9701. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
48. To, E.E.; Broughton, B.R.; Hendricks, K.S.; Vlahos, R.; Selemidis, S. Influenza A virus and TLR7 activation potentiate Nox2 oxidase-dependent Ros production in macrophages. Free Radic. Res. 2014, 48, 940-947. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
49. Chesarino, N.M.; McMichael, T.M.; Hach, J.C.; Yount, J.S. Phosphorylation of the antiviral protein interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) dually regulates its endocytosis and ubiquitination. J. Biol. Chem. 2014, 289, 11986-11992. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
50. Jin, S.; Li, Y.; Pan, R.; Zou, X. Characterizing and controlling the inflammatory network during influenza A virus infection. Sci. Rep. 2014. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
51. Fujioka, Y.; Tsuda, M.; Nanbo, A.; Hattori, T.; Sasaki, J.; Sasaki, T.; Miyazaki, T.; Ohba, Y. A Ca2+-dependent signaling circuit regulates influenza A virus internalization and infection. Nat. Commun. 2013. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
52. McGuire, P.J.; Tarasenko, T.N.; Wang, T.; Levy, E.; Zerfas, P.M.; Moran, T.; Lee, H.S.; Bequette, B.J.; Diaz, G.A. Acute metabolic decompensation due to influenza in a mouse model of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. Dis. Model. Mech. 2014, 7, 205-213. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
53. Seo, Y.J.; Pritzl, C.J.; Vijayan, M.; Bomb, K.; McClain, M.E.; Alexander, S.; Hahm, B. Sphingosine kinase 1 serves as a pro-viral factor by regulating viral RNA synthesis and nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein complex upon influenza virus infection. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e75005. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
54. Ichihashi, T.; Asano, A.; Usui, T.; Takeuchi, T.; Watanabe, Y.; Yamano, Y. Antiviral and antiproliferative effects of canine interferon-1. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2013, 156, 141-146. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
55. Buggele, W.A.; Krause, K.E.; Horvath, C.M. Small RNA profiling of influenza A virus-infected cells identifies miR-449B as a regulator of histone deacetylase 1 and interferon. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e76560. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
56. Naesens, L.; Guddat, L.W.; Keough, D.T.; van Kuilenburg, A.B.; Meijer, J.; Vande Voorde, J.; Balzarini, J. Role of human hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in activation of the antiviral agent T-705 (favipiravir). Mol. Pharmacol. 2013, 84, 615-629. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
57. Huang, C.H.; Chen, C.J.; Yen, C.T.; Yu, C.P.; Huang, P.N.; Kuo, R.L.; Lin, S.J.; Chang, C.K.; Shih, S.R. Caspase-1 deficient mice are more susceptible to influenza A virus infection with PA variation. J. Infect. Dis. 2013, 208, 1898-1905. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
58. Huang, L.; Li, L.; Klonowski, K.D.; Tompkins, S.M.; Tripp, R.A.; Mellor, A.L. Induction and role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in mouse models of influenza A virus infection. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e66546. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
59. Selemidis, S.; Seow, H.J.; Broughton, B.R.; Vinh, A.; Bozinovski, S.; Sobey, C.G.; Drummond, G.R.; Vlahos, R. Nox1 oxidase suppresses influenza A virus-induced lung inflammation and oxidative stress. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e60792. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
60. Skovgaard, K.; Cirera, S.; Vasby, D.; Podolska, A.; Breum, S.O.; Durrwald, R.; Schlegel, M.; Heegaard, P.M. Expression of innate immune genes, proteins and microRNAs in lung tissue of pigs infected experimentally with influenza virus (H1N2). Innate Immun. 2013, 19, 531-544. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
61. Jiang, W.; Wang, Q.; Chen, S.; Gao, S.; Song, L.; Liu, P.; Huang, W. Influenza a virus NS1 induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the expression and activity of RhoA protein. J. Virol. 2013, 87, 3039-3052. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
62. Bauer, R.N.; Brighton, L.E.; Mueller, L.; Xiang, Z.; Rager, J.E.; Fry, R.C.; Peden, D.B.; Jaspers, I. Influenza enhances caspase-1 in bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatic volunteers and is associated with pathogenesis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2012, 130, 958-967. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
63. Leung, H.S.; Li, O.T.; Chan, R.W.; Chan, M.C.; Nicholls, J.M.; Poon, L.L. Entry of influenza A virus with a alpha2,6-linked sialic acid binding preference requires host fibronectin. J. Virol. 2012, 86, 10704-10713. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
64. Ioannidis, I.; McNally, B.; Willette, M.; Peeples, M.E.; Chaussabel, D.; Durbin, J.E.; Ramilo, O.; Mejia S, A.; Flano, E. Plasticity and virus specificity of the airway epithelial cell immune response during respiratory virus infection. J. Virol. 2012, 86, 5422-5436. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
65. Ma, H.; Kien, F.; Maniere, M.; Zhang, Y.; Lagarde, N.; Tse, K.S.; Poon, L.L.; Nal, B. Human annexin A6 interacts with influenza a virus protein M2 and negatively modulates infection. J. Virol. 2012, 86, 1789-1801. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
66. Jost, S.; Quillay, H.; Reardon, J.; Peterson, E.; Simmons, R.P.; Parry, B.A.; Bryant, N.N.; Binder, W.D.; Altfeld, M. Changes in cytokine levels and NK cell activation associated with influenza. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e25060. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
67. Zuniga, J.; Torres, M.; Romo, J.; Torres, D.; Jimenez, L.; Ramirez, G.; Cruz, A.; Espinosa, E.; Herrera, T.; Buendia, I. Inflammatory profiles in severe pneumonia associated with the pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus isolated in Mexico city. Autoimmunity 2011, 44, 562-570. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
68. Yang, M.L.; Chen, Y.H.; Wang, S.W.; Huang, Y.J.; Leu, C.H.; Yeh, N.C.; Chu, C.Y.; Lin, C.C.; Shieh, G.S.; Chen, Y.L. Galectin-1 binds to influenza virus and ameliorates influenza virus pathogenesis. J. Virol. 2011, 85, 10010-10020. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
69. Qin, G.; Liu, Y.; Zheng, J.; Ng, I.H.; Xiang, Z.; Lam, K.T.; Mao, H.; Li, H.; Peiris, J.S.; Lau, Y.L.; Tu, W. Type 1 responses of human Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells to influenza A viruses. J. Virol. 2011, 85, 10109-10116. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
70. Carroll, T.D.; Matzinger, S.R.; Fritts, L.; McChesney, M.B.; Miller, C.J. Memory B cells and CD8+ lymphocytes do not control seasonal influenza A virus replication after homologous re-challenge of rhesus macaques. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e21756. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
71. Haidari, M.; Zhang, W.; Ganjehei, L.; Ali, M.; Chen, Z. Inhibition ofMLC phosphorylation restricts replication of influenza virus—A mechanism of action for anti-influenza agents. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e21444. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
72. Allen, I.C.; Moore, C.B.; Schneider, M.; Lei, Y.; Davis, B.K.; Scull, M.A.; Gris, D.; Roney, K.E.; Zimmermann, A.G.; Bowzard, J.B. NLRX1 protein attenuates inflammatory responses to infection by interfering with the RIG-I-MAVS and TRAF6-NF-_B signaling pathways. Immunity 2011, 34, 854-865. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
73. Nakamura, R.; Maeda, N.; Shibata, K.; Yamada, H.; Kase, T.; Yoshikai, Y. Interleukin-15 is critical in the pathogenesis of influenza A virus-induced acute lung injury. J. Virol. 2010, 84, 5574-5582. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
74. Rowe, T.; Leon, A.J.; Crevar, C.J.; Carter, D.M.; Xu, L.; Ran, L.; Fang, Y.; Cameron, C.M.; Cameron, M.J.; Banner, D. Modeling host responses in ferrets during A/California/07/2009 influenza infection. Virology 2010, 401, 257-265. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
75. Wang, D.; Harmon, A.; Jin, J.; Francis, D.H.; Christopher-Hennings, J.; Nelson, E.; Montelaro, R.C.; Li, F. The lack of an inherent membrane targeting signal is responsible for the failure of the matrix (M1) protein of influenza A virus to bud into virus-like particles. J. Virol. 2010, 84, 4673-4681. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
76. Wahl, A.; Schafer, F.; Bardet, W.; Hildebrand, W.H. HLA class I molecules reflect an altered host proteome after influenza virus infection. Hum. Immunol. 2010, 71, 14-22. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
77. Danishuddin, M.; Khan, S.N.; Khan, A.U. Molecular interactions between mitochondrial membrane proteins and the C-terminal domain of PB1-F2: An in silico approach. J. Mol. Model. 2010, 16, 535-541. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
78. Thomas, P.G.; Dash, P.; Aldridge, J.R., Jr.; Ellebedy, A.H.; Reynolds, C.; Funk, A.J.; Martin, W.J.; Lamkanfi, M.; Webby, R.J.; Boyd, K.L. The intracellular sensor NLRP3 mediates key innate and healing responses to influenza A virus via the regulation of caspase-1. Immunity 2009, 30, 566-575. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
79. Melchjorsen, J.; Kristiansen, H.; Christiansen, R.; Rintahaka, J.; Matikainen, S.; Paludan, S.R.; Hartmann, R. Differential regulation of the OASL and OAS1 genes in response to viral infections. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 2009, 29, 199-207. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
80. Kakugawa, S.; Shimojima, M.; Goto, H.; Horimoto, T.; Oshimori, N.; Neumann, G.; Yamamoto, T.; Kawaoka, Y. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated kinase Rsk2 plays a role in innate immune responses to influenza virus infection. J. Virol. 2009, 83, 2510-2517. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
81. Chen, C.; Zhuang, X. Epsin 1 is a cargo-specific adaptor for the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the influenza virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2008, 105, 11790-11795. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
82. LeBouder, F.; Morello, E.; Rimmelzwaan, G.F.; Bosse, F.; Pechoux, C.; Delmas, B.; Riteau, B. Annexin II incorporated into influenza virus particles supports virus replication by converting plasminogen into plasmin. J. Virol. 2008, 82, 6820-6828. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
83. Liu, N.; Song, W.; Wang, P.; Lee, K.; Chan, W.; Chen, H.; Cai, Z. Proteomics analysis of differential expression of cellular proteins in response to avian H9N2 virus infection in human cells. Proteomics 2008, 8, 1851-1858. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
84. Link, C.; Ebensen, T.; Standner, L.; Dejosez, M.; Reinhard, E.; Rharbaoui, F.; Guzman, C.A. An SopB-mediated immune escape mechanism of Salmonella enterica can be subverted to optimize the performance of live attenuated vaccine carrier strains. Microbes Infect. 2006, 8, 2262-2269. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
85. Zamarin, D.; Garcia-Sastre, A.; Xiao, X.; Wang, R.; Palese, P. Influenza virus PB1-F2 protein induces cell death through mitochondrial ANT3 and VDAC1. PLoS Pathog. 2005, 1, e4. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
86. Olschlager, V.; Pleschka, S.; Fischer, T.; Rziha, H.J.; Wurzer, W.; Stitz, L.; Rapp, U.R.; Ludwig, S.; Planz, O. Lung-specific expression of active Raf kinase results in increased mortality of influenza A virus-infected mice. Oncogene 2004, 23, 6639-6646. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
87. Sieczkarski, S.B.; Whittaker, G.R. Differential requirements of Rab5 and Rab7 for endocytosis of influenza and other enveloped viruses. Traffic 2003, 4, 333-343. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
88. Chen, W.; Norbury, C.C.; Cho, Y.; Yewdell, J.W.; Bennink, J.R. Immunoproteasomes shape immunodominance hierarchies of antiviral CD8+ T cells at the levels of t cell repertoire and presentation of viral antigens. J. Exp. Med. 2001, 193, 1319-1326. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
89. Julkunen, I.; Sareneva, T.; Pirhonen, J.; Ronni, T.; Melen, K.; Matikainen, S. Molecular pathogenesis of influenza A virus infection and virus-induced regulation of cytokine gene expression. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2001, 12, 171-180. [CrossRef]
90. Swiergiel, A.H.; Smagin, G.N.; Johnson, L.J.; Dunn, A.J. The role of cytokines in the behavioral responses to endotoxin and influenza virus infection in mice: Effects of acute and chronic administration of the interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Brain Res. 1997, 776, 96-104. [CrossRef]
91. Akaike, T.; Ando, M.; Oda, T.; Doi, T.; Ijiri, S.; Araki, S.; Maeda, H. Dependence on O2 generation by xanthine oxidase of pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 1990, 85, 739-745. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
92. Pierson, D.; Knight, V.; Hansard, P.; Chan, E. Hepatic carbamyl phosphate synthetase and ornithine transcarbamylase in mouse influenze A and influenze B infection. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1976, 152, 67-70. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
93. Basaran, E.; Karakucuk-Iyidogan, A.; Schols, D.; Oruc-Emre, E.E. Synthesis of novel chiral sulfonamide-bearing 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione analogs derived from D- and L-phenylalanine esters as potential anti-influenza agents. Chirality 2016, 28, 495-513. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
94. Akpovwa, H. Chloroquine could be used for the treatment of filoviral infections and other viral infections that emerge or emerged from viruses requiring an acidic pH for infectivity. Cell Biochem. Funct. 2016, 34, 191-196. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
95. Hyuga, S.; Hyuga, M.; Oshima, N.; Maruyama, T.; Kamakura, H.; Yamashita, T.; Yoshimura, M.; Amakura, Y.; Hakamatsuka, T.; Odaguchi, H. Ephedrine alkaloids-free ephedra herb extract: A safer alternative to ephedra with comparable analgesic, anticancer, and anti-influenza activities. J. Nat. Med. 2016, 70, 571-583. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
96. Wu, W.; Li, R.; Li, X.; He, J.; Jiang, S.; Liu, S.; Yang, J. Quercetin as an antiviral agent inhibits influenza A virus (IAV) entry. Viruses 2016. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
97. Chen, X.X.; Zhou, H.X.; Qi, W.B.; Ning, Z.Y.; Ma, Y.J.; Li, Y.L.; Wang, G.C.; Chen, J.X. Antiviral effects of the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin against influenza a H1N1 virus infection in vivo. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2015, 50, 966-972. [PubMed]
98. Lu, Y.; Hardes, K.; Dahms, S.O.; Bottcher-Friebertshauser, E.; Steinmetzer, T.; Than, M.E.; Klenk, H.D.; Garten, W. Peptidomimetic furin inhibitor MI-701 in combination with oseltamivir and ribavirin efficiently blocks propagation of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses and delays high level oseltamivir resistance in MDCK cells. Antivir. Res. 2015, 120, 89-100. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
99. Wu, L.; Dai, J.; Zhao, X.; Chen, Y.; Wang, G.; Li, K. Chloroquine enhances replication of influenza a virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1) in dose-, time-, and MOI-dependent manners in human lung epithelial cells A549. J. Med. Virol. 2015, 87, 1096-1103. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
100. Cai, Y.; Li, Y.F.; Tang, L.P.; Tsoi, B.; Chen, M.; Chen, H.; Chen, X.M.; Tan, R.R.; Kurihara, H.; He, R.R. A new mechanism of vitamin C effects on A/FM/1/47(H1N1) virus-induced pneumonia in restraint-stressed mice. BioMed Res. Int. 2015. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
101. Ammer, E.; Nietzsche, S.; Rien, C.; Kuhnl, A.; Mader, T.; Heller, R.; Sauerbrei, A.; Henke, A. The anti-obesity drug orlistat reveals anti-viral activity. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 2015, 204, 635-645. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
102. Yeganeh, B.; Ghavami, S.; Kroeker, A.L.; Mahood, T.H.; Stelmack, G.L.; Klonisch, T.; Coombs, K.M.; Halayko, A.J. Suppression of influenza A virus replication in human lung epithelial cells by noncytotoxic concentrations bafilomycin A1. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2015, 308, L270-L286. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
103. Zhu, H.; Shi, X.; Ju, D.; Huang, H.; Wei, W.; Dong, X. Anti-inflammatory effect of thalidomide on H1N1 influenza virus-induced pulmonary injury in mice. Inflammation 2014, 37, 2091-2098. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
104. Mehrbod, P.; Hair-Bejo, M.; Tengku Ibrahim, T.A.; Omar, A.R.; El Zowalaty, M.; Ajdari, Z.; Ideris, A. Simvastatin modulates cellular components in influenza A virus-infected cells. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2014, 34, 61-73. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
105. Coulombe, F.; Jaworska, J.; Verway, M.; Tzelepis, F.; Massoud, A.; Gillard, J.; Wong, G.; Kobinger, G.; Xing, Z.; Couture, C. Targeted prostaglandin E2 inhibition enhances antiviral immunity through induction of type I interferon and apoptosis in macrophages. Immunity 2014, 40, 554-568. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
106. Shahiduzzaman, M.; Ezatti, P.; Xin, G.; Coombs, K.M. Proteasomal serine hydrolases are up-regulated by and required for influenza virus infection. J. Proteome Res. 2014, 13, 2223-2238. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
107. Shi, X.; Zhou, W.; Huang, H.; Zhu, H.; Zhou, P.; Zhu, H.; Ju, D. Inhibition of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor with etanercept provides protection against lethal H1N1 influenza infection in mice. Crit. Care 2013. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
108. Sheng, Y.; Zhang, C.; Qiu, X.; Zheng, W.; Ruan, J.; Shao, Y. Exploring the molecular mechanism of action between drug and RNA polymerase based on partially-resolved spatial structures. Curr. Comput. Aided Drug Des. 2013, 9, 547-555. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
109. Alsuwaidi, A.R.; Almarzooqi, S.; Albawardi, A.; Benedict, S.; Kochiyil, J.; Mustafa, F.; Hartwig, S.M.; Varga, S.M.; Souid, A.K. Cellular bioenergetics, caspase activity and glutathione in murine lungs infected with influenza A virus. Virology 2013, 446, 180-188. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
110. Park, S.; Kim, J.I.; Lee, I.; Lee, S.; Hwang, M.W.; Bae, J.Y.; Heo, J.; Kim, D.; Han, S.Z.; Park, M.S. Aronia melanocarpa and its components demonstrate antiviral activity against influenza viruses. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2013, 440, 14-19. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
111. Gluck, B.; Schmidtke, M.; Walther, M.; Meerbach, A.; Wutzler, P. Simvastatin treatment showed no prophylactic effect in influenza virus-infected mice. J. Med. Virol. 2013, 85, 1978-1982. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
112. Kim, Y.; Kim, H.; Bae, S.; Choi, J.; Lim, S.Y.; Lee, N.; Kong, J.M.; Hwang, Y.I.; Kang, J.S.; Lee, W.J. Vitamin C is an essential factor on the anti-viral immune responses through the production of interferon- at the initial stage of influenza A virus (H3N2) infection. Immune Netw. 2013, 13, 70-74. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
113. Kim, W.; Kim, S.H.; Huh, S.Y.; Kong, S.Y.; Choi, Y.J.; Cheong, H.J.; Kim, H.J. Reduced antibody formation after influenza vaccination in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder treated with rituximab. Eur. J. Neurol. 2013, 20, 975-980. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
114. Belser, J.A.; Szretter, K.J.; Katz, J.M.; Tumpey, T.M. Simvastatin and oseltamivir combination therapy does not improve the effectiveness of oseltamivir alone following highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus infection in mice. Virology 2013, 439, 42-46. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
115. Checconi, P.; Sgarbanti, R.; Celestino, I.; Limongi, D.; Amatore, D.; Iuvara, A.; Alimonti, A.; Garaci, E.; Palamara, A.T.; Nencioni, L. The environmental pollutant cadmium promotes influenza virus replication in MDCK cells by altering their redox state. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 4148-4162. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
116. Kumaki, Y.; Morrey, J.D.; Barnard, D.L. Effect of statin treatments on highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, seasonal and H1N1pdm09 virus infections in BALB/c mice. Future Virol. 2012, 7, 801-818. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
117. Wang, S.; Zhang, J.; Ye, X. Protein kinase inhibitor flavopiridol inhibits the replication of influenza virus in vitro. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2012, 52, 1137-1142. [PubMed]
118. Chen, Y.H.; Wu, K.L.; Chen, C.H. Methamphetamine reduces human influenza A virus replication. PLoS ONE 2012, 7, e48335. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
119. Ali, A.; Ibrahim, M.; Eladl, A.E.; Saif, Y.M.; Lee, C.W. Enhanced replication of swine influenza viruses in dexamethasone-treated juvenile and layer turkeys. Vet. Microbiol. 2013, 162, 353-359. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
120. Eisenberg, R.A.; Jawad, A.F.; Boyer, J.; Maurer, K.; McDonald, K.; Prak, E.T.; Sullivan, K.E. Rituximab-treated patients have a poor response to influenza vaccination. J. Clin. Immunol. 2013, 33, 388-396. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
121. Yatmaz, S.; Seow, H.J.; Gualano, R.C.; Wong, Z.X.; Stambas, J.; Selemidis, S.; Crack, P.J.; Bozinovski, S.; Anderson, G.P.; Vlahos, R. Glutathione peroxidase-1 reduces influenza A virus-induced lung inflammation. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2013, 48, 17-26. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
122. Hu, Y.; Jin, Y.; Han, D.; Zhang, G.; Cao, S.; Xie, J.; Xue, J.; Li, Y.; Meng, D.; Fan, X.; et al. Mast cell-induced lung injury in mice infected with H5N1 influenza virus. J. Virol. 2012, 86, 3347-3356. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
123. Upadhyay, A.; Chompoo, J.; Taira, N.; Fukuta, M.; Gima, S.; Tawata, S. Solid-phase synthesis of mimos inetetrapeptides and their inhibitory activities on neuraminidase and tyrosinase. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59, 12858-12863. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
124. Garigliany, M.M.; Desmecht, D.J. N-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza A viruses. J. Negat. Results Biomed. 2011. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
125. Uchide, N.; Toyoda, H. Antioxidant therapy as a potential approach to severe influenza-associated complications. Molecules 2011, 16, 2032-2052. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
126. Canestri, A.; Krivine, A.; Assoumou, L.; le Corre, M.; Rozenberg, F.; Marcelin, A.G.; Schneider, L.; Samri, A.; Carcelain, G.; Autran, B. Maraviroc does not affect humoral response to the pandemic influenza A-H1N1V 2009 adjuvanted vaccine in HIV-1-infected patients. AIDS 2010, 24, 2887-2889. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
127. Dudek, S.E.; Luig, C.; Pauli, E.K.; Schubert, U.; Ludwig, S. The clinically approved proteasome inhibitor PS-341 efficiently blocks influenza A virus and vesicular stomatitis virus propagation by establishing an antiviral state. J. Virol. 2010, 84, 9439-9451. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
128. Ferkolj, I. How to improve the safety of biologic therapy in Crohn’s disease. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2009, 60, S67-S70.
129. Serrato, V.A.; Azevedo, V.F.; Sabatoski, V.; Goncalves, B.P.; Machado, D.M. Influenza H1N1 infection in a patient with psoriatic arthritis in treatment with Adalimumab: A case report. Clin. Rheumatol. 2013, 32, S21-S23. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
130. Yamaya, M.; Shinya, K.; Hatachi, Y.; Kubo, H.; Asada, M.; Yasuda, H.; Nishimura, H.; Nagatomi, R. Clarithromycin inhibits type a seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2010, 333, 81-90. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
131. Chase, G.; Deng, T.; Fodor, E.; Leung, B.W.; Mayer, D.; Schwemmle, M.; Brownlee, G. Hsp90 inhibitors reduce influenza virus replication in cell culture. Virology 2008, 377, 431-439. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
132. Vigerust, D.J.; McCullers, J.A. Chloroquine is effective against influenza A virus in vitro but not in vivo. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses 2007, 1, 189-192. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
133. Garozzo, A.; Tempera, G.; Ungheri, D.; Timpanaro, R.; Castro, A. N-acetylcysteine synergizes with oseltamivir in protecting mice from lethal influenza infection. Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. 2007, 20, 349-354. [PubMed]
134. Kido, H.; Okumura, Y.; Yamada, H.; Le, T.Q.; Yano, M. Proteases essential for human influenza virus entry into cells and their inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2007, 13, 405-414. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
135. Li, W.; Maeda, N.; Beck, M.A. Vitamin C deficiency increases the lung pathology of influenza virus-infected gulomice. J. Nutr. 2006, 136, 2611-2616. [PubMed]
136. Ooi, E.E.; Chew, J.S.; Loh, J.P.; Chua, R.C. In vitro inhibition of human influenza a virus replication by chloroquine. Virol. J. 2006. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
137. Kumar, P.; Khanna, M.; Srivastava, V.; Tyagi, Y.K.; Raj, H.G.; Ravi, K. Effect of quercetin supplementation on lung antioxidants after experimental influenza virus infection. Exp. Lung Res. 2005, 31, 449-459. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
138. Yokozawa, T.; Sekiya, M.; Cho, E.J.; Kurokawa, M.; Shiraki, K. Effect of wen-pi-tang extract on lung damage by influenza virus infection. Phytomedicine 2004, 11, 625-632. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
139. Kumar, P.; Sharma, S.; Khanna, M.; Raj, H.G. Effect of quercetin on lipid peroxidation and changes in lung morphology in experimental influenza virus infection. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 2003, 84, 127-133. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
140. Ungheri, D.; Pisani, C.; Sanson, G.; Bertani, A.; Schioppacassi, G.; Delgado, R.; Sironi, M.; Ghezzi, P. Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine in a model of influenza infection in mice. Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. 2000, 13, 123-128. [PubMed]
141. Sieczkarski, S.B.; Whittaker, G.R. Influenza virus can enter and infect cells in the absence of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J. Virol. 2002, 76, 10455-10464. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
142. Yang, B.; Yao, D.F.; Ohuchi, M.; Ide, M.; Yano, M.; Okumura, Y.; Kido, H. Ambroxol suppresses influenza-virus proliferation in the mouse airway by increasing antiviral factor levels. Eur. Respir. J. 2002, 19, 952-958. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
143. Kim, H.K.; Jeon, W.K.; Ko, B.S. Flavanone glycosides from Citrus junos and their anti-influenza virus activity. Planta Med. 2001, 67, 548-549. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
144. Kastner, S.B.; Haines, D.M.; Archer, J.; Townsend, H.G. Investigations on the ability of clenbuterol hydrochloride to reduce clinical signs and inflammation associated with equine influenza A infection. Equine Vet. J. 1999, 31, 160-168. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
145. Keller, P.; Simons, K. Cholesterol is required for surface transport of influenza virus hemagglutinin. J. Cell Biol. 1998, 140, 1357-1367. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
146. Dolganova, A.; Sharonov, B.P. Application of various antioxidants in the treatment of influenza. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 1997, 30, 1333-1336. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
147. Sato, K.; Suga, M.; Akaike, T.; Fujii, S.; Muranaka, H.; Doi, T.; Maeda, H.; Ando, M. Therapeutic effect of erythromycin on influenza virus-induced lung injury in mice. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1998, 157, 853-857. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
148. Moser, C.A.; Speaker, T.J.; Offit, P.A. Effect of microencapsulation on immunogenicity of a bovine herpes virus glycoprotein and inactivated influenza virus in mice. Vaccine 1997, 15, 1767-1772. [CrossRef]
149. Yokochi, S.; Ishiwata, Y.; Saito, H.; Ebinuma, H.; Tsuchiya, M.; Ishii, H. Stimulation of antiviral activities of interferon by a liver extract preparation. Arzneimittelforschung 1997, 47, 968-974. [PubMed]
150. Ochiai, H.; Sakai, S.; Hirabayashi, T.; Shimizu, Y.; Terasawa, K. Inhibitory effect of bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type proton pump, on the growth of influenza A and B viruses in MDCK cells. Antivir. Res. 1995, 27, 425-430. [CrossRef]
151. Guinea, R.; Carrasco, L. Requirement for vacuolar proton-ATPase activity during entry of influenza virus into cells. J. Virol. 1995, 69, 2306-2312. [PubMed]
152. Conti, G.; Portincasa, P.; Chezzi, C. Cerulenin inhibits production of mature virion particles in chick embryo fibroblasts infected by influenza A viruses. Res. Virol. 1995, 146, 141-149. [CrossRef]
153. Broni, B.; Julkunen, I.; Condra, J.H.; Davies, M.E.; Berry, M.J.; Krug, R.M. Parental influenza virion nucleocapsids are efficiently transported into the nuclei of murine cells expressing the nuclear interferon-induced mx protein. J. Virol. 1990, 64, 6335-6340. [PubMed]
154. Hagiwara, S. Mechanisms of human platelet aggregation and release reaction induced by influenza virus. Nihon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi 1989, 52, 906-915. [PubMed]
155. Gorse, G.J.; Kopp, W.C. Modulation by immunosuppressive agents of peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to influenza A virus. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1987, 110, 592-601. [PubMed]
156. Kozhukharova, M.S.; Slepushkin, A.N.; Radeva Kh, T.; Lavrukhina, L.A.; Demidova, S.A. Evaluation of dipyridamole efficacy as an agent for preventing acute respiratory viral diseases. Vopr. Virusol. 1987, 32, 294-297. [PubMed]
157. Versluis, D.J.; Beyer, W.E.; Masurel, N.; Wenting, G.J.; Weimar, W. Impairment of the immune response to influenza vaccination in renal transplant recipients by cyclosporine, but not azathioprine. Transplantation 1986, 42, 376-379. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
158. Kuzmov, K.; Galabov, A.S.; Radeva, K.; Kozhukharova, M.; Milanov, K. Epidemiological trial of the prophylactic effectiveness of the interferon inducer dipyridamole with respect to influenza and acute respiratory diseases. Zhurnal Mikrobiol. Epidemiol. Immunobiol. 1985, 6, 26-30.
159. Schiltknecht, E.; Ada, G.L. In vivo effects of cyclosporine on influenza A virus-infected mice. Cell. Immunol. 1985, 91, 227-239. [CrossRef]
160. Bernasconi, P.; Massera, E. Evaluation of a new pharmaceutical form of nimesulide for the treatment of influenza. Drugs Exp. Clin. Res. 1985, 11, 739-743. [PubMed]
161. Nugent, K.M.; Shanley, J.D. Verapamil inhibits influenza A virus replication. Arch. Virol. 1984, 81, 163-170. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
162. Semkow, R.; Loza-Tulimowska, M.; Wilczynski, J.; Krus, S. The dynamics of serum antibodies and metaplasia of the lung respiratory epithelium in influenza-virus-preimmunized mice subjected to immunosuppression. Acta Microbiol. Pol. 1984, 33, 51-55. [PubMed]
163. Krizanova, O.; Ciampor, F.; Veber, P. Influence of chlorpromazine on the replication of influenza virus in chick embryo cells. Acta Virol. 1982, 26, 209-216. [PubMed]
164. Tonew, E.; Indulen, M.K.; Dzeguze, D.R. Antiviral action of dipyridamole and its derivatives against influenza virus A. Acta Virol. 1982, 26, 125-129. [PubMed]
165. Pan, Y.T.; Elbein, A.D. The formation of lipid-linked oligosaccharides in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Changes in oligosaccharide profiles induced by glucosamine. J. Biol. Chem. 1982, 257, 2795-2801. [PubMed]
166. Hamzehei, M.; Ledinko, N. Inhibition of influenza a virus replication by rifampicin and selenocystamine. J. Med. Virol. 1980, 6, 169-174. [PubMed]
167. Theisen, L.L.; Erdelmeier, C.A.; Spoden, G.A.; Boukhallouk, F.; Sausy, A.; Florin, L.; Muller, C.P. Tannins from hamamelis virginiana bark extract: Characterization and improvement of the antiviral efficacy against influenza a virus and human papillomavirus. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e88062. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
168. Fukuoka, M.; Minakuchi, M.; Kawaguchi, A.; Nagata, K.; Kamatari, Y.O.; Kuwata, K. Structure-based discovery of anti-influenza virus a compounds among medicines. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2012, 1820, 90-95. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
169. Nobata, K.; Fujimura, M.; Ishiura, Y.; Myou, S.; Nakao, S. Ambroxol for the prevention of acute upper respiratory disease. Clin. Exp. Med. 2006, 6, 79-83. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
170. Perwitasari, O.; Yan, X.; O’Donnell, J.; Johnson, S.; Tripp, R.A. Repurposing kinase inhibitors as antiviral agents to control influenza A virus replication. Assay Drug Dev. Technol. 2015, 13, 638-649. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
171. Kakkola, L.; Denisova, O.V.; Tynell, J.; Viiliainen, J.; Ysenbaert, T.; Matos, R.C.; Nagaraj, A.; Ohman, T.; Kuivanen, S.; Paavilainen, H. Anticancer compound ABT-263 accelerates apoptosis in virus-infected cells and imbalances cytokine production and lowers survival rates of infected mice. Cell Death Dis. 2013. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
172. Rialdi, A.; Campisi, L.; Zhao, N.; Lagda, A.C.; Pietzsch, C.; Ho, J.S.; Martinez-Gil, L.; Fenouil, R.; Chen, X.; Edwards, M. Topoisomerase 1 inhibition suppresses inflammatory genes and protects from death by inflammation. Science 2016. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
173. Huang, D.W.; Sherman, B.T.; Lempicki, R.A. Bioinformatics enrichment tools: Paths toward the comprehensive functional analysis of large gene lists. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009, 37, 1-13. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
174. Caldas, J.; Gehlenborg, N.; Faisal, A.; Brazma, A.; Kaski, S. Probabilistic retrieval and visualization of biologically relevant microarray experiments. Bioinformatics 2009, 25, i145-i153. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
175. Stanciu, C.N.; Penders, T.M.; Rouse, E.M. Recreational use of dextromethorphan, “Robotripping”—A brief review. Am. J. Addict. 2016, 25, 374-377. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
176. Huang, X.; MacIsaac, R.; Thompson, J.L.; Levin, B.; Buchsbaum, R.; Haley, E.C., Jr.; Levi, C.; Campbell, B.; Bladin, C.; Parsons, M. Tenecteplase versus alteplase in stroke thrombolysis: An individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int. J. Stroke 2016, 11, 534-543. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
177. Vitaliti, G.; Matin, N.; Tabatabaie, O.; di Traglia, M.; Pavone, P.; Lubrano, R.; Falsaperla, R. Natalizumab in multiple sclerosis: Discontinuation, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and possible use in children. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2015, 15, 1321-1341. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
178. Bain, G.; King, C.D.; Rewolinski, M.; Schaab, K.; Santini, A.M.; Shapiro, D.; Moran, M.; Wetering de Rooij, S.; Roffel, A.F.; Schuilenga-Hut, P. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of AM103, a novel inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2010, 87, 437-444. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
179. Beauparlant, P.; Bedard, D.; Bernier, C.; Chan, H.; Gilbert, K.; Goulet, D.; Gratton, M.O.; Lavoie, M.; Roulston, A.; Turcotte, E. Preclinical development of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase inhibitor prodrug GMX1777. Anticancer Drugs 2009, 20, 346-354. [CrossRef] [PubMed]