Gene × environment determinants of stress-and anxiety-related disorders

Annual Review of Psychology

Volumn 67, Issue , 2016, Pages 239-261

  Sharma, Sumeet ^a,b   Powers, Abigail ^a   Bradley, Bekh ^a,c   Ressler, Kerry J ^a,b  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c ATLANTA VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Depression; Epigenetics; Gene by environment interaction; Genome wide association study; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Stress; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY DISORDER; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETICS; GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; HUMAN; PSYCHOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

ANXIETY DISORDERS; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 84953715873     PISSN: 00664308     EISSN: 15452085     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033408     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Abecasis GR, Auton A, Brooks LD, DePristo MA, Durbin RM, et al (2012). An integrated map of genetic variation from 1, 092 human genomes. Nature 491: 56-65
2. Almli LM, Duncan R, Feng H, Ghosh D, Binder EB, et al (2014). Correcting systematic inflation in genetic association tests that consider interaction effects: application to a genome-wide association study of posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 71: 1392-99
3. Almli LM, Stevens J, Smith AK, Kilaru V, Qian M, et al (2015). Genome-wide identified risk variant for PTSD is a methylation quantitative trait locus and confers decreased cortical activation to fearful faces. Am. J. Med. Genet. B: Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 168: 327-36
4. Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: Am. Psychiatr. Publ. 5th ed
5. Appel K, Schwahn C, Mahler J, Schulz A, Spitzer C, et al (2011). Moderation of adult depression by a polymorphism in the FKBP5 gene and childhood physical abuse in the general population. Neuropsychopharmacology 36: 1982-91
6. Ardlie KG, Kruglyak L, Seielstad M. (2002). Patterns of linkage disequilibrium in the human genome. Nat. Rev. Genet. 3: 299-309
7. Binder E. (2014). Molecular mechanisms of gene™environment interaction in stress-related psychiatric disorders. NIH Videocasting Postcasting video, 49: 53. Posted Febr. 24, 2014. http://videocast.nih.gov/summary.asp?Live=13688& bhcp=1
8. Binder EB, Bradley RG, Liu W, Epstein MP, Deveau TC, et al (2008). Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults. JAMA 299: 1291-305
9. Blaya C, Salum GA, Lima MS, Leistner-Segal S, Manfro GG. (2007). Lack of association between the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and panic disorder: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Behav. Brain Funct. 3: 41
10. Bogdan R, Agrawal A, Gaffrey MS, Tillman R, Luby JL. (2014). Serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype and stressful life events interact to predict preschool-onset depression: a replication and developmental extension. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 55: 448-57
11. Boscarino JA, Erlich PM, Hoffman SN, Zhang X. (2012). Higher FKBP5, COMT, CHRNA5, and CRHR1 allele burdens are associated with PTSD and interact with trauma exposure: implications for neuropsychiatric research and treatment. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 8: 131-39
12. Brady KT, Killeen TK, Brewerton T, Lucerini S. (2000). Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 61(Suppl. 7): 22-32
13. Brewin CR, Andrews B, Valentine JD. (2000). Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 68: 748-66
14. Carr CP, Martins CMS, Stingel AM, Lemgruber VB, Juruena MF. (2013). The role of early life stress in adult psychiatric disorders: a systematic review according to childhood trauma subtypes. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 201: 1007-20
15. Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Taylor A, Craig IW, et al (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 301: 386-89
16. Chen J, Li X, McGue M. (2012). Interacting effect of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and stressful life events on adolescent depression. Genes Brain Behav. 11: 958-65
17. Cichon S, Craddock N, Daly M, Faraone SV, Gejman PV, et al (2009). Genomewide association studies: history, rationale, and prospects for psychiatric disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 166: 540-56
18. Collip D, Myin-Germeys I, Wichers M, Jacobs N, Derom C, et al (2013). FKBP5 as a possible moderator of the psychosis-inducing effects of childhood trauma. Br. J. Psychiatry 202: 261-68
19. Converge consort. (2015). Sparse whole-genome sequencing identifies two loci for major depressive disorder. Nature 523: 588-91
20. Cornelis MC, Nugent NR, Amstadter AB, Koenen KC. (2010). Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder: review and recommendations for genome-wide association studies. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 12: 313-26
21. Craske MG, Rauch SL, Ursano R, Prenoveau J, Pine DS, Zinbarg RE. (2009). What is an anxiety disorder? Depression Anxiety 26: 1066-85
22. Cross-Disord. Group Psychiatr. Genom. Consort. (2013). Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs. Nat. Genet. 45: 984-94
23. Dackis MN, Rogosch FA, Oshri A, Cicchetti D. (2012). The role of limbic system irritability in linking history of childhood maltreatment and psychiatric outcomes in low-income, high-risk women: moderation by FK506 binding protein 5 haplotype. Dev. Psychopathol. 24: 1237-52
24. Dick DM. (2011). Gene-environment interaction in psychological traits and disorders. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 7: 383-409
25. Dunn EC, Solovieff N, Lowe SR, Gallagher PJ, Chaponis J, et al (2014). Interaction between genetic variants and exposure to Hurricane Katrina on post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth: a prospective analysis of low income adults. J. Affect. Disord. 152-154: 243-49
26. Gatt JM, Nemeroff CB, Dobson-Stone C, Paul RH, Bryant RA, et al (2009). Interactions between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and early life stress predict brain and arousal pathways to syndromal depression and anxiety. Mol. Psychiatry 14: 681-95
27. Gillespie CF, Bradley B, Mercer K, Smith AK, Conneely K, et al (2009). Trauma exposure and stress-related disorders in inner city primary care patients. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 31: 505-14
28. Gillespie NA, Whitfield JB, Williams B, Heath AC, Martin NG. (2005). The relationship between stressful life events, the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) genotype and major depression. Psychol. Med. 35: 101-11
29. Grabe HJ, Spitzer C, Schwahn C, Marcinek A, Frahnow A, et al (2009). Serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) promoter polymorphisms and the susceptibility to posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population. Am. J. Psychiatry 166: 926-33
30. Guffanti G, Galea S, Yan L, Roberts AL, Solovieff N, et al (2013). Genome-wide association study implicates a novel RNA gene, the lincRNA AC068718.1, as a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder in women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 38: 3029-38
31. Gunthert KC, Conner TS, Armeli S, Tennen H, Covault J, Kranzler HR. (2007). Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and anxiety reactivity in daily life: a daily process approach to geneenvironment interaction. Psychosom. Med. 69: 762-68
32. Halperin E, Stephan DA. (2009). SNP imputation in association studies. Nat. Biotechnol. 27: 349-51
33. Heim C, Nemeroff CB. (2001). The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. Biol. Psychiatry 49: 1023-39
34. Hettema JM, Neale MC, Kendler KS. (2001). A review andmeta-analysis of the genetic epidemiology of anxiety disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 158: 1568-78
35. Hettema JM, Prescott CA, Myers JM, Neale MC, Kendler KS. (2005). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for anxiety disorders in men and women. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 62: 182-89
36. Hewitt JK. (2012). Editorial policy on candidate gene association and candidate gene-by-environment interaction studies of complex traits. Behav. Genet. 42: 1-2
37. Hirschhorn JN, Lohmueller K, Byrne E, Hirschhorn K. (2002). A comprehensive review of genetic association studies. Genet. Med. 4: 45-61
38. Hoffmann A, Spengler D. (2014). DNA memories of early social life. Neuroscience 264: 64-75
39. Holman EA, Lucas-Thompson RG, Lu T. (2011). Social constraints, genetic vulnerability, and mental health following collective stress. J. Trauma. Stress 24: 497-505
40. Int. HapMap Consort. (2003). The International HapMap Project. Nature 426: 789-96
41. Karg K, Burmeister M, Shedden K, Sen S. (2011). The serotonin transporter promoter variant (5-HTTLPR), stress, and depression meta-analysis revisited: evidence of genetic moderation. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 68: 444-54
42. Kaufman J, Yang BZ, Douglas-Palumberi H, Grasso D, Lipschitz D, et al (2006). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-5-HTTLPR gene interactions and environmental modifiers of depression in children. Biol. Psychiatry 59: 673-80
43. Keller MC. (2014). Gene™environment interaction studies have not properly controlled for potential confounders: the problem and the (simple) solution. Biol. Psychiatry 75: 18-24
44. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ. (1992). Childhood parental loss and adult psychopathology in women: a twin study perspective. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 49: 109-16
45. Kilpatrick DG, Koenen KC, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R, Galea S, et al (2007). The serotonin transporter genotype and social support and moderation of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in hurricane-exposed adults. Am. J. Psychiatry 164: 1693-99
46. Kilpatrick DG, Ruggiero KJ, Acierno R, Saunders BE, Resnick HS, Best CL. (2003). Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: results from the National Survey of Adolescents. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 71: 692-700
47. Kim-Cohen J, Caspi A, Taylor A, Williams B, Newcombe R, et al (2006). MAOA, maltreatment, and gene-environment interaction predicting children s mental health: new evidence and a meta-analysis. Mol. Psychiatry 11: 903-13
48. Klauke B, Deckert J, Reif A, Pauli P, Zwanzger P, et al (2011). Serotonin transporter gene and childhood trauma-a G™E effect on anxiety sensitivity. Depression Anxiety 28: 1048-57
49. Klengel T, Binder EB. (2015). FKBP5 allele-specific epigenetic modification in gene by environment interaction. Neuropsychopharmacology 40: 244-46
50. Klengel T, Mehta D, Anacker C, Rex-Haffner M, Pruessner JC, et al (2013). Allele-specific FKBP5 DNA demethylation mediates gene-childhood trauma interactions. Nat. Neurosci. 16: 33-41
51. Kolassa I, Ertl V, Eckart C, Glöckner F, Kolassa S, et al promoter polymorphism in posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence from survivors of the Rwandan genocide. J. Clin. Psychiatry 71: 543-47
52. Lee SH, Ripke S, Neale BM, Faraone SV, Purcell SM, et al (2013). Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs. Nat. Genet. 45: 984-94
53. Logue MW, Amstadter AB, Baker DG, Duncan L, Koenen KC, et al (2015). The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Workgroup: Posttraumatic stress disorder enters the age of large-scale genomic collaboration. Neuropsychopharmacology 40: 2287-97
54. Logue MW, Baldwin C, Guffanti G, Melista E, Wolf EJ, et al (2013). A genome-wide association study of post-traumatic stress disorder identifies the retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) gene as a significant risk locus. Mol. Psychiatry 18(8): 937-42
55. Mac Millan HL, Fleming JE, Streiner DL, Lin E, Boyle MH, et al (2001). Childhood abuse and lifetime psychopathology in a community sample. Childhood 158(11): 1878-83
56. Major Depressive Disord.Work. Group Psychiatr. GWAS Consort. (2013). A mega-analysis of genome-wide association studies for major depressive disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 18(4): 497-511
57. McCarroll SA. (2008). Extending genome-wide association studies to copy-number variation. Hum. Mol. Genet. 17: R135-42
58. McLaughlin KA, Conron KJ, Koenen KC, Gilman SE. (2010). Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: a test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults. Psychol. Med. 40: 1647-58
59. Mellman TA, Alim T, Brown DD, Gorodetsky E, Buzas B, et al (2009). Serotonin polymorphisms and posttraumatic stress disorder in a trauma exposed African American population. Depression Anxiety 26: 993-97
60. Mercer KB, Orcutt HK, Quinn JF, Fitzgerald CA, Conneely KN, et al (2012). Acute and posttraumatic stress symptoms in a prospective gene™environment study of a university campus shooting. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 69: 89-97
61. Mills RE, Walter K, Stewart C, Handsaker RE, Chen K, et al (2011). Mapping copy number variation by population-scale genome sequencing. Nature 470: 59-65
62. Nederhof E, Bouma EM, Oldehinkel AJ, Ormel J. (2010). Interaction between childhood adversity, brainderived neurotrophic factor val/met and serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism on depression: the TRAILS study. Biol. Psychiatry 68: 209-12
63. Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Mustapic M, Yurgil KA, Schork NJ, et al (2015). Genomic predictors of combat stress vulnerability and resilience in U.S. Marines: A genome-wide association study across multiple ancestries implicates PRTFDC1 as a potential PTSD gene. Psychoneuroendocrinology 51: 459-71
64. Psychiatr.GWASConsort. Steer.Comm. 2009.Aframework for interpreting genome-wide association studies of psychiatric disorders. Mol. Psychiatry 14: 10-17
65. Ripke S, Wray NR, Lewis CM, Hamilton SP, Weissman MM, et al (2013). A mega-analysis of genome-wide association studies for major depressive disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 18: 497-511
66. Risch N, Herrell R, Lehner T, Liang K-Y, Eaves L, et al (2009). Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful life events, and risk of depression: a meta-analysis. JAMA 301: 2462-71
67. Roy A, Gorodetsky E, Yuan Q, Goldman D, Enoch MA. (2010). Interaction of FKBP5, a stress-related gene, with childhood trauma increases the risk for attempting suicide. Neuropsychopharmacology 35: 1674-83
68. Roy A, HuX-Z, Janal MN, Goldman D. (2007). Interaction between childhood trauma and serotonin transporter gene variation in suicide. Neuropsychopharmacology 32: 2046-52
69. Sayin A, Kucukyildirim S, Akar T, Bakkaloglu Z, Demircan A, et al (2010). A prospective study of serotonin transporter gene promoter (5-HTT gene linked polymorphic region) and intron 2 (variable number of tandem repeats) polymorphisms as predictors of trauma response to mild physical injury. DNA Cell Biol. 29: 71-77
70. Schizophr. Work. Group Psychiatr. Genom. Consort. (2014). Biological insights from 108 schizophreniaassociated genetic loci. Nature 511: 421-27
71. Sham PC, Purcell SM. (2014). Statistical power and significance testing in large-scale genetic studies. Nat. Rev. Genet. 15: 335-46
72. Stein MB, Schork NJ, Gelernter J. (2008). Gene-by-environment (serotonin transporter and childhood maltreatment) interaction for anxiety sensitivity, an intermediate phenotype for anxiety disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 33: 312-19
73. Thakur GA, Joober R, Brunet A. (2009). Development and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder and the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism. J. Trauma. Stress 22: 240-43
74. Walsh K, Uddin M, Soliven R, Wildman DE, Bradley B. (2014). Associations between the SS variant of 5-HTTLPR and PTSD among adults with histories of childhood emotional abuse: results from two African American independent samples. J. Affect. Disord. 161: 91-96
75. Wang Z, Baker DG, Harrer J, Hamner M, Price M, Amstadter A. (2011). The relationship between combatrelated posttraumatic stress disorder and the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism. Depression Anxiety 28: 1067-73
76. Xie P, Kranzler HR, Farrer L, Gelernter J. (2012). Serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype moderates the effects of childhood adversity on posttraumatic stress disorder risk: a replication study. Am. J.Med. Genet. B: Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 159: 644-52
77. Xie P, Kranzler HR, Poling J, Stein MB, Anton RF, et al (2009). Interactive effect of stressful life events and the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype on posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis in 2 independent populations. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 66: 1201-9
78. Xie P, Kranzler HR, Poling J, Stein MB, Anton RF, et al (2010). Interaction of FKBP5 with childhood adversity on risk for post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 35: 1684-92
79. Xie P, Kranzler HR, Yang C, Zhao H, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. (2013). Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 74: 656-63
80. Zannas AS, Binder EB. (2014). Gene-environment interactions at the FKBP5 locus: sensitive periods, mechanisms and pleiotropism. Genes Brain Behav. 13: 25-37
81. Zhang H. (2011). Statistical analysis in genetic studies of mental illnesses. Stat. Sci. 26: 116-29
82. Zimmermann P, Bruckl T, Nocon A, Pfister H, Binder EB, et al (2011). Interaction of FKBP5 gene variants and adverse life events in predicting depression onset: results from a 10-year prospective community study. Am. J. Psychiatry 168: 1107-16