메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 28-45

Recent advances in Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) efflux pump inhibitors of Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus

Author keywords

Bacterial multidrug resistance; Efflux pump inhibitors; EPIs; MDR; NorA

Indexed keywords

CHALCONE; CIPROFLOXACIN; NORFLOXACIN; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SPARFLOXACIN;

EID: 84953271631     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20796382     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics2010028     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (127)

References (71)
  • 2
    • 0032173617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial enzymatic resistance: Beta-lactamases and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes
    • Bush, K.; Miller, G. H. Bacterial enzymatic resistance: Beta-lactamases and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 1998, 1, 509-515.
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.1 , pp. 509-515
    • Bush, K.1    Miller, G.H.2
  • 4
    • 0038440791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones: Target alterations, decreased accumulation and DNA gyrase protection
    • Ruiz, J. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones: Target alterations, decreased accumulation and DNA gyrase protection. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2003, 51, 1109-1117.
    • (2003) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.51 , pp. 1109-1117
    • Ruiz, J.1
  • 5
    • 0347479229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited
    • Nikaido, H. Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2003, 67, 593-656.
    • (2003) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.67 , pp. 593-656
    • Nikaido, H.1
  • 6
    • 68949110351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: An update
    • Li, X. Z.; Nikaido, H. Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: An update. Drugs 2009, 69, 1555-1623.
    • (2009) Drugs , vol.69 , pp. 1555-1623
    • Li, X.Z.1    Nikaido, H.2
  • 7
    • 0032695922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial antibiotic efflux systems of medical importance
    • Kohler, T.; Pechere, J. C.; Plesiat, P. Bacterial antibiotic efflux systems of medical importance. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 1999, 56, 771-778.
    • (1999) Cell Mol. Life Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 771-778
    • Kohler, T.1    Pechere, J.C.2    Plesiat, P.3
  • 9
    • 33746861156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can efflux inhibitors really counter resistance?
    • Poole, K.; Lomovskaya, O. Can efflux inhibitors really counter resistance? Drug Discov. Today 2006, 3, 145-152.
    • (2006) Drug Discov. Today , vol.3 , pp. 145-152
    • Poole, K.1    Lomovskaya, O.2
  • 11
    • 33745737489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinoline derivatives as promising inhibitors of antibiotic efflux pump in multidrug resistant Enterobacter aerogenes isolates
    • Mahamoud, A.; Chevalier, J.; Davin-Regli, A.; Barbe, J.; Pages, J. M. Quinoline derivatives as promising inhibitors of antibiotic efflux pump in multidrug resistant Enterobacter aerogenes isolates. Curr. Drug Targets 2006, 7, 843-847.
    • (2006) Curr. Drug Targets , vol.7 , pp. 843-847
    • Mahamoud, A.1    Chevalier, J.2    Davin-Regli, A.3    Barbe, J.4    Pages, J.M.5
  • 12
    • 79960007584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An original deal for new molecule: Reversal of efflux pump activity, a rational strategy to combat gram-negative resistant bacteria
    • Pages, J. M.; Amaral, L.; Fanning, S. An original deal for new molecule: Reversal of efflux pump activity, a rational strategy to combat gram-negative resistant bacteria. Curr. Med. Chem. 2011, 18, 2969-2980.
    • (2011) Curr. Med. Chem. , vol.18 , pp. 2969-2980
    • Pages, J.M.1    Amaral, L.2    Fanning, S.3
  • 13
    • 64649103209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of drug efflux and strategies to combat them: Challenging the efflux pump of Gram-negative bacteria
    • Pages, J. M.; Amaral, L. Mechanisms of drug efflux and strategies to combat them: Challenging the efflux pump of Gram-negative bacteria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1794, 826-833.
    • (2009) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1794 , pp. 826-833
    • Pages, J.M.1    Amaral, L.2
  • 14
    • 39149121434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential role of non-antibiotics (helper compounds) in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections: Mechanisms for their direct and indirect activities
    • Martins, M.; Dastidar, S. G.; Fanning, S.; Kristiansen, J. E.; Molnar, J.; Pages, J. M.; Schelz, Z.; Spengler, G.; Viveiros, M.; Amaral, L. Potential role of non-antibiotics (helper compounds) in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections: Mechanisms for their direct and indirect activities. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 2008, 31, 198-208.
    • (2008) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.31 , pp. 198-208
    • Martins, M.1    Dastidar, S.G.2    Fanning, S.3    Kristiansen, J.E.4    Molnar, J.5    Pages, J.M.6    Schelz, Z.7    Spengler, G.8    Viveiros, M.9    Amaral, L.10
  • 15
    • 84856729230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broad-specificity efflux pumps and their role in multidrug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria
    • Nikaido, H.; Pages, J. M. Broad-specificity efflux pumps and their role in multidrug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2012, 36, 340-363.
    • (2012) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.36 , pp. 340-363
    • Nikaido, H.1    Pages, J.M.2
  • 19
    • 0035991982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AcrAB-TolC efflux pump contributes to multidrug resistance in the nosocomial pathogen
    • Pradel, E.; Pages, J. M. The AcrAB-TolC efflux pump contributes to multidrug resistance in the nosocomial pathogen Enterobacter aerogenes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2002, 46, 2640-2643.
    • (2002) Enterobacter aerogenes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.46 , pp. 2640-2643
    • Pradel, E.1    Pages, J.M.2
  • 20
    • 13744256306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloramphenicol and expression of multidrug efflux pump in Enterobacter aerogenes
    • Ghisalberti, D.; Masi, M.; Pages, J. M.; Chevalier, J. Chloramphenicol and expression of multidrug efflux pump in Enterobacter aerogenes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005, 328, 1113-1118.
    • (2005) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.328 , pp. 1113-1118
    • Ghisalberti, D.1    Masi, M.2    Pages, J.M.3    Chevalier, J.4
  • 21
    • 84860997095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane permeability, a pivotal function involved in antibiotic resistance and virulence in Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates
    • Lavigne, J. P.; Sotto, A.; Nicolas-Chanoine, M. H.; Bouziges, N.; Bourg, G.; Davin-Regli, A.; Pages, J. M. Membrane permeability, a pivotal function involved in antibiotic resistance and virulence in Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2012, 18, 539-545.
    • (2012) Clin. Microbiol. Infect. , vol.18 , pp. 539-545
    • Lavigne, J.P.1    Sotto, A.2    Nicolas-Chanoine, M.H.3    Bouziges, N.4    Bourg, G.5    Davin-Regli, A.6    Pages, J.M.7
  • 22
    • 80053584182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) as new antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • doi: 10. 3402/ljm. v6i0. 5870
    • Askoura, M.; Mottawea, W.; Abujamel, T.; Taher, I. Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) as new antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Libyan J. Med. 2011, 6, doi: 10. 3402/ljm. v6i0. 5870.
    • (2011) Libyan J. Med. , vol.6
    • Askoura, M.1    Mottawea, W.2    Abujamel, T.3    Taher, I.4
  • 24
    • 65449155090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the multidrug exporter MexB from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Sennhauser, G.; Bukowska, M. A.; Briand, C.; Grutter, M. G. Crystal structure of the multidrug exporter MexB from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Mol. Biol. 2009, 389, 134-145.
    • (2009) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.389 , pp. 134-145
    • Sennhauser, G.1    Bukowska, M.A.2    Briand, C.3    Grutter, M.G.4
  • 26
    • 47849111266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of 2-aryl-1H-indole inhibitors of the NorA efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Ambrus, J. I.; Kelso, M. J.; Bremner, J. B.; Ball, A. R.; Casadei, G.; Lewis, K. Structure-activity relationships of 2-aryl-1H-indole inhibitors of the NorA efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 4294-4297.
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 4294-4297
    • Ambrus, J.I.1    Kelso, M.J.2    Bremner, J.B.3    Ball, A.R.4    Casadei, G.5    Lewis, K.6
  • 28
    • 84863220948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chalcone inhibitors of the NorA efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus whole cells and enriched everted membrane vesicles
    • Holler, J. G.; Slotved, H. C.; Molgaard, P.; Olsen, C. E.; Christensen, S. B. Chalcone inhibitors of the NorA efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus whole cells and enriched everted membrane vesicles. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2012, 20, 4514-4521.
    • (2012) Bioorg. Med. Chem. , vol.20 , pp. 4514-4521
    • Holler, J.G.1    Slotved, H.C.2    Molgaard, P.3    Olsen, C.E.4    Christensen, S.B.5
  • 31
    • 28844448733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of functionalized 2-aryl-5-nitro-1H-indoles and their activity as bacterial NorA efflux pump inhibitors
    • Samosorn, S.; Bremner, J. B.; Ball, A.; Lewis, K. Synthesis of functionalized 2-aryl-5-nitro-1H-indoles and their activity as bacterial NorA efflux pump inhibitors. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2006, 14, 857-865.
    • (2006) Bioorg. Med. Chem. , vol.14 , pp. 857-865
    • Samosorn, S.1    Bremner, J.B.2    Ball, A.3    Lewis, K.4
  • 33
    • 67651165013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) of piperine analogs for bacterial NorA efflux pump inhibitors
    • Nargotra, A.; Sharma, S.; Koul, J. L.; Sangwan, P. L.; Khan, I. A.; Kumar, A.; Taneja, S. C.; Koul, S. Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) of piperine analogs for bacterial NorA efflux pump inhibitors. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2009, 44, 4128-4135.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Med. Chem. , vol.44 , pp. 4128-4135
    • Nargotra, A.1    Sharma, S.2    Koul, J.L.3    Sangwan, P.L.4    Khan, I.A.5    Kumar, A.6    Taneja, S.C.7    Koul, S.8
  • 34
    • 80051910934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution from a natural flavones nucleus to obtain 2-(4-Propoxyphenyl)quinoline derivatives as potent inhibitors of the S. aureus NorA efflux pump
    • Sabatini, S.; Gosetto, F.; Manfroni, G.; Tabarrini, O.; Kaatz, G. W.; Patel, D.; Cecchetti, V. Evolution from a natural flavones nucleus to obtain 2-(4-Propoxyphenyl)quinoline derivatives as potent inhibitors of the S. aureus NorA efflux pump. J. Med. Chem. 2011, 54, 5722-5736.
    • (2011) J. Med. Chem. , vol.54 , pp. 5722-5736
    • Sabatini, S.1    Gosetto, F.2    Manfroni, G.3    Tabarrini, O.4    Kaatz, G.W.5    Patel, D.6    Cecchetti, V.7
  • 35
    • 2442482533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural differences between paroxetine and femoxetine responsible for differential inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus efflux pumps
    • Wei, P.; Kaatz, G. W.; Kerns, R. J. Structural differences between paroxetine and femoxetine responsible for differential inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus efflux pumps. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2004, 14, 3093-3097.
    • (2004) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.14 , pp. 3093-3097
    • Wei, P.1    Kaatz, G.W.2    Kerns, R.J.3
  • 36
    • 7044249363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and biological evaluation of grapefruit oil components as potential novel efflux pump modulators in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains
    • Abulrob, A. N.; Suller, M. T.; Gumbleton, M.; Simons, C.; Russell, A. D. Identification and biological evaluation of grapefruit oil components as potential novel efflux pump modulators in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains. Phytochemistry 2004, 65, 3021-3027.
    • (2004) Phytochemistry , vol.65 , pp. 3021-3027
    • Abulrob, A.N.1    Suller, M.T.2    Gumbleton, M.3    Simons, C.4    Russell, A.D.5
  • 37
    • 39049137510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and evaluation of PSSRI-based inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pumps
    • German, N.; Kaatz, G. W.; Kerns, R. J. Synthesis and evaluation of PSSRI-based inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pumps. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 1368-1373.
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 1368-1373
    • German, N.1    Kaatz, G.W.2    Kerns, R.J.3
  • 38
    • 82255183072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors of bacterial drug efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily
    • Okandeji, B. O.; Greenwald, D. M.; Wroten, J.; Sello, J. K. Synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors of bacterial drug efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2011, 19, 7679-7689.
    • (2011) Bioorg. Med. Chem. , vol.19 , pp. 7679-7689
    • Okandeji, B.O.1    Greenwald, D.M.2    Wroten, J.3    Sello, J.K.4
  • 40
    • 0442307441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria
    • Li, X. Z.; Nikaido, H. Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria. Drugs 2004, 64, 159-204.
    • (2004) Drugs , vol.64 , pp. 159-204
    • Li, X.Z.1    Nikaido, H.2
  • 41
    • 0033170990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RND permease superfamily: An ancient, ubiquitous and diverse family that includes human disease and development proteins
    • Tseng, T. T.; Gratwick, K. S.; Kollman, J.; Park, D.; Nies, D. H.; Goffeau, A.; Saier, M. H., Jr. The RND permease superfamily: An ancient, ubiquitous and diverse family that includes human disease and development proteins. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1999, 1, 107-125.
    • (1999) J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. , vol.1 , pp. 107-125
    • Tseng, T.T.1    Gratwick, K.S.2    Kollman, J.3    Park, D.4    Nies, D.H.5    Goffeau, A.6    Saier Jr., M.H.7
  • 45
    • 18244388696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus due to overexpression of a novel multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transport protein
    • Kaatz, G. W.; McAleese, F.; Seo, S. M. Multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus due to overexpression of a novel multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transport protein. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2005, 49, 1857-1864.
    • (2005) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.49 , pp. 1857-1864
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    McAleese, F.2    Seo, S.M.3
  • 46
    • 33646251815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically relevant chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance efflux pumps in bacteria
    • Piddock, L. J. Clinically relevant chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance efflux pumps in bacteria. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2006, 19, 382-402.
    • (2006) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.19 , pp. 382-402
    • Piddock, L.J.1
  • 48
    • 0042835378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Msr(A) and related macrolide/streptogramin resistance determinants: Incomplete transporters?
    • Reynolds, E.; Ross, J. I.; Cove, J. H. Msr(A) and related macrolide/streptogramin resistance determinants: incomplete transporters? Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 2003, 22, 228-236.
    • (2003) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.22 , pp. 228-236
    • Reynolds, E.1    Ross, J.I.2    Cove, J.H.3
  • 50
    • 6344291118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of bacterial resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol
    • Schwarz, S.; Kehrenberg, C.; Doublet, B.; Cloeckaert, A. Molecular basis of bacterial resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2004, 28, 519-542.
    • (2004) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.28 , pp. 519-542
    • Schwarz, S.1    Kehrenberg, C.2    Doublet, B.3    Cloeckaert, A.4
  • 51
    • 27644571508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of an efflux-deficient streptococcus pneumoniae strain panel to identify ABC-class multidrug transporters involved in intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents
    • Robertson, G. T.; Doyle, T. B.; Lynch, A. S. Use of an efflux-deficient streptococcus pneumoniae strain panel to identify ABC-class multidrug transporters involved in intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2005, 49, 4781-4783.
    • (2005) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.49 , pp. 4781-4783
    • Robertson, G.T.1    Doyle, T.B.2    Lynch, A.S.3
  • 52
    • 0025688065 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the Staphylococcus aureus norA gene, which confers resistance to quinolones
    • Yoshida, H.; Bogaki, M.; Nakamura, S.; Ubukata, K.; Konno, M. Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the Staphylococcus aureus norA gene, which confers resistance to quinolones. J. Bacteriol. 1990, 172, 6942-6949.
    • (1990) J. Bacteriol. , vol.172 , pp. 6942-6949
    • Yoshida, H.1    Bogaki, M.2    Nakamura, S.3    Ubukata, K.4    Konno, M.5
  • 53
    • 0037050288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and molecular characterisation of CmeB, a Campylobacter jejuni multidrug efflux pump
    • Pumbwe, L.; Piddock, L. J. Identification and molecular characterisation of CmeB, a Campylobacter jejuni multidrug efflux pump. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2002, 206, 185-189.
    • (2002) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.206 , pp. 185-189
    • Pumbwe, L.1    Piddock, L.J.2
  • 54
    • 0942301295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • fexA, a novel Staphylococcus lentus gene encoding resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol
    • Kehrenberg, C.; Schwarz, S. fexA, a novel Staphylococcus lentus gene encoding resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2004, 48, 615-618.
    • (2004) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.48 , pp. 615-618
    • Kehrenberg, C.1    Schwarz, S.2
  • 55
    • 0346887115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of efflux pumps that confer resistance to drugs
    • Borges-Walmsley, M. I.; McKeegan, K. S.; Walmsley, A. R. Structure and function of efflux pumps that confer resistance to drugs. Biochem. J. 2003, 376, 313-338.
    • (2003) Biochem. J. , vol.376 , pp. 313-338
    • Borges-Walmsley, M.I.1    McKeegan, K.S.2    Walmsley, A.R.3
  • 57
  • 58
    • 24044514016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance
    • Poole, K. Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2005, 56, 20-51.
    • (2005) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.56 , pp. 20-51
    • Poole, K.1
  • 59
    • 0034799367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated drug resistance in Gram-positive bacteria
    • Markham, P. N.; Neyfakh, A. A. Efflux-mediated drug resistance in Gram-positive bacteria. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2001, 4, 509-514.
    • (2001) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.4 , pp. 509-514
    • Markham, P.N.1    Neyfakh, A.A.2
  • 60
    • 33745229374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-component bacterial multidrug transporter, EbrAB: Mutations making each component solely functional
    • Kikukawa, T.; Nara, T.; Araiso, T.; Miyauchi, S.; Kamo, N. Two-component bacterial multidrug transporter, EbrAB: Mutations making each component solely functional. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2006, 1758, 673-679.
    • (2006) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1758 , pp. 673-679
    • Kikukawa, T.1    Nara, T.2    Araiso, T.3    Miyauchi, S.4    Kamo, N.5
  • 63
    • 33749988040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MATE proteins as fundamental transporters of metabolic and xenobiotic organic cations
    • Omote, H.; Hiasa, M.; Matsumoto, T.; Otsuka, M.; Moriyama, Y. The MATE proteins as fundamental transporters of metabolic and xenobiotic organic cations. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2006, 27, 587-593.
    • (2006) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 587-593
    • Omote, H.1    Hiasa, M.2    Matsumoto, T.3    Otsuka, M.4    Moriyama, Y.5
  • 65
    • 22144471145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: Active efflux and reduced uptake
    • Kumar, A.; Schweizer, H. P. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: Active efflux and reduced uptake. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2005, 57, 1486-1513.
    • (2005) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 1486-1513
    • Kumar, A.1    Schweizer, H.P.2
  • 66
    • 34548724460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and physiology of ABC-type transporters contributing to multidrug resistance in bacteria
    • Lubelski, J.; Konings, W. N.; Driessen, A. J. Distribution and physiology of ABC-type transporters contributing to multidrug resistance in bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2007, 71, 463-476.
    • (2007) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.71 , pp. 463-476
    • Lubelski, J.1    Konings, W.N.2    Driessen, A.J.3
  • 67
    • 0033912430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance mechanisms: Drug efflux across two membranes
    • Zgurskaya, H. I.; Nikaido, H. Multidrug resistance mechanisms: Drug efflux across two membranes. Mol. Microbiol. 2000, 37, 219-225.
    • (2000) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.37 , pp. 219-225
    • Zgurskaya, H.I.1    Nikaido, H.2
  • 68
    • 84878419449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Expression of ABC Efflux Pump, Rv1217c-Rv1218c, and Its Association with Multidrug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China
    • Wang, K.; Pei, H.; Huang, B.; Zhu, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, L.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, F. F. The Expression of ABC Efflux Pump, Rv1217c-Rv1218c, and Its Association with Multidrug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China. Curr. Microbiol. 2013, 66, 222-226.
    • (2013) Curr. Microbiol. , vol.66 , pp. 222-226
    • Wang, K.1    Pei, H.2    Huang, B.3    Zhu, X.4    Zhang, J.5    Zhou, B.6    Zhu, L.7    Zhang, Y.8    Zhou, F.F.9
  • 69
    • 62749178622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitors of multidrug resistant efflux systems in bacteria
    • Zechini, B.; Versace, I. Inhibitors of multidrug resistant efflux systems in bacteria. Recent. Pat. Antiinfect. Drug Discov. 2009, 4, 37-50.
    • (2009) Recent. Pat. Antiinfect. Drug Discov. , vol.4 , pp. 37-50
    • Zechini, B.1    Versace, I.2
  • 71
    • 37249013214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A service of the US National Institutes of Health. Available online, (accessed on 31 January)
    • ClinicalTrials. gov. A service of the US National Institutes of Health. Available online: www. clinicaltrials. gov (accessed on 31 January 2013).
    • (2013) ClinicalTrials gov


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.