Optimizing Field Emission Properties of the Hybrid Structures of Graphene Stretched on Patterned and Size-controllable SiNWs

Scientific Reports

Volumn 5, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Lv, Shasha ^a   Li, Zhengcao ^a   Liao, Jiecui ^a   Wang, Guojing ^a   Li, Mingyang ^a   Miao, Wei ^a  

^a TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84945194632     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep15035     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bonard, J. M., Klinke, C., Dean, K., Coll, B. Degradation and failure of carbon nanotube field emitters. Phys. Rev. B 67, 115406 (2003).
2. Hernandez-Garcia, C., O'Shea, P. G., Stutzman, M. L. Electron sources for accelerators. Physics Today 61, 44-49 (2008).
3. Schmidt, V., Riel, H., Senz, S., Karg, S., Riess, W., Gosele, U. Realization of a silicon nanowire vertical surround-gate field-effect transistor. Small 2, 85-88 (2006).
4. Kim, K., Choi, J. Y., Kim, T., Cho, S. H., Chung, H. J. A role for graphene in silicon-based semiconductor devices. Nature 479, 338-344 (2011).
5. Rout C. S. et al. Superior Field Emission Properties of Layered WS2-RGO Nanocomposites Sci. Rep. 3, 3282 (2013).
6. Wu, Z. S., Pei, S., Ren, W., Tang, D., Gao, L., Liu, B., Li, F., Liu, C., Cheng, H. M. Field emission of single-layer graphene films prepared by electrophoretic deposition. Adv. Mater. 21, 1756-1760 (2009).
7. Eda, G., Emrah Unalan, H., Rupesinghe, N., Amaratunga, G. A. J., Chhowalla, M. Field emission from graphene based composite thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 233502 (2008).
8. Eda, G., Chhowalla, M. Graphene-based composite thin films for electronics. Nano Lett. 9, 814-818 (2009).
9. Zhang, Y., Zhang, L. Y., Zhou, C. G. Review of chemical vapor deposition of graphene and related applications. Accounts Chem Res. 46, 2329-2339 (2013).
10. Reina, A. et al. Large area, few-layer graphene films on arbitrary substrates by chemical vapor deposition. Nano Lett. 9, 30-35 (2009).
11. Chen, G. H. et al. Preparation and characterization of graphite nanosheets from ultrasonic powdering technique. Carbon 42, 753-759 (2004).
12. Yamaguchi, H. et al. Field emission from atomically thin edges of reduced graphene oxide. ACS Nano, 5, 4945-4952 (2011).
13. Ye, D. X., Moussa, S., Ferguson, J. D., Baski, A. A., El-Shall, M. S. Highly efficient electron field emission from graphene oxide sheets supported by nickel nanotip arrays. Nano Lett. 12, 1265-1268 (2012).
14. Devarapalli, R. R. et al. High efficiency electron field emission from protruded graphene oxide nanosheets supported on sharp silicon nanowires. J. Mater. Chem. C 1, 5040-5046 (2013).
15. Fang, X., Bando, Y., Gautam, U. K., Ye, C., Golberg, D. Inorganic semiconductor nanostructures and their field-emission applications. J. Mater. Chem. 18, 509-522 (2008).
16. Lv, S. S., Li, Z. C., Su, S. M., Lin, L. H., Zhang, Z. J., Miao, W. Tunable field emission properties of well-aligned silicon nanowires with controlled aspect ratio and proximity. RSC Adv. 4, 31729-31734 (2014).
17. Lv, S. S., Li, Z. C., Liao, J. C., Zhang, Z. J., Miao, W. Well-aligned NiSi/Si heterostructured nanowire arrays as field emitters. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 33, 02B101 (2015).
18. Lahiri, I., Verma, V. P., Choi, W. An all-Graphene based Transparent and Flexible Field Emission Device. Carbon 49, 1614-1619 (2011).
19. Qian, M. et al. Electron Field Emission from Screen-Printed Graphene Films. Nanotechnol. 20, 425702 (2009).
20. Zhu, Y. et al. Graphene and graphene oxide: synthesis, properties, and applications. Adv. Mater. 22, 3906-3924 (2010).
21. Stern, T. E., Gossling, B. S., Fowler, R. H. Further studies in the emission of electrons from cold metals. Proc. R. Soc. A. 124, 699-723 (1929).
22. Fowler, R. H., Nordheim, L. Electron emission in intense electric fields. Proc. R. Soc. A. 119, 173-181 (1928).
23. Yu, Y. J., Zhao, Y., Ryu, S. M., Brus, L. E., Kim, K. S., Kim, P. Tuning the graphene work function by electric field effect. Nano Lett. 9, 3430-3434 (2009).
24. Palnitkar, U. A., Kashid, R. V., More, M. A., Joag, D. S., Panchakarla, L. S., Rao, C. N. R. Remarkably low turn-on field emission in undoped, nitrogen-doped, and boron-doped graphene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 063102 (2010).
25. Yang, Z. C., Zhao, Q., Ou, Y., Wang, W., Li, H., Yu, D. Enhanced field emission from large scale uniform monolayer graphene supported by well-aligned ZnO nanowire arrays. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 173107 (2012).
26. Xiao, Z. M. et al. Field electron emission characteristics and physical mechanism of individual single-layer graphene. ACS Nano 4, 6332-6336 (2010).
27. Zhang, L. et al. Highly efficient field emission from large-scale and uniform monolayer graphene sheet supported on patterned ZnO nanorod arrays. J. Mater. Chem. 2, 3965 (2014).
28. Zhang, J., Yang, C., Yang, W., Feng, T., Wang, X., Liu, X. Appearance of a knee on the Fowler-Nordheim plot of carbon nanotubes on a substrate. Solid State Commun. 138, 13-16 (2006).
29. Stratton, R. Field emission from semiconductors. Proc. Phys. Soc., London, ect. B 68, 746 (1955).
30. Khanna, R., Pearton, S. J., Ren, F., Kravchenko, I., Kao, C. J., Chi, G. C. W2B-based rectifying contacts to n-GaN. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 052110 (2005).
31. Maiti, U. N., Maiti, S., Majumder, T. P., Chattopadhyay, K. K. Ultra-thin graphene edges at the nanowire tips: a cascade cold cathode with two-stage field amplification. Nanotechnology 22, 505703-505710 (2011).
32. Lin, L. H., Sun X. Z., Tao, R., Li, Z. C., Feng, J. Y., Zhang, Z. J. Photoluminescence origins of the porous silicon nanowire arrays. J. Appl. Phys. 110, 073109 (2011).
33. Sun X. Z., Tao, R., Lin, L. H., Li, Z. C., Zhang, Z. J., Feng, J. Y. Fabrication and characterization of polycrystalline silicon nanowires with silver-assistance by electroless deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 257, 3861 (2011).
34. Georgiou, T. et al. Vertical field-effect transistor based on graphene-WS2 heterostructures for flexible and transparent electronics. Nature Nanotech. 8, 100-103 (2013).
35. Santandrea, S. et al. Field emission from single and few-layer graphene flakes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 163109 (1-3) (2011).
36. Wang, W., Qin, X., Xu, N., Li, Z. Field Electron Emission Characteristic of Graphene. J. Appl. Phys. 109, 044304 (2011).
37. Park, H., Rowehl, J. A., Kim, K. K., Bulovic, V., Kong, J. Doped Graphene Electrodes for Organic Solar Cells. Nanotechnol. 21, 505204 (2010).
38. Robinson, J. T., Perkins, F. K., Snow, E. S., Wei, Z., Sheehan, P. E. Reduced Graphene Oxide Molecular Sensors. Nano Lett. 8, 3137-3140 (2008).
39. Yin, Z. et al. Organic Photovoltaic Devices Using Highly Flexible Reduced Graphene Oxide Films as Transparent Electrodes. ACS nano 4, 5263-5268 (2010).
40. Yeh, T. F., Cihlar, J., Chang, C. Y., Cheng, C., Teng, H. Roles of Graphene Oxide in Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Materials Today 16, 78-84 (2013).
41. Agrawal, Y. et al. High-Performance Stable Field Emission with Ultralow Turn on Voltage from rGO Conformal Coated TiO2 Nanotubes 3D Arrays. Sci. Rep. 5, 11612 (2011).
42. Su, S. M., Lin, L. H., Li, Z. C., Feng, J. Y., Zhang, Z. J. The fabrication of large-scale sub-10-nm core-shell silicon nanowire arrays. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8, 405 (2013).
43. Li, X. S. et al. Large-area synthesis of high-quality and uniform graphene films on copper foils. Science 324, 1312-1314 (2009).