메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 89, Issue , 2015, Pages 120-125

Flavonoid nutraceuticals and ionotropic receptors for the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA

Author keywords

Apigenin; Catechin; Epigallocatechin gallate; Flavonoids; GABA; Receptor modulation

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR; APIGENIN; CATECHIN; DIHYDROMYRICETIN; EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; FLAVONOID; HISPIDULIN; IONOTROPIC RECEPTOR; LUTEOLIN; NUTRACEUTICAL; TAXIFOLIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR; AGENTS INTERACTING WITH TRANSMITTER, HORMONE OR DRUG RECEPTORS; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR AFFECTING AGENT;

EID: 84942296244     PISSN: 01970186     EISSN: 18729754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.013     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (65)

References (74)
  • 2
    • 32044438645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (-)-epigallocatechin gallate attenuates acute stress responses through GABAergic system in the brain
    • N. Adachi, S. Tomonaga, T. Tachibana, D.M. Denbow, and M. Furuse (-)-epigallocatechin gallate attenuates acute stress responses through GABAergic system in the brain Eur. J. Pharmacol. 531 2006 171 175
    • (2006) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.531 , pp. 171-175
    • Adachi, N.1    Tomonaga, S.2    Tachibana, T.3    Denbow, D.M.4    Furuse, M.5
  • 3
    • 33751088533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids as antagonists at A1 adenosine receptors
    • S.P. Alexander Flavonoids as antagonists at A1 adenosine receptors Phytother. Res. 20 2006 1009 1012
    • (2006) Phytother. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 1009-1012
    • Alexander, S.P.1
  • 4
    • 0034106431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in the Netherlands. 1. Fruits, vegetables, staple foods, and processed foods
    • I.C.W. Arts, B. van de Putte, and P.C.H. Hollman Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in the Netherlands. 1. Fruits, vegetables, staple foods, and processed foods J. Agric. Food Chem. 48 2000 1746 1751
    • (2000) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.48 , pp. 1746-1751
    • Arts, I.C.W.1    Van De Putte, B.2    Hollman, P.C.H.3
  • 6
    • 84892681615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intakes of total and individual flavonoids by US adults
    • W. Bai, C. Wang, and C. Ren Intakes of total and individual flavonoids by US adults Int. J. Food Sc. Nutr. 65 2014 9 20
    • (2014) Int. J. Food Sc. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 9-20
    • Bai, W.1    Wang, C.2    Ren, C.3
  • 8
    • 33644949188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of green and black teas and their catechin gallate esters against beta-amyloid-induced toxicity
    • S. Bastianetto, Z.X. Yao, V. Papadopoulos, and R. Quirion Neuroprotective effects of green and black teas and their catechin gallate esters against beta-amyloid-induced toxicity Eur. J. Neurosci. 23 2006 55 64
    • (2006) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 55-64
    • Bastianetto, S.1    Yao, Z.X.2    Papadopoulos, V.3    Quirion, R.4
  • 9
    • 78651316307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of dietary flavonoid intake in the UK and Ireland
    • K. Beking, and A. Vieira An assessment of dietary flavonoid intake in the UK and Ireland Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 62 2011 17 19
    • (2011) Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. , vol.62 , pp. 17-19
    • Beking, K.1    Vieira, A.2
  • 10
    • 0033982996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 'ABC' of GABA receptors
    • J. Bormann The 'ABC' of GABA receptors Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 21 2000 16 19
    • (2000) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 16-19
    • Bormann, J.1
  • 11
    • 30844468174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B receptor: A site of therapeutic benefit
    • B receptor: a site of therapeutic benefit Cur. Opin. Pharmacol. 6 2006 37 43
    • (2006) Cur. Opin. Pharmacol. , vol.6 , pp. 37-43
    • Bowery, N.G.1
  • 15
    • 0034692175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA-activated ligand gated ion channels: Medicinal chemistry and molecular biology
    • M. Chebib, and G.A.R. Johnston GABA-activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology J. Med. Chem. 43 2000 1427 1447
    • (2000) J. Med. Chem. , vol.43 , pp. 1427-1447
    • Chebib, M.1    Johnston, G.A.R.2
  • 16
    • 84884233188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic action of flavonoids, baicalein, and daidzein in estrogenic and neuroprotective effects: A development of potential health products and therapeutic drugs against Alzheimer's disease
    • 635694-Article ID 635694
    • R.C.Y. Choi, J.T.T. Zhu, A.W.Y. Yung, P.S.C. Lee, S.L. Xu, A.J.Y. Guo, K.Y. Zhu, T.T.X. Dong, and K.W.K. Tsim Synergistic action of flavonoids, baicalein, and daidzein in estrogenic and neuroprotective effects: a development of potential health products and therapeutic drugs against Alzheimer's disease Evidence-based Complem. Alt. Med. 2013 2013 635694-Article ID 635694
    • (2013) Evidence-based Complem. Alt. Med. , vol.2013
    • Choi, R.C.Y.1    Zhu, J.T.T.2    Yung, A.W.Y.3    Lee, P.S.C.4    Xu, S.L.5    Guo, A.J.Y.6    Zhu, K.Y.7    Dong, T.T.X.8    Tsim, K.W.K.9
  • 17
    • 84875325881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective actions of flavones and flavonols: Mechanisms and relationship to flavonoid structural features
    • F. Dajas, A.C. Andres, A. Florencia, E. Carolina, and R.M. Felicia Neuroprotective actions of flavones and flavonols: mechanisms and relationship to flavonoid structural features CNS Agents Med. Chem. 13 2013 30 35
    • (2013) CNS Agents Med. Chem. , vol.13 , pp. 30-35
    • Dajas, F.1    Andres, A.C.2    Florencia, A.3    Carolina, E.4    Felicia, R.M.5
  • 19
    • 33748789356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylated polyphenols are poor "chemical" antioxidants but can still effectively protect cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity
    • D. Deng, J. Zhang, J.M. Cooney, M.A. Skinner, A. Adaim, D.J. Jensen, and D.E. Stevenson Methylated polyphenols are poor "chemical" antioxidants but can still effectively protect cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity FEBS Lett. 580 2006 5247 5250
    • (2006) FEBS Lett. , vol.580 , pp. 5247-5250
    • Deng, D.1    Zhang, J.2    Cooney, J.M.3    Skinner, M.A.4    Adaim, A.5    Jensen, D.J.6    Stevenson, D.E.7
  • 20
    • 84864452592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intakes of berries and flavonoids in relation to cognitive decline
    • E.E. Devore, J.H. Kang, M.M. Breteler, and F. Grodstein Dietary intakes of berries and flavonoids in relation to cognitive decline Ann. Neurol. 72 2012 135 143
    • (2012) Ann. Neurol. , vol.72 , pp. 135-143
    • Devore, E.E.1    Kang, J.H.2    Breteler, M.M.3    Grodstein, F.4
  • 24
    • 17444424615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interaction between hesperidin, a natural flavonoid, and diazepam
    • S.P. Fernandez, C. Wasowski, A.C. Paladini, and M. Marder Synergistic interaction between hesperidin, a natural flavonoid, and diazepam Eur. J. Pharmacol. 512 2005 189 198
    • (2005) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.512 , pp. 189-198
    • Fernandez, S.P.1    Wasowski, C.2    Paladini, A.C.3    Marder, M.4
  • 25
    • 84866869190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A flavonol present in cocoa [(-)epicatechin] enhances snail memory
    • L. Fruson, S. Dalesman, and K. Lukowiak A flavonol present in cocoa [(-)epicatechin] enhances snail memory J. Exp. Biol. 215 2012 3566 3576
    • (2012) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.215 , pp. 3566-3576
    • Fruson, L.1    Dalesman, S.2    Lukowiak, K.3
  • 26
    • 84892989486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances and uses of grape flavonoids as nutraceuticals
    • V. Georgiev, A. Ananga, and V. Tsolova Recent advances and uses of grape flavonoids as nutraceuticals Nutrients 6 2014 391 415
    • (2014) Nutrients , vol.6 , pp. 391-415
    • Georgiev, V.1    Ananga, A.2    Tsolova, V.3
  • 27
    • 12844258466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C receptors in short-term memory formation in young chicks
    • C receptors in short-term memory formation in young chicks Neuroscience 131 2005 567 576
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.131 , pp. 567-576
    • Gibbs, M.E.1    Johnston, G.A.R.2
  • 28
  • 30
    • 84921288363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of flavonoids with ionotropic GABA receptors
    • J.R. Hanrahan, M. Chebib, and G.A.R. Johnston Interactions of flavonoids with ionotropic GABA receptors Adv. Pharmacol. 72 2015 189 199
    • (2015) Adv. Pharmacol. , vol.72 , pp. 189-199
    • Hanrahan, J.R.1    Chebib, M.2    Johnston, G.A.R.3
  • 31
    • 84907262865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular administration of luteolin in a rat neuropathic pain model
    • K. Hara, Y. Haranishi, T. Terada, Y. Takahashi, M. Nakamura, and T. Sata Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular administration of luteolin in a rat neuropathic pain model Pharmacol. Biochem. Beha. 125 2014 78 84
    • (2014) Pharmacol. Biochem. Beha. , vol.125 , pp. 78-84
    • Hara, K.1    Haranishi, Y.2    Terada, T.3    Takahashi, Y.4    Nakamura, M.5    Sata, T.6
  • 32
    • 79952155950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids and the CNS
    • A.K. Jager, and L. Saaby Flavonoids and the CNS Molecules 16 2011 1471 1485
    • (2011) Molecules , vol.16 , pp. 1471-1485
    • Jager, A.K.1    Saaby, L.2
  • 36
    • 84876903429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advantages of an antagonist: Bicuculline and other GABA antagonists
    • G.A.R. Johnston Advantages of an antagonist: bicuculline and other GABA antagonists Brit. J. Pharmacol. 169 2013 328 336
    • (2013) Brit. J. Pharmacol. , vol.169 , pp. 328-336
    • Johnston, G.A.R.1
  • 39
    • 3242875643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The flavone hispidulin, a benzodiazepine receptor ligand with positive allosteric properties, traverses the blood-brain barrier and exhibits anticonvulsive effects
    • [see comment]
    • D. Kavvadias, P. Sand, K.A. Youdim, M.Z. Qaiser, C. Rice-Evans, R. Baur, E. Sigel, W.D. Rausch, P. Riederer, and P. Schreier The flavone hispidulin, a benzodiazepine receptor ligand with positive allosteric properties, traverses the blood-brain barrier and exhibits anticonvulsive effects [see comment] Brit. J. Pharmacol. 142 2004 811 820
    • (2004) Brit. J. Pharmacol. , vol.142 , pp. 811-820
    • Kavvadias, D.1    Sand, P.2    Youdim, K.A.3    Qaiser, M.Z.4    Rice-Evans, C.5    Baur, R.6    Sigel, E.7    Rausch, W.D.8    Riederer, P.9    Schreier, P.10
  • 40
    • 84897446236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of phytochemical antioxidants against neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons
    • T. Kita, M. Asanuma, I. Miyazaki, and M. Takeshima Protective effects of phytochemical antioxidants against neurotoxin-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons J. Pharmacol. Sci. 124 2014 313 319
    • (2014) J. Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.124 , pp. 313-319
    • Kita, T.1    Asanuma, M.2    Miyazaki, I.3    Takeshima, M.4
  • 41
    • 85018147707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids as novel neuroprotective nutraceuticals
    • R. Latif Flavonoids as novel neuroprotective nutraceuticals Saudi J. Health Sci. 4 2015 1 4
    • (2015) Saudi J. Health Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 1-4
    • Latif, R.1
  • 42
    • 84855175292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoids are neuroprotective through Nrf2-coordinated induction of endogenous cytoprotective proteins
    • C.C. Leonardo, and S. Dore Dietary flavonoids are neuroprotective through Nrf2-coordinated induction of endogenous cytoprotective proteins Nutr. Neurosci. 14 2011 226 236
    • (2011) Nutr. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 226-236
    • Leonardo, C.C.1    Dore, S.2
  • 44
    • 0021049851 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and identification of "diazepam-like" compounds in bovine brain
    • K.C. Luk, L. Stern, M. Weigele, R.A. O'Brien, and N. Spirst Isolation and identification of "diazepam-like" compounds in bovine brain J. Nat. Prod. 46 1983 852 861
    • (1983) J. Nat. Prod. , vol.46 , pp. 852-861
    • Luk, K.C.1    Stern, L.2    Weigele, M.3    O'Brien, R.A.4    Spirst, N.5
  • 48
    • 0036974403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metamodulation of the biogenic amines: Second-order modulation by steroid hormones and amine cocktails
    • K.A. Mesce Metamodulation of the biogenic amines: second-order modulation by steroid hormones and amine cocktails Brain Behav. Evol. 60 2002 339 349
    • (2002) Brain Behav. Evol. , vol.60 , pp. 339-349
    • Mesce, K.A.1
  • 49
    • 33748925413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor diversity and pharmacology
    • A receptor diversity and pharmacology Cell Tiss. Res. 326 2006 505 516
    • (2006) Cell Tiss. Res. , vol.326 , pp. 505-516
    • Möhler, H.1
  • 50
    • 70450182120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptors in cognition
    • A receptors in cognition Biochem. Soc. Trans. 37 2009 1328 1333
    • (2009) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.37 , pp. 1328-1333
    • Möhler, H.1
  • 51
    • 79954604419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of a new GABA pharmacology
    • H. Möhler The rise of a new GABA pharmacology Neuropharmacology 60 2011 1042 1049
    • (2011) Neuropharmacology , vol.60 , pp. 1042-1049
    • Möhler, H.1
  • 52
    • 0035815170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B-receptor isoforms - Molecular architecture and distribution
    • B-receptor isoforms - molecular architecture and distribution Life Sci. 68 2001 2297 2300
    • (2001) Life Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 2297-2300
    • Möhler, H.1    Benke, D.2    Fritschy, J.M.3
  • 54
    • 80054084047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of GABA(A) receptors by natural products and the development of novel synthetic ligands for the benzodiazepine binding site
    • J. Nilsson, and O. Sterner Modulation of GABA(A) receptors by natural products and the development of novel synthetic ligands for the benzodiazepine binding site Curr. Drug Targ. 12 2011 1674 1688
    • (2011) Curr. Drug Targ. , vol.12 , pp. 1674-1688
    • Nilsson, J.1    Sterner, O.2
  • 55
    • 0033029485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids and the central nervous system: From forgotten factors to potent anxiolytic compounds
    • A.C. Paladini, M. Marder, H. Viola, C. Wolfman, C. Wasowski, and J.H. Medina Flavonoids and the central nervous system: from forgotten factors to potent anxiolytic compounds J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 51 1999 519 526
    • (1999) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.51 , pp. 519-526
    • Paladini, A.C.1    Marder, M.2    Viola, H.3    Wolfman, C.4    Wasowski, C.5    Medina, J.H.6
  • 56
    • 77958455871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic inhibition of glycinergic transmission in vitro and in vivo by flavonoids and strychnine
    • K. Raafat, U. Breitinger, L. Mahran, N. Ayoub, and H.G. Breitinger Synergistic inhibition of glycinergic transmission in vitro and in vivo by flavonoids and strychnine Toxicol. Sci. 118 2010 171 182
    • (2010) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.118 , pp. 171-182
    • Raafat, K.1    Breitinger, U.2    Mahran, L.3    Ayoub, N.4    Breitinger, H.G.5
  • 57
    • 77951216441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation and metamodulation of synapses by adenosine
    • J.A. Ribeiro, and A.M. Sebastiao Modulation and metamodulation of synapses by adenosine Acta Physiol. 199 2010 161 169
    • (2010) Acta Physiol. , vol.199 , pp. 161-169
    • Ribeiro, J.A.1    Sebastiao, A.M.2
  • 58
    • 1342344806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor function and dissection of the pharmacology of benzodiazepines and general anesthetics through mouse genetics
    • A receptor function and dissection of the pharmacology of benzodiazepines and general anesthetics through mouse genetics Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 44 2004 475 498
    • (2004) Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.44 , pp. 475-498
    • Rudolph, U.1    Möhler, H.2
  • 59
    • 84881371911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant screening of luteolin in four mouse seizure models
    • M.F. Shaikh, K.N. Tan, and K. Borges Anticonvulsant screening of luteolin in four mouse seizure models Neurosci. Lett. 550 2013 195 199
    • (2013) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.550 , pp. 195-199
    • Shaikh, M.F.1    Tan, K.N.2    Borges, K.3
  • 61
    • 80555123045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): Mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications
    • B.N. Singh, S. Shankar, and R.K. Srivastava Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications Biochem. Pharmacol. 82 2011 1807 1821
    • (2011) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.82 , pp. 1807-1821
    • Singh, B.N.1    Shankar, S.2    Srivastava, R.K.3
  • 62
    • 52049089562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids: Modulators of brain function?
    • J.P. Spencer Flavonoids: modulators of brain function? Brit. J. Nutr. 99 E Suppl. 1 2008 ES60 77
    • (2008) Brit. J. Nutr. , vol.99 , Issue.E SUPPL. 1 , pp. ES60-77
    • Spencer, J.P.1
  • 63
    • 42149124306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food for thought: The role of dietary flavonoids in enhancing human memory, learning and neuro-cognitive performance
    • J.P. Spencer Food for thought: the role of dietary flavonoids in enhancing human memory, learning and neuro-cognitive performance Proc. Nutr. Soc. 67 2008 238 252
    • (2008) Proc. Nutr. Soc. , vol.67 , pp. 238-252
    • Spencer, J.P.1
  • 64
    • 78049425316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of fruit flavonoids on memory and cognition
    • J.P. Spencer The impact of fruit flavonoids on memory and cognition Brit. J. Nutr. 104 Suppl. 3 2010 S40 S47
    • (2010) Brit. J. Nutr. , vol.104 , pp. S40-S47
    • Spencer, J.P.1
  • 65
    • 0031595920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide distribution of H-3 (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, a cancer preventive tea polyphenol, in mouse tissue
    • M. Suganuma, S. Okabe, M. Oniyama, Y. Tada, H. Ito, and H. Fujiki Wide distribution of H-3 (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, a cancer preventive tea polyphenol, in mouse tissue Carcinogenesis 19 1998 1771 1776
    • (1998) Carcinogenesis , vol.19 , pp. 1771-1776
    • Suganuma, M.1    Okabe, S.2    Oniyama, M.3    Tada, Y.4    Ito, H.5    Fujiki, H.6
  • 67
    • 84896366752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of flavonoids on learning, memory and neurocognitive performance: Relevance and potential implications for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology
    • D. Vauzour Effect of flavonoids on learning, memory and neurocognitive performance: relevance and potential implications for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology J. Sci. Food Agric. 94 2014 1042 1056
    • (2014) J. Sci. Food Agric. , vol.94 , pp. 1042-1056
    • Vauzour, D.1
  • 69
    • 0029054098 scopus 로고
    • Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects
    • H. Viola, C. Wasowski, M. Levi de Stein, C. Wolfman, R. Silvera, A.E. Medina, and A.C. Paladini Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects Planta Med. 61 1995 213 216
    • (1995) Planta Med. , vol.61 , pp. 213-216
    • Viola, H.1    Wasowski, C.2    Levi De Stein, M.3    Wolfman, C.4    Silvera, R.5    Medina, A.E.6    Paladini, A.C.7
  • 71
    • 80051568520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor modulators from the traditional Chinese herbal drug kushen (Sophora flavescens root)
    • A receptor modulators from the traditional Chinese herbal drug kushen (Sophora flavescens root) Mol. Div. 15 2011 361 372
    • (2011) Mol. Div. , vol.15 , pp. 361-372
    • Yang, X.1    Baburin, I.2    Plitzko, I.3    Hering, S.4    Hamburger, M.5
  • 72
    • 84884174276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of luteolin on spatial memory, cell proliferation, and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in a scopolamine-induced amnesia model
    • D.Y. Yoo, J.H. Choi, W. Kim, S.M. Nam, H.Y. Jung, J.H. Kim, M.H. Won, Y.S. Yoon, and I.K. Hwang Effects of luteolin on spatial memory, cell proliferation, and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in a scopolamine-induced amnesia model Neurol. Res. 35 2013 813 820
    • (2013) Neurol. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 813-820
    • Yoo, D.Y.1    Choi, J.H.2    Kim, W.3    Nam, S.M.4    Jung, H.Y.5    Kim, J.H.6    Won, M.H.7    Yoon, Y.S.8    Hwang, I.K.9
  • 73
    • 7444253369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids and the brain: Interactions at the blood-brain barrier and their physiological effects on the central nervous system
    • K.A. Youdim, B. Shukitt-Hale, and J.A. Joseph Flavonoids and the brain: interactions at the blood-brain barrier and their physiological effects on the central nervous system Free Rad. Biol. Med. 37 2004 1683 1693
    • (2004) Free Rad. Biol. Med. , vol.37 , pp. 1683-1693
    • Youdim, K.A.1    Shukitt-Hale, B.2    Joseph, J.A.3
  • 74
    • 0034255092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural characterisation of the flavonoids apigenin and chrysin
    • P. Zanoli, R. Avallone, and M. Baraldi Behavioural characterisation of the flavonoids apigenin and chrysin Fitoterapia 71 2000 S117 S123
    • (2000) Fitoterapia , vol.71 , pp. S117-S123
    • Zanoli, P.1    Avallone, R.2    Baraldi, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.