메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 804-815

The PI3K-AKt-mTOR pathway and new tools to prevent acquired hormone resistance in breast cancer

Author keywords

Acquired hormone resistance; Autophagy; Breast cancer; MYC pathway; PI3K Akt mTOR pathway; PI3K mTOR inhibitors

Indexed keywords

BAFILOMYCIN A1; BUPARLISIB; DALOTUZUMAB; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR BETA; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 1; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3; HORMONE RECEPTOR; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; INSULIN; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN INHIBITOR; MYC PROTEIN; NIMBOLIDE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; PROTEIN KINASE B; RIDAFOROLIMUS; SERUM AND GLUCOCORTICOID REGULATED KINASE 1; SOMATOMEDIN C RECEPTOR; SONOLISIB; TUBERIN; MTOR PROTEIN, HUMAN; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN KINASE;

EID: 84938567470     PISSN: 13892010     EISSN: 18734316     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138920101609150715141545     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (88)
  • 1
    • 79952284127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation
    • [1] Hanahan, D.; Weinberg, R.A. Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation. Cell, 2011, 144(5), 646-674.
    • (2011) Cell , vol.144 , Issue.5 , pp. 646-674
    • Hanahan, D.1    Weinberg, R.A.2
  • 2
    • 84896368413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systemic approach to cancer treatment: Tumor cell reprogramming focused on endocrine-related cancers
    • [2] Biava, P.M.; Nicolini, A.; Ferrari, P.: Carpi, A.; Sell, S. A systemic approach to cancer treatment: tumor cell reprogramming focused on endocrine-related cancers. Curr. Med. Chem., 2014, 21(9), 1072-1081.
    • (2014) Curr. Med. Chem , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 1072-1081
    • Biava, P.M.1    Nicolini, A.2    Ferrari, P.3    Carpi, A.4    Sell, S.5
  • 3
    • 84896327395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing the endocrine dependence of breast cancer: Data and hypotheses
    • [3] Nicolini, A.; Ferrari, P.; Biava, P.M.; Carpi, A. Changing the endocrine dependence of breast cancer: data and hypotheses. Curr. Med. Chem., 2014, 21(9), 1093-1106.
    • (2014) Curr. Med. Chem , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 1093-1106
    • Nicolini, A.1    Ferrari, P.2    Biava, P.M.3    Carpi, A.4
  • 5
    • 85039813974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [5] http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/breast.pdf
  • 6
    • 84901008792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Cancer. Front
    • [6] Porta, C.; Paglino, C.; Mosca, A. Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Cancer. Front. Oncol., 2014, 4, 64.
    • (2014) Oncol , vol.4 , pp. 64
    • Porta, C.1    Paglino, C.2    Mosca, A.3
  • 7
    • 84904794527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer: Targets, trials and biomarkers
    • [7] Paplomata, E.; O'Regan, R. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer: targets, trials and biomarkers. Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol., 2014, 6(4), 154-166.
    • (2014) Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 154-166
    • Paplomata, E.1    O'regan, R.2
  • 8
    • 84864558874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized phase II trial of everolimus in combination with tamoxifen in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer with prior exposure to aromatase inhibitors: A GINECO study
    • [8] Bachelot, T.; Bourgier C.; Cropet, C.; Ray-Coquard, I.; Ferrero, J.M.; Freyer, G.; Abadie-Lacourtoisie, S.; Eymard, J.C.; Debled, M.; Spaëth, D.; Legouffe, E.; Allouache, D.; El Kouri, C.; Pujade- Lauraine, E. Randomized phase II trial of everolimus in combination with tamoxifen in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer with prior exposure to aromatase inhibitors: a GINECO study. J. Clin. Oncol., 2012, 30(22), 2718-24.
    • (2012) J. Clin. Oncol , vol.30 , Issue.22 , pp. 2718-2724
    • Bachelot, T.1    Bourgier, C.2    Cropet, C.3    Ray-Coquard, I.4    Ferrero, J.M.5    Freyer, G.6    Abadie-Lacourtoisie, S.7    Eymard, J.C.8    Debled, M.9    Spaëth, D.10    Legouffe, E.11    Allouache, D.12    El Kouri, C.13    Pujade- Lauraine, E.14
  • 9
    • 84893646332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elledge, R. A phase II study of combined fulvestrant and everolimus in patients with metastatic estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer after aromatase inhibitor (AI) failure. Breast Cancer Res
    • [9] Massarweh, S.; Romond, E.; Black, E.P.; Van Meter, E.; Shelton B.; Kadamyan-Melkumian, V.; Stevens, M.; Elledge, R. A phase II study of combined fulvestrant and everolimus in patients with metastatic estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer after aromatase inhibitor (AI) failure. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 2014, 143(2), 325-332.
    • (2014) Treat , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 325-332
    • Massarweh, S.1    Romond, E.2    Black, E.P.3    Van Meter, E.4    Shelton, B.5    Kadamyan-Melkumian, V.6    Stevens, M.7
  • 12
    • 84904724740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stand up to cancer phase Ib study of pan-phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor buparlisib with letrozole in estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer
    • [12] Mayer, I.A.; Abramson, V.G.; Isakoff, S.J.; Forero, A.; Balko, J.M.; Kuba, M.G.; Sanders, M.E.; Yap, J.T.; Van den Abbeele, A.D.; Li Y.; Cantley, L.C.; Winer, E.; Arteaga, C.L. Stand up to cancer phase Ib study of pan-phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor buparlisib with letrozole in estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 2014, 32(12), 1202-9.
    • (2014) J. Clin. Oncol , vol.32 , Issue.12 , pp. 1202-1209
    • Mayer, I.A.1    Abramson, V.G.2    Isakoff, S.J.3    Forero, A.4    Balko, J.M.5    Kuba, M.G.6    Sanders, M.E.7    Yap, J.T.8    Van Den Abbeele, A.D.9    Li, Y.10    Cantley, L.C.11    Winer, E.12    Arteaga, C.L.13
  • 13
    • 84865562515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of the oral phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and mTOR inhibitor BGT226 in patients with advanced solid tumors
    • [13] Markman, B.; Tabernero, J.; Krop, I.; Shapiro, G.I.; Siu, L.; Mita, M.; Melendez, C.M.; Stutvoet, S.; Birle, D.; Anak, O.; Hackl, W.; Baselga, J. Phase I safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of the oral phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and mTOR inhibitor BGT226 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann. Oncol., 2012, 23(9), 2399-408.
    • (2012) Ann. Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.9 , pp. 2399-2408
    • Markman, B.1    Tabernero, J.2    Krop, I.3    Shapiro, G.I.4    Siu, L.5    Mita, M.6    Melendez, C.M.7    Stutvoet, S.8    Birle, D.9    Anak, O.10    Hackl, W.11    Baselga, J.12    Phase, I.13
  • 15
    • 80052170422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killing the second messenger: Targeting loss of cell cycle control in endocrine-resistant breast cancer
    • [15] Lange, C.A.; Yee, D. Killing the second messenger: targeting loss of cell cycle control in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Endocr. Relat. Cancer, 2011, 18(4), C19-24.
    • (2011) Endocr. Relat. Cancer , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 19-24
    • Lange, C.A.1    Yee, D.2
  • 16
    • 0038688478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progesterone receptor status significantly improves outcome prediction over estrogen receptor status alone for adjuvant endocrine therapy in two large breast cancer databases
    • [16] Bardou, V.J.; Arpino, G.; Elledge R.M.; Osborne, C.K.; Clark, G.M. Progesterone receptor status significantly improves outcome prediction over estrogen receptor status alone for adjuvant endocrine therapy in two large breast cancer databases. J. Clin Oncol., 2003, 21(10), 1973-9.
    • (2003) J. Clin Oncol , vol.21 , Issue.10 , pp. 1973-1979
    • Bardou, V.J.1    Arpino, G.2    Elledge, R.M.3    Osborne, C.K.4    Clark, G.M.5
  • 17
    • 0019193306 scopus 로고
    • In vitro inactivation of estrogen receptor by nuclei: Prevention by phosphatase inhibitors
    • [17] Auricchio, F.; Migliaccio, A. In vitro inactivation of estrogen receptor by nuclei: prevention by phosphatase inhibitors. FEBS Lett., 1980, 117(1), 224-226.
    • (1980) FEBS Lett , vol.117 , Issue.1 , pp. 224-226
    • Auricchio, F.1    Migliaccio, A.2
  • 18
    • 0028283503 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Annu
    • [18] Tsai, M.J.; O'Malley, B.W. Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 1994, 63, 451-486.
    • (1994) Rev. Biochem , vol.63 , pp. 451-486
    • Tsai, M.J.1    O'malley, B.W.2
  • 19
    • 79251518293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of estrogen receptor phosphorylation. Endocr. Relat
    • [19] Murphy, L.C.; Seekallu, S.V.; Watson, P.H. Clinical significance of estrogen receptor phosphorylation. Endocr. Relat. Cancer, 2011, 18(1), R1-14.
    • (2011) Cancer , vol.18 , Issue.1
    • Murphy, L.C.1    Seekallu, S.V.2    Watson, P.H.3
  • 20
    • 10844286471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of estrogen receptor alpha blocks its acetylation and regulates estrogen sensitivity
    • [20] Cui, Y.; Zhang, M.; Pestell, R.; Curran, E.M.; Welshons, W.V.; Fuqua, S.A. Phosphorylation of estrogen receptor alpha blocks its acetylation and regulates estrogen sensitivity. Cancer Res., 2004, 64(24), 9199-9208.
    • (2004) Cancer Res , vol.64 , Issue.24 , pp. 9199-9208
    • Cui, Y.1    Zhang, M.2    Pestell, R.3    Curran, E.M.4    Welshons, W.V.5    Fuqua, S.A.6
  • 21
    • 34247596339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligand binding to the androgen receptor induces conformational changes that regulate phosphatase interactions. Mol
    • [21] Yang, C.S.; Xin, H.W.; Kelley, J.B.; Spencer, A.; Brautigan, D.L.; Paschal, B.M. Ligand binding to the androgen receptor induces conformational changes that regulate phosphatase interactions. Mol. Cell Biol., 2007, 27(9), 3390-3404.
    • (2007) Cell Biol , vol.27 , Issue.9 , pp. 3390-3404
    • Yang, C.S.1    Xin, H.W.2    Kelley, J.B.3    Spencer, A.4    Brautigan, D.L.5    Paschal, B.M.6
  • 22
    • 80755127903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway: Role in tumor progression and therapeutic implications in breast cancer
    • [22] Miller, T.W.; Rexer, B.N.; Garrett, J.T.; Arteaga, C.L. Mutations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway: role in tumor progression and therapeutic implications in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res., 2011, 13(6), 224.
    • (2011) Breast Cancer Res , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 224
    • Miller, T.W.1    Rexer, B.N.2    Garrett, J.T.3    Arteaga, C.L.4
  • 23
    • 84866898723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counteracting autophagy overcomes resistance to everolimus in mantle cell lymphoma. Clin
    • [23] Rosich, L.; Xargay-Torrent, S; López-Guerra, M; Campo, E; Colomer, D; Roué, G. Counteracting autophagy overcomes resistance to everolimus in mantle cell lymphoma. Clin. Cancer Res., 2012, 18(19), 5278-5289.
    • (2012) Cancer Res , vol.18 , Issue.19 , pp. 5278-5289
    • Rosich, L.1    Xargay-Torrent, S.2    López-Guerra, M.3    Campo, E.4    Colomer, D.5    Roué, G.6
  • 24
    • 27744534653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling: An emerging paradigm for targeted cancer therapy
    • [24] Chen, Y.L.; Law, P.Y.; Loh, H.H. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling: an emerging paradigm for targeted cancer therapy. Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents, 2005, 5(6), 575-589.
    • (2005) Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 575-589
    • Chen, Y.L.1    Law, P.Y.2    Loh, H.H.3
  • 26
    • 0032577699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
    • [26] Maehama, T.; Dixon, J.E. The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273(22), 13375-13378.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem , vol.273 , Issue.22 , pp. 13375-13378
    • Maehama, T.1    Dixon, J.E.2
  • 28
    • 13944284494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic mutations of PIK3CA in human cancers
    • [28] Samuels, Y.; Velculescu, V.E. Oncogenic mutations of PIK3CA in human cancers. Cell Cycle, 2004, 3(10), 1221-1224.
    • (2004) Cell Cycle , vol.3 , Issue.10 , pp. 1221-1224
    • Samuels, Y.1    Velculescu, V.E.2
  • 29
    • 27844553839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AKT crystal structure and AKT-specific inhibitors
    • [29] Kumar, C.C.; Madison, V. AKT crystal structure and AKT-specific inhibitors. Oncogene, 2005, 24(50), 7493-7501.
    • (2005) Oncogene , vol.24 , Issue.50 , pp. 7493-7501
    • Kumar, C.C.1    Madison, V.2
  • 30
    • 51849128358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K in oncogenic cellular transformation
    • [30] Zhao, L.; Vogt, P.K. Class I PI3K in oncogenic cellular transformation. Oncogene, 2008, 27(41), 5486-5496.
    • (2008) Oncogene , vol.27 , Issue.41 , pp. 5486-5496
    • Zhao, L.1    Vogt, P.K.2    Class, I.3
  • 31
    • 0034193568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein-protein interactions define specificity in signal transduction
    • [31] Pawson, T.; Nash, P. Protein-protein interactions define specificity in signal transduction. Genes Dev., 2000, 14(9), 1027-1047.
    • (2000) Genes Dev , vol.14 , Issue.9 , pp. 1027-1047
    • Pawson, T.1    Nash, P.2
  • 32
    • 0035949699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plays a central role in tumorigenesis
    • [32] Testa, J.R.; Bellacosa, A. AKT plays a central role in tumorigenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2001, 98(20), 10983-10985.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , Issue.20 , pp. 10983-10985
    • Testa, J.R.1    Bellacosa, A.2
  • 34
    • 2342618936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple roles of the PI3K/PKB (Akt) pathway in cell cycle progression
    • [34] Liang, J.; Slingerland, J.M. Multiple roles of the PI3K/PKB (Akt) pathway in cell cycle progression. Cell Cycle, 2003, 2(4), 339-345.
    • (2003) Cell Cycle , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 339-345
    • Liang, J.1    Slingerland, J.M.2
  • 35
    • 4043171462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upstream and downstream of mTOR
    • [35] Hay, N.; Sonenberg, N. Upstream and downstream of mTOR. Genes Dev., 2004, 18(16), 1926-1245.
    • (2004) Genes Dev , vol.18 , Issue.16 , pp. 1926-2245
    • Hay, N.1    Sonenberg, N.2
  • 37
    • 67749122122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting PI3K signalling in cancer: Opportunities, challenges and limitations
    • [37] Engelman, J.A. Targeting PI3K signalling in cancer: Opportunities, challenges and limitations. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2009, 9(8), 550-562.
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp. 550-562
    • Engelman, J.A.1
  • 39
    • 0034463918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1
    • [39] Haruta, T.; Uno, T; Kawahara, J.; Takano, A.; Egawa, K.; Sharma, P.M.; Olefsky, J.M.; Kobayashi, M. A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol. Endocrinol., 2000,14(6), 783-94.
    • (2000) Mol. Endocrinol , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 783-794
    • Haruta, T.1    Uno, T.2    Kawahara, J.3    Takano, A.4    Egawa, K.5    Sharma, P.M.6    Olefsky, J.M.7    Kobayashi, M.8
  • 40
    • 4544343980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inappropriate activation of the TSC/Rheb/mTOR/S6K cassette induces IRS1/2 depletion, insulin resistance, and cell survival deficiencies
    • [40] Shah, O.J.; Wang, Z.; Hunter, T. Inappropriate activation of the TSC/Rheb/mTOR/S6K cassette induces IRS1/2 depletion, insulin resistance, and cell survival deficiencies. Curr. Biol., 2004, 14(18), 1650-1656.
    • (2004) Curr. Biol , vol.14 , Issue.18 , pp. 1650-1656
    • Shah, O.J.1    Wang, Z.2    Hunter, T.3
  • 41
    • 84878389598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated SGK1 predicts resistance of breast cancer cells to Akt inhibitors
    • [41] Sommer, E.M.; Dry, H.; Cross, D.; Guichard, S.; Davies, B.R.; Alessi, D.R. Elevated SGK1 predicts resistance of breast cancer cells to Akt inhibitors. Biochem. J., 2013, 452(3), 499-508.
    • (2013) Biochem. J , vol.452 , Issue.3 , pp. 499-508
    • Sommer, E.M.1    Dry, H.2    Cross, D.3    Guichard, S.4    Davies, B.R.5    Alessi, D.R.6
  • 44
    • 84903767319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nimbolide inhibits IGF-I-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signalling in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDAMB- 231). Cell Biochem
    • [44] Elumalai, P.; Arunkumar, R.; Benson, C.S.; Sharmila, G.; Arunakaran, J. Nimbolide inhibits IGF-I-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signalling in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDAMB- 231). Cell Biochem. Funct., 2014, 32(5), 476-484.
    • (2014) Funct , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 476-484
    • Elumalai, P.1    Arunkumar, R.2    Benson, C.S.3    Sharmila, G.4    Arunakaran, J.5
  • 45
    • 69549105897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological impact of the serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1
    • [45] Lang, F.; Artunc, F.; Vallon, V. The physiological impact of the serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens., 2009, 18(5), 439-448.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 439-448
    • Lang, F.1    Artunc, F.2    Vallon, V.3
  • 47
    • 0021134562 scopus 로고
    • Functional role for c-myc in mitogenic response to platelet-derived growth factor
    • [47] Armelin, H.A.; Armelin, M.C.; Kelly, K.; Stewart, T.; Leder, P.; Cochran, B.H.; Stiles, C.D. Functional role for c-myc in mitogenic response to platelet-derived growth factor. Nature, 1984, 310(5979), 655-660.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.310 , Issue.5979 , pp. 655-660
    • Armelin, H.A.1    Armelin, M.C.2    Kelly, K.3    Stewart, T.4    Leder, P.5    Cochran, B.H.6    Stiles, C.D.7
  • 48
    • 0021041054 scopus 로고
    • Cell-specific regulation of the c-myc gene by lymphocyte mitogens and plateletderived growth factor
    • [48] Kelly, K.; Cochran, B.H.; Stiles, C.D.; Leder, P. Cell-specific regulation of the c-myc gene by lymphocyte mitogens and plateletderived growth factor. Cell, 1983, 35(3 Pt 2), 603-610.
    • (1983) Cell , vol.35 , Issue.32 , pp. 603-610
    • Kelly, K.1    Cochran, B.H.2    Stiles, C.D.3    Leder, P.4
  • 49
    • 55249122940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MYC in breast tumor progression
    • [49] Chen, Y.; Olopade, O.I. MYC in breast tumor progression. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther., 2008, 8(10), 1689-1698.
    • (2008) Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther , vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp. 1689-1698
    • Chen, Y.1    Olopade, O.I.2
  • 50
    • 44349134920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways regulates Myc-mediated transcription by phosphorylating and promoting the degradation of Mad1
    • [50] Zhu, J.; Blenis, J.; Yuan, J. Activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways regulates Myc-mediated transcription by phosphorylating and promoting the degradation of Mad1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105(18), 6584-6589.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.105 , Issue.18 , pp. 6584-6589
    • Zhu, J.1    Blenis, J.2    Yuan, J.3
  • 51
    • 1442310493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of specific PP2A complexes involved in human cell transformation
    • [51] Chen, W.; Possemato, R.; Campbell, K.T.; Plattner, C.A.; Pallas, D.C.; Hahn, W.C. Identification of specific PP2A complexes involved in human cell transformation. Cancer Cell, 2004, 5(2), 127-136.
    • (2004) Cancer Cell , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-136
    • Chen, W.1    Possemato, R.2    Campbell, K.T.3    Plattner, C.A.4    Pallas, D.C.5    Hahn, W.C.6
  • 53
    • 0344784889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human mammary epithelial cell transformation through the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase
    • [53] Zhao, J.J.; Gjoerup, O.V.; Subramanian, R.R.; Cheng, Y.; Chen, W.; Roberts, T.M.; Hahn, W.C. Human mammary epithelial cell transformation through the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase. Cancer Cell, 2003, 3(5), 483-495.
    • (2003) Cancer Cell , vol.3 , Issue.5 , pp. 483-495
    • Zhao, J.J.1    Gjoerup, O.V.2    Subramanian, R.R.3    Cheng, Y.4    Chen, W.5    Roberts, T.M.6    Hahn, W.C.7
  • 54
    • 78249287240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B55β-associated PP2A complex controls PDK1-directed myc signaling and modulates rapamycin sensitivity in colorectal cancer
    • [54] Tan J.; Lee P.L.; Li Z.; Jiang X.; Lim Y.C.; Hooi S.C.; Yu Q. B55β-associated PP2A complex controls PDK1-directed myc signaling and modulates rapamycin sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell, 2010, 18(5), 459-71.
    • (2010) Cancer Cell , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 459-471
    • Tan, J.1    Lee, P.L.2    Li, Z.3    Jiang, X.4    Lim, Y.C.5    Hooi, S.C.6    Yu, Q.7
  • 55
    • 80053070033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K-targeted therapy can be evaded by gene amplification along the MYCeukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF4E) axis
    • [55] Ilic, N; Utermark, T.; Widlund, H.R.; Roberts, T.M. PI3K-targeted therapy can be evaded by gene amplification along the MYCeukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) axis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2011, 108(37), E699-708.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.108 , Issue.37 , pp. 699-708
    • Ilic, N.1    Utermark, T.2    Widlund, H.R.3    Roberts, T.M.4
  • 56
    • 0029772318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Box in the promoter of the gene encoding the Mrna cap-binding protein (Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) is a target for activation by c-myc. Mol
    • [56] Jones, R.M.; Branda, J.; Johnston, K.A.; Polymenis, M.; Gadd, M.; Rustgi, A.; Callanan, L.; Schmidt, E.V. An essential E box in the promoter of the gene encoding the Mrna cap-binding protein (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) is a target for activation by c-myc. Mol. Cell Biol., 1996, 16(9), 4754-4764.
    • (1996) Cell Biol , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 4754-4764
    • Jones, R.M.1    Branda, J.2    Johnston, K.A.3    Polymenis, M.4    Gadd, M.5    Rustgi, A.6    Callanan, L.7    Schmidt, E.V.8    An Essential, E.9
  • 57
    • 0027289462 scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF-4E and eIF-2 alpha in response to growth induction by c-myc
    • [57] Rosenwald, I.B.; Rhoads, D.B.; Callanan, L.D.; Isselbacher, K.J.; Schmidt, E.V. Increased expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF-4E and eIF-2 alpha in response to growth induction by c-myc. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1993, 90(13), 6175-6178.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , Issue.13 , pp. 6175-6178
    • Rosenwald, I.B.1    Rhoads, D.B.2    Callanan, L.D.3    Isselbacher, K.J.4    Schmidt, E.V.5
  • 58
    • 84859171807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MYC on the path to cancer
    • [58] Dang, C.V. MYC on the path to cancer. Cell, 2012, 149(1), 22-35.
    • (2012) Cell , vol.149 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-35
    • Dang, C.V.1
  • 59
    • 78649464206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy is a therapeutic target in anticancer drug resistance
    • [59] Chen, S.; Rehman, S.K.; Zhang, W.; Wen, A.; Yao, L.; Zhang, J. Autophagy is a therapeutic target in anticancer drug resistance. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2010, 1806(2), 220-229.
    • (2010) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1806 , Issue.2 , pp. 220-229
    • Chen, S.1    Rehman, S.K.2    Zhang, W.3    Wen, A.4    Yao, L.5    Zhang, J.6
  • 60
    • 69349094578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role and regulation of autophagy in cancer
    • [60] Chen, N.; Karantza-Wadsworth, V. Role and regulation of autophagy in cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2009, 1793(9), 1516-1523.
    • (2009) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1793 , Issue.9 , pp. 1516-1523
    • Chen, N.1    Karantza-Wadsworth, V.2
  • 61
    • 77953506788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ER stress negatively regulates AKT/TSC/mTOR pathway to enhance autophagy
    • [61] Qin, L.; Wang, Z.; Tao, L.; Wang, Y. ER stress negatively regulates AKT/TSC/mTOR pathway to enhance autophagy. Autophagy, 2010, 6(2), 239-247.
    • (2010) Autophagy , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-247
    • Qin, L.1    Wang, Z.2    Tao, L.3    Wang, Y.4
  • 63
    • 57549101230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-molecule inhibitors of PDK1
    • [63] Peifer, C.; Alessi, D.R. Small-molecule inhibitors of PDK1. Chem. Med. Chem., 2008, 3(12), 1810-1838.
    • (2008) Chem. Med. Chem , vol.3 , Issue.12 , pp. 1810-1838
    • Peifer, C.1    Alessi, D.R.2
  • 64
    • 0035953308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFNgamma and lymphocytes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immunogenicity
    • [64] Shankaran, V.; Ikeda, H.; Bruce, A.T.; White, J.M.; Swanson, P.E.; Old, L.J.; Schreiber, R.D. IFNgamma and lymphocytes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immunogenicity. Nature, 2001, 410(6832), 1107-1111.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , Issue.6832 , pp. 1107-1111
    • Shankaran, V.1    Ikeda, H.2    Bruce, A.T.3    White, J.M.4    Swanson, P.E.5    Old, L.J.6    Schreiber, R.D.7
  • 65
    • 0042470540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the immune system see tumors as foreign or self? Annu
    • [65] Pardoll, D. Does the immune system see tumors as foreign or self? Annu. Rev. Immunol., 2003, 21, 807-839.
    • (2003) Rev. Immunol , vol.21 , pp. 807-839
    • Pardoll, D.1
  • 66
    • 33646755569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting: The roles of immunity in suppressing tumor development and shaping tumor immunogenicity
    • [66] Smyth, M.J.; Dunn, G.P.; Schreiber, R.D. Cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting: The roles of immunity in suppressing tumor development and shaping tumor immunogenicity. Adv. Immunol., 2006, 90, 1-50.
    • (2006) Adv. Immunol , vol.90 , pp. 1-50
    • Smyth, M.J.1    Dunn, G.P.2    Schreiber, R.D.3
  • 68
    • 0036852241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer immunoediting: From immunosurveillance to tumor escape
    • [68] Dunn, G.P.; Bruce, A.T.; Ikeda, H.; Old, L.J.; Schreiber, R.D. Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape. Nat. Immunol., 2002, 3(11), 991-998.
    • (2002) Nat. Immunol , vol.3 , Issue.11 , pp. 991-998
    • Dunn, G.P.1    Bruce, A.T.2    Ikeda, H.3    Old, L.J.4    Schreiber, R.D.5
  • 69
    • 4143141823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunobiology of cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting
    • [69] Dunn, G.P.; Old, L.J.; Schreiber, R.D. The immunobiology of cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. Immunity, 2004, 21(2), 137-148.
    • (2004) Immunity , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-148
    • Dunn, G.P.1    Old, L.J.2    Schreiber, R.D.3
  • 70
    • 2542430341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The three Es of cancer immunoediting. Annu
    • [70] Dunn, G.P.; Old, L.J.; Schreiber, R.D. The three Es of cancer immunoediting. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 2004, 22, 329-360.
    • (2004) Rev. Immunol , vol.22 , pp. 329-360
    • Dunn, G.P.1    Old, L.J.2    Schreiber, R.D.3
  • 71
    • 66149134453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune manipulation of advanced breast cancer: An interpretative model of the relationship between immune system and tumor cell biology
    • [71] Nicolini, A.; Carpi, A. Immune manipulation of advanced breast cancer: an interpretative model of the relationship between immune system and tumor cell biology. Med. Res. Rev., 2009, 29(3), 436-471.
    • (2009) Med. Res. Rev , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 436-471
    • Nicolini, A.1    Carpi, A.2
  • 72
    • 74849121785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in the management of high risk or advanced breast cancer: An update and expectation
    • [72] Carpi, A.; Nicolini, A.; Antonelli, A.; Ferrari, P.; Rossi, G. Cytokines in the management of high risk or advanced breast cancer: an update and expectation. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 2009, 9(8), 888-903.
    • (2009) Curr. Cancer Drug Targets , vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp. 888-903
    • Carpi, A.1    Nicolini, A.2    Antonelli, A.3    Ferrari, P.4    Rossi, G.5
  • 74
    • 34548162341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic cross-talk between tumor and immune cells in orchestrating the immunosuppressive network at the tumor microenvironment
    • [74] Croci, D.O.; Zacarías, Fluck M.F.; Rico, M.J.; Matar, P.; Rabinovich, G.A.; Scharovsky, O.G. Dynamic cross-talk between tumor and immune cells in orchestrating the immunosuppressive network at the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 2007, 56(11), 1687-700.
    • (2007) Cancer Immunol. Immunother , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 1687-1700
    • Croci, D.O.1    Zacarías, F.M.2    Rico, M.J.3    Matar, P.4    Rabinovich, G.A.5    Scharovsky, O.G.6
  • 76
    • 67749114265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CYP2D6 and tamoxifen: DNA matters in breast cancer
    • [76] Hoskins, J.M.; Carey, L.A.; McLeod, H.L. CYP2D6 and tamoxifen: DNA matters in breast cancer. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2009, 9(8), 576-586.
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp. 576-586
    • Hoskins, J.M.1    Carey, L.A.2    McLeod, H.L.3
  • 77
    • 84884712906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology and therapeutic potential of PI3K signaling in ER+/HER2-negative breast cancer
    • [77] Fu X.; Osborne C.K.; Schiff R. Biology and therapeutic potential of PI3K signaling in ER+/HER2-negative breast cancer. Breast, 2013, 22(Suppl 2), S12-18.
    • (2013) Breast , vol.22 , pp. 12-18
    • Fu, X.1    Osborne, C.K.2    Schiff, R.3
  • 78
    • 84898703037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Everolimus: Side effect profile and management of toxicities in breast cancer
    • [78] Paplomata, E.; Zelnak, A.; O'Regan, R. Everolimus: side effect profile and management of toxicities in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013, 140(3), 453-462.
    • (2013) Breast Cancer Res Treat , vol.140 , Issue.3 , pp. 453-462
    • Paplomata, E.1    Zelnak, A.2    O'regan, R.3
  • 80
    • 84925529257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cancer immunotherapy with antibodies to the PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway
    • [80] Ohaegbulam, K.C.; Assal, A.; Lazar-Molnar, E.; Yao, Y.; Zang, X. Human cancer immunotherapy with antibodies to the PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway. Trends Mol. Med., 2015, 21(1), 24-33.
    • (2015) Trends Mol. Med , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-33
    • Ohaegbulam, K.C.1    Assal, A.2    Lazar-Molnar, E.3    Yao, Y.4    Zang, X.5
  • 82
    • 0023617408 scopus 로고
    • Antiestrogens inhibit the mitogenic effect of growth factors on breast cancer cells in the total absence of estrogens. Biochem. Biophys. Res
    • [82] Vignon, F.; Bouton, M.M.; Rochefort, H. Antiestrogens inhibit the mitogenic effect of growth factors on breast cancer cells in the total absence of estrogens. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1987, 146(3), 1502-1508.
    • (1987) Commun , vol.146 , Issue.3 , pp. 1502-1508
    • Vignon, F.1    Bouton, M.M.2    Rochefort, H.3
  • 84
    • 17844378586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-interferon and interleukin-2 prolong more than three times the survival of 26 consecutive endocrine dependent breast cancer patients with distant metastases: An exploratory trial
    • [84] Nicolini, A.; Carpi, A. Beta-interferon and interleukin-2 prolong more than three times the survival of 26 consecutive endocrine dependent breast cancer patients with distant metastases: an exploratory trial. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2005, 59(5), 253-263.
    • (2005) Biomed. Pharmacother , vol.59 , Issue.5 , pp. 253-263
    • Nicolini, A.1    Carpi, A.2
  • 85
    • 34247626802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of cellular immunity, cytokines and CRP with clinical course in breast cancer patients with endocrine-dependent distant metastases treated with immunotherapy
    • [85] Nicolini, A.; Carpi, A.; Rossi, G. Relationship of cellular immunity, cytokines and CRP with clinical course in breast cancer patients with endocrine-dependent distant metastases treated with immunotherapy. Cancer Lett., 2007, 251(2), 330-338.
    • (2007) Cancer Lett , vol.251 , Issue.2 , pp. 330-338
    • Nicolini, A.1    Carpi, A.2    Rossi, G.3
  • 86
    • 84897087595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and laboratory patterns during immune stimulation in hormone responsive metastatic breast cancer
    • [86] Nicolini, A.; Rossi, G.; Ferrari, P.; Carpi, A. Clinical and laboratory patterns during immune stimulation in hormone responsive metastatic breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother., 2014, 68(2), 171-178.
    • (2014) Biomed Pharmacother , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-178
    • Nicolini, A.1    Rossi, G.2    Ferrari, P.3    Carpi, A.4
  • 87
    • 0031930136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimal residual disease in metastatic breast cancer: Treatment with IFN-beta, retinoids, and tamoxifen
    • [87] Recchia, F.; Frati, L.; Rea, S.; Torchio, P.; Sica, G. Minimal residual disease in metastatic breast cancer: treatment with IFN-beta, retinoids, and tamoxifen. J. Interferon. Cytokine Res., 1998, 18(1), 41-47.
    • (1998) J. Interferon. Cytokine Res , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Recchia, F.1    Frati, L.2    Rea, S.3    Torchio, P.4    Sica, G.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.