메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 467-505

The hypothesis that the genetic code originated in coupled synthesis of proteins and the evolutionary predecessors of nucleic acids in primitive cells

Author keywords

Coupled protein nucleic acid synthesis; Origin genetic code; Primitive cell

Indexed keywords


EID: 84922785133     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20751729     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/life5010467     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (181)
  • 1
    • 84883557253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The “strong” RNA world hypothesis: Fifty years old
    • Neveu, M.; Kim, H.-J.; Benner, S.A. The “strong” RNA world hypothesis: Fifty years old.Astrobiology 2013, 13, 391–403.
    • (2013) Astrobiology , vol.13 , pp. 391-403
    • Neveu, M.1    Kim, H.-J.2    Benner, S.A.3
  • 2
    • 0037062978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiquity of RNA-based evolution
    • Joyce, G.F. The antiquity of RNA-based evolution. Nature 2002, 418, 214–221
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 214-221
    • Joyce, G.F.1
  • 3
    • 77957193832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RNA dreamtime
    • Kurland, C.G. The RNA dreamtime. Bioessays 2010, 32, 866–871.
    • (2010) Bioessays , vol.32 , pp. 866-871
    • Kurland, C.G.1
  • 4
    • 84868685850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RNA world hypothesis: The worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others)
    • Bernhardt, H.S. The RNA world hypothesis: The worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others). Biol. Direct 2012, 7, doi:10.1186/1745-6150-7-23.
    • (2012) Biol. Direct , vol.7
    • Bernhardt, H.S.1
  • 5
    • 80054746223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alternative to the RNA world hypothesis
    • e2
    • Francis, B.R. An alternative to the RNA world hypothesis. Trends Evol. Biol. 2011, 3, doi:10.4081/eb.2011.e2.
    • (2011) Trends Evol. Biol , vol.3
    • Francis, B.R.1
  • 6
    • 84884171822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminoacylating urzymes challenge the RNA world hypothesis
    • Li, L.; Francklyn, C.; Carter, C.W. Aminoacylating urzymes challenge the RNA world hypothesis. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288, 26856–26863.
    • (2013) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.288 , pp. 26856-26863
    • Li, L.1    Francklyn, C.2    Carter, C.W.3
  • 7
    • 84876783818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The coevolutionary roots of biochemistry and cellular organization challenge the RNA world paradigm
    • Caetano-Anollés, G.; Seufferheld, M.J. The coevolutionary roots of biochemistry and cellular organization challenge the RNA world paradigm. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2013, 23, 152–177
    • (2013) J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. , vol.23 , pp. 152-177
    • Caetano-Anollés, G.1    Seufferheld, M.J.2
  • 8
    • 0033917199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hypothesis that ribosomal protein synthesis evolved from coupled protein and nucleic acid synthesis
    • Francis, B.R. A hypothesis that ribosomal protein synthesis evolved from coupled protein and nucleic acid synthesis. Chemtracts Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2000, 13, 153–191.
    • (2000) Chemtracts Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 153-191
    • Francis, B.R.1
  • 9
    • 0015209453 scopus 로고
    • Attempts to map a process evolution of peptide biosynthesis
    • Lipmann, F. Attempts to map a process evolution of peptide biosynthesis. Science 1971, 173, 875–885.
    • (1971) Science , vol.173 , pp. 875-885
    • Lipmann, F.1
  • 10
    • 0025023531 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the first metabolic cycles
    • Wächtershäuser, G. Evolution of the first metabolic cycles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1990, 87, 200–204.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 200-204
    • Wächtershäuser, G.1
  • 12
    • 4444252543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universality in intermediary metabolism
    • Smith, E.; Morowitz, H.J. Universality in intermediary metabolism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004, 101, 13168–13173.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 13168-13173
    • Smith, E.1    Morowitz, H.J.2
  • 13
    • 3242755111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rocky roots of the acetyl-CoA pathway
    • Russell, M.J.; Martin, W. The rocky roots of the acetyl-CoA pathway. Trends Biochem. Sci. 2004, 29, 358–363.
    • (2004) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 358-363
    • Russell, M.J.1    Martin, W.2
  • 14
    • 77955287882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineral surfaces, geochemical complexities, and the origins of life
    • Hazen, R.; Sverjensky, D.A. Mineral surfaces, geochemical complexities, and the origins of life. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2010, 2, doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a002162.
    • (2010) Perspect. Biol , vol.2
    • Hazen, R.1    Sverjensky, D.A.2
  • 18
    • 0021119225 scopus 로고
    • Nonenzymatic formation of “energy rich” lactoyl and glyceroyl thioesters from glyceraldehyde and a thiol
    • Weber, A.L. Nonenzymatic formation of “energy rich” lactoyl and glyceroyl thioesters from glyceraldehyde and a thiol. J. Mol. Evol. 1984, 20, 157–166.
    • (1984) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.20 , pp. 157-166
    • Weber, A.L.1
  • 19
    • 0032104301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic amino acid thioester synthesis: Thiol-dependent amino acid synthesis from formose substrates (formaldehyde and glycoaldehyde) and ammonia
    • Weber, A.L. Prebiotic amino acid thioester synthesis: Thiol-dependent amino acid synthesis from formose substrates (formaldehyde and glycoaldehyde) and ammonia. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 1998, 28, 259–270.
    • (1998) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.28 , pp. 259-270
    • Weber, A.L.1
  • 21
    • 0026444704 scopus 로고
    • The iron-sulphur world
    • Groundworks for an evolutionary biology
    • Wächtershäuser, G. Groundworks for an evolutionary biology: The iron-sulphur world. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 1992, 58, 85–201.
    • (1992) Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. , vol.58 , pp. 85-201
    • Wächtershäuser, G.1
  • 22
    • 0030478259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic sulfur compounds resulting from the interaction of iron sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in an anaerobic environment
    • Heinen, W.; Lauwers, A.-M. Organic sulfur compounds resulting from the interaction of iron sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in an anaerobic environment. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 1996, 26, 131–150.
    • (1996) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.26 , pp. 131-150
    • Heinen, W.1    Lauwers, A.-M.2
  • 25
    • 84903952051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins of cellular life
    • Koonin, E.V. The origins of cellular life. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014, 106, 27–41.
    • (2014) Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek , vol.106 , pp. 27-41
    • Koonin, E.V.1
  • 26
    • 0013513113 scopus 로고
    • Thiolo, thiono, and dithio acids and esters
    • Patai, S., Ed.; Interscience: London, UK
    • Janssen, M.J. Thiolo, thiono, and dithio acids and esters. In The Chemistry of Carboxylic Acids and Esters; Patai, S., Ed.; Interscience: London, UK, 1969; pp. 705–764.
    • (1969) The Chemistry of Carboxylic Acids and Esters , pp. 705-764
    • Janssen, M.J.1
  • 27
    • 0007564114 scopus 로고
    • Synthese von oligopeptiden unter zellmoglichen bedingungen
    • Wieland, T.; Schäfer, W. Synthese von oligopeptiden unter zellmoglichen bedingungen. Angew. Chem. 1951, 63, 146–147.
    • (1951) Angew. Chem. , vol.63 , pp. 146-147
    • Wieland, T.1    Schäfer, W.2
  • 28
    • 0343016006 scopus 로고
    • Pfleiderer, G. Activation of amino acids
    • Wieland, T.; Pfleiderer, G. Activation of amino acids. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Subj. Biochem. 1957, 19, 235–266.
    • (1957) Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Subj. Biochem. , vol.19 , pp. 235-266
    • Wieland, T.1
  • 29
    • 0033817945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligomerization of α-thioglutamic acid
    • Maurel, M.C.; Orgel, L.E. Oligomerization of α-thioglutamic acid. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2000, 30, 423–430.
    • (2000) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.30 , pp. 423-430
    • Maurel, M.C.1    Orgel, L.E.2
  • 30
    • 36448960874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligomerization of thioglutamic acid: Encapsulated reactions and lipid catalysis
    • Zepik, H.H.; Rajamani, S.; Maurel, M.C.; Deamer, D. Oligomerization of thioglutamic acid: Encapsulated reactions and lipid catalysis. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2007, 37, 495–505.
    • (2007) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.37 , pp. 495-505
    • Zepik, H.H.1    Rajamani, S.2    Maurel, M.C.3    Deamer, D.4
  • 31
    • 0023641351 scopus 로고
    • Oligoglyceric acid synthesis by autocondensation of glyceroyl thioester
    • Weber, A.L. Oligoglyceric acid synthesis by autocondensation of glyceroyl thioester. J. Mol. Evol. 1987, 25, 191–196.
    • (1987) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.25 , pp. 191-196
    • Weber, A.L.1
  • 32
    • 0015823869 scopus 로고
    • The role and regulation of energy reserve polymers in micro-organisms
    • Dawes, E.A.; Senior, P.J. The role and regulation of energy reserve polymers in micro-organisms. Adv. Microbiol. Physiol. 1973, 10, 135–266.
    • (1973) Adv. Microbiol. Physiol. , vol.10 , pp. 135-266
    • Dawes, E.A.1    Senior, P.J.2
  • 33
    • 0028786047 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of energetic metabolism: The respiration-early hypothesis
    • Castresana, J.; Saraste, M. Evolution of energetic metabolism: The respiration-early hypothesis. Trends Biochem. Sci. 1995, 20, 443–448.
    • (1995) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 443-448
    • Castresana, J.1    Saraste, M.2
  • 34
    • 35148861695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent
    • Martin, W.; Russell, M.J. On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 2007, 362, 1887–1925.
    • (2007) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. , vol.362 , pp. 1887-1925
    • Martin, W.1    Russell, M.J.2
  • 35
    • 84867191342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfur metabolism in archaea reveals novel processes
    • Liu, Y.; Beer, L.L.; Whitman, W.B. Sulfur metabolism in archaea reveals novel processes. Environ. Microbiol. 2012, 14, 2632–2644.
    • (2012) Environ. Microbiol. , vol.14 , pp. 2632-2644
    • Liu, Y.1    Beer, L.L.2    Whitman, W.B.3
  • 36
    • 0024959144 scopus 로고
    • Organic solids produced from simple C/H/O/N ices by charged particles: Applications to the outer solar system
    • Khare, B.N.; Thompson, W.R.; Chyba, C.F.; Arakawa, E.T.; Sagan, C. Organic solids produced from simple C/H/O/N ices by charged particles: Applications to the outer solar system. Adv. Space Res. 1989, 9, 41–53.
    • (1989) Adv. Space Res. , vol.9 , pp. 41-53
    • Khare, B.N.1    Thompson, W.R.2    Chyba, C.F.3    Arakawa, E.T.4    Sagan, C.5
  • 37
    • 0034714224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primordial carbonylated iron-sulfur compounds and the synthesis of pyruvate
    • Cody, G.D.; Boctor, N.Z.; Filley, T.R.; Hazen, R.M.; Scott, J.H.; Yoder, H.S., Jr. Primordial carbonylated iron-sulfur compounds and the synthesis of pyruvate. Science 2000, 289, 1337–1340.
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 1337-1340
    • Cody, G.D.1    Boctor, N.Z.2    Filley, T.R.3    Hazen, R.M.4    Scott, J.H.5    Yoder, H.S.6
  • 38
    • 84874862689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formaldehyde and methanol formation from reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on neutral Fe2S2 clusters in the gas phase
    • Yin, S.; Wang, Z.; Bernstein, E.R. Formaldehyde and methanol formation from reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on neutral Fe2S2 clusters in the gas phase. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 4699–4706.
    • (2013) Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , vol.15 , pp. 4699-4706
    • Yin, S.1    Wang, Z.2    Bernstein, E.R.3
  • 39
    • 80053227684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the early evolution of life?
    • Alternative pathways of carbon dioxide fixation
    • Fuchs, G. Alternative pathways of carbon dioxide fixation: Insights into the early evolution of life? Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 2011, 65, 631–658.
    • (2011) Ann. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.65 , pp. 631-658
    • Fuchs, G.1
  • 40
    • 17544364369 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical approaches to the reduction of carbon dioxide
    • Aresta, M., Forti, G., Eds.; D. Reidel Publishing Co.: Dordrecht, The Netherlands
    • O’Connell, C.; Hommeltoft, S.I.; Eisenberg, R. Electrochemical approaches to the reduction of carbon dioxide. In Carbon Dioxide as a Source of Carbon; Aresta, M., Forti, G., Eds.; D. Reidel Publishing Co.: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1987; pp. 33–54.
    • (1987) Carbon Dioxide as a Source of Carbon , pp. 33-54
    • O’Connell, C.1    Hommeltoft, S.I.2    Eisenberg, R.3
  • 41
    • 0000997699 scopus 로고
    • Electroreduction of carbon dioxide catalyzed by iron-sulfur cluster compounds [Fe4S4(SR)4]2−
    • Tezuka, M.; Yajima, T.; Tsuchiya, A.; Matsumoto, Y.; Uchida, Y.; Hidai, M. Electroreduction of carbon dioxide catalyzed by iron-sulfur cluster compounds [Fe4S4(SR)4]2−. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 6834–6836.
    • (1982) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.104 , pp. 6834-6836
    • Tezuka, M.1    Yajima, T.2    Tsuchiya, A.3    Matsumoto, Y.4    Uchida, Y.5    Hidai, M.6
  • 46
    • 0027790770 scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic ammonia from reduction of nitrite by iron(II) on the early Earth
    • Summers, D.P.; Chang, S. Prebiotic ammonia from reduction of nitrite by iron(II) on the early Earth. Nature 1993, 365, 630–633.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 630-633
    • Summers, D.P.1    Chang, S.2
  • 47
    • 26844461420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ammonia formation under acidic conditions
    • Ammonia formation by the reduction of nitrite/nitrate by FeS
    • Summers, D.P. Ammonia formation by the reduction of nitrite/nitrate by FeS: Ammonia formation under acidic conditions. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2005, 35, 299–312.
    • (2005) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.35 , pp. 299-312
    • Summers, D.P.1
  • 48
    • 84856868274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abiotic nitrogen fixation on terrestrial planets: Reduction of NO to ammonia by FeS
    • Summers, D.P.; Basa, R.C.; Khare, B.; Rodoni, D. Abiotic nitrogen fixation on terrestrial planets: Reduction of NO to ammonia by FeS. Astrobiology 2012, 12, 107–114.
    • (2012) Astrobiology , vol.12 , pp. 107-114
    • Summers, D.P.1    Basa, R.C.2    Khare, B.3    Rodoni, D.4
  • 49
    • 37049066149 scopus 로고
    • A scheme for colorimetric determination of microgram amounts of thiol
    • Saville, B. A scheme for colorimetric determination of microgram amounts of thiol. Analyst 1958, 83, 670–672.
    • (1958) Analyst , vol.83 , pp. 670-672
    • Saville, B.1
  • 51
    • 0026513112 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous production, exogenous delivery, and impact-shock synthesis of organic molecules: An inventory for the origin of life
    • Chyba, C.E.; Sagan, C. Endogenous production, exogenous delivery, and impact-shock synthesis of organic molecules: An inventory for the origin of life. Nature 1992, 355, 125–132.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 125-132
    • Chyba, C.E.1    Sagan, C.2
  • 52
    • 46449087871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins of life: How leaky were primitive cells
    • Deamer, D.W. Origins of life: How leaky were primitive cells. Nature 2008, 454, 37–38.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.454 , pp. 37-38
    • Deamer, D.W.1
  • 53
    • 63449115566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model protocells from single-chain lipids
    • Mansy, S.S. Model protocells from single-chain lipids. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 835–843.
    • (2009) Int. J. Mol. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 835-843
    • Mansy, S.S.1
  • 54
    • 77958180448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From self-assembled vesicles to protocells
    • Chen, I.A.; Walde, P. From self-assembled vesicles to protocells. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2010, 2, doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a002170.
    • (2010) Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol , vol.2
    • Chen, I.A.1    Walde, P.2
  • 55
    • 77957283679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The organic composition of carbonaceous meteorites: The evolutionary story ahead of biochemistry
    • Pizzarello, S.; Shock, E. The organic composition of carbonaceous meteorites: The evolutionary story ahead of biochemistry. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2010, 2, doi:10.1101/ cshperspect.a002105.
    • (2010) Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol , vol.2
    • Pizzarello, S.1    Shock, E.2
  • 56
    • 0023480322 scopus 로고
    • Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and carbon in interplanetary dust particles and meteorites
    • Allamandola, L.J.; Sandford, S.A.; Wpoenka, B. Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and carbon in interplanetary dust particles and meteorites. Science 1987, 237, 56–59.
    • (1987) Science , vol.237 , pp. 56-59
    • Allamandola, L.J.1    Sandford, S.A.2    Wpoenka, B.3
  • 61
    • 0002561029 scopus 로고
    • Tholins: Organic chemistry of interstellar grains and gas
    • Sagan, C.; Khare, B.N. Tholins: Organic chemistry of interstellar grains and gas. Nature 1979, 277, 102–107.
    • (1979) Nature , vol.277 , pp. 102-107
    • Sagan, C.1    Khare, B.N.2
  • 63
    • 0034978887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid organic matter in the atmosphere and on the surface of outer Solar System bodies
    • Khare, B.N.; Bakes, E.L.; Cruikshank, D.; McKay, C.P. Solid organic matter in the atmosphere and on the surface of outer Solar System bodies. Adv. Space Res. 2001, 27, 299–307.
    • (2001) Adv. Space Res. , vol.27 , pp. 299-307
    • Khare, B.N.1    Bakes, E.L.2    Cruikshank, D.3    McKay, C.P.4
  • 65
    • 70349583009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical dynamics of triacetylene formation and implications to the synthesis of polyynes in Titan’s atmosphere
    • Gu, X.; Kim, Y.S.; Kaiser, R.I.; Mebel, A.M.; Liang, M.C.; Yung, Y.L. Chemical dynamics of triacetylene formation and implications to the synthesis of polyynes in Titan’s atmosphere. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 16078–16083.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.106 , pp. 16078-16083
    • Gu, X.1    Kim, Y.S.2    Kaiser, R.I.3    Mebel, A.M.4    Liang, M.C.5    Yung, Y.L.6
  • 66
    • 0346421459 scopus 로고
    • W.H. Freeman & Co.: San Francisco, CA, USA
    • Folsom, C.E. The Origin of Life; W.H. Freeman & Co.: San Francisco, CA, USA, 1979
    • (1979) The Origin of Life
    • Folsom, C.E.1
  • 68
    • 0015234002 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of cystine in simulated primitive conditions
    • Khare, B.N.; Sagan, C. Synthesis of cystine in simulated primitive conditions. Nature 1971, 232, 577–579.
    • (1971) Nature , vol.232 , pp. 577-579
    • Khare, B.N.1    Sagan, C.2
  • 69
    • 0015522267 scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic synthesis of methionine
    • Van Trump, J.E.; Miller, S.L. Prebiotic synthesis of methionine. Science 1972, 178, 859–860
    • (1972) Science , vol.178 , pp. 859-860
    • Van Trump, J.E.1    Miller, S.L.2
  • 70
    • 0016563192 scopus 로고
    • Effect of H2S on the formation of organic compounds from C, N, H, S model atmospheres submitted to a glow discharge
    • Raulin, F.; Toupance, G. Effect of H2S on the formation of organic compounds from C, N, H, S model atmospheres submitted to a glow discharge. Orig. Life 1975, 6, 507–512.
    • (1975) Orig. Life , vol.6 , pp. 507-512
    • Raulin, F.1    Toupance, G.2
  • 71
    • 1842268130 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet-photoproduced organic solids synthesized under simulated jovian conditions: Molecular analysis
    • Khare, B.N.; Sagan, C.; Bandurski, E.L.; Nagy, B. Ultraviolet-photoproduced organic solids synthesized under simulated jovian conditions: Molecular analysis. Science 1978, 199, 1199–1201.
    • (1978) Science , vol.199 , pp. 1199-1201
    • Khare, B.N.1    Sagan, C.2    Bandurski, E.L.3    Nagy, B.4
  • 72
    • 0032445580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural investigations of hydrogen cyanide polymers: New insights using TMAH thermochemolysis/GC-MS
    • Minard, R.D.; Hatcher, P.G.; Gourley, R.C.; Matthews, C.N. Structural investigations of hydrogen cyanide polymers: New insights using TMAH thermochemolysis/GC-MS. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 1998, 28, 461–473.
    • (1998) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.28 , pp. 461-473
    • Minard, R.D.1    Hatcher, P.G.2    Gourley, R.C.3    Matthews, C.N.4
  • 73
    • 84862069364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural investigation of Titan tholins by solution-state 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR: One-dimensional and decoupling experiments
    • He, C.; Lin, G.; Upton, K.T.; Imanaka, H.; Smith, M.A. Structural investigation of Titan tholins by solution-state 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR: One-dimensional and decoupling experiments. J. Phys. Chem. A 2012, 116, 4760–4767.
    • (2012) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.116 , pp. 4760-4767
    • He, C.1    Lin, G.2    Upton, K.T.3    Imanaka, H.4    Smith, M.A.5
  • 74
    • 84901832887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution. Energy at life’s origin
    • Martin, W.F.; Sousa, F.L.; Lane, N. Evolution. Energy at life’s origin. Science 2014, 344, 1092–1093.
    • (2014) Science , vol.344 , pp. 1092-1093
    • Martin, W.F.1    Sousa, F.L.2    Lane, N.3
  • 75
    • 0033582722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irradiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ices: Production of alcohols, quinones, and ethers
    • Bernstein, M.P.; Sandford, S.A.; Allamandola, L.J.; Gillette, J.S.; Clemett, S.J.; Zare, R.N. UV irradiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ices: Production of alcohols, quinones, and ethers. Science 1999, 283, 1135–1138.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1135-1138
    • Bernstein, M.P.1    Sandford, S.A.2    Allamandola, L.J.3    Gillette, J.S.4    Clemett, S.J.5    Zare, R.6
  • 77
    • 22544451845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supramolecular electronics; nanowires from self-assembled  π-conjugated systems
    • Schenning, A.P.; Meijer, F.W. Supramolecular electronics; nanowires from self-assembled  π-conjugated systems. Chem. Commun. (Camb.) 2005, doi:10.1039/B501804H.
    • (2005) Chem. Commun. (Camb.)
    • Schenning, A.P.1    Meijer, F.W.2
  • 78
    • 0029895160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winkler, J.R. Electron transfer in proteins
    • Gray, H.B.; Winkler, J.R. Electron transfer in proteins. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1996, 65, 537–561.
    • (1996) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.65 , pp. 537-561
    • Gray, H.B.1
  • 79
    • 32244433011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PH Rate profiles of FnY356-R2s (N = 2, 3, 4) in Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase: Evidence that Y356 is a redox-active amino acid along the radical propagation pathway
    • Seyedsayamdost, M.R.; Yee, C.S.; Reece, S.Y.; Nocera, D.G.; Stubbe, J. pH Rate profiles of FnY356-R2s (n = 2, 3, 4) in Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase: Evidence that Y356 is a redox-active amino acid along the radical propagation pathway. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 1562–1568.
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 1562-1568
    • Seyedsayamdost, M.R.1    Yee, C.S.2    Reece, S.Y.3    Nocera, D.G.4    Stubbe, J.5
  • 80
    • 0025720755 scopus 로고
    • The first cellular bioenergetic process: Primitive generation of a proton-motive force
    • Koch, A.L.; Schmidt, T.M. The first cellular bioenergetic process: Primitive generation of a proton-motive force. J. Mol. Evol. 1991, 33, 297–304.
    • (1991) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.33 , pp. 297-304
    • Koch, A.L.1    Schmidt, T.M.2
  • 81
    • 0024254814 scopus 로고
    • Before enzymes and templates: Theory of surface metabolism
    • Wächtershäuser, G. Before enzymes and templates: Theory of surface metabolism. Microbiol. Rev. 1988, 52, 452–484.
    • (1988) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.52 , pp. 452-484
    • Wächtershäuser, G.1
  • 82
    • 0030620774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated acetic acid by carbon fixation on (Fe,Ni)S under primordial conditions
    • Huber, C.; Wächtershäuser, G. Activated acetic acid by carbon fixation on (Fe,Ni)S under primordial conditions. Science 1997, 276, 245–247.
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 245-247
    • Huber, C.1    Wächtershäuser, G.2
  • 83
    • 54949153045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetogenesis and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of CO2fixation
    • Ragsdale, S.W.; Pierce, E. Acetogenesis and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of CO2 fixation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008, 1784, 1873–1898.
    • (2008) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1784 , pp. 1873-1898
    • Ragsdale, S.W.1    Pierce, E.2
  • 84
    • 20744446399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function, and formation of biological iron sulfur clusters
    • Johnson, D.C.; Dean, D.R.; Smith, A.D.; Johnson, M.K. Structure, function, and formation of biological iron sulfur clusters. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2005, 74, 247–281.
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.74 , pp. 247-281
    • Johnson, D.C.1    Dean, D.R.2    Smith, A.D.3    Johnson, M.K.4
  • 85
    • 0001202417 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the structure of ferredoxin based on living relics of primitive amino acid sequences
    • Eck, R.V.; Dayhoff, M.O. Evolution of the structure of ferredoxin based on living relics of primitive amino acid sequences. Science 1966, 152, 363–366.
    • (1966) Science , vol.152 , pp. 363-366
    • Eck, R.V.1    Dayhoff, M.O.2
  • 86
    • 0036558591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution before the origin of species
    • Davis, B.K. Evolution before the origin of species. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2002, 79, 77–133.
    • (2002) Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. , vol.79 , pp. 77-133
    • Davis, B.K.1
  • 87
    • 0013783797 scopus 로고
    • Photoreduction of ferredoxin and its use in carbon dioxide fixation by a subcellular system from a photosynthetic bacterium
    • Evans, M.C.; Buchanan, B.B. Photoreduction of ferredoxin and its use in carbon dioxide fixation by a subcellular system from a photosynthetic bacterium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1965, 53, 1420–1425.
    • (1965) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.53 , pp. 1420-1425
    • Evans, M.C.1    Buchanan, B.B.2
  • 88
    • 84866012038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radical reactions of thiamin pyrophosphate in 2-oxoacid oxidoreductases
    • Reed, G.H.; Ragsdale, S.W.; Mansoorabadi, S.O. Radical reactions of thiamin pyrophosphate in 2-oxoacid oxidoreductases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2012, 1824, 1291–1298.
    • (2012) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1824 , pp. 1291-1298
    • Reed, G.H.1    Ragsdale, S.W.2    Mansoorabadi, S.O.3
  • 89
    • 0001531847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-sulfur proteins with nonredox functions
    • Flint, D.H.; Allen, R.M. Iron-sulfur proteins with nonredox functions Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 2315–2334.
    • (1996) Chem. Rev , vol.96 , pp. 2315-2334
    • Flint, D.H.1    Allen, R.M.2
  • 90
    • 84873542616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical similarities and differences between the catalytic [4Fe-4S] cluster containing fumarases FumA and FumB from Escherichia coli
    • e55549
    • Van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.; van der Weel, L.; Hagen, W.R.; Hagedoorn, P.L. Biochemical similarities and differences between the catalytic [4Fe-4S] cluster containing fumarases FumA and FumB from Escherichia coli. PLoS One 2013, 8, e55549.
    • (2013) Plos One , vol.8
    • Van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.1    Van Der Weel, L.2    Hagen, W.R.3    Hagedoorn, P.L.4
  • 91
    • 33847088693 scopus 로고
    • Synthetic approaches to the active sites of iron-sulfur proteins
    • Holm, R.H. Synthetic approaches to the active sites of iron-sulfur proteins. Acc. Chem. Res. 1977, 10, 427–434.
    • (1977) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.10 , pp. 427-434
    • Holm, R.H.1
  • 92
    • 84902428425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron transfer: Iron-sulfur clusters
    • McCleverty, J.A., Meyer, T.J., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, NY, USA
    • Holm, R.H. Electron transfer: Iron-sulfur clusters. In Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II; McCleverty, J.A., Meyer, T.J., Eds.; Elsevier: New York, NY, USA, 2003; Volume 8, pp. 61–90.
    • (2003) Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II , vol.8 , pp. 61-90
    • Holm, R.H.1
  • 93
    • 33845377125 scopus 로고
    • Assembly of FenSn(SR)2−(n = 2, 4) in aqueous media from iron salts, thiols, and sulfur, sulfide, or thiosulfate plus rhodonase
    • Bonomi, F.; Werth, M.T.; Kurtz, D.M. Assembly of FenSn(SR)2− (n = 2, 4) in aqueous media from iron salts, thiols, and sulfur, sulfide, or thiosulfate plus rhodonase. Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 4331–4335.
    • (1985) Inorg. Chem. , vol.24 , pp. 4331-4335
    • Bonomi, F.1    Werth, M.T.2    Kurtz, D.M.3
  • 94
    • 79953758011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stabilities of cubane type [Fe4S4(SR)4]2− clusters in partially aqueous media
    • Lo, W.; Scott, T.A.; Zhang, P.; Ling, C.C.; Holm, R.H. Stabilities of cubane type [Fe4S4(SR)4]2− clusters in partially aqueous media. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2011, 105, 497–508.
    • (2011) J. Inorg. Biochem. , vol.105 , pp. 497-508
    • Lo, W.1    Scott, T.A.2    Zhang, P.3    Ling, C.C.4    Holm, R.H.5
  • 95
    • 0016804550 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of ligand exchange studied on a water-soluble Fe4S4(SR)4n− cluster
    • Job, R.C.; Bruice, T.C. Iron-sulfur Clusters II: Kinetics of ligand exchange studied on a water-soluble Fe4S4(SR)4n− cluster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1975, 72, 2478–2482.
    • (1975) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.72 , pp. 2478-2482
    • Job, R.C.1    Bruice, T.C.2    Iron-Sulfur Clusters, I.I.3
  • 97
    • 84901851838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetics and anaerobic respiratory chains of aceticlastic methanogens
    • Welte, C.; Deppenmeier, U. Bioenergetics and anaerobic respiratory chains of aceticlastic methanogens. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2014, 1837, 1130–1147.
    • (2014) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1837 , pp. 1130-1147
    • Welte, C.1    Deppenmeier, U.2
  • 98
    • 0037070204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterodisulfide reductase from Methanothermobacter marburgensis contains an active-site [4Fe-4S] cluster that is directly involved in mediating heterodisulfide reduction
    • Duin, E.C.; Madadi-Kahkesh, S.; Hedderich, R.; Clay, M.D.; Johnson, M.K. Heterodisulfide reductase from Methanothermobacter marburgensis contains an active-site [4Fe-4S] cluster that is directly involved in mediating heterodisulfide reduction. FEBS Lett. 2002, 512, 263–268.
    • (2002) FEBS Lett , vol.512 , pp. 263-268
    • Duin, E.C.1    Madadi-Kahkesh, S.2    Hedderich, R.3    Clay, M.D.4    Johnson, M.K.5
  • 99
    • 14844301641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct interaction of coenzyme M with the active-site Fe-S cluster of heterodisulfide reductase
    • Shokes, J.E.; Duin, E.C.; Bauer, C.; Jaun, B.; Hedderich, R.; Koch, J.; Scott, R.A. Direct interaction of coenzyme M with the active-site Fe-S cluster of heterodisulfide reductase. FEBS Lett. 2005, 579, 1741–1744.
    • (2005) FEBS Lett , vol.579 , pp. 1741-1744
    • Shokes, J.E.1    Duin, E.C.2    Bauer, C.3    Jaun, B.4    Hedderich, R.5    Koch, J.6    Scott, R.A.7
  • 100
    • 0036082038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel energy metabolism in anaerobic hyperthermophilic archaea: A modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway
    • Sakuraba, H.; Oshima, T. Novel energy metabolism in anaerobic hyperthermophilic archaea: A modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 2002, 93, 441–448.
    • (2002) J. Biosci. Bioeng. , vol.93 , pp. 441-448
    • Sakuraba, H.1    Oshima, T.2
  • 101
    • 34447515979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (GAPOR) and nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPN), key enzymes of the respective modified Embden-Meyerhof pathways in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeota Pyrobaculum aerophilum and Aeropyrum pernix
    • Reher, M.; Gebhard, S.; Schonheit, P. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (GAPOR) and nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPN), key enzymes of the respective modified Embden-Meyerhof pathways in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeota Pyrobaculum aerophilum and Aeropyrum pernix. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2007, 273, 196–205.
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.273 , pp. 196-205
    • Reher, M.1    Gebhard, S.2    Schonheit, P.3
  • 102
    • 5044231756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbonyl-sulfide-mediated prebiotic formation of peptides
    • Leman, L.; Orgel, L.; Ghadiri, M.R. Carbonyl-sulfide-mediated prebiotic formation of peptides. Science 2004, 306, 283–286.
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 283-286
    • Leman, L.1    Orgel, L.2    Ghadiri, M.R.3
  • 103
    • 0032768196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptides and the origin of life
    • Rode, B.M. Peptides and the origin of life. Peptides 1999, 20, 773–786.
    • (1999) Peptides , vol.20 , pp. 773-786
    • Rode, B.M.1
  • 105
    • 0023429474 scopus 로고
    • Proton permeation of lipid bilayers
    • Deamer, D.W. Proton permeation of lipid bilayers. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 1987, 19, 457–479.
    • (1987) J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. , vol.19 , pp. 457-479
    • Deamer, D.W.1
  • 106
    • 80855131585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prokaryotic acyl-CoA reductase performing reduction of fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohol
    • Hofvander, P.; Doan, T.T.; Hamberg, M. A prokaryotic acyl-CoA reductase performing reduction of fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohol. FEBS Lett. 2011, 585, 3538–3543.
    • (2011) FEBS Lett , vol.585 , pp. 3538-3543
    • Hofvander, P.1    Doan, T.T.2    Hamberg, M.3
  • 107
    • 84922781635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thioester world
    • Brach, A., Ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK
    • De Duve, C. Clues from present-day biology: The thioester world. In The Molecular Origins of Life; Brach, A., Ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 1998; pp. 219–236.
    • (1998) The Molecular Origins of Life , pp. 219-236
    • De, D.1    Clues From Present-Day Biology, C.2
  • 108
    • 84882392351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactivity landscape of pyruvate under simulated hydrothermal vent conditions
    • Nivikov, Y.; Copley, S.D. Reactivity landscape of pyruvate under simulated hydrothermal vent conditions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2013, 110, 13283–13288.
    • (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.110 , pp. 13283-13288
    • Nivikov, Y.1    Copley, S.D.2
  • 109
    • 79959998431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FeS/S/FeS2 redox system and its oxidoreductase-like chemistry in the iron-sulfur world
    • Wang, W.; Yang, B.; Qu, Y.; Liu, X.; Su, W. FeS/S/FeS2 redox system and its oxidoreductase-like chemistry in the iron-sulfur world. Astrobiology 2011, 11, 471–476.
    • (2011) Astrobiology , vol.11 , pp. 471-476
    • Wang, W.1    Yang, B.2    Qu, Y.3    Liu, X.4    Su, W.5
  • 110
    • 0025073031 scopus 로고
    • Facile reduction of ethyl thiol esters to aldehydes: Application to a total synthesis of a (+)-neothromycin A methyl ester
    • Fukuyama, T.; Lin, S.C.; Li, L. Facile reduction of ethyl thiol esters to aldehydes: Application to a total synthesis of a (+)-neothromycin A methyl ester. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 7050–7051.
    • (1990) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.112 , pp. 7050-7051
    • Fukuyama, T.1    Lin, S.C.2    Li, L.3
  • 111
    • 0037898938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase and its radical intermediate
    • Ragsdale, S.W. Pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase and its radical intermediate. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 2333–2346.
    • (2003) Chem. Rev. , vol.103 , pp. 2333-2346
    • Ragsdale, S.W.1
  • 113
    • 0016842095 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid synthesis through biogenetic-type CO2fixation
    • Nakajima, T.; Yabushita, Y.; Tabushi, I. Amino acid synthesis through biogenetic-type CO2 fixation. Nature 1975, 256, 60–61
    • (1975) Nature , vol.256 , pp. 60-61
    • Nakajima, T.1    Yabushita, Y.2    Tabushi, I.3
  • 114
    • 0000028129 scopus 로고
    • Catalytic formation of α-keto acids by artifical CO2 fixation
    • Tanaka, K.; Matsui, T.; Tanaka, T. Catalytic formation of α-keto acids by artifical CO2 fixation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 3765–3767.
    • (1989) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.111 , pp. 3765-3767
    • Tanaka, K.1    Matsui, T.2    Tanaka, T.3
  • 115
    • 84957951048 scopus 로고
    • Synthetic uses of thiols
    • Patai, S., Ed.; John Wiley & Sons: London, UK
    • Olsen, R.K.; Currie, J.O. Synthetic uses of thiols. In The Chemistry of the Thiol Group, Part 2; Patai, S., Ed.; John Wiley & Sons: London, UK, 1974; pp. 519–588.
    • (1974) The Chemistry of the Thiol Group, Part 2 , pp. 519-588
    • Olsen, R.K.1    Currie, J.O.2
  • 116
    • 0001513656 scopus 로고
    • Schiff bases and related substances II. Reactions of thiols with N-benzylidene aniline and N-benzylidene anthranilic acid
    • Stacy, G.W.; Day, R.I.; Morath, R.J. Schiff bases and related substances II. Reactions of thiols with N-benzylidene aniline and N-benzylidene anthranilic acid. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 3869–3873.
    • (1955) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 3869-3873
    • Stacy, G.W.1    Day, R.I.2    Morath, R.J.3
  • 117
    • 12944318318 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of thiols with Schiff bases in nonaqueous solvents. Addition equilibria, cleavage, and reduction
    • Oakes, T.R.; Stacy, G.W. Reactions of thiols with Schiff bases in nonaqueous solvents. Addition equilibria, cleavage, and reduction. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 1594–1600.
    • (1972) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.94 , pp. 1594-1600
    • Oakes, T.R.1    Stacy, G.W.2
  • 118
    • 0037450456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primordial reductive amination revisited
    • Huber, C.; Wächtershäuser, G. Primordial reductive amination revisited. Tetrahedron Lett. 2003 44, 1695–1697.
    • (2003) Tetrahedron Lett , vol.44 , pp. 1695-1697
    • Huber, C.1    Wächtershäuser, G.2
  • 119
    • 0014540367 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of glycine synthesis and glycine cleavage catalyzed by extracts of Arthrobacter globiformis grown on glycine
    • Kochi, H.; Kikuchi, G. Reactions of glycine synthesis and glycine cleavage catalyzed by extracts of Arthrobacter globiformis grown on glycine. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1969, 132, 359–369.
    • (1969) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.132 , pp. 359-369
    • Kochi, H.1    Kikuchi, G.2
  • 121
    • 0008508173 scopus 로고
    • Electosynthesis of N-substituted DL-arylglycineesters and 1,2-diarylamino- 1,2-diarylethanes by cathodic reduction of azomethines in the presence of carbon dioxide
    • Hess, U.; Theile, R. Electosynthesis of N-substituted DL-arylglycineesters and 1,2-diarylamino- 1,2-diarylethanes by cathodic reduction of azomethines in the presence of carbon dioxide. J. Prakt. Chem. 1982, 324, 385–399.
    • (1982) J. Prakt. Chem. , vol.324 , pp. 385-399
    • Hess, U.1    Theile, R.2
  • 123
    • 34248326796 scopus 로고
    • Non-enzymatic transamination with glyoxylic acid and various amino acids
    • Nakada, H.I.; Weinhouse, S. Non-enzymatic transamination with glyoxylic acid and various amino acids. J. Biol. Chem. 1953, 204, 831–836.
    • (1953) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.204 , pp. 831-836
    • Nakada, H.I.1    Weinhouse, S.2
  • 124
    • 0034696680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of Escherichia coli malate synthase G complexed with magnesium and glyoxylate at 2.0 Å resolution: Mechanistic implications
    • Howard, B.R.; Endrizzi, J.A.; Remington, S.J. Crystal structure of Escherichia coli malate synthase G complexed with magnesium and glyoxylate at 2.0 Å resolution: Mechanistic implications. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 3156–3168.
    • (2000) Biochemistry , vol.39 , pp. 3156-3168
    • Howard, B.R.1    Endrizzi, J.A.2    Remington, S.J.3
  • 125
    • 0017141335 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of malic enzyme from pigeon liver. Magnetic resonance and kinetic studies of the role of Mn2+
    • Hsu, R.Y.; Mildvan, A.; Chang, G.; Fung, C. Mechanism of malic enzyme from pigeon liver. Magnetic resonance and kinetic studies of the role of Mn2+. J. Biol. Chem. 1976, 251, 6574–6583.
    • (1976) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.251 , pp. 6574-6583
    • Hsu, R.Y.1    Mildvan, A.2    Chang, G.3    Fung, C.4
  • 126
    • 65449134009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lysine-tyrosine pair carries out acid-base chemistry in the metal ion-dependent pyridine dinucleotide-linked β-hydroxyacid oxidative decarboxylases
    • Aktas, D.F.; Cook, P.F. A lysine-tyrosine pair carries out acid-base chemistry in the metal ion-dependent pyridine dinucleotide-linked β-hydroxyacid oxidative decarboxylases. Biochemistry 2009, 48, 3565–3577.
    • (2009) Biochemistry , vol.48 , pp. 3565-3577
    • Aktas, D.F.1    Cook, P.F.2
  • 127
    • 0028113441 scopus 로고
    • Malate dehydrogenase: A model for structure, evolution, and catalysis
    • Goward, C.R.; Nicholls, D.J. Malate dehydrogenase: A model for structure, evolution, and catalysis. Protein Sci. 1994, 3, 1883–1888.
    • (1994) Protein Sci , vol.3 , pp. 1883-1888
    • Goward, C.R.1    Nicholls, D.J.2
  • 128
    • 0032570587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purification, regulation, and molecular and biochemical characterization of pyruvate carboxylase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum strain ΔH
    • Mukhopadhyay, B.; Stoddard, S.F.; Wolfe, R.S. Purification, regulation, and molecular and biochemical characterization of pyruvate carboxylase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum strain ΔH. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273, 5155–5166.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 5155-5166
    • Mukhopadhyay, B.1    Stoddard, S.F.2    Wolfe, R.S.3
  • 129
    • 0027531657 scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli fumarase A catalyzes the isomerization of enol and keto oxalacetic acid
    • Flint, D.H. Escherichia coli fumarase A catalyzes the isomerization of enol and keto oxalacetic acid. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 799–805.
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , pp. 799-805
    • Flint, D.H.1
  • 130
    • 0022870530 scopus 로고
    • Intermediates in the biosynthesis of Coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethane sulfonic acid)
    • White, R.H. Intermediates in the biosynthesis of Coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethane sulfonic acid). Biochemistry 1986, 25, 5304–5308.
    • (1986) Biochemistry , vol.25 , pp. 5304-5308
    • White, R.H.1
  • 131
    • 0000824549 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of the 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid subunit of component B [(7-mercaptoheptanoyl) threonine phosphate] of methanogenic bacteria
    • White, R.H. Biosynthesis of the 7-mercaptoheptanoic acid subunit of component B [(7-mercaptoheptanoyl) threonine phosphate] of methanogenic bacteria. Biochemistry 1989, 28, 860–865.
    • (1989) Biochemistry , vol.28 , pp. 860-865
    • White, R.H.1
  • 134
    • 0022044878 scopus 로고
    • Poly(β-malic acid): A new polymeric drug-carrier
    • Braud, C.; Brunel, C.; Vert, M. Poly(β-malic acid): A new polymeric drug-carrier. Polym. Bull. (Berl.) 1985, 13, 293–299.
    • (1985) Polym. Bull. (Berl.) , vol.13 , pp. 293-299
    • Braud, C.1    Brunel, C.2    Vert, M.3
  • 135
    • 4944242228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injection of poly(β-L-malate) into the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum shortens the cell cycle and increases the growth rate
    • Karl, M.; Anderson, R.; Holler, E. Injection of poly(β-L-malate) into the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum shortens the cell cycle and increases the growth rate. Eur. J. Biochem. 2004, 271, 3805–3811.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.271 , pp. 3805-3811
    • Karl, M.1    Anderson, R.2    Holler, E.3
  • 136
    • 0029955083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of poly(β-L-malic acid) production by strains of Aureobasidium pullulans
    • Liu, S.; Steinbüchel, A. Investigation of poly(β-L-malic acid) production by strains of Aureobasidium pullulans. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1996, 46, 273–278.
    • (1996) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. , vol.46 , pp. 273-278
    • Liu, S.1    Steinbüchel, A.2
  • 137
    • 0004263111 scopus 로고
    • Saturated Polymers; Elsevier: New York, NY, USA
    • Goodman, I. Polyesters, Volume I: Saturated Polymers; Elsevier: New York, NY, USA, 1965
    • (1965) Polyesters , vol.1
    • Goodman, I.1
  • 138
    • 0027914959 scopus 로고
    • Earth’s earliest atmosphere
    • Kasting, J.F. Earth’s earliest atmosphere. Science 1993, 259, 920–926.
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 920-926
    • Kasting, J.F.1
  • 140
    • 0012648221 scopus 로고
    • The structure of (+/−) malic acid, (+/−)-C4H6O5
    • Van der Sluis, P.; Kroon, J. The structure of (+/−) malic acid, (+/−)-C4H6O5. Acta Crystallogr. 1985, C41, 956–959.
    • (1985) Acta Crystallogr , pp. 956-959
    • Van Der Sluis, P.1    Kroon, J.2
  • 141
    • 44249118305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen bond strength and bond geometry in cyclic dimers of crystalline carboxylic acids
    • Gavezzotti, A. Hydrogen bond strength and bond geometry in cyclic dimers of crystalline carboxylic acids. Acta Crystallogr. B 2008, 864, 401–403.
    • (2008) Acta Crystallogr. B , vol.864 , pp. 401-403
    • Gavezzotti, A.1
  • 142
    • 80052127873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring acetic acid dimer modes by ultra fast time-domain Raman spectroscopy
    • Heisler, I.A.; Mazur, K.; Yamaguchi, S.; Tominaga, K.; Meech, S.R. Measuring acetic acid dimer modes by ultra fast time-domain Raman spectroscopy. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 15573–15579.
    • (2011) Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , vol.13 , pp. 15573-15579
    • Heisler, I.A.1    Mazur, K.2    Yamaguchi, S.3    Tominaga, K.4    Meech, S.R.5
  • 143
    • 38049006919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactic acid in solution: Investigations of lactic acid self-aggregation and hydrogen bonding interactions with water and methanol using vibrational absorption and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopies
    • Losada, M.; Tran, H.; Xu, Y. Lactic acid in solution: Investigations of lactic acid self-aggregation and hydrogen bonding interactions with water and methanol using vibrational absorption and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopies. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 128, doi:10.1063/1.2806192.
    • (2008) J. Chem. Phys , vol.128
    • Losada, M.1    Tran, H.2    Xu, Y.3
  • 144
    • 33745596803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ammonia channel couples glutaminase with transamidase reactions in GatCAB
    • Nakamura, A.; Yao, M.; Chimnaronk, S.; Sakai, N.; Tanaka, I. Ammonia channel couples glutaminase with transamidase reactions in GatCAB. Science 2006, 312, 1954–1958.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1954-1958
    • Nakamura, A.1    Yao, M.2    Chimnaronk, S.3    Sakai, N.4    Tanaka, I.5
  • 145
  • 146
    • 6744245170 scopus 로고
    • The reactions of amino and imino acids with formaldehyde
    • Levy, M.; Silberman, D.E. The reactions of amino and imino acids with formaldehyde. J. Biol. Chem. 1937, 118, 723–734.
    • (1937) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.118 , pp. 723-734
    • Levy, M.1    Silberman, D.E.2
  • 147
    • 0019015137 scopus 로고
    • Reevaluation of the reaction of formaldehyde at low concentrations with amino acids
    • Kitamoto, Y.; Maeda, H. Reevaluation of the reaction of formaldehyde at low concentrations with amino acids. J. Biochem. 1980, 87, 1519–1530.
    • (1980) J. Biochem. , vol.87 , pp. 1519-1530
    • Kitamoto, Y.1    Maeda, H.2
  • 148
    • 0034730083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Clostridium oroticum is a class 1B enzyme and utilizes a concerted mechanism of catalysis
    • Argyrou, A.; Washabaugh, M.W.; Pickart, C.M. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Clostridium oroticum is a class 1B enzyme and utilizes a concerted mechanism of catalysis. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 10373–10384.
    • (2000) Biochemistry , vol.39 , pp. 10373-10384
    • Argyrou, A.1    Washabaugh, M.W.2    Pickart, C.M.3
  • 149
    • 0037177237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homologous (β/α)8-barrel enzymes that catalyze unrelated reactions: Orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase and 3-keto-L-gulonate-6-phosphate decarboxylase
    • Wise, E.; Yew, W.S.; Babbitt, P.C.; Gerlt, J.A.; Rayment, I. Homologous (β/α)8-barrel enzymes that catalyze unrelated reactions: Orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase and 3-keto-L-gulonate-6-phosphate decarboxylase. Biochemistry 2002, 41, 3861–3869.
    • (2002) Biochemistry , vol.41 , pp. 3861-3869
    • Wise, E.1    Yew, W.S.2    Babbitt, P.C.3    Gerlt, J.A.4    Rayment, I.5
  • 150
    • 34250633363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the landscape of potentially primordial informational oligomers: Oligodipeptides tagged with 2,4-disubstituted 5-aminopyrimidines as recognition elements
    • Mittapalli, G.K.; Osornio, Y.M.; Guerrero, M.A.; Reddy, K.R.; Krishnamurthy, R.; Eschenmoser, A. Mapping the landscape of potentially primordial informational oligomers: Oligodipeptides tagged with 2,4-disubstituted 5-aminopyrimidines as recognition elements. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 2478–2484.
    • (2007) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.46 , pp. 2478-2484
    • Mittapalli, G.K.1    Osornio, Y.M.2    Guerrero, M.A.3    Reddy, K.R.4    Krishnamurthy, R.5    Eschenmoser, A.6
  • 151
    • 84860600149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The missing link in coenzyme A biosynthesis: PanM (formerly YhhK), a yeast GCN5 acetyltransferase homologue triggers aspartate decarboxylase (PanD) maturation in Salmonella enterica
    • Stuecker, T.N.; Hodge, K.M.; Escalante-Semerena, J.C. The missing link in coenzyme A biosynthesis: PanM (formerly YhhK), a yeast GCN5 acetyltransferase homologue triggers aspartate decarboxylase (PanD) maturation in Salmonella enterica. Mol. Microbiol. 2012, 84, 608–619.
    • (2012) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.84 , pp. 608-619
    • Stuecker, T.N.1    Hodge, K.M.2    Escalante-Semerena, J.C.3
  • 152
    • 33749147228 scopus 로고
    • The synthesis, reactions and properties of the 2'(3')-O-aminoacyl and peptidyl nucleosides and nucleotides
    • Townsend, L.B., Ed.; Springer Science & Business Media: New York, NY, USA
    • Chladek, S. The synthesis, reactions and properties of the 2'(3')-O-aminoacyl and peptidyl nucleosides and nucleotides. In Chemistry of Nucleosides and Nucleotides; Townsend, L.B., Ed.; Springer Science & Business Media: New York, NY, USA, 1994; Volume 3, pp. 107–143.
    • (1994) Chemistry of Nucleosides and Nucleotides , vol.3 , pp. 107-143
    • Chladek, S.1
  • 153
    • 84886634813 scopus 로고
    • Factor-free (“non-enzymic”) and factor-dependent systems of translation of polyuridylic acid by Escherichia coli ribosomes
    • Gavrilova, L.P.; Kostiashkina, O.E.; Koteliansky, V.E.; Rutkevitch, N.M.; Spirin, A.S. Factor-free (“non-enzymic”) and factor-dependent systems of translation of polyuridylic acid by Escherichia coli ribosomes. J. Mol. Biol. 1976, 101, 537–552.
    • (1976) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.101 , pp. 537-552
    • Gavrilova, L.P.1    Kostiashkina, O.E.2    Koteliansky, V.E.3    Rutkevitch, N.M.4    Spirin, A.S.5
  • 154
    • 0036926943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFG-independent translocation of the mRNA:TRNA complex is promoted by modification of the ribosome with thiol-specific reagents
    • Southworth, D.R.; Brunelle, J.L.; Green, R. EFG-independent translocation of the mRNA:tRNA complex is promoted by modification of the ribosome with thiol-specific reagents. J. Mol. Biol. 2002, 324, 611–623.
    • (2002) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.324 , pp. 611-623
    • Southworth, D.R.1    Brunelle, J.L.2    Green, R.3
  • 155
    • 0003075565 scopus 로고
    • On the problems of evolution and biochemical information transfer
    • Kasha, M., Pullman, B., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, NY, USA
    • Rich, A. On the problems of evolution and biochemical information transfer. In Horizons in Biochemistry; Kasha, M., Pullman, B., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, NY, USA, 1962; pp. 103–126.
    • (1962) Horizons in Biochemistry , pp. 103-126
    • Rich, A.1
  • 156
    • 0019062736 scopus 로고
    • Poly(U)-directed peptide bond formation from the 2'(3')-glycyl esters of adenosine derivatives
    • Weber, A.L.; Orgel, L.E. Poly(U)-directed peptide bond formation from the 2'(3')-glycyl esters of adenosine derivatives. J. Mol. Evol. 1980, 16, 1–10.
    • (1980) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.16 , pp. 1-10
    • Weber, A.L.1    Orgel, L.E.2
  • 157
    • 84869820657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological importance of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrates
    • Reusch, R.N. Physiological importance of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrates. Chem. Biodivers. 2012, 9, 2343–2366.
    • (2012) Chem. Biodivers. , vol.9 , pp. 2343-2366
    • Reusch, R.N.1
  • 158
    • 0036463713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased frequency of cysteine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine residues since the last universal ancestor
    • Brooks, D.J.; Fresco, J.R. Increased frequency of cysteine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine residues since the last universal ancestor. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 2002, 1, 125–131.
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Proteomics , vol.1 , pp. 125-131
    • Brooks, D.J.1    Fresco, J.R.2
  • 159
    • 84888646161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the genetic code by incorporation of amino acids that improved or changed protein function
    • Francis, B.R. Evolution of the genetic code by incorporation of amino acids that improved or changed protein function. J. Mol. Evol. 2013, 77, 134–158.
    • (2013) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.77 , pp. 134-158
    • Francis, B.R.1
  • 161
    • 0036221257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel theory on the origin of the genetic code: A GNC-SNS hypothesis
    • Ikehara, K.; Omori, Y.; Arai, R.; Hirose, A. A novel theory on the origin of the genetic code: A GNC-SNS hypothesis. J. Mol. Evol. 2002, 54, 530–538.
    • (2002) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.54 , pp. 530-538
    • Ikehara, K.1    Omori, Y.2    Arai, R.3    Hirose, A.A.4
  • 162
    • 67449137928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A four-column theory for the origin of the genetic code: Tracing the evolutionary pathways that gave rise to an optimized code
    • Higgs, P.G. A four-column theory for the origin of the genetic code: Tracing the evolutionary pathways that gave rise to an optimized code. Biol. Direct 2009, 4, doi:10.1186/1745-6150-4-16.
    • (2009) Biol. Direct , vol.4
    • Higgs, P.G.1
  • 163
    • 70350567248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first peptides: The evolutionary transition between prebiotic amino acids and early proteins
    • Van der Gulik, P.; Massar, S.; Gilis, D.; Burhman, H.; Rooman, M. The first peptides: The evolutionary transition between prebiotic amino acids and early proteins. J. Theor. Biol. 2009, 261, 531–539.
    • (2009) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.261 , pp. 531-539
    • Van Der Gulik, P.1    Massar, S.2    Gilis, D.3    Burhman, H.4    Rooman, M.5
  • 164
    • 33845748277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of archaeal photolyase from Sulfolobus tokodaii with two FAD molecules: Implication of a novel light-harvesting cofactor
    • Fujihashi, M.; Numoto, N.; Kobayashi, Y.; Mizushima, A.; Tsujimura, M.; Nakamura, A.; Kawarabayasi, Y.; Miki, K. Crystal structure of archaeal photolyase from Sulfolobus tokodaii with two FAD molecules: Implication of a novel light-harvesting cofactor. J. Mol. Biol. 2007, 365, 903–910.
    • (2007) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.365 , pp. 903-910
    • Fujihashi, M.1    Numoto, N.2    Kobayashi, Y.3    Mizushima, A.4    Tsujimura, M.5    Nakamura, A.6    Kawarabayasi, Y.7    Miki, K.8
  • 167
    • 0030875872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of life from iron monosulphide bubbles at a submarine hydrothermal redox and pH front
    • Russell, M.J.; Hall, A.J. The emergence of life from iron monosulphide bubbles at a submarine hydrothermal redox and pH front. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 1997, 154, 377–402.
    • (1997) J. Geol. Soc. Lond. , vol.154 , pp. 377-402
    • Russell, M.J.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 170
    • 68049085705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy transduction inside of amphiphilic vesicles: Encapsulation of photochemically active semiconducting particles
    • Summers, D.P.; Noveron, J.; Basa, R.C. Energy transduction inside of amphiphilic vesicles: Encapsulation of photochemically active semiconducting particles. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2009, 39, 127–140.
    • (2009) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.39 , pp. 127-140
    • Summers, D.P.1    Noveron, J.2    Basa, R.C.3
  • 172
    • 0042475265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some consequences of the RNA world hypothesis
    • Orgel, L.E. Some consequences of the RNA world hypothesis. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2003, 33, 211–218.
    • (2003) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.33 , pp. 211-218
    • Orgel, L.E.1
  • 173
    • 33846798458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The viability of a nonenzymatic reductive citric acid cycle—Kinetics and thermochemistry
    • Ross, D.S. The viability of a nonenzymatic reductive citric acid cycle—Kinetics and thermochemistry. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 2007, 37, 61–65.
    • (2007) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.37 , pp. 61-65
    • Ross, D.S.1
  • 174
    • 38949186487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implausibility of metabolic cycles on the prebiotic Earth
    • Orgel, L.E. The implausibility of metabolic cycles on the prebiotic Earth. PLoS Biol. 2008, 6, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060018.
    • (2008) Plos Biol , vol.6
    • Orgel, L.E.1
  • 175
    • 84857389009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of sparse metabolic networks
    • Copley, S.D.; Smith, E.; Morowitz, H.J. The emergence of sparse metabolic networks. J. Cosmol. 2010, 10, 3345–3361.
    • (2010) J. Cosmol. , vol.10 , pp. 3345-3361
    • Copley, S.D.1    Smith, E.2    Morowitz, H.J.3
  • 177
    • 0345304414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are there four letters in the genetic alphabet?
    • Szathmáry, E. Why are there four letters in the genetic alphabet? Nat. Rev. Genet. 2003, 4, 995–1001.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 995-1001
    • Szathmáry, E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.