메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 68, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 2675-2688

A method for assessing phylogenetic least squares models for shape and other high-dimensional multivariate data

Author keywords

Geometric morphometrics; Macroevolution; Morphological evolution; Phylogenetic comparative method

Indexed keywords

DATA SET; EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY; LEAST SQUARES METHOD; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; PHYLOGENETICS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; VARIANCE ANALYSIS;

EID: 84907996219     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: 15585646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/evo.12463     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (198)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 0031793708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf size, sapling allometry, and Corner's rules: phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples (Acer)
    • Ackerly, D. D., and M. J. Donoghue. 1998. Leaf size, sapling allometry, and Corner's rules: phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples (Acer). Am. Nat. 152:767-791.
    • (1998) Am. Nat. , vol.152 , pp. 767-791
    • Ackerly, D.D.1    Donoghue, M.J.2
  • 2
    • 0000594280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for shape analysis of landmark data from articulated structures
    • Adams, D. C. 1999. Methods for shape analysis of landmark data from articulated structures. Evol. Ecol. Res. 1:959-970.
    • (1999) Evol. Ecol. Res. , vol.1 , pp. 959-970
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 3
    • 34447097003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of Plethodon salamander communities: guildbased community assembly
    • Adams, D. C. 2007. Organization of Plethodon salamander communities: guildbased community assembly. Ecology 88:1292-1299.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 1292-1299
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 4
    • 77949431203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel evolution of character displacement driven by competitive selection in terrestrial salamanders
    • Adams, D. C. 2010. Parallel evolution of character displacement driven by competitive selection in terrestrial salamanders. BMC Evol. Biol. 10:1-10.
    • (2010) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 1-10
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 5
    • 80051678008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative genetics and evolution of head shape in Plethodon salamanders
    • Adams, D. C. 2011. Quantitative genetics and evolution of head shape in Plethodon salamanders. Evol. Biol. 38:278-286.
    • (2011) Evol. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 278-286
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 6
    • 84894514976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying and comparing phylogenetic evolutionary rates for shape and other high-dimensional phenotypic data
    • Adams, D. C. 2014a. Quantifying and comparing phylogenetic evolutionary rates for shape and other high-dimensional phenotypic data. Syst. Biol. 63:166-177.
    • (2014) Syst. Biol. , vol.63 , pp. 166-177
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 7
    • 84906267632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A generalized K statistic for estimating phylogenetic signal from shape and other high-dimensional multivariate data
    • Adams, D. C. 2014b. A generalized K statistic for estimating phylogenetic signal from shape and other high-dimensional multivariate data. Syst. Biol. 63. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syu030.
    • (2014) Syst. Biol. , vol.63
    • Adams, D.C.1
  • 8
    • 39749113143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphibians do not follow Bergmann's rule
    • Adams, D. C., and J. O. Church. 2008. Amphibians do not follow Bergmann's rule. Evolution 62:413-420.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 413-420
    • Adams, D.C.1    Church, J.O.2
  • 9
    • 79959304976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of large-scale body size clines in Plethodon: evidence of heat-balance or species-specific artifact?
    • Adams, D. C., and J. O. Church. 2011. The evolution of large-scale body size clines in Plethodon: evidence of heat-balance or species-specific artifact? Ecography 34:1067-1075.
    • (2011) Ecography , vol.34 , pp. 1067-1075
    • Adams, D.C.1    Church, J.O.2
  • 10
    • 84899621149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing phylogenetic morphological integration and trait covariation inmorphometric data using evolutionary covariance matrices
    • Adams, D. C., and R. Felice. 2014. Assessing phylogenetic morphological integration and trait covariation inmorphometric data using evolutionary covariance matrices. PLoS ONE 9:e94335.
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9
    • Adams, D.C.1    Felice, R.2
  • 11
    • 77954556330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetic convergence and evolution of foot morphology in European cave salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae)
    • Adams, D. C., and A. Nistri. 2010. Ontogenetic convergence and evolution of foot morphology in European cave salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae). BMC Evol. Biol. 10:1-10.
    • (2010) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 1-10
    • Adams, D.C.1    Nistri, A.2
  • 12
    • 84875761771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • geomorph: an R package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data.
    • Adams, D. C., and E. Otárola-Castillo. 2013. geomorph: an R package for the collection and analysis of geometric morphometric shape data. Methods Ecol. Evol. 4:393-399.
    • (2013) Methods Ecol. Evol. , vol.4 , pp. 393-399
    • Adams, D.C.1    Otárola-Castillo, E.2
  • 13
    • 33846975461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location-specific sympatric morphological divergence as a possible response to species interactions in West Virginia Plethodon salamander communities
    • Adams, D. C., M. E. West, and M. L. Collyer. 2007. Location-specific sympatric morphological divergence as a possible response to species interactions in West Virginia Plethodon salamander communities. J. Anim. Ecol. 76:289-295.
    • (2007) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.76 , pp. 289-295
    • Adams, D.C.1    West, M.E.2    Collyer, M.L.3
  • 14
    • 67650898630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are rates of species diversification correlated with rates of morphological evolution?
    • Adams, D. C., C. M. Berns, K. H. Kozak, and J. J. Wiens. 2009. Are rates of species diversification correlated with rates of morphological evolution? Proc. Royal Soc. B 276:2729-2738.
    • (2009) Proc. Royal Soc. B , vol.276 , pp. 2729-2738
    • Adams, D.C.1    Berns, C.M.2    Kozak, K.H.3    Wiens, J.J.4
  • 15
    • 78650902701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometrics and phylogenetics: principal components of shape from cranial modules are neither appropriate nor effective cladistic characters
    • Adams, D. C., A. Cardini, L. R.Monteiro, P. O'Higgins, and F. J. Rohlf. 2011. Morphometrics and phylogenetics: principal components of shape from cranial modules are neither appropriate nor effective cladistic characters. J. Hum. Evol. 60:240-243.
    • (2011) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.60 , pp. 240-243
    • Adams, D.C.1    Cardini, A.2    Monteiro, L.R.3    O'Higgins, P.4    Rohlf, F.J.5
  • 16
    • 84875767161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A field comes of age: geometric morphometrics in the 21st century
    • Adams, D. C., F. J. Rohlf, and D. E. Slice. 2013. A field comes of age: geometric morphometrics in the 21st century. Hystrix 24:7-14.
    • (2013) Hystrix , vol.24 , pp. 7-14
    • Adams, D.C.1    Rohlf, F.J.2    Slice, D.E.3
  • 17
    • 84906234768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geomorph: software for geometric morphometric analyses
    • R package version 2.0
    • Adams, D. C., E. Otárola-Castillo, and E. Sherratt. 2014. Geomorph: software for geometric morphometric analyses. R package version 2.0. Available at http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=geomorph.
    • (2014)
    • Adams, D.C.1    Otárola-Castillo, E.2    Sherratt, E.3
  • 18
    • 0002154022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance
    • Anderson, M. J. 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral. Ecol. 26:32-46.
    • (2001) Austral. Ecol. , vol.26 , pp. 32-46
    • Anderson, M.J.1
  • 19
    • 34547209154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioclimatic modelling, morphology, and behaviour reveal alternative mechanisms regulating the distributions of two parapatric salamander species Evol
    • Arif, S., D. C. Adams, and J. A. Wicknick. 2007. Bioclimatic modelling, morphology, and behaviour reveal alternative mechanisms regulating the distributions of two parapatric salamander species Evol. Ecol. Res. 9:843-854.
    • (2007) Ecol. Res. , vol.9 , pp. 843-854
    • Arif, S.1    Adams, D.C.2    Wicknick, J.A.3
  • 20
  • 21
    • 84864320749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling stabilizing selection: expanding the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model of adaptive evolution
    • Beaulieu, J.M., D.-C. Jhwueng, C. Boettiger, and B. C. O'Meara. 2012. Modeling stabilizing selection: expanding the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model of adaptive evolution. Evolution 66:2369-2383.
    • (2012) Evolution , vol.66 , pp. 2369-2383
    • Beaulieu, J.M.1    Jhwueng, D.-C.2    Boettiger, C.3    O'Meara, B.C.4
  • 22
    • 58249101133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directional evolution of stockiness coevolves with ecology and locomotion in lizards
    • Bergmann, P. J., J. J.Meyers, and D. J. Irschick. 2009. Directional evolution of stockiness coevolves with ecology and locomotion in lizards. Evolution 63:215-227.
    • (2009) Evolution , vol.63 , pp. 215-227
    • Bergmann, P.J.1    Meyers, J.J.2    Irschick, D.J.3
  • 23
    • 84858339140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological radiation with limited morphological diversification in salamanders
    • Blankers, T., D. C. Adams, and J. J. Wiens. 2012. Ecological radiation with limited morphological diversification in salamanders. J. Evol. Biol. 25:634-646.
    • (2012) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.25 , pp. 634-646
    • Blankers, T.1    Adams, D.C.2    Wiens, J.J.3
  • 24
    • 0038325772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for phylogenetic signal in comparative data: behavioral traits are more labile
    • Blomberg, S. P., T. Garland, and A. R. Ives. 2003. Testing for phylogenetic signal in comparative data: behavioral traits are more labile. Evolution 57:717-745.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 717-745
    • Blomberg, S.P.1    Garland, T.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 25
    • 84860176456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent contrasts and PGLS regression estimators are equivalent
    • Blomberg, S. P., J. G. Lefevre, J. A. Wells, and M. Waterhouse. 2012. Independent contrasts and PGLS regression estimators are equivalent. Syst. Biol. 61:382-391.
    • (2012) Syst. Biol. , vol.61 , pp. 382-391
    • Blomberg, S.P.1    Lefevre, J.G.2    Wells, J.A.3    Waterhouse, M.4
  • 26
    • 0003597817 scopus 로고
    • Morphometric tools for landmark data: geometry and biology
    • Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
    • Bookstein, F. L. 1991. Morphometric tools for landmark data: geometry and biology. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
    • (1991)
    • Bookstein, F.L.1
  • 27
    • 84872155696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Random walk as a null model for high-dimensional morphometrics of fossil series: geometrical considerations
    • Bookstein, F. L. 2013. Random walk as a null model for high-dimensional morphometrics of fossil series: geometrical considerations. Paleobiology 39:52-74.
    • (2013) Paleobiology , vol.39 , pp. 52-74
    • Bookstein, F.L.1
  • 28
    • 0037307376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cranial integration in Homo: singular warps analysis of the midsagittal plane in ontogeny and evolution
    • Bookstein, F. L., P. Gunz, P. Mitteroecker, H. Prossinger, K. Schaefer, and H. Seidler. 2003. Cranial integration in Homo: singular warps analysis of the midsagittal plane in ontogeny and evolution. J. Hum. Evol. 44:167-187.
    • (2003) J. Hum. Evol. , vol.44 , pp. 167-187
    • Bookstein, F.L.1    Gunz, P.2    Mitteroecker, P.3    Prossinger, H.4    Schaefer, K.5    Seidler, H.6
  • 29
    • 84855860796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of cranial form and function in theropod dinosaurs: insights from geometric morphometrics
    • Brusatte, S. L., M. Sakamoto, S. Montanari, and E. H. Harcourt-Smith. 2012. The evolution of cranial form and function in theropod dinosaurs: insights from geometric morphometrics. J. Evol. Biol. 25:365-377.
    • (2012) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.25 , pp. 365-377
    • Brusatte, S.L.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Montanari, S.3    Harcourt-Smith, E.H.4
  • 30
    • 11944264347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic comparative analysis: a modeling approach for adaptive evolution
    • Butler, M. A., and A. A. King. 2004. Phylogenetic comparative analysis: a modeling approach for adaptive evolution. Am. Nat. 164:683-695.
    • (2004) Am. Nat. , vol.164 , pp. 683-695
    • Butler, M.A.1    King, A.A.2
  • 31
    • 0034108793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between sexual size dimorphism and habitat use in Greater Antillean Anolis lizards
    • Butler, M. A., T.W. Schoener, and J. B. Losos. 2000. The relationship between sexual size dimorphism and habitat use in Greater Antillean Anolis lizards. Evolution 54:259-272.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 259-272
    • Butler, M.A.1    Schoener, T.W.2    Losos, J.B.3
  • 32
    • 85028101662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Larger mammals have longer faces because of size-related constraints on skull form
    • Cardini, A., and P. D. Polly. 2013. Larger mammals have longer faces because of size-related constraints on skull form. Nature Comm. 2458:1-7.
    • (2013) Nature Comm. , vol.2458 , pp. 1-7
    • Cardini, A.1    Polly, P.D.2
  • 33
    • 0022210656 scopus 로고
    • The quantitative assessment of phylogenetic constraints in comparative analyses: sexual dimorphism in body weight in primates
    • Cheverud, J. M., M. M. Dow, and W. Leutenegger. 1985. The quantitative assessment of phylogenetic constraints in comparative analyses: sexual dimorphism in body weight in primates. Evolution 39:1335-1351.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 1335-1351
    • Cheverud, J.M.1    Dow, M.M.2    Leutenegger, W.3
  • 34
    • 77955144822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat use affects morphological diversification in dragon lizards
    • Collar, D. C., J. A. Schulte II, B. C. O'Meara, and J. B. Losos. 2010. Habitat use affects morphological diversification in dragon lizards. J. Evol. Biol. 23:1033-1049.
    • (2010) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 1033-1049
    • Collar, D.C.1    Schulte II, J.A.2    O'Meara, B.C.3    Losos, J.B.4
  • 35
    • 84862764044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian models for comparative analysis integrating phylogenetic uncertainty
    • de Villemereuil, P., J. A. Wells, R. D. Edwards, and S. P. Blomberg. 2012. Bayesian models for comparative analysis integrating phylogenetic uncertainty. BMC Evol. Biol. 12:1-16.
    • (2012) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 1-16
    • de Villemereuil, P.1    Wells, J.A.2    Edwards, R.D.3    Blomberg, S.P.4
  • 36
    • 84873546969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex species interactions lead to unpredictable outcomes in Plethodon
    • Deitloff, J., J. D. Petersen, and D. C. Adams. 2013. Complex species interactions lead to unpredictable outcomes in Plethodon. Herpetologica 62:1-10.
    • (2013) Herpetologica , vol.62 , pp. 1-10
    • Deitloff, J.1    Petersen, J.D.2    Adams, D.C.3
  • 37
    • 3643135272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An eigenvector method for estimating phylogenetic inertia
    • Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., C. E. R. Sant'Ana, and L. Bini. 1998. An eigenvector method for estimating phylogenetic inertia. Evolution 52:1247-1262.
    • (1998) Evolution , vol.52 , pp. 1247-1262
    • Diniz-Filho, J.A.F.1    Sant'Ana, C.E.R.2    Bini, L.3
  • 38
    • 0015808083 scopus 로고
    • Maximum-likelihood estimation of evolutionary trees from continuous characters
    • Felsenstein, J. 1973. Maximum-likelihood estimation of evolutionary trees from continuous characters. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 25:471-492.
    • (1973) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.25 , pp. 471-492
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 39
    • 0022203256 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and the comparative method
    • Felsenstein, J. 1985. Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am. Nat. 125:1-15.
    • (1985) Am. Nat. , vol.125 , pp. 1-15
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 40
    • 0024181337 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and quantitative characters
    • Felsenstein, J. 1988. Phylogenies and quantitative characters. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19:445-471.
    • (1988) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.19 , pp. 445-471
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 41
    • 0003991673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferring phylogenies
    • Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA
    • Felsenstein, J. 2004. Inferring phylogenies. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
    • (2004)
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 42
    • 11944256302 scopus 로고
    • Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phylogenetically independent contrasts
    • Garland, T., P. H. Harvey, and A. R. Ives. 1992. Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Syst. Biol. 41:18-32.
    • (1992) Syst. Biol. , vol.41 , pp. 18-32
    • Garland, T.1    Harvey, P.H.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 43
    • 0034001912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using the past to predict the present: confidence intervals for regression equations in phylogenetic comparative methods
    • Garland, T. J., and A. R. Ives. 2000. Using the past to predict the present: confidence intervals for regression equations in phylogenetic comparative methods. Am. Nat. 155:346-364.
    • (2000) Am. Nat. , vol.155 , pp. 346-364
    • Garland, T.J.1    Ives, A.R.2
  • 44
    • 0000142472 scopus 로고
    • Procrustes methods in the statistical analysis of shape (with discussion and rejoinder)
    • Goodall, C. R. 1991. Procrustes methods in the statistical analysis of shape (with discussion and rejoinder). J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B. 53:285-339.
    • (1991) J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B. , vol.53 , pp. 285-339
    • Goodall, C.R.1
  • 45
    • 0013966054 scopus 로고
    • Allometry and size in ontogeny and evolution
    • Gould, S. J. 1966. Allometry and size in ontogeny and evolution. Biol. Rev. 41:587-640.
    • (1966) Biol. Rev. , vol.41 , pp. 587-640
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 46
    • 0000071395 scopus 로고
    • Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis
    • Gower, J. C. 1966. Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53:325-338.
    • (1966) Biometrika , vol.53 , pp. 325-338
    • Gower, J.C.1
  • 48
    • 0042069653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of phylogeny on interspecific body shape variation in darters (Pisces: Percidae)
    • Guill, J. M., D. C. Heins, and C. S. Hood. 2003. The effect of phylogeny on interspecific body shape variation in darters (Pisces: Percidae). Syst. Biol. 52:488-500.
    • (2003) Syst. Biol. , vol.52 , pp. 488-500
    • Guill, J.M.1    Heins, D.C.2    Hood, C.S.3
  • 49
    • 84870778754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary relationships among robust and gracile australopiths: an "evodevo" perspective
    • Gunz, P. 2012. Evolutionary relationships among robust and gracile australopiths: an "evodevo" perspective. Evol. Biol. 39:472-487.
    • (2012) Evol. Biol. , vol.39 , pp. 472-487
    • Gunz, P.1
  • 50
    • 0029660868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating between microevolutionary process and macroevolutionary patterns: the correlation structure of interspecific data
    • Hansen, T. F., and E. P. Martins. 1996. Translating between microevolutionary process and macroevolutionary patterns: the correlation structure of interspecific data. Evolution 50:1404-1417.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 1404-1417
    • Hansen, T.F.1    Martins, E.P.2
  • 52
    • 0003647239 scopus 로고
    • The comparative method in evolutionary biology
    • Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K
    • Harvey, P. H., and M.D. Pagel. 1991. The comparative method in evolutionary biology. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K.
    • (1991)
    • Harvey, P.H.1    Pagel, M.D.2
  • 53
    • 0011882577 scopus 로고
    • Rao's paradox concerning multivariate tests of significance
    • Healy, M. J. R. 1969. Rao's paradox concerning multivariate tests of significance. Biometrics 25:411-413.
    • (1969) Biometrics , vol.25 , pp. 411-413
    • Healy, M.J.R.1
  • 54
    • 0028995995 scopus 로고
    • Speciation in eastern North American salamanders of the genus Plethodon
    • Highton, R. 1995. Speciation in eastern North American salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 26:579-600.
    • (1995) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.26 , pp. 579-600
    • Highton, R.1
  • 55
    • 77950800361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing and quantifying phylogenetic signals and homoplasy in morphometric data
    • Klingenberg, C. P., and N. A. Gidaszewski. 2010. Testing and quantifying phylogenetic signals and homoplasy in morphometric data. Syst. Biol. 59:245-261.
    • (2010) Syst. Biol. , vol.59 , pp. 245-261
    • Klingenberg, C.P.1    Gidaszewski, N.A.2
  • 56
    • 84877814267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary covaration in geometric morphometric data: analyzing integration, modularity, and allometry in a phylogenetic context
    • Klingenberg, C. P., and J. Marugán-Lobón. 2013. Evolutionary covaration in geometric morphometric data: analyzing integration, modularity, and allometry in a phylogenetic context. Syst. Biol. 62:591-610.
    • (2013) Syst. Biol. , vol.62 , pp. 591-610
    • Klingenberg, C.P.1    Marugán-Lobón, J.2
  • 57
    • 0003900252 scopus 로고
    • Principles of multivariate analysis
    • Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K
    • Krzanowksi, W. J. 1993. Principles of multivariate analysis. Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.
    • (1993)
    • Krzanowksi, W.J.1
  • 58
    • 82555168538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene climate, phylogeny, and climate envelope models: an integrative approach to better understand species' response to climate change
    • Lawing, A. M., and P. D. Polly. 2011. Pleistocene climate, phylogeny, and climate envelope models: an integrative approach to better understand species' response to climate change. PLoS ONE 16:e28554.
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.16
    • Lawing, A.M.1    Polly, P.D.2
  • 59
    • 0004170691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical ecology
    • Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Legendre, P., and L. Legendre. 1998. Numerical ecology. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (1998)
    • Legendre, P.1    Legendre, L.2
  • 60
    • 0025597475 scopus 로고
    • Ecomorphology, performance capability, and scaling of West Indian Anolis lizards: an evolutionary analysis
    • Losos, J. B. 1990. Ecomorphology, performance capability, and scaling of West Indian Anolis lizards: an evolutionary analysis. Ecol. Monogr. 60:369-388.
    • (1990) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.60 , pp. 369-388
    • Losos, J.B.1
  • 61
    • 32044472881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic polymorphism in a terrestrial salamander
    • Maerz, J. C., E. M. Myers, and D. C. Adams. 2006. Trophic polymorphism in a terrestrial salamander. Evol. Ecol. Res. 8:23-35.
    • (2006) Evol. Ecol. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 23-35
    • Maerz, J.C.1    Myers, E.M.2    Adams, D.C.3
  • 62
    • 0030619995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and the comparative method: a general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data
    • Martins, E. P., and T. F. Hansen. 1997. Phylogenies and the comparative method: a general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data. Am. Nat. 149:646-667.
    • (1997) Am. Nat. , vol.149 , pp. 646-667
    • Martins, E.P.1    Hansen, T.F.2
  • 63
    • 0035133496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis
    • McArdle, B. H., and M. J. Anderson. 2001. Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis. Ecology 82:290-297.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 290-297
    • McArdle, B.H.1    Anderson, M.J.2
  • 64
    • 42549107026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tempo and mode of three-dimensional morphological evolution in male reproductive structures
    • McPeek, M. A., L. Shen, J. Z. Torrey, and H. Farid. 2008. The tempo and mode of three-dimensional morphological evolution in male reproductive structures. Am. Nat. 171:E158-E178.
    • (2008) Am. Nat. , vol.171 , pp. E158-E178
    • McPeek, M.A.1    Shen, L.2    Torrey, J.Z.3    Farid, H.4
  • 65
  • 66
    • 84879137973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A brief review of shape, form, and allometry in geometric morphometrics, with applications to human facial morphology
    • Mitteroecker, P., P. Gunz, S. Windhager, and K. Schaefer. 2013. A brief review of shape, form, and allometry in geometric morphometrics, with applications to human facial morphology. Hystrix 24:59-66.
    • (2013) Hystrix , vol.24 , pp. 59-66
    • Mitteroecker, P.1    Gunz, P.2    Windhager, S.3    Schaefer, K.4
  • 67
    • 84874895661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometrics and the comparative method: studying the evolution of biological shape
    • Monteiro, L. R. 2013. Morphometrics and the comparative method: studying the evolution of biological shape. Hystrix 24:25-32.
    • (2013) Hystrix , vol.24 , pp. 25-32
    • Monteiro, L.R.1
  • 68
    • 77949881045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive radiations, ecological specialization, and the evolutionary integration of complex morphological structures
    • Monteiro, L. R., and M. R. Nogueira. 2010. Adaptive radiations, ecological specialization, and the evolutionary integration of complex morphological structures. Evolution 64:724-744.
    • (2010) Evolution , vol.64 , pp. 724-744
    • Monteiro, L.R.1    Nogueira, M.R.2
  • 69
    • 79956188397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary patterns and processes in the radiation of phyllostomid bats
    • Monteiro, L. R., and M. R. Nogueira. 2011. Evolutionary patterns and processes in the radiation of phyllostomid bats. BMC Evol. Biol. 11:1-23.
    • (2011) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 1-23
    • Monteiro, L.R.1    Nogueira, M.R.2
  • 70
    • 84950615442 scopus 로고
    • Size allometry: Size and shape variables with characterizations of the lognormal and generalized gamma distributions
    • Mosimann, J. E. 1970. Size allometry: Size and shape variables with characterizations of the lognormal and generalized gamma distributions. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 65:930-945.
    • (1970) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.65 , pp. 930-945
    • Mosimann, J.E.1
  • 71
    • 57349194243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology is decoupled from interspecific competition in Plethodon salamanders in the Shenandoah Mountains
    • Myers, E. M., and D. C. Adams. 2008. Morphology is decoupled from interspecific competition in Plethodon salamanders in the Shenandoah Mountains. Herpetologica 64:281-289.
    • (2008) Herpetologica , vol.64 , pp. 281-289
    • Myers, E.M.1    Adams, D.C.2
  • 72
    • 67649661668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological correlates of bite force and diet in the skull and mandible of phyllostomid bats
    • Nogueira, M. R., A. L. Peracchi, and L. R. Monteiro. 2009. Morphological correlates of bite force and diet in the skull and mandible of phyllostomid bats. Func. Ecol. 23:715-723.
    • (2009) Func. Ecol. , vol.23 , pp. 715-723
    • Nogueira, M.R.1    Peracchi, A.L.2    Monteiro, L.R.3
  • 73
    • 84919348797 scopus 로고
    • Comparative robustness of six tests in multivariate analysis of variance
    • Olson, C. L. 1974. Comparative robustness of six tests in multivariate analysis of variance. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 69:894-908.
    • (1974) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.69 , pp. 894-908
    • Olson, C.L.1
  • 74
    • 84878110424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of wing shape in ornamented-winged damselflies
    • Outomuro, D., D. C. Adams, and F. Johansson. 2013a. Evolution of wing shape in ornamented-winged damselflies. Evol. Biol. 40:300-309.
    • (2013) Evol. Biol. , vol.40 , pp. 300-309
    • Outomuro, D.1    Adams, D.C.2    Johansson, F.3
  • 75
    • 85028127559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wing shape allometry and aerodynamics in calopterygid damselflies: a comparative approach
    • Outomuro, D. 2013b. Wing shape allometry and aerodynamics in calopterygid damselflies: a comparative approach. BMC Evol. Biol. 13:1-11.
    • (2013) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 1-11
    • Outomuro, D.1
  • 76
    • 84879308395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative view of phylogenetic comparative methods: connections to population genetics, community ecology, and paleobiology
    • Pennell, M. W., and L. J. Harmon. 2013. An integrative view of phylogenetic comparative methods: connections to population genetics, community ecology, and paleobiology. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1289:90-105.
    • (2013) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1289 , pp. 90-105
    • Pennell, M.W.1    Harmon, L.J.2
  • 77
    • 78049478604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Gavialis-Tomistoma debate: the contribution of skull ontogenetic allometry and growth trajectories to the study of crocodylian relationships
    • Piras, P., P. Colangelo, D. C. Adams, A. Buscalioni, J. Cubo, T. Kotsakis, C. Meloro, and P. Raia. 2010. The Gavialis-Tomistoma debate: the contribution of skull ontogenetic allometry and growth trajectories to the study of crocodylian relationships. Evol. Develop. 12:568-579.
    • (2010) Evol. Develop. , vol.12 , pp. 568-579
    • Piras, P.1    Colangelo, P.2    Adams, D.C.3    Buscalioni, A.4    Cubo, J.5    Kotsakis, T.6    Meloro, C.7    Raia, P.8
  • 78
    • 84886077159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bite of the cats: relationships between functional integration and mechanical performance as revealed by mandible geometry
    • Piras, P., L.Maiorino, L. Teresi, C.Meloro, F. Lucci, T. Kotsakis, and P. Raia. 2013. Bite of the cats: relationships between functional integration and mechanical performance as revealed by mandible geometry. Syst. Biol. 62:878-900.
    • (2013) Syst. Biol. , vol.62 , pp. 878-900
    • Piras, P.1    Maiorino, L.2    Teresi, L.3    Meloro, C.4    Lucci, F.5    Kotsakis, T.6    Raia, P.7
  • 79
    • 84874927293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic principal components analysis and geometric morphometrics
    • Polly, P. D., A. M. Lawing, A.-C. Fabre, and A. Goswami. 2013. Phylogenetic principal components analysis and geometric morphometrics. Hystrix 24:1-9.
    • (2013) Hystrix , vol.24 , pp. 1-9
    • Polly, P.D.1    Lawing, A.M.2    Fabre, A.-C.3    Goswami, A.4
  • 80
    • 84964927929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 3.0.2
    • R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available at
    • R Development Core Team. 2014. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 3.0.2. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available at http://cran.R-project.org.
    • (2014)
  • 81
    • 0001940268 scopus 로고
    • Covariance adjustmenit and related problems in multivariate analysis
    • P. R. Krishnaiah, ed, Academic Press, New York
    • Rao, C. R. 1966. Covariance adjustmenit and related problems in multivariate analysis. Pp. 87-103 in P. R. Krishnaiah, ed. Multivariate analysis. Academic Press, New York.
    • (1966) Multivariate analysis , pp. 87-103
    • Rao, C.R.1
  • 82
    • 0004252391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of multivariate analysis
    • John Wiley&Sons, Hoboken, NJ
    • Rencher, A. C., and W. F. Christensen. 2012. Methods of multivariate analysis. John Wiley&Sons, Hoboken, NJ.
    • (2012)
    • Rencher, A.C.1    Christensen, W.F.2
  • 83
    • 78650722302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic signal and linear regression on species data
    • Revell, L. J. 2010. Phylogenetic signal and linear regression on species data. Methods Ecol. Evol. 1:319-329.
    • (2010) Methods Ecol. Evol. , vol.1 , pp. 319-329
    • Revell, L.J.1
  • 84
    • 66249102409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic signal, evolutionary process, and rate
    • Revell, L. J., L. J. Harmon, and D. C. Collar. 2008. Phylogenetic signal, evolutionary process, and rate. Syst. Biol. 57:591-601.
    • (2008) Syst. Biol. , vol.57 , pp. 591-601
    • Revell, L.J.1    Harmon, L.J.2    Collar, D.C.3
  • 85
    • 0035685482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative methods for the analysis of continuous variables: geometric interpretations
    • Rohlf, F. J. 2001. Comparative methods for the analysis of continuous variables: geometric interpretations. Evolution 55:2143-2160.
    • (2001) Evolution , vol.55 , pp. 2143-2160
    • Rohlf, F.J.1
  • 86
    • 84860428591 scopus 로고
    • Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks
    • Rohlf, F. J., and D. E. Slice. 1990. Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks. Syst. Zool. 39:40-59.
    • (1990) Syst. Zool. , vol.39 , pp. 40-59
    • Rohlf, F.J.1    Slice, D.E.2
  • 87
    • 0035058634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary convergence of body shape and trophicmorphology in cichlids from Lake Tanganyika
    • Rüber, L., and D. C. Adams. 2001. Evolutionary convergence of body shape and trophicmorphology in cichlids from Lake Tanganyika. J. Evol. Biol. 14:325-332.
    • (2001) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 325-332
    • Rüber, L.1    Adams, D.C.2
  • 88
    • 0000335620 scopus 로고
    • Developmental correlates of genome size in plethodontid salamanders and their implications for genome evolution
    • Sessions, S. K., and A. Larson. 1987. Developmental correlates of genome size in plethodontid salamanders and their implications for genome evolution. Evolution 41:1239-1251.
    • (1987) Evolution , vol.41 , pp. 1239-1251
    • Sessions, S.K.1    Larson, A.2
  • 89
    • 57249105410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous and arrested morphological diversification in sister clades of characiform fishes: a phylomorphospace approach
    • Sidlauskas, B. 2008. Continuous and arrested morphological diversification in sister clades of characiform fishes: a phylomorphospace approach. Evolution 62:3135-3156.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 3135-3156
    • Sidlauskas, B.1
  • 90
    • 0000709558 scopus 로고
    • Power of the multivariate analysis of variance tests
    • Stevens, J. P. 1980. Power of the multivariate analysis of variance tests. Psych. Bull. 88:728-737.
    • (1980) Psych. Bull. , vol.88 , pp. 728-737
    • Stevens, J.P.1
  • 92
    • 33846877190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid diversification, incomplete isolation, and the 'speciation clock' in North American salamanders (genus: Plethodon): testing the hybrid swarm hypothesis of rapid radiation
    • Wiens, J. J., T. N. Engstrom, and P. T. Chippendale. 2006. Rapid diversification, incomplete isolation, and the 'speciation clock' in North American salamanders (genus: Plethodon): testing the hybrid swarm hypothesis of rapid radiation. Evolution 60:2585-2603.
    • (2006) Evolution , vol.60 , pp. 2585-2603
    • Wiens, J.J.1    Engstrom, T.N.2    Chippendale, P.T.3
  • 93
    • 33845900991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate regression analysis of distance matrices for testing associations between gene expression patterns and relative variables
    • Zapala, M. A., and N. J. Schork. 2006. Multivariate regression analysis of distance matrices for testing associations between gene expression patterns and relative variables. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:19430-19435.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 19430-19435
    • Zapala, M.A.1    Schork, N.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.