Ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with fatty liver and the clinical impact of steatotic liver on hepatic surgery

Surgery Today

Volumn 44, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 1611-1625

  Tashiro, Hirotaka ^a   Kuroda, Shintaro ^a   Mikuriya, Yoshihiro ^a   Ohdan, Hideki ^a  

^a HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Japan)

Author keywords

Ischemia reperfusion injury; Rho kinase; Steatotic liver

Indexed keywords

DEVELOPED COUNTRY; DISORDERS OF MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONS; FATTY LIVER; HUMAN; LIVER PERFUSION; LIVER SURGERY; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MORBIDITY; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; OBESITY; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; REPERFUSION INJURY; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SURGICAL MORTALITY; SURGICAL RISK; COMPLICATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; LIVER RESECTION; MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES; MORTALITY; PHYSIOLOGY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK;

PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; RHO KINASE;

DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; FATTY LIVER; HEPATECTOMY; HUMANS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES; MORBIDITY; OBESITY; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; REPERFUSION INJURY; RHO-ASSOCIATED KINASES; RISK; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 84906330255     PISSN: 09411291     EISSN: 14362813     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00595-013-0736-9     Document Type: Review

References (115)

1. Kleiner DE, Brunt EM, Natta MV, Behling C, Contos MJ, Cummings OW, et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2005;41:1313-21. (Pubitemid 40770284)
2. Szczepaniak LS, Nurenberg P, Leonard D, Browning JD, Reingold JS, Grundy S, et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2005;288:E462-8. (Pubitemid 40110657)
3. Chittu S, Farrell GC, Hashimoto E, Saibara T, Lau GK, Sollano JD. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region: definitions and overview of proposed guidelines. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22:778-87. (Pubitemid 46915352)
4. Amarapurkar DN, Hashimoto E, Lesmana LA, Sollano JD, Chen PJ, Goh KL. How common is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region and are there local differences? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22:788-93. (Pubitemid 46911047)
5. Petrowsky H, McCormack L, Trujillo M, Selzner M, Jochum W, Clavian PA. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing intermittent portal triad clamping versus ischemic preconditioning with continuous clamping for major liver resection. Ann Surg. 2006;244:921-8. (Pubitemid 44808626)
6. Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2006;12(523-534):5.
7. McCormack L, Petrowsky H, Jochum W, Furrer K, Clavien PA. Hepatic steatosis is a risk factor for postoperative complications after major hepatectomy: a matched case-control study. Ann Surg. 2007;245:923-30. (Pubitemid 46809294)
8. Gomez D, Malik HZ, Bonney GK, Wong V, Toogood GJ, Lodge JP, et al. Steatosis predicts postoperative morbidity following hepatic resection for colorectal metastasis. Br J Surg. 2007;94:1395-402. (Pubitemid 350144389)
9. Trevisani F, Colantoni A, Caraceni P, Van Thiel DH. The use of donor fatty liver for liver transplantation: a challenge or a quagmire? J Hepatol. 1996;24:114-21. (Pubitemid 26035984)
10. Hui AM, Kawasaki S, Makuuchi M, Nakayama J, Ikegami T, Miyagawa S. Liver injury following normothermic ischemia in steatotic rat liver. Hepatology. 1994;20:1287-93. (Pubitemid 24323579)
11. Wada K, Fujimoto K, Fujikawa Y, Shibayama Y, Mitsui H, Nakata K. Sinusoidal stenosis as the cause of portal hypertension in choline deficient diet induced fatty cirrhosis of the rat liver. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1974;24:207-17.
12. Caraceni P, Ryu HS, Subbotin V, De Maria N, Colantoni A, Roberts L, et al. Rat hepatocytes isolated from alcohol-induced fatty liver have an increased sensitivity to anoxic injury. Hepatology. 1997;25:943-9. (Pubitemid 27157139)
13. Nanashima A, Abo T, Hamasaki K, Wakata K, Kunizaki M, Tou K, et al. Predictors of intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Surg Today. 2013;43:485-93.
14. Lentsch A, kato A, Yoshidome H, McMasters K, Edwards M. Inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Hepatology. 2000;32:169-73. (Pubitemid 30614647)
15. Selzner M, Rudiger HA, Sindram D, Madden J, Clavien PA. Mechanisms of ischemic injury are different in the steatotic and normal rat liver. Hepatology. 2000;32:1280-8.
16. Malhi H, Gores G, Lemasters JJ. Apoptosis and necrosis in the liver: a tale of two deaths? Hepatology. 2006;43:S31-44.
17. Selzner N, Selzner M, Jochum W, Amann-Vesti B, Graf R, Clavien PA. Mouse livers with macrosteatosis are more susceptible to normothermic ischemic injury than those with microsteatosis. J Hepatol. 2006;44:694-701.
18. Vetelaninen R, Van Vliet A, Gouma DJ, Van Gulik TM. Steatosis as a risk factor in liver surgery. Ann Surg. 2007;245:20-30. (Pubitemid 46035431)
19. Caraceni P, Bianchi C, Domenicali M, Pertosa AM, Maiolini E, Parenti G, et al. Impairment of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in rat fatty liver exposed to preservation-reperfusion injury. J Hepatol. 2004;41:82-8. (Pubitemid 39005157)
20. Echtay K, Winkler E, Frischmuth K, Klingenberg M. Uncoupling protein 2 and 3 are highly active H+ transporters and highly nucleotide sensitive when activated by coenzyme Q (ubiquinone). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98:1416-21. (Pubitemid 32165513)
21. Echtay K, Roussel D, St-Pierre J, Jekabsons MB, Cadenas S, Stuart JA, et al. Nature. 2002;415:96-9.
22. Cortez-Pinto H, Lin HZ, Yang SQ, Costa SOD, Diehl AM. Lipids up-regulate uncoupling protein 2 expression in rat hepatocytes. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:1184-93. (Pubitemid 29203029)
23. Rashid A, Wu TC, Huang CC, Chen CH, Lin HZ, Yang SQ, et al. Mitochondrial proteins that regulate apoptosis and necrosis are induced in mouse fatty liver. Hepatology. 1999;29:1131-8. (Pubitemid 29168747)
24. Chavin KD, Yang SQ, Lin HZ, Chatham J, Chacko VP, Hoek JB, et al. Obesity induces expression of uncoupling protein-2 in hepatocytes and promotes liver ATP depletion. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:5692-700. (Pubitemid 29109222)
25. Evans ZP, Ellett JD, Schmit MG, Schnellmann RG, Chavin KD. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 mediates steatotic liver injury following ischemia/reperfusion. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:8573-9.
26. Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Tamborra R, Rollo T, Capitanio N, Romano AD, et al. Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) induces mitochondrial proton leak and increases susceptibility of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) liver to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Gut. 2008;57:957-65. (Pubitemid 351919530)
27. Chavin KD, Fiorini RN, Shafizadeh S, Cheng G, Wan C, Evans Z, et al. Fatty acid synthase blockade protects steatotic livers from warm ischemia reperfusion injury and transplantation. Am J Transpl. 2004;4:1440-7. (Pubitemid 39159058)
28. Fiorini RN, Donovan JL, Rodwell D, Evans Z, Cheng G, May HD, et al. Short-term administration of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate reduces hepatic steatosis and protects against warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in steatotic mice. Liver Transpl. 2005;11:298-308. (Pubitemid 40458402)
29. Tolba RH, Putz U, Decker D, Dombrowski F, Lauschke H. L-Carnitine ameliorates abnormal vulnerability of steatotic rat livers to cold ischemic preservation. Transplantation. 2003;76:1681-6. (Pubitemid 38032413)
30. Dara L, Ji C, Kaplowitz N. The contribution of endoplasmic reticulum stress to liver diseases. Hepatology. 2011;53:1752-63.
31. Tiriveedhi V, Conzen KD, Lian-Conlin JL, Upadhya G, Malone J, Townsend RR, et al. The role of molecular chaperons in warm ischemia and reperfusion injury in the steatotic liver: a proteomic study. BMC Biochem. 2012;13:17-26.
32. Mosbah IB, Alfany-Fernandez I, Martel C, Zaouali MA, Bintanel-Morcillo M, Rimola A, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition protects steatotic and non-steatotic livers in partial hepatectomy under ischemia-reperfusion. Cell Death Dis. 2010;1:e52.
33. Anderson CD, Upadhya G, Conzen KD, Jia J, Brunt EM, Tiriveedhi V, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is a mediator of posttransplant injury in severely steatotic liver allografts. Liver Transpl. 2011;17:189-200.
34. Elias-Miro M, Jimenez-Castro MB, Mendes-Braz M, Casillas-Ramirez A, Peralta C. The current knowledge of the role of PPAR in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. PPAR Res. 2012;2012:802384.
35. Pettinelli P, del Pozo T, Araya J, Rodrigo R, Araya AV, Smok G, et al. Enhancement in liver SREBP-1c/PPAR-α ratio and steatosis in obese patients: correlations with insulin resistance and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009;1792:1080-6.
36. Pettineli O, Videla LA. Up-regulation of PPAR-γ mRNA expression in the liver of obese patients: an additional reinforcing lipogenic mechanism to SREBP-1c induction. J Clin Endocrin Metabol. 2011;96:1424-30.
37. Teoh NC, Williams J, Hartley J, Yu J, McCuskey RS, Farrell GC. Short-term therapy with peroxisome proliferation-activator receptor-α agonist wy-14,643 protects murine fatty liver agonist ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hepatology. 2010;51:996-1006.
38. Massip-Salcedo M, Zaouali MA, Padrissa-Altes S, Casillas-Ramirez A, Rodes J, Rosello-Catafau J, et al. Activation of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-ainhibits the injurious effects of adiponectin in rat steatotic liver undergoing ischemia-reperfusion. Hepatology. 2008;47:461-72. (Pubitemid 351280714)
39. Elias-Miro M, Massip-Salcedo M, Jimenez-Castro M, Peralta C. Does adiponectin benefit steatotic liver transplantation? Liver Transpl. 2011;17:993-1004.
40. Mosbath IB, Rosello-Catafau J, Franco-Gou R, Abdennebi HB, Saidane D, Ramella-Virieux S, et al. Preservation of steatotic livers in IGL-1 solution. Liver Transpl. 2006;12:1215-23. (Pubitemid 44194589)
41. Zaouali MA, Reiter RJ, Padrissa-Altes S, Boncompagni E, Garcia JJ, Ben Abnennebi H, et al. Melatonin protects steatotic and nonsteatotic liver grafts against cold ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Pineal Res. 2011;50:213-21.
42. Man K, Zhao Y, Xu A, Lo CM, Lam KSL, Ng KT, et al. Fat-derived hormone adiponectin combined with FTY720 significantly improves small-for-size fatty liver graft survival. Am J Transpl. 2006;6:467-76. (Pubitemid 43382132)
43. Elias-Miro M, Massip-Salcedo M, Jimenez-Castro M, Peralta C. Does adiponectin benefit steatotic liver transplantation? Liver Transpl. 2011;17:993-1004.
44. Casillas-Ramirez A, Amine-Zaouali M, Massip-Salcedo M, Padrissa-Altes S, Bintanel-Morcillo M, Ramalho F, et al. Inhibition of angiotensin II action protects rat steatotic livers against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:1256-66. (Pubitemid 351482676)
45. Casillas-Ramirez A, Zaouali A, Padrissa-Altes S, Ben MI, Pertosa A, Alfany-Fernandez I, et al. Insulin-like growth factor and epidermal growth factor tretament: new approaches to protecting ateatotic livers against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Endocrinology. 2009;150:3153-61.
46. Casillas-Ramirez A, Alfany-Fernandez I, Massip-Salcedo M, Juan ME, Planas JM, Serafin A, et al. Retinol-binding protein 4 and peroxisome proliferatior-activated receptor-cin steatotic liver transplantation. J Parmacol Exp Ther. 2011;338:143-53.
47. Jimenez-Castro MB, Elias-Miro M, Mendes-Braz M, Lemoine A, Rimola A, Rodes J, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid affects PPARγ and TLR4 in steatotic liver transplantation. Am J Transpl. 2012;12:3257-71.
48. Alfany-Fernandez I, Casillas-Ramirez A, Bintanel-Morcillo M, Brosnihan KB, Ferrario CM, Serafin A, et al. Therapeutic targets in liver transplantation: angiotensin II in nonsteatotic grafts and angiotensin-(1-7) in steatotic grafts. Am J Transplt. 2009;9:439-51.
49. Ellett JD, Evans ZP, Atkinson C, Schmidt MG, Schnellmann RG, Chavin KD. Toll-like receptor 4 is a key mediator of murine steatotic liver warm ischemia/reperfusion injury. Liver Transpl. 2009;15:1101-9.
50. Firorini RN, Shafizadeh SF, Polito C, Rodwell DW, Cheng G, Evans Z, et al. Anti-endotoxin monoclonal antibodies are protective against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in steatotic mice. Am J Transpl. 2004;4:1567-73. (Pubitemid 39312290)
51. Zaouali MA, Bardag-Gorce FB, Carbonell T, Oliva J, Pantazi E, Bejaoui M, et al. Proteasome inhibitors protect the steatotic and non-steatotic liver graft against cold ischemia reperfusion injury. Exp Mol Path. 2013;94:352-9.
52. He S, Atkinson C, Evans Z, Ellett JD, Southwood M, Elvington A, et al. A role for compliment in the enhanced susceptibility of steatotic livers to ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Immunol. 2009;183:4764-72.
53. Selzner N, Selzner M, Jochum W, Clavian PA. Ischemic preconditioning protects the steatotic mouse liver against reperfusion injury: an ATP dependent mechanism. J Hepatology. 2003;39:55-61. (Pubitemid 36724108)
54. Rolo AP, Teodoro JS, Peralta C, Rosello-catafau JR, Palmeira CM. Prevention of I/R injury in fatty livers by ischemic preconditioning is associated with increased mitochondrial tolerance: the key role of ATP synthase and mitochondrial permeability transition. Transpl Int. 2009;22:1081-90.
55. Serafin A, Rosello-Catafau J, Prats N, Xaus C, Gelpi E, Peralta C. Ischemic preconditioning increases the tolerance of fatty liver to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. Am J Pathol. 2002;161:587-601. (Pubitemid 36142167)
56. Yamagami K, Yamamoto Y, Kume M, Kimoto S, Yamamoto H, Ozaki N, et al. Heat shock preconditioning ameliorates liver injury following normothermic ischemia-reperfusion in steatotic rat livers. J Surg Res. 1998;79:47-53. (Pubitemid 28427594)
57. Massip-Salcedo M, Casillas-Ramirez A, Franco-Gou R, Ben Mosban I, Serafin A, et al. Heat shock proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinases in steatotic livers undergoing ischemia-reperfusion: some answers. Am J Pathol. 2006;168:1474-85.
58. Bouma HR, Ketelaar ME, Yard BA, Pleoeg RJ, Henning RH. AMP-activated protein kinase as a target for preconditioning in transplantation medicine. Transplantation. 2010;90:353-8.
59. Carrasco-Chaumel E, Rosello-Catafau J, Bartrons R, Franco-Gou R, Xaus C, Casillas A, et al. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and nitric oxide in rat steatotic liver transplantation. J Hepatol. 2005;43:997-1006. (Pubitemid 41627985)
60. Serafin A, Rosello-Catafau J, Prats N, Gelpi E, Rodes J, Peralta C. Ischemic preconditioning affects interleukin release in fatty livers of rats undergoing ischemia/reperfusion. Hepatology. 2004;39:688-98. (Pubitemid 38337648)
61. Tacchini L, Cario G, De Ponti C, Massip M, Rosello-Catafau J, Peralta C. Up regulation of IL-6 by ischemic preconditioning in normal and fatty rat livers: association with reduction of oxidative stress. Free Radic Res. 2006;40:1206-17. (Pubitemid 44490161)
62. Sun Z, Klein AS, Radaeva S, Hong F, EL-Assal O, Pan HN, et al. In vitro interleukin-6 treatment prevents mortality associated with fatty liver transplants in rats. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:202-15. (Pubitemid 36799120)
63. Hong F, Radaeva S, Pan HN, Tian Z, Veech R, Gao B. Interleukin 6 alleviates hepatic steatosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice with fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2004;40:933-41. (Pubitemid 39288127)
64. Fernandez L, Carrasco-Chaumel E, Serafin A, Xaus C, Grande L, Rimola A, et al. Is ischemic preconditioning a useful strategy in steatotic liver transplantation? Am J Transpl. 2004;4:888-99. (Pubitemid 38745587)
65. Bessems M, Doorschodt BM, Kolkert JLP, Vetelainen RL, Van Vliet AK, Vreeling H, et al. Preservation of steatotic livers: a comparison between cold storage and machine perfusion preservation. Liver Transpl. 2007;13:497-504. (Pubitemid 46605850)
66. Vairetti M, Ferrigno A, Carlucci F, Tabucchi A, Rizzo V, Boncompagni E, et al. Subnormothermic machine perfusion protects steatotic livers against preservation injury: a potential for donor pool increase? Liver Transpl. 2009;15:20-9.
67. Jamieson RW, Zilvetti M, Roy D, Hughes D, Morovat A, Coussions CC, et al. Hepatic steatosis and normothermic perfusion-preliminary experiments in a porcine model. Transplantation. 2011;92:289-95.
68. Minor T, Akbar S, Tolba R, Domobrowski F. Cold preservation of fatty liver grafts: prevent of functional and ultrastructual impairments by venous oxygen persufflation. J Hepatol. 2000;32:105-11. (Pubitemid 30039454)
69. Minor T, Stegemann J, Hirner A, Koetting M. Impaired autophagic clearance after cold preservation of fatty livers correlates with tissue necrosis upon reperfusion and is reversed by hypothermic reconditioning. Liver Transpl. 2009;15:798-805.
70. Koetting M, Luer B, Efferz P, Paul A, Minor T. Optimal time for hypothermic reconditioning of liver grafts by venous systemic oxygen persufflation in a large animal model. Transplantation. 2011;91:42-7.
71. Minor T, Koetting M, Koetting M, Kaiser G, Efferz P, Luer B, et al. Hypothermic reconditioning by gaseous oxygen improves survival after liver transplantation in the pig. Am J Transpl. 2011;11:2627-34.
72. Srinivasan PK, Yagi S, Doorschodt B, Nagai K, Afify M, Uemoto S, et al. Impact of venous systemic oxygen persufflation supplemented with nitric oxide gas on cold-stored, warm ischemia-damaged experimental liver grafts. Liver Transpl. 2012;18:219-25.
73. Nagai K, Yagi S, Afify M, Bleilevens C, Uemoto S, Tolba RH. Impact of venous-systemic oxygen persufflation with nitric oxide gas on steatotic grafts after partial orthotopic liver transplantation in rats. Transplantation. 2013;95:78-84.
74. Seifalian AM, Chidambaram V, Rolles K, Davidson BR. In vivo demonstration of impaired microcirculation in steatotic human liver grafts. Liver Transpl Surg. 1998;4:71-7. (Pubitemid 28053314)
75. Ijaz S, Yang W, Winslet MC, Seifalian AM. Impairment of hepatic microcirculation in fatty liver. Microcirculation. 2003;10:447-56. (Pubitemid 39004270)
76. Yamagami K, Enders G, Schauer RJ, Leiderer R, Hutter J, Yamamoto Y, et al. Heat-schock preconditioning protects fatty livers in genetically obese zucker rats from microvascular perfusion failure after ischemia reperfusion. Transpl Int. 2003;16:554-61. (Pubitemid 37193303)
77. El-Badry AM, Moritz W, Contaldo C, Tian Y, Graf R, Clavien PA. Prevention of reperfusion injury and microcirculatory failure in macrosteatotic mouse liver by omega-3 fatty acids. Hepatology. 2007;45:855-63. (Pubitemid 46631553)
78. El-Badry AM, Jang JH, Elsherbiny A, Contaldo C, Tian Y, Raptis DA, et al. Chemical composition of hepatic lipids mediates reperfusion injury of the macrosteatotic mouse liver through thromboxane A2. J Hepatol. 2011;55:1291-9.
79. Zhang JX, Bauer M, Clemens MG. Vessel- and target cell-specific actions of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in rat liver. Am J Physiol. 1995;269:G269-77.
80. Mizunuma K, Ohdan H, Tashiro H, Fudaba Y, Ito H, Asahara T. Prevention of ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatic microcirculatory disruption by inhibiting stellate cell contraction using rock inhibitor. Transplantation. 2003;75:579-86. (Pubitemid 36337352)
81. Ikeda F, Terajima H, Shimamura Y, Kondo T, Yamaoka Y. Reduction of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by a specific rock/rho kinase inhibitor y-27632. J Surg Res. 2003;109:155-60. (Pubitemid 36315743)
82. Kuroda S, Tashiro H, Igarashi Y, Tanimoto Y, Nambu J, Oshita A, et al. Rho inhibitor prevents ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat steatotic liver. J Hepatol. 2012;56:146-52.
83. Fondevila C, Shen XD, Duarte S, Busuttil RW, Coito AJ. Cytoprotective effects of acyclic RGD peptide in steatotic liver cold ischemia and reperfusion injury. Am J Transpl. 2009;9:2240-50.
84. Hasegawa T, Ito Y, Wijeweera J, Liu J, Malle E, Farhood A, et al. Reduced inflammatory response and increased microcirculatory disturbances during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in steatotic livers of ob/ob mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007;292:G1385-95. (Pubitemid 47084668)
85. Yamagami K, Hutter J, Yamamoto Y, Schauer RJ, Enders G, Leiderer R, et al. Synergistic effects of brain death and liver steatosis on the hepatic microcirculation. Transplantation. 2005;80:500-5. (Pubitemid 41209419)
86. Wakai T, Shirai Y, Sakata J, Korita PV, Ajioka Y, Tatakeyama K. Surgical outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastrointest Surg. 2011;15:1450-8.
87. Reddy SK, Marsh W, Varley PR, Mock BK, Chopra KB, Geller DA, et al. Underlying steatohepatitis, but not simple hepatic steatosis, increase morbidity after liver resection: case-control study. Hepatology. 2012;56:2221-30.
88. Jamagin WR, Gonen M, Fong Y, DeMatteo R, Ben-Porat L, Little S, et al. Improvement in perioperative outcome after hepatic resection. Ann Surg. 2002;236:397-407.
89. Cho JY, Suh KS, Kwon CH, Yi NJ, Lee KU. Mild hepatic steatosis is not a major risk factor for hepatectomy and regenerative power is not impaired. Surgery. 2006;139:508-15.
90. Nagai S, Fujimoto Y, Kamei H, Nakamura T, Kiuchi T. Mild hepatic marovesicular steatosis may be a risk factor for hyperbilurubinemia in living liver donors following right hepatectomy. Br J Surg. 2009;96:437-44.
91. Behrns K, Tsiotos G, DeSouza NF, Krishna MK, Ludwig F, Nagorney DM. Hepatic steatosis as a potential risk for major hepatic surgery. J Gastrointest Surg. 1998;2:292-8. (Pubitemid 128409616)
92. de Meijer VE, Kalish BT, Puder M, Ijzermans JNM. Systemic review and meta-analysis of a steatosis as a risk factor in major hepatic resection. Br J Surg. 2010;97:1131-339.
93. McCormack L, Dutkowski P, El-Badry AM, Clavien PA. Liver transplantation using fatty livers: always feasible? J Hepatol. 2011;54:1055-62.
94. Doyle MBM, Vachharajani N, Wellen JR, Anderson CD, Lowell JA, Shenoy S, et al. Short-and long-term outcomes after steatotic liver transplantation. Arch Surg. 2010;145:653-60.
95. McCormack L, Petrowsky H, Jochum W, Mullhaupt B, Weber M, Clavien PA. Use of severely steatotic grafts in liver transplantation: a matched case-control study. Ann Surg. 2007;246:940-8.
96. Spitzer AL, Lao OB, Dick AAS, Bakthavatsalam R, Halldorson JB, Yeh MM, et al. The biopsied donor liver: incorporating macrosteatosis into high-risk donor assessment. Liver Transpl. 2010;16:874-84.
97. Soejima Y, Shimada M, Suehiro T, Kishikawa K, Yoshimizu T, Hashimoto K, et al. Use of steatotic graft in living-donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2003;76:344-8. (Pubitemid 36927996)
98. Hayashi M, Fujii T, Kiuchi T, Uryuhara K, Kasahara M, Takatsuki M, et al. Effects of fatty filtration of the graft on the outcome of living-related liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1999;31:403. (Pubitemid 29127503)
99. Yoong KF, Gunson BK, Neil DAH, Mirza DF, Mayer AD, Buckels JA, et al. Impact of donor liver microvesicular steatosis on the outcome of liver transplantation. Transpl Proc. 1999;31:550-1.
100. Cho JY, Suh KS, Lee HW, Cho EH, Yang SH, Cho YB, et al. Hepatic steatosis is associated with intrahepatic cholestasis and transient hyperbilirubinemia during regeneration after living donor liver transplantation. Transpl Int. 2006;19:807-13. (Pubitemid 44358847)
101. Oshita A, Tashiro H, Amano H, Kobayashi T, Onoe T, Ide K, et al. Safety and feasibility of diet-treated donors with steatotic livers at the initial consultation for living-donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2012;93:1024-30.
102. Nakamuta M, Morizono S, Soejima Y, Yoshizumi T, Aishima S, Takaugi S, et al. Short-term intensive treatment for donors with hepatic steatosis in living-donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2005;80:608-12. (Pubitemid 41377747)
103. Clavien PA, Selzner M, Rudiger HA, Graf R, Kadry Z, Rousson V, et al. A prospective randomized study in 100 consecutive patients undergoing major liver resection with versus without ischemic preconditioning. Ann Surg. 2003;238:843-52. (Pubitemid 38174467)
104. Domart MC, Esposti DD, Sebagh M, Olaya N, Harper F, Pierron G, et al. Concurrent induction of necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy in ischemic preconditioned human livers formerly treated by chemotherapy. J Hepatol. 2009;51:881-9.
105. Scatton O, Zalinski Z, Jegou D, Compagnon P, Lesurtel M, Belghiti J, et al. Randomized clinical trial ischaemic preconditioning in major liver resection with intermittent pringle manoeuvre. Br J Surg. 2011;98:1236-43.
106. Beck-Schimmer B, Breitenstein S, Urech S, De Conno E, Wittlinger M, Puhan M, et al. A randomized controlled trial on pharmacological preconditioning in liver surgery using volatile anesthetic. Ann Surg. 2008;248:909-18.
107. Azoulay D, del Gaudio M, Andreani P, Ichai P, Sebag M, Adam R, et al. Effects of 10 minutes of ischemic preconditioning of cadaveric liver on the grafts preservation and function: the ying and the yang. Ann Surg. 2005;242:133-9. (Pubitemid 40917977)
108. Amador A, Grande L, Marti J, Deulofeu R, Miquel R, Sola A, et al. Ischemic pre-conditioning in deceased donor liver transplantation: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Am J Transpl. 2007;7(9):2180-9. (Pubitemid 47247061)
109. Jassem W, Fuggle S, Thompson R, Arno M, Taylor J, Byrne J, et al. Effect of ischemic preconditioning on the genomic response to reperfusion injury in deceased donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2009;15:1750-65.
110. Koneru B, Shareef A, Dikdan G, Desai K, Klein KM, Peng B, et al. The ischemic preconditioning paradox in deceased donor liver transplantation - evidence from a prospective randomized single blind clinical trial. Am J Transpl. 2007;7:2788-96. (Pubitemid 350045783)
111. Guarrera JV, Henry SD, Samstein B, Odeh-Ramadan R, Kinkhabwala M, Goldstein MJ, et al. Hypothermicmachine preservation in human liver transplantation. Am J Transpl. 2009;10:372-81.
112. Henry SD, Nachber E, Tulipan J, Stone J, Bae C, Reznik L, et al. Hypothermic machine preservation reduces molecular markers of ischemia/reperfusion injury in human liver transplantation. Am J Transpl. 2012;12:2477-86.
113. Op den Dries S, Karimian N, Sutton ME, Westerkamp AC, Nijsten MWN, Gouw ASH, et al. Ex vivo normothermic machine perfusion and viability testing of discarded human donor livers. Am J Transpl. 2013;13:1327-35.
114. Treckmann J, Minor T, Saad S, Ozcelik A, Malago M, Broelsh CE, et al. Retrograde oxygen persuflation preservation of human livers: a pilot study. Liver Transpl. 2008;14:358-64. (Pubitemid 351425490)
115. Minor T, Putter C, Gallinat A, Ose C, Kaiser G, Scherag A, et al. Oxygen persufflation as adunct in liver preservation (OPAL): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2011;12:234.