Sport Beyond Television: The Internet, Digital Media and the Rise of Networked Media Sport

Sport Beyond Television: The Internet, Digital Media and the Rise of Networked Media Sport

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-254

  Hutchins, Brett ^a   Rowe, David ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84905290388     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203120415     Document Type: Book

References (629)

1. AAP 2010, ‘I Want You to Know How Sorry I Am: Tearful Rice’, Sydney Morning Herald, 8 September. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/sport/swimming/i-want-you-to-know-how-sorry-i-am-tearful-rice-20100908-150s3.html?autostart=1 (accessed 8 September 2010).
2. ABC News 2011, ‘Google Boss Praises NBN’, 20 February. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/19/3143457.htm (accessed 23 February 2011).
3. ACCC (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission) 2006, Media Mergers, Dickson, ACT: ACCC.
4. ACMA (Australian Communications and Media Authority) 2010, IPTV and Internet Video Services in Australia: The IPTV and Internet Video Market in Australia, Canberra: ACMA.
5. Adams, P.C. 2009, Geographies of Media and Communication, Malden, MA: Blackwell.
6. Adler, D. 2011, ‘Mission Impossible’, Sport Business International, No. 165, March, p. 14.
7. Albert, J. 2011, ‘Being Tony Plush’, Slate, 12 August. Online. Available http://www.slate.com/id/2301477/ (accessed 17 August 2011).
8. Albury, K., Funnell, N. & Noonan, E. 2010, ‘The Politics of Sexting: Young People, Self-Representation and Citizenship’, in Media, Democracy and Change: Refereed Proceedings of the Australian and New Zealand Communication Association Conference 2010.
9. Alexa Internet 2011a, ‘wikipedia.org’. Online. Available http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# (accessed 17 January 2011).
10. Alexa Internet 2011b, ‘Top Sites’. Online. Available http://www.alexa.com/topsites (accessed 3 January 2011).
11. Alexander, J.C. 1990, ‘Introduction: Understanding the “Relative Autonomy” of Culture’, in J.C. Alexander & S. Seidman (eds), Culture and Society: Contemporary Debates, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-27.
12. Al Jazeera 2007, ‘Cricket Australia Lockout Media: Restrictions are Imposed on the Media for Australia’s Test Series against Sri Lanka’, 9 November. Online. Available http://english.aljazeera.net/sport/2007/11/2008526105019908392.html (accessed 20 August 2011).
13. Allan, S. 2006, Online News: Journalism and the Internet, Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.
14. Allan, S. (ed) 2010, Routledge Companion to News and Journalism Studies, London: Routledge.
15. Allan, S. & Thorsen, E. (eds) 2009, Citizen Journalism: Global Perspectives, New York: Peter Lang.
16. Allen, M. 2009, ‘Tim O-Reilly and Web 2.0: The Economics of Mimetic Liberty and Control’, Communication, Politics & Culture, 42(2), pp. 6-23.
17. Anderson, C. 2004, ‘The Long Tail’, Wired 12(10), October. Online. Available http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.10/tail.html (accessed 4 April 2008).
18. Anderson, N. 2010, ‘Any Use of the Article Without the NFL’s Express Written Consent is Prohibited’, ars technica, 15 February. Online. Available http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2010/02/challenging-copyright-at-the-nfl.ars# (accessed 22 February 2011).
19. Andrejevic, M. 2007, iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era, Lawrence, KA: University Press of Kansas.
20. Andrejevic, M. 2008, ‘Watching Television Without Pity: The Productivity of Online Fans’, Television & New Media, 9(1), pp. 24-46.
21. Andrejevic, M. 2009, ‘The Twenty-First Century Telescreen’, in G. Turner & J. Tay (eds), Television Studies After TV: Understanding Television in the Post-Broadcast Era, London: Routledge, pp. 31-40.
22. Andrejevic, M. 2011, ‘The Work that Affective Economics Does’, Cultural Studies, 25(4-5), pp. 604-20.
23. Andrews, D.L. 2006, Sport-Commerce-Culture: Essays on Sport in Late Capitalist America, New York: Peter Lang.
24. Andrews, D.L. & Jackson, S.J. (eds) 2001, Sports Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity, London: Routledge.
25. AOC (Australian Olympic Committee) 2008, ‘Schedule 6 Media Guidelines. 2008 Australian Olympic Team’, 2008 Australian Olympic Team Membership Agreement-Athletes, St Leonards, NSW: AOC.
26. AP (Associated Press) 2011, ‘Tweet Record Smashed by Women’s World Cup’, Sydney Morning Herald, 19 July. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/tweet-record-smashed-by-womens-world-cup-20110719-1hm4z.html (accessed 19 July 2011).
27. Appelo, Y. 2011, ‘The Aftermath of Hulu CEO’s Bad Boy Memo’, The Hollywood Reporter, 18 February. Online. Available http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/aftermath-hulu-ceos-bad-boy-101517 (accessed 21 February 2011).
28. Apple 2008, ‘Apple Reports Fourth Quarter Results’, Data Summary, 21 October. Online. Available http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2008/10/21results.html (accessed February 2010).
29. Arceneaux, N. & Weiss, A.S. 2010, ‘Seems Stupid Until You Try It: Press Coverage of Twitter, 2006-9', New Media & Society, 12(8), pp. 1262-279.
30. Arsenault, A. & Castells, M. 2008, ‘Switching Power: Rupert Murdoch and the Global Business of Media Politics’, International Sociology, 23(4), pp. 488-513.
31. Askew, K. & Wilk, R.R. (eds) 2002, The Anthropology of Media: A Reader, Malden, MA: Blackwell.
32. Australian Athletes’ Alliance 2009, Submission to the Inquiry into the Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
33. Australian Government Independent Sport Panel 2010, The Future of Sport in Australia, Commonwealth of Australia.
34. Australian Press Council 2009, Submission to the Inquiry into the Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
35. Background Briefing 2010a, ‘Why is James Murdoch So Angry?' ABC Radio National, 31 October. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/rn/backgroundbriefing/stories/2010/3048341.htm (accessed 1 November 2010).
36. Background Briefing 2010b, ‘Social Media and Sentiment Mining’, ABC Radio National, 27 June. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/rn/backgroundbriefing/stories/2010/2933391.htm (accessed 27 June 2010).
37. Background Briefing 2010c, ‘The Flash Crash’, ABC Radio National, 29 August. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/rn/backgroundbriefing/stories/ 2010/2991685.htm (accessed 29 August 2010).
38. Baerg, A. 2007, ‘Fight Night 2: Mediating the Body and Digital Boxing’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 24(3), pp. 325-45.
39. Bagchi, R. 2011, ‘Sponsor to Show Ascot United v Wembley FC FA Cup Tie on Facebook’, The Guardian, 17 August. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/aug/17/ascot-united-wembley-budweiser-facebook (accessed 17 August 2011).
40. Balnaves, M. & O’Regan, T. 2002, ‘The Ratings in Transition: The Politics and Technologies of Counting’, in M. Balnaves, T. O’Regan & J. Sternberg (eds), Mobilising the Audience, St Lucia, Brisbane: University of Queensland Press, pp. 29-64.
41. Barlow, A. 2008, Blogging America: The New Public Sphere, Westport, CT: Praeger.
42. Barr, T. 2008, ‘Forgotten Agendas: Broadband Services for Australians’, Submission to the Select Committee on the National Broadband Network, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
43. Barthes, R. 1973, ‘The World of Wrestling’, Mythologies, London: Paladin, pp. 15-25.
44. Battersby, L. 2011, ‘AFL Takes Optus to Court Over Rights’, The Age, 27 September. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/afl-takes-optus-to-court-over-rights-20110926-1ktnr.html (accessed 27 September 2011).
45. Bauman, Z. 1998, Work, Consumerism and the New Poor, Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
46. Bauman, Z. 2000, Liquid Modernity, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
47. Bauman, Z. 2001, Community: Seeking Safety in an Insecure World, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
48. BBC 2008, ‘Bristol City Complete Akinde Deal’, Sport: Football, 1 September. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/b/bristol_city/7590208.stm (accessed 11 September 2008).
49. BBC 2009a, ‘Bent Move “Aided” by Twitter Rant’, Sport: Football, 6 August. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/s/sunderland/8186921.stm (accessed 9 August 2009).
50. BBC 2009b, ‘Bell a Victim of Twitter Hoaxer’, Sport: Cricket, 12 August. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/8196649.stm (accessed 13 August 2009).
51. BBC 2010, ‘Google Changes Search Service to Prevent Online Piracy’, Technology, 2 December. Online. Available http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-11900347 (accessed 2 December 2010).
52. BBC 2011, ‘Injunctions Doubt as Footballer Ryan Giggs Named by MP’, News, 24 May. Online. Available http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-13516941 (accessed 6 June 2011).
53. Beal, B. & Wilson, C. 2004, '“Chicks Dig Scars”: Commercialisation and the Transformation of Skateboarders’ Identities’, in B. Wheaton (ed), Understanding Lifestyle Sports: Consumption, Identity and Difference, London: Routledge, pp. 31-54.
54. Beck, H. 2008, ‘The Real O’Neal Puts His Cyber Foot Down’, The New York Times, 20 November. Online. Available http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/20/sports/basketball/20shaq.html (accessed 1 February 2009).
55. Beck, U. 2005, Power in the Global Age: A New Global Political Economy, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
56. Beck, U. & Lau, C. 2005, ‘Second Modernity as a Research Agenda: Theoretical and Empirical Explorations in the “Meta-Change” of Modern Society’, British Journal of Sociology, 56(4), pp. 525-57.
57. Benkler, Y. 2006, The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
58. Berg, K.A. & Harthcock, A. 2008, '“Let the Domination Begin”: Sports Fans’ Construction of Identity in Online Message Boards’, in L.W. Hugenberg, P.M. Haridakis & A.C. Earnheardt (eds), Sports Mania: Essays on Fandom and the Media in the 21st Century, North Carolina: McFarland and Co., pp. 203-17.
59. Bignall, C. 2009, ‘Diminishing Returns’, Sport Business International, No. 143, March, p. 13.
60. Bingemann, M. & Chessell, J. 2010, ‘Foxtel Chief Warns of Piracy’, The Australian, 22 December. Online. Available http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/industry-sectors/foxtel-chief-warns-of-piracy/story-e6frg9hx-1225974683646 (accessed 22 December 2010).
61. Birmingham, J. & David, M. 2011, ‘Live-Streaming: Will Football Fans Continue to be More Law Abiding than Music Fans?' Sport in Society, 14(1), pp. 69-80.
62. Bollmer, G. 2010, ‘Not Understanding the Network? A Review of Four Contemporary Works’, The Communication Review, 13(3), pp. 243-60.
63. Bolter, J.D. & Grusin, R. 1999, Remediation: Understanding New Media, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
64. Born, G. 2004, Uncertain Vision: Birt, Dyke and the Reinvention of the BBC, London: Vintage.
65. Bourdieu, P. 2005, ‘The Political Field, the Social Science Field, and the Journalistic Field’, in R. Benson & E. Neveu (eds), Bourdieu and the Journalistic Field, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, pp. 29-47.
66. boyd, d. & Ellison, N. 2007, ‘Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), pp. 210-30.
67. Boyle, R. 2004, ‘Mobile Communication and the Sports Industry: The Case of 3G’, Trends in Communication, 12(2), pp. 73-82.
68. Boyle, R. 2006, Sports Journalism: Context and Issues, London: Sage.
69. Boyle, R. & Haynes, R. 2000, Power Play: Sport, Media & Popular Culture, Harlow, England: Pearson Education.
70. Boyle, R. & Haynes, R. 2004, Football in the New Media Age, London: Routledge.
71. Boyle, R., Rowe, D. & Whannel, G. 2010, '“Delight in Trivial Controversy?" Questions for Sports Journalism’, in S. Allan (ed), Routledge Companion to News and Journalism Studies, London: Routledge, pp. 245-55.
72. Boyle, R. & Whannel, G. 2010a, ‘Editorial: Sport and the New Media’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 259-62.
73. Boyle, R. & Whannel, G. 2010b, ‘Three Interviews’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 355-68.
74. Brand, J.E., Borchard, J. & Holmes, K. 2008, IA9: Interactive Australia 2009, Gold Coast: The Centre for New Media Research.
75. brianlevine 2009, ‘The Dangers of Realtime Weather’, EA Sports Forums, 14 August. Online. Available http://forum.ea.com/eaforum/posts/list/282145.page (accessed 2 July 2010).
76. Briton, D. 2010, ‘The Virtual Expanses of Canadian Popular Culture’, in B. Beaty, D. Briton, G. Filax & R. Sullivan (eds), How Canadians Communicate III: Contexts of Canadian Popular Culture, Edmonton, Alberta: Athabasca University, pp. 319-52.
77. Broersma, M. 2010, ‘Journalism as Performative Discourse: The Importance of Form and Style in Journalism’, in V. Rupar (ed), Journalism and Sense-Making: Reading the Newspaper, Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, pp. 15-35.
78. Brookes, R. 2002, Representing Sport, London: Arnold.
79. Bruns, A. 2005, Gatewatching: Collaborative Online News Production, New York: Peter Lang.
80. Bruns, A. 2008, Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and Beyond: From Production to Produsage, New York: Peter Lang.
81. Bruns, A. & Jacobs, J. (eds) 2006, Uses of Blogs, New York: Peter Lang.
82. Bryant, J. & Cummins, R.G. 2010, ‘The Effects of Outcome of Mediated and Live Sporting Events on Sport Fans’ Self-and Social Identities’, in H.L. Hundley & A.C. Billings (eds), Examining Identity in Sports Media, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 217-38.
83. Bryant, N. 2007, ‘Australian Athlete Blogs Banned’, BBC News, 9 February. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6345085.stm (accessed 7 June 2008).
84. Bryce, J. & Rutter, J. 2005, ‘Gendered Gaming in Gendered Space’, in J. Raessens & J. Goldstein (eds), Handbook of Computer Game Studies, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 300-10.
85. Burgess, J. & Green, J. 2009, YouTube: Online Video and Participatory Culture, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
86. Butt, D. 2006, ‘Net Neutrality: No Easy Answers’, Media International Australia, No. 120, pp. 14-17.
87. Callow, J. 2010, ‘Thoughts for Manchester United: How Other Clubs are Owned’, The Guardian, 2 March. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2010/mar/02/manchester-united-ownership-models (accessed 4 April 2010).
88. Cammaerts, B. 2011, ‘The Hegemonic Copyright Regime vs the Sharing Copyright Users of Music?' Media, Culture & Society, 33(3), pp. 491-502.
89. Camper, B. 2009, ‘Retro Reflexivity: La-Mulana, an 8-Bit Period Piece’, in B. Perron & M.J.P. Wolf (eds), The Video Game Theory Reader 2, New York: Routledge, pp. 169-95.
90. Carey, J.W. 2005, ‘Historical Pragmatism and the Internet’, New Media & Society, 7(4), pp. 443-55.
91. Carey, J.W. & Quirk, J.J. 1992, ‘The Mythos of the Electronic Revolution’, in J. Carey, Communication as Culture: Essays on Media and Society, New York: Routledge, pp. 113-41.
92. Carpentier, N. 2011, ‘New Configurations of the Audience? The Challenges of User-Generated Content for Audience Theory and Media Participation’, in V. Nightingale (ed), The Handbook of Media Audiences, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 190-212.
93. Casey, P.R. 2010, ‘Interview with Nick Maywald, CEO and Founder of Sporting-Pulse’, The Huffington Post, 19 March. Online. Available http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-robert-casey/interview-with-nick-maywa_b_505912.html (accessed 24 January 2011).
94. Cash, J. & Damousi, J. 2009, Footy Passions, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.
95. Cashman, R. 2010, Paradise of Sport: The Rise of Organized Sport in Australia, revised edition, Sydney: Walla Walla Press.
96. Cashman, R. & Darcy, S. 2008, Benchmark Games: The Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games, Sydney: Wall Walla Press.
97. Cashmore, E. 2004, Beckham, 2nd edition, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
98. Cassell, J. & Jenkins, H. 1998a, ‘Chess for Girls? Feminism and Computer Games’, in J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (eds), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and Computer Games, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 2-45.
99. Cassell, J. & Jenkins, H. (eds) 1998b, From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and Computer Games, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
100. Castells, M. 2000a, The Rise of the Network Society, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell.
101. Castells, M. 2000b, End of Millennium, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell.
102. Castells, M. 2002, The Internet Galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, Business, and Society, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
103. Castells, M. 2004a, The Power of Identity, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
104. Castells, M. (ed) 2004b, The Network Society: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
105. Castells, M. 2009, Communication Power, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
106. Castells, M., Fernandez-Ardevol, M., Qiu, J.L. & Sey, A. 2007, Mobile Communication and Society: A Global Perspective, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
107. Castronova, E. 2005, Synthetic Worlds: The Business and Culture of Online Games, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
108. Chandler, J.M. 1988, Television and National Sport: The United States and Britain, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
109. Church-Sanders, R. 2008, ‘Online Sports Piracy: Is Prevention Better Than Cure?' Sport Media Technology, March, pp. 10-11.
110. Church-Sanders, R. 2010, ‘To Tweet, or Not to Tweet’, Sport Business International, No. 153, February, pp. 20-21.
111. Cianfrone, B.A. & Baker, T.A. 2010, ‘The Use of Student-Athlete Likenesses in Sport Video Games: An Application of the Right of Publicity’, Journal of the Legal Aspects of Sport, 20(1), pp. 35-74.
112. Cisco 2011, ‘Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2010-2015'. Online. Available http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11-481360_ns827_Networking_Solutions_White_Paper.html (accessed 19 May 2011).
113. Clark, N. 2011, ‘Perform Plans Public Listing in London’, The Independent, 11 March. Online. Available http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/perform-plans-public-listing-in-london-2238558.html (accessed 12 March 2011).
114. Clarke, T.L., McBride, D.K. & Reece, D. 2002, ‘All But War is Simulation’, Sport Technology: History, Philosophy and Policy, 21, pp. 215-24.
115. Clayton, W. 2011, ‘Video Game Helps with PLAYERS Preparation’, Yahoo!Sports, 11 May. Online. Available http://sports.yahoo.com/golf/pga/news?slug=pgatour_com-ea-sports-practice-20110511&print=1 (accessed 12 May 2011).
116. Cleland, J. 2011, ‘The Media and Football Supporters: A Changing Relationship’, Media, Culture & Society, 33(2), pp. 299-315.
117. Close, P., Askew, D. & Xin, X. 2007, The Beijing Olympiad: The Political Economy of a Sporting Mega-Event, London: Routledge.
118. Coakley, J., Hallinan, C., Jackson, S. & Mewett, P. 2009, Sports in Society: Issues and Controversies in Australia and New Zealand, Sydney: McGraw Hill.
119. Cohen, S. 1980 [1972], Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Making of Mods and Rockers, Oxford: Martin Robertson.
120. Consalvo, M. 2009, ‘There is No Magic Circle’, Games and Culture, 4(4), pp. 408-17.
121. Conway, S. 2010, '“It’s in the Game” and Above the Game: An Analysis of the Users of Sports Videogames’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 334-54.
122. Coombe, R.J. 1998, The Cultural Life of Intellectual Properties: Authorship, Appropriation, and the Law, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
123. Cormode, G. & Krishnamurthy, B. 2008, ‘Key Differences Between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0', First Monday, 13(6), http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2125/1972 (accessed 4 December 2008).
124. Couldry, N. 2003, Media Rituals: A Critical Approach, London: Routledge.
125. Couldry, N. 2006, Listening Beyond the Echoes: Media, Ethics, and Agency in an Uncertain World, Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
126. Couldry, N. 2008, ‘Mediatization or Mediation? Alternative Understandings of the Emergent Space of Digital Storytelling’, New Media & Society, 10(3), pp. 373-91.
127. Couldry, N. 2010, Why Voice Matters: Culture and Politics After Neoliberalism, London: Sage.
128. Couldry, N., Livingstone, S. & Markham, T. 2007, Media Consumption and Public Engagement: Beyond the Presumption of Attention, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
129. Couldry, N. & McCarthy, A. (eds) 2004, Mediaspace: Place, Scale and Culture in a Media Age, London: Routledge.
130. Coyle Media 2011, ‘Digital Business Development’. Online. Available http://www.coylemedia.com/ (accessed 14 January 2011).
131. Crawford, G. 2004, Consuming Sport: Fans, Sport and Culture, London: Routledge.
132. Crawford, G. 2006, ‘The Cult of Champ Man: The Culture and Pleasures of Championship Manager / Football Manager Games’, Information, Communication & Society, 9(4), pp. 496-514.
133. Crawford, G. 2008, '“It’s in the Game”: Sports Fans, Film and Digital Gaming’, Sport in Society, 11(2-3), pp. 130-45.
134. Crawford, G. & Gosling, V.K. 2009, ‘More Than A Game: Sports-Themed Video Games and Player Narratives’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 50-66.
135. Crawford, K. 2005, ‘Adaptation: Tracking the Ecologies of Music and Peer-to-Peer Networks’, Media International Australia, No. 114, pp. 30-39.
136. Crawford, K. 2009, ‘These Foolish Things: On Intimacy and Insignificance in Mobile Media’, in G. Goggin & L. Hjorth (eds), Mobile Technologies: From Telecommunications to Media, New York: Routledge, pp. 252-65.
137. CRI 2008, ‘Netizens Incensed Over Tibet Album on iTunes’, China.org.cn. Online. Available http://www.china.org.cn/china/national/2008-08/08/content_16161481.htm (accessed 16 August 2008).
138. Cricinfo Staff 2007, ‘ESPN Acquires Cricinfo’, ESPN Cricinfo, 11 June. Online. Available http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/current/story/297655.html (accessed 4 January 2010).
139. Cricket Australia 2009, Submission to the Inquiry into the Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
140. Crompton, J.L. 2001, ‘Public Subsidies to Professional Team Sport Facilities in the USA’, in C. Gratton & I.P. Henry (eds), Sport in the City, London: Routledge, pp. 15-34.
141. Crossley, R. 2010, ‘Female Count of UK Dev Workforce “Falls to 4%"', Develop, 8 September. Online. Available http://www.develop-online.net/news/35806/Female-count-of-UK-dev-workforce-falls-to-4 (accessed 10 January 2011).
142. Cubitt, S., Hassan, R. & Volkmer, I. 2011, ‘Does Cloud Computing Have a Silver Lining?' Media, Culture & Society, 33(1), pp. 149-58.
143. Cummins, R.G. 2006, ‘Sports Fiction: Critical and Empirical Perspectives’, in A.A. Raney & J. Bryant (eds), Handbook of Sports and Media, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 185-204.
144. Cunningham, S. 2011, ‘Broadband, the NBN and Screen Futures’, Media International Australia, No. 140, pp. 16-21.
145. Curi, M., Knijnik, J. & Mascarenhas, G. 2011, ‘The Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro 2007: Consequences of a Sport Mega-Event on a BRIC Country’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 46(2), pp. 140-56.
146. Curran, J. 2011, Media and Democracy, London: Routledge.
147. Cutler, M. 2011a, ‘You Tube to Expand Live Sports Portfolio with Copa America Coverage’, Sport Business.com, 16 June. Online. Available http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/183792/youtube-to-expand-live-sports-portfoliowith-copa-america-coverage (accessed 16 June 2011).
148. Cutler, M. 2011b, ‘FA Announce Twitter Crackdown’, Sport Business.com, 14 February. Online. Available http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/183025/faannounces-twitter-crackdown (accessed 14 February 2011).
149. Cutler, M. 2011c, ‘Chelsea Maintains Asian Vision’, Sport Business.com, 16 March. Online. Available http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/183257/chelseamaintains-asian-vision (accessed 20 April 2011).
150. Cutler, M. 2011d, ‘Vodafone Essar to Stream Cricket World Cup Matches’, Sport Business.com, 14 February. Online. Available http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/183026/vodafone-essar-to-stream-cricket-world-cup-matches (accessed 14 February 2011).
151. Cyclingnews.com 2011, ‘About Cyclingnews’. Online. Available http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/adpage/about.php (accessed 16 March 2011).
152. Dart, J.J. 2009, ‘Blogging the 2006 FIFA World Cup Finals’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 107-26.
153. Dart, T. 2007, ‘Fans Pick the Team as Computer Games Turn Fantasy Into Reality’, Times Online, 25 October. Online. Available http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article2733559.ece (accessed 3 December 2007).
154. David’s Blog 2011, Online. Available http://www.davidbeckham.com/news (accessed 1 July 2011).
155. Davis, N.W. & Duncan, M.C. 2006, ‘Sports Knowledge is Power: Reinforcing Masculine Privilege Through Fantasy Sport League Participation’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 30(3), pp. 244-64.
156. Dayan, D. 2008, ‘Beyond Media Events: Disenchantment, Derailment, Disruption’, in M.E. Price & D. Dayan (eds), Owning the Olympics: Narratives of the New China, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, pp. 391-401.
157. Dayan, D. & Katz, E. 1992, Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of History, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
158. Demonbaby 2006, ‘E3 Ramblings and Xbox Live Terrorism’, 17 May. Online. Available http://www.demonbaby.com/blog/2006/05/e3-ramblings-and-xboxlive-terrorism.html (accessed 2 May 2007).
159. Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy 2010a, Sport on Television: A Review of the Anti-Siphoning Scheme in the Contemporary Digital Environment, Australian Government.
160. Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy 2010b, Code of Practice for Sports News Reporting (Text, Photography and Data), Australian Government.
161. Denton, S. (ed) 2008, the fleet@wembley: Ebbsfleet United-FA Trophy Winners 2008, Shrewsbury, UK: Jam Book Publishing.
162. Derober 2008, '8 Athletes Who Blog (and 2 That Shouldn’t)', 10 July. Online. Available http://derober.com/?s=athletes+who+blog (accessed 2 August 2008).
163. Deuze, M. 2007, Media Work, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
164. Deuze, M. 2009, ‘Media Industries, Work and Life’, European Journal of Communication, 24(4), pp. 467-80.
165. Deuze, M. 2011, ‘Media Life’, Media, Culture & Society, 33(1), pp. 137-48.
166. Deuze, M. & Marjoribanks, T. 2009, ‘Newswork’, Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism, 10(5), pp. 555-61.
167. deZwart, M. 2009, ‘The Panel Case’, in A. Kenyon, M. Richardson & S. Ricketson (eds), Landmarks in Australian Intellectual Property Law, Port Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, pp. 251-63.
168. Dittmer, J. 2009, ‘Football’s New Forms’, FlowTV, 10(10), http://flowtv.org/?p=4423 (accessed 18 October 2009).
169. Drayer, J., Shapiro, S.L., Dwyer, B., Morse, A.L. & White, J. 2010, ‘The Effects of Fantasy Football Participation on NFL Consumption: A Qualitative Analysis’, Sport Management Review, 13(2), pp. 129-41.
170. du Gay, P., Hall, S., Janes, L., Mackay, H. & Negus, K. 1997, Doing Cultural Studies: The Story of the Sony Walkman, London: Sage.
171. Dumitrescu, A. 2008, ‘Peter Moore Talks About Madden NFL 2009', Softpedia, 10 September. Online. Available http://news.softpedia.com/news/Peter-Moore-Talks-About-Madden-NFL-2009-93308.shtml (accessed 12 December 2010).
172. Dunne, F. 2011a, ‘Language Key to Future Rights Values in Kolkott ECJ Opinion’, Sport Business International, No. 165, March, pp. 50-51.
173. Dunne, F. 2011b, ‘The Road Ahead’, Sport Business International, No. 165, March, pp. 38-39.
174. Dunne, F. 2011c, ‘Asian Engine Room’, Sport Business International, No. 165, March, pp. 40-41.
175. Dunning, E. & Rojek, C. (eds) 1992, Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process: Critique and Counter-Critique, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
176. Dwyer, B. & Drayer, J. 2010, ‘Fantasy Sport Consumer Segmentation: An Investigation into the Differing Consumption Modes of Fantasy Football Participants’, Sport Marketing Quarterly, 19(4), pp. 207-16.
177. Dwyer, B. & Kim, Y. 2011, ‘For Love or Money: Developing and Validating a Motivational Scale for Fantasy Football Participation’, Journal of Sport Management, 25(1), pp. 70-83.
178. Dyer-Witheford, N. & de Peuter, G. 2009, Games of Empire: Global Capitalism and Video Games, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
179. ea_spouse 2004, ‘EA: The Human Story’, Live Journal, 10 November. Online. Available http://ea-spouse.livejournal.com/274.html (accessed 22 October 2008).
180. Eckersley, O. & Benton, N. 2002, ‘The Venue Versus the Lounge Room’, Australasian Leisure Management, No. 35, pp. 20-23.
181. eCoinToss Sports Display 2010, ‘The eCoinToss Sports Display Technology’. Online. Available http://ecointoss.com/technology.php (accessed 1 June 2010).
182. Economic Times (India) 2007, ‘Football Gathers Crowd Through Web’, 7 September. Online. Available http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Infotech/Internet_/Football_gathers_crowd_through_web/articleshow/msid-2345508, curpg-2.cms (accessed 2 December 2007).
183. Edwards, R. 2008, ‘Does the Current MyFC Model Have a Future?' MyFootball-Club.co.uk, 13 April. Online. Available http://members.myfootballclub.co.uk/item/does-the-current-myfc-model-have-a-future-31601 (accessed 13 April 2008).
184. Ehrlich, B. 2011, ‘Sports Fans Could Soon Tune in to Games Live on YouTube’, Mashable, 22 February. Online. Available http://mashable.com/2011/02/22/youtube-live-sports/ (accessed 2 March 2011).
185. Electronic Arts 2010, ‘Electronic Arts Updates Fiscal Year Outlook 2010', 11 January. Online. Available http://investor.ea.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=436876 (accessed 14 February 2011).
186. Elias, N. & Dunning, E. 1986, Quest for Excitement: Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process, Oxford: Blackwell.
187. Elliott, A. & Urry, J. 2010, Mobile Lives, London: Routledge.
188. Elmer, G. 2004, Profiling Machines: Mapping the Personal Information Economy, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
189. Eltham, B. 2011, ‘The Copyright Lobby’s Loose Facts’, Crikey, 18 March. Online. Available http://www.crikey.com.au/2011/03/18/the-copyright-lobby-why-youcant-believe-what-you-read/ (accessed 20 March 2011).
190. Epstein, R.A. 2005, ‘The Creators Own Ideas’, Technology Review, June, pp. 57-60.
191. ESPN Video 2009, ‘Virtual Playbook’, 19 May. Online. Available http://espn. go.com/video/clip?id=4178973 (accessed 11 February 2010).
192. Evans, S. 2007-2008, ‘Whose Stats are they Anyway? Analyzing the Battle Between Major League Baseball and Fantasy Game Sites’, Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law, 9(2), pp. 335-51.
193. Evens, T. & Lefever, K. 2011, ‘Watching the Football Game: Broadcasting Rights for the European Digital Television Market’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 35(1), pp. 33-49.
194. Evens, T., Lefever, K., Valcke, P., Schuurman, D. & De Marez, L. 2011, ‘Access to Premium Content on Mobile Television Platforms: The Case of Mobile Sports’, Telematics and Informatics, 28(1), pp. 32-39.
195. Fairweather, N.B. 2002, ‘Disembodied Sport: Ethical Issues in Virtual Sport, Electronic Games and Virtual Leisure’, Sport Technology: History, Philosophy and Policy, 21, pp. 235-49.
196. Farman, J. 2010, ‘Mapping the Digital Empire: Google Earth and the Process of Postmodern Cartography’, New Media & Society, 12(6), pp. 869-88.
197. Fenton, N. & Barassi, V. 2011, ‘Alternative Media and Social Networking Sites: The Politics of Individuation and Political Participation’, The Communication Review, 14(3), pp. 179-96.
198. Ferriter, M.M. 2009, '“Arguably the Greatest”: Sports Fans and Communities at Work on Wikipedia’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 127-54.
199. Flew, T. 2005, New Media: An Introduction, Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
200. Flint, J. 2011a, ‘Time Warner Cable, Lakers Strike 20-Year Deal’, Los Angeles Times, 14 February. Online. Available http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/14/sports/la-sp-0215-lakers-time-warner-20110215 (accessed 20 May 2011).
201. Flint, J. 2011b, ‘Time Warner Cable’s Lakers Deal is Bad news for Other Pay-TV Distributors’, Los Angeles Times, 16 February. Online. Available http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2011/02/time-warner-cableslaker-deal-is-bad-news-for-other-pay-tv-distributors.html (accessed 20 May 2011).
202. Florian, E. 2004, ‘Six Lessons from the Fast Lane’, Fortune Magazine, 6 September. Online. Available http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/09/06/380342/index.htm (accessed 10 August 2010).
203. Foran, M. 2008, ‘One Nation Under Madden’, Nielsen Wire, 3 November. Online. Available http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/sports/one-nation-under-maddenhow-the-madden-video-game-franchise-became-bigger-than-john-madden/ (accessed 3 September 2009).
204. Foucault, M. 1991, ‘Governmentality’, in G. Burchell, C. Gordon & P. Miller (eds), The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 87-104.
205. Four Corners 2009, ‘Code of Silence’, 11 May. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2009/s2565007.htm (accessed 12 May 2009).
206. Fox Sports 2011, ‘Former NRL Star and Greater Western Sydney Code-Crosser Israel Folau Uses Playstation to Learn AFL’, 1 June. Online. Available http://www.foxsports.com.au/afl/afl-premiership/former-nrl-star-and-greaterwestern-sydney-code-crosser-israel-folau-uses-playstation-to-learn-afl/storye6frf3e3-1226067017977 (accessed 1 June 2011).
207. Francombe, J. 2010, '“I Cheer, You Cheer, We Cheer”: Physical Technologies and the Normalized Body’, Television & New Media, 11(5), pp. 350-66.
208. Freeman, J. 2011, ‘Local E-Government: Politics and Civic Participation, ' unpublished PhD thesis, Monash University.
209. Friedman, J. 2008, ‘Ebbswhat?' in S. Denton (ed), the fleet@wembley: Ebbsfleet United-FA Trophy Winners 2008, Shrewsbury, UK: Jam Book Publishing, pp. 38-49.
210. Friedman, M. 2008, '5 Minute World Wide Fire Works’, Mike Friedman: Jelly Belly / Kenda Pro Cycling Team, 6 August. Online. Available http://www.mikefriedman.missingsaddle.com/2008/08/06/5-minute-world-wide-fire-works/ (accessed 6 August 2008).
211. Frost & Sullivan 2011, ‘Australian Online General and Mobile Advertising Market 2010', Sydney: Frost & Sullivan.
212. Fry, A. 2008a, ‘In Defiance of the Downturn’, Sport Business International, No. 139, October, pp. 34-39.
213. Fry, A. 2008b, ‘Fantasy Gaming Comes of Age’, Sport Business International, No. 135, June, pp. 22-25.
214. Fry, A. 2009, ‘New Dimension’, Sport Business International, No. 145, May, pp. 32-33.
215. Fry, A. 2010, ‘Measuring the Media’, Sport Business International, No. 156, May, pp. 20-21.
216. Gane, N. 2004, The Future of Social Theory, London: Continuum.
217. Gane, N. 2006, ‘Speed Up or Slow Down? Social Theory in the Information Age’, Information, Communication & Society, 9(1), pp. 20-38.
218. Gantz, W., Wang, Z., Bryant, P. & Potter, R.F. 2006, ‘Sports Versus All Comers: Comparing TV Sports Fans With Fans of Other Programming Genres’, Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 50(1), pp. 95-118.
219. Garofalo, R. 2003, ‘I Want My MP3: Who Owns Internet Music?' in M. Cloonan & R. Garofalo (eds), Policing Pop, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, pp. 30-45.
220. Gates, K. 2006, ‘Will Work for Copyrights: The Cultural Policy of Anti-Piracy Campaigns’, Social Semiotics, 16(1), pp. 57-73.
221. Gaudiosi, J. 2011, ‘EA Sports’ Madden Bowl XVII Video Game Tournament Goes Live on ESPN3.com’, Hollywood Reporter, 2 February. Online. Available http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ea-sports-madden-bowl-xvii-95812 (accessed 12 April 2011).
222. Gibson, O. 2009a, ‘Online Broadcaster Defends Decision Only to Show England Match on Web’, The Guardian, 5 October. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/oct/05/ukraine-england-football-perform-online (accessed 5 October 2009).
223. Gibson, O. 2009b, ‘Premier League Goes to War on Internet Pirates’, The Guardian, 22 January. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2009/jan/21/premier-league-cracks-down-on-illegal-broadcasts (accessed 22 January 2009).
224. Giddings, S. & Kennedy, H.W. 2010, '“Incremental Speed Increases Excitement”: Bodies, Space, Movement, and Televisual Change’, Television & New Media, 11(3), pp. 163-79.
225. Gillespie, T. 2007, Wired Shut: Copyright and the Shape of Digital Culture, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
226. Gillespie, T. 2009, ‘Characterizing Copyright in the Classroom: The Cultural Work of Antipiracy Campaigns’, Communication, Culture & Critique, 2(3), pp. 274-318.
227. Gilmour, R. 2009, ‘Ukraine v England: Internet Match Attracts 500, 000 Web Viewers’, The Telegraph, 11 October. Online. Available http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/england/6298446/Ukraine-v-England-internetmatch-attracts-500000-web-viewers.html (accessed 11 October 2009).
228. Giulianotti, R. 1999, Football: A Sociology of the Global Game, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
229. Giulianotti, R. 2002, ‘Supporters, Followers, Fans, and Flaneurs: A Taxonomy of Spectator Identities in Football’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 26(1), pp. 25-46.
230. Giulianotti, R. & Robertson, R. 2009, Globalization and Football, London: Sage.
231. Given, J. 2009, ‘Bothering About Broadband: Review Essay’, Media International Australia, No. 132, pp. 118-32.
232. Glendinning, M. 2009, ‘Follow the Leader: Serie A’, Sport Business International, No. 148, August, p. 33.
233. Goffman, E. 1990 [1959], The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Harmondsworth, London: Penguin.
234. Goggin, G. 2006, Cell Phone Culture: Mobile Technologies in Everyday Life, London: Routledge.
235. Goggin, G. 2011, Global Mobile Media, London: Routledge.
236. Goggin, G. & Hjorth, L. 2009, ‘Waiting to Participate Introduction’, Communication, Politics & Culture, 42(2), pp. 1-5.
237. Goggin, G. & Newell, C. 2000, ‘Crippling Paralympics? Media, Disability and Olympism’, Media International Australia, No. 97, pp. 71-83.
238. Goggin, G. & Spurgeon, C. 2007, ‘Premium Rate Culture: The New Business of Mobile Interactivity’, New Media & Society, 9(5), pp. 753-70.
239. Goldlust, J. 1987, Playing for Keeps: Sport, The Media and Society, Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.
240. Goldsmith, B. 2009, '“Outside the Box: Television 2018" Project Background, Research Questions, and Critical Uncertainties’, Record of the Communications and Policy Research Forum 2009, Sydney: Network Insight Institute, pp. 176-78.
241. Grady, J. 2007, ‘Fantasy Stats Case Tests Limits of Intellectual Property Protection in the Digital Age’, Sport Marketing Quarterly, 16(4), pp. 203-31.
242. Gray, J., Sandvoss, C. & Harrington, C. (eds) 2007, Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press.
243. Gregg, M. 2011, Work’s Intimacy, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
244. Groshell, W. 2008, ‘Linfield Keeper’s Trophy Final Day’, in S. Denton (ed), the fleet@wembley: Ebbsfleet United-FA Trophy Winners 2008, Shrewsbury, UK: Jam Book Publishing, pp. 82-90.
245. Grossman, L. 2006, ‘You-Yes, You-are TIME’s Person of the Year’, Time magazine, 13 December. Online. Available http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0, 9171, 1569514, 00.html (accessed 10 March 2011).
246. Gruneau, R. & Whitson, D. 1993, Hockey Night in Canada: Sport, Identities and Cultural Politics, Toronto: Garamond Press.
247. Gurak, L., Antonijevic, S., Johnson, L.A., Ratliff, C. & Reyman, J. (eds) 2004, Into the Blogosphere: Rhetoric, Community and Culture of Weblogs, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota.
248. Guttmann, A. 2002, The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
249. Guttmann, A. 2004 [1978], From Ritual to Record: The Nature of Modern Sports, New York: Columbia University Press.
250. Haigh, G. 1993, The Cricket War, Melbourne: Text Publishing.
251. Haigh, G. 2002, The Vincibles: A Suburban Cricket Season, Melbourne: Text Publishing.
252. Haigh, G. 2006, Silent Revolutions: Writings on Cricket History, Melbourne: Black Inc.
253. Haigh, G. 2008, Inside Out: Writings on Cricket Culture, Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
254. Haigh, G. 2010, Sphere of Influence: Writings on Cricket and its Discontents, Melbourne: Victory Books.
255. Halloran, J. 2010, ‘Australian Commonwealth Games Athletes Handed Twitter, Facebook Ban’, Fox Sports, 4 October. Online. Available http://www.foxsports.com.au/other-sports/australian-commonwealth-games-athletes-handed-twitter-facebook-ban/story-e6frf57c-1225933667743 (accessed 4 October 2010).
256. Halloran, J. 2011, ‘Australian Olympic Committee Designs Workshops to Teach Athletes Safe Use of Social Media’, Fox Sports, 20 February. Online. Available http://www.foxsports.com.au/other-sports/australian-olympiccommittee-designs-workshops-to-teach-athletes-safe-use-of-social-media/story-e6frf56c-1226008884990 (accessed 21 February 2011).
257. Halverson, E.R. & Halverson, R. 2008, ‘Fantasy Baseball: The Case for Competitive Fandom’, Games and Culture, 3(3-4), pp. 286-308.
258. Hamil, S., Walters, G. & Watson, L. 2010, ‘The Model of Governance at FC Barcelona: Balancing Member Democracy, Commercial Strategy, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sporting Performance’, Soccer & Society, 11(4), pp. 475-504.
259. Hammervold, R. & Solberg, H.A. 2006, ‘TV Sport Programs-Who is Willing to Pay to Watch’, Journal of Media Economics, 19(3), pp. 147-62.
260. Harambam, J., Aupers, S. & Houtman, D. 2011, ‘Game Over? Negotiating Modern Capitalism in Virtual Game Worlds’, European Journal of Cultural Studies, 14(3), pp. 299-319.
261. Hargreaves, J. 1994, Sporting Females: Critical Issues in the History and Sociology of Women’s Sport, London: Routledge.
262. Harvell, B. 2011, ‘We’ll Be Much Bigger Than Twitter’, Benharvell.com, 3 May. Online. Available http://www.benharvell.com/journal/2011/5/3/well-be-muchbigger-than-twitter-an-interview-with-tout-ceo.html (accessed 2 June 2011).
263. Harvey D. 2005, A Brief History of Neoliberalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
264. Hassan, R. 2011, ‘The Speed of Collapse: The Space-Time Dimensions of Capitalism’s Great Crisis of the 21st Century’, Critical Sociology, 37(4), pp. 385-402.
265. Hawthorne, M. 2010, ‘News Gags its Storm Website Critics’, The Age, 27 July. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/newsgags-its-storm-website-critics-20100726-10soh.html (accessed 27 July 2010).
266. Hawthorne, M. 2011, ‘Storm Boss Threatens to Sue Club Fan’, The Age, 20 January. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/storm-boss-threatens-to-sue-club-fan-20110119-19wnw.html (accessed 20 January 2011).
267. Haynes, R. 1995, The Football Imagination: The Rise of Football Fanzine Culture, Aldershot, UK: Arena.
268. Haynes, R. 1998, ‘A Pageant of Sound and Vision: Football’s Relationship with Television, 1936-60', International Journal of the History of Sport, 15(1), pp. 211-26.
269. Haynes, R. 2004, ‘The Fame Game: The Peculiarities of Sports Image Rights in the United Kingdom’, Trends in Communication, 12(2), pp. 101-16.
270. Heinrichs, P. 2007, ‘Rush to Block Web Broadcast of Soccer Final’, The Age, 18 February. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/news/soccer/rush-to-blockweb-broadcast-of-soccer-final/2007/02/17/1171405502827.html (accessed 18 February 2007).
271. Hellekson, K. & Busse, K. 2006, Fan Fiction and Fan Communities in the Age of the Internet, Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co.
272. Hermes, J. 2006, ‘Citizenship in the Age of the Internet’, European Journal of Communication, 21(3), pp. 295-309.
273. Hermida, A. 2010, ‘Twittering the News: The Emergence of Ambient Journalism’, Journalism Practice, 4(3), pp. 297-308.
274. Herz, J.C. 1997, Joystick Nation: How Videogames Ate Our Quarters, Won Our Hearts, and Rewired Our Minds, Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Co.
275. Herz, J.C. 2005, ‘Harnessing the Hive’, in J. Hartley (ed), Creative Industries, Malden, MA: Blackwell, pp. 327-41.
276. Hesmondhalgh, D. & Toynbee, J. 2008, ‘Why Media Studies Needs Better Social Theory’, in D. Hesmondhalgh & J. Toynbee (eds), The Media and Social Theory, London: Routledge, pp. 1-24.
277. Hill, C. 1992, Olympic Politics, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
278. Hills, M. 2002, Fan Cultures, London: Routledge.
279. Himanen, P. 2001, The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age, New York: Random House.
280. Hiscock, G. 2011, ‘Media Giant Wins IPL Cricket Rights’, The Australian, 22 March. Online. Available http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/in-depth/media-giant-wins-ipl-cricket-rights/story-e6frgaho-1226026145815 (accessed 23 March 2011).
281. Hoberman, J. 1995, ‘Toward a Theory of Olympic Internationalism’, Journal of Sport History, 22(1), pp. 1-37.
282. Holt, R. 1989, Sport and the British: A Modern History, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
283. Hornby, N. 1992, Fever Pitch, London: Victor Gollancz.
284. Horne, D. 1964, The Lucky Country, Ringwood, Victoria: Penguin Books.
285. Horne, J. 2006, Sport in Consumer Culture, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
286. Horne, J. & Whannel, G. 2010, ‘The “Caged Torch Procession”: Celebrities, Protesters and the 2008 Olympic Torch Relay in London, Paris and San Francisco’, Sport in Society, 13(5), pp. 760-70.
287. Howe, J. 2006, ‘The Rise of Crowdsourcing’, Wired 14.6, June. Online. Available http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.06/crowds.html (accessed 13 March 2007).
288. Howe, J. 2008, Crowdsourcing: How the Power of the Crowd is Driving the Future of Business, London: Random House.
289. Huizinga, J. 1955, Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture, Boston, MA: Beacon.
290. Humphreys, L. & Finlay, C.J. 2008, ‘New Technologies, New Narratives’, in M.E. Price & D. Dayan (eds), Owning the Olympics: Narratives of the New China, Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, pp. 284-306.
291. Humphreys, S., Fitzgerald, B., Banks, J. & Suzor, N. 2005, ‘Fan-Based Production for Computer Games: User-Led Innovation, the “Drift of Value” and Intellectual Property Rights’, Media International Australia, No. 114, pp. 16-29.
292. Hunsinger, J., Klastrup, L. & Allen, M. (eds) 2010, International Handbook of Internet Research, London: Springer.
293. Huntemann, N. 2010, ‘Irreconcilable Differences: Gender and Labor in the Video Game Workplace’, FlowTV, 11(6): http://flowtv.org/2010/01/irreconcilable-differences-gender-and-labor-in-the-video-game-workplace-nina-b-huntemannsuffolk-university/ (accessed 4 February 2010).
294. Hunter, A. 2011, ‘Liverpool Threatens Breakaway from Premier League’s TV Rights Deal’, The Guardian, 11 October. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/oct/11/liverpool-breakaway-tv-deal (accessed 11 October 2011).
295. Hunter, M. 2003, ‘McLuhan’s Pendulum: Reading Dialectics of Technological Distance’, in Sarai Reader: Shaping Technologies, Delhi: The Sarai Programme, pp. 144-56.
296. Hutcheon, S. 2008a, ‘Masked Cyclist: “I’d Do It Again”', The Age, 8 August. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/news/off-the-field/masked-cyclistid-do-it-again/2008/08/08/1218139043975.html (accessed 8 August 2008).
297. Hutcheon, S. 2008b, ‘Dalai Lama Muso Didn’t Mean to Hit iTunes’, Sydney Morning Herald, 22 August. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/news/technology/creator-shocked-at-china-itunes-ban/2008/08/22/1219262492497.html (accessed 22 August 2008).
298. Hutchins, B. 2002, Don Bradman: Challenging the Myth, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
299. Hutchins, B. 2007, ‘The Problem of Sport and Social Cohesion, ' in J. Jupp & J. Nieuwenhuysen with E. Dawson (eds), Social Cohesion in Australia, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, pp. 170-81.
300. Hutchins, B. 2008, ‘Signs of Meta-Change in Second Modernity: The Growth of e-Sport and the World Cyber Games, ' New Media & Society, 10(6), pp. 851-69.
301. Hutchins, B. 2009, '26 January 1981. The Opening of the Australian Institute of Sport: The Government Takes Control of the National Pastime’, in D. Roberts & M. Crotty (eds), Turning Points in Australian History, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press, pp. 198-210.
302. Hutchins, B. 2011, ‘The Acceleration of Media Sport Culture: Twitter, Telepresence and Online Messaging’, Information, Communication & Society, 14(2), pp. 237-57.
303. Hutchins, B. & Mikosza, J. 2010, ‘The Web 2.0 Olympics: Athlete Blogging, Social Networking and Policy Contradictions at the 2008 Beijing Games’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 279-97.
304. Hutchins, B. & Rowe, D. 2009a, ‘From Broadcast Rationing to Digital Plenitude: The Changing Dynamics of the Media Sport Content Economy’, Television & New Media, 10(4), pp. 354-70.
305. Hutchins, B. & Rowe, D. 2009b, '“A Battle Between Enraged Bulls”: The 2009 Australian Senate Inquiry into Sports News and Digital Media’, Record of the Communications Policy & Research Forum 2009, Sydney: Network Insight Institute, pp. 165-75.
306. Hutchins, B. & Rowe, D. 2010, ‘Reconfiguring Media Sport for the Online World: An Inquiry Into “Sports News and Digital Media”', International Journal of Communication, vol. 4, pp. 696-718.
307. Hutchins, B., Rowe, D. & Ruddock, A. 2009, '“It’s Fantasy Football Made Real”: Networked Media Sport, the Internet, and the Hybrid Reality of MyFootball-Club’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 89-106.
308. IGDA (International Game Developers Association) 2005, Game Developer Demographics: An Exploration of Workforce Diversity, San Francisco: IGDA.
309. Indvik, L. 2011, ‘Twitter Set New Tweets Per Second Record During Super Bowl’, Mashable, 9 February. Online. Available http://mashable.com/2011/02/09/twitter-super-bowl-tweets/ (accessed 9 February 2011).
310. Informa 2010, ‘Sports Broadcasting Summit 2010'. Online. Available http://www.informa.com.au/conferences/business/media/sports-broadcasting-summit-2010-P10I17 (accessed 21 May 2010).
311. Inoue, O. 2010, Nintendo Magic: Winning the Video Game Wars, New York: Vertical.
312. International Television Expert Group 2009, ‘IPTV Global Forecast (2008-2013)', November. Online. Available http://www.international-television.org/tv_market_data/global-iptv-forecast-2009-2013.html (accessed 17 June 2010).
313. Internet World Stats 2011, Online. Available http://www.internetworldstats.com/ stats.htm (accessed 31 March 2011).
314. IOC (International Olympic Committee) 2007, Olympic Charter, Lausanne, Switzerland: IOC.
315. IOC 2008a, IOC Internet Guidelines for the Written Press and Other Non-Rights Holding Media, Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008, Lausanne, Switzerland: IOC.
316. IOC 2008b, IOC Blogging Guidelines for Persons Accredited at the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008, Lausanne, Switzerland: IOC.
317. IOC 2009a, The Olympic Movement in Society: 121st IOC Session & XIII Olympic Congress, 5 October, Copenhagen, Denmark.
318. IOC 2009b, Submission to the Inquiry into the Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
319. IOC 2010, IOC Blogging Guidelines for Persons Accredited at the XXI Olympic Winter Games, Vancouver 2010, Lausanne, Switzerland: IOC.
320. IOC 2011, IOC Social Media, Blogging and Internet Guidelines for Participants and Other Accredited Persons at the London 2012 Olympic Games, Lausanne, Switzerland: IOC.
321. Jacka, E. 1994, ‘Researching Audiences: A Dialogue Between Cultural Studies and Social Science’, Media Information Australia, No. 73, pp. 93-98.
322. Jackson, G., Walter, B. & Prichard, G. 2009, ‘Mat Bites Off More Than He Can Chew’, Sydney Morning Herald, 21 August. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/mat-bites-off-more-than-he-can-chew-20091123-j1tm.html (accessed 21 August 2009).
323. Jansen, J. 2010, 65% of Internet Users Have Paid for Online Content, Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project.
324. Jenkins, H. 1992, Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture, New York: Routledge.
325. Jenkins, H. 2003, ‘Curt Schilling, Media Theorist?' Technology Review, 20 December. Online. Available http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/post.aspx?bid=293&bpid=15720 (accessed 27 August 2007).
326. Jenkins, H. 2005, ‘Games, the Lively New Art’, in J. Raessens & J. Goldstein (eds), Handbook of Computer Game Studies, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 175-89.
327. Jenkins, H. 2006a, Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide, New York: New York University Press.
328. Jenkins, H. 2006b, Fans, Bloggers, and Gamers: Exploring Participatory Culture, New York: New York University Press.
329. Jenkins, H. 2007, ‘Never Trust a Snake: WWF Wrestling as Masculine Melodrama’, in H. Jenkins, The Wow Climax: Tracing the Emotional Impact of Popular Culture, New York: New York University Press, pp. 75-101.
330. Jhally, S. 1984, ‘The Spectacle of Accumulation: Material and Cultural Factors in the Evolution of the Sports/Media Complex’, The Insurgent Sociologist, 12(3), pp. 41-57.
331. Jin, D.Y. 2010, Korea’s Online Gaming Empire, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
332. Johns, J. 2006, ‘Video Games Production Networks: Value Capture, Power Relations and Embeddedness’, Journal of Economic Geography, 6(2), pp. 151-80.
333. Johnson, V.E. 2009, ‘Everything New Is Old Again: Sport Television, Innovation, and Television for a Multi-Platform Era’, in A.D. Lotz (ed), Beyond Prime Time: Television Programming in the Post-Network Era, New York: Routledge, pp. 114-37.
334. Jonasson, K. & Thiborg, J. 2010, ‘Electronic Sport and its Impact on Future Sport’, Sport in Society, 13(2), pp. 287-99.
335. Jones, S. & Fox, S. 2009, Generations Online in 2009, Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project.
336. Joshi, S. 2007, ‘Virtually There: Cricket, Community, and Commerce on the Internet’, International Journal of the History of Sport, 24(9), pp. 1226-241.
337. Justin 2010, ‘Official PR-EA Sports FIFA Soccer Franchise Sales Top 100 Million Units Lifetime’, Gamer Investments, 4 November. Online. Available http://gamerinvestments.com/video-game-stocks/index.php/2010/11/04/official-prea-sports-fifa-soccer-franchise-sales-top-100-million-units-lifetime/ (accessed 3 January 2011).
338. Karaganis, J. (ed) 2011a, Media Piracy in Emerging Economies, New York: Social Science Research Council.
339. Karaganis, J. 2011b, ‘Introduction: Piracy and Enforcement in Global Perspective’, in J. Karaganis (ed), Media Piracy in Emerging Economies, New York: Social Science Research Council, pp. i-vi.
340. Karaganis, J. 2011c, ‘Rethinking Piracy’, in J. Karaganis (ed), Media Piracy in Emerging Economies, New York: Social Science Research Council, pp. 1-75.
341. Katz, E. & Scannell, P. (eds) 2009, ‘The End of Television? Its Impact on the World (So Far)', Special Issue of The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 625(1), pp. 6-236.
342. Kawashima, N. 2010, ‘The Rise of “User Creativity”-Web 2.0 and a New Challenge for Copyright Law and Cultural Policy’, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 16(3), pp. 337-53.
343. Keane, J. 1991, The Media and Democracy, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
344. Keane, J. 2009, The Life and Death of Democracy, Sydney: Pocket Books.
345. Kelso, P. 2003, ‘Footballer’s Agent Threatens to Sue Over Rape Case Rumours’, The Guardian, 2 October. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2003/oct/02/ukcrime.football (accessed 4 January 2010).
346. Kent, S.L. 2001, From Pong to Pokemon and Beyond… The Ultimate History of Video Games. The Story Behind the Craze that Touched Our Lives and Changed the World, New York: Three Rivers Press.
347. Kermond, C. 2010, ‘Internet Numbers to Get More Solid’, The Age, 8 October. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/business/media-and-marketing/internet-numbers-to-get-more-solid-20101007-169ts.html (accessed 8 October 2010).
348. Kermond, C. & Battersby, L. 2011, ‘Online Spoils Go to Telstra in AFL’s $1.2b Broadcast Rights Deal’, Sydney Morning Herald, 29 April, Online. http://www.smh.com.au/business/media-and-marketing/online-spoils-go-to-telstra-in-afls-12b-broadcast-rights-deal-20110428-1dz3t.html (accessed 5 June, 2011).
349. Kessler, S. 2011, ‘Virtual World Launches for Kids With Free Offline Sporting Equipment’, Mashable, 15 June. Online. Available http://mashable.com/2011/06/15/fungoplay-launch/ (accessed 19 June 2011).
350. Kilar, J. 2011, ‘Stewart, Colbert, and Hulu’s Thoughts About the Future of TV’, Hulu Blog, 2 February. Online. Available http://blog.hulu.com/2011/02/02/stewart-colbert-and-hulus-thoughts-about-the-future-of-tv/ (accessed 21 February 2011).
351. Kim, P. 2009, ‘Internet Protocol TV in Perspective: A Matrix of Continuity and Innovation’, Television & New Media, 10(6), pp. 536-45.
352. King, G. & Krzywinska, T. 2006, Tomb Raiders and Space Invaders: Videogame Forms and Contexts, London: I.B. Tauris.
353. Kiss, J. 2008, ‘Olympics: NBC Hails Multimedia “Phenomenon” in Games Coverage’, The Guardian, 14 August. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/aug/14/olympicsandthemedia.digitalmedia (accessed 15 August 2008).
354. Kiss, J. 2011, ‘Twitter Reveals it Has 100m Active Users’, The Guardian, 8 September. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/pda/2011/ sep/08/twitter-active-users (accessed 9 September 2011).
355. Kline, S., Dyer-Witheford, N. & de Peuter, G. 2003, Digital Play: The Interaction of Technology, Culture, and Marketing, Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
356. Koranteng, J. 2010, ‘Virtually There’, Sport Business International, No. 157, June, pp. 20-21.
357. Kreiss, D., Finn, M. & Turner, F. 2011, ‘The Limits of Peer Production: Some Reminders from Max Weber for the Network Society’, New Media & Society, 13(2), pp. 243-59.
358. Kruger, C. 2005, ‘Telstra Broadband Unlocks Revenue from Music and Video’, The Age, 19 December. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2005/12/18/1134840741250.html (accessed 19 December 2005).
359. Kuhn, K.L. 2009, ‘The Market Structure and Characteristics of Electronic Games’, in N. Pope, K. Kuhn & J. Forster (eds), Digital Sport For Performance Enhancement and Competitive Evolution, Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, pp. 257-85.
360. Kuhn, J. 2007, ‘Crowdsourcing Soccer in the UK’, Wired: Tech Biz, 13 July. Online. Available http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/07/crowdsourcing_soccer (accessed 2 December 2007).
361. Kumar, S. 2010, ‘Google Earth and the Nation State: Sovereignty in the Age of New Media’, Global Media and Communication, 6(2), pp. 154-76.
362. Lane, D. 2010, '“Beeker Shark” was Cronulla Web Critic’, Sydney Morning Herald, 25 July. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/beeker-shark-irvine-was-cronulla-web-critic-20100724-10phe.html (accessed 25 July 2010).
363. Lanham, R.A. 2006, The Economics of Attention: Style and Substance in the Age of Information, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
364. Lash, S. 2002, Critique of Information, London: Sage.
365. Latour, B. 1993, We Have Never Been Modern, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
366. Latour, B. 1999, Pandora’s Hope: Essays on the Reality of Science Studies, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
367. Lee, D. 2010, ‘What Happened to MyFootballClub and Ebbsfleet United?' BBC London, 6 September. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/london/hi/front_page/newsid_8967000/8967067.stm (accessed 7 October 2010).
368. Lee, J. 2010, ‘Content is King But Social Media Provide the Court Jesters’, The Age, 5 February. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/business/content-is-king-but-social-media-provide-the-court-jesters-201002 04-ngc7.html (accessed 5 February 2010).
369. Lenhart, A. 2009, Teens and Sexting, Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project.
370. Leonard, D. 2005, ‘To the White Extreme: Conquering Athletic Space, White Manhood, and Racing Virtual Reality’, in N. Garrelts (ed), Digital Gameplay: Essays on the Nexus of Game and Gamer, North Carolina: McFarland and Company, pp. 110-29.
371. Leonard, D. 2006, ‘Not a Hater, Just Keepin’ It Real: The Importance of Race-and Gender-Based Game Studies’, Games and Culture, 1(1), pp. 83-88.
372. Lessig, L. 2002, The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Collective World, New York: Vintage Books.
373. Lessig, L. 2005, ‘The People Own Ideas!' Technology Review, June, pp. 46-53.
374. Levinson, P. 1999, Digital McLuhan: A Guide to the Information Age, London: Routledge.
375. Leyshon, A., Webb, P., French, S., Thrift, N. & Crewe, L. 2005, ‘On the Reproduction of the Musical Economy After the Internet, ' Media, Culture & Society, 27(2), pp. 177-209.
376. Liedtke, M. 2010, ‘Viacom Loses to YouTube in Landmark Copyright Case’, The Huffington Post, 23 June. Online. Available http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/06/23/youtube-viacom-lawsuit-se_n_623256.html (accessed 4 July 2010).
377. Livingstone, S. 2009, ‘On the Mediation of Everything: ICA Presidential Address 2008', Journal of Communication, 59(1), pp. 1-18.
378. Lloyd-James, A., Gibson, R., Bell, P., Pattinson, H., Goldsmith, B., Chandler, A. & McKay, C. 2009, Outside The Box-Future of Television Dossier, Outside the Box Researchers, October.
379. Lomax, R.G. 2006, ‘Fantasy Sports: History, Game Types, and Research’, in A.A. Raney & J. Bryant (eds), Handbook of Sports and Media, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 383-92.
380. Lotz, A.D. 2007, The Television Will be Revolutionized, New York: New York University Press.
381. Lotz, A.D. (ed) 2009a, Beyond Prime Time: Television Programming in the Post-Network Era, New York: Routledge.
382. Lotz, A.D. 2009b, ‘Introduction’, in A.D. Lotz (ed), Beyond Prime Time: Television Programming in the Post-Network Era, New York: Routledge, pp. 1-13.
383. Lumby, C., Caple, H. & Greenwood, K. 2009, Towards a Level Playing Field: Sport and Gender in Australian Media, Canberra: Australian Sports Commission.
384. McClusky, M. 2010a, ‘Athletes Confused by Social Media Rules’, Wired: Epicenter, 5 February. Online. Available http://www.wired.com/epicenter/2010/02/athletes-confused-by-olympic-social-media-rules/ (accessed 6 February 2010).
385. McClusky, M. 2010b, ‘Golden Games for Social Media’, Playbook: The Wired World of Sports, 25 February. Online. Available http://www.wired.com/playbook/2010/02/golden-games-for-social-media/ (accessed 25 February 2010).
386. McCullagh, K. 2009a, ‘Piracy Battle Hotting Up’, Sport Business International, No. 144, April, p. 18.
387. McCullagh, K. 2009b, ‘Creating Social Networks’, Sport Business International, No. 146, June, pp. 18-19.
388. McCullagh, K. 2010, ‘Premier League’s Case Against YouTube Thrown Out of Court’, Sport Business.com, 25 June. Online. Available http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/178216/premier-leagues-case-against-youtube-thrown-out-ofcourt (accessed 1 August 2010).
389. McCullagh, K. 2011, ‘Elusive Value’, Sports Business International, No. 165, March, pp. 46-47.
390. McKay, J. 1991, No Pain, No Gain? Sport and Australian Culture, Sydney: Prentice Hall.
391. McKay, J., Messner, M.A. & Sabo, D. (eds) 2000, Masculinities, Gender Relations, and Sport, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
392. McLuhan, M. 2001 [1964], Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, London: Routledge Classics.
393. McMillen, A. 2011, ‘Why Did L.A. Noire Take Seven Years to Make?' IGN, 24 June. Online. Available http://au.xbox360.ign.com/articles/117/1179020p1.html (accessed 29 June 2011).
394. McRobbie, A. 2005, ‘Clubs to Companies’, in J. Hartley (ed), Creative Industries, Malden MA: Blackwell, pp. 375-90.
395. Macur, J. 2008, ‘U.S. Cyclists Are Masked, and Criticism is Not’, New York Times, 6 August. Online. Available http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/06/sports/olympics/06masks.html (accessed 6 August 2008).
396. Magdalinski, T. 2009, Sport, Technology and the Body: The Nature of Performance, Oxon, UK: Routledge.
397. Maguire, J. 1999, Global Sport: Identities, Societies, Civilizations, Cambridge, MA: Polity Press.
398. Majumdar, B. 2011, ‘The Indian Premier League and World Cricket’, in A. Bateman & J. Hill (eds), The Cambridge Companion to Cricket, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, pp. 173-86.
399. Malec, M.A. 1995, ‘Sports Discussion Groups on the Internet’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 19(1), pp. 108-14.
400. Malone, M. 2007, ‘User-Generated Soccer’, Portfolio.com, 15 October. Online. Available http://www.portfolio.com/culture-lifestyle/culture-inc/sports/2007/10/15/Will-Brooks-Fan-Ownership-Model (accessed 2 December 2007).
401. Mandle, W.F. 1976, ‘Cricket and Australian Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century’, in T.D. Jaques & G.R. Pavia (eds), Sport in Australia: Selected Readings in Physical Activity, Sydney: McGraw-Hill, pp. 46-72.
402. Manzenreiter, W. & Horne, J. (eds) 2004, Football Goes East: Business, Culture and The People’s Game in China, Japan and South Korea, London: Routledge.
403. Margalit, A. 2008, '“You’ll Never Walk Alone”: On Property, Community, and Football Fans’, Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 10(1), pp. 217-40.
404. Marshall, P.D. 1997, Celebrity and Power, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
405. Marshall, P.D. 2009, ‘Screens: Television’s Dispersed “Broadcast”', in G. Turner & J. Tay (eds), Television Studies After TV: Understanding Television in the Post-Broadcast Era, London: Routledge, pp. 41-50.
406. Marshall, P.D., Walker, B. & Russo, N. 2010, ‘Mediating the Olympics’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 263-78.
407. Marvin, C. 1988, When Old Technologies Were New, New York: Oxford University Press.
408. Marwick, A.E. & boyd, d. 2011, ‘I Tweet Honestly, I Tweet Passionately: Twitter Users, Context Collapse, and the Imagined Audience’, New Media & Society, 13(1), pp. 114-33.
409. Masters, R. 2011, ‘Footy Deal Scores Well for Viewers and Codes’, Sydney Morning Herald, 29 April. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/afl/afl-news/footy-deal-scores-well-for-viewers-and-codes-20110428-1dyxj.html (accessed 29 April 2011).
410. Maxwell, R. 2003, ‘The Marketplace Citizen and the Political Economy of Data Trade in the European Union’, in J. Lewis & T. Miller (eds), Critical Cultural Policy Studies: A Reader, Malden, MA: Blackwell, pp. 149-60.
411. Mean, L.J. 2010, ‘Making Masculinity and Framing Femininity: FIFA, Soccer, and World Cup Web Sites’, in H.L. Hundley & A.C. Billings (eds), Examining Identity in Sports Media, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 65-86.
412. Messner, M.A. 2007, Out of Play: Critical Essays on Gender and Sport, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
413. MFC (MyFootballClub) Podcast 2007-2009. Online. Available http://members.myfootballclub.co.uk/category/myfc-podcast/ (accessed between 23 December 2007-26 April 2009).
414. Miah, A. 2002, ‘Immersion and Abstraction in Virtual Sport’, Sport Technology: History, Philosophy and Policy, 21, pp. 225-33.
415. Miah, A., Garcia, B. & Zhihui, T. 2008, '“We are the Media”: Non-Accredited Media and Citizen Journalists at the Olympic Games’, in M.E. Price & D. Dayan (eds), Owning the Olympics: Narratives of the New China, Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, pp. 320-45.
416. Mikosza, J. 1997, Inching Forward: Newspaper Coverage and Portrayal of Women’s Sport in Australia, ACT: Womensport Australia.
417. Miller, A. 2009, ‘Twittering Cricketers’, ESPNcricinfo, 30 July. Online. Available http://www.espncricinfo.com/engvaus2009/content/story/417068.html (accessed 1 July 2011).
418. Miller, D. & Slater, D. 2000, The Internet: An Ethnographic Approach, Oxford: Berg.
419. Miller, T. 2001, Sportsex, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
420. Miller, T. 2006, ‘Gaming for Beginners’, Games and Culture, 1(1), pp. 5-12.
421. Miller, T. 2007, Cultural Citizenship: Cosmopolitanism, Consumerism, and Television in a Neoliberal Age, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
422. Miller, T. 2009, ‘Approach With Caution and Proceed With Care: Campaigning for the US Presidency “After” TV’, in G. Turner & J. Tay (eds), Television Studies After TV: Understanding Television in the Post-Broadcast Era, London: Routledge, pp. 75-82.
423. Miller, T. 2010a, ‘The Cognitariat’, Occasional Links and Commentary on Economics, Culture & Society, 3 August. Online. Available http://anticap.wordpress.com/2010/08/03/the-cognitariat/ (accessed 4 August 2010).
424. Miller, T. 2010b, ‘A Future for Media Studies’, in B. Beaty, D. Briton, G. Filax & R. Sullivan (eds), How Canadians Communicate III: Contexts of Canadian Popular Culture, Edmonton, Alberta: Athabasca University, pp. 35-53.
425. Miller, T., Lawrence, G., McKay, J. & Rowe, D. 2001, Globalization and Sport: Playing the World, London: Sage.
426. Miller, T., Rowe, D., McKay, J. & Lawrence, G. 2003, ‘The Over-Production of US Sports and the New International Division of Cultural Labor’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 48(4), pp. 427-40.
427. Millington, B. 2009, ‘Wii Has Never Been Modern: “Active” Video Games and the “Conduct of Conduct”', New Media & Society, 11(4), pp. 621-40.
428. Mirghani, S. 2011, ‘The War on Piracy: Analyzing the Discursive Battles of Corporate and Government-Sponsored Anti-Piracy Media Campaigns’, Critical Studies in Media Communication, 28(2), pp. 113-34.
429. Monbiot, G. 2008, ‘How Can the Rich Still be Buying Our Silence with this 13th-Century Law?' The Guardian, 17 September. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/sep/17/matthiasrath.medialaw (accessed 13 November 2009).
430. Mosco, V. 2004, The Digital Sublime: Myth, Power, and Cyberspace, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
431. Mueller, F. 2009, ‘Digital Sport: Merging Gaming with Sports to Enhance Physical Activities such as Jogging’, in N. Pope, K. Kuhn & J. Forster (eds), Digital Sport For Performance Enhancement and Competitive Evolution, Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, pp. 150-66.
432. Mulholland, W. 2007, ‘Just Who Controls the Rights to a Sporting Star’s Image? Behind the Leo Barry/AFL/Tabcorp Image Rights Stoush’, The ANZSLA Commentator, 69 (21 March), pp. 3-5.
433. NBC 2008, ‘NBC’s Complete Olympics’, nbcolympics.com, 9 July. Online. Available http://www.nbcolympics.com/newscenter/news/newsid=148556.html (accessed 7 November 2008).
434. Neale, W.C. 1964, ‘The Peculiar Economics of Professional Sports: A Contribution to the Theory of the Firm in Sporting Competition and in Market Competition’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 78(1), pp. 20-33.
435. Nesbit, T.M. & King, K.A. 2010, ‘The Impact of Fantasy Sports on Television Viewership’, Journal of Media Economics, 23(1), pp. 24-41.
436. NetResult 2008, Background Report on Digital Piracy of Sporting Events, Cambridge, UK: Envisional Ltd and NetResult Ltd.
437. Nicita, A. & Rossi, M.A. 2008, ‘Access to Audio-Visual Contents, Exclusivity and Anticommons in New Media Markets’, Communications and Strategies, 71(3), pp. 79-102.
438. Nieborg, D. & van der Graaf, S. 2008, ‘The Mod Industries? The Industrial Logic of Non-Market Game Production’, European Journal of Cultural Studies, 11(2), pp. 177-95.
439. Nielsen 2010, '14% Multi-Tasked and Got Social on the Web During Super Bowl’, Nielsen Wire, 12 February. Online. Available http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/14-multi-tasked-and-got-social-on-the-web-during-superbowl/ (accessed 12 February 2010).
440. Nielsen 2011, ‘Super Bowl XLV Most Viewed Telecast in U.S. Broadcast History’, Nielsen Wire, 7 February. Online. Available http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/media_entertainment/super-bowl-xlv-most-viewed-telecast-in-broadcasthistory (accessed 22 March 2011).
441. Nielsen NetRatings 2008-2010, Market Intelligence Domestic Sports, The Nielsen Company.
442. Nissenbaum, H. 2004, ‘Hackers and the Contested Ontology of Cyberspace’, New Media & Society, 6(2), pp. 195-217.
443. Novak, M. 1976, The Joy of Sports: End Zones, Bases, Baskets, Balls and the Consecration of the American Spirit, New York: Basic Books.
444. Oates, T.P. 2009, ‘New Media and the Repackaging of NFL Fandom’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 31-49.
445. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) 2007, Working Party on Communications Infrastructure and Services Policy, IPTV: Market Developments and Regulatory Treatment, Unclassified, DSTI/ICCP/CISP2006, 5/FINAL.
446. Oriard, M. 1993, Reading Football: How the Popular Press Created an American Spectacle, Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press.
447. Otto, J., Metz, S. & Ensmenger, N. 2011, ‘Sports Fans and Their Information-Gathering Habits: How Media Technologies Have Brought Fans Closer to Their Teams Over Time’, in W. Aspray & B.M. Hayes (eds), Everyday Information: The Evolution of Information Seeking in America, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 185-216.
448. Ourand, J. 2010, ‘Fox’ Hill Warns Leagues’ Streaming Efforts Could Turn Off Nets’, Street & Smith’s Sports Business Daily, 12 May. Online. Available http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/article/139268 (accessed 24 August 2010).
449. Ovum analysts 2008, ‘The Future’s Bright’, Sport Business International, No. 134, May, p. 22.
450. Pandaram, J. 2010, ‘Top for Tweets’, Sydney Morning Herald, 4 August. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/sport/speedster-blake-triggers-fourway-bidding-war-20100803-115ir.html (accessed 4 August 2010).
451. Parkins, W. & Craig, G. 2006, Slow Living, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.
452. Parliament of Australia Environment, Communications, Information Technology and the Arts References Committee 2006, About Time! Women in Sport and Recreation in Australia, Commonwealth of Australia.
453. Parliament of Australia Senate Standing Committee 2009, The Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Commonwealth of Australia.
454. Paul, P. 2010, ‘Men’s Hockey Final Most-Watched Television Event in Canadian History’, Toronto Examiner, 1 March. Online. Available http://www.examiner.com/headlines-in-toronto/men-s-hockey-final-most-watched-television-eventcanadian-history (accessed 1 March 2011).
455. Pells, E. 2010, ‘The Social Olympics: Twitter, Facebook Get the Message Out’, The Bismarck Tribune, 14 February. Online. Available http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/national/article_dc4c6f10-16ce-11df-8c16-001cc4c03286.html (accessed 14 February 2010).
456. Phillips, A. 2010, ‘Old Sources: New Bottles’, in N. Fenton (ed), New Media, Old News: Journalism and Democracy in the Digital Age, London: Sage, pp. 87-101.
457. Phillips, M.G. 1997, An Illusory Image: A Report on the Media Coverage and Portrayal of Women’s Sport in Australia, Canberra: Australian Sports Commission.
458. Pierik, J. 2010, ‘St Kilda Chief Backs Riewoldt After Scandal’, Sydney Morning Herald, 21 December. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/afl/afl-news/st-kilda-chief-backs-riewoldt-after-scandal-20101220-1936j.html (accessed 21 December 2010).
459. Pierik, J. 2011, ‘In Pay Battle, Image is Everything’, The Age, 2 September. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/afl/afl-news/in-pay-battle-image-is-everything-20110901-1jo8y.html (accessed 2 September 2011).
460. Pleyers, G. 2010, Alter-Globalization: Becoming Actors in the Global Age, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
461. Plunkett Research 2010, ‘Sports Industry Overview’. Online. Available http://www.plunkettresearch.com/sports%20recreation%20leisure%20market%20research/industry%20statistics (accessed 27 July 2010).
462. Plymire, D.C. 2009, ‘Remediating Football for the Posthuman Future: Embodiment and Subjectivity in Sport Video Games’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(1), pp. 17-30.
463. Plymire, D.C. & Forman, P.J. 2000, ‘Breaking the Silence: Lesbian Fans, the Internet, and the Sexual Politics of Women’s Sport’, International Journal of Sexuality and Gender Studies, 5(2), pp. 141-53.
464. Podell, I. 2011, ‘NHL Inks 10-Year Deal with NBC, Versus for Rights’, Huffington Post, 19 April. Online. Available http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/19/nhl-inks-10year-deal-with_n_851131.html (accessed 20 May 2011).
465. Poor, N. 2006, ‘Playing Internet Curveball with Traditional Media Gatekeepers: Pitcher Curt Schilling and Boston Red Sox Fans’, Convergence, 12(1), pp. 41-53.
466. Price, M.E. 2008, ‘On Seizing the Olympic Platform’, in M.E. Price & D. Dayan (eds), Owning the Olympics: Narratives of the New China, Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, 86-114.
467. PricewaterhouseCoopers 2007, Global Entertainment and Media Outlook 2007-2011, PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited.
468. PRLog 2008, ‘Olympic Athletes Worldwide Download “Songs For Tibet” Wearing a iPod Symbolizing Freedom’, 6 August. Online. Available http://www.prlog.org/10100238-olympic-athletes-worldwide-download-songs-for-tibet-wearingipod-symbolizing-freedom.html (accessed 8 August 2008).
469. Productivity Commission 2009, Annual Review of Regulatory Burdens on Business: Social and Economic Infrastructure Services, Commonwealth of Australia.
470. Proof Committee Hansard 2009, The Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, 15-16 April, 29 April. Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Commonwealth of Australia.
471. Puijk, R. 2004, ‘Television Sport on the Web: The Case of Norwegian Public Service Television’, Media, Culture & Society, 26(6), pp. 883-92.
472. Qing, L. & Richeri, G. 2011, Encoding the Olympics: The Beijing Olympic Games and the Communication Impact Worldwide, London: Routledge.
473. Qiu, J.L. 2009, Working-Class Network Society: Communication Technology and the Information Have-Less in Urban China, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
474. Read, A. 2010, The Essential Guide to Grass Roots Sports and Social Media, FundSport.
475. Redhead, S. 2007, ‘Those Absent from the Stadium are Always Right: Accelerated Culture, Sport Media, and Theory at the Speed of Light’, Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 31(3), pp. 226-41.
476. Rehak, B. 2003, ‘Playing at Being: Psychoanalysis and the Avatar’, in M.J.P. Wolf & B. Perron (eds), The Video Game Theory Reader, New York: Routledge, pp. 103-27.
477. Rettberg, J.W. 2008, Blogging, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
478. Reuters 2011, ‘Internet Ad Revenue Hits High in '10', 13 April. Online. Available http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/04/13/us-internetadvertising-idUKTRE73C6R420110413 (accessed 18 April 2011).
479. Rheingold, H. 2002, Smart Mobs: The Next Social Revolution, Cambridge, MA: Basic Books.
480. Richard, B. & Zaremba, J. 2005, ‘Gaming With Girls: Looking for Sheroes in Computer Games’, in J. Raessens & J. Goldstein (eds), Handbook of Computer Game Studies, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 283-300.
481. Roberts, K. 2009, ‘The View from the Top’, Sport Business International, No. 142, February, pp. 26-28.
482. Robertson, C. 2004, ‘A Sporting Gesture? BSkyB, Manchester United, Global Media, and Sport’, Television & New Media, 5(4), pp. 291-314.
483. Roche, M. 2000, Mega-Events and Modernity: Olympics and Expos in the Growth of Global Culture, London: Routledge.
484. Rockstar Spouse 2010, ‘Wives of Rockstar San Diego Employees Have Collected Themselves’, Gamastura, 7 January. http://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/RockstarSpouse/20100107/4032/Wives_of_Rockstar_San_Diego_employees_have_collected_themselves.php (accessed 22 January 2010).
485. Rodzvilla, J. (ed) 2002, We’ve Got Blog. How Weblogs are Changing Our Culture, Cambridge, MA: Perseus Publications.
486. Rojek, C. 2010, The Labour of Leisure: The Culture of Free Time, London: Sage.
487. Ross, A. 2009, Nice Work If You Can Get It: Life and Labor in Precarious Times, New York: NYU Press.
488. Ross, S.M. 2008, Beyond the Box: Television and the Internet, Oxford: Blackwell.
489. Rowe, D. 1995, Popular Cultures: Rock Music, Sport and the Politics of Pleasure, London: Sage.
490. Rowe, D. 2004a, Sport, Culture and the Media: The Unruly Trinity, 2nd edition, Berkshire, UK: Open University Press.
491. Rowe, D. 2004b, ‘Fulfilling the “Cultural Mission”: Popular Genre and the Public Remit’, European Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(3), pp. 381-400.
492. Rowe, D. 2004c, ‘Watching Brief: Cultural Citizenship and Viewing Rights’, Sport in Society, 7(3), pp. 385-402.
493. Rowe, D. 2005, ‘Fourth Estate or Fan Club? Sports Journalism Engages the Popular’, in S. Allan (ed), Journalism: Critical Issues, Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press, pp. 125-36.
494. Rowe, D. 2007, ‘Sports Journalism: Still the “Toy Department” of the News Media?' Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism, 8(4), pp. 385-405.
495. Rowe, D. 2011a, ‘Sports Media: Beyond Broadcasting, Beyond Sports, Beyond Societies?' in A. Billings (ed), Sports Media: Transformation, Integration, Consumption, New York: Routledge, pp. 94-113.
496. Rowe, D. 2011b, Global Media Sport: Flows, Forms and Futures, London: Bloomsbury Academic.
497. Rowe, D. 2011c, ‘Sport and its Audiences’, in V. Nightingale (ed), Handbook of Media Audiences, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 509-26.
498. Rowe, D. & Gilmour, C. 2008, ‘Contemporary Media Sport: De-or Re-Westernization?' International Journal of Sport Communication, 1(2), pp. 177-94.
499. Rowe, D. & McKay, J. 2012, ‘Torchlight Temptations: Hosting the Olympics and the Global Gaze’, in J. Sugden & A. Tomlinson (eds), Watching the Games: Politics, Power and Representation in the London Olympiad, London: Routledge, pp. 122-37.
500. Rowe, D., Ruddock, A. & Hutchins, B. 2010, ‘Cultures of Complaint: Online Fan Message Boards and Networked Digital Media Sport Communities, ' Convergence, 16(3), pp. 298-315.
501. Roy, D.P. & Goss, B.D. 2009, ‘A League of Our Own: Empowerment of Sports Consumers Through Fantasy Sports Participation’, in N. Pope, K. Kuhn & J. Forster (eds), Digital Sport For Performance Enhancement and Competitive Evolution, Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, pp. 178-93.
502. Royse, P., Lee, J., Undrahbuyan, B., Hopson, M. & Consalvo, M. 2007, ‘Women and Games: Technologies of the Gendered Self’, New Media & Society, 9(4), pp. 555-76.
503. Ruddock, A. 2001, Understanding Audiences, London: Sage.
504. Ruddock, A., Hutchins, B. & Rowe, D. 2010, ‘Contradictions in Media Sport Culture: The Reinscription of Football Supporter Traditions through Online Media’, European Journal of Cultural Studies, 13(3), pp. 323-39.
505. Ryan, J. 2010, A History of the Internet and the Digital Future, London: Reaktion Books.
506. Sailing Sponsorship Editor 2009, ‘Volvo Ocean Race Media Figures Show Importance of Digital’, Yachtsponsorship.com, 12 November. Online. Available http://www.yachtsponsorship.com/2009/11/volvo-ocean-race-media-figuresshow-importance-of-digital/ (accessed 2 April 2010).
507. Sainsbury, M. 2006, ‘Telstra Gets a Media Makeover’, The Australian, 1 July. Online. Available http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/telstra-gets-a-mediamakeover/story-e6frgal6-1111112127927 (accessed 20 April 2008).
508. Sanderson, J. 2008a, '“You Are the Type of Person That Children Should Look up to as a Hero”: Parasocial Interaction on 38pitches.com’, International Journal of Sport Communication, 1(3), pp. 337-60.
509. Sanderson, J. 2008b, ‘The Blog is Serving Its Purpose: Self-Presentation Strategies on 38pitches.com’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(4), pp. 912-36.
510. Sanderson, J. 2009a, ‘Professional Athletes’ Shrinking Privacy Boundaries: Fans, Information and Communication Technologies, and Athlete Monitoring’, International Journal of Sport Communication, 2(2), pp. 240-56.
511. Sanderson, J. 2009b, '“Thanks for Fighting the Good Fight”: Cultivating Dissent on Blogmaverick.com’, Southern Communication Journal, 74(4), pp. 390-405.
512. Sanderson, J. 2010, ‘Weighing in on the Coaching Decision: Discussing Sports and Race Online’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 29(3), pp. 301-20.
513. Sandvoss, C. 2003, A Game of Two Halves: Football, Television and Globalization, London: Routledge.
514. Sanna, D. 2008, ‘Northerners on Tour’, in S. Denton (ed), the fleet@wembley: Ebbsfleet United-FA Trophy Winners 2008, Shrewsbury, UK: Jam Book Publishing, pp. 50-59.
515. Saurine, A. 2008, ‘Stephanie Rice Facebook Pictures Censored’, The Daily Telegraph, 2 April. Online. Available http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/ricefacebook-pics-censored/story-0-1111115947818 (accessed 2 July 2011).
516. Schechner, S. & Ovide, S. 2010, ‘Record Draw for Super Bowl: An Audience of 106.5 Million Bucks Trend of Declining Viewership for Networks’, The Wall Street Journal: Media and Marketing, 7 February. Online. Available http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703615904575053300315837616.html (accessed 6 December 2010).
517. Schell, M.J. 1999, Baseball’s All-Time Best Hitters: How Statistics Can Level the Playing Field, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
518. Scherer, J. 2007, ‘Globalization, Promotional Culture and the Production/Consumption of Online Games: Engaging Adidas’s “Beat Rugby” Campaign’, New Media & Society, 9(3), pp. 475-96.
519. Scherer, J. & Rowe, D. (eds) 2012 forthcoming, Sport, Public Broadcasting, and Cultural Citizenship: Signal Lost?, New York: Routledge.
520. Scherer, J. & Whitson, D. 2009, ‘Public Broadcasting, Sport, and Cultural Citizenship’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 44(2/3), pp. 213-29.
521. Schimmel, K.S., Harrington, C.L. & Bielby, D.D. 2007, ‘Keep Your Fans to Yourself: The Disjuncture between Sports Studies’ and Pop Culture Studies’ Perspectives on Fandom’, Sport in Society, 10(4), pp. 580-600.
522. Schmitt, B., Rogers, D.L. & Vrotsos, K. 2004, There’s No Business That’s Not Show Business: Marketing in an Experience Culture, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Financial Times Press.
523. Schonfeld, E. 2009, ‘Twitter Reaches 44.5 Million People Worldwide in June’, TechCrunch, 3 August. Online. Available http://techcrunch.com/2009/08/03/twitter-reaches-445-million-people-worldwide-in-june-comscore/ (accessed 15 February 2010).
524. Schudson, M. 2008, Why Democracies Need an Unlovable Press, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
525. Scibilia, M. & Hutchins, B. 2012, ‘High Stakes Television: Fan Engagement, Market Literacy and the Battle for Sports Content, ' Media International Australia, No. 141, pp. 26-37.
526. Scott, A. 2007, '2020 Television, ' Inside Sport, December, pp. 39-46.
527. Seidman, R. 2011, ‘Super Bowl XLV on FOX Is Most-Watched Program in TV History’, Network TV Press Releases, TV Sports Ratings & News, 7 February. Online. Available http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/02/07/super-bowlxlv-on-fox-is-most-watched-program-in-tv-history/81751 (accessed 9 February 2011).
528. Sennett, R. 1998, The Corrosion of Character: The Personal Consequences of Work in the New Capitalism, New York: W.W. Norton.
529. Servon, L.J. & Pinkett, R.D. 2004, ‘Narrowing the Digital Divide: The Potential and Limits of the US Community and Technology Movement’, in M. Castells (ed), The Network Society: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, pp. 319-38.
530. Shirky, C. 2010, Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age, New York: Penguin Press.
531. Silberman, L. 2009, ‘Double Play: How Video Games Mediate Physical Performance for Elite Athletes’, in N. Pope, K. Kuhn & J. Forster (eds), Digital Sport For Performance Enhancement and Competitive Evolution, Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, pp. 167-77.
532. Silkstone, D. 2010, ‘Scandal Playing Out Far from the Realm of Sport’, The Age, 22 December. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/afl/afl-news/scandal-playing-out-far-from-the-realm-of-sport-20101221-194eq.html (accessed 22 December 2010).
533. Silverman, C. 2010, ‘Inside the Social Media Strategy of the Winter Olympics Games’, Mediashift, 12 February. Online. Available http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2010/02/inside-the-social-media-strategy-of-the-winter-olympicgames043.html (accessed 15 February 2010).
534. Silverstone, R. 2007, Media and Morality: On the Rise of the Mediapolis, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
535. Sinclair, L. 2010, ‘Cricket Australia Among Sports Losing Cash to Net Piracy’, The Australian, 1 March. Online. Available http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/cricker-australia-among-sports-losing-cash-to-net-piracy/storye6frg996-1225835350611 (accessed 1 March 2010).
536. Singer, J.B. 2005, ‘The Political J-Blogger: “Normalizing” a New Media Form to Fit Old Norms and Practices’, Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism, 6(2), pp. 173-98.
537. Singer, J.B. 2011, ‘Journalism in a Network’, in M. Deuze (ed), Managing Media Work, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 103-09.
538. Sinnott, J. 2007, ‘Fans Given Club Takeover Chance’, BBC Sport: Football, 1 May. Online. Available http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/6611729.stm (accessed 3 December 2007).
539. Skeels, M.M. & Grudin, J. 2009, ‘When Social Networks Cross Boundaries: A Case Study of Workplace Use of Facebook and LinkedIn’, in Proceedings of Group’09, Sanibel Island, Florida, pp. 95-104.
540. Smart, B. 2005, The Sport Star: Modern Sport and the Cultural Economy of Sporting Celebrity, London: Sage.
541. Smart, B. 2007, ‘Not Playing Around: Global Capitalism, Modern Sport and Consumer Culture’, Global Networks, 7(2), pp. 113-34.
542. Smith, M.D. 2008, ‘Judo Olympian Ronda Rousey Uses Her Blog to Accuse an Official of Molesting Athletes’, AOL Fanhouse, 25 June. Online. Available http://olympics.fanhouse.com/2008/06/25/judo-olympian-ronda-rousey-usesher-blog-to-accuse-an-official-o/ (accessed 15 July 2008).
543. Smith, P. 2010, ‘The Politics of Sports Rights: The Regulation of Television Sports Rights in the UK’, Convergence, 16(3), pp. 316-33.
544. Smith, T. 2011, ‘Global Web Index: Global State of Social Media in 2011', Trendstream, 15 February. Online. Available http://globalwebindex.net/thinking/theglobal-state-of-social-media-in-2011/ (accessed 17 February 2011).
545. Snedden, M. 2011, ‘CEO Column: One Million Fans Can’t Be Wrong’, Twenty11: The Official Newsletter of the Rugby World Cup, May. Online. Available http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/mediazone/news/newsid=2042880.html (accessed 2 June 2011).
546. Snickars, P. & Vonderau, P. (eds) 2009, The YouTube Reader, Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
547. Song, F.W. 2010, ‘Theorizing Web 2.0: A Cultural Perspective’, Information, Communication & Society, 13(2), pp. 249-75.
548. Sparre, K. 2007a, ‘Athletes Are Forbidden to Update Websites and Blogs from Pan Am Games’, Play the Game, 23 February. Online. Available http://www.playthegame.org/news/detailed/athletes-are-forbidden-to-update-websites-andblogs-from-pan-am-games-1133.html (accessed 25 February 2007).
549. Sparre, K. 2007b, ‘Athletes at Pan Am Games May Update their Websites After All’, Play the Game, 28 June. Online. Available http://www.playthegame.org/Home/News/Up_To_Date/Athletes_at_Pan_Am_Games_may_update_their_websites_after_all_21064.aspx (accessed 28 June 2007).
550. Spigel, L. & Olsson, J. (eds) 2004, Television After TV: Essays on a Medium in Transition, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
551. Sport and Technology 2008, ‘Comment-Looking Back, Part 2', February. Monthly Newsletter.
552. Sport Business 2008, ‘Sport and Technology: The Conference 2008', Post Event Paper, 13 June.
553. Sport Business International 2008, ‘Serie A’, No. 141, August, p. 23.
554. Sport Business International 2011a, ‘Social Streaming’, No. 169, July, p. 20.
555. Sport Business International 2011b, ‘Facebook Boost for UFC’, No. 167, May, pp. 22-23.
556. Sport Business International 2011c, ‘US Olympic Rights’, No. 169, July, p. 9.
557. Sport Business International 2011d, ‘Cunning Rebrand’, No. 170, August, p. 23.
558. SportingPulse 2011, ‘Partnerships’. Online. Available http://corp.sportingpulse.com/index.php?id=54 (accessed 20 April 2011).
559. Sports Geek 2010a, ‘Digital and TV Rights-What To Do?' 19 April. Online. Available http://sportsgeek.com.au/web/digital-tv-rights-what-to-do/ (accessed 19 April 2010).
560. Sports Geek 2010b, ‘A Look at the “Super Bowl Effect”', 18 February. Online. Available http://sportsgeek.com.au/social-media/a-look-at-the-super-bowl-effect/ (accessed 4 March 2010).
561. Sprouse, M. 2010, ‘Fantasy Football is Not a Workplace Distraction’, Fantazzle Fantasy Sports, 14 December.
562. Spurgeon, C. 2008, Advertising and New Media, London: Routledge.
563. Stauff, M. 2009, ‘Sports on YouTube’, in P. Snickars & P. Vonderau (eds), The You-Tube Reader, Stockholm, Sweden: National Library of Sweden, pp. 236-52.
564. Stuart, K. 2010, ‘Sports Sims: How They Become the Real Deal’, The Guardian, 13 June. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/jun/13/sports-sims-motion-capture-technology (accessed 10 May 2011).
565. Sugden, J. 2002, ‘Network Football’, in J. Sugden & A. Tomlinson (eds), Power Play: A Critical Sociology of Sport, London: Routledge, pp. 61-80.
566. Sugden, J. & Tomlinson, A. 1998, FIFA and the Contest for World Football: Who Rules the People’s Game? Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
567. Sundaram, R. 2010, Pirate Modernity: Delhi’s Media Urbanism, London: Routledge.
568. Surowiecki, J. 2005, The Wisdom of Crowds, New York: Anchor Books.
569. Sweney, M. 2011, ‘Perform Digital Rights Group to Float on Stock Exchange’, The Guardian, 10 March. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/mar/10/perform-group-ipo-stock-exchange (accessed 12 March 2011).
570. Sydney Morning Herald 2011, ‘Fairfax Media Breaks Ranks with Rugby’s Top Body to Cover World Cup’, 24 August. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-union/union-news/fairfax-media-breaks-ranks-with-rugbys-topbody-to-cover-world-cup-20110824-1j9sd.html (accessed 24 August 2011).
571. Taylor, D. 2011, ‘Liverpool’s Ryan Babel Faces FA Probe for Twitter Blast at Howard Webb’, The Guardian, 9 January. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/jan/09/ryan-babel-howard-webb-manchester-united-liverpool (accessed 16 January 2011).
572. Taylor, L. 2011, ‘Clubs Should Serve the Fans, Not Pander to Fantasies of Democracy’, The Guardian, 13 January. Online. Available http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/blog/2011/jan/13/football-fans-chairman-democracy (accessed 14 January 2011).
573. Taylor, N., Jenson, J. & de Castell, S. 2009, ‘Cheerleaders/Booth Babes/Halo Hoes: Pro-Gaming, Gender and Jobs for the Boys’, Digital Creativity, 20(4), pp. 239-52.
574. Taylor, T.L. 2006a, ‘Does WoW Change Everything? How a PvP Server, Multinational Player Base, and Surveillance Mod Scene Caused Me Pause’, Games and Culture, 1(4), pp. 318-37.
575. Taylor, T.L. 2006b, Play Between Worlds: Exploring Online Game Culture, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
576. Telstra 2011, (Media Release) ‘All AFL Matches Live on Mobiles, Tablets and Telstra T-Box’, 28 April. Online. Available http://www.telstra.com.au/abouttelstra/media-centre/announcements/all-afl-matches-live-on-mobiles-tabletsand-telstra-t-box.xml (accessed 5 June 2011).
577. Tennis Australia 2009, Submission to the Inquiry into the Reporting of Sports News and the Emergence of Digital Media, Senate Standing Committee on Environment, Communications and the Arts, Canberra: Parliament of Australia.
578. The Sports Factor 2007, ‘My Football Club’, ABC Radio National, 11 May. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/rn/sportsfactor/stories/2007/1920243.htm (accessed 2 October 2007).
579. The Sports Factor 2008, ‘On Your Blogs, Get Set, Go! Athletes and the New Media’, ABC Radio National, 7 March. Online. Available http://www.abc.net.au/rn/sportsfactor/stories/2008/2179195.htm (accessed 7 March 2008).
580. Theodoropoulou, V. 2007, ‘The Anti-Fan Within the Fan: Awe and Envy in Sport Fandom’, in J. Gray, C. Sandvoss & C. Harrington (eds), Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press, pp. 316-27.
581. Thompson, J.B. 2000, Political Scandal: Power and Visibility in the Media Age, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
582. Thompson, J.B. 2005, ‘The New Visibility’, Theory, Culture & Society, 22(6), pp. 31-51.
583. Timmons, H. 2010, ‘Google Sees a New Role for YouTube: An Outlet for Live Sports’, The New York Times, 2 May. Online. Available http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/03/business/media/03cricket.html (accessed 2 May 2010).
584. Tomlinson, A. & Young, C. (eds) 2006, National Identity and Global Sports Events: Culture, Politics, and Spectacle in the Olympics and the Football World Cup, New York: State University of New York Press.
585. Tomlinson, J. 2007, The Culture of Speed: The Coming of Immediacy, London: Sage.
586. Tulloch, J. & Jenkins, H. 1995, Science Fiction Audiences: Watching Doctor Who and Star Trek, London: Routledge.
587. Turner, G. 2009, ‘Television and the Nation: Does This Matter Anymore?' in G. Turner & J. Tay (eds), Television Studies After TV: Understanding Television in the Post-Broadcast Era, London: Routledge, pp. 54-64.
588. Turner, G. & Tay, J. (eds) 2009, Television Studies after TV: Understanding Television in the Post-Broadcast Era, London: Routledge.
589. Tushnet, R. 2007, ‘Copyright Law, Fan Practices, and the Rights of the Author’, in J. Gray, C. Sandvoss & C. Harrington (eds), Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press, pp. 60-71.
590. Tussey, E. 2009, ‘Foam Finger Cubicle: Selling ESPN360 as Workspace Media’, FlowTV, 10(10): http://flowtv.org/?p=4424 (accessed 18 October 2009).
591. Urry, J. 2007, Mobilities, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
592. Valtysson, B. 2010, ‘Access Culture: Web 2.0 and Cultural Participation’, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 16(2), pp. 200-14.
593. Van Dijck, J. 2009, ‘Users Like You? Theorizing Agency in User-Generated Content’, Media, Culture & Society, 31(1), pp. 41-58.
594. Van Dijck, J. & Nieborg, D. 2009, ‘Wikinomics and its Discontents: A Critical Analysis of Web 2.0 Business Manifestos’, New Media & Society, 11(5), pp. 855-74.
595. Van Grove, J. 2011, ‘WordPress.com Blogs Garnered 23 Billion Pageviews in 2010', Mashable, 7 January. Online. Available http://mashable.com/2011/01/07/wordpress-blogs/ (accessed 7 January 2011).
596. Viocorp 2009, ‘Australian Open-Wildcard Tournament’, December. Online. Available http://www.viocorp.com/Showcase/december_showdown.html (accessed 20 January 2010).
597. Virilio, P. 1986, Speed and Politics, New York: Semiotext(e).
598. Virilio, P. 2001, ‘Not Words But Visions! Interview with Nicholas Zurbrugg’, in J. Armitage (ed), Virilio Live: Selected Interviews, London: Sage, pp. 154-63.
599. Virilio, P. 2007, The Original Accident, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
600. Wajcman, J., Bittman, M. & Brown, J. 2009, ‘Intimate Connections: The Impact of the Mobile Phone on Work/Life Boundaries’, in G. Goggin & L. Hjorth (eds), Mobile Technologies: From Telecommunications to Media, New York: Routledge, pp. 9-22.
601. Walter, B. 2010, ‘Monaghan Faces Sack Over Mad Monday Dog Photo Disgrace’, Sydney Morning Herald, 5 November. Online. Available http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/monaghan-faces-sack-over-mad-monday-dogphoto-disgrace-20101104-17fx1.html (accessed 5 November 2010).
602. Wann, D.L., Melnick, M.J., Russell, G.W. & Pease, D.G 2001, Sports Fans: The Psychological and Social Impact of Spectators, New York: Routledge.
603. Ware, W. 2008, ‘One in 29, 700', MyFootballClub.co.uk, 26 April. Online. Available http://members.myfootballclub.co.uk/article-33402# (accessed 26 April 2008).
604. Wark, M. 2007, Gamer Theory, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
605. Waters, R.L. 2003, '21st Century Corporate Mediathletics: How Did We Get to Slamball?' Journal of Sports Law and Contemporary Problems, 1(1), pp. 1-12.
606. Watts, R.B. 2008, ‘The Florida Gator Nation Online’, in L.W. Hugenberg, P.M. Haridakis & A.C. Earnheardt (eds), Sports Mania: Essays on Fandom and the Media in the 21st Century, North Carolina: McFarland and Co., pp. 243-56.
607. Weber, S. 1996, Mass Mediauras: Form, Technics, Media, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
608. Wenger, E. 1998, Communities of Practice: Learning, Media, Identity, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
609. Wenner, L.A. (ed) 1998, MediaSport, London: Routledge.
610. Whannel, G. 1992, Fields in Vision: Television Sport and Cultural Transformation, London: Routledge.
611. Whannel, G. 2002, Media Sport Stars: Masculinities and Moralities, London: Routledge.
612. What the Trend 2011, ‘Twitter Trends’. Online. Available http://www.whatthetrend.com/ (accessed 17 January 2011).
613. White, D. 2009, ‘Newcastle Pay Joey Barton £675, 000 a Year for Image Rights’, The Telegraph, 14 June. Online. Available http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/5526418/Newcastle-pay-Joey-Barton-675000-ayear-for-image-rights.html (accessed 23 November 2009).
614. Whitson, D. 1998, ‘Circuits of Promotion: Media, Marketing and the Globalization of Sport’, in L.A. Wenner (ed), MediaSport, London: Routledge, pp. 57-72.
615. Williams, R. 1974, Television: Technology and Cultural Form, London: Fontana/Collins.
616. Wilner, B. 2009, ‘The NFL on TV: Thriving Through the Downturn’, Sport Business International, No. 147, July, pp. 20-21.
617. Wilner, B. 2010, ‘NFL Fines Favre $50K for “Failure to Cooperate”', Washington Times, 29 December. Online. Available http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/29/nfl-fines-favre-50k-failure-cooperate/ (accessed 23 January 2011).
618. Wilson, B. 2007, ‘New Media, Social Movements, and Global Sport Studies: A Revolutionary Moment and the Sociology of Sport’, Sociology of Sport Journal, 24(4), pp. 457-77.
619. Wilson, W. 2007, ‘All Together Now, Click: MLS Soccer Fans in Cyberspace’, Soccer & Society, 8(2-3), pp. 381-98.
620. Winston, B. 1998, Media Technology and Society. A History: From the Telegraph to the Internet, London: Routledge.
621. Wolf, M.J. 1999, The Entertainment Economy: The Mega-Media Forces that are Re-Shaping Our Lives, New York: Penguin.
622. Woolgar, S. (ed) 2002, Virtual Society? Technology, Cyberole, Reality, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
623. WSC (When Saturday Comes) 2007, ‘Gagged to Order’, November. Online. Available http://www.wsc.co.uk/content/view/290/29/ (accessed 17 June 2008).
624. Xinhua 2008, ‘IOC Official Praises China Anti-Piracy Efforts’, China Daily, 22 August. Online. Available http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2008-08/22/content_6960971.htm (accessed 29 August 2008).
625. Yar, M. 2005, ‘The Global “Epidemic” of Movie “Piracy”: Crime-Wave or Social Construction?' Media, Culture & Society, 27(5), pp. 677-96.
626. Yar, M. 2008, ‘The Rhetorics and Myths of Anti-Piracy Campaigns: Criminalization, Moral Pedagogy and Capitalist Property Relations in the Classroom’, New Media & Society, 10(4), pp. 605-23.
627. Yeates, C. 2011, ‘Old Media Powers Warned About Digital’, The Age, 25 July. Online. Available http://www.theage.com.au/business/old-media-powerswarned-about-digital-content-20110724-1hvgp.html (accessed 25 July 2011).
628. YouTube 2010, ‘The TechJournal.com-Olympic Twitter Tracker Visualizes Tweets’. Online. Available http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQazwDC7wBI&feature=mfu_in_order&list=UL (accessed 2 March 2010).
629. Zhang, L.L. 2006, ‘Behind the “Great Firewall”: Decoding China’s Internet Media Policies from the Inside’, Convergence, 12(3), pp. 271-91.