메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 643-655

Insight into the structural features of pyrazolopyrimidine- and pyrazolopyridine-based B-RafV600E kinase inhibitors by computational explorations

Author keywords

3D QSAR; docking; md; Pyrazolopyrimidine and pyrazolopyridine based inhibitors

Indexed keywords

B RAF KINASE; B RAF KINASE INHIBITOR; PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVE; PYRAZOLOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; PYRAZOLOPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVE; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; PYRAZOLOPYRIDINE;

EID: 84901189082     PISSN: 17470277     EISSN: 17470285     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12276     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (5)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 0021341930 scopus 로고
    • The human homologs of the raf (mil) oncogene are located on human chromosomes 3 and 4
    • Bonner T., O'Brien S.J., Nash W.G., Rapp U.R., Morton C.C., Leder P., (1984) The human homologs of the raf (mil) oncogene are located on human chromosomes 3 and 4. Science; 223: 71-74.
    • (1984) Science , vol.223 , pp. 71-74
    • Bonner, T.1    O'Brien, S.J.2    Nash, W.G.3    Rapp, U.R.4    Morton, C.C.5    Leder, P.6
  • 3
    • 0021176623 scopus 로고
    • Homologous cell-derived oncogenes in avian carcinoma virus MH2 and murine sarcoma virus 3611
    • Jansen H.W., Lurz R., Bister K., Bonner T.I., Mark G.E., Rapp U.R., (1984) Homologous cell-derived oncogenes in avian carcinoma virus MH2 and murine sarcoma virus 3611. Nature; 307: 281-284.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , pp. 281-284
    • Jansen, H.W.1    Lurz, R.2    Bister, K.3    Bonner, T.I.4    Mark, G.E.5    Rapp, U.R.6
  • 4
    • 0021711728 scopus 로고
    • Serine- and threonine-specific protein kinase activities of purified gag-mil and gag-raf proteins
    • Moelling K., Heimann B., Beimling P., Rapp U.R., Sander T., (1984) Serine- and threonine-specific protein kinase activities of purified gag-mil and gag-raf proteins. Nature; 312: 558-561.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.312 , pp. 558-561
    • Moelling, K.1    Heimann, B.2    Beimling, P.3    Rapp, U.R.4    Sander, T.5
  • 5
    • 0034762203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway: New concepts of activation
    • Peyssonnaux C., Eychène A., (2001) The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway: new concepts of activation. Biol Cell; 93: 53-62.
    • (2001) Biol Cell , vol.93 , pp. 53-62
    • Peyssonnaux, C.1    Eychène, A.2
  • 7
    • 0037805547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAS oncogenes: The first 30 years
    • Malumbres M., Barbacid M., (2003) RAS oncogenes: the first 30 years. Nat Rev Cancer; 3: 459-465.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.3 , pp. 459-465
    • Malumbres, M.1    Barbacid, M.2
  • 8
  • 9
    • 0033604576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotype-specific functions of Raf kinases
    • Hagemann C., Rapp U.R., (1999) Isotype-specific functions of Raf kinases. Exp Cell Res; 253: 34-46.
    • (1999) Exp Cell Res , vol.253 , pp. 34-46
    • Hagemann, C.1    Rapp, U.R.2
  • 10
    • 79952139691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of novel 3D-QSAR combination approach for screening and optimizing B-Raf inhibitors in silico
    • Shih K.C., Lin C.Y., Zhou J., Chi H.C., Chen T.S., Wang C.C., Tseng H.W., Tang C.Y., (2011) Development of novel 3D-QSAR combination approach for screening and optimizing B-Raf inhibitors in silico. J Chem Inf Model; 51: 398-407.
    • (2011) J Chem Inf Model , vol.51 , pp. 398-407
    • Shih, K.C.1    Lin, C.Y.2    Zhou, J.3    Chi, H.C.4    Chen, T.S.5    Wang, C.C.6    Tseng, H.W.7    Tang, C.Y.8
  • 12
    • 53549110555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of BRAF inhibitors through in silico screening
    • Luo C., Xie P., Marmorstein R., (2008) Identification of BRAF inhibitors through in silico screening. J Med Chem; 51: 6121-6127.
    • (2008) J Med Chem , vol.51 , pp. 6121-6127
    • Luo, C.1    Xie, P.2    Marmorstein, R.3
  • 16
    • 34248591612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer
    • Roberts P.J., Der C.J., (2007) Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer. Oncogene; 26: 3291-3310.
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , pp. 3291-3310
    • Roberts, P.J.1    Der, C.J.2
  • 17
    • 79953209388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulation, free energy calculation and structure-based 3D-QSAR studies of B-RAF kinase inhibitors
    • Yang Y., Qin J., Liu H., Yao X., (2011) Molecular dynamics simulation, free energy calculation and structure-based 3D-QSAR studies of B-RAF kinase inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model; 51: 680-692.
    • (2011) J Chem Inf Model , vol.51 , pp. 680-692
    • Yang, Y.1    Qin, J.2    Liu, H.3    Yao, X.4
  • 18
    • 33745298429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational design of inhibitors that bind to inactive kinase conformations
    • Liu Y., Gray N.S., (2006) Rational design of inhibitors that bind to inactive kinase conformations. Nat Chem Biol; 2: 358-364.
    • (2006) Nat Chem Biol , vol.2 , pp. 358-364
    • Liu, Y.1    Gray, N.S.2
  • 20
    • 68949086867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway in cancer therapy
    • Clara M., Jeff S., (2009) Targeting the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway in cancer therapy. Cancer Lett; 283: 125-134.
    • (2009) Cancer Lett , vol.283 , pp. 125-134
    • Clara, M.1    Jeff, S.2
  • 21
    • 84862902308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel small molecule Raf kinase inhibitors for targeted cancer therapeutics
    • Kim D.H., Sim T., (2012) Novel small molecule Raf kinase inhibitors for targeted cancer therapeutics. Arch Pharm Res; 35: 605-615.
    • (2012) Arch Pharm Res , vol.35 , pp. 605-615
    • Kim, D.H.1    Sim, T.2
  • 22
    • 36549044841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitors of Raf kinase and MEK signaling
    • Ramnath N., Adjei A., (2007) Inhibitors of Raf kinase and MEK signaling. Update Cancer Ther; 2: 111-118.
    • (2007) Update Cancer Ther , vol.2 , pp. 111-118
    • Ramnath, N.1    Adjei, A.2
  • 23
    • 4944249117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BAY 43-9006 exhibits broad spectrum oral antitumor activity and targets the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor progression and angiogenesis
    • Wilhelm S.M., Carter C., Tang L., Wilkie D., Mcnabola A., Rong H., Chen C., et al,. (2004) BAY 43-9006 exhibits broad spectrum oral antitumor activity and targets the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor progression and angiogenesis. Cancer Res; 64: 7099-7109.
    • (2004) Cancer Res , vol.64 , pp. 7099-7109
    • Wilhelm, S.M.1    Carter, C.2    Tang, L.3    Wilkie, D.4    McNabola, A.5    Rong, H.6    Chen, C.7
  • 25
    • 65649090993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF signaling and targeted therapies in melanoma
    • Dhomen N., Marais R., (2009) BRAF signaling and targeted therapies in melanoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am; 23: 529-545.
    • (2009) Hematol Oncol Clin North Am , vol.23 , pp. 529-545
    • Dhomen, N.1    Marais, R.2
  • 27
    • 77954218212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF as therapeutic target in melanoma
    • Wellbrock C., Hurlstone A., (2010) BRAF as therapeutic target in melanoma. Biochem Pharmacol; 80: 561-567.
    • (2010) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.80 , pp. 561-567
    • Wellbrock, C.1    Hurlstone, A.2
  • 31
    • 79956188485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer-aided drug discovery and development
    • Zhang S., (2011) Computer-aided drug discovery and development. Methods Mol Biol; 716: 23-38.
    • (2011) Methods Mol Biol , vol.716 , pp. 23-38
    • Zhang, S.1
  • 32
    • 79953294970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics study on derivatives of peptide epoxyketone and tyropeptin-boronic acid as inhibitors against the β5 subunit of human 20S proteasome
    • Liu J., Zhang H., Xiao Z., Wang F., Wang X., Wang Y., (2011) Combined 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics study on derivatives of peptide epoxyketone and tyropeptin-boronic acid as inhibitors against the β5 subunit of human 20S proteasome. Int J Mol Sci; 12: 1807-1835.
    • (2011) Int J Mol Sci , vol.12 , pp. 1807-1835
    • Liu, J.1    Zhang, H.2    Xiao, Z.3    Wang, F.4    Wang, X.5    Wang, Y.6
  • 34
    • 80054757184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-QSAR and docking studies on pyridopyrazinones as BRAF inhibitors
    • Ai Y., Wang S.T., Tang C., Sun P.H., Song F.J., (2011) 3D-QSAR and docking studies on pyridopyrazinones as BRAF inhibitors. Med Chem Res; 20: 1298-1317.
    • (2011) Med Chem Res , vol.20 , pp. 1298-1317
    • Ai, Y.1    Wang, S.T.2    Tang, C.3    Sun, P.H.4    Song, F.J.5
  • 35
    • 82355160719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the differences in activity between hydroxycycloalkyl N1 substituted pyrazole derivatives as inhibitors of B-Raf kinase by using docking, molecular dynamics, QM/MM, and fragment-based de novo design: Study of binding mode of diastereomer compounds
    • Caballero J., Morales J.H.A., Jaque A.V., (2011) Investigation of the differences in activity between hydroxycycloalkyl N1 substituted pyrazole derivatives as inhibitors of B-Raf kinase by using docking, molecular dynamics, QM/MM, and fragment-based de novo design: study of binding mode of diastereomer compounds. J Chem Inf Model; 51: 2920-2931.
    • (2011) J Chem Inf Model , vol.51 , pp. 2920-2931
    • Caballero, J.1    Morales, J.H.A.2    Jaque, A.V.3
  • 36
    • 79952275745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural determination of three different series of compounds as Hsp90 inhibitors using 3D-QSAR modeling, molecular docking and molecular dynamics methods
    • Liu J., Wang F., Ma Z., Wang X., Wang Y., (2011) Structural determination of three different series of compounds as Hsp90 inhibitors using 3D-QSAR modeling, molecular docking and molecular dynamics methods. Int J Mol Sci; 12: 946-970.
    • (2011) Int J Mol Sci , vol.12 , pp. 946-970
    • Liu, J.1    Wang, F.2    Ma, Z.3    Wang, X.4    Wang, Y.5
  • 37
    • 84987100711 scopus 로고
    • Cross validation, bootstrapping, and partial least squares compared with multiple regression in conventional QSAR studies
    • Cramer R.D., Bunce J.D., Patterson D.E., Frank I.E., (1988) Cross validation, bootstrapping, and partial least squares compared with multiple regression in conventional QSAR studies. Quant Struct Act Rel; 7: 18-25.
    • (1988) Quant Struct Act Rel , vol.7 , pp. 18-25
    • Cramer, R.D.1    Bunce, J.D.2    Patterson, D.E.3    Frank, I.E.4
  • 38
    • 0027944195 scopus 로고
    • Molecular similarity in a comparative analysis (CoMSIA) of drug molecules to correlate and predict their biological activity
    • Klebe G., Abraham U., Mietzner T., (1994) Molecular similarity in a comparative analysis (CoMSIA) of drug molecules to correlate and predict their biological activity. J Med Chem; 37: 4130-4146.
    • (1994) J Med Chem , vol.37 , pp. 4130-4146
    • Klebe, G.1    Abraham, U.2    Mietzner, T.3
  • 39
    • 79958162256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation, biological evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of insecticidal/narcotic sesquiterpene polyol esters
    • Wei S., Ji Z., Zhang H., Zhang J., Wang Y., Wu W., (2011) Isolation, biological evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of insecticidal/narcotic sesquiterpene polyol esters. J Mol Model; 17: 681-693.
    • (2011) J Mol Model , vol.17 , pp. 681-693
    • Wei, S.1    Ji, Z.2    Zhang, H.3    Zhang, J.4    Wang, Y.5    Wu, W.6
  • 40
    • 49149147973 scopus 로고
    • Iterative partial equalization of orbital electronegativity-A rapid access to atomic charges
    • Gasteiger J., Marsili M., (1980) Iterative partial equalization of orbital electronegativity-a rapid access to atomic charges. Tetrahedron; 36: 3219-3228.
    • (1980) Tetrahedron , vol.36 , pp. 3219-3228
    • Gasteiger, J.1    Marsili, M.2
  • 41
    • 84988115618 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the general purpose tripos 5.2 force field
    • Clark M., Cramer R.D., Opdenbosch N.V., (1989) Validation of the general purpose tripos 5.2 force field. J Comput Chem; 10: 982-1012.
    • (1989) J Comput Chem , vol.10 , pp. 982-1012
    • Clark, M.1    Cramer, R.D.2    Opdenbosch, N.V.3
  • 42
    • 80052957000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docking and 3D-QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) studies of flavones, the potent inhibitors of p-glycoprotein targeting the nucleotide binding domain
    • Kothandan G., Gadhe C.G., Madhavan T., Choi C.H., Cho S.J., (2011) Docking and 3D-QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) studies of flavones, the potent inhibitors of p-glycoprotein targeting the nucleotide binding domain. Eur J Med Chem; 46: 4078-4088.
    • (2011) Eur J Med Chem , vol.46 , pp. 4078-4088
    • Kothandan, G.1    Gadhe, C.G.2    Madhavan, T.3    Choi, C.H.4    Cho, S.J.5
  • 43
    • 8144230162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of steroid substrates and inhibitors of P-glycoprotein by 3D-QSAR analysis
    • Li Y., Wang Y.H., Yang L., Zhang S.W., Liu C.H., Yang S.L., (2005) Comparison of steroid substrates and inhibitors of P-glycoprotein by 3D-QSAR analysis. J Mol Struct; 733: 111-118.
    • (2005) J Mol Struct , vol.733 , pp. 111-118
    • Li, Y.1    Wang, Y.H.2    Yang, L.3    Zhang, S.W.4    Liu, C.H.5    Yang, S.L.6
  • 44
    • 78650996734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-QSAR and molecular docking studies on derivatives of MK-0457, GSK1070916 and SNS-314 as inhibitors against aurora B kinase
    • Zhang B., Li Y., Zhang H., Ai C., (2010) 3D-QSAR and molecular docking studies on derivatives of MK-0457, GSK1070916 and SNS-314 as inhibitors against aurora B kinase. Int J Mol Sci; 11: 4326-4347.
    • (2010) Int J Mol Sci , vol.11 , pp. 4326-4347
    • Zhang, B.1    Li, Y.2    Zhang, H.3    Ai, C.4
  • 45
    • 0031552362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a genetic algorithm for flexible docking
    • Jones G., Willett P., Glen R.C., Leach A.R., Taylor R., (1997) Development and validation of a genetic algorithm for flexible docking. J Mol Biol; 267: 727-748.
    • (1997) J Mol Biol , vol.267 , pp. 727-748
    • Jones, G.1    Willett, P.2    Glen, R.C.3    Leach, A.R.4    Taylor, R.5
  • 50
    • 0036890178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast, efficient generation of high-quality atomic charges. AM1-BCC model: II. Parameterization and validation
    • Jakalian A., Jack D.B., Bayly C.I., (2002) Fast, efficient generation of high-quality atomic charges. AM1-BCC model: II. Parameterization and validation. J Comput Chem; 23: 1623-1641.
    • (2002) J Comput Chem , vol.23 , pp. 1623-1641
    • Jakalian, A.1    Jack, D.B.2    Bayly, C.I.3
  • 51
    • 33748518255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of multiple Amber force fields and development of improved protein backbone parameters
    • Hornak V., Abel R., Okur A., Strockbine B., Roitberg A., Simmerling C., (2006) Comparison of multiple Amber force fields and development of improved protein backbone parameters. Proteins; 65: 712-725.
    • (2006) Proteins , vol.65 , pp. 712-725
    • Hornak, V.1    Abel, R.2    Okur, A.3    Strockbine, B.4    Roitberg, A.5    Simmerling, C.6
  • 52
    • 33748538349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antechamber, an accessory software package for molecular mechanics calculations
    • Wang J., Wang W., Kollman P.A., Case D.A., (2006) Antechamber, an accessory software package for molecular mechanics calculations. J Mol Graph Model; 25: 247-260.
    • (2006) J Mol Graph Model , vol.25 , pp. 247-260
    • Wang, J.1    Wang, W.2    Kollman, P.A.3    Case, D.A.4
  • 53
    • 33646940952 scopus 로고
    • Numerical integration of the Cartesian equations of motion of a system with constraints: Molecular dynamics of n-alkanes
    • Ryckaert J.P., Ciccotti G., Berendsen H.J.C., (1977) Numerical integration of the Cartesian equations of motion of a system with constraints: molecular dynamics of n-alkanes. J Comput Phys; 23: 327-341.
    • (1977) J Comput Phys , vol.23 , pp. 327-341
    • Ryckaert, J.P.1    Ciccotti, G.2    Berendsen, H.J.C.3
  • 56
    • 84875872345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition mechanism exploration of quinoline derivatives as PDE10A inhibitors by in silico analysis
    • Wu Q., Gao Q., Guo H., Li D., Wang J., Gao W., Han C., Li Y., Yang L., (2013) Inhibition mechanism exploration of quinoline derivatives as PDE10A inhibitors by in silico analysis. Mol BioSyst; 9: 386-397.
    • (2013) Mol BioSyst , vol.9 , pp. 386-397
    • Wu, Q.1    Gao, Q.2    Guo, H.3    Li, D.4    Wang, J.5    Gao, W.6    Han, C.7    Li, Y.8    Yang, L.9
  • 57
    • 0037208267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D QSAR investigations on antimalarial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids by comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), based on different alignment approaches
    • Bringmann G., Rummey C., (2003) 3D QSAR investigations on antimalarial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids by comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), based on different alignment approaches. J Chem Inf Comput Sci; 43: 304-316.
    • (2003) J Chem Inf Comput Sci , vol.43 , pp. 304-316
    • Bringmann, G.1    Rummey, C.2
  • 58
    • 0037920567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses using comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis to elucidate selectivity differences of inhibitors binding to trypsin, thrombin, and factor Xa
    • Böhm M., Stürzebecher J., Klebe G., (1999) Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses using comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis to elucidate selectivity differences of inhibitors binding to trypsin, thrombin, and factor Xa. J Med Chem; 42: 458-477.
    • (1999) J Med Chem , vol.42 , pp. 458-477
    • Böhm, M.1    Stürzebecher, J.2    Klebe, G.3
  • 59
    • 31544467861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-QSAR studies of arylpyrazole antagonists of cannabinoid receptor subtypes CB1 and CB2. A combined NMR and CoMFA approach
    • Chen J., Han X., Liu Q., Makriyannis A., Wang J., Xie X., (2006) 3D-QSAR studies of arylpyrazole antagonists of cannabinoid receptor subtypes CB1 and CB2. A combined NMR and CoMFA approach. J Med Chem; 49: 625-636.
    • (2006) J Med Chem , vol.49 , pp. 625-636
    • Chen, J.1    Han, X.2    Liu, Q.3    Makriyannis, A.4    Wang, J.5    Xie, X.6
  • 60
    • 70349770582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-QSAR CoMFA/CoMSIA models based on theoretical active conformers of HOE/BAY-793 analogs derived from HIV-1 protease inhibitor complexes
    • da Cunha E.F.F., Sippl W., de Castro Ramalho T., Antunes O.A.C., de Alencastro R.B., Albuquerque M.G., (2009) 3D-QSAR CoMFA/CoMSIA models based on theoretical active conformers of HOE/BAY-793 analogs derived from HIV-1 protease inhibitor complexes. Eur J Med Chem; 44: 4344-4352.
    • (2009) Eur J Med Chem , vol.44 , pp. 4344-4352
    • Da Cunha, E.F.F.1    Sippl, W.2    De Castro Ramalho, T.3    Antunes, O.A.C.4    De Alencastro, R.B.5    Albuquerque, M.G.6
  • 61
    • 8844263008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docking and scoring in virtual screening for drug discovery: Methods and applications
    • Kitchen D.B., Decornez H., Furr J.R., Bajorath J., (2004) Docking and scoring in virtual screening for drug discovery: methods and applications. Nat Rev Drug Discov; 3: 935-949.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.3 , pp. 935-949
    • Kitchen, D.B.1    Decornez, H.2    Furr, J.R.3    Bajorath, J.4
  • 64
    • 77956513286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy of a RAF inhibitor needs broad target blockade in BRAF-mutant melanoma
    • Bollag G., Hirth P., Tsai J., Zhang J., Ibrahim P.N., Cho H., Spevak W., et al,. (2010) Clinical efficacy of a RAF inhibitor needs broad target blockade in BRAF-mutant melanoma. Nature; 467: 596-599.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.467 , pp. 596-599
    • Bollag, G.1    Hirth, P.2    Tsai, J.3    Zhang, J.4    Ibrahim, P.N.5    Cho, H.6    Spevak, W.7
  • 65
    • 84884990403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insight into the structural requirements of benzimidazole derivatives as interleukin-2 inducible t-cell kinase inhibitors by computational explorations
    • Wang J., Li F., Li Y., Yang Y., Wang B., Zhang S., Yang L., (2013) Insight into the structural requirements of benzimidazole derivatives as interleukin-2 inducible t-cell kinase inhibitors by computational explorations. Int J Quantum Chem; 113: 2385-2396.
    • (2013) Int J Quantum Chem , vol.113 , pp. 2385-2396
    • Wang, J.1    Li, F.2    Li, Y.3    Yang, Y.4    Wang, B.5    Zhang, S.6    Yang, L.7
  • 66
    • 0036725277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules
    • Karplus M., McCammon J.A., (2002) Molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules. Nat Struct Mol Biol; 9: 646-652.
    • (2002) Nat Struct Mol Biol , vol.9 , pp. 646-652
    • Karplus, M.1    McCammon, J.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.