메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 110, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1411-1420

Flavanol metabolites distribute in visceral adipose depots after a long-term intake of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in rats

Author keywords

Adipose tissue; Flavanols; Long term intake; Tissue distribution

Indexed keywords

CATECHIN GLUCURONIDE; CATECHIN SULPHATE; EPICATECHIN (4BETA 8) EPICATECHIN; EPICATECHIN GLUCURONIDE; EPICATECHIN SULPHATE; FLAVANOL DERIVATIVE; GLUCURONIDE; GRAPE SEED EXTRACT; METHYLCATECHIN GLUCURONIDE; METHYLCATECHIN SULPHATE; METHYLEPICATECHIN GLUCURONIDE; METHYLEPICATECHIN SULPHATE; PROANTHOCYANIDIN DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; FLAVONE DERIVATIVE; GRAPE SEED PROANTHOCYANIDINS; PHENOL DERIVATIVE; PROANTHOCYANIDIN;

EID: 84892661293     PISSN: 00071145     EISSN: 14752662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114513000706     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 76849107376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of dietary sources and flavonoid intake in a Spanish adult population (EPIC-Spain)
    • Zamora-Ros R, Andres-Lacueva C, Lamuela-Raventós RM, et al. (2010) Estimation of dietary sources and flavonoid intake in a Spanish adult population (EPIC-Spain). J Am Diet Assoc 110, 390-398.
    • (2010) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.110 , pp. 390-398
    • Zamora-Ros, R.1    Andres-Lacueva, C.2    Lamuela-Raventós, R.M.3
  • 2
    • 84876285248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in dietary intakes, food sources and determinants of total flavonoids between Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
    • Zamora-Ros R, Knaze V, Luján-Barroso L, et al. (2013) Differences in dietary intakes, food sources and determinants of total flavonoids between Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Br J Nutr 109, 1498-1507.
    • (2013) Br J Nutr , vol.109 , pp. 1498-1507
    • Zamora-Ros, R.1    Knaze, V.2    Luján-Barroso, L.3
  • 3
    • 79951996414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of daily proanthocyanidin intake and major food sources in the U.S. Diet
    • Wang Y, Chung S, Song WO, et al. (2011) Estimation of daily proanthocyanidin intake and major food sources in the U.S. diet. J Nutr 141, 447-452.
    • (2011) J Nutr , vol.141 , pp. 447-452
    • Wang, Y.1    Chung, S.2    Song, W.O.3
  • 4
    • 51049107708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate
    • Grassi D, Desideri G, Necozione S, et al. (2008) Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate. J Nutr 138, 1671-1676.
    • (2008) J Nutr , vol.138 , pp. 1671-1676
    • Grassi, D.1    Desideri, G.2    Necozione, S.3
  • 5
    • 78649631404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommending flavanols and procyanidins for cardiovascular health: Current knowledge and future needs
    • Schroeter H, Heiss C, Spencer JPE, et al. (2010) Recommending flavanols and procyanidins for cardiovascular health: current knowledge and future needs. Mol Asp Med 31, 546-557.
    • (2010) Mol Asp Med , vol.31 , pp. 546-557
    • Schroeter, H.1    Heiss, C.2    Spencer, J.P.E.3
  • 6
    • 84856370253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults
    • McCullough ML, Peterson JJ, Patel R, et al. (2012) Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults. Am J Clin Nutr 95, 454-464.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 454-464
    • McCullough, M.L.1    Peterson, J.J.2    Patel, R.3
  • 7
    • 46049087156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of cancer in postmenopausal women: The Iowa Women's Health Study
    • Cutler GJ, Nettleton JA, Ross JA, et al. (2008) Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of cancer in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Int J Cancer 123, 664-671.
    • (2008) Int J Cancer , vol.123 , pp. 664-671
    • Cutler, G.J.1    Nettleton, J.A.2    Ross, J.A.3
  • 8
    • 77958599695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highcocoa polyphenol-rich chocolate improves HDL cholesterol in type 2 diabetes patients
    • Mellor DD, Sathyapalan T, Kilpatrick ES, et al. (2010) Highcocoa polyphenol-rich chocolate improves HDL cholesterol in type 2 diabetes patients. Diabet Med 27, 1318-1321.
    • (2010) Diabet Med , vol.27 , pp. 1318-1321
    • Mellor, D.D.1    Sathyapalan, T.2    Kilpatrick, E.S.3
  • 9
    • 74349097440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypolipidemic effects of proanthocyanidins and their underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms
    • Bladé C, Arola L & Salvadó MJ (2010) Hypolipidemic effects of proanthocyanidins and their underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Mol Nutr Food Res 54, 37-59.
    • (2010) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.54 , pp. 37-59
    • Bladé, C.1    Arola, L.2    Salvadó, M.J.3
  • 10
    • 84857892715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chocolate, cocoa, and flavan-3-ols on cardiovascular health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Hooper L, Kay C, Abdelhamid A, et al. (2012) Effects of chocolate, cocoa, and flavan-3-ols on cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Clin Nutr 95, 740-751.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 740-751
    • Hooper, L.1    Kay, C.2    Abdelhamid, A.3
  • 11
    • 77956543364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome
    • Basu A, Sanchez K, Leyva MJ, et al. (2010) Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr 29, 31-40.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.29 , pp. 31-40
    • Basu, A.1    Sanchez, K.2    Leyva, M.J.3
  • 12
    • 14644438499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grape seed procyanidins improve atherosclerotic risk index and induce liver CYP7A1 and SHP expression in healthy rats
    • Del Bas JM, Fernández-Larrea J, Blay M, et al. (2005) Grape seed procyanidins improve atherosclerotic risk index and induce liver CYP7A1 and SHP expression in healthy rats. FASEB J 19, 479-481.
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , pp. 479-481
    • Del Bas, J.M.1    Fernández-Larrea, J.2    Blay, M.3
  • 13
    • 84863840164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lipid-lowering effect of dietary proanthocyanidins in rat involves both chylomicron-rich and VLDL-rich fractions
    • Quesada H, Díaz S, Pajuelo D, et al. (2012) The lipid-lowering effect of dietary proanthocyanidins in rat involves both chylomicron-rich and VLDL-rich fractions. Br J Nutr 108, 208-217.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.108 , pp. 208-217
    • Quesada, H.1    Díaz, S.2    Pajuelo, D.3
  • 14
    • 70349119490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grape seed proanthocyanidins correct dyslipidemia associated with a high-fat diet in rats and repress genes controlling lipogenesis and VLDL assembling in liver
    • Quesada H, Del Bas JM, Pajuelo D, et al. (2009) Grape seed proanthocyanidins correct dyslipidemia associated with a high-fat diet in rats and repress genes controlling lipogenesis and VLDL assembling in liver. Int J Obes 33, 1007-1012.
    • (2009) Int J Obes , vol.33 , pp. 1007-1012
    • Quesada, H.1    Del Bas, J.M.2    Pajuelo, D.3
  • 15
    • 9244249143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grape seed-derived procyanidins have an antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and insulinomimetic activity in insulin-sensitive cell lines
    • Pinent M, Blay M, Bladé MC, et al. (2004) Grape seed-derived procyanidins have an antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and insulinomimetic activity in insulin-sensitive cell lines. Endocrinology 145, 4985-4990.
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 4985-4990
    • Pinent, M.1    Blay, M.2    Bladé, M.C.3
  • 16
    • 84861445589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidins improve some disrupted glucose homoeostatic situations: An analysis of doses and treatments according to different animal models
    • Pinent M, Cedó L, Montagut G, et al. (2012) Procyanidins improve some disrupted glucose homoeostatic situations: an analysis of doses and treatments according to different animal models. Critical Rev Food Sci Nutr 52, 569-584.
    • (2012) Critical Rev Food Sci Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 569-584
    • Pinent, M.1    Cedó, L.2    Montagut, G.3
  • 17
    • 79954986912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute administration of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract modulates energetic metabolism in skeletal muscle and BAT mitochondria
    • Pajuelo D, Díaz S, Quesada H, et al. (2011) Acute administration of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract modulates energetic metabolism in skeletal muscle and BAT mitochondria. J Agric Food Chem 59, 4279-4287.
    • (2011) J Agric Food Chem , vol.59 , pp. 4279-4287
    • Pajuelo, D.1    Díaz, S.2    Quesada, H.3
  • 18
    • 77952879785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligomers of grape-seed procyanidin extract activate the insulin receptor and key targets of the insulin signaling pathway differently from insulin
    • Montagut G, Onnockx S, Vaqué M, et al. (2010) Oligomers of grape-seed procyanidin extract activate the insulin receptor and key targets of the insulin signaling pathway differently from insulin. J Nutr Biochem 21, 476-481.
    • (2010) J Nutr Biochem , vol.21 , pp. 476-481
    • Montagut, G.1    Onnockx, S.2    Vaqué, M.3
  • 19
    • 55449133428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary procyanidins lower triglyceride levels signaling through the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner
    • Del Bas JM, Ricketts ML, Baiges I, et al. (2008) Dietary procyanidins lower triglyceride levels signaling through the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner. Mol Nutr Food Res 52, 1172-1181.
    • (2008) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.52 , pp. 1172-1181
    • Del Bas, J.M.1    Ricketts, M.L.2    Baiges, I.3
  • 20
    • 68149123902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary procyanidins enhance transcriptional activity of bile acid-activated FXR in vitro and reduce triglyceridemia in vivo in a FXR-dependent manner
    • Del Bas JM, Ricketts ML, Vaqué M, et al. (2009) Dietary procyanidins enhance transcriptional activity of bile acid-activated FXR in vitro and reduce triglyceridemia in vivo in a FXR-dependent manner. Mol Nutr Food Res 53, 805-814.
    • (2009) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.53 , pp. 805-814
    • Del Bas, J.M.1    Ricketts, M.L.2    Vaqué, M.3
  • 21
    • 77951209860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of procyanidin dimers and trimers and matrix food effects in in vitro and in vivo models
    • Serra A, Macià A, Romero MP, et al. (2010) Bioavailability of procyanidin dimers and trimers and matrix food effects in in vitro and in vivo models. Br J Nutr 103, 944-952.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 944-952
    • Serra, A.1    Macià, A.2    Romero, M.P.3
  • 22
    • 0036628736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption and urinary excretion of procyanidin B2 [epicatechin-(4b-8)-epicatechin] in rats
    • Baba S, Osakabe N, Natsume M, et al. (2002) Absorption and urinary excretion of procyanidin B2 [epicatechin-(4b-8)-epicatechin] in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 33, 142-148.
    • (2002) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.33 , pp. 142-148
    • Baba, S.1    Osakabe, N.2    Natsume, M.3
  • 23
    • 0036784053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4b-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa
    • Holt RR, Lazarus SA, Cameron Sullards M, et al. (2002) Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4b-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa. Am J Clin Nutr 76, 798-804.
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.76 , pp. 798-804
    • Holt, R.R.1    Lazarus, S.A.2    Cameron Sullards, M.3
  • 24
    • 0037070377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability of the flavan-3-ols epicatechin and catechin and related dimeric procyanidins derived from cocoa
    • Zhu QY, Holt RR, Lazarus SA, et al. (2002) Stability of the flavan-3-ols epicatechin and catechin and related dimeric procyanidins derived from cocoa. J Agric Food Chem 50, 1700-1705.
    • (2002) J Agric Food Chem , vol.50 , pp. 1700-1705
    • Zhu, Q.Y.1    Holt, R.R.2    Lazarus, S.A.3
  • 25
    • 0032965140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of (-)-epicatechin metabolites and their metabolic fate in the rat
    • Okushio K, Suzuki M, Matsumoto N, et al. (1999) Identification of (-)-epicatechin metabolites and their metabolic fate in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos 27, 309-316.
    • (1999) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.27 , pp. 309-316
    • Okushio, K.1    Suzuki, M.2    Matsumoto, N.3
  • 26
    • 0037376885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structures of (-)-epicatechin glucuronide identified from plasma and urine after oral ingestion of (-)-epicatechin: Differences between human and rat
    • Natsume M, Osakabe N, Oyama M, et al. (2003) Structures of (-)-epicatechin glucuronide identified from plasma and urine after oral ingestion of (-)-epicatechin: differences between human and rat. Free Radic Biol Med 34, 840-849.
    • (2003) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.34 , pp. 840-849
    • Natsume, M.1    Osakabe, N.2    Oyama, M.3
  • 27
    • 80053018616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after an acute intake of hazelnut extract
    • Serra A, Macià A, Romero MP, et al. (2011) Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after an acute intake of hazelnut extract. Food Funct 2, 562-568.
    • (2011) Food Funct , vol.2 , pp. 562-568
    • Serra, A.1    Macià, A.2    Romero, M.P.3
  • 28
    • 84879552495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues in relation to ingestion of procyanidin-enriched or procyanidin-rich cocoa creams
    • Epublication ahead of print version 11 July 2012
    • Serra A, Macià A, Rubió L, et al. (2012) Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues in relation to ingestion of procyanidin-enriched or procyanidin-rich cocoa creams. Eur J Nutr (Epublication ahead of print version 11 July 2012).
    • (2012) Eur J Nutr
    • Serra, A.1    Macià, A.2    Rubió, L.3
  • 29
    • 79955891827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid methods to determine procyanidins, anthocyanins, theobromine and caffeine in rat tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • Serra A, Macià A, Romero MP, et al. (2011) Rapid methods to determine procyanidins, anthocyanins, theobromine and caffeine in rat tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 879, 1519-1528.
    • (2011) J Chromatogr B , vol.879 , pp. 1519-1528
    • Serra, A.1    Macià, A.2    Romero, M.P.3
  • 30
    • 77956902066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid analysis of procyanidins and anthocyanins in plasma by microelution SPE and ultra-HPLC
    • Martí MP, Pantaleón A, Rozek A, et al. (2010) Rapid analysis of procyanidins and anthocyanins in plasma by microelution SPE and ultra-HPLC. J Sep Sci 33, 2841-2853.
    • (2010) J Sep Sci , vol.33 , pp. 2841-2853
    • Martí, M.P.1    Pantaleón, A.2    Rozek, A.3
  • 31
    • 63249131949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of procyanidins and their metabolites in plasma samples by improved liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • Serra A, Macià A, Romero MP, et al. (2009) Determination of procyanidins and their metabolites in plasma samples by improved liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 877, 1169-1176.
    • (2009) J Chromatogr B , vol.877 , pp. 1169-1176
    • Serra, A.1    Macià, A.2    Romero, M.P.3
  • 32
    • 84865484612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adipose organ at a glance
    • Cinti S (2012) The adipose organ at a glance. Dis Models Mech 5, 588-594.
    • (2012) Dis Models Mech , vol.5 , pp. 588-594
    • Cinti, S.1
  • 33
    • 14844314202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of Malaysian cocoa extract on glucose levels and lipid profiles in diabetic rats
    • Ruzaidi A, Amin I, Nawalyah AG, et al. (2005) The effect of Malaysian cocoa extract on glucose levels and lipid profiles in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 98, 55-60.
    • (2005) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.98 , pp. 55-60
    • Ruzaidi, A.1    Amin, I.2    Nawalyah, A.G.3
  • 34
    • 44349152941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of polyphenol-rich extract prepared from Malaysian cocoa (Theobroma cacao) on glucose levels and lipid profiles in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Ruzaidi AMM, Abbe MMJ, Amin I, et al. (2008) Protective effect of polyphenol-rich extract prepared from Malaysian cocoa (Theobroma cacao) on glucose levels and lipid profiles in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Sci Food Agric 88, 1442-1447.
    • (2008) J Sci Food Agric , vol.88 , pp. 1442-1447
    • Ruzaidi, A.M.M.1    Abbe, M.M.J.2    Amin, I.3
  • 35
    • 0037228391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a polyphenols-enriched chardonnay white wine in diabetic rats
    • Landrault N, Poucheret P, Azay J, et al. (2003) Effect of a polyphenols-enriched chardonnay white wine in diabetic rats. J Agric Food Chem 51, 311-318.
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 311-318
    • Landrault, N.1    Poucheret, P.2    Azay, J.3
  • 36
    • 0038386466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Maritim A, Dene BA, Sanders RA, et al. (2003) Effects of pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17, 193-199.
    • (2003) J Biochem Mol Toxicol , vol.17 , pp. 193-199
    • Maritim, A.1    Dene, B.A.2    Sanders, R.A.3
  • 37
    • 0035062055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red wine protects diabetic patients from meal-induced oxidative stress and thrombosis activation: A pleasant approach to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes
    • Ceriello A, Bortolotti N, Motz E, et al. (2001) Red wine protects diabetic patients from meal-induced oxidative stress and thrombosis activation: a pleasant approach to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Eur J Clin Invest 31, 322-328.
    • (2001) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.31 , pp. 322-328
    • Ceriello, A.1    Bortolotti, N.2    Motz, E.3
  • 38
    • 0142059146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: Oxidative stress and wine
    • Caimi G, Carollo C & Lo Presti R (2003) Diabetes mellitus: oxidative stress and wine. Curr Med Res Opin 19, 581-586.
    • (2003) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.19 , pp. 581-586
    • Caimi, G.1    Carollo, C.2    Lo Presti, R.3
  • 39
    • 84859010162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites in humans: Assessment using de novo chemically synthesized authentic standards
    • Ottaviani JI, Momma TY, Kuhnle GK, et al. (2012) Structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites in humans: assessment using de novo chemically synthesized authentic standards. Free Radic Biol Med 52, 1403-1412.
    • (2012) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.52 , pp. 1403-1412
    • Ottaviani, J.I.1    Momma, T.Y.2    Kuhnle, G.K.3
  • 40
    • 0037115062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uptake and metabolism of epicatechin and its access to the brain after oral ingestion
    • Abd El Mohsen MM, Kuhnle G, Rechner AR, et al. (2002) Uptake and metabolism of epicatechin and its access to the brain after oral ingestion. Free Radic Biol Med 33, 1693-1702.
    • (2002) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.33 , pp. 1693-1702
    • Abd El Mohsen, M.M.1    Kuhnle, G.2    Rechner, A.R.3
  • 41
    • 0033143452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the major antioxidative metabolites in biological fluids of the rat with ingested (-)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin
    • Harada M, Kan Y, Naoki H, et al. (1999) Identification of the major antioxidative metabolites in biological fluids of the rat with ingested (-)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 63, 973-977.
    • (1999) Biosci Biotechnol Biochem , vol.63 , pp. 973-977
    • Harada, M.1    Kan, Y.2    Naoki, H.3
  • 42
    • 25444482129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins following the ingestion of a grape seed extract by rats
    • Tsang C, Auger C, Mullen W, et al. (2005) The absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins following the ingestion of a grape seed extract by rats. Br J Nutr 94, 170-181.
    • (2005) Br J Nutr , vol.94 , pp. 170-181
    • Tsang, C.1    Auger, C.2    Mullen, W.3
  • 43
    • 77953029455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of epicatechin metabolites in lymphoid tissues and testes of young rats with a cocoa-enriched diet
    • Urpi-Sarda M, Ramiro-Puig E, Khan N, et al. (2010) Distribution of epicatechin metabolites in lymphoid tissues and testes of young rats with a cocoa-enriched diet. Br J Nutr 103, 1393-1397.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 1393-1397
    • Urpi-Sarda, M.1    Ramiro-Puig, E.2    Khan, N.3
  • 44
    • 0026331924 scopus 로고
    • Localization of human blood phenol sulfotransferase activities: Novel detection of the thermostable enzyme in granulocytes
    • Anderson RJ, Garcia MJ, Liebentritt DK, et al. (1991) Localization of human blood phenol sulfotransferase activities: novel detection of the thermostable enzyme in granulocytes. J Lab Clin Med 118, 500-509.
    • (1991) J Lab Clin Med , vol.118 , pp. 500-509
    • Anderson, R.J.1    Garcia, M.J.2    Liebentritt, D.K.3
  • 45
    • 2442430353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols: Food sources and bioavailability
    • Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, et al. (2004) Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr 79, 727-747.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.79 , pp. 727-747
    • Manach, C.1    Scalbert, A.2    Morand, C.3
  • 46
    • 79960480409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implication of brown adipose tissue for humans
    • Ravussin E & Galgani JE (2011) The implication of brown adipose tissue for humans. Annu Rev Nutr 31, 33-47.
    • (2011) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.31 , pp. 33-47
    • Ravussin, E.1    Galgani, J.E.2
  • 47
    • 84855961749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic dietary supplementation of proanthocyanidins corrects the mitochondrial dysfunction of brown adipose tissue caused by diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats
    • Pajuelo D, Quesada H, Díaz S, et al. (2012) Chronic dietary supplementation of proanthocyanidins corrects the mitochondrial dysfunction of brown adipose tissue caused by diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats. Br J Nutr 107, 170-178.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107 , pp. 170-178
    • Pajuelo, D.1    Quesada, H.2    Díaz, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.