메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 381-390

Ginsenoside Rg3 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory impairments by anti-inflammatory activity in rats

Author keywords

Cyclooxygenase 2; Ginsenoside Rg3; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide; Memory; Morris water maze

Indexed keywords

CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; GINSENOSIDE RG 3; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 84887387022     PISSN: 19769148     EISSN: 20054483     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.053     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (82)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0344549853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginseng pharmacology: Multiple constituents and multiple actions
    • Attele, A. S., Wu, J. A. and Yuan, C. S. (1999) Ginseng pharmacology: Multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem. Pharmacol. 58, 1685-1693.
    • (1999) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.58 , pp. 1685-1693
    • Attele, A.S.1    Wu, J.A.2    Yuan, C.S.3
  • 2
    • 33748348661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of Korean red ginseng and its genuine constituents ginsenosides Rg3, Rf, and Rh2 in mouse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and contact dermatitis models
    • Bae, E. A., Han, M. J., Shin, Y. W. and Kim, D. H. (2006a) Inhibitory effects of Korean red ginseng and its genuine constituents ginsenosides Rg3, Rf, and Rh2 in mouse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and contact dermatitis models. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 29, 1862-1867.
    • (2006) Biol. Pharm. Bull , vol.29 , pp. 1862-1867
    • Bae, E.A.1    Han, M.J.2    Shin, Y.W.3    Kim, D.H.4
  • 3
    • 33745683962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2 inhibit the activation of AP-1 and protein kinase A pathway in lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells
    • Bae, E. A., Kim, E. J., Park, J. S., Kim, H. S., Ryu, J. H. and Kim, D. H. (2006b) Ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2 inhibit the activation of AP-1 and protein kinase A pathway in lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Planta Med. 72, 627-633.
    • (2006) Planta Med , vol.72 , pp. 627-633
    • Bae, E.A.1    Kim, E.J.2    Park, J.S.3    Kim, H.S.4    Ryu, J.H.5    Kim, D.H.6
  • 4
    • 24344478174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal infection-induced memory impairment after lipopolysaccharide in adulthood is prevented via caspase-1 inhibition
    • Bilbo, S. D., Biedenkapp, J. C., Der-Avakian, A., Watkins, L. R., Rudy, J. W. and Maier, S. F. (2005) Neonatal infection-induced memory impairment after lipopolysaccharide in adulthood is prevented via caspase-1 inhibition. J. Neurosci. 25, 8000-8009.
    • (2005) J. Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 8000-8009
    • Bilbo, S.D.1    Biedenkapp, J.C.2    Der-Avakian, A.3    Watkins, L.R.4    Rudy, J.W.5    Maier, S.F.6
  • 5
    • 0035118649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic treatment with the atypical antidepressant tianeptine attenuates sickness behavior induced by peripheral but not central lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta in the rat
    • Castanon, N., Bluthé, R. M. and Dantzer, R. (2001) Chronic treatment with the atypical antidepressant tianeptine attenuates sickness behavior induced by peripheral but not central lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 154, 50-60.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.154 , pp. 50-60
    • Castanon, N.1    Bluthé, R.M.2    Dantzer, R.3
  • 6
    • 43249109884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 attenuate lipo-polysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and brain injury
    • Choi, S. H., Langenbach, R. and Bosetti, F. (2008) Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 attenuate lipo-polysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and brain injury. FASEB J. 22, 1491-1501.
    • (2008) FASEB J , vol.22 , pp. 1491-1501
    • Choi, S.H.1    Langenbach, R.2    Bosetti, F.3
  • 7
    • 33645046630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential therapeutic targets in the NF-kappaB pathway for Alzheimer's disease
    • Collister, K. A. and Albensi, B. C. (2005) Potential therapeutic targets in the NF-kappaB pathway for Alzheimer's disease. Drug News Perspect. 18, 623-629.
    • (2005) Drug News Perspect , vol.18 , pp. 623-629
    • Collister, K.A.1    Albensi, B.C.2
  • 9
    • 84862807664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide induces paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) expression, synaptic alteration, and learning-memory deficit in rats
    • Deng, X. H., Ai, W. M., Lei, D. L., Luo, X. G., Yan, X. X. and Li, Z. (2012) Lipopolysaccharide induces paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) expression, synaptic alteration, and learning-memory deficit in rats. Neuroscience. 209, 161-170.
    • (2012) Neuroscience , vol.209 , pp. 161-170
    • Deng, X.H.1    Ai, W.M.2    Lei, D.L.3    Luo, X.G.4    Yan, X.X.5    Li, Z.6
  • 10
    • 78149280715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association study of interferon-γ, cytosolic phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms in Alzheimer disease
    • Fehér, A., Juhász, A., Rimanóczy, A., Kálmán, J. and Janka, Z. (2010) Association study of interferon-γ, cytosolic phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms in Alzheimer disease. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 18, 983-987.
    • (2010) Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.18 , pp. 983-987
    • Fehér, A.1    Juhász, A.2    Rimanóczy, A.3    Kálmán, J.4    Janka, Z.5
  • 14
    • 78751579233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S-propargylcysteine (ZYZ-802), a sulphur-containing amino acid, attenuates beta-amyloid-induced cognitive deficits and pro-inflammatory response: Involvement of ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathway in rats
    • Gong, Q. H., Pan, L. L., Liu, X. H., Wang, Q., Huang, H. and Zhu, Y. Z. (2011) S-propargylcysteine (ZYZ-802), a sulphur-containing amino acid, attenuates beta-amyloid-induced cognitive deficits and pro-inflammatory response: involvement of ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathway in rats. Amino Acids 40, 601-610.
    • (2011) Amino Acids , vol.40 , pp. 601-610
    • Gong, Q.H.1    Pan, L.L.2    Liu, X.H.3    Wang, Q.4    Huang, H.5    Zhu, Y.Z.6
  • 15
    • 77953286076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen sulfide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment: A pro-inflammatory pathway in rats
    • Gong, Q. H., Wang, Q., Pan, L. L., Liu, X. H., Huang, H. and Zhu, Y. Z. (2010) Hydrogen sulfide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment: A pro-inflammatory pathway in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 96, 52-58.
    • (2010) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav , vol.96 , pp. 52-58
    • Gong, Q.H.1    Wang, Q.2    Pan, L.L.3    Liu, X.H.4    Huang, H.5    Zhu, Y.Z.6
  • 17
    • 84880157962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korean red ginseng extract prevents APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through metabolic enzyme regulation: The role of ginsenoside Rg3, a protopanaxadiol
    • Gum, S. I. and Cho, M. K. (2013) Korean red ginseng extract prevents APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through metabolic enzyme regulation: The role of ginsenoside Rg3, a protopanaxadiol. Liver Int. 33, 1071-1084.
    • (2013) Liver Int , vol.33 , pp. 1071-1084
    • Gum, S.I.1    Cho, M.K.2
  • 18
    • 77956616914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of icariin on brain dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats
    • Guo, J., Li, F., Wu, Q., Gong, Q., Lu, Y. and Shi, J. (2010) Protective effects of icariin on brain dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. Phytomedicine 17, 950-955.
    • (2010) Phytomedicine , vol.17 , pp. 950-955
    • Guo, J.1    Li, F.2    Wu, Q.3    Gong, Q.4    Lu, Y.5    Shi, J.6
  • 19
    • 79955011062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug discovery from Chinese medicine against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia
    • Ho, Y. S., So, K. F. and Chang, R. C. (2011) Drug discovery from Chinese medicine against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Chin. Med. 6, 15.
    • (2011) Chin. Med , vol.6 , pp. 15
    • Ho, Y.S.1    So, K.F.2    Chang, R.C.3
  • 21
    • 80052028069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced memory impairments and chronic lipopolysaccharide infusion-induced memory impairments
    • Hwang, Y. K., Ma, J., Choi, B. R., Cui, C. A., Jeon, W. K., Kim, H., Kim, H. Y., Han, S. H. and Han, J. S. (2011) Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced memory impairments and chronic lipopolysaccharide infusion-induced memory impairments. J. Ethnopharmacol. 137, 681-689.
    • (2011) J. Ethnopharmacol , vol.137 , pp. 681-689
    • Hwang, Y.K.1    Ma, J.2    Choi, B.R.3    Cui, C.A.4    Jeon, W.K.5    Kim, H.6    Kim, H.Y.7    Han, S.H.8    Han, J.S.9
  • 22
    • 0037130374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modula-tory role of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in aging- and scopolamine or lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice
    • Jain, N. K., Patil, C. S., Kulkarni, S. K. and Singh, A. (2002) Modula-tory role of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in aging- and scopolamine or lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Behav. Brain Res. 133, 369-376.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res , vol.133 , pp. 369-376
    • Jain, N.K.1    Patil, C.S.2    Kulkarni, S.K.3    Singh, A.4
  • 23
    • 0032985664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korean red ginseng saponins with low ratios of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponin improve scopolamine-induced learning disability and spatial working memory in mice
    • Jin, S. H., Park, J. K., Nam, K. Y., Park, S. N. and Jung, N. P. (1999) Korean red ginseng saponins with low ratios of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponin improve scopolamine-induced learning disability and spatial working memory in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 66, 123-129.
    • (1999) J. Ethnopharmacol , vol.66 , pp. 123-129
    • Jin, S.H.1    Park, J.K.2    Nam, K.Y.3    Park, S.N.4    Jung, N.P.5
  • 24
    • 46449129397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of inflammation-mediated neurotox-icity by Rg3 and its role in microglial activation
    • Joo, S. S., Yoo, Y. M., Ahn, B. W., Nam, S. Y., Kim, Y. B., Hwang, K. W. and Lee, I. (2008) Prevention of inflammation-mediated neurotox-icity by Rg3 and its role in microglial activation. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 31, 1392-1396.
    • (2008) Biol. Pharm. Bull , vol.31 , pp. 1392-1396
    • Joo, S.S.1    Yoo, Y.M.2    Ahn, B.W.3    Nam, S.Y.4    Kim, Y.B.5    Hwang, K.W.6    Lee, I.7
  • 25
    • 34748915234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventive effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 against lipo-polysaccharide-induced hepatic and renal injury in rats
    • Kang, K. S., Kim, H. Y., Yamabe, N., Park, J. H. and Yokozawa, T. (2007) Preventive effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 against lipo-polysaccharide-induced hepatic and renal injury in rats. Free Radic. Res. 41, 1181-1188.
    • (2007) Free Radic. Res , vol.41 , pp. 1181-1188
    • Kang, K.S.1    Kim, H.Y.2    Yamabe, N.3    Park, J.H.4    Yokozawa, T.5
  • 27
    • 58149523226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the antiobesity effects of the protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol-type saponins of red ginseng
    • Kim, J. H., Kang, S. A., Han, S. M. and Shim, I. (2009) Comparison of the antiobesity effects of the protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol-type saponins of red ginseng. Phytother. Res. 23, 78-85.
    • (2009) Phytother. Res , vol.23 , pp. 78-85
    • Kim, J.H.1    Kang, S.A.2    Han, S.M.3    Shim, I.4
  • 28
    • 79958717549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant-like effect of altered Korean red ginseng in mice
    • Kim, N. H., Kim, K. Y., Jeong, H. J. and Kim, H. M. (2011) Antidepressant-like effect of altered Korean red ginseng in mice. Behav. Med. 37, 42-46.
    • (2011) Behav. Med , vol.37 , pp. 42-46
    • Kim, N.H.1    Kim, K.Y.2    Jeong, H.J.3    Kim, H.M.4
  • 29
    • 25644456097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation exacerbates tau pathology by a cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease
    • Kitazawa, M., Oddo, S., Yamasaki, T. R., Green, K. N. and LaFerla, F. M. (2005) Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation exacerbates tau pathology by a cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease. J. Neurosci. 25, 8843-8853.
    • (2005) J. Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 8843-8853
    • Kitazawa, M.1    Oddo, S.2    Yamasaki, T.R.3    Green, K.N.4    Laferla, F.M.5
  • 30
    • 33750488783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on intracerebroventricular colchicine-induced dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats
    • Kumar, A., Seghal, N., Padi, S. V. and Naidu, P. S. (2006) Differential effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on intracerebroventricular colchicine-induced dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 551, 58-66.
    • (2006) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.551 , pp. 58-66
    • Kumar, A.1    Seghal, N.2    Padi, S.V.3    Naidu, P.S.4
  • 31
    • 53349129897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuro-inflammation induced by lipopoly-saccharide causes cognitive impairment through enhancement of beta-amyloid generation
    • Lee, J. W., Lee, Y. K., Yuk, D. Y., Choi, D. Y., Ban, S. B., Oh, K. W. and Hong, J. T. (2008) Neuro-inflammation induced by lipopoly-saccharide causes cognitive impairment through enhancement of beta-amyloid generation. J. Neuroinflammation 5, 37.
    • (2008) J. Neuroinflammation , vol.5 , pp. 37
    • Lee, J.W.1    Lee, Y.K.2    Yuk, D.Y.3    Choi, D.Y.4    Ban, S.B.5    Oh, K.W.6    Hong, J.T.7
  • 33
    • 84862107978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ginsenoside Re on depression and anxiety-like behaviors and cognition memory deficit induced by repeated immobilization in rats
    • Lee, B., Shim, I., Lee, H. and Hahm, D. H. (2012) Effect of ginsenoside Re on depression and anxiety-like behaviors and cognition memory deficit induced by repeated immobilization in rats. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 22, 708-720.
    • (2012) J. Microbiol. Biotechnol , vol.22 , pp. 708-720
    • Lee, B.1    Shim, I.2    Lee, H.3    Hahm, D.H.4
  • 34
    • 0034302872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroinflammatory signaling upregulation in Alzheimer's disease
    • Lukiw, W. J. and Bazan, N. G. (2000) Neuroinflammatory signaling upregulation in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem. Res. 25, 1173-1184.
    • (2000) Neurochem. Res , vol.25 , pp. 1173-1184
    • Lukiw, W.J.1    Bazan, N.G.2
  • 35
    • 64749084436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic brain inflammation impairs two forms of long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampal CA1 area
    • Min, S. S., Quan, H. Y., Ma, J., Han, J. S., Jeon, B. H. and Seol, G. H. (2009) Chronic brain inflammation impairs two forms of long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampal CA1 area. Neurosci. Lett. 456, 20-24.
    • (2009) Neurosci. Lett , vol.456 , pp. 20-24
    • Min, S.S.1    Quan, H.Y.2    Ma, J.3    Han, J.S.4    Jeon, B.H.5    Seol, G.H.6
  • 36
    • 80355125163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of betaine on lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in mice and the involvement of GABA transporter 2
    • Miwa, M., Tsuboi, M., Noguchi, Y., Enokishima, A., Nabeshima, T. and Hiramatsu, M. (2011) Effects of betaine on lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in mice and the involvement of GABA transporter 2. J. Neuroinflammation 8, 153.
    • (2011) J. Neuroinflammation , vol.8 , pp. 153
    • Miwa, M.1    Tsuboi, M.2    Noguchi, Y.3    Enokishima, A.4    Nabeshima, T.5    Hiramatsu, M.6
  • 37
    • 71549135583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology and the neuroinflammation idea
    • Mrak, R. E. (2009) Neuropathology and the neuroinflammation idea. J. Alzheimers Dis. 18, 473-481.
    • (2009) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.18 , pp. 473-481
    • Mrak, R.E.1
  • 38
    • 84866039246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gin-senoside Rg3 attenuates microglia activation following systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice
    • Park, S. M., Choi, M. S., Sohn, N. W. and Shin, J. W. (2012) Gin-senoside Rg3 attenuates microglia activation following systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 35, 1546-1552.
    • (2012) Biol. Pharm. Bull , vol.35 , pp. 1546-1552
    • Park, S.M.1    Choi, M.S.2    Sohn, N.W.3    Shin, J.W.4
  • 40
    • 0345304249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide enhances seizure susceptibility in mice: Involvement of proinflammatory factors: Nitric oxide and prostaglandins
    • Sayyah, M., Javad-Pour, M. and Ghazi-Khansari, M. (2003) The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide enhances seizure susceptibility in mice: Involvement of proinflammatory factors: Nitric oxide and prostaglandins. Neuroscience 122, 1073-1080.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.122 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Sayyah, M.1    Javad-Pour, M.2    Ghazi-Khansari, M.3
  • 41
    • 47849127085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
    • Schwab, C. and McGeer, P. L. (2008) Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. J. Alzheimers Dis. 13, 359-369.
    • (2008) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.13 , pp. 359-369
    • Schwab, C.1    McGeer, P.L.2
  • 42
    • 0037216458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha central administration on hippocampal damage in rat induced by amyloid beta-peptide (25-35)
    • Stepanichev, M. Y., Zdobnova, I. M., Yakovlev, A. A., Onufriev, M. V., Lazareva, N. A., Zarubenko, II. and Gulyaeva, N. V. (2003) Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha central administration on hippocampal damage in rat induced by amyloid beta-peptide (25-35). J. Neurosci. Res. 71, 110-120.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.71 , pp. 110-120
    • Stepanichev, M.Y.1    Zdobnova, I.M.2    Yakovlev, A.A.3    Onufriev, M.V.4    Lazareva, N.A.5    Zarubenko, I.I.6    Gulyaeva, N.V.7
  • 44
    • 11844298464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Tian, J., Fu, F., Geng, M., Jiang, Y., Yang, J., Jiang, W., Wang, C. and Liu K. (2005) Neuroprotective effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 on cerebral ischemia in rats. Neurosci. Lett. 374, 92-97.
    • (2005) Neurosci. Lett , vol.374 , pp. 92-97
    • Tian, J.1    Fu, F.2    Geng, M.3    Jiang, Y.4    Yang, J.5    Jiang, W.6    Wang, C.7    Liu, K.8
  • 45
    • 0032743041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Korean red ginseng on psychological functions in patients with severe climacteric syndromes
    • Tode, T., Kikuchi, Y., Hirata, J., Kita, T., Nakata, H. and Nagata, I. (1999) Effect of Korean red ginseng on psychological functions in patients with severe climacteric syndromes. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 67, 169-174.
    • (1999) Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet , vol.67 , pp. 169-174
    • Tode, T.1    Kikuchi, Y.2    Hirata, J.3    Kita, T.4    Nakata, H.5    Nagata, I.6
  • 46
    • 78650184884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-neuroinflammation effect of ginsenoside Rbl in a rat model of Alzheimer disease
    • Wang, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Bi, P., Qi, Z. and Zhang, C. (2011) Anti-neuroinflammation effect of ginsenoside Rbl in a rat model of Alzheimer disease. Neurosci. Lett. 487, 70-72.
    • (2011) Neurosci. Lett , vol.487 , pp. 70-72
    • Wang, Y.1    Liu, J.2    Zhang, Z.3    Bi, P.4    Qi, Z.5    Zhang, C.6
  • 47
    • 78649638758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 for their effects on improving scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice
    • Wang, Q., Sun, L. H., Jia, W., Liu, X. M., Dang, H. X., Mai, W. L., Wang, N., Steinmetz, A., Wang, Y. Q. and Xu, C. J. (2010) Comparison of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 for their effects on improving scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice. Phytother. Res. 24, 1748-1754.
    • (2010) Phytother. Res , vol.24 , pp. 1748-1754
    • Wang, Q.1    Sun, L.H.2    Jia, W.3    Liu, X.M.4    Dang, H.X.5    Mai, W.L.6    Wang, N.7    Steinmetz, A.8    Wang, Y.Q.9    Xu, C.J.10
  • 48
    • 84872857138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal immune challenge exacerbates seizure-induced hippocampus-dependent memory impairment in adult rats
    • Yin, P., Li, Z., Wang, Y. Y., Qiao, N. N., Huang, S. Y., Sun, R. P. and Wang, J. W. (2013) Neonatal immune challenge exacerbates seizure-induced hippocampus-dependent memory impairment in adult rats. Epilepsy Behav. 27, 9-17.
    • (2013) Epilepsy Behav , vol.27 , pp. 9-17
    • Yin, P.1    Li, Z.2    Wang, Y.Y.3    Qiao, N.N.4    Huang, S.Y.5    Sun, R.P.6    Wang, J.W.7
  • 49
    • 79955603813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term ginsenoside administration prevents memory loss in aged female C57BL/6J mice by modulating the redox status and up-regulating the plasticity-related proteins in hippocampus
    • Zhao, H. F., Li, Q. and Li, Y. (2011) Long-term ginsenoside administration prevents memory loss in aged female C57BL/6J mice by modulating the redox status and up-regulating the plasticity-related proteins in hippocampus. Neuroscience 183, 189-202.
    • (2011) Neuroscience , vol.183 , pp. 189-202
    • Zhao, H.F.1    Li, Q.2    Li, Y.3
  • 50
    • 33747890559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brain as a target of inflammation: Common pathways link inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases
    • Zipp, F. and Aktas, O. (2006) The brain as a target of inflammation: Common pathways link inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci. 29, 518-527.
    • (2006) Trends Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 518-527
    • Zipp, F.1    Aktas, O.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.