메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 183-195

Lung cancer biomarkers for the assessment of modified risk tobacco products: An oxidative stress perspective

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Cigarette; Disease prediction; Isoprostane; MRTP; Smoking

Indexed keywords

4 HYDROXYNONENAL; 5,6 DIHYDRO 5,6 DIHYDROXYTHYMIDINE; 8 HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE; 8 HYDROXYGUANINE; ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; CARCINOGEN; CAROTENOID; CATALASE; CIGARETTE SMOKE; CYTOCHROME P450 1A2; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID; DNA; DNA BASE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; HEMOGLOBIN; HYDROXYL RADICAL; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; ISOPROSTANE DERIVATIVE; MALONALDEHYDE; MUTAGENIC AGENT; POLYDEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHASE; PROTEOME; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; THYMIDINE; TUMOR MARKER; UNSPECIFIC MONOOXYGENASE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

EID: 84876520238     PISSN: 1354750X     EISSN: 13665804     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/1354750X.2013.777116     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (33)

References (151)
  • 1
    • 1842523340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood antioxidant status and urine sulfate and thiocyanate levels in smokers
    • Abou-Seif MA. (1996). Blood antioxidant status and urine sulfate and thiocyanate levels in smokers. J Biochem Toxicol 11: 133-8. (Pubitemid 126804266)
    • (1996) Journal of Biochemical Toxicology , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 133-138
    • Abou-Seif, M.A.M.1
  • 3
    • 0023685476 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of sister chromatid exchange as an indicator of sensitivity to N-ethyl-Nnitrosourea-induced carcinogenesis in rats
    • Aitio A, Cabral JR, Camus AM, et al. (1988). Evaluation of sister chromatid exchange as an indicator of sensitivity to N-ethyl-Nnitrosourea- induced carcinogenesis in rats. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 8: 273-86.
    • (1988) Teratog Carcinog Mutagen , vol.8 , pp. 273-286
    • Aitio, A.1    Cabral, J.R.2    Camus, A.M.3
  • 4
    • 0037110635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of cigarette smoking on circulating concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients
    • DOI 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00386-4, PII S0300483X02003864
    • Alberg A. (2002). The influence of cigarette smoking on circulating concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients. Toxicology 180: 121-37. (Pubitemid 35254069)
    • (2002) Toxicology , vol.180 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-137
    • Alberg, A.J.1
  • 6
    • 0018515679 scopus 로고
    • The reliability of the Ames assay for the prediction of chemical carcinogenicity
    • Ames B, Haroun L, Andrews AW, et al. (1979). The reliability of the Ames assay for the prediction of chemical carcinogenicity. Mutat Res 62: 393-9.
    • (1979) Mutat Res , vol.62 , pp. 393-399
    • Ames, B.1    Haroun, L.2    Andrews, A.W.3
  • 7
    • 0029895110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase of a type of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxyguanine, and its repair activity in human leukocytes by cigarette smoking
    • Asami S, Hirano T, Yamaguchi R, et al. (1996). Increase of a type of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxyguanine, and its repair activity in human leukocytes by cigarette smoking. Cancer Res 56: 2546-9. (Pubitemid 26170692)
    • (1996) Cancer Research , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 2546-2549
    • Asami, S.1    Hirano, T.2    Yamaguchi, R.3    Tomioka, Y.4    Itoh, H.5    Kasai, H.6
  • 8
    • 0031428463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/18.9.1763
    • Asami S, Manabe H, Miyake J, et al. (1997). Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung. Carcinogenesis 18: 1763-6. (Pubitemid 28134683)
    • (1997) Carcinogenesis , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 1763-1766
    • Asami, S.1    Manabe, H.2    Miyake, J.3    Tsurudome, Y.4    Hirano, T.5    Yamaguchi, R.6    Itoh, H.7    Kasai, H.8
  • 10
    • 36349007043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal active or passive smoking causes oxidative stress in cord blood
    • DOI 10.1007/s00431-007-0433-z
    • Aycicek A, Ipek A. (2008). Maternal active or passive smoking causes oxidative stress in cord blood. Eur J Pediatr 167: 81-5. (Pubitemid 350159824)
    • (2008) European Journal of Pediatrics , vol.167 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-85
    • Aycicek, A.1    Ipek, A.2
  • 11
    • 77955870173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic air pollution and oxidatively generated DNA damage: Can urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxiguanosine be considered a good biomarker? A metaanalysis
    • Barbato DL, Tomei G, Tomei F, Sancini A. (2010). Traffic air pollution and oxidatively generated DNA damage: can urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2- deoxiguanosine be considered a good biomarker? A metaanalysis. Biomarkers 15: 538-45.
    • (2010) Biomarkers , vol.15 , pp. 538-545
    • Barbato, D.L.1    Tomei, G.2    Tomei, F.3    Sancini, A.4
  • 14
    • 0035100888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: Preferred definitions and conceptual framework
    • Biomarkers Definitions Working Group
    • Biomarkers Definitions Working Group. (2001). Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol Ther 69: 89-95.
    • (2001) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.69 , pp. 89-95
  • 15
    • 37849026503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased blood antioxidant capacity and increased lipid peroxidation in young cigarette smokers compared to nonsmokers: Impact of dietary intake
    • Bloomer RJ. (2007). Decreased blood antioxidant capacity and increased lipid peroxidation in young cigarette smokers compared to nonsmokers: impact of dietary intake. Nutr J 6: 36-9.
    • (2007) Nutr J , vol.6 , pp. 36-39
    • Bloomer, R.J.1
  • 16
    • 2642701716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative studies of the mutagenicity of environmental tobacco smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1998)31:2<169::AID-EM9>3.0.CO;2-H
    • Bombick BR, Avalos JT, Nelson PR, et al. (1998). Comparative studies of the mutagenicity of environmental tobacco smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco. Environ Mol Mutagen 31: 169-75. (Pubitemid 28188288)
    • (1998) Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-175
    • Bombick, B.R.1    Avalos, J.T.2    Nelson, P.R.3    Conrad, F.W.4    Doolittle, D.J.5
  • 18
    • 79953261890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of aldehydes and hydrogen cyanide yields in mainstream cigarette smoke using an amine functionalised ion exchange resin
    • Branton P, McAdam K, Winter D, et al. (2011). Reduction of aldehydes and hydrogen cyanide yields in mainstream cigarette smoke using an amine functionalised ion exchange resin. Chem Central J 5: 15.
    • (2011) Chem Central J , vol.5 , pp. 15
    • Branton, P.1    McAdam, K.2    Winter, D.3
  • 19
    • 0030914737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1997)29:3<303::AID-EM11>3.0.CO;2-I
    • Brown BG, Lee CK, Bombick BR, et al. (1997). Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco. Environ Mol Mutagen 29: 303-11. (Pubitemid 27210432)
    • (1997) Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 303-311
    • Brown, B.G.1    Lee, C.K.2    Bombick, B.R.3    Ayres, P.H.4    Mosberg, A.T.5    Doolittle, D.J.6
  • 20
    • 68949114436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in human plasma
    • Buico A, Cassino C, Ravera M, et al. (2009). Oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in human plasma. Redox Rep 14: 125-31.
    • (2009) Redox Rep , vol.14 , pp. 125-131
    • Buico, A.1    Cassino, C.2    Ravera, M.3
  • 21
    • 0036430983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The levels of serum vitamin C, malonyldialdehyde and erythrocyte reduced glutathione in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in healthy smokers
    • DOI 10.1515/CCLM.2002.179
    • Calikoglu M, Unlu A, Tamer L, et al. (2002). The levels of serum vitamin C, malonyldialdehyde and erythrocyte reduced glutathione in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in healthy smokers. Clin Chem Lab Med 40: 1028-31. (Pubitemid 35356021)
    • (2002) Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine , vol.40 , Issue.10 , pp. 1028-1031
    • Calikoglu, M.1    Unlu, A.2    Tamer, L.3    Ercan, B.4    Bugdayci, R.5    Atik, U.6
  • 22
    • 0031745637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of different analytical methods for assessing total antioxidant capacity of human serum
    • Cao G, Prior RL. (1998). Comparison of different analytical methods for assessing total antioxidant capacity of human serum. Clin Chem 44: 1309-15. (Pubitemid 28283072)
    • (1998) Clinical Chemistry , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 1309-1315
    • Cao, G.1    Prior, R.L.2
  • 23
    • 0018776894 scopus 로고
    • Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs
    • Chance B, Sies H, Boveris A. (1979). Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs. Physiol Rev 59: 527-605. (Pubitemid 9236599)
    • (1979) Physiological Reviews , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 527-605
    • Chance, B.1    Sies, H.2    Boveris, A.3
  • 24
    • 0141919448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic instability and cancer
    • DOI 10.2174/1566524033479456
    • Charames GS, Bapat B. (2003). Genomic instability and cancer. Curr Mol Med 3: 589-96. (Pubitemid 37236402)
    • (2003) Current Molecular Medicine , vol.3 , Issue.7 , pp. 589-596
    • Charames, G.S.1    Bapat, B.2
  • 25
    • 58149154725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of analytic methods for biomarkers used in drug development
    • Chau CH, Rixe O, McLeod H, Figg WD. (2008). Validation of analytic methods for biomarkers used in drug development. Clin Cancer Res 14: 5967-76.
    • (2008) Clin Cancer Res , vol.14 , pp. 5967-5976
    • Chau, C.H.1    Rixe, O.2    McLeod, H.3    Figg, W.D.4
  • 27
    • 0026592966 scopus 로고
    • 8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G-T and A-C substitutions
    • Cheng KC, Cahill DS, Kasai H, et al. (1992). 8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G-T and A-C substitutions. J Biol Chem 267: 166-72.
    • (1992) J Biol Chem , vol.267 , pp. 166-172
    • Cheng, K.C.1    Cahill, D.S.2    Kasai, H.3
  • 28
    • 0028106053 scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic and other considerations in cancer prevention
    • DOI 10.1016/0304-3835(94)90293-3
    • Clayson DB. (1994). Mechanistic and other considerations in cancer prevention. Cancer Lett 83: 15-19. (Pubitemid 24253512)
    • (1994) Cancer Letters , vol.83 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 15-19
    • Clayson, D.B.1
  • 29
    • 0032466393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology in cancer research
    • DOI 10.1016/S0098-2997(99)00003-5, PII S0098299799000035
    • Collins AR. (1998). Molecular epidemiology in cancer research. Mol Aspects Med 19: 359-432. (Pubitemid 29261704)
    • (1998) Molecular Aspects of Medicine , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 359-432
    • Collins, A.R.1
  • 30
    • 13844281684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assays for oxidative stress and antioxidant status: Applications to research into the biological effectiveness of polyphenols
    • Collins AR. (2005). Assays for oxidative stress and antioxidant status: applications to research into the biological effectiveness of polyphenols. Am J Clin Nutr 81: 261S-7S.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Collins, A.R.1
  • 32
    • 32044466239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does measurement of oxidative damage to DNA have clinical significance?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cca.2005.09.009, PII S0009898105005577
    • Cooke MS, Olinski R, Evans MD. (2006). Does measurement of oxidative damage to DNA have clinical significance? Clin Chim Acta 365: 30-49 (Pubitemid 43196415)
    • (2006) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.365 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 30-49
    • Cooke, M.S.1    Olinski, R.2    Evans, M.D.3
  • 33
    • 79953192533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation to bax beyond the bh3 domain disrupts interactions with pro-survival proteins and promotes apoptosis
    • Czabotar PE, Lee EF, Thompson GV, et al. (2011). Mutation to bax beyond the bh3 domain disrupts interactions with pro-survival proteins and promotes apoptosis. J Biol Chem 286: 7123-31.
    • (2011) J Biol Chem , vol.286 , pp. 7123-7131
    • Czabotar, P.E.1    Lee, E.F.2    Thompson, G.V.3
  • 34
    • 63049111164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VEGF, TNF-alpha and 8-isoprostane levels in exhaled breath condensate and serum of patients with lung cancer
    • Dalaveris E, Kerenidi T, Katsabeki-Katsafli A, et al. (2009). VEGF, TNF-alpha and 8-isoprostane levels in exhaled breath condensate and serum of patients with lung cancer. Lung Cancer 64: 219-25.
    • (2009) Lung Cancer , vol.64 , pp. 219-225
    • Dalaveris, E.1    Kerenidi, T.2    Katsabeki-Katsafli, A.3
  • 37
    • 0008376153 scopus 로고
    • Smoking and carcinoma of the lung; Preliminary report
    • Doll R, Hill AB. (1950). Smoking and carcinoma of the lung; preliminary report. Br Med J 2: 739-48.
    • (1950) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 739-748
    • Doll, R.1    Hill, A.B.2
  • 39
    • 0029998738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Duthie SJ, Ma A, Ross MA, Collins AR. (1996). Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Cancer Res 56: 1291-5. (Pubitemid 26080971)
    • (1996) Cancer Research , vol.56 , Issue.6 , pp. 1291-1295
    • Duthie, S.J.1    Ma, A.2    Ross, M.A.3    Collins, A.R.4
  • 40
    • 67650439250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of plasma micronutrient levels and urinary isoprostane with risk of lung cancer: The multiethnic cohort study
    • Epplein M, Franke AA, Cooney RV, et al. (2009). Association of plasma micronutrient levels and urinary isoprostane with risk of lung cancer: the multiethnic cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18: 1962-70.
    • (2009) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.18 , pp. 1962-1970
    • Epplein, M.1    Franke, A.A.2    Cooney, R.V.3
  • 41
    • 11144328985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of smoking on maternal and neonatal serum malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels
    • Ermis B, Ors R, Yildirim A, et al. (2004). Influence of smoking on maternal and neonatal serum malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels. Ann Clin Lab Sci 34: 405-9. (Pubitemid 40040961)
    • (2004) Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 405-409
    • Ermis, B.1    Ors, R.2    Yildirim, A.3    Tastekin, A.4    Kardas, F.5    Akcay, F.6
  • 42
    • 22444440624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of smoking on serum and milk malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant potential levels in mothers at the postpartum seventh day
    • Ermis B, Yildirim A, Ors R, et al. (2005). Influence of smoking on serum and milk malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant potential levels in mothers at the postpartum seventh day. Biol Trace Elem Res 105: 27-36. (Pubitemid 41009045)
    • (2005) Biological Trace Element Research , vol.105 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 27-36
    • Ermis, B.1    Yildirim, A.2    Ors, R.3    Tastekin, A.4    Ozkan, B.5    Akcay, F.6
  • 43
    • 0025814980 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes
    • Esterbauer H, Schaur RJ, Zollner H. (1991). Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes. Free Radic Biol Med 11: 81-128. (Pubitemid 121003917)
    • (1991) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-128
    • Esterbauer, H.1    Schaur, R.J.2    Zollner, H.3
  • 45
    • 77956245228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA repair and the origins of urinary oxidized 20-deoxyribonucleosides
    • Evans MD, Saparbaev M, Cooke MS. (2010). DNA repair and the origins of urinary oxidized 20-deoxyribonucleosides. Mutagenesis 25: 433-42.
    • (2010) Mutagenesis , vol.25 , pp. 433-442
    • Evans, M.D.1    Saparbaev, M.2    Cooke, M.S.3
  • 46
    • 0032247061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking-associated mitochondrial DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation in human lung tissues
    • Fahn HJ, Wang LS, Kao SH, et al. (1998). Smoking-associated mitochondrial DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation in human lung tissues. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 19: 901-9.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.19 , pp. 901-909
    • Fahn, H.J.1    Wang, L.S.2    Kao, S.H.3
  • 48
    • 72149129743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of oxidative stress in the biological responses of lung epithelial cells to cigarette smoke
    • Faux SP, Tai T, Thorne D, et al. (2009). The role of oxidative stress in the biological responses of lung epithelial cells to cigarette smoke. Biomarkers 14: 90-6.
    • (2009) Biomarkers , vol.14 , pp. 90-96
    • Faux, S.P.1    Tai, T.2    Thorne, D.3
  • 49
    • 0003484310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food and Drug Administration Rockville (MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)
    • Food and Drug Administration. (2001). Guidance for industry: bioanalytical method validation. Rockville (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM).
    • (2001) Guidance for Industry: Bioanalytical Method Validation
  • 50
    • 56149121187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term clinical exposure evaluation of a third-generation electrically heated cigarette smoking system (EHCSS) in adult smokers
    • Frost-Pineda K, Zedler BK, Oliveri D, et al. (2008). Short-term clinical exposure evaluation of a third-generation electrically heated cigarette smoking system (EHCSS) in adult smokers. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 52: 104-10.
    • (2008) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 104-110
    • Frost-Pineda, K.1    Zedler, B.K.2    Oliveri, D.3
  • 51
    • 79957893988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of potential harm among adult smokers and nonsmokers in the total exposure study
    • Frost-Pineda K, Liang Q, Liu J, et al. (2011). Biomarkers of potential harm among adult smokers and nonsmokers in the total exposure study. Nicotine Tob Res 13: 182-93.
    • (2011) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.13 , pp. 182-193
    • Frost-Pineda, K.1    Liang, Q.2    Liu, J.3
  • 52
    • 0035875939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NADPH-dependent glutathione peroxidase-like proteins (Gpx-1, Gpx-2) reduce unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides in Synechocystis PCC 6803
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02517-0, PII S0014579301025170
    • Gaber A, Tamoi M, Takeda T, et al. (2001). Nadph-dependent glutathione peroxidase-like proteins (gpx-1, gpx-2) reduce unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides in synechocystis pcc 6803. FEBS Lett 499: 32-6. (Pubitemid 32539315)
    • (2001) FEBS Letters , vol.499 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 32-36
    • Gaber, A.1    Tamoi, M.2    Takeda, T.3    Nakano, Y.4    Shigeoka, S.5
  • 53
    • 49449085278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids and the risk of developing lung cancer: A systematic review
    • Gallicchio L, Boyd K, Matanoski G, et al. (2008). Carotenoids and the risk of developing lung cancer: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 88: 372-83.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 372-383
    • Gallicchio, L.1    Boyd, K.2    Matanoski, G.3
  • 54
    • 0027083472 scopus 로고
    • Extrapolation of carcinogenicity between species: Qualitative and quantitative factors
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1992.tb00714.x
    • Gold LS, Manley NB, Ames BN. (1992). Extrapolation of carcinogenicity between species: qualitative and quantitative factors. Risk Anal 12: 579-88. (Pubitemid 23050545)
    • (1992) Risk Analysis , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 579-588
    • Gold, L.S.1    Manley, N.B.2    Ames, B.N.3
  • 55
    • 0037782104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between lung and prostate cancer risk, and serum micronutrients: Results and lessons learned from β-carotene and retinol efficacy trial
    • Goodman GE, Schaffer S, Omenn GS, et al. (2003). The association between lung and prostate cancer risk, and serum micronutrients: results and lessons learned from beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 12: 518-26. (Pubitemid 36713646)
    • (2003) Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 518-526
    • Goodman, G.E.1    Schaffer, S.2    Omenn, G.S.3    Chen, C.4    King, I.5
  • 56
    • 65949116151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoke effect on total salivary antioxidant capacity, salivary glutathione peroxidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity
    • Greabu M, Totan A, Battino M, et al. (2008). Cigarette smoke effect on total salivary antioxidant capacity, salivary glutathione peroxidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. Biofactors 33: 129-36.
    • (2008) Biofactors , vol.33 , pp. 129-136
    • Greabu, M.1    Totan, A.2    Battino, M.3
  • 57
    • 33645847529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An approach to the validation of biomarkers of harm for use in a tobacco context
    • Gregg EO, Fisher AL, Lowe F, et al. (2006). An approach to the validation of biomarkers of harm for use in a tobacco context. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 44: 262-7.
    • (2006) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 262-267
    • Gregg, E.O.1    Fisher, A.L.2    Lowe, F.3
  • 59
    • 0015790187 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen toxicity and the superoxide dismutase
    • Gregory EM, Fridovich I. (1973). Oxygen toxicity and the superoxide dismutase. J Bacteriol 114: 1193-7.
    • (1973) J Bacteriol , vol.114 , pp. 1193-1197
    • Gregory, E.M.1    Fridovich, I.2
  • 60
    • 0037079003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rules for making human tumor cells
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJMra021902
    • Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. (2002). Rules for making human tumor cells. N Engl J Med 347: 1593-603. (Pubitemid 35315841)
    • (2002) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.347 , Issue.20 , pp. 1593-1603
    • Hahn, W.C.1    Weinberg, R.A.2
  • 61
    • 2942572700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring reactive species and oxidative damage in vivo and in cell culture: How should you do it and what do the results mean?
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705776
    • Halliwell B, Whiteman M. (2004). Measuring reactive species and oxidative damage in vivo and in cell culture: how should you do it and what do the results mean? Br J Pharmacol 142: 231-55. (Pubitemid 38746160)
    • (2004) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.142 , Issue.2 , pp. 231-255
    • Halliwell, B.1    Whiteman, M.2
  • 62
    • 0034614637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hallmarks of cancer
    • Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. (2000). The hallmarks of cancer. Cell 100: 57-70. (Pubitemid 30046295)
    • (2000) Cell , vol.100 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-70
    • Hanahan, D.1    Weinberg, R.A.2
  • 65
    • 33646434839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers to assess the utility of potential reduced exposure tobacco products
    • DOI 10.1080/14622200600576628, PII U30707720167578
    • Hatsukami DK, Benowitz NL, Rennard SI, et al. (2006). Biomarkers to assess the utility of potential reduced exposure tobacco products. Nicotine Tob Res 8: 169-91. (Pubitemid 43675073)
    • (2006) Nicotine and Tobacco Research , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-191
    • Hatsukami, D.K.1    Benowitz, N.L.2    Rennard, S.I.3    Oncken, C.4    Hecht, S.S.5
  • 66
    • 0029962621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of lung antioxidants to cigarette smoking in humans
    • Hilbert J, Mohsenin V. (1996). Adaptation of lung antioxidants to cigarette smoking in humans. Chest 110: 916-20. (Pubitemid 26347603)
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , Issue.4 , pp. 916-920
    • Hilbert, J.1    Mohsenin, V.2
  • 68
    • 0036850924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major lipid peroxidation product, trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, preferentially forms DNA adducts at codon 249 of human p53 gene, a unique mutational hotspot in hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Hu W, Feng Z, Eveleigh J, et al. (2002). The major lipid peroxidation product, trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, preferentially forms DNA adducts at codon 249 of human p53 gene, a unique mutational hotspot in hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 23: 1781-9. (Pubitemid 35355927)
    • (2002) Carcinogenesis , vol.23 , Issue.11 , pp. 1781-1789
    • Hu, W.1    Feng, Z.2    Eveleigh, J.3    Iyer, G.4    Pan, J.5    Amin, S.6    Chung, F.-L.7    Tang, M.-S.8
  • 73
    • 34347370419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in smokers and nonsmokers
    • Isik B, Ceylan A, Isik R. (2007). Oxidative stress in smokers and nonsmokers. Inhal Toxicol 19: 767-9.
    • (2007) Inhal Toxicol , vol.19 , pp. 767-769
    • Isik, B.1    Ceylan, A.2    Isik, R.3
  • 78
    • 0037374162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of smoking on markers of oxidative stress and serum mineral concentrations in teenage girls in Korea
    • DOI 10.1016/S0899-9007(02)01002-X, PII S089990070201002X
    • Kim SH, Kim JS, Shin HS, Keen CL. (2003). Influence of smoking on markers of oxidative stress and serum mineral concentrations in teenage girls in Korea. Nutrition 19: 240-3. (Pubitemid 36279462)
    • (2003) Nutrition , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 240-243
    • Kim, S.H.1    Kim, J.S.2    Shin, H.S.3    Keen, C.L.4
  • 79
    • 33749598665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophils and respiratory tract DNA damage and mutagenesis: A review
    • DOI 10.1093/mutage/gel032
    • Knaapen AM, Gungor N, Schins RPF, et al. (2006). Neutrophils and respiratory tract DNA damage and mutagenesis: a review. Mutagenesis 21: 225-36. (Pubitemid 44543334)
    • (2006) Mutagenesis , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 225-236
    • Knaapen, A.M.1    Gungor, N.2    Schins, R.P.F.3    Borm, P.J.A.4    Van Schooten, F.J.5
  • 80
    • 0037219069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower serum levels of β-carotene in Lithuanian men are accompanied by higher urinary excretion of the oxidative DNA adduct, 8- hydroxydeoxyguanosine: The LiVicordia study
    • DOI 10.1016/S0899-9007(02)00837-7, PII S0899900702008377
    • Kristenson M, Kucinskiene Z, Schafer-Elinder L, et al. (2003). Lower serum levels of beta-carotene in lithuanian men are accompanied by higher urinary excretion of the oxidative DNA adduct, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. The Livicordia study. Nutrition 19: 11-15. (Pubitemid 36044479)
    • (2003) Nutrition , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-15
    • Kristenson, M.1    Kucinskiene, Z.2    Schafer-Elinder, L.3    Leanderson, P.4    Tagesson, C.5
  • 81
    • 79952036471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C supplementation lowers urinary levels of 4-hydroperoxy-2- nonenal metabolites in humans
    • Kuiper HC, Bruno RS, Traber MG, Stevens JF. (2011). Vitamin C supplementation lowers urinary levels of 4-hydroperoxy-2-nonenal metabolites in humans. Free Radic Biol Med 50: 848-53.
    • (2011) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.50 , pp. 848-853
    • Kuiper, H.C.1    Bruno, R.S.2    Traber, M.G.3    Stevens, J.F.4
  • 82
    • 74149087999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of mercapturic acid conjugates of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 4-oxo-2-nonenal metabolites in a smoking cessation study
    • Kuiper HC, Langsdorf BL, Miranda CL, et al. (2010). Quantitation of mercapturic acid conjugates of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 4-oxo-2-nonenal metabolites in a smoking cessation study. Free Radic Biol Med 48: 65-72.
    • (2010) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.48 , pp. 65-72
    • Kuiper, H.C.1    Langsdorf, B.L.2    Miranda, C.L.3
  • 84
    • 0032561297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of oxidative DNA damage, 8-OHdG, and carbonyl contents in smokers treated with antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene and red ginseng)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0304-3835(98)00227-4, PII S0304383598002274
    • Lee BM, Lee SK, Kim HS. (1998). Inhibition of oxidative DNA damage, 8-ohdg, and carbonyl contents in smokers treated with antioxidants (vitamin e, vitamin c, beta-carotene and red ginseng). Cancer Lett 132: 219-27. (Pubitemid 28535208)
    • (1998) Cancer Letters , vol.132 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 219-227
    • Lee, B.M.1    Lee, S.K.2    Kim, H.S.3
  • 85
    • 0037441349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2α in human urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01018-3, PII S0891584902010183
    • Liang Y, Wei P, Duke RW, et al. (2003). Quantification of 8-isoprostaglandin-f(2alpha) and 2,3-dinor-8-iso-prostaglandin-f(2alpha) in human urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Free Radic Biol Med 34: 409-18. (Pubitemid 36140165)
    • (2003) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 409-418
    • Liang, Y.1    Wei, P.2    Duke, R.W.3    Reaven, P.D.4    Harman, S.M.5    Cutler, R.G.6    Heward, C.B.7
  • 86
    • 0010767982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free radical defence and repair mechanisms
    • Wallace KB, ed New York: Publisher Press
    • Liebler DC, Reed DJ. (1999). Free radical defence and repair mechanisms. In: Wallace KB, ed. Free radical toxicology. New York: Publisher Press, 490-5.
    • Free Radical Toxicology , vol.1999 , pp. 490-495
    • Liebler, D.C.1    Reed, D.J.2
  • 88
    • 79960848802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of a novel tobacco treatment process to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke
    • Liu C, DeGrandpré Y, Porter A, et al. (2011a). The use of a novel tobacco treatment process to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke. Food Chem Toxicol 49: 1904-17.
    • (2011) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.49 , pp. 1904-1917
    • Liu, C.1    Degrandpré, Y.2    Porter, A.3
  • 89
    • 79952253622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kras gene mutation in colorectal cancer is correlated with increased proliferation and spontaneous apoptosis
    • Liu X, Jakubowski M, Hunt JL. (2011b). Kras gene mutation in colorectal cancer is correlated with increased proliferation and spontaneous apoptosis. Am J Clin Pathol 135: 245-52.
    • (2011) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.135 , pp. 245-252
    • Liu, X.1    Jakubowski, M.2    Hunt, J.L.3
  • 90
    • 30344462393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active and passive smoking and lifestyle determinants of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine levels in human leukocyte DNA
    • DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0906
    • Lodovici M, Caldini S, Luceri C, et al. (2005). Active and passive smoking and lifestyle determinants of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-20-deoxyguanosine levels in human leukocyte DNA. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14: 2975-7. (Pubitemid 43068833)
    • (2005) Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 2975-2977
    • Lodovici, M.1    Caldini, S.2    Luceri, C.3    Bambi, F.4    Boddi, V.5    Dolara, P.6
  • 91
    • 0031740818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Markers of oxidative damage to DNA: Antioxidants and molecular damage
    • Loft S, Poulsen HE. (1999). Markers of oxidative damage to DNA: antioxidants and molecular damage. Methods Enzymol 300: 166-84.
    • (1999) Methods Enzymol , vol.300 , pp. 166-184
    • Loft, S.1    Poulsen, H.E.2
  • 92
    • 84655162061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine excretion and risk of lung cancer in a prospective study
    • Loft S, Svoboda P, Kawai K, et al. (2012). Association between 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine excretion and risk of lung cancer in a prospective study. Free Radic Biol Med 1;52: 167-72.
    • (2012) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.1 , Issue.52 , pp. 167-172
    • Loft, S.1    Svoboda, P.2    Kawai, K.3
  • 93
    • 0027074364 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion in humans: Influence of smoking, gender and body mass index
    • Loft S, Vistisen K, Ewertz M, et al. (1992). Oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion in humans: influence of smoking, gender and body mass index. Carcinogenesis 13: 2241-7. (Pubitemid 23022963)
    • (1992) Carcinogenesis , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 2241-2247
    • Loft, S.1    Vistisen, K.2    Ewertz, M.3    Tjonneland, A.4    Overvad, K.5    Poulsen, H.E.6
  • 94
    • 63849215165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm in smokers, former smokers and neversmokers
    • Lowe FJ, Gregg EO, McEwan M. (2009). Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm in smokers, former smokers and neversmokers. Clin Chem Lab Med 47: 311-20.
    • (2009) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.47 , pp. 311-320
    • Lowe, F.J.1    Gregg, E.O.2    McEwan, M.3
  • 95
    • 38849185183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbate and dehydroascorbic acid as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress: Analytical reproducibility and long-term stability of plasma samples subjected to acidic deproteinization
    • DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0639
    • Lykkesfeldt J. (2007a). Ascorbate and dehydroascorbic acid as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress: analytical reproducibility and longterm stability of plasma samples subjected to acidic deproteinization. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16: 2513-16. (Pubitemid 351196391)
    • (2007) Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention , vol.16 , Issue.11 , pp. 2513-2516
    • Lykkesfeldt, J.1
  • 96
    • 33947615665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malondialdehyde as biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cca.2007.01.028, PII S0009898107000587
    • Lykkesfeldt J. (2007b). Malondialdehyde as biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking. Clin Chim Acta 380: 50-8. (Pubitemid 46498044)
    • (2007) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.380 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 50-58
    • Lykkesfeldt, J.1
  • 98
    • 0344443215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbic acid recycling in human erythrocytes is induced by smoking in vivo
    • DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.08.006
    • Lykkesfeldt J, Viscovich M, Poulsen HE. (2003). Ascorbic acid recycling in human erythrocytes is induced by smoking in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 35: 1439-47. (Pubitemid 37452468)
    • (2003) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.35 , Issue.11 , pp. 1439-1447
    • Lykkesfeldt, J.1    Viscovich, M.2    Poulsen, H.E.3
  • 99
    • 0033948545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary thymidine glycol as a biomarker for oxidative stress after kidney transplantation
    • DOI 10.1081/JDI-100100891
    • Makropoulos W, Kocher K, Heintz B, et al. (2000). Urinary thymidine glycol as a biomarker for oxidative stress after kidney transplantation. Ren Fail 22: 499-510. (Pubitemid 30441645)
    • (2000) Renal Failure , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 499-510
    • Makropoulos, W.1    Kocher, K.2    Heintz, B.3    Schwarz, E.R.4    Mertens, P.R.5    Stefanidis, I.6
  • 100
    • 0034011261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxyradicals and DNA damage
    • Marnett LJ. (2000). Oxyradicals and DNA damage. Carcinogenesis 21: 361-70. (Pubitemid 30137921)
    • (2000) Carcinogenesis , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 361-370
    • Marnett, L.J.1
  • 101
    • 79958754579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of a novel tobacco-substitute sheet and smoke dilution to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke
    • McAdam KG, Gregg EO, Liu C, et al. (2011). The use of a novel tobacco-substitute sheet and smoke dilution to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke. Food Chem Toxicol 49: 1684-96.
    • (2011) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.49 , pp. 1684-1696
    • McAdam, K.G.1    Gregg, E.O.2    Liu, C.3
  • 102
    • 33749044176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fourth pillar of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Harm reduction and the international human right to health
    • Meier BM, Shelley D. (2006). The fourth pillar of the framework convention on tobacco control: harm reduction and the international human right to health. Public Health Rep 121: 494-500. (Pubitemid 44520676)
    • (2006) Public Health Reports , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 494-500
    • Meier, B.M.1    Shelley, D.2
  • 103
    • 0033796855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intake of specific carotenoids and risk of lung cancer in 2 prospective US cohorts
    • Michaud DS, Feskanich D, Rimm EB, et al. (2000). Intake of specific carotenoids and risk of lung cancer in 2 prospective US cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 72: 990-7.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.72 , pp. 990-997
    • Michaud, D.S.1    Feskanich, D.2    Rimm, E.B.3
  • 104
    • 0033833221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled 8-isoprostane as an in vivo biomarker of lung oxidative stress in patients with COPD and healthy smokers
    • Montuschi P, Collins JV, Ciabattoni G, et al. (2000). Exhaled 8-isoprostane as an in vivo biomarker of lung oxidative stress in patients with COPD and healthy smokers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162: 1175-7.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.162 , pp. 1175-1177
    • Montuschi, P.1    Collins, J.V.2    Ciabattoni, G.3
  • 106
    • 0029002677 scopus 로고
    • Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (f2-isoprostanes) in smokers. Smoking as a cause of oxidative damage
    • Morrow JD, Frei B, Longmire AW, et al. (1995). Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (f2-isoprostanes) in smokers. Smoking as a cause of oxidative damage. N Engl J Med 332: 1198-203.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 1198-1203
    • Morrow, J.D.1    Frei, B.2    Longmire, A.W.3
  • 107
    • 0025058849 scopus 로고
    • Noncyclooxygenase oxidative formation of a series of novel prostaglandings: Analytical ramifications for measurement of eicosanoids
    • DOI 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90002-Q
    • Morrow JD, Harris TM, Roberts LJ. (1990a). Noncyclooxygenase oxidative formation of a series of novel prostaglandins: analytical ramifications for measurement of eicosanoids. Anal Biochem 184: 1-10. (Pubitemid 20029736)
    • (1990) Analytical Biochemistry , vol.184 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-10
    • Morrow, J.D.1    Harris, T.M.2    Roberts II, L.J.3
  • 111
    • 24944508624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte antioxidant defense response against cigarette smoking in humans - The glutathione S-transferase vulnerability
    • DOI 10.1002/jbt.20088
    • Orhan H, Evelo CTA, Sahin G. (2005). Erythrocyte antioxidant defense response against cigarette smoking in humans-the glutathione s-transferase vulnerability. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 19: 226-33. (Pubitemid 41318430)
    • (2005) Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 226-233
    • Orhan, H.1    Evelo, C.T.A.2    Sahin, G.3
  • 112
    • 20644459927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active smoking causes oxidative stress and decreases blood melatonin levels
    • DOI 10.1191/0748233705th211oa
    • Ozguner F, Koyu A, Cesur G. (2005). Active smoking causes oxidative stress and decreases blood melatonin levels. Toxicol Ind Health 21: 21-6. (Pubitemid 40835711)
    • (2005) Toxicology and Industrial Health , vol.21 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 21-26
    • Ozguner, F.1    Koyu, A.2    Cesur, G.3
  • 113
    • 80054875332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased erythrocyte antioxidant status protects against smoking induced hemolysis in moderate smokers
    • Pannuru P, Vaddi DR, Kindinti RR, Varadacharyulu N. (2011). Increased erythrocyte antioxidant status protects against smoking induced hemolysis in moderate smokers. Hum Exp Toxicol 30: 1475-81.
    • (2011) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.30 , pp. 1475-1481
    • Pannuru, P.1    Vaddi, D.R.2    Kindinti, R.R.3    Varadacharyulu, N.4
  • 114
    • 33749317535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine as a marker of oxidative DNA damage related to occupational and environmental exposures
    • DOI 10.1007/s00420-006-0106-7
    • Pilger A, Rudiger HW. (2006). 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine as a marker of oxidative DNA damage related to occupational and environmental exposures. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 80: 1-15. (Pubitemid 44489988)
    • (2006) International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-15
    • Pilger, A.1    Rudiger, H.W.2
  • 115
    • 33644596375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viable human buccal mucosa cells do not yield typical nucleoids: Impacts on the single-cell gel electrophoresis/comet assay
    • Pinhal D, Gontijo AMdMC, Reyes VAV, Salvadori DMF. (2006). Viable human buccal mucosa cells do not yield typical nucleoids: impacts on the single-cell gel electrophoresis/comet assay. Environ Mol Mutagen 47: 117-26.
    • (2006) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.47 , pp. 117-126
    • Pinhal, D.1    Gontijo, A.M.D.M.C.2    Reyes, V.A.V.3    Salvadori, D.M.F.4
  • 116
    • 0041368543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking cessation increases plasma levels of several antioxidant micronutrients and improves resistance towards oxidative challenge
    • DOI 10.1079/BJN2003890
    • Polidori MC, Mecocci P, Stahl W, Sies H. (2003). Cigarette smoking cessation increases plasma levels of several antioxidant micronutrients and improves resistance towards oxidative challenge. Br J Nutr 90: 147-50. (Pubitemid 36903412)
    • (2003) British Journal of Nutrition , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 147-150
    • Polidori, M.C.1    Mecocci, P.2    Stahl, W.3    Sies, H.4
  • 118
    • 0021876956 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of cigarette smoke toxicity: The inactivation of human α-1-proteinase inhibitor by nitric oxide/isoprene mixtures in air
    • Pryor WA, Dooley MM, Church DF. (1985). Mechanisms of cigarette smoke toxicity: the inactivation of human alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor by nitric oxide/isoprene mixtures in air. Chem Biol Interact 54: 171-83. (Pubitemid 15006069)
    • (1985) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-183
    • Pryor, W.A.1    Dooley, M.M.2    Church, D.F.3
  • 119
    • 0037102347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a specific lipid peroxidation product, is elevated in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Rahman I, van Schadewijk AA, Crowther AJ, et al. (2002). 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a specific lipid peroxidation product, is elevated in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166: 490-5.
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.166 , pp. 490-495
    • Rahman, I.1    Van Schadewijk, A.A.2    Crowther, A.J.3
  • 120
    • 0030187952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of Oxidant Stress in Vivo in Chronic Cigarette Smokers
    • Reilly M, Delanty N, Lawson JA, FitzGerald GA. (1996). Modulation of oxidant stress in vivo in chronic cigarette smokers. Circulation 94: 19-25. (Pubitemid 126426395)
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-25
    • Reilly, M.1    Delanty, N.2    Lawson, J.A.3    FitzGerald, G.A.4
  • 121
    • 0017144440 scopus 로고
    • Low-tar medium-nicotine cigarettes: A new approach to safer smoking
    • Russell MAH. (1976). Low-tar medium-nicotine cigarettes: a new approach to safer smoking. BMJ 1: 1430-3.
    • (1976) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 1430-1433
    • Russell, M.A.H.1
  • 122
    • 79953769380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of k-ras gene mutation in trail-induced apoptosis in pancreatic and lung cancer cell lines
    • Sahu RP, Batra S, Kandala PK, et al. (2011). The role of k-ras gene mutation in trail-induced apoptosis in pancreatic and lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 67: 481-7.
    • (2011) Cancer Chemother Pharmacol , vol.67 , pp. 481-487
    • Sahu, R.P.1    Batra, S.2    Kandala, P.K.3
  • 123
    • 57049083924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure to selected cigarette smoke constituents in adult smokers switched to carbon-filtered cigarettes in short-term and long-term clinical studies
    • Sarkar M, Kapur S, Frost-Pineda K, et al. (2008). Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure to selected cigarette smoke constituents in adult smokers switched to carbon-filtered cigarettes in short-term and long-term clinical studies. Nicotine Tob Res 10: 1761-72.
    • (2008) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.10 , pp. 1761-1772
    • Sarkar, M.1    Kapur, S.2    Frost-Pineda, K.3
  • 124
    • 33947218319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox molecules and cancer prevention: The importance of understanding the role of the antioxidant network
    • DOI 10.1207/s15327914nc5602-15
    • Serafini M, Villano D, Spera G, Pellegrini N. (2006). Redox molecules and cancer prevention: the importance of understanding the role of the antioxidant network. Nutr Cancer 56: 232-40. (Pubitemid 46417684)
    • (2006) Nutrition and Cancer , vol.56 , Issue.2 , pp. 232-240
    • Serafini, M.1    Villano, D.2    Spera, G.3    Pellegrini, N.4
  • 125
    • 0025981359 scopus 로고
    • Insertion of specific bases during DNA synthesis past the oxidation-damaged base 8-oxodG
    • Shibutani S, Takeshita M, Grollman AP. (1991). Insertion of specific bases during DNA synthesis past the oxidation-damaged base 8-oxodG. Nature 349: 431-4. (Pubitemid 21926107)
    • (1991) Nature , vol.349 , Issue.6308 , pp. 431-434
    • Shibutani, S.1    Takeshita, M.2    Grollman, A.P.3
  • 127
    • 33746844592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspectives on pulmonary inflammation and lung cancer risk in cigarette smokers
    • Smith CJ, Perfetti TA, King JA. (2006). Perspectives on pulmonary inflammation and lung cancer risk in cigarette smokers. Inhal Toxicol 18: 667-77.
    • (2006) Inhal Toxicol , vol.18 , pp. 667-677
    • Smith, C.J.1    Perfetti, T.A.2    King, J.A.3
  • 129
    • 58549104535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological relevance and measurement of plasma markers of oxidative stress in diabetes and cardiovascular disease
    • Stephens JW, Khanolkar MP, Bain SC. (2009). The biological relevance and measurement of plasma markers of oxidative stress in diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 202: 321-9.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.202 , pp. 321-329
    • Stephens, J.W.1    Khanolkar, M.P.2    Bain, S.C.3
  • 130
    • 84869005975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimized noninvasive procedures to measure DNA damage in comet assay
    • Szeto Y, Lee A, Benzie I, Obied H. (2012). Optimized noninvasive procedures to measure DNA damage in comet assay. Hum Exp Toxicol 31: 1144-50.
    • (2012) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.31 , pp. 1144-1150
    • Szeto, Y.1    Lee, A.2    Benzie, I.3    Obied, H.4
  • 131
    • 33646077915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking induced oxidative stress may impair endothelial function and coronary blood flow in angiographically normal coronary arteries
    • Tanriverdi H, Evrengul H, Kuru O, et al. (2006). Cigarette smoking induced oxidative stress may impair endothelial function and coronary blood flow in angiographically normal coronary arteries. Circ J 70: 593-9.
    • (2006) Circ J , vol.70 , pp. 593-599
    • Tanriverdi, H.1    Evrengul, H.2    Kuru, O.3
  • 132
    • 0343415740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of urinary thymidine glycol using affinity chromatography, HPLC and post-column reaction detection: A biomarker of oxidative DNA damage upon kidney transplantation
    • DOI 10.1007/s002040050638
    • Thier R, Brüning T, Kocher K, et al. (1999). Determination of urinary thymidine glycol using affinity chromatography, HPLC and postcolumn reaction detection: a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage upon kidney transplantation. Arch Toxicol 73: 479-84. (Pubitemid 30010250)
    • (1999) Archives of Toxicology , vol.73 , Issue.8-9 , pp. 479-484
    • Thier, R.1    Bruning, T.2    Kocher, K.3    Blaszkewicz, M.4    Makropoulos, V.5    Sundberg, A.6    Bolt, H.M.7
  • 133
    • 34047253174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of oxidative DNA damage repair by the diet, inflammation and neoplastic transformation
    • Tudek B, Swoboda M, Kowalczyk P, Olinski R. (2006). Modulation of oxidative DNA damage repair by the diet, inflammation and neoplastic transformation. J Physiol Pharmacol 57: 33-49. (Pubitemid 46548789)
    • (2006) Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 33-49
    • Tudek, B.1    Swoboda, M.2    Kowalczyk, P.3    Olinski, R.4
  • 134
    • 61449083796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoke: Involvement of reactive oxygen species and stable free radicals in mechanisms of oxidative damage, carcinogenesis and synergistic effects with other respirable particles
    • Valavanidis A, Vlachogianni T, Fiotakis K. (2009). Tobacco smoke: involvement of reactive oxygen species and stable free radicals in mechanisms of oxidative damage, carcinogenesis and synergistic effects with other respirable particles. Int J Environ Res Public Health 6: 445-62.
    • (2009) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.6 , pp. 445-462
    • Valavanidis, A.1    Vlachogianni, T.2    Fiotakis, K.3
  • 136
    • 0032967677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA from leukocytes of healthy adults: Relationship with cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, alcohol and coffee consumption
    • DOI 10.1016/S1383-5718(98)00192-2, PII S1383571898001922
    • van Zeeland AA, de Groot AJ, Hall J, Donato F. (1999). 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA from leukocytes of healthy adults: relationship with cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, alcohol and coffee consumption. Mutat Res 439: 249-57. (Pubitemid 29094817)
    • (1999) Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis , vol.439 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-257
    • Van Zeeland, A.A.1    De Groot, A.J.L.2    Hall, J.3    Donato, F.4
  • 137
    • 33745004785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: Molecular basis and practical considerations
    • DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.482570, PII 0000301720060516000014
    • Vasan RS. (2006). Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: molecular basis and practical considerations. Circulation 113: 2335-62. (Pubitemid 43947980)
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , Issue.19 , pp. 2335-2362
    • Vasan, R.S.1
  • 138
    • 27744471941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and cancer: Biomarker studies in human populations
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgi216
    • Vineis P, Husgafvel-Pursiainen K. (2005). Air pollution and cancer: biomarker studies in human populations. Carcinogenesis 26: 1846-55. (Pubitemid 41631257)
    • (2005) Carcinogenesis , vol.26 , Issue.11 , pp. 1846-1855
    • Vineis, P.1    Husgafvel-Pursiainen, K.2
  • 139
    • 79956195255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage induced by endogenous aldehydes: Current state of knowledge
    • Voulgaridou GP, Anestopoulos I, Franco R, et al. (2011). DNA damage induced by endogenous aldehydes: current state of knowledge. Mutat Res 711: 13-27.
    • (2011) Mutat Res , vol.711 , pp. 13-27
    • Voulgaridou, G.P.1    Anestopoulos, I.2    Franco, R.3
  • 140
    • 0036628726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological consequences of free radical-damaged DNA bases
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00827-4, PII S0891584902008274
    • Wallace SS. (2002). Biological consequences of free radical-damaged DNA bases. Free Radic Biol Med 33: 1-14. (Pubitemid 34681001)
    • (2002) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Wallace, S.S.1
  • 142
    • 0037305087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary carotenoids, vegetables, and lung cancer risk in women: The Missouri Women's Health Study (United States)
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1022565601937
    • Wright ME, Mayne ST, Swanson CA, et al. (2003). Dietary carotenoids, vegetables, and lung cancer risk in women: the Missouri women's health study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 14: 85-96. (Pubitemid 36403273)
    • (2003) Cancer Causes and Control , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-96
    • Wright, M.E.1    Mayne, S.T.2    Swanson, C.A.3    Sinha, R.4    Alavanja, M.C.R.5
  • 143
    • 76549257892 scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma; A study of 684 proved cases
    • Wynder EL, Graham EA. (1950). Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma; a study of 684 proved cases. J Am Med Assoc 143: 329-36.
    • (1950) J Am Med Assoc , vol.143 , pp. 329-336
    • Wynder, E.L.1    Graham, E.A.2
  • 144
    • 33749245846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of nuclear factor-κB in airway epithelial cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • DOI 10.1159/000090050
    • Yagi O, Aoshiba K, Nagai A. (2006). Activation of nuclear factor-kappab in airway epithelial cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiration 73: 610-16. (Pubitemid 44481477)
    • (2006) Respiration , vol.73 , Issue.5 , pp. 610-616
    • Yagi, O.1    Aoshiba, K.2    Nagai, A.3
  • 145
    • 0038394329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative DNA damage following exposure to dimethylarsinous iodide: The formation of cis-thymine glycol
    • DOI 10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00139-5
    • Yamanaka K, Mizoi M, Tachikawa M, et al. (2003). Oxidative DNA damage following exposure to dimethylarsinous iodide: the formation of cis-thymine glycol. Toxicol Lett 143: 145-53. (Pubitemid 36577162)
    • (2003) Toxicology Letters , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-153
    • Yamanaka, K.1    Mizoi, M.2    Tachikawa, M.3    Hasegawa, A.4    Hoshino, M.5    Okada, S.6
  • 146
    • 2442526476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of urinary oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-20- deoxyguanosine and the association with cigarette smoking
    • Yao QH, Mei SR, Weng QF, et al. (2004). Determination of urinary oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine and the association with cigarette smoking. Talanta 63: 617-23.
    • (2004) Talanta , vol.63 , pp. 617-623
    • Yao, Q.H.1    Mei, S.R.2    Weng, Q.F.3
  • 147
    • 0035020854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of total antioxidant capacity
    • DOI 10.1136/jcp.54.5.339
    • Young IS. (2001). Measurement of total antioxidant capacity. J Clin Pathol 54: 339. (Pubitemid 32458129)
    • (2001) Journal of Clinical Pathology , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 339
    • Young, I.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.