Mechanical cues in cellular signalling and communication

Cell and Tissue Research

Volumn 352, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 77-94

  Bukoreshtliev, Nickolay V ^a   Haase, Kristina ^a   Pelling, Andrew E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cells; Force; Mechanics; Mechanosensitivity; Mechanotransduction; Microenvironment

Indexed keywords

CALNEXIN; ELASTIN; F ACTIN; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; INTEGRIN; PDZ PROTEIN;

CELL COMMUNICATION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FATE; CELL INTERACTION; CELL NUCLEUS; CYTOARCHITECTURE; CYTOSKELETON; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; EUKARYOTIC FLAGELLUM; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; INTERSTITIAL FLUID; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; MECHANOSENSATION; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION; MICROENVIRONMENT; NEUROTRANSMISSION; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN MOTIF; REVIEW; SENSATION; SHEAR STRESS; SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBER;

ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA; CELL COMMUNICATION; CELL NUCLEUS; CILIA; CYTOSKELETON; EXTRACELLULAR FLUID; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; FOCAL ADHESIONS; HUMANS; INTEGRINS; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION, CELLULAR;

EID: 84875235433     PISSN: 0302766X     EISSN: 14320878     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1531-4     Document Type: Review

References (142)

1. Archambault JM, Elfervig-Wall MK, Tsuzaki M, Herzog W, Banes AJ (2002) Rabbit tendon cells produce MMP-3 in response to fluid flow without significant calcium transients. J Biomech 35:303-309
2. Baker BM, Chen CS (2012) Deconstructing the third dimension; how 3D culture microenvironments alter cellular cues. J Cell Sci 125:3015-3024
3. Barczyk M, Carracedo S, Gullberg D (2010) Integrins. Cell Tissue Res 339:269-280
4. Beningo KA, Wang YL (2002) Flexible substrata for the detection of cellular traction forces. Trends Cell Biol 12:79-84
5. Berk BC, Fujiwara K, Lehoux S (2007) ECM remodeling in hypertensive heart disease. J Clin Invest 117:568-575
6. Bershadsky A, Kozlov M, Geiger B (2006) Adhesion-mediated mechanosensitivity: a time to experiment, and a time to theorize. Curr Opin Cell Biol 18:472-481
7. Besschetnova TY, Kolpakova-Hart E, Guan Y, Zhou J, Olsen BR, Shah JV (2010) Identification of signaling pathways regulating primary cilium length and flow-mediated adaptation. Curr Biol 20:182-187
8. Bhattacharya R, Gonzalez AM, Debiase PJ, Trejo HE, Goldman RD, Flitney FW, Jones JC (2009) Recruitment of vimentin to the cell surface by beta3 integrin and plectin mediates adhesion strength. J Cell Sci 122:1390-1400
9. Boucher PA, Joos B, Morris CE (2012) Coupled left-shift of Nav channels: modeling the Na(+)-loading and dysfunctional excitability of damaged axons. J Comput Neurosci 33:301-319
10. Brown AE, Discher DE (2009) Conformational changes and signaling in cell and matrix physics. Curr Biol 19:R781-R789
11. Buschmann I, Pries A, Styp-Rekowska B, Hillmeister P, Loufrani L, Henrion D, Shi Y, Duelsner A, Hoefer I, Gatzke N, Wang H, Lehmann K, Ulm L, Ritter Z, Hauff P, Hlushchuk R, Djonov V, van Veen T, le Noble F (2010) Pulsatile shear and Gja5 modulate arterial identity and remodeling events during flow-driven arteriogenesis. Development 137:2187-2196
12. Butcher DT, Alliston T, Weaver VM (2009) A tense situation: forcing tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer 9:108-122
13. Buxboim A, Ivanovska IL, Discher DE (2010) Matrix elasticity, cytoskeletal forces and physics of the nucleus: how deeply do cells "feel" outside and in? J Cell Sci 123:297-308
14. Carmignac V, Durbeej M (2012) Cell-matrix interactions in muscle disease. J Pathol 226:200-218
15. Charras GT, Horton MA (2002) Single cell mechanotransduction and its modulation analyzed by atomic force microscope indentation. Biophys J 82:2970-2981
16. Choudhury N, Bouchot O, Rouleau L, Tremblay D, Cartier R, Butany J, Mongrain R, Leask RL (2009) Local mechanical and structural properties of healthy and diseased human ascending aorta tissue. Cardiovasc Pathol 18:83-91
17. Ciapetti G, Granchi D, Baldini N (2012) The combined use of mesenchymal stromal cells and scaffolds for bone repair. Curr Pharm Des 18:1796-1820
18. Ciobanasu C, Faivre B, Le Clainche C (2012) Actin dynamics associated with focal adhesions. Int J Cell Biol 2012:941292
19. Cowin SC (1998) On mechanosensation in bone under microgravity. Bone 22:119S-125S
20. Cox TR, Erler JT (2011) Remodeling and homeostasis of the extracellular matrix: implications for fibrotic diseases and cancer. Dis Model Mech 4:165-178
21. Crisp M, Liu Q, Roux K, Rattner JB, Shanahan C, Burke B, Stahl PD, Hodzic D (2006) Coupling of the nucleus and cytoplasm: role of the LINC complex. J Cell Biol 172:41-53
22. Dahl KN, Ribeiro AJ, Lammerding J (2008) Nuclear shape, mechanics, and mechanotransduction. Circ Res 102:1307-1318
23. Dechat T, Pfleghaar K, Sengupta K, Shimi T, Shumaker DK, Solimando L, Goldman RD (2008) Nuclear lamins: major factors in the structural organization and function of the nucleus and chromatin. Genes Dev 22:832-853
24. Dufrene YF (2002) Atomic force microscopy, a powerful tool in microbiology. J Bacteriol 184:5205-5213
25. Dufrene YF (2008) Towards nanomicrobiology using atomic force microscopy. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:674-680
26. Dupont S, Morsut L, Aragona M, Enzo E, Giulitti S, Cordenonsi M, Zanconato F, Le Digabel J, Forcato M, Bicciato S, Elvassore N, Piccolo S (2011) Role of YAP/TAZ in mechanotransduction. Nature 474:179-183
27. Dupres V, Alsteens D, Andre G, Dufrene YF (2010) Microbial nanoscopy: a closer look at microbial cell surfaces. Trends Microbiol 18:397-405
28. Engler AJ, Griffin MA, Sen S, Bonnemann CG, Sweeney HL, Discher DE (2004) Myotubes differentiate optimally on substrates with tissue-like stiffness: pathological implications for soft or stiff microenvironments. J Cell Biol 166:877-887
29. Engler AJ, Sen S, Sweeney HL, Discher DE (2006) Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification. Cell 126:677-689
30. Eyckmans J, Boudou T, Yu X, Chen CS (2011) A hitchhiker's guide to mechanobiology. Dev Cell 21:35-47
31. Farge E (2011) Mechanotransduction in development. Curr Top Dev Biol 95:243-265
32. Farsad K, De Camilli P (2003) Mechanisms of membrane deformation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:372-381
33. Fletcher DA, Mullins RD (2010) Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton. Nature 463:485-492
34. Fliegauf M, Benzing T, Omran H (2007) When cilia go bad: cilia defects and ciliopathies. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:880-893
35. Formigli L, Meacci E, Sassoli C, Chellini F, Giannini R, Quercioli F, Tiribilli B, Squecco R, Bruni P, Francini F, Zecchi-Orlandini S (2005) Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces cytoskeletal reorganization in C2C12 myoblasts: physiological relevance for stress fibres in the modulation of ion current through stretch-activated channels. J Cell Sci 118:1161-1171
36. Franke WW (2009) Discovering the molecular components of intercellular junctions - a historical view. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 1:a003061
37. Fudge DS, Gardner KH, Forsyth VT, Riekel C, Gosline JM (2003) The mechanical properties of hydrated intermediate filaments: insights from hagfish slime threads. Biophys J 85:2015-2027
38. Geiger B, Spatz JP, Bershadsky AD (2009) Environmental sensing through focal adhesions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:21-33
39. Ghajar CM, Bissell MJ (2008) Extracellular matrix control of mammary gland morphogenesis and tumorigenesis: insights from imaging. Histochem Cell Biol 130:1105-1118
40. Gilula NB, Satir P (1972) The ciliary necklace. A ciliary membrane specialization. J Cell Biol 53:494-509
41. 2+ flux in fibroblasts. Am J Physiol 269:C1093-C1104
42. Green KJ, Getsios S, Troyanovsky S, Godsel LM (2010) Intercellular junction assembly, dynamics, and homeostasis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2:a000125
43. Grierson JP, Meldolesi J (1995) Shear stress-induced [Ca2+]i transients and oscillations in mouse fibroblasts are mediated by endogenously released ATP. J Biol Chem 270:4451-4456
44. Guolla L, Bertrand M, Haase K, Pelling AE (2012) Force transduction and strain dynamics in actin stress fibres in response to nanonewton forces. J Cell Sci 125:603-613
45. Guvendiren M, Burdick JA (2012) Stiffening hydrogels to probe short- and long-term cellular responses to dynamic mechanics. Nat Commun 3:792
46. Hamill OP (2006) Twenty odd years of stretch-sensitive channels. Pflugers Arch 453:333-351
47. Haswell ES, Phillips R, Rees DC (2011) Mechanosensitive channels: what can they do and how do they do it? Structure 19:1356-1369
48. Hierck BP, Van der Heiden K, Alkemade FE, Van de Pas S, Van Thienen JV, Groenendijk BC, Bax WH, Van der Laarse A, Deruiter MC, Horrevoets AJ, Poelmann RE (2008)Primary cilia sensitize endothelial cells for fluid shear stress.Dev Dyn 237:725-735
49. Hinz B (2010) The myofibroblast: paradigm for a mechanically active cell. J Biomech 43:146-155
50. Hoey DA, Kelly DJ, Jacobs CR (2011) A role for the primary cilium in paracrine signaling between mechanically stimulated osteocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 412:182-187
51. Hoey DA, Downs ME, Jacobs CR (2012) The mechanics of the primary cilium: an intricate structure with complex function. J Biomech 45:17-26
52. Hoffman BD, Grashoff C, Schwartz MA (2011) Dynamic molecular processes mediate cellular mechanotransduction. Nature 475:316-323
53. Hung CT, Allen FD, Pollack SR, Attia ET, Hannafin JA, Torzilli PA (1997) Intracellular calcium response of ACL and MCL ligament fibroblasts to fluid-induced shear stress. Cell Signal 9:587-594
54. Hynes RO (2009) The extracellular matrix: not just pretty fibrils. Science 326:1216-1219
55. Jaalouk DE, Lammerding J (2009) Mechanotransduction gone awry. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:63-73
56. Janmey PA, Miller RT (2011) Mechanisms of mechanical signaling in development and disease. J Cell Sci 124:9-18
57. Jensen CG, Poole CA, McGlashan SR, Marko M, Issa ZI, Vujcich KV, Bowser SS (2004) Ultrastructural, tomographic and confocal imaging of the chondrocyte primary cilium in situ. Cell Biol Int 28:101-110
58. Johnson WA (2011) Mechanobiology of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Springer, New York
59. Kass L, Erler JT, Dembo M, Weaver VM (2007) Mammary epithelial cell: influence of extracellular matrix composition and organization during development and tumorigenesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39:1987-1994
60. Kaverina I, Krylyshkina O, Beningo K, Anderson K, Wang YL, Small JV (2002) Tensile stress stimulates microtubule outgrowth in living cells. J Cell Sci 115:2283-2291
61. Kiehart DP, Galbraith CG, Edwards KA, Rickoll WL, Montague RA (2000) Multiple forces contribute to cell sheet morphogenesis for dorsal closure in Drosophila. J Cell Biol 149:471-490
62. Kim S, Wong P, Coulombe PA (2006) A keratin cytoskeletal protein regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth. Nature 441:362-365
63. Kim DH, Wong PK, Park J, Levchenko A, Sun Y (2009) Microengineered platforms for cell mechanobiology. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 11:203-233
64. Kirmse R, Otto H, Ludwig T (2011) Interdependency of cell adhesion, force generation and extracellular proteolysis in matrix remodeling. J Cell Sci 124:1857-1866
65. Krepkiy D, Mihailescu M, Freites JA, Schow EV, Worcester DL, Gawrisch K, Tobias DJ, White SH, Swartz KJ (2009) Structure and hydration of membranes embedded with voltage-sensing domains. Nature 462:473-479
66. Kreplak L, Herrmann H, Aebi U (2008) Tensile properties of single desmin intermediate filaments. Biophys J 94:2790-2799
67. Kunda P, Pelling AE, Liu T, Baum B (2008) Moesin controls cortical rigidity, cell rounding, and spindle morphogenesis during mitosis. Curr Biol 18:91-101
68. Kuo JC, Han X, Hsiao CT, Yates JR 3rd, Waterman CM (2011) Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for beta-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation. Nat Cell Biol 13:383-393
69. Kurth F, Eyer K, Franco-Obregon A, Dittrich PS (2012) A new mechanobiological era: microfluidic pathways to apply and sense forces at the cellular level. Curr Opin Chem Biol 16:400-408
70. Levayer R, Lecuit T (2012) Biomechanical regulation of contractility: spatial control and dynamics. Trends Cell Biol 22:61-81
71. + channel. Science 309:897-903
72. Mammoto A, Mammoto T, Ingber DE (2012) Mechanosensitive mechanisms in transcriptional regulation. J Cell Sci 125:3061-3073
73. Matthews BD, Thodeti CK, Tytell JD, Mammoto A, Overby DR, Ingber DE (2010) Ultra-rapid activation of TRPV4 ion channels by mechanical forces applied to cell surface beta1 integrins. Integr Biol (Camb) 2:435-442
74. Mazumder A, Shivashankar GV (2010) Emergence of a prestressed eukaryotic nucleus during cellular differentiation and development. J R Soc Interface 7 (Suppl 3):S321-S330
75. McCullen SD, Haslauer CM, Loboa EG (2010) Musculoskeletal mechanobiology: interpretation by external force and engineered substratum. J Biomech 43:119-127
76. Mejillano MR, Kojima S, Applewhite DA, Gertler FB, Svitkina TM, Borisy GG (2004) Lamellipodial versus filopodial mode of the actin nanomachinery: pivotal role of the filament barbed end. Cell 118:363-373
77. Meyer CJ, Alenghat FJ, Rim P, Fong JH, Fabry B, Ingber DE (2000) Mechanical control of cyclic AMP signalling and gene transcription through integrins. Nat Cell Biol 2:666-668
78. Mitrossilis D, Fouchard J, Pereira D, Postic F, Richert A, Saint-Jean M, Asnacios A (2010) Real-time single-cell response to stiffness. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:16518-16523
79. Mizutani T, Haga H, Kawabata K (2004) Cellular stiffness response to external deformation: tensional homeostasis in a single fibroblast. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 59:242-248
80. Monnerie H, Tang-Schomer MD, Iwata A, Smith DH, Kim HA, Le Roux PD (2010) Dendritic alterations after dynamic axonal stretch injury in vitro. Exp Neurol 224:415-423
81. Muller DJ, Dufrene YF (2011) Force nanoscopy of living cells. Curr Biol 21:R212-R216
82. Myers KA, Applegate KT, Danuser G, Fischer RS, Waterman CM (2011) Distinct ECM mechanosensing pathways regulate microtubule dynamics to control endothelial cell branching morphogenesis. J Cell Biol 192:321-334
83. Na S, Collin O, Chowdhury F, Tay B, Ouyang M, Wang Y, Wang N (2008) Rapid signal transduction in living cells is a unique feature of mechanotransduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:6626-6631
84. Ng CP, Hinz B, Swartz MA (2005) Interstitial fluid flow induces myofibroblast differentiation and collagen alignment in vitro. J Cell Sci 118:4731-4739
85. Nilius B, Owsianik G, Voets T, Peters JA (2007) Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease. Physiol Rev 87:165-217
86. Oldham WM, Hamm HE (2008) Heterotrimeric G protein activation by G-protein-coupled receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:60-71
87. Pajerowski JD, Dahl KN, Zhong FL, Sammak PJ, Discher DE (2007) Physical plasticity of the nucleus in stem cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:15619-15624
88. Paszek MJ, Zahir N, Johnson KR, Lakins JN, Rozenberg GI, Gefen A, Reinhart-King CA, Margulies SS, Dembo M, Boettiger D, Hammer DA, Weaver VM (2005) Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype. Cancer Cell 8:241-254
89. Pedersen JA, Boschetti F, Swartz MA (2007) Effects of extracellular fiber architecture on cell membrane shear stress in a 3D fibrous matrix. J Biomech 40:1484-1492
90. Pelling AE, Horton MA (2008) An historical perspective on cell mechanics. Pflugers Arch 456:3-12
91. Pelling AE, Veraitch FS, Chu CP, Mason C, Horton MA (2009) Mechanical dynamics of single cells during early apoptosis. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 66:409-422
92. Petrie RJ, Gavara N, Chadwick RS, Yamada KM (2012) Nonpolarized signaling reveals two distinct modes of 3D cell migration. J Cell Biol 197:439-455
93. Praetorius HA, Spring KR (2003) Removal of the MDCK cell primary cilium abolishes flow sensing. J Membr Biol 191:69-76
94. Puliafito A, Hufnagel L, Neveu P, Streichan S, Sigal A, Fygenson DK, Shraiman BI (2012) Collective and single cell behavior in epithelial contact inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:739-744
95. Rapraeger AC, Krufka A, Olwin BB (1991) Requirement of heparan sulfate for bFGF-mediated fibroblast growth and myoblast differentiation. Science 252:1705-1708
96. Rho JY, Kuhn-Spearing L, Zioupos P (1998) Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone. Med Eng Phys 20:92-102
97. Rodriguez JP, Gonzalez M, Rios S, Cambiazo V (2004) Cytoskeletal organization of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) changes during their osteogenic differentiation. J Cell Biochem 93:721-731
98. Rohatgi R, Snell WJ (2010)The ciliary membrane.Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:541-546
99. Rouleau L, Tremblay D, Cartier R, Mongrain R, Leask RL (2012) Regional variations in canine descending aortic tissue mechanical properties change with formalin fixation. Cardiovasc Pathol 21:390-397
100. Ruegg C, Veigel C, Molloy JE, Schmitz S, Sparrow JC, Fink RH (2002) Molecular motors: force and movement generated by single myosin II molecules. News Physiol Sci 17:213-218
101. Sachs F, Morris CE (1998) Mechanosensitive ion channels in nonspecialized cells. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 132:1-77
102. Schultz GS, Wysocki A (2009) Interactions between extracellular matrix and growth factors in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 17:153-162
103. Schwarz US, Gardel ML (2012) United we stand: integrating the actin cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions in cellular mechanotransduction. J Cell Sci 125:3051-3060
104. Seko Y, Seko Y, Takahashi N, Shibuya M, Yazaki Y (1999a) Pulsatile stretch stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by cultured rat cardiac myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 254:462-465
105. Seko Y, Takahashi N, Tobe K, Kadowaki T, Yazaki Y (1999b) Pulsatile stretch activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members and focal adhesion kinase (p125[FAK]) in cultured rat cardiac myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 259:8-14
106. Serra-Picamal X, Conte V, Vincent R, Anon E, Tambe DT, Bazellieres E, Butler JP, Fredberg JJ, Trepat X (2012) Mechanical waves during tissue expansion. Nat Phys 8:628-634
107. Shi ZD, Tarbell JM (2011) Fluid flow mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Ann Biomed Eng 39:1608-1619
108. Shivashankar GV (2011) Mechanosignaling to the cell nucleus and gene regulation. Annu Rev Biophys 40:361-378
109. Shraiman BI (2005) Mechanical feedback as a possible regulator of tissue growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:3318-3323
110. Simske JS, Hardin J (2001) Getting into shape: epidermal morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Bioessays 23:12-23
111. Solon J, Kaya-Copur A, Colombelli J, Brunner D (2009) Pulsed forces timed by a ratchet-like mechanism drive directed tissue movement during dorsal closure. Cell 137:1331-1342
112. Stewart MP, Helenius J, Toyoda Y, Ramanathan SP, Muller DJ, Hyman AA (2011) Hydrostatic pressure and the actomyosin cortex drive mitotic cell rounding. Nature 469:226-230
113. Storch U, Mederos y Schnitzler M, Gudermann T (2012) G protein-mediated stretch reception. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302:H1241-H1249
114. Sukharev S, Sachs F (2012) Molecular force transduction by ion channels: diversity and unifying principles. J Cell Sci 125:3075-3083
115. Suki B, Bates JH (2008) Extracellular matrix mechanics in lung parenchymal diseases. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 163:33-43
116. Swartz MA, Fleury ME (2007) Interstitial flow and its effects in soft tissues. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 9:229-256
117. Swartz MA, Berk DA, Jain RK (1996) Transport in lymphatic capillaries. I. Macroscopic measurements using residence time distribution theory. Am J Physiol 270:H324-H329
118. Ting LH, Jahn JR, Jung JI, Shuman BR, Feghhi S, Han SJ, Rodriguez ML, Sniadecki NJ (2012) Flow mechanotransduction regulates traction forces, intercellular forces, and adherens junctions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302:H2220-H2229
119. Tojkander S, Gateva G, Lappalainen P (2012) Actin stress fibers - assembly, dynamics and biological roles. J Cell Sci 125:1855-1864
120. Toyama Y, Peralta XG, Wells AR, Kiehart DP, Edwards GS (2008) Apoptotic force and tissue dynamics during Drosophila embryogenesis. Science 321:1683-1686
121. Tremblay D, Cartier R, Mongrain R, Leask RL (2010) Regional dependency of the vascular smooth muscle cell contribution to the mechanical properties of the pig ascending aortic tissue. J Biomech 43:2448-2451
122. Trepat X, Wasserman MR, Angelini TE, Millet E, Weitz DA, Butler JP, Fredberg JJ (2009) Physical forces during collective cell migration. Nat Phys 5:426-430
123. Trichet L, Le Digabel J, Hawkins RJ, Vedula SR, Gupta M, Ribrault C, Hersen P, Voituriez R, Ladoux B (2012) Evidence of a large-scale mechanosensing mechanism for cellular adaptation to substrate stiffness. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:6933-6938
124. Vogel V, Sheetz M (2006) Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:265-275
125. Wang YL (2009) Traction forces and rigidity sensing of adherent cells. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009:3339-3340
126. Wang J, Pelling AE (2012) An approach to visualize the deformation of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton in response to locally applied forces. ISRN Cell Biol 2012:9
127. Wang J, Su M, Fan J, Seth A, McCulloch CA (2002) Transcriptional regulation of a contractile gene by mechanical forces applied through integrins in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 277:22889-22895
128. Wang JH, Thampatty BP, Lin JS, Im HJ (2007) Mechanoregulation of gene expression in fibroblasts. Gene 391:1-15
129. Wang X, Veruki ML, Bukoreshtliev NV, Hartveit E, Gerdes HH (2010) Animal cells connected by nanotubes can be electrically coupled through interposed gap-junction channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:17194-17199
130. Weber GF, Bjerke MA, DeSimone DW (2012) A mechanoresponsive cadherin-keratin complex directs polarized protrusive behavior and collective cell migration. Dev Cell 22:104-115
131. Whittard JD, Akiyama SK (2001) Positive regulation of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion by protein kinase A. J Cell Sci 114:3265-3272
132. Wiig H, Swartz MA (2012) Interstitial fluid and lymph formation and transport: physiological regulation and roles in inflammation and cancer. Physiol Rev 92:1005-1060
133. Yasuda T, Akai Y, Kondo S, Becker BN, Homma T, Owada S, Ishida M, Harris RC (1996a) Alteration of cellular function in rat mesangial cells in response to mechanical stretch relaxation. Contrib Nephrol 118:222-228
134. Yasuda T, Kondo S, Homma T, Harris RC (1996b) Regulation of extracellular matrix by mechanical stress in rat glomerular mesangial cells. J Clin Invest 98:1991-2000
135. Young JL, Engler AJ (2011) Hydrogels with time-dependent material properties enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation in vitro. Biomaterials 32:1002-1009
136. Zemel A, Rehfeldt F, Brown AE, Discher DE, Safran SA (2010) Optimal matrix rigidity for stress fiber polarization in stem cells. Nat Phys 6:468-473
137. Zhang MZ, Mai W, Li C, Cho SY, Hao C, Moeckel G, Zhao R, Kim I, Wang J, Xiong H, Wang H, Sato Y, Wu Y, Nakanuma Y, Lilova M, Pei Y, Harris RC, Li S, Coffey RJ, Sun L, Wu D, Chen XZ, Breyer MD, Zhao ZJ, McKanna JA, Wu G (2004) PKHD1 protein encoded by the gene for autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease associates with basal bodies and primary cilia in renal epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:2311-2316
138. Zhuang J, Yamada KA, Saffitz JE, Kleber AG (2000) Pulsatile stretch remodels cell-to-cell communication in cultured myocytes. Circ Res 87:316-322
139. Zieman SJ, Melenovsky V, Kass DA (2005) Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapy of arterial stiffness. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:932-943
140. Zink D, Fischer AH, Nickerson JA (2004) Nuclear structure in cancer cells. Nat Rev Cancer 4:677-687
141. Zou Y, Akazawa H, Qin Y, Sano M, Takano H, Minamino T, Makita N, Iwanaga K, Zhu W, Kudoh S, Toko H, Tamura K, Kihara M, Nagai T, Fukamizu A, Umemura S, Iiri T, Fujita T, Komuro I (2004) Mechanical stress activates angiotensin II type 1 receptor without the involvement of angiotensin II. Nat Cell Biol 6:499-506
142. Zwerger M, Ho CY, Lammerding J (2011) Nuclear mechanics in disease. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 13:397-428