Atorvastatin and pitavastatin reduce oxidative stress and improve IR/LDL-R signals in alzheimer's disease

Neurological Research

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 193-205

  Kurata, Tomoko ^a   Miyazaki, Kazunori ^a   Morimoto, Nobutoshi ^a   Kawai, Hiromi ^a   Ohta, Yasuyuki ^a   Ikeda, Yoshio ^a   Abe, Koji ^a  

^a OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Atorvastatin; Insulin receptor; LDL receptor; Pitavastatin

Indexed keywords

4 HYDROXYNONENAL; ADIPONECTIN; ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCT; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; ATORVASTATIN; INSULIN RECEPTOR; LEPTIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; PITAVASTATIN; STATIN (PROTEIN); HEPTANOIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; QUINOLINE DERIVATIVE;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDOTHELIUM; FEMALE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; METABOLIC DISORDER; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SENILE PLAQUE; TRANSGENIC MOUSE; WESTERN BLOTTING; ANIMAL; BLOOD; BRAIN CORTEX; DRUG EFFECTS; GENETICS; METABOLISM; NERVE CELL; PLAQUE, AMYLOID; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ADIPONECTIN; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN PRECURSOR; ANIMALS; CEREBRAL CORTEX; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; FEMALE; GLYCOSYLATION END PRODUCTS, ADVANCED; HEPTANOIC ACIDS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; LEPTIN; MICE; NEURONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PLAQUE, AMYLOID; PYRROLES; QUINOLINES; RECEPTOR, INSULIN; RECEPTORS, LDL;

EID: 84874615066     PISSN: 01616412     EISSN: 17431328     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/1743132812Y.0000000127     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Haan MN. Therapy Insight: type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006;2:159-166.
2. Nunomura A, Perry G, Aliev G, Hirai K, Takeda A, Balraj EK, et al. Oxidative damage is the earliest event in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2001;60:759-767.
3. Pratico D, Uryu K, Leight S, Trojanoswki JQ, Lee VM. Increased lipid peroxidation precedes amyloid plaque forma- tion in an animal model of Alzheimer amyloidosis. J Neurosci. 2001;21:4183-4187.
4. Fassbender K, Simons M, Bergmann C, Stroick M, Lutjohann D, Keller P, et al. Simvastatin strongly reduces levels of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid peptides Abeta 42 and Abeta 40 in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98:5856-5861.
5. George AJ, Holsinger RM, McLean CA, Laughton KM, Beyreuther K, Evin G, et al. APP intracellular domain is increased and soluble Abeta is reduced with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2004;16:124-132.
6. Osborne AR, Pollock VV, Lagor WR, Ness GC. Identification of insulin-responsive regions in the HMG-CoA reductase promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;318:814-818.
7. Refolo LM, Pappolla MA, LaFrancois J, Malester B, Schmidt SD, Thomas-Bryant T, et al. A cholesterol-lowering drug reduces beta-amyloid pathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2001;8:890-899.
8. Sparks DL, Scheff SW, Hunsaker JC, 3rd, Liu H, Landers T, Gross DR. Induction of Alzheimer-like beta-amyloid immu- noreactivity in the brains of rabbits with dietary cholesterol. Exp Neurol. 1994;126:88-94.
9. Wolozin B. A fluid connection: cholesterol and Abeta. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98:5371-5373.
10. Apelt J, Bigl M, Wunderlich P, Schliebs R. Aging-related increase in oxidative stress correlates with developmental pattern of beta-secretase activity and beta-amyloid plaque formation in transgenic Tg2576 mice with Alzheimer-like pathology. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2004;22:475-484.
11. Resende R, Moreira PI, Proenca T, Deshpande A, Busciglio J, Pereira C, et al. Brain oxidative stress in a triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008;44:2051-2057.
12. Cao D, Fukuchi K, Wan H, Kim H, Li L. Lack of LDL receptor aggravates learning deficits and amyloid deposits in Alzheimer transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging. 2006;27:1632-1643.
13. Burns MP, Noble WJ, Olm V, Gaynor K, Casey E, LaFrancois J, et al. Co-localization of cholesterol, apolipoprotein E and fibrillar Abeta in amyloid plaques. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2003;110:119-125.
14. Jiang Q, Lee CY, Mandrekar S, Wilkinson B, Cramer P, Zelcer N, et al. ApoE promotes the proteolytic degradation of Abeta. Neuron. 2008;58:681-693.
15. Koistinaho M, Lin S, Wu X, Esterman M, Koger D, Hanson J, et al. Apolipoprotein E promotes astrocyte colocalization and degradation of deposited amyloid-beta peptides. Nat Med. 2004;10:719-726.
16. Feng Z, Hu W, Tang MS. Trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal inhibits nucleotide excision repair in human cells: a possible mechanism for lipid peroxidation-induced carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:8598-8602.
17. Tamagno E, Robino G, Obbili A, Bardini P, Aragno M, Parola M, et al. H2O2 and 4-hydroxynonenal mediate amyloid beta- induced neuronal apoptosis by activating JNKs and p38MAPK. Exp Neurol. 2003;180:144-155.
18. Uchida K. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal: a product and mediator of oxidative stress. Prog Lipid Res. 2003;42:318-343.
19. Biessels GJ, van der Heide LP, Kamal A, Bleys RL, Gispen WH. Ageing and diabetes: implications for brain function. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002;441:1-14.
20. Ledesma MD, Bonay P, Colaco C, Avila J. Analysis of microtubule-associated protein tau glycation in paired helical filaments. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:21614-21619.
21. Nelson TJ, Alkon DL. Insulin and cholesterol pathways in neuronal function, memory and neurodegeneration. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005;33:1033-1036.
22. Reddy VP, Zhu X, Perry G, Smith MA. Oxidative stress in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;16:763-774.
23. Zhao WQ, Townsend M. Insulin resistance and amyloidogen- esis as common molecular foundation for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009;1792:482-496.
24. Cole AR, Astell A, Green C, Sutherland C. Molecular connexions between dementia and diabetes. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2007;31(7):1046-1063.
25. Phiel CJ, Wilson CA, Lee VM, Klein PS. GSK-3alpha regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta peptides. Nature. 2003;423:435-439.
26. Takashima A. GSK-3 is essential in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;9:309-317.
27. Simonen PP, Gylling HK, Miettinen TA. Diabetes contributes to cholesterol metabolism regardless of obesity. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1511-1515.
28. Yaffe K. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive disorders: is the sum greater than its parts? Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2007;21:167-171.
29. Schwartz MW, Woods SC, Porte D Jr, Seeley RJ, Baskin DG. Central nervous system control of food intake. Nature. 2000;404:661-671.
30. Hotta K, Funahashi T, Arita Y, Takahashi M, Matsuda M, Okamoto Y, et al. Plasma concentrations of a novel, adipose- specific protein, adiponectin, in type 2 diabetic patients. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:1595-1599.
31. Hu E, Liang P, Spiegelman BM. AdipoQ is a novel adipose- specific gene dysregulated in obesity. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:10697-10703.
32. Weyer C, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, Hotta K, Matsuzawa Y, Pratley RE, et al. Hypoadiponectinemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes: close association with insulin resistance and hyper- insulinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:1930-1935.
33. Fewlass DC, Noboa K, Pi-Sunyer FX, Johnston JM, Yan SD, Tezapsidis N. Obesity-related leptin regulates Alzheimer's Abeta. FASEB J. 2004;18:1870-1878.
34. Holden KF, Lindquist K, Tylavsky FA, Rosano C, Harris TB, Yaffe K. Serum leptin level and cognition in the elderly: findings from the Health ABC Study. Neurobiol Aging. 2009;30:1483-1489.
35. Lieb W, Beiser AS, Vasan RS, Tan ZS, Au R, Harris TB, et al. Association of plasma leptin levels with incident Alzheimer disease and MRI measures of brain aging. JAMA. 2009;302:2565-2572.
36. Petanceska SS, DeRosa S, Olm V, Diaz N, Sharma A, Thomas- Bryant T, et al. Statin therapy for Alzheimer's disease: will it work? J Mol Neurosci. 2002;19:155-161.
37. Tong XK, Nicolakakis N, Fernandes P, Ongali B, Brouillette J, Quirion R, et al. Simvastatin improves cerebrovascular function and counters soluble amyloid-beta, inflammation and oxidative stress in aged APP mice. Neurobiol Dis. 2009;35:406-414.
38. Feldman HH, Doody RS, Kivipelto M, Sparks DL, Waters DD, Jones RW, et al. Randomized controlled trial of atorvastatin in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: LEADe. Neurology. 2010;74:956-964.
39. Kurata T, Miyazaki K, Kozuki M, Panin VL, Morimoto N, Ohta Y, et al. Atorvastatin and pitavastatin improve cognitive function and reduce senile plaque and phosphorylated tau in aged APP mice. Brain Res. 2011;1371:161-170.
40. Arlt S, Beisiegel U, Kontush A. Lipid peroxidation in neurodegeneration: new insights into Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002;13:289-294.
41. Lim JH, Lee JC, Lee YH, Choi IY, Oh YK, Kim HS, et al. Simvastatin prevents oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxy- genation-induced death of cortical neurons by reducing the production and toxicity of 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal. J Neurochem. 2006;97:140-150.
42. Hayashi T, Hamakawa K, Nagotani S, Jin G, Li F, Deguchi K, et al. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors reduce ischemic brain injury of Wistar rats through decreasing oxidative stress on neurons. Brain Res. 2005;1037:52-58.
43. Nagotani S, Hayashi T, Sato K, Zhang W, Deguchi K, Nagano I, et al. Reduction of cerebral infarction in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by statins associated with amelioration of oxidative stress. Stroke. 2005;36:670-672.
44. Sasaki N, Fukatsu R, Tsuzuki K, Hayashi Y, Yoshida T, Fujii N, et al. Advanced glycation end products in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Am J Pathol. 1998;153:1149-1155.
45. Jinnouchi Y, Yamagishi S, Takeuchi M, Ishida S, Jinnouchi J, Imaizumi T. Atorvastatin decreases serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Exp Med. 2006;6:191-193.
46. Yamagishi S, Nakamura K, Matsui T, Inoue H. A novel pleiotropic effect of atorvastatin on advanced glycation end product (AGE)-related disorders. Med Hypotheses. 2007;69:338-340.
47. Freude S, Schilbach K, Schubert M. The role of IGF-1 receptor and insulin receptor signaling for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: from model organisms to human disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009;6:213-223.
48. Rivera EJ, Goldin A, Fulmer N, Tavares R, Wands JR, de la Monte SM. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and function deteriorate with progression of Alzheimer's disease: link to brain reductions in acetylcholine. J Alzheimers Dis. 2005;8:247-268.
49. Gasparini L, Gouras GK, Wang R, Gross RS, Beal MF, Greengard P, et al. Stimulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein trafficking by insulin reduces intraneuronal beta- amyloid and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase signal- ing. J Neurosci. 2001;21:2561-2570.
50. Nogueira-Machado JA, Chaves MM. From hyperglycemia to AGE-RAGE interaction on the cell surface: a dangerous metabolic route for diabetic patients. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2008;12:871-882.
51. Pedersen WA, Flynn ER. Insulin resistance contributes to aberrant stress responses in the Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2004;17:500-506.
52. Pedersen WA, McMillan PJ, Kulstad JJ, Leverenz JB, Craft S, Haynatzki GR. Rosiglitazone attenuates learning and memory deficits in Tg2576 Alzheimer mice. Exp Neurol. 2006;199:265-273.
53. Qiu WQ, Folstein MF. Insulin, insulin-degrading enzyme and amyloid-beta peptide in Alzheimer's disease: review and hypothesis. Neurobiol Aging. 2006;27:190-198.
54. Small SA, Gandy S. Sorting through the cell biology of Alzheimer's disease: intracellular pathways to pathogenesis. Neuron. 2006;52:15-31.
55. Mulder M, Jansen PJ, Janssen BJ, van de Berg WD, van der Boom H, Havekes LM, et al. Low-density lipoprotein receptor- knockout mice display impaired spatial memory associated with a decreased synaptic density in the hippocampus. Neurobiol Dis. 2004;16:212-219.
56. Pavlov OV, Bobryshev Yu V, Balabanov Yu V, Ashwell K. An in vitro study of the effects of lovastatin on human fetal brain cells. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1995;17:31-39.
57. DeMattos RB, Cirrito JR, Parsadanian M, May PC, O'Dell MA, Taylor JW, et al. ApoE and clusterin cooperatively suppress Abeta levels and deposition: evidence that ApoE regulates extracellular Abeta metabolism in vivo. Neuron. 2004;41:193-202.
58. Dodart JC, Marr RA, Koistinaho M, Gregersen BM, Malkani S, Verma IM, et al. Gene delivery of human apolipoprotein E alters brain Abeta burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102:1211-1216.
59. Bi X, Yong AP, Zhou J, Ribak CE, Lynch G. Rapid induction of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles in apolipoprotein E- deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98:8832-8837.
60. Brecht WJ, Harris FM, Chang S, Tesseur I, Yu GQ, Xu Q, et al. Neuron-specific apolipoprotein e4 proteolysis is asso- ciated with increased tau phosphorylation in brains of transgenic mice. J Neurosci. 2004;24:2527-2534.
61. Genis L, Chen Y, Shohami E, Michaelson DM. Tau hyperpho- sphorylation in apolipoprotein E-deficient and control mice after closed head injury. J Neurosci Res. 2000;60:559-564.
62. Harris FM, Brecht WJ, Xu Q, Tesseur I, Kekonius L, Wyss-Coray T, et al. Carboxyl-terminal-truncated apolipoprotein E4 causes Alzheimer's disease-like neurodegeneration and beha- vioral deficits in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100:10966-10971.
63. Kamada H, Hayashi T, Sato K, Iwai M, Nagano I, Shoji M, et al. Up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor expres- sion in the ischemic core and the peri-ischemic area after transient MCA occlusion in rats. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005;134:181-188.
64. Okamoto Y, Kihara S, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Libby P. Adiponectin: a key adipocytokine in metabolic syndrome. Clin Sci (Lond). 2006;110:267-278.
65. Bodkin NL, Nicolson M, Ortmeyer HK, Hansen BC. Hyperleptinemia: relationship to adiposity and insulin resis- tance in the spontaneously obese rhesus monkey. Horm Metab Res. 1996;28:674-678.
66. Chu CH, Lee JK, Lam HC, Lu CC, Sun CC, Wang MC, et al. Atorvastatin does not affect insulin sensitivity and the adiponectin or leptin levels in hyperlipidemic Type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest. 2008;31:42-47.
67. Chu MC, Cosper P, Orio F, Carmina E, Lobo RA. Insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome and the measurements of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and ghrelin. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:100-104.
68. Ishihara Y, Ohmori K, Mizukawa M, Hasan AU, Noma T, Kohno M. Beneficial direct adipotropic actions of pitavastatin in vitro and their manifestations in obese mice. Atherosclerosis. 2010;212:131-138.
69. Krysiak R, Labuzek K, Okopien B. Effect of atorvastatin and fenofibric acid on adipokine release from visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with mixed dyslipide- mia and normolipidemic subjects. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61:1134-1145.
70. Ohashi T, Shibata R, Morimoto T, Kanashiro M, Ishii H, Ichimiya S, et al. Correlation between circulating adiponectin levels and coronary plaque regression during aggressive lipid- lowering therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome: subgroup analysis of JAPAN-ACS study. Atherosclerosis. 2010;212:237-242.