Stem cells and their role in renal ischaemia reperfusion injury

American Journal of Nephrology

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 16-29

  Bagul, Atul ^a   Frost, Jodie H ^b   Drage, Martin ^a  

^a GUY'S AND ST THOMAS' NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Acute renal injury; Ischaemia reperfusion injury; Stem cells; Transplantation

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL HOMING; CELL TRANSDIFFERENTIATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; KIDNEY ISCHEMIA; MALE; MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPERFUSION INJURY; REVIEW; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; ANIMALS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; REPERFUSION INJURY; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 84871864779     PISSN: 02508095     EISSN: 14219670     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000345731     Document Type: Review

References (122)

1. Giraud S, Favreau F, Chatauret N, Thuillier R, Maiga S, Hauet T: Contribution of large pig for renal ischemia-reperfusion and transplantation studies: the preclinical model. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011: 532127
2. Jang HR, Ko GJ, Wasowska BA, Rabb H: The interaction between ischemia-reperfusion and immune responses in the kidney. J Mol Med 2009; 87: 859-864
3. Sanchez-Fructuoso A, Marques M, Prats D, Barrientos A: Non-heart-beating donors: experience from the Hospital Clinico of Madrid. J Nephrol 2003; 16: 387-392
4. Koffman GK, Gambaro G: Renal transplantation from non heart beating donors: a review of the European experience. J Nephrol 2003; 16: 334-341
5. van der Woude FJ, Schnuelle P, Yard BA: Preconditioning strategies to limit graft immunogenicity and cold ischemic organ injury. J Investig Med 2004; 52: 323-329
6. Wolfe RA, Asby VB, Milford EL, Ojo AO, Ettenger RE, Agodoa LY, Held PJ, Port FK: Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1725-1730
7. Mollura DJ, Hare JM, Rabb H: Stem-cell therapy for renal diseases. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42: 891-905
8. Meier-Kriesche H, Kaplan B: Waiting time on dialysis as the strongest modifiable risk factor for renal transplant outcomes: a paired donor kidney analysis. Transplantation 2002; 74: 1377-1381
9. Metcalfe M, Butterworth P, White S, Saunders R, Murphy G, Taub N, Veitch PS, Nicholson ML: A case control comparison of the results of renal transplantation from heartbeating and non heart-beating donors. Transplantation 2001; 71: 1556-1559
10. Castelao AM, Grino JM, Gonzalez C, Franco E, Gilvernet S, Andres E, Serón D, Torras J, Moreso F, Alsina J: Update of our experience in longterm renal function of kidneys transplanted from non-heart beating cadaveric donors. Transpl Proc 1993; 25: 1513-1515
11. Nash K, Hafeez A, Hou S: Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39: 930-936
12. Furuichi K, Shintani H, Sakai Y, Ochiya T, Matsushima K, Kaneko S, Wada T: Effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal cells on ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney. Clin Exp Nephrol 2012; 16: 679-689
13. Semedo P, Palasio CG, Oliveira CD, Feitoza CQ, Gonçalves GM, Cenedeze MA, Wang PM, Teixeira VP, Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NO: Early modulation of inflammation by mesenchymal stem cell after acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9: 677-682
14. Molitoris BA, Marrs J: The role of cell adhesion molecules in ischemic acute renal failure. Am J Med 1999; 106: 583-592
15. Sáenz-Morales D, Escribese MM, Stamatakis K, García-Martos M, Alegre L, Conde E, Pérez-Sala D, Mampaso F, García-Bermejo ML: Requirements for proximal tubule epithelial cell detachment in response to ischemia: role of oxidative stress. Exp Cell Res 2006; 312: 3711-3727
16. Boros P, Bromberg JS: New cellular and molecular immune pathways in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am J Transplant 2006; 6: 652-658
17. Thurman JM: Triggers of inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion. Clin Immunol 2007; 123: 7-13
18. Devarajan P: Update on mechanisms of ischemic acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17: 1503-1520
19. Bonventre JV: Dedifferentiation and proliferation of surviving epithelial cells in acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14:S55-S61
20. Palevsky PM: Epidemiology of acute renal failure: the tip of the iceberg. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 1: 6-7
21. Schena FP: Role of growth factors in acute renal failure. Kidney Int Suppl 1998; 66:S11-S15
22. Reinders ME, Rabelink TJ: Adipose tissuederived stem cells: can impure cell preparations give pure results? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 25: 3874-3884
23. Tögel F, Hu Z, Weiss K, Isaac J, Lange C, Westenfelder C: Administered mesenchymal stem cells protect against ischemic acute renal failure through differentiation-independent mechanisms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289:F31-F42
24. Deng J, Kohda Y, Chiao H, Wang Y, Hu X, Hewitt SM, Miyaji T, McLeroy P, Nibhanupudy B, Li S, Star RA: Interleukin-10 inhibits ischemic and cisplatin-induced acute renal injury. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 2118-2128
25. Humphreys BD, Bonventre JV: Mesenchymal stem cells in acute kidney injury. Annu Rev Med 2008; 59: 311-325
26. Masereeuw R: Contribution of bone marrow-derived cells in renal repair after acute kidney injury. Minerva Urol Nefrol 2009; 61: 373-384
27. Bussolati B, Hauser PV, Carvalhosa R, Camussi G: Contribution of stem cells to kidney repair. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2009; 4: 2-8
28. Nafar M, Parvin M, Sadeghi P, Ghoraishian M, Soleimani M, Tabibi A, Nouralizadeh A, Amirkhanlou S, Barzi F, Alipour B: Effects of stem cells and granulocyte colony stimulating factor in reperfusion injury. Iran J Kidney Dis 2010; 4: 207-213
29. Rabb H: Paracrine and differentiation mechanisms underlying stem cell therapy for the damaged kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289:F29-F30
30. Kale S, Karihaloo A, Clark PR, Kashgarian M, Krause DS, Cantley LG: Bone marrow stem cells contribute to repair of the ischemically injured renal tubule. J Clin Invest 2003; 112: 42-49
31. Lin F, Cordes K, Li L, Hood L, Couser WG, Shankland SJ, Igarashi P: Hematopoietic stem cells contribute to the regeneration of renal tubules after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 1188-1199
32. Arriero M, Brodsky SV, Gealekman O, Lucas PA, Goligorsky MS: Adult skeletal muscle stem cells differentiate into endothelial lineage and ameliorate renal dysfunction after acute ischemia. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2004; 287:F621-F627
33. Korbling M, Estrov Z: Adult stem cells for tissue repair-a new therapeutic concept? N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 570-582
34. Bischoff R: Tissue culture studies on the origin of myogenic cell during muscle regeneration in the rat; in Mauro A, Bischoff R, Shafig SA, Carlson BM, Konigsberg I, Lipton B (eds): Muscle Regeneration. New York, Raven Press, 1979, pp 13-29
35. Mauro A: Satellite cells of skeletal muscle fibers. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1961; 9: 493-495
36. Young HE, Steele TA, Bray RA, Detmer K, Blake LW, Lucas PW Jr, Black AC: Human pluripotent and progenitor cells display cell surface cluster differentiation markers CD10, CD13, CD56, and MHC class-I. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1999; 221: 63-71
37. Young HE, Steele TA, Bray RA, Hudson J, Floyd JA, Hawkins K, Thomas K, Austin T, Edwards C, Cuzzourt J, Duenzl M, Lucas PA Jr, Black AC: Human reserve pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are present in the connective tissues of skeletal muscle and dermis derived from fetal, adult, and geriatric donors. Anat Rec 2001; 264: 51-62
38. Wise AF, Ricardo SD: Mesenchymal stem cells in kidney inflammation and repair. Nephrology 2012; 17: 1-10
39. Bajwa A, Kinsey GR, Okusa MD: Immune mechanisms and novel pharmacological therapies of acute kidney injury. Curr Drug Targets 2009; 10: 1196-1204
40. Donovan P, Gearhart J: The end of the beginning for pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2001; 414: 92-97
41. Goodell M: Stem-cell 'plasticity': befuddled by the muddle. Curr Opin Hematol 2003; 10: 208-213
42. Herzog E, Chai L, Krause D: Plasticity of marrow-derived stem cells. Blood 2003; 102: 3483-3493
43. Weissman I: Stem cells: units of development, units of regeneration, and units of evolution. Cell 2000; 100: 157-168
44. Balsam L, Wagers A, Christensen J, Kofidis T, Weissman I, Robbins R: Hematopoietic stem cells adopt mature hematopoietic fates in ischemic myocardium. Nature 2004; 428: 668-673
45. Murry C, Soonpaa M, Reinecke H, Nakajima H, Rubar Mt, Pasumarthi K, Virag J, Bartelmez S, Poppa V, Bradford G, Dowell J, Williams D, Field L: Hematopoietic stem cells do not transdifferentiate into cardiac myocytes in myocardial infarcts. Nature 2004; 428: 664-668
46. Orlic D, Kajstura J, Chimenti S, Jakoniuk I, Anderson S, Li B, Pickel J, McKay R, Nadal-Ginard B, Bodine D, Anversa P: Bone marrow cells regenerate infracted myocardium. Nature 2001; 410: 701-705
47. Pereira R, Halford K, O'Hara M, Leeper D, Sokolov B, Pollard M, Bagasra O, Prockop D: Cultured adherent cells from bone marrow can serve as long-lasting precursor cells for bone, cartilage, and lung in irradiated mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 1995; 92: 4857-4861
48. Petersen B, Bowen W, Patrene K, Mars W, Sullivan A, Murase N, Boggs S, Greenberger J, Goff J: Bone marrow as a potential source of hepatic oval cells. Science 1999; 284: 1168-1170
49. Raff M: Adult stem cell plasticity: fact or artifact? Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2003; 19: 1-22
50. Brodsky S, Kim B, Yamamoto T, Tada T, Goligorsky M: Endothelial dysfunction in acute renal ischemia: rescue by transplanted endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 282:F1140-F1149
51. Jiang H, Qu L, Li Y, Gu L, Shi Y, Zhang J, W Zhu, Li J: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduce intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats. J Surg Res 2011; 168: 127-134
52. Togel F, Weiss K, Yang Y, Hu Z, Zhang P, Westenfelder C: Vasculotropic, paracrine actions of infused mesenchymal stem cells are important to the recovery from acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007; 292:F1626-F1635
53. Semedo P, Wang PM, Andreucci TH, Cenedeze MA, Teixeira VPA, Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS: Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate tissue damages triggered by renal ischemia and reperfusion injury. Transplant Proc 2007; 39: 421-423
54. Patel J, Pancholi N, Gudehithlu KP, Sethupathi P, Hart PD, Dunea G, Arruda JAL, Singh AK: Stem cells from foreign body granulation tissue accelerate recovery from acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 1780-1786
55. Hara Y, Stolk M, Ringe J, Dehne T, Ladhoff J, Kotsch K, Reutzel-Selke A, Reinke P, Volk HD, Seifert M: In vivo effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat kidney transplantation model with prolonged cold ischemia. Transpl Int 2011; 24: 1112-1123
56. Wang Y, Hu F, Wang ZJ, Wang GX, Zhang ZH, Xie P, CP Cui: Administration of bone marrow-derived stem cells suppresses cellular necrosis and apoptosis induced by reperfusion of ischaemic kidneys in rats. Chin Med J 2008; 121: 268-271
57. Hagiwara M, Shen B, Chao L, Chao J: Kallikrein-modified mesenchymal stem cell implantation provides enhanced protection against acute ischemic kidney injury by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation. Hum Gene Ther 2008; 19: 807-819
58. Wang PH, Schwindt TT, Barnabé GF, Motta FL, Semedo P, Beraldo FC, Mazzali M, Dos Reis MA, Teixeira Vde P, Pacheco-Silva A, Mello LE, Câmara NO: Administration of neural precursor cells ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nephron Exp Nephrol 2009; 112:e20-e28
59. Chen Y, Sun C, Lin Y, Chang L, Chen Y, Tsai T, Chung S, Chua S, Kao Y, Yen C, Shao P, Chang K, Leu S, Yip H: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell protects kidneys against ischemia-reperfusion injury through suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. J Transl Med 2011; 9: 51
60. Patschan D, Patschan S, Wessels JT, Becker JU, David S, Henze E, Goligorsky MS, Müller GA: Epac-1 activator 8-O-cAMP augments renoprotective effects of allogeneic murine EPCs in acute ischemic kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 298:F78-F85
61. Asahara T, Masuda H, Takahashi T, Kalka C, Pastore C, Silver M, Kearne M, Magner M, Isner JM: Bone marrow origin of endothelial progenitor cells responsible for postnatal vasculogenesis in physiological and pathological neovascularization. Circ Res 1999; 85: 221-228
62. Asahara T, Murohara T, Sullivan A, Silver M, van der Zee R, Li T, Witzenbichler B, Schatteman G, Isner JM: Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Science 1997; 275: 964-967
63. Khakoo AY, Finkel T: Endothelial progenitor cells. Annu Rev Med 2005; 56: 79-101
64. Schuster MD, Kocher AA, Seki T, Martens TP, Xiang G, Homma S, Itescu S: Myocardial neovascularization by bone marrow angioblasts results in cardiomyocyte regeneration. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004; 287:H525-H532
65. Urbich C, Dimmeler S: Endothelial progenitor cells functional characterization. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2004; 14: 318-322
66. Urbich C, Dimmeler S: Endothelial progenitor cells: characterization and role in vascular biology. Circ Res 2004; 95: 343-353
67. Huls M, Schoeber JP, Verfaillie CM, Luttun A, Ulloa-Montoya F, Menke AL, van Bolderen LR, Woestenenk RM, Merkx GF, Wetzels JF, Russel FG, Masereeuw R: Deficiency of either p-glycoprotein or breast cancer resistance protein protect against acute kidney injury. Cell Transplant 2010; 19: 1195-1208
68. Azizi SA, Stokes D, Augelli BJ, DiGirolamo C, Prockop DJ: Engraftment and migration of human bone marrow stromal cells implanted in the brains of albino rats-similarities to astrocyte grafts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 3908-3913
69. Orth SR, Ritz E, Suter-Crazzolara C: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is expressed in the human kidney and is a growth factor for human mesangial cells. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 589-595
70. Shi H, Patschan D, Dietz GP, Bähr M, Plotkin M, MS Goligorsky MS: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic growth factor increases motility and survival of cultured mesenchymal stem cells and ameliorates acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008; 294:F229-F235
71. Einstein O, Ben-Menachem-Tzidon O, Mizrachi-Kol R, Reinhartz E, Grigoriadis N, Ben-Hur T: Survival of neural precursor cells in growth factor-poor environment: implications for transplantation in chronic disease. Glia 2006; 53: 449-455
72. Ben-Hur T: Immunomodulation by neural stem cells. J Neurol Sci 2008; 265: 102-104
73. Pluchino S, Zanotti L, Rossi B, Brambilla E, Ottoboni L, Salani G, Martinello M, Cattalini A, Bergami A, Furlan R, Comi G, Constantin, Martino G: Neurosphere-derived multipotent precursors promote neuroprotection by an immunomodulatory mechanism. Nature 2005; 436: 266-271
74. Sheng WS, Hu S, Ni HT, Rowen TN, Lokensgard JR, Peterson PK: TNF-alpha-induced chemokine production and apoptosis in human neural precursor cells. J Leukoc Biol 2005; 78: 1233-1241
75. Zheng XS, Yang XF, Liu WG, Pan DS, Hu WW, Li G: Transplantation of neural stem cells into the traumatized brain induces lymphocyte infiltration. Brain Inj 2007; 21: 275-278
76. Palevsky PM: Epidemiology of acute renal failure: the tip of the iceberg. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 1: 6-7
77. Baud L, Haymann JP, Bellocq A, Fouqueray B: Contribution of stem cells to renal repair after ischemia/reperfusion. Bull Acad Natl Med 2005; 189: 635-643
78. Poulsom R, Forbes SJ, Hodivala-Dilke K, Ryan E, Wyles S, Navaratnarasah S: Bone marrow contributes to renal parenchymal turnover and regeneration. J Pathol 2001; 195: 229-235
79. Gupta S, Verfaillie C, Chmielewski D, Kim Y, Rosenberg ME: A role for extra-renal cells in the regeneration following acute renal failure. Kidney Int 2002; 62: 1285-1290
80. Duffield JS, Park KM, Hsiao LL, Kelley VR, Scadden DT, Ichimura T: Restoration of tubular epithelial cells during repair of the post-ischemic kidney occurs independently of bone marrow-derived stem cells. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 1743-1755
81. Morigi M, Imberti B, Zoja C, Corna D, Tomasoni S, Abbate M: Mesenchymal stem cells are renotropic, helping to repair the kidney and improve function in acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1794-804
82. Morigi M, Benigni A, Remuzzi G, Imberti B: The regenerative potential of stem cells in acute renal failure. Cell Transplant 2006; 1:S111-S117
83. Humphreys BD, Duffield JD, Bonventre JV: Renal stem cells in recovery from acute kidney injury. Minerva Urol Nefrol 2006; 58: 329-337
84. Bi B, Schmitt R, Israilova M, Nishio H, Cantley LG: Stromal cells protect against acute tubular injury via an endocrine effect. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 2486-2496
85. De Broe ME: Tubular regeneration and the role of bone marrow cells: 'stem cell therapy'-a panacea? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 2318-2320
86. Humphreys BD, Bonventre JV: The contribution of adult stem cells to renal repair. Nephrol Ther 2007; 3: 3-10
87. Angelotti ML, Ronconi E, Ballerini L, Peired A, Mazzinghi B, Sagrinati C, Parente E, Gacci M, Carini M, Rotondi M, Fogo AB, Lazzeri E, Lasagni L, Romagnani P: Characterization of renal progenitors committed toward tubular lineage and their regenerative potential in renal tubular injury. Stem Cells 2012; 30: 1714-1725
88. Fang TC, Alison MR, Cook HT, Jeffery R, Wright NA, Poulsom R: Proliferation of bone marrow-derived cells contributes to regeneration after folic acid-induced acute tubular injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 1723-1732
89. Feng Z, Ting J, Alfonso Z, Strem BM, Fraser JK, Rutenberg J, Kuo HC, Pinkernell K: Fresh and cryopreserved, uncultured adipose tissue-derived stem and regenerative cells ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 25: 3874-3884
90. Kwon O, Miller S, Li N, Khan A, Kadry Z, Uemura T: Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cells may contribute to endothelial repair in the kidney immediately after ischemia-reperfusion. J Histochem Cytochem 2010; 58: 687-694
91. Oliver JA, Maarouf O, Cheema FH, Martens TP, Al-Awqati Q: The renal papilla is a niche for adult kidney stem cells. J Clin Invest 2004; 114: 795-804
92. Kim J, Kim JI, Na YK, YM Park YM: Intrarenal slow cell-cycle cells contribute to the restoration of kidney tubules injured by ischemia/reperfusion. Anat Cell Biol 2011; 44: 186-193
93. Lin F, Moran A, Igarashi P: Intrarenal cells, not bone marrow-derived cells, are the major source for regeneration in postischemic kidney. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 1756-1764
94. Chen J, Park HC, Addabbo F: Kidney-derived mesenchymal stem cells contribute to vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and endothelial repair. Kidney Int 2008; 74: 879-889
95. Sagrinati C, Ronconi E, Lazzeri E: Stem-cell approaches for kidney repair: choosing the right cells. Trends Mol Med 2008; 14: 277-285
96. Tian H, Lu Y, Shah SP, Wang Q, Hong S: 14S, 21R-dihydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid treatment enhances mesenchymal stem cell amelioration of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21: 1187-1199
97. Altun B, Yilmaz R, Aki T, Akoglu H, Zeybek D, Piskinpasa S, Uckan D, Purali N, Korkusuz P, Turgan C: Use of mesenchymal stem cells and darbepoetin improve ischemia-induced acute kidney injury outcomes. Am J Nephrol 2012; 35: 531-539
98. Zhen-Qiang F, Bing-Wei Y, Yong-Liang L, Xiang-Wei W, Shan-Hong Y, Yuan-Ning Z, Wei-Sheng J, Wei C, Ye G: Localized expression of human BMP-7 by BM-MSCs enhances renal repair in an in vivo model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Genes Cells 2012; 17: 53-64
99. Chade AR, Zhu XY, Krier JD, Jordan KL, Textor SC, Grande JP, Lerman A, Lerman LO: Endothelial progenitor cells homing and renal repair in experimental renovascular disease. Stem Cells 2010; 28: 1039-1047
100. Eirin A, Zhu XY, Krier JD, Tang H, Jordan KL, Grande JP, Lerman A, Textor SC, Lerman LO: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve revascularization outcomes to restore renal function in swine atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. Stem Cells 2012; 30: 1030-1041
101. Wagers AJ, Sherwood RI, Christensen JL, Weissman IL: Little evidence for developmental plasticity of adult hematopoietic stem cells. Science 2002; 297: 2256-2259
102. Jiang Y, Jahagirdar BM, Reinhardt RL, Schwartz RE, Keene CD, Ortiz-Gonzalez XR, Reyes M, Lenvik T, Lund T, Blackstad M, Du J, Aldrich S, Lisberg A, Low WC, Largaespada DA, Verfaillie CM: Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow. Nature 2012; 418: 41-49
103. Huls M, Russel FGM, Masereeuw R: Insights into the role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in renal repair. Kidney Blood Press Res 2008; 31: 104-110
104. da Silva LB, Palma PV, Cury PM, Bueno V: Evaluation of stem cell administration in a model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7: 1609-1616
105. Duffield JS, Bonventre JV: Kidney tubular epithelium is restored without replacement with bone marrow-derived cells during repair after ischemic injury. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 1956-1961
106. Behr L, Hekmati M, Lucchini A, Houcinet K, Faussat AM, Borenstein N, Noel LH, Lelievre-Pegorier M, Laborde K: Evaluation of the effect of autologous mesenchymal stem cell injection in a large-animal model of bilateral kidney ischaemia reperfusion injury. Cell Prolif 2009; 42: 284-297
107. Wagner JL, Storb R: Preclinical large animal models for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Curr Opin Hematol 1996; 3: 410-415
108. Brunswig-Spickenheier B, Boche J, Westenfelder C, Peimann F, Gruber AD, Jaquet K, Krause K, Zustin J, Zander AR, Lange C: Limited immune-modulating activity of porcine mesenchymal stromal cells abolishes their protective efficacy in acute kidney injury. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19: 719-729
109. Thirabanjasak D, Tantiwongse K, Thorner PS: Angiomyeloproliferative lesions following autologous stem cell therapy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21: 1218-1222
110. Pelengaris S, Khan M, Evan G: c-MYC: more than just a matter of life and death. Nat Rev Cancer 2002; 2: 764-776
111. Lee PY, Chien Y, Chiou GY, Lin CH, Chiou SH, Tarng DC: Induced pluripotent stem cells without c-Myc attenuate acute kidney injury via down-regulating the signaling of oxidative stress and inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion rats. Cell Transplant 2012, Epub ahead of print
112. Kawahara T, Kin T, Kashkoush S, Gala-Lopez B, Bigam DL, Kneteman NM: Portal vein thrombosis is a potential preventable complication in clinical islet transplantation. Am J Transplant 2011; 11: 2700-2777
113. Patschan SA, Patschan D, Temme J, Korsten P, Wessels JT, Koziolek M, Henze E, Müller GA: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in sepsis with acute renal dysfunction (ARD). Crit Care 2011; 15:R94
114. Patschan D, Krupincza K, Patschan S, Zhang Z, Hamby C, Goligorsky MS: Dynamics of mobilization and homing of endothelial progenitor cells after acute renal ischemia: modulation by ischemic preconditioning. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 291:F176-F185
115. Westenfelder C, Togel FE: Protective actions of administered mesenchymal stem cells in acute kidney injury: relevance to clinical trials. Kidney Int Suppl 2011; 1: 103-106
116. Patschan D, Patschan S, Gobe GG, Chintala S, Goligorsky MS: Uric acid heralds ischemic tissue injury to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1516-1524
117. Gooch A, Doty J, Flores J, Swenson L, Toegel FE, Reiss GR, Lange C, Zander AR, Hu Z, Poole S, Ping Zhang P, Westenfelder C: Initial report on a phase I clinical trial: prevention and treatment of post-operative acute kidney injury with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in patients who require on-pump cardiac surgery. Cell Ther Transplant 2008; 1: 31-35
118. Tögel FE, Westenfelder C: Mesenchymal stem cells: a new therapeutic tool for AKI. Nat Rev Nephrol 2010; 6: 179-183
119. Tögel F, Cohen A, Zhang P, Yang Y, Hu Z, Westenfelder C: Autologous and allogeneic marrow stromal cells are safe and effective for the treatment of acute kidney injury. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18: 475-485
120. Imberti B, Morigi M, Tomasoni S, Rota C, Corna D, Longaretti L, Rottoli D, Valsecchi F, Benigni A, Wang J, Abbate M, Zoja C, Remuzzi G: Insulin-like growth factor-1 sustains stem cell mediated renal repair. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 2921-2928
121. Tögel F, Zhang P, Hu Z, Westenfelder C: VEGF is a mediator of the renoprotective effects of multipotent marrow stromal cells in acute kidney injury. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13: 2109-2114
122. Tan J, Wu W, Xu X, Liao L, Zheng F, Messinger S, Sun X, Chen J, Yang S, Cai J, Gao X, Pileggi A, Ricordi C: Induction therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells in living-related kidney transplants: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2012; 307: 1169-1177.