The effects of word exposure frequency and elaboration of word processing on incidental L2 vocabulary acquisition through reading

Language Teaching Research

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 227-252

  Eckerth, Johannes ^a   Tavakoli, Parveneh ^b  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b LONDON METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

frequency; incidental word learning; involvement load hypothesis; vocabulary knowledge; word exposure

Indexed keywords

EID: 84864050155     PISSN: 13621688     EISSN: 14770954     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1362168811431377     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Baddeley A.Human memory: Theory and practice. Hove: Psychology Press; 1997:.
2. Barcroft J.Effects of synonym generation on incidental and intentional L2 vocabulary learning during reading.TESOL Quarterly. 2009;43:79-103.
3. Barcroft J.,Sommers M.S.Effects of acoustic variability on second language vocabulary learning.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 2005;27:387-414.
4. Bronfenbrenner U.The ecology of human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1979:.
5. Cohen J.Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1988:.
6. Coxhead A.A new academic word list.TESOL Quarterly. 2000;34:213-38.
7. Craik F.,Lockhart R.Levels of processing: A framework for memory research.Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior. 1972;11:671-84.
8. De la Fuente M.J.Negotiation and oral acquisition of L2 vocabulary.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 2002;24:81-112.
9. De la Fuente M.J.Classroom L2 vocabulary acquisition: Investigating the role of pedagogical tasks and form-focused instruction.Language Teaching Research. 2006;10:263-95.
10. Ellis N.,Beaton A.Psycholinguistic determinants of foreign language vocabulary learning.Language Learning. 1993;43:559-617.
11. Ellis R.,He X.The roles of modified input and modified output in the incidental acquisition of word meanings.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 1999;21:285-301.
12. Folse K.S.The effect of type of written exercise on L2 vocabulary retention.TESOL Quarterly. 2006;40:273-93.
13. Gass S.Incidental vocabulary learning.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 1999;21:319-33.
14. Han Z.,Park E.,Combs C.Textual enhancement of input: Issues and possibilities.Applied Linguistics. 2008;29:597-618.
15. Hill M.M.,Laufer B.Type of task, time-on-task and electronic dictionaries in incidental vocabulary acquisition.International Review of Applied Linguistics. 2003;41:81-106.
16. Horst M.Learning L2 vocabulary through extensive reading: A measurement study.Canadian Modern Language Review. 2005;61:355-82.
17. Horst M.,Cobb T.,Meara P.Beyond a clockwork orange: Acquiring second language vocabulary through reading.Reading in a Foreign Language. 1998;11:207-23.
18. Hulstijn J.Cognition and second language instruction. Robinson P., ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001:258-86.
19. Hulstijn J.The handbook of second language acquisition. Long M.Doughty C., ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2003:349-81.
20. Hulstijn J.,Laufer B.Some empirical evidence for the involvement load hypothesis in vocabulary acquisition.Language Learning. 2001;51:539-58.
21. Hulstijn J.,Hollander M.,Greidanus T.Incidental vocabulary learning by advanced foreign language students: The influence of marginal glosses, dictionary use, and reoccurrence of unknown words.Modern Language Journal. 1996;80:327-39.
22. Hummel K.Translation and vocabulary retention.Language Teaching Research. 2010;14:61-74.
23. Hunt A.,Beglar D.A framework for developing EFL reading vocabulary.Reading in a Foreign Language. 2005;17:23-59.
24. Joe A.What effect do text-based tasks promoting generation have on incidental vocabulary acquisition?.Applied Linguistics. 1998;19:357-77.
25. Keating G.Task effectiveness and word learning in a second language: The involvement load hypothesis on trial.Language Teaching Research. 2008;12:365-86.
26. Kim Y.The role of task-induced involvement and learner proficiency in L2 vocabulary acquisition.Language Learning. 2008;58:285-325.
27. Kintsch W.Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998:.
28. Krashen S.D.The power of reading: Insights from research. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited; 1993:.
29. Laufer B.Why are some words more difficult than others? Some intralexical factors that affect the learning of words.International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. 1990;28:293-307.
30. Laufer B.Word focused activities and incidental vocabulary acquisition in a second language.Prospect. 2001;16:44-54.
31. Laufer B.Focus on form in second language vocabulary learning.EUROSLA Yearbook. 2005;5:223-50.
32. Laufer B.Second language vocabulary acquisition from language input and from form-focused activities.Language Teaching. 2009;42:341-54.
33. Laufer B.,Girsai N.Form focused instruction in second language vocabulary learning: A case for contrastive analysis and translation.Applied Linguistics. 2008;29:694-716.
34. Laufer B.,Hulstijn J.Incidental vocabulary acquisition in a second language: The construct of task-induced involvement.Applied Linguistics. 2001;22:1-26.
35. Laufer B.,Nation P.Vocabulary size and use: Lexical richness in L2 written production.Applied Linguistics. 1995;16:307-22.
36. Laufer B.,Elder C.,Hill K.,Congdon P.Size and strength: Do we need both to measure vocabulary knowledge?.Language Testing. 2004;21:202-27.
37. Lockhart R.,Craik F.Levels of processing: A retrospective commentary on a framework for memory research.Canadian Journal of Psychology. 1990;44:87-112.
38. Longman Online Dictionary of Contemporary English. (2008). Retrieved from:http://www.ldoceonline.com (January 2012).
39. Ludwig J.Vocabulary acquisition as a function of word characteristics.The Canadian Modern Language Review. 1984;40:552-62.
40. Mason B.,Krashen S.Is form-focused vocabulary acquisition worthwhile?.RELC Journal. 2004;35:179-85.
41. Meara P.,Buxton B.An alternative to multiple choice vocabulary tests.Language Testing. 1987;4:142-51.
42. Min H.T.EFL vocabulary acquisition and retention: Reading plus vocabulary enhancement activities and narrow reading.Language Learning. 2008;58:73-115.
43. Nagy W.,Anderson R.,Herman P.Learning word meanings from context during normal reading.American Educational Research Journal. 1987;24:263-82.
44. Nassaji H.The relationship between depth of vocabulary knowledge and L2 learners' lexical inferencing strategy use and success.Modern Language Journal. 2006;90:387-401.
45. Nation P.Teaching and learning vocabulary. Boston, MA: Heinle and Heinle; 1990:.
46. Nation P.Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001:.
47. Nation P.How large a vocabulary is needed for reading and listening?.Canadian Modern Language Review. 2006a;63:59-82.
48. Nation P.Modeling and assessing vocabulary knowledge. Daller H.Milton J.Treffers-Daller J., ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2006b:35-43.
49. Nation P.,Wang K.Graded readers and vocabulary.Reading in a Foreign Language. 1999;12:355-80.
50. Nesi H.BAWE: An introduction to a new resource. Proceedings of the 8th Teaching and Language Corpora Conference; 2008; 2008. 239.
51. Paribakht T.,Wesche M.Reading and 'incidental' L2 vocabulary acquisition.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 1999;21:195-224.
52. Peters E.,Hulstijn J.H.,Sercu L.,Lutjeharms M.Learning L2 German vocabulary through reading: The effect of three enhancement techniques compared.Language Learning. 2009;59:113-51.
53. Pigada M.,Schmitt N.Vocabulary acquistion from extensive reading: A case study.Reading in a Foreign Language. 2006;18:1-18.
54. Pitts M.,White H.,Krashen S.Acquiring second language vocabulary through reading: A replication of the Clockwork Orange study using second language acquirers.Reading in a Foreign Language. 1989;5:271-75.
55. Pulido D.Modeling the role of second language proficiency and topic familiarity in second language incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading.Language Learning. 2003;53:233-84.
56. Pulido D.The effects of topic familiarity and passage sight vocabulary on L2 lexical inferencing and retention through reading.Applied Linguistics. 2007;28:66-86.
57. Read J.Assessing vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000:.
58. Read J.Research in teaching vocabulary.Annual Review of Applied Linguistics. 2004;24:146-61.
59. Read J.,Chapelle C.A framework for second language vocabulary assessment.Language Testing. 2001;18:1-32.
60. Richmond K.Inside reading: The academic word list in context. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2009:.
61. Rott S.The effect of frequency of input-enhancements on word learning and text comprehension.Language Learning. 2007;57:165-99.
62. Rott S.,Williams J.,Cameron R.The effect of multiple-choice L1 glosses and input-output cycles on lexical acquisition and retention.Language Teaching Research. 2002;6:183-222.
63. Schmidt R.The role of consciousness in second language learning.Applied Linguistics. 1990;11:129-58.
64. Schmidt R.Cognition and second language instruction. Robinson P., ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001:3-32.
65. Schmitt N.Instructed second language vocabulary learning.Language Teaching Research. 2008;12:329-63.
66. Schmitt N.,Schmitt D.,Clapham C.Developing and exploring the behaviour of two new versions of the Vocabulary Levels Test.Language Testing. 2001;18:55-89.
67. Siyanova A.,Schmitt N.L2 learner production and processing of collocation: A multi-study perspective.The Canadian Modern Language Review. 2008;64:429-58.
68. Sonbul S.,Schmitt N.Direct teaching of vocabulary after reading: Is it worth the effort?.English Language Teaching Journal. 2010;64:253-60.
69. Tabachnick B.,Fidell L.Using multivariate statistics. New York: Harper Collins; 1996:.
70. VanPatten B.Form-meaning connections in second language acquisition. VanPatten B.Williams J.Rott S.Overstreet M., ed. London: Routledge; 2004:29-47.
71. Vidal K.Academic listening: A source of vocabulary acquisition?.Applied Linguistics. 2003;24:56-89.
72. Waring R.,Takaki M.At what rate do learners learn and retain new vocabulary from reading a graded reader?.Reading in a Foreign Language. 2003;15:130-63.
73. Watanabe Y.Input, intake, and retention: Effects of increased processing on incidental learning of foreign language vocabulary.Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 1997;19:287-307.
74. Webb S.The effects of repetition on vocabulary knowledge.Applied Linguistics. 2007;28:46-65.
75. Webb S.The effects of context on incidental vocabulary learning.Reading in a Foreign Language. 2008;20:232-45.
76. Webb S.,Kagimoto E.The effects of vocabulary learning on collocation and meaning.TESOL Quarterly. 2009;43:55-77.
77. Wesche M.,Paribakht T.Assessing vocabulary knowledge: Depth vs. breadth.Canadian Modern Language Review. 1996;53:13-39.
78. Wesche M.,Paribakht T.S.Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Special Issue). Wesche M.Paribakht T.S., ed. 1999:195-24.
79. Yoshi M.L1 and L2 glosses: Their effect on incidental vocabulary learning.Language Learning and Technology. 2006;10:85-101.
80. Zahar R.,Cobb T.,Spada N.Acquiring vocabulary through reading: Effects of frequency and contextual richness.The Canadian Modern Language Review. 2001;57:541-72.