Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Pomegranate Fruit and Arils: A Review

Food and Bioprocess Technology

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 15-30

  Caleb, Oluwafemi James ^a   Opara, Umezuruike Linus ^a   Witthuhn, Corli R ^a  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Fruit and vegetables; Modified atmosphere packaging; Pomegranate; Smart packaging

Indexed keywords

ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; CURRENT STATUS; DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT; ENZYMATIC PROCESS; FRESH FOOD; FRESH PRODUCE; FRUIT AND VEGETABLES; FUTURE PROSPECTS; NUTRITION VALUE; NUTRITIONAL QUALITIES; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; PERMEABILITY PROPERTIES; POMEGRANATE; POSTHARVEST; PREDICTION MODELLING; RESPIRATION RATE; SHELF LIFE; SMART PACKAGING; VALUE ADDITION;

ETHANOL; FRUITS; NUTRITION; VEGETABLES;

MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING;

LYTHRACEAE;

EID: 84856233351     PISSN: 19355130     EISSN: 19355149     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11947-011-0525-7     Document Type: Review

References (149)

1. Adaskaveg, J. E., & Förster, H. (2003). Management of gray mold of pomegranate caused by Botrytis cinerea using two reduced-risk fungicides, fludioxonil and fenhexamid. Phytopathology, 93, S127.
2. Aguayo, E., Escalona, V., & Artes, F. (2004). Quality of fresh-cut tomato as affected by type of cut, packaging, temperature and storage time. European Food Research and Technology, 219(5), 492-499.
3. Ahvenainen, R., Eilamo, M., & Hurme, E. (1997). Detection of improper sealing and quality deterioration of modified-atmosphere-packaged pizza by a colour indicator. Food Control, 8(4), 177-184.
4. Ait-Oubahou, A. (1999). Modified atmosphere packaging of tomato fruit. CIHEAM-Options Mediterraneennes, 42, 103-114.
5. Al-Said, F. A., Opara, L. U., & Al-Yahyai, R. A. (2009). Physico-chemical and textural quality attributes of pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in the Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Food Engineering, 90, 129-134.
6. Al-Yahyai, R., Al-Said, F., & Opara, L. (2009). Fruit growth characteristics of four pomegranate cultivars from northern Oman. Fruits, 64, 1-7.
7. Appendini, P., & Hotchkiss, J. H. (2002). Review of antimicrobial food packaging. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 3, 113-126.
8. Ares, G., Lareo, C., & Lema, P. (2007). Modified atmosphere packaging for postharvest storage of mushrooms. A review. Fresh Produce, 1(1), 32-40.
9. Artés, F. (1992). Factores de calidad y conservación frigorífica de la granada. In: II Jornadas Nacionales del Granado. Univ. Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia.
10. Artés, F. (1993). Diseno y cálculo de polímeros sintéticos de interes para la conservación hortofrutícola en atmósfera modificada. In A. Madrid (Ed.), Nuevo curso de ingeniería del frío (pp. 427-454). Murcia: Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros Agronómos de Murcia.
11. Artés, F., Gómez, P. A., & Artés-Hernández, F. (2006). Modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Review, 5(2), 1-13(13).
12. Artés, F., & Tomás-Barberán, F. A. (2000). Postharvest technological treatments of pomegranate and preparation of derived products. In: P. Melgarejo-Moreno et al (Eds.), Production, processing and marketing of pomegranate in the Mediterranean Region (pp. 199-204). CIHEAM-Options Mediterraneennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens no. 42.
13. Artés, F., Marin, J. G., & Martínez, J. A. (1998). Permeability rates of films for modified atmosphere packaging of respiring foods. In B. M. Nicolaï et al. (Eds.), Food quality (pp. 153-157). Leuven: European Commision.
14. Artés, F., Conesa, M. A., Hernandez, S., & Gil, M. I. (1999). Keeping quality of fresh-cut tomato. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 17(3), 153-162.
15. Artés, F., Tudela, J. A., & Villaescusa, R. (2000a). Thermal postharvest treatment for improving pomegranate quality and shelf life. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 18, 245-251.
16. Artés, F., Villaescusa, R., & Tudela, J. A. (2000b). Modified atmosphere packaging of pomegranate. Journal of Food Science, 65(7), 1112-1116.
17. Austin, J. W., Dodds, K. L., Blanchfield, B., & Farber, J. M. (1998). Growth and toxin production by Clostridium botulinum on inoculated fresh-cut packaged vegetables. Journal of Food Protection, 61(3), 324-328.
18. Bayram, E., Dundar, O., & Ozkaya, O. (2009). Effect of different packaging types on storage of Hicaznar pomegranate fruits. In: A. I. Özgüven (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st IS on pomegranate, vol 818 (pp. 319-322). Acta Horticulturae, ISHS.
19. 2 partial pressure on selected phenomena affecting fruit and vegetable quality. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 37(1), 37-46.
20. Ben-Arie, R., & Or, E. (1986). The development and control of husk scald on Wonderful pomegranate fruit during storage. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 111, 395-399.
21. Ben-Yehoshua, S., & Rodov, V. (2003). Transpiration and water stress. In J. A. Bartz & J. K. Brecht (Eds.), Postharvest physiology and pathology of vegetables (pp. 111-159). New York: Marcel Dekker.
22. Brecht, J. K. (2006). Controlled atmosphere, modified atmosphere and modified atmosphere packaging for vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Review, 5(2), 1-6(6).
23. Burton, K. S., Frost, C. E., & Nichols, R. (1987). A combination of plastic permeable films system for controlling post-harvest mushroom quality. Biotechnology Letters, 9, 529-534.
24. Cameron, A. C., Beaudry, R. M., Banks, N. H., & Yelanich, M. V. (1994). Modified atmosphere packaging of blueberry fruit: modelling respiration and package oxygen partial pressures as function of temperature. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 119(3), 534-539.
25. Cameron, C. A., Talasila, P. C., & Joles, D. W. (1995). Predicting film permeability needs for modified-atmosphere packaging of lightly processed fruits and vegetables. HortScience, 30(1), 25-34.
26. Charles, F., Sanchez, J., & Gontard, N. (2003). Active modified atmosphere packaging of fresh fruits and vegetables: modeling with tomatoes and oxygen absorber. Journal of Food Science, 68(5), 1736-1742.
27. Church, P. N. (1993). Meat and meat products. In R. T. Parry (Ed.), Principles and application of modified atmosphere packaging of food (pp. 170-187). Glasgow: Blackie.
28. Church, N. (1994). Developments in modified-atmosphere packaging and related technologies. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 5, 345-352.
29. Crank, J., & Park, G. S. (1968). Diffusion in polymers. In: Crank et al (eds), pp 360. London: Academic Press.
30. Cutter, C. N. (2002). Microbial control by packing: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 42(2), 151-161.
31. D' Aquino, S., Palma, A., Schirra, M., Continella, A., Tribulato, E., & La Malfa, S. (2010). Influence of film wrapping and fludioxonil application on quality of pomegranate fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 55, 121-128.
32. Dainelli, D., Gontard, N., Spyropoulos, D., Zondervan-van den Beuken, E., & Tobback, P. (2008). Active and intelligent food packaging: legal aspects and safety concerns. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 19, S103-S112.
33. Defilippi, B. G., Whitaker, B. D., Hess-Pierce, B. M., & Kader, A. A. (2006). Development and control of scald on Wonderful pomegranate during long-term storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41, 234-243.
34. Du, C. T., Wang, P. L., & Francis, F. J. (1975). Anthocyanins of pomegranate, Punica granatum. Journal of Food Science, 40(2), 417-418.
35. Dumlu, M. U., & Gurkan, E. (2007). Elemental and nutritional analysis of Punica granatum from Turkey. Journal of Medical Food, 10(2), 392-395.
36. Elyatem, S. M., & Kader, A. A. (1984). Post-harvest physiology and storage behaviour of pomegranate fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 24, 287-298.
37. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Register Environmental Documents (2005). Fludioxonil, pesticide tolerance, vol 70 (95). Available at: www. epa. gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2005/May/Day-18/p9798. htm. Accessed 20 July 2006.
38. Ergun, M., & Ergun, N. (2009). Maintaining quality of minimally processed pomegranate arils by honey treatments. British Food Journal, 111(4), 396-406.
39. Ewaida, E. H. (1987). Nutrient composition of "Taifi" pomegranate (Punica granatum L). Fragments and their suitability for the production of jam. Persian Gulf Science Research Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 3, 367-378.
40. Exama, A., Arul, J., Lencki, R. W., Lee, L. Z., & Toupin, C. (1993). Suitability of plastic films for modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables. Journal of Food Science, 58(6), 1365-1370.
41. Fadavi, A., Barzegar, M., & Azizi, H. (2006). Determination of fatty acids and total lipid content in oilseed of 25 pomegranate variaties grown in Iran. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19(6), 676-680.
42. Fahan, A. (1976). The seed. In: Plant anatomy. Hakkibutz Hameuhad Publication, Jerusalem. pp. 419-430.
43. Farber, J. M. (1991). Microbiological aspects of modified atmosphere packaging-a review. Journal of Food Protection, 54, 58-70.
44. Farber, J. N., Harris, L. J., Parish, M. E., Beuchat, L. R., Suslow, T. V., Gorney, J. R., et al. (2003). Microbiological safety of controlled and modified atmosphere packaging of fresh and fresh-cut produce. Comprehensive Review in Food Science and Food Safety, 2, 142-160.
45. Fonseca, S. C., Oliveira, FAR., & Brecht, J. K. (2002). Modelling respiration rate of fresh fruits and vegetables for modified atmosphere packages: a review. Journal of Food Engineering, 52, 99-119.
46. García, E., Salazar, D. M., Melgarejo, P., & Coret, A. (2000). Determination of the respiration index and of the modified atmosphere inside the packaging of minimally processed products. CIHEAM-Options Mediterraneennes. pp. 247-251.
47. Gavara, R., Ramón, C., & Pilar, H.-M. (2009). Extending the shelf-life of fresh-cut produce through active packaging. Stewart Postharvest Review, 5(4), 1-5(5).
48. Gil, M. I., Artes, F., & Toma-Barberan, F. A. (1996a). Minimal processing and modified atmosphere packaging effects on pigmentation of pomegranate seeds. Journal of Food Science, 61(1), 161-164.
49. th International conference on postharvest, Vol. 553, pp 703-704. Acta Horticulturae, 1SHS.
50. Gil, M. I., Martínez, J. A., & Artés, F. (1996b). Minimally processed pomegranate seeds. Lebensm Wiss U Technol, 29, 708-713.
51. Gontard, N. (2000). Panorama des emballages alimentaires actifs. In N. Gontard (Ed.), Les emballages actifs (pp. 1-29). Paris: Tec & Doc.
52. Goodrum, P. M., & McLaren, M. (2003). A review of smart chip implementation and pilot project at University of Kentucky: a report to the electrical contracting foundation. Lexington: University of Kentucky, Department of Civil Engineering.
53. Gorny, J. (1997). CA and MA requirements and recommendations for fresh-cut (minimally processed) fruits and vegetables. In: Proceedings of 7th International controlled atmosphere research conference, vol 5, Davis, California, USA, July 1997.
54. Goulas, A. E. (2008). Combined effect of chill storage and modified atmosphere packaging on mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) preservation. Packaging Technology and Science, 21(5), 247-255.
55. Guan Wen, Q., Li, C., Xi, H. L., & Feng, H. Y. (2004). Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the quality of Fuji apple. Transactions Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 20(5), 218-221.
56. Hess-Pierce, B., & Kader, A. (2003). Responses of 'wonderful' pomegranates to controlled atmosphere. Acta Horticulturae, 600, 751-757.
57. Holcroft, D. M., Gil, M. I., & Kader, A. A. (1998). Effect of carbon dioxide on anthocyanins, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and glucosyltransferase in the arils of stored pomegranates. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 123, 136-140.
58. Holland, D., & Bar-Ya'akov, I. (2008). The pomegranate: new interest in an ancient fruit. Chronica Horticulturae, 48(3), 12-15.
59. Holland, D., Hatib, K., & Bar-Ya'akov, I. (2009). Pomegranate: botany, horticulture, breeding. In J. Janick (Ed.), Horticultural reviews, vol 35 (pp. 127-191). USA: Wiley.
60. Hong, S.-I., & Park, W.-S. (2000). Use of colour indicators as an active packaging system for evaluating kiMcHi fermentation. Journal of Food Engineering, 46(1), 67-72.
61. Inoue, Y., Hatakeyama, H., & Yoshino, I. (1994). Oxygen indicator. US Patent 5358876 (in United States).
62. Jacomino, A. P., Kluge, R. A., Sarantopoulos, C. I. G. L., & Sigrist, J. M. M. (2001). Evaluation of plastic packages for guava refrigerated preservation. Packaging Technology and Science, 14(1), 11-19.
63. Jacxsens, L., Devlieghere, F., De Rudder, T., & Debevere, J. (2000). Designing equilibrium modified atmosphere packages for fresh-cut vegetables subjected to changes in temperature. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologies, 33, 178-187.
64. Jayas, D. S., & Jeyamkondan, S. (2002). Modified atmosphere storage of grains meats fruits and vegetables. Biosystems Engineering, 82(3), 235-251.
65. Joles, D. W. (1993). Modified atmosphere packaging of raspberry and strawberry fruit: characterizing the respiratory response to reduced O2, elevated CO2 and changes in temperature. MS thesis, Michigan State University East Lansing.
66. Kader, A. A. (1980). Prevention of ripening in fruits by use of controlled atmospheres. Food Technology, 34, 51-54.
67. Kader, A. A. (1986). Biochemical and physiological basis for effects of controlled and modified atmospheres on fruits and vegetables. Food Technology, 40, 99-104.
68. Kader, A. A. (1995). Regulation of fruits physiology by controlled and modified atmosphere. Acta Horticulturae, 398, 59-70.
69. Kader, A. A., & Watkins, C. B. (2000). Modified atmosphere packaging-toward 2000 and beyond. HortTechnology, 10(3), 483-486.
70. Kader, A. A., Chordas, A., & Elyatem, S. (1984). Response of pomegranates to ethylene treatment and storage temperature. California Agriculture, July-August. pp. 14-15.
71. Kader, A. A., Zagory, D., & Kerbel, E. L. (1989). Modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables. CRC Critical Reviewers in Food Science and Nutrition, 28, 1-30.
72. Kim, K. M., Ko, J. A., Lee, J. S., Park, H. J., & Hanna, M. A. (2006). Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf-life of coated whole and sliced mushrooms. LWT Food Science and Technology, 39, 364-371.
73. Köksal, A. I. (1989). Research on the storage of pomegranate (cv. Gök Bahce) under different conditions. Acta Horticulturae, 258, 295-302.
74. Krumhar, K. C., & Karel, M. (1992). Visual indicator system. US Patent no 5096813. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (in United States).
75. Labuza, T. P. (1989). Active food packaging technologies. In W. E. L. Spiess & H. Schubert (Eds.), Preservation processes and related techniques. Engineering and Food, 2 (pp. 304-311). London: Elsevier.
76. Lakakul, R., Beaudry, R. M., & Hernandez, R. J. (1999). Modeling respiration of apple slices in modified atmosphere packages. Journal of Food Science, 64, 105-110.
77. Lange, J., & Wyser, Y. (2003). Recent innovation in barrier technologies for plastic packaging- a Review. Packaging Technology and Science, 16, 149-158.
78. Lansky, E., Shubert, S., & Neeman, I. (1998). Pharmacological and therapeutical properties of pomegranates. In P. Melgarejo & J. J. Martínez (Eds.), Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Pomegranate (pp. 231-235). Orihuela: CIHEAM.
79. Lee, L., Arul, J., Lencki, R., & Castaigne, F. (1995). A review on modified atmosphere packaging and preservation of fresh fruits and vegetables: physiological basis and practical aspects- part 1. Packaging Technology Science, 8, 315-331.
80. Leistner, L., & Gould, G. (2002). Hurdle technologies: Combination treatments for food stability, safety and quality. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
81. Levin, G. M. (2006). In Baer (Ed.), Pomegranate roads: a Soviet botanist's exile from Eden (pp. 15-183). Forestville: Floreat Press.
82. López-Briones, G., Varoquaux, P., Yves, C., Bouquant, J., Bureau, G., & Pascat, B. (1992). Storage of common mushroom under controlled atmospheres. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 27, 493-505.
83. López-Rubira, V., Conesa, A., Allende, A., & Artés, F. (2005). Shelf life and overall quality of minimally processed pomegranate arils modified atmosphere packaged and treated with UV-C. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 37, 174-185.
84. Mahajan, P. V., Oliveira, F. A. R., Montanez, J. C., & Frias, J. (2007). Development of user-friendly software for design of modified atmosphere packaging for fresh and fresh-cut produce. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 8, 84-92.
85. Malhotra, J., & Prasad, D. N. (1999). Role of carbon dioxide in enhancing the microbiological quality of perishable foods: a review. Microbiology Alims Nutritions, 17, 155-168.
86. Malik, A., Afaq, F., Sarfaraz, S., Adhami, V. M., Syed, D. N., & Mukhtar, H. (2005). Pomegranate fruit juice for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102, 14813-14818.
87. Mangaraj, S., Goswami, T. K., & Mahajan, P. V. (2009). Applications of plastic films for modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables: a review. Food Engineering Reviews, 1, 133-158.
88. Mirdehghan, S. H., Rahemi, M., Castillo, S., Martínez-Romero, D., Serrano, M., & Valero, D. (2007a). Pre-storage application of polyamines by pressure infiltration or immersion improves shelf-life of pomegranate stored at chilling temperature by increasing endogenous polyamine levels. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 44, 26-33.
89. Mirdehghan, S. H., Rahemi, M., Serrano, M., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., & Valero, D. (2007b). The application of polyamines by pressure or immersion as a tool to maintain functional properties in stored pomegranate arils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55, 755-760.
90. Muftuoǧlu, F., Ayhan, Z., & Esturk, O. (2010). Modified atmosphere packaging of Kabaaşi{dotless} Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L. 'Kabaaşi{dotless}'): effect of atmosphere, packaging material type and coating on the physicochemical properties and sensory quality. Food and Bioprocess Technology. doi: 10. 1007/s11947-010-0482-6.
91. Nambi, S., Nyalamadugu, S., Wentworth, S. M., & Chin, B. A. (2003). Radio frequency identification sensors. In: Proceedings of 7th World Multiconference on Systemic, Cybernetics and informatics, Dubna, Russia, 30 July-2 August 2003.
92. Nanda, S., Rao, D. V. S., & Krishnamurthy, S. (2001). Effect of shrink film wrapping and storage temperature on the shelf life and quality of pomegranate fruits cv. Ganesh. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 22, 61-69.
93. Neethirajan, S., Jaya, D. S., & Sadistap, S. (2009). Carbon dioxide sensors for the agric-food industry-a review. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2, 115-121.
94. Nerya, O., Gizis, A., Tsvilling, A., Gemarasni, D., Sharabi-Nov, A., & Ben-Arie, R. (2006). Controlled atmosphere storage of pomegranate. Acta Horticulturae, 712, 655-660.
95. Neurath, A. R., Strick, N., Li, Y., & Debnath, A. K. (2005). Punica granatum (pomegranate) juice provides an HIV-1 entry inhibitor and candidate topical microbicide. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1056, 311-327.
96. Noda, Y., Kaneyuki, T., Mori, A., & Packer, L. (2002). Antioxidant activities of pomegranate fruit extract and its anthocyanidins: delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 166-171.
97. Oms-Oliu, G., Hertog, MLATM, Soliva-Fortuny, R., Martín-Belloso, O., & Nicolaï, B. M. (2009). Recent developments in the use of modified atmosphere packaging for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. Stewart Postharvest Review, 5(4), 1-11(11).
98. Onur, C., Pekmezci, M., Tibet, H., Erkan, M., Gözlekci, S., & Tandogan, P. (1992). A research on cold storage of pomegranate cv. Hicaz. 1st National Horticultural Congress of Turkey, Izmir, Turkey, 13-16 Oct. 1992. pp. 449-452.
99. Opara, L. U., Al-Ani, M. R., & Al-Shuaibi, Y. S. (2009). Physico-chemical properties, vitamin C content, and antimicrobial properties of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.). Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2, 315-321.
100. Padule, D. N., & Keskar, B. G. (1988). Studies on postharvest treatments for increasing the shelf life of pomegranate fruits. Maharashtra Journal of Horticulture, 4, 73-76.
101. Palma, A., Schirra, M., D' Aquino, S., La Malfa, S., & Continella, G. (2009). Chemical properties changes in pomegranate seeds packaged in polypropylene trays. In: A. I. Özgüven (ed.) Proceedings of the 1st IS on pomegranate, vol 818. Acta Horticulturae, ISHS. pp. 1-4.
102. Paul, D. R., & Clarke, R. (2002). Modelling of modified atmosphere packaging based on designs with a membrane and perforations. Journal of Membrane Science, 208, 269-283.
103. Pereira, L. M., Rodrigues, A. C. C., Sarantópoulos, C. I. G. L., Junqueira, V. C. A., Cunha, R. L., & Hubinger, M. D. (2004). Influence of modified atmosphere packaging and osmotic dehydration on the quality maintenance of minimally processed guavas. Journal of Food Science, 69(4), 172-177.
104. Pesis, E., Dvir, O., Feygenberg, O., Arie, R. B., Ackerman, M., & Lichter, A. (2002). Production of acetaldehyde and ethanol during maturation and modified atmosphere storage of litchi fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 26, 157-165.
105. Petracek, P. D., Joles, D. W., Shirazi, A., & Cameron, A. C. (2002). Modified atmosphere packaging of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L., ev. 'Sams') fruit: metabolic responses to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and temperature. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 24, 259-270.
106. Phillips, C. A. (1996). Review: modified atmosphere packaging and its effects on the microbiological quality and safety of produce. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 31, 463-479.
107. Porat, R., Weiss, B., Fuchs, Y., Sandman, A., & Ward, G. (2009). Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging for preserving pomegranate fruit during prolonged storage and transport. In: A. I. Özgüven (ed.) Proceedings of the 1st IS on pomegranate, vol 818. Acta Horticulturae, ISHS. pp. 1-4.
108. Rai, D. R., Oberoi, H. S., & Baboo, B. (2002). Modified atmosphere packaging and its effect on quality and shelf-life of fruits and vegetable- an overview. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 39(3), 199-207.
109. Rocha, A. M. C. N., Barreiro, M. G., & Morais, A. M. M. B. (2004). Modified atmosphere package for apple 'Bravo de Esmolfe'. Journal of Food Control, 15(1), 61-64.
110. Rolle, R. S., & Chism, G. W., III. (1987). Physiological consequences of minimally processed fruits and vegetables. Journal of Food Quality, 10, 157-177.
111. Rosslenbroich, H. J., & Stuebler, D. (2000). Botrytis cinerea-history of chemical control and novel fungicides for its management. Crop Protection, 19, 557-561.
112. Roy, S. K., & Wasker, D. P. (1997). Pomegranate. In S. Mitra (Ed.), Postharvest physiology and storage of tropical and subtropical fruits (pp. 365-374). UK: CAB International.
113. Ryall, A. L., & Pentzer, W. T. (1974). Handling, transportation and storage of fruits and vegetables, vol 2 fruits and tree nuts. Westport: AVI Publishing.
114. Sadeghi, H., & Akbarpour, V. (2009). Liquid acrylic and polyamide plastic covering affect quality and storability of pomegranate (cv. Malas-e-Saveh). Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 7(3-4), 405-407.
115. Salunkle, D. K., & Desai, B. B. (1986). Low temperature storage of pomegranate fruits. In: Postharvest Biotechnology of fruits, vol. 2, pp 65-67. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
116. Sandhya. (2010). Modified atmosphere packaging of fresh produce: current status and future needs. Food Science and Technology, 43, 381-392.
117. Sanz, C., Pérez, A. G., Olías, R., & Olías, J. M. (1999). Quality of strawberries packed with perforated polypropylene. Journal of Food Science, 64(4), 748-752.
118. Saxena, A. K., Manan, J. K., & Berry, S. K. (1987). Pomegranates: post-harvest technology, chemistry and processing. Indian Food Packer, 41, 43-60.
119. Seeram, N., Lee, R., Hardy, M., & Heber, D. (2005). Rapid large scale purification of ellagitannins from pomegranate husk, a by-product of the commercial juice industry. Separation and Purification Technology, 41, 49-55.
120. Selman, J. D. (1995). Time-temperature indicators. In M. L. Rooney (Ed.), Active food packaging (pp. 215-237). Glasgow: Blackie.
121. Sepúlveda, E., Galletti, L., Sáenz, C., & Tapia, M. (2000). Minimal processing of pomegranate var. Wonderful. CIHEAM-Opitions Mediterraneennes, 42, 237-242.
122. Simón, A., Gonzalez-Fandos, E., & Tobar, V. (2005). The sensory and microbiological quality of fresh sliced mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) packaged in modified atmospheres. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 40(9), 943.
123. Singh, R. P. (2000). Scientific principles of shelf-life evaluation. In D. Man & A. Jones (Eds.), Shelf-life evaluation of food (pp. 3-22). Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers.
124. Singh, R. P., & Wells, J. H. (1985). Use of time-temperature indicators to monitor quality of frozen hamburger. Food Technology, 39(12), 42-50.
125. Siracusa, V., Rocculi, P., Romani, S., & Rosa, M. D. (2008). Biodegradable polymers for food packaging: a review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 19, 634-643.
126. Sivakumar, D., & Korsten, L. (2006). Influence of modified atmosphere packaging and post harvest treatments on quality retention of litchi cv. Mauritius. Postharvest Biology Technology, 41, 135-142.
127. Sivakumar, D., Arrebola, E., & Korsten, L. (2008). Postharvest decay control and quality retention in litchi (cv. McLean's red) by combined application of modified atmosphere packaging and antimicrobial agents. Crop Protection, 27, 1208-1214.
128. Smiddy, M., Fitzgerald, M., Kerry, J. P., Papkovsky, D. B., O'Sullivan, C. K., & Guilbault, G. G. (2002). Use of oxygen sensors to non-destructively measure the oxygen content in modified atmosphere and vacuum packed beef: impact of oxygen content on lipid oxidation. Meat Science, 61(3), 285-290.
129. Smolander, M., Alakomi, H.-L., Ritvanen, T., Vainionpaa, J., & Ahvenainen, R. (2004). Monitoring of the quality of modified atmosphere packaged broiler chicken cuts stored in different temperature conditions: time-temperature indicators as quality-indicating tools. Food Control, 15(3), 217-229.
130. Sneller, J. A. (1986). Smart films give big lift to controlled atmosphere packaging. Paper Film Converter, 12, 58-59.
131. Soliva-Fortuny, RC., & Martín-Belloso, O. (2003). New advances in extending the shelf-life of fresh-cut fruits: a review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 14, 341-353.
132. Sonawane, C. S., Utikar, P. G., & Shinde, P. A. (1986). Postharvest fungal flora of pomegranate. Journal of the Agricultural University, Maharashtra, 11, 107-110.
133. Summers, L. (1992). Intelligent packaging. London: Centre for Exploitation of Science and Technology.
134. Sumner, M. D., Elliott-Eller, M., Weidner, G., Daubenmier, J. J., Chew, M. H., Marlin, R., et al. (2005). Effects of pomegranate juice consumption on myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary heart disease. The American Journal of Cardiology, 96, 810-814.
135. Tano, K., Oulé, M. K., Doyon, G., Lencki, R. W., & Arul, J. (2007). Comparative evaluation of the effect of storage temperature fluctuation on modified atmosphere packages of selected fruit and vegetables. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 46, 212-221.
136. Taoukis, P. S., & Labuza, T. P. (2003). Time-temperature indicators (TTIs). In R. Ahvenainen (Ed.), Novel food packaging techniques (pp. 103-126). Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited.
137. Taoukis, P. S., Fu, B., & Labuza, T. P. (1991). Time-temperature indicators. Food Technology, 45(10), 70-82.
138. Techavises, N., & Hikida, Y. (2008). Development of mathematical model for simulating gas and water vapour exchanges in modified atmosphere packaging with macroscopic perforations. Journal of Food Engineering, 85, 94-104.
139. Tolle, W. E. (1962). Variables affecting film permeability requirements for modified-atmosphere storage of apples. USDA Technical Bulletins. pp. 1418-1429.
140. Treglazova, N. V., & Fataliev, A. T. (1989). The effect of treatment with calcium chloride on pomegranate fruit storage. Sadovodstva i Vinogradarstvo, 9, 25-27.
141. Tsuda, T., Watanabe, M., Ohshima, K., Norinobu, S., Choi, S., Kawakishi, S., et al. (1994). Antioxidative activity of the anthocyanin pigments cyanidin 3-O-β-d glucoside and cyanidin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 42, 2407-2410.
142. Varoquaux, P., Gouble, B., Barron, C., & Yildiz, F. (1999). Respiratory parameters and sugar catabolism of mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.). Postharvest Biology and Technology, 16, 51-61.
143. Vyas, N. L., & Panwar, K. S. (1976). A new post-harvest disease of pomegranate in India. Current Science, 45, 76.
144. Want, R. (2004). RFID: a key to automating everything. Scientific America, 290(1), 56-65.
145. Willcox, F. (1995). Evaluation of microbial and visual quality of minimally processed foods: a case study on the product life cycle of cut endive. Doctoral thesis. Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
146. Yahia, E. M. (2006). Modified and controlled atmosphere for tropical fruits. Stewart Postharvest Review, 5(6), 1-10.
147. Yam, K. L., Takhistov, P. T., & Miltz, J. (2005). Intelligent packaging: concept and applications. Journal of Food Science, 70(1), R1-R10.
148. Zarei, M., Azizi, M., & Bashiri-Sadr, Z. (2010). Studies on physic-chemical properties and bioactive compounds of six pomegranate cultivars grown in Iran. Journal of Food Technology, 8(3), 112-117.
149. Zeman, S., & Kubík, L'. (2007). Permeability of polymeric packaging materials. Technical Sciences, No. 10, 26-34.