From pancreatic islets to central nervous system, the importance of glutamate dehydrogenase for the control of energy homeostasis

Neurochemistry International

Volumn 59, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 510-517

  Karaca, Melis ^a   Frigerio, Francesca ^a   Maechler, Pierre ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Central nervous system; Glutamate dehydrogenase; Insulin secretion; Mitochondria; Pancreatic cells

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE; AMMONIA; GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; NEUROTRANSMITTER; SIRTUIN 4;

BRAIN FUNCTION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; ENERGY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME REGULATION; GENETICS; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PANCREAS ISLET BETA CELL; PANCREAS ISLET CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 80955180552     PISSN: 01970186     EISSN: 18729754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.03.024     Document Type: Article

References (121)

1. M. Aarts, K. Iihara, W.L. Wei, Z.G. Xiong, M. Arundine, W. Cerwinski, J.F. MacDonald, and M. Tymianski A key role for TRPM7 channels in anoxic neuronal death Cell 115 2003 863 877 (Pubitemid 38058498)
2. N. Ahuja, B. Schwer, S. Carobbio, D. Waltregny, B.J. North, V. Castronovo, P. Maechler, and E. Verdin Regulation of insulin secretion by SIRT4, a mitochondrial ADP-ribosyltransferase J. Biol. Chem. 282 2007 33583 33592 (Pubitemid 350159524)
3. C.M. Anderson, and R.A. Swanson Astrocyte glutamate transport: review of properties, regulation, and physiological functions Glia 32 2000 1 14
4. M. Ankarcrona, J.M. Dypbukt, E. Bonfoco, B. Zhivotovsky, S. Orrenius, S.A. Lipton, and P. Nicotera Glutamate-induced neuronal death: a succession of necrosis or apoptosis depending on mitochondrial function Neuron 15 1995 961 973
5. P.A. Antinozzi, H. Ishihara, C.B. Newgard, and C.B. Wollheim Mitochondrial metabolism sets the maximal limit of fuel-stimulated insulin secretion in a model pancreatic beta cell: a survey of four fuel secretagogues J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 11746 11755 (Pubitemid 34952729)
6. C. Aoki, T.A. Milner, S.B. Berger, K.F. Sheu, J.P. Blass, and V.M. Pickel Glial glutamate dehydrogenase: ultrastructural localization and regional distribution in relation to the mitochondrial enzyme, cytochrome oxidase J. Neurosci. Res. 18 1987 305 318 (Pubitemid 18016459)
7. C. Argmann, and J. Auwerx Insulin secretion: SIRT4 gets in on the act Cell 126 2006 837 839 (Pubitemid 44310791)
8. M. Arundine, and M. Tymianski Molecular mechanisms of glutamate-dependent neurodegeneration in ischemia and traumatic brain injury Cell Mol. Life Sci. 61 2004 657 668 (Pubitemid 38446410)
9. L. Bai, X. Zhang, and F.K. Ghishan Characterization of vesicular glutamate transporter in pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells and its regulation by glucose Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 284 2003 G808 814
10. A. Banerjee, H.R. Levy, G.C. Levy, C. LiMuti, B.M. Goldstein, and J.E. Bell A transfer nuclear Overhauser effect study of coenzyme binding to distinct sites in binary and ternary complexes in glutamate dehydrogenase Biochemistry 26 1987 8443 8450 (Pubitemid 18023080)
11. M. Baudry, and G. Lynch Regulation of glutamate receptors by cations Nature 282 1979 748 750 (Pubitemid 10215217)
12. P.M. Bayley, and K.T. O'Neill The binding of oxidised coenzyme to bovine-liver glutamate dehydrogenase studied by circular-difference spectroscopy Eur. J. Biochem. 112 1980 521 531
13. G. Bertrand, N. Ishiyama, M. Nenquin, M.A. Ravier, and J.C. Henquin The elevation of glutamate content and the amplification of insulin secretion in glucose-stimulated pancreatic islets are not causally related J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 32883 32891 (Pubitemid 34984801)
14. G. Bertrand, R. Puech, M.M. Loubatieres-Mariani, and J. Bockaert Glutamate stimulates insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in rats Am. J. Physiol. 269 1995 E551 556
15. C. Broca, L. Brennan, P. Petit, P. Newsholme, and P. Maechler Mitochondria-derived glutamate at the interplay between branched-chain amino acid and glucose-induced insulin secretion FEBS Lett. 545 2003 167 172 (Pubitemid 36694695)
16. J.T. Brosnan Glutamate, at the interface between amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism J. Nutr. 130 2000 988S 990S (Pubitemid 30173630)
17. J. Bryla, M. Michalik, J. Nelson, and M. Erecinska Regulation of the glutamate dehydrogenase activity in rat islets of Langerhans and its consequence on insulin release Metabolism 43 1994 1187 1195 (Pubitemid 24286584)
18. F. Burki, and H. Kaessmann Birth and adaptive evolution of a hominoid gene that supports high neurotransmitter flux Nat. Genet. 36 2004 1061 1063 (Pubitemid 41184466)
19. W. Cammer Glutamine synthetase in the central nervous system is not confined to astrocytes J. Neuroimmunol. 26 1990 173 178 (Pubitemid 20023724)
20. S. Carobbio, F. Frigerio, B. Rubi, L. Vetterli, M. Bloksgaard, A. Gjinovci, S. Pournourmohammadi, P.L. Herrera, W. Reith, S. Mandrup, and P. Maechler Deletion of glutamate dehydrogenase in beta-cells abolishes part of the insulin secretory response not required for glucose homeostasis J. Biol. Chem. 284 2009 921 929
21. S. Carobbio, H. Ishihara, S. Fernandez-Pascual, C. Bartley, R. Martin-Del-Rio, and P. Maechler Insulin secretion profiles are modified by overexpression of glutamate dehydrogenase in pancreatic islets Diabetologia 47 2004 266 276 (Pubitemid 38315363)
22. M. Casimir, F.M. Lasorsa, B. Rubi, D. Caille, F. Palmieri, P. Meda, and P. Maechler Mitochondrial glutamate carrier GC1 as a newly identified player in the control of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion J. Biol. Chem. 284 2009 25004 25014
23. M. Casimir, B. Rubi, F. Frigerio, G. Chaffard, and P. Maechler Silencing of the mitochondrial NADH shuttle component aspartate-glutamate carrier AGC1/Aralar1 in INS-1E cells and rat islets Biochem. J. 424 2009 459 466
24. S.W. Cho, H.Y. Yoon, J.Y. Ahn, S.Y. Choi, and T.U. Kim Identification of an NAD+ binding site of brain glutamate dehydrogenase isoproteins by photoaffinity labeling J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 31125 31130 (Pubitemid 28533123)
25. D.W. Choi Bench to bedside: the glutamate connection Science 258 1992 241 243
26. M.M. Choi, J.W. Huh, S.J. Yang, E.H. Cho, S.Y. Choi, and S.W. Cho Identification of ADP-ribosylation site in human glutamate dehydrogenase isozymes FEBS Lett. 579 2005 4125 4130
27. P.T. Clayton, S. Eaton, A. Aynsley-Green, M. Edginton, K. Hussain, S. Krywawych, V. Datta, H.E. Malingre, R. Berger, and I.E. van den Berg Hyperinsulinism in short-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency reveals the importance of beta-oxidation in insulin secretion J. Clin. Invest. 108 2001 457 465 (Pubitemid 32730792)
28. G.W. Cline, R.L. Lepine, K.K. Papas, R.G. Kibbey, and G.I. Shulman 13C NMR isotopomer analysis of anaplerotic pathways in INS-1 cells J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 44370 44375 (Pubitemid 39430841)
29. S. Cohen, and M.E. Greenberg Communication between the synapse and the nucleus in neuronal development, plasticity, and disease Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 24 2008 183 209
30. A.J. Cooper, E. Nieves, A.E. Coleman, S. Filc-DeRicco, and A.S. Gelbard Short-term metabolic fate of [13N]ammonia in rat liver in vivo J. Biol. Chem. 262 1987 1073 1080 (Pubitemid 17028415)
31. C.W. Cotman, D.T. Monaghan, and A.H. Ganong Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission: NMDA receptors and Hebb-type synaptic plasticity Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 11 1988 61 80 (Pubitemid 18081033)
32. G. Deferrari, G. Garibotto, C. Robaudo, S. Saffioti, R. Russo, M.R. Sala, M. Bruzzone, and A. Tizianello Renal ammoniagenesis and interorgan flow of glutamine in chronic metabolic acidosis Contrib. Nephrol. 110 1994 144 149
33. E.S. Di Cairano, A.M. Davalli, L. Perego, S. Sala, V.F. Sacchi, S. La Rosa, G. Finzi, C. Placidi, C. Capella, P. Conti, V.E. Centonze, F. Casiraghi, F. Bertuzzi, F. Folli, and C. Perego The glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) is expressed by pancreatic {beta}-cells and prevents glutamate-induced {beta}-cell death J. Biol. Chem. 286 2011 14007 14018
34. J. Drejer, O.M. Larsson, E. Kvamme, G. Svenneby, L. Hertz, and A. Schousboe Ontogenetic development of glutamate metabolizing enzymes in cultured cerebellar granule cells and in cerebellum in vivo Neurochem. Res. 10 1985 49 62 (Pubitemid 15140709)
35. G.E. DuBois Unraveling the biochemistry of sweet and umami tastes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 2004 13972 13973
36. M.R. Duchen Roles of mitochondria in health and disease Diabetes 53 Suppl. 1 2004 S96 102
37. K. Eto, T. Yamashita, K. Hirose, Y. Tsubamoto, E.K. Ainscow, G.A. Rutter, S. Kimura, M. Noda, M. Iino, and T. Kadowaki Glucose metabolism and glutamate analog acutely alkalinize pH of insulin secretory vesicles of pancreatic {beta}-cells Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 285 2003 E262 E271 (Pubitemid 36899698)
38. L.A. Fahien, M.J. MacDonald, E.H. Kmiotek, R.J. Mertz, and C.M. Fahien Regulation of insulin release by factors that also modify glutamate dehydrogenase J. Biol. Chem. 263 1988 13610 13614
39. S.E. Farinelli, and W.J. Nicklas Glutamate metabolism in rat cortical astrocyte cultures J. Neurochem. 58 1992 1905 1915
40. H.F. Fisher l-Glutamate dehydrogenase from bovine liver Methods Enzymol. 113 1985 16 27 (Pubitemid 16195763)
41. F. Frigerio, M. Casimir, S. Carobbio, and P. Maechler Tissue specificity of mitochondrial glutamate pathways and the control of metabolic homeostasis Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1777 2008 965 972
42. A. George, and J.E. Bell Effects of adenosine 5′-diphosphate on bovine glutamate dehydrogenase: diethyl pyrocarbonate modification Biochemistry 19 1980 6057 6061
43. C.A. Ghiani, L. Beltran-Parrazal, D.M. Sforza, J.S. Malvar, A. Seksenyan, R. Cole, D.J. Smith, A. Charles, P.A. Ferchmin, and J. de Vellis Genetic program of neuronal differentiation and growth induced by specific activation of NMDA receptors Neurochem. Res. 32 2007 363 376 (Pubitemid 46238882)
44. M.C. Haigis, R. Mostoslavsky, K.M. Haigis, K. Fahie, D.C. Christodoulou, A.J. Murphy, D.M. Valenzuela, G.D. Yancopoulos, M. Karow, G. Blander, C. Wolberger, T.A. Prolla, R. Weindruch, F.W. Alt, and L. Guarente SIRT4 inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase and opposes the effects of calorie restriction in pancreatic beta cells Cell 126 2006 941 954 (Pubitemid 44321935)
45. A.C. Hamberger, G.H. Chiang, E.S. Nylen, S.W. Scheff, and C.W. Cotman Glutamate as a CNS transmitter. I. Evaluation of glucose and glutamine as precursors for the synthesis of preferentially released glutamate Brain Res. 168 1979 513 530 (Pubitemid 9179347)
46. F.A. Henn, M.N. Goldstein, and A. Hamberger Uptake of the neurotransmitter candidate glutamate by glia Nature 249 1974 663 664
47. J.C. Henquin Triggering and amplifying pathways of regulation of insulin secretion by glucose Diabetes 49 2000 1751 1760
48. A. Herrero-Yraola, S.M. Bakhit, P. Franke, C. Weise, M. Schweiger, D. Jorcke, and M. Ziegler Regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase by reversible ADP-ribosylation in mitochondria EMBO J. 20 2001 2404 2412 (Pubitemid 32452858)
49. M. Hoy, P. Maechler, A.M. Efanov, C.B. Wollheim, P.O. Berggren, and J. Gromada Increase in cellular glutamate levels stimulates exocytosis in pancreatic beta-cells FEBS Lett. 531 2002 199 203 (Pubitemid 35341194)
50. R.C. Hudson, and R.M. Daniel L-glutamate dehydrogenases: distribution, properties and mechanism Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B 106 1993 767 792
51. M. Iwatsubo, and D. Pantaloni Regulation of the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase by effectors GTP and ADP: study by means of "stopped flow" Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. (Paris) 49 1967 1563 1572
52. P.M. Jones, and S.J. Persaud Protein kinases, protein phosphorylation, and the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells Endocr. Rev. 19 1998 429 461 (Pubitemid 29116376)
53. K. Kanavouras, V. Mastorodemos, N. Borompokas, C. Spanaki, and A. Plaitakis Properties and molecular evolution of human GLUD2 (neural and testicular tissue-specific) glutamate dehydrogenase J. Neurosci. Res. 85 2007 1101 1109 (Pubitemid 46580351)
54. H. Komuro, and P. Rakic Modulation of neuronal migration by NMDA receptors Science 260 1993 95 97 (Pubitemid 23122752)
55. A. Kowluru, H.Q. Chen, L.M. Modrick, and C. Stefanelli Activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by a glutamate- and magnesium-sensitive protein phosphatase in the islet beta-cell Diabetes 50 2001 1580 1587 (Pubitemid 33639598)
56. R.H. Lark, and R.F. Colman Distance between the substrate and regulatory reduced coenzyme binding sites of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase by resonance energy transfer Eur. J. Biochem. 188 1990 377 383 (Pubitemid 20106252)
57. E.Y. Lee, H.Y. Yoon, J.Y. Ahn, S.Y. Choi, and S.W. Cho Identification of the GTP binding site of human glutamate dehydrogenase by cassette mutagenesis and photoaffinity labeling J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 47930 47936
58. K.H. Lee, W.J. Lee, S.J. Yang, J.W. Huh, J. Choi, H.N. Hong, O. Hwang, and S.W. Cho Inhibitory effects of Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract on glutamate formation and glutamate dehydrogenase activity in cultured islets Mol. Cells 17 2004 509 514 (Pubitemid 39137112)
59. M. Lehtihet, R.E. Honkanen, and A. Sjoholm Glutamate inhibits protein phosphatases and promotes insulin exocytosis in pancreatic beta-cells Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 328 2005 601 607 (Pubitemid 40208354)
60. C. Li, A. Allen, J. Kwagh, N.M. Doliba, W. Qin, H. Najafi, H.W. Collins, F.M. Matschinsky, C.A. Stanley, and T.J. Smith Green tea polyphenols modulate insulin secretion by inhibiting glutamate dehydrogenase J. Biol. Chem. 281 2006 10214 10221 (Pubitemid 43864558)
61. C. Li, P. Chen, A. Palladino, S. Narayan, L.K. Russell, S. Sayed, G. Xiong, J. Chen, D. Stokes, Y.M. Butt, P.M. Jones, H.W. Collins, N.A. Cohen, A.S. Cohen, I. Nissim, T.J. Smith, A.W. Strauss, F.M. Matschinsky, M.J. Bennett, and C.A. Stanley Mechanism of hyperinsulinism in short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency involves activation of glutamate dehydrogenase J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 31806 31818
62. C. Li, A. Matter, A. Kelly, T.J. Petty, H. Najafi, C. MacMullen, Y. Daikhin, I. Nissim, A. Lazarow, J. Kwagh, H.W. Collins, B.Y. Hsu, M. Yudkoff, F.M. Matschinsky, and C.A. Stanley Effects of a GTP-insensitive mutation of glutamate dehydrogenase on insulin secretion in transgenic mice J. Biol. Chem. 281 2006 15064 15072 (Pubitemid 43855095)
63. C. MacMullen, J. Fang, B.Y. Hsu, A. Kelly, P. de Lonlay-Debeney, J.M. Saudubray, A. Ganguly, T.J. Smith, and C.A. Stanley Hyperinsulinism/ hyperammonemia syndrome in children with regulatory mutations in the inhibitory guanosine triphosphate-binding domain of glutamate dehydrogenase J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86 2001 1782 1787 (Pubitemid 32374938)
64. P. Maechler, S. Carobbio, and B. Rubi In beta-cells, mitochondria integrate and generate metabolic signals controlling insulin secretion Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 38 2006 696 709 (Pubitemid 43372052)
65. P. Maechler, and C.B. Wollheim Mitochondrial glutamate acts as a messenger in glucose-induced insulin exocytosis Nature 402 1999 685 689 (Pubitemid 129516341)
66. W.J. Malaisse, A. Sener, A.R. Carpinelli, K. Anjaneyulu, P. Lebrun, A. Herchuelz, and J. Christophe The stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release. XLVI. Physiological role of l-glutamine as a fuel for pancreatic islets Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 20 1980 171 189 (Pubitemid 10029594)
67. A. Martinez-Hernandez, K.P. Bell, and M.D. Norenberg Glutamine synthetase: glial localization in brain Science 195 1977 1356 1358 (Pubitemid 8056735)
68. S. Matsumoto, T. Okitsu, Y. Iwanaga, H. Noguchi, H. Nagata, Y. Yonekawa, Y. Yamada, K. Fukuda, K. Tsukiyama, H. Suzuki, Y. Kawasaki, M. Shimodaira, K. Matsuoka, T. Shibata, Y. Kasai, T. Maekawa, J. Shapiro, and K. Tanaka Insulin independence after living-donor distal pancreatectomy and islet allotransplantation Lancet 365 2005 1642 1644 (Pubitemid 40693414)
69. M.L. Mayer, G.L. Westbrook, and P.B. Guthrie Voltage-dependent block by Mg2+ of NMDA responses in spinal cord neurones Nature 309 1984 261 263 (Pubitemid 14139936)
70. J.G. McCormack, A.P. Halestrap, and R.M. Denton Role of calcium ions in regulation of mammalian intramitochondrial metabolism Physiol. Rev. 70 1990 391 425 (Pubitemid 20140186)
71. W.J. McEntee, and T.H. Crook Glutamate: its role in learning, memory, and the aging brain Psychopharmacology (Berl) 111 1993 391 401 (Pubitemid 23205661)
72. M.C. McKenna, U. Sonnewald, X. Huang, J. Stevenson, and H.R. Zielke Exogenous glutamate concentration regulates the metabolic fate of glutamate in astrocytes J. Neurochem. 66 1996 386 393 (Pubitemid 26010804)
73. T.M. Michaelidis, G. Tzimagiorgis, N.K. Moschonas, and J. Papamatheakis The human glutamate dehydrogenase gene family: gene organization and structural characterization Genomics 16 1993 150 160 (Pubitemid 23123803)
74. E.K. Michaelis Molecular biology of glutamate receptors in the central nervous system and their role in excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and aging Prog. Neurobiol. 54 1998 369 415 (Pubitemid 28085741)
75. Y. Miki, T. Taki, T. Ohura, H. Kato, M. Yanagisawa, and Y. Hayashi Novel missense mutations in the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in the congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome J. Pediatr. 136 2000 69 72 (Pubitemid 30468560)
76. N. Nasrin, X. Wu, E. Fortier, Y. Feng, O.C. Bare, S. Chen, X. Ren, Z. Wu, R.S. Streeper, and L. Bordone SIRT4 regulates fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial gene expression in liver and muscle cells J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 31995 32002
77. M. Nedergaard, T. Takano, and A.J. Hansen Beyond the role of glutamate as a neurotransmitter Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3 2002 748 755 (Pubitemid 135706680)
78. P. Newsholme, L. Brennan, B. Rubi, and P. Maechler New insights into amino acid metabolism, beta-cell function and diabetes Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 108 2005 185 194 (Pubitemid 40343565)
79. I. Nissim Newer aspects of glutamine/glutamate metabolism: the role of acute pH changes Am. J. Physiol. 277 1999 F493 497
80. C.R. Noback, and W. Montagna The primate brain: the evolution of mental genes Adv. Primatol. 1970 1
81. O.E. Owen, S.C. Kalhan, and R.W. Hanson The key role of anaplerosis and cataplerosis for citric acid cycle function J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 30409 30412 (Pubitemid 34970728)
82. U. Panten, S. Zielmann, J. Langer, B.J. Zunkler, and S. Lenzen Regulation of insulin secretion by energy metabolism in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria. Studies with a non-metabolizable leucine analogue Biochem. J. 219 1984 189 196 (Pubitemid 14171464)
83. A.J. Patel, A. Hunt, R.D. Gordon, and R. Balazs The activities in different neural cell types of certain enzymes associated with the metabolic compartmentation glutamate Brain Res. 256 1982 3 11 (Pubitemid 12062960)
84. P.E. Peterson, and T.J. Smith The structure of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase provides insights into the mechanism of allostery Structure 7 1999 769 782 (Pubitemid 29329848)
85. A. Plaitakis, W.J. Nicklas, and R.J. Desnick Glutamate dehydrogenase deficiency in three patients with spinocerebellar syndrome Ann. Neurol. 7 1980 297 303 (Pubitemid 10112821)
86. A. Plaitakis, C. Spanaki, V. Mastorodemos, and I. Zaganas Study of structure-function relationships in human glutamate dehydrogenases reveals novel molecular mechanisms for the regulation of the nerve tissue-specific (GLUD2) isoenzyme Neurochem. Int. 43 2003 401 410 (Pubitemid 36561294)
87. S. Poitry, C. Poitry-Yamate, J. Ueberfeld, P.R. MacLeish, and M. Tsacopoulos Mechanisms of glutamate metabolic signaling in retinal glial (Muller) cells J. Neurosci. 20 2000 1809 1821 (Pubitemid 30220378)
88. R.P. Robertson, K.J. Lanz, D.E. Sutherland, and E.R. Seaquist Relationship between diabetes and obesity 9 to 18 years after hemipancreatectomy and transplantation in donors and recipients Transplantation 73 2002 736 741 (Pubitemid 34260569)
89. F. Rothe, M. Brosz, and J. Storm-Mathisen Quantitative ultrastructural localization of glutamate dehydrogenase in the rat cerebellar cortex Neuroscience 62 1994 1133 1146 (Pubitemid 24335607)
90. F. Rothe, G. Wolf, and G. Schunzel Immunohistochemical demonstration of glutamate dehydrogenase in the postnatally developing rat hippocampal formation and cerebellar cortex: comparison to activity staining Neuroscience 39 1990 419 429
91. B. Rubi, A. del Arco, C. Bartley, J. Satrustegui, and P. Maechler The malate-aspartate NADH shuttle member Aralar1 determines glucose metabolic fate, mitochondrial activity, and insulin secretion in beta cells J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 55659 55666 (Pubitemid 40066570)
92. B. Rubi, H. Ishihara, F.G. Hegardt, C.B. Wollheim, and P. Maechler GAD65-mediated glutamate decarboxylation reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 36391 36396
93. R. Santer, M. Kinner, M. Passarge, A. Superti-Furga, E. Mayatepek, T. Meissner, R. Schneppenheim, and J. Schaub Novel missense mutations outside the allosteric domain of glutamate dehydrogenase are prevalent in European patients with the congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome Hum. Genet. 108 2001 66 71 (Pubitemid 32140545)
94. A. Schmitt, and P. Kugler Cellular and regional expression of glutamate dehydrogenase in the rat nervous system: non-radioactive in situ hybridization and comparative immunocytochemistry Neuroscience 92 1999 293 308 (Pubitemid 29249039)
95. R. Schwarcz, and B. Meldrum Excitatory aminoacid antagonists provide a therapeutic approach to neurological disorders Lancet 2 1985 140 143 (Pubitemid 15046304)
96. A. Sener, F. Malaisse-Lagae, and W.J. Malaisse Stimulation of pancreatic islet metabolism and insulin release by a nonmetabolizable amino acid Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 1981 5460 5464 (Pubitemid 12248606)
97. A. Sener, and W.J. Malaisse L-leucine and a nonmetabolized analogue activate pancreatic islet glutamate dehydrogenase Nature 288 1980 187 189 (Pubitemid 11212612)
98. A. Sener, A. Owen, F. Malaisse-Lagae, and W.J. Malaisse The stimulus-secretion coupling of amino acid-induced insulin release. XI. Kinetics of deamination and transamination reactions Horm. Metab. Res. 14 1982 405 409 (Pubitemid 12046899)
99. P. Shashidharan, T.M. Michaelidis, N.K. Robakis, A. Kresovali, J. Papamatheakis, and A. Plaitakis Novel human glutamate dehydrogenase expressed in neural and testicular tissues and encoded by an X-linked intronless gene J. Biol. Chem. 269 1994 16971 16976 (Pubitemid 24200466)
100. T.J. Smith, P.E. Peterson, T. Schmidt, J. Fang, and C.A. Stanley Structures of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexes elucidate the mechanism of purine regulation J. Mol. Biol. 307 2001 707 720 (Pubitemid 33027686)
101. T.J. Smith, and C.A. Stanley Untangling the glutamate dehydrogenase allosteric nightmare Trends Biochem. Sci. 33 2008 557 564
102. U. Sonnewald, N. Westergaard, and A. Schousboe Glutamate transport and metabolism in astrocytes Glia 21 1997 56 63 (Pubitemid 27389640)
103. C. Spanaki, I. Zaganas, K.A. Kleopa, and A. Plaitakis Human GLUD2 glutamate dehydrogenase is expressed in neural and testicular supporting cells J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 16748 16756
104. R. Spreafico, C. Frassoni, P. Arcelli, G. Battaglia, R.J. Wenthold, and S. De Biasi Distribution of AMPA selective glutamate receptors in the thalamus of adult rats and during postnatal development. A light and ultrastructural immunocytochemical study Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 82 1994 231 244 (Pubitemid 24318301)
105. C.A. Stanley, J. Fang, K. Kutyna, B.Y. Hsu, J.E. Ming, B. Glaser, and M. Poncz Molecular basis and characterization of the hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome: predominance of mutations in exons 11 and 12 of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. HI/HA contributing investigators Diabetes 49 2000 667 673 (Pubitemid 30183758)
106. C.A. Stanley, Y.K. Lieu, B.Y. Hsu, A.B. Burlina, C.R. Greenberg, N.J. Hopwood, K. Perlman, B.H. Rich, E. Zammarchi, and M. Poncz Hyperinsulinism and hyperammonemia in infants with regulatory mutations of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene N. Engl. J. Med. 338 1998 1352 1357 (Pubitemid 28216664)
107. W. Stoffel, R. Korner, D. Wachtmann, and B.U. Keller Functional analysis of glutamate transporters in excitatory synaptic transmission of GLAST1 and GLAST1/EAAC1 deficient mice Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 128 2004 170 181 (Pubitemid 39206301)
108. T. Storck, S. Schulte, K. Hofmann, and W. Stoffel Structure, expression, and functional analysis of a Na(+)-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter from rat brain Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 1992 10955 10959
109. M. Storto, L. Capobianco, G. Battaglia, G. Molinaro, R. Gradini, B. Riozzi, A. Di Mambro, K.J. Mitchell, V. Bruno, M.P. Vairetti, G.A. Rutter, and F. Nicoletti Insulin secretion is controlled by mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors Mol. Pharmacol. 69 2006 1234 1241
110. Y. Tanizawa, K. Nakai, T. Sasaki, T. Anno, Y. Ohta, H. Inoue, K. Matsuo, M. Koga, S. Furukawa, and Y. Oka Unregulated elevation of glutamate dehydrogenase activity induces glutamine-stimulated insulin secretion: identification and characterization of a GLUD1 gene mutation and insulin secretion studies with MIN6 cells overexpressing the mutant glutamate dehydrogenase Diabetes 51 2002 712 717 (Pubitemid 34760180)
111. J.R. Treberg, M.E. Brosnan, M. Watford, and J.T. Brosnan On the reversibility of glutamate dehydrogenase and the source of hyperammonemia in the hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome Adv. Enzyme Regul. 50 2010 34 43
112. J.R. Treberg, K.A. Clow, K.A. Greene, M.E. Brosnan, and J.T. Brosnan Systemic activation of glutamate dehydrogenase increases renal ammoniagenesis: implications for the hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 298 2010 E1219 1225
113. S. Uehara, A. Muroyama, N. Echigo, R. Morimoto, M. Otsuka, S. Yatsushiro, and Y. Moriyama Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 4 is involved in autoinhibitory cascade for glucagon secretion by alpha-cells of islet of langerhans Diabetes 53 2004 998 1006 (Pubitemid 38436612)
114. R.A. Waniewski, and D.L. Martin Exogenous glutamate is metabolized to glutamine and exported by rat primary astrocyte cultures J. Neurochem. 47 1986 304 313 (Pubitemid 16069204)
115. M. Watford Glutamine and glutamate metabolism across the liver sinusoid J. Nutr. 130 2000 983S 987S (Pubitemid 30173629)
116. R.J. Wenthold, R.A. Altschuler, K.K. Skaggs, and K.A. Reeks Immunocytochemical characterization of glutamate dehydrogenase in the cerebellum of the rat J. Neurochem. 48 1987 636 643 (Pubitemid 17005179)
117. S.J. Yang, H.G. Hahn, S.Y. Choi, and S.W. Cho Inhibitory effects of KHG26377 on glutamate dehydrogenase activity in cultured islets BMB Rep. 43 2010 245 249
118. S.J. Yang, J.W. Huh, M.J. Kim, W.J. Lee, T.U. Kim, S.Y. Choi, and S.W. Cho Regulatory effects of 5′-deoxypyridoxal on glutamate dehydrogenase activity and insulin secretion in pancreatic islets Biochimie 85 2003 581 586 (Pubitemid 36798232)
119. H.Y. Yoon, E.H. Cho, H.Y. Kwon, S.Y. Choi, and S.W. Cho Importance of glutamate 279 for the coenzyme binding of human glutamate dehydrogenase J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 41448 41454 (Pubitemid 35257446)
120. T. Yorifuji, J. Muroi, A. Uematsu, H. Hiramatsu, and T. Momoi Hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome caused by mutant glutamate dehydrogenase accompanied by novel enzyme kinetics Hum. Genet. 104 1999 476 479 (Pubitemid 29370922)
121. A.C. Yu, A. Schousboe, and L. Hertz Metabolic fate of 14C-labeled glutamate in astrocytes in primary cultures J. Neurochem. 39 1982 954 960 (Pubitemid 13200014)