Safety at Work: A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Link Between Job Demands, Job Resources, Burnout, Engagement, and Safety Outcomes

Journal of Applied Psychology

Volumn 96, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 71-94

  Nahrgang, Jennifer D ^a   Morgeson, Frederick P ^b   Hofmann, David A ^c  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

Job demands; Job resources; Meta analysis; Safety climate; Workplace safety

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BURNOUT; HUMAN; INDUSTRY; MANPOWER; META ANALYSIS; OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RISK FACTOR; SAFETY; STANDARD; STATISTICS; WORKPLACE;

ACCIDENTS, OCCUPATIONAL; BURNOUT, PROFESSIONAL; HUMANS; INDUSTRY; RISK FACTORS; SAFETY; SAFETY MANAGEMENT; WORKPLACE;

EID: 79251497337     PISSN: 00219010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0021484     Document Type: Article

References (241)

1. Alhemood A.M., Genaidy A.M., Shell R., Gunn M., Shoaf C. Towards a model of safety climate measurement. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2004, 10:303-318.
2. Andriessen J.H. Safe behavior and safety motivation. Journal of Occupational Accidents 1978, 1:363-376. doi: 10.1016/0376-6349(78)90006-8.
3. Arboleda A., Morrow P.C., Crum M.R., Shelley M.C. Management practices as antecedents of safety culture within the trucking industry: Similarities and differences by hierarchical level. Journal of Safety Research 2003, 34:189-197. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(02)00071-3.
4. Arcury T.A., Quandt S.A., Russell G.B. Pesticide safety among farmworkers: Perceived risk and perceived control as factors reflecting environmental justice. Environmental Health Perspectives 2002, 110:233-240.
5. Arezes P.M., Miguel A.S. Individual perception of noise exposure and hearing protection in industry. Human Factors 2005, 47:683-692. doi: 10.1518/001872005775570934.
6. Arezes P.M., Miguel A.S. Risk perception and safety behaviour: A study in an occupational environment. Safety Science 2008, 46:900-907. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.11.008.
7. Armstrong K.J., Laschinger H. Structural empowerment, magnet hospital characteristics, and patient safety culture: Making the link. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 2006, 21:124-132.
8. Arocena P., Nunez I., Villanueva M. The impact of prevention measures and organisational factors on occupational injuries. Safety Science 2008, 46:1369-1384. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.09.003.
9. Attwood D., Khan F., Veitch B. Offshore oil and gas occupational accidents: What is important?. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2006, 19:386-398. doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2005.10.006.
10. Baas J.R. An exploratory study of the role of trust in safety climates and overall safety. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2002, 63(2-B):1073.
11. Baba V.V., Tourigny L., Wang X.Y., Liu W.M. Proactive personality and work performance in China: The moderating effects of emotional exhaustion and perceived safety climate. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences 2009, 26:23-37. doi: 10.1002/cjas.90.
12. Baek J.B., Bae S., Ham B.H., Singh K.P. Safety climate practice in Korean manufacturing industry. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2008, 159:49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.125.
13. Bakker A.B., Demerouti E. The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology 2007, 22:309-328. doi: 10.1108/02683940710733115.
14. Bakker A.B., Demerouti E., Euwema M.C. Job resources buffer the impact of job demands on burnout. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2005, 10:170-180. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.10.2.170.
15. Bakker A.B., Demerouti E., Schaufeli W.B. Dual processes at work in a call centre: An application of the job demands-resources model. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 2003, 12:393-417. doi: 10.1080/13594320344000165.
16. Bakker A.B., van Emmerik H., Euwema M.C. Crossover of burnout and engagement in work teams. Work and Occupations 2006, 33:464-489. doi: 10.1177/0730888406291310.
17. Barling J., Kelloway E.K., Iverson R.D. Accidental outcomes: Attitudinal consequences of workplace injuries. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2003, 8:74-85. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.8.1.74.
18. Barling J., Kelloway E.K., Iverson R.D. High-quality work, job satisfaction, and occupational injuries. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:276-283. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.276.
19. Barling J., Loughlin C., Kelloway E. Development and test of a model linking safety-specific transformational leadership and occupational safety. Journal of Applied Psychology 2002, 87:488-496. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.488.
20. Behn L.D., Thompson R.C., Hilton T.F. Follow-up assessment of the Federal Aviation Administration's Logistics Center safety climate (FAA Office of Aviation Medicine Reports, 99-19, p. 10) 1999, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, OK.
21. Ben-Ami S., Shaham J., Rabin S., Melzer A., Ribak J. The influence of nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and health beliefs on their safe behavior with cytotoxic drugs in Israel. Cancer Nursing 2001, 24:192-200. doi: 10.1097/00002820-200106000-00007.
22. Beretvas S.N., Furlow C.F. Evaluation of an approximate method for synthesizing covariance matrices for use in meta-analytic SEM. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 2006, 13:153-185. doi: 10.1207/s15328007sem1302_1.
23. Boden L.I., Hall A.A., Levenstein C., Punnett L. The impact of health and safety committees. Journal of Occupational Medicine 1984, 26:829-834. doi: 10.1097/00043764-198411000-00013.
24. Bognár A., Barach P., Johnson J.K., Duncan R.C., Birnbach D., Woods D., Bacha E.A. Errors and the burden of errors: Attitudes, perceptions, and the culture of safety in pediatric cardiac surgical teams. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2008, 85:1374-1381. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.11.024.
25. Brady J. Training to promote worker's use of hearing protection: The influence of work climate factors on training effectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International 2000, 60(9):3233.
26. Brown K.A., Willis P.G., Prussia G.E. Predicting safe employee behavior in the steel industry: Development and test of a sociotechnical model. Journal of Operations Management 2000, 18:445-465. doi: 10.1016/S0272-6963(00)00033-4.
27. Budescu D.V. Dominance analysis: A new approach to the problem of relative importance of predictors in multiple regression. Psychological Bulletin 1993, 114:542-551. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.542.
28. Gross domestic product (GDP) 2008, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Retrieved from http://www.bea.gov/national/index.htm#gdp.
29. Burke M.J., Sarpy S.A., Tesluk P.E., Smith-Crowe K. General safety performance: A test of a grounded theoretical model. Personnel Psychology 2002, 55:429-457. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2002.tb00116.x.
30. Campbell J.P. Modeling the performance prediction problem in industrial and organizational psychology. Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology 1990, 1:687-732. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA. 2nd ed. M.D. Dunnette, L.M. Hough (Eds.).
31. Caska, B. A. (1999, July). Effects of perceived danger and safety on injuries and attitudes. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Atlanta, GA.
32. Cavanaugh M.A., Boswell W.R., Roehling M.V., Boudreau J.W. An empirical examination of self-reported work stress among U.S. managers. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:65-74. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.85.1.65.
33. Cheung M.W.L., Chan W. Meta-analytic structural equation modeling: A two-stage approach. Psychological Methods 2005, 10:40-64. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.10.1.40.
34. Chowdhury S.K., Endres M.L. Customer involvement in service operation and its impact on job stress and work place injury. Academy of Management Journal 2010, 53:182-198.
35. Christian M.S., Bradley J.C., Wallace J.C., Burke M.J. Workplace safety: A meta-analysis of the roles of person and situation factors. Journal of Applied Psychology 2009, 94:1103-1127. doi: 10.1037/a0016172.
36. Clarke S. The relationship between safety climate and safety performance: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Occupational Heath Psychology 2006, 11:315-327. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.11.4.315.
37. Clarke S. Safety climate in an automobile manufacturing plant: The effects of work environment, job communication and safety attitudes on accidents and unsafe behaviour. Personnel Review 2006, 35:413-430. doi: 10.1108/00483480610670580.
38. Clarke S., Robertson I.T. A meta-analytic review of the Big Five personality factors and accident involvement in occupational and non-occupational settings. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 2005, 78:355-376. doi: 10.1348/096317905X26183.
39. Clarke S., Ward K. The role of leader influence tactics and safety climate in engaging employees' safety participation. Risk Analysis 2006, 26:1175-1185. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00824.x.
40. Colémont A., Van den Broucke S. Measuring determinants of occupational health related behavior in Flemish farmers: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Safety Research 2008, 39:55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2007.12.001.
41. Cooper M.D., Phillips R.A., Sutherland V.J., Makin P.J. Reducing accidents using goal setting and feedback: A field study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 1994, 67:219-240.
42. Crampton S.M., Wagner J.A. Percept-percept inflation in microorganizational research: An investigation of prevalence and effect. Journal of Applied Psychology 1994, 79:67-76. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.1.67.
43. Crawford E.R., LePine J.A., Rich B.L. Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: A theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied Psychology 2010, 95:834-848.
44. Cree T., Kelloway E. Responses to occupational hazards: Exit and participation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 1997, 2:304-311. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.2.4.304.
45. Crossman D.C. The impact of safety culture on worker motivation and the economic bottom line. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2009, 69(7-B):4100.
46. Cullen J.C., Hammer L.B. Developing and testing a theoretical model linking work-family conflict to employee safety. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2007, 12:266-278. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.266.
47. Darby P., Murray W., Raeside R. Applying online fleet driver assessment to help identify, target and reduce occupational road safety risks. Safety Science 2009, 47:436-442. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2008.05.004.
48. Darlington R.B. Multiple regression in psychological research and practice. Psychological Bulletin 1968, 69:161-182. doi: 10.1037/h0025471.
49. Dearmond S. Workplace sleepiness: Organizational antecedents and consequences. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2008, 68(8):5621.
50. Dedobbeleer N., Beland F. A safety climate measure for construction sites. Journal of Safety Research 1991, 22:97-103. doi: 10.1016/0022-4375(91)90017-P.
51. Dejoy D.M., Murphy L.R., Gershon R.M. The influence of employee, job task, and organizational factors on adherence to universal precautions among nurses. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 1995, 16:43-55. doi: 10.1016/0169-8141(94)00075-E.
52. DeJoy D.M., Schaffer B.S., Wilson M.G., Vandenberg R.J., Butts M.M. Creating safer workplaces: Assessing the determinants and role of safety climate. Journal of Safety Research 2004, 35:81-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2003.09.018.
53. DeJoy D.M., Searcy C.A., Murphy L.R., Gershon R.R.M. Behavior-diagnostic analysis of compliance with universal precautions among nurses. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2000, 5:127-141. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.127.
54. Demerouti E., Bakker A.B., Nachreiner F., Schaufeli W.B. The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:499-512. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499.
55. Díaz-Cabrera D., Hernandez-Fernaud E., Isla-Diaz R. An evaluation of a new instrument to measure organisational safety culture values and practices. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2007, 39:1202-1211. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.03.005.
56. Donald I., Canter D. Employee attitudes and safety in the chemical industry. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 1994, 7:203-208. doi: 10.1016/0950-4230(94)80067-7.
57. Dunbar R.L.M. Managers influence on subordinates' thinking about safety. Academy of Management Journal 1975, 18:364-369. doi: 10.2307/255538.
58. Eisenberger R., Fasolo P., Davis-LaMastro V. Perceived organizational support and employee diligence, commitment, and innovation. Journal of Applied Psychology 1990, 75:51-59. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.75.1.51.
59. Eisenberger R., Huntington R., Hutchison S., Sowa D. Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology 1986, 71:500-507. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500.
60. Ek A., Akselsson R. Aviation on the ground: Safety culture in a ground handling company. International Journal of Aviation Psychology 2007, 17:59-76. doi: 10.1207/s15327108ijap1701_4.
61. Ek A., Akselsson R., Arvidsson M., Johansson C.R. Safety culture in Swedish air traffic control. Safety Science 2007, 45:791-811. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2006.08.017.
62. Eklöf M., Torner M. Perception and control of occupational injury risks in fishery: A pilot study. Work & Stress 2002, 16:58-69. doi: 10.1080/02678370110114694.
63. Evans D.D., Michael J.H., Wiedenbeck J.K., Ray C.D. Relationships between organizational climates and safety-related events at four wood manufacturers. Forest Products Journal 2005, 55:23-28.
64. Felknor S.A., Aday L.A., Burau K.D., Delclos G.L., Kapadia A.S. Safety climate and its association with injuries and safety practices in public hospitals in Costa Rica. International Journal of Occupational Environmental Health 2000, 6:18-25.
65. Field A.P. Is the meta-analysis of correlation coefficients accurate when population correlations vary?. Psychological Methods 2005, 10:444-467. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.10.4.444.
66. Fogarty G.J. Psychological strain mediates the impact of safety climate on maintenance errors. International Journal of Applied Aviation Studies 2005, 5:53-63.
67. Fogarty G., Shaw A. Safety climate and the theory of planned behaviour: Towards the prediction of unsafe behaviour [Abstract). Australian Journal of Psychology 2003, 55:123.
68. Ford M.T. Implications of psychological distance for the structure and motivation of safety at work. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2009, 69(8-B):5089.
69. Frone M.R. Predictors of work injuries among employed adolescents. Journal of Applied Psychology 1998, 83:565-576. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.83.4.565.
70. Fullarton C., Stokes M. The utility of a workplace injury instrument in prediction of workplace injury. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2007, 39:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.05.015.
71. Furlow C.F., Beretvas S.N. Meta-analytic methods for pooling correlation matrices for structural equation modeling under different patterns of missing data. Psychological Methods 2005, 10:227-254. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.10.2.227.
72. Garavan T.N., O'Brien F. An investigation into the relationship between safety climate and safety behaviors in Irish organizations. Irish Journal of Management 2001, 22:141-170.
73. Geller E., Roberts D., Gilmore M.R. Predicting propensity to actively care for occupational safety. Journal of Safety Research 1996, 27:1-8. doi: 10.1016/0022-4375(95)00024-0.
74. Gershon R.R.M., Qureshi K.A., Pogorzelska M., Rosen J., Gebbie K.M., Brandt-Rauf P.W., Sherman M.F. Non-hospital based registered nurses and the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure. Industrial Health 2007, 45:695-704. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.45.695.
75. Gibbons A.M., von Thaden T.L., Wiegmann D.A. Development and initial validation of a survey for assessing safety culture within commercial flight operations. International Journal of Aviation Psychology 2006, 16:215-238. doi: 10.1207/s15327108ijap1602_6.
76. Gillen M., Baltz D., Gassel M., Kirsch L., Vaccaro D. Perceived safety climate, job demands, and coworker support among union and nonunion injured construction workers. Journal of Safety Research 2002, 33:33-51. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(02)00002-6.
77. Gimeno D., Felknor S., Burau K.D., Delclos G.L. Organisational and occupational risk factors associated with work related injuries among public hospital employees in Costa Rica. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005, 62:337-343. doi: 10.1136/oem.2004.014936.
78. Ginsburg L., Gilin D., Tregunno D., Norton P.G., Flemons W., Fleming M. Advancing measurement of patient safety culture. Health Services Research 2009, 44:205-224. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00908.x.
79. Ginsburg L., Norton P.G., Casebeer A., Lewis S. An educational intervention to enhance nurse leaders' perceptions of patient safety culture. Health Services Research 2005, 40:997-1020. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00401.x.
80. Goldenhar L.M., Williams L.J., Swanson N.G. Modelling relationships between job stressors and injury and near-miss outcomes for construction labourers. Work & Stress 2003, 17:218-240. doi: 10.1080/02678370310001616144.
81. Graso, M., Probst, T., & Estrada, A. (2008, April). Extending the consideration of future consequences to safety outcomes. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Francisco, CA.
82. Griffin M.A., Neal A. Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2000, 5:347-358. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.5.3.347.
83. Grosch J.W., Gershon R.R.M., Murphy L.R., DeJoy D.M. Safety climate dimensions associated with occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens in nurses. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 1999, 1:122-124. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199909)36:1+<122::AID-AJIM43>3.0.CO;2-L.
84. Grote G. Diagnosis of safety culture: A replication and extension towards assessing " safe" organizational change processes. Safety Science 2008, 46:450-460.
85. Grote G., Kuenzler C. Diagnosis of safety culture in safety management audits. Safety Science 2000, 34:131-150. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00010-2.
86. Guastello S.J. Psychosocial variables related to transit safety: The application of catastrophe theory. Work & Stress 1991, 5:17-28. doi: 10.1080/02678379108256999.
87. Gyekye S.A. Workers' perceptions of workplace safety and job satisfaction. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2005, 11:291-302.
88. Gyekye S.A., Salminen S. Are " good soldiers" safety conscious? An examination of the relationship between organizational citizenship behaviors and perception of workplace safety. Social Behavior and Personality 2005, 33:805-820. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2005.33.8.805.
89. Gyekye S.A., Salminen S. Educational status and organizational safety climate: Does educational attainment influence workers' perceptions of workplace safety?. Safety Science 2009, 47:20-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.12.007.
90. Hackman J.R., Oldham G.R. Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 1976, 16:250-279. doi: 10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7.
91. Hafdahl A.R. Combining correlation matrices: Simulation analysis of improved fixed-effects methods. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 2007, 32:180-205. doi: 10.3102/1076998606298041.
92. Hafdahl A.R., Williams M.A. Meta-analysis of correlations revisited: Attempted replication and extension of Field's (2001) simulation studies. Psychological Methods 2009, 14:24-42. doi: 10.1037/a0014697.
93. Hahn S.E., Murphy L.R. A short scale for measuring safety climate. Safety Science 2008, 46:1047-1066. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.06.002.
94. Halbesleben J.R.B. Sources of social support and burnout: A meta-analytic test of the conservation of resources model. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:1134-1145. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1134.
95. Halbesleben J.R.B., Wakefield B.J., Wakefield D.S., Cooper L.B. Nurse burnout and patient safety outcomes: Nurse safety perception versus reporting behavior. Western Journal of Nursing Research 2008, 30:560-577. doi: 10.1177/0193945907311322.
96. Hansen C.P. A causal model of the relationship among accidents, biodata, personality, and cognitive factors. Journal of Applied Psychology 1989, 74:81-90. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.74.1.81.
97. Harris T.C. Predicting workplace safety outcomes through subordinate and supervisor involvement in safety issues. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 1998, 58:4500.
98. Hartmann C.W., Rosen A.K., Meterko M., Shokeen P., Zhao S., Singer S., Gaba D.M. An overview of patient safety climate in the VA. Health Services Research 2008, 43:1263-1284. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2008.00839.x.
99. Hayes B.E., Perander J., Smecko T., Trask J. Measuring perceptions of workplace safety: Development and validation of the Work Safety Scale. Journal of Safety Research 1998, 29:145-161. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(98)00011-5.
100. Heidemeier H., Moser K. Self-other agreement in job performance ratings: A meta-analytic test of a process model. Journal of Applied Psychology 2009, 94:353-370. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.94.2.353.
101. Hemingway M.A., Smith C.S. Organizational climate and occupational stressors as predictors of withdrawal behaviors and injuries in nurses. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 1999, 72:285-299. doi: 10.1348/096317999166680.
102. Hine D.W., Lewko J., Blanco J. Alignment to workplace safety principles: An application to mining. Journal of Safety Research 1999, 30:173-185. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(99)00012-2.
103. Hinsz, V. B., & Nickell, G. S. (2004, April). A motivational model of product safety and security behaviors. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL.
104. Hinsz V.B., Nickell G.S., Park E.S. The role of work habits in the motivation of food safety behaviors. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 2007, 13:105-114. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.13.2.105.
105. Hobfoll S.E., Freedy J. Conservation of resources: A general stress theory applied to burnout. Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research 1993, 115-133. Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA. W.B. Schaufeli, C.A. Maslach, T. Marek (Eds.).
106. Hofmann D.A., Mark B. An investigation of the relationship between safety climate and medication errors as well as other nurse and patient outcomes. Personnel Psychology 2006, 59:847-869. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00056.x.
107. Hofmann D.A., Morgeson F.P. Safety-related behavior as a social exchange: The role of perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology 1999, 84:286-296. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.84.2.286.
108. Hofmann D.A., Morgeson F.P., Gerras S.J. Climate as a moderator of the relationship between leader-member exchange and content specific citizenship: Safety climate as an exemplar. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:170-178. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.170.
109. Hofmann D.A., Stetzer A. A cross-level investigation of factors influencing unsafe behaviors and accidents. Personnel Psychology 1996, 49:307-339. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb01802.x.
110. Hofmann D.A., Stetzer A. The role of safety climate and communication in accident interpretation: Implications for learning from negative events. Academy of Management Journal 1998, 41:644-657. doi: 10.2307/256962.
111. Hope, L., Mearns, K., & Cheyne, A. (2004, April). Investment in workforce health: Examining implications for safety and commitment. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL.
112. Hsu S.H., Lee C.-C., Wu M.-C., Takano K. A cross-cultural study of organizational factors on safety: Japanese vs. Taiwanese oil refinery plants. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2008, 40:24-34. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.03.020.
113. Huang Y.H., Chen P.Y., Krauss A.D., Rogers D.A. Quality of the execution of corporate safety policies and employee safety outcomes: Assessing the moderating role of supervisor safety support and the mediating role of employee safety control. Journal of Business and Psychology 2004, 18:483-506. doi: 10.1023/B:JOBU.0000028448.01394.bf.
114. Huang Y.H., Chen P.Y., Rogers D.A., Krauss A.D. Role of workplace safety: A revisit of the relationship between job satisfaction and employment status. Work 2003, 21:251-256.
115. Huang Y.-H., Ho M., Smith G.S., Chen P.Y. Safety climate and self-reported injury: Assessing the mediating role of employee safety control. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2006, 38:425-433. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.07.002.
116. Huang Y.H., Leamon T.B., Courney T.K., Chen P.Y., DeArmond S. Corporate financial decision-makers' perceptions of workplace safety. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2007, 39:767-775. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.11.007.
117. Huang Y.H., Pransky G.S., Shaw W.S., Benjamin K.L., Savageau J.A. Factors affecting the organizational responses of employers to workers with injuries. Work 2006, 26:75-84.
118. Humphrey S.E., Nahrgang J.D., Morgeson F.P. Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: A meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature. Journal of Applied Psychology 2007, 92:1332-1356. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1332.
119. Hunter J.E., Schmidt F.L. Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings 2004, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
120. Hurst, C. S., Eby, L. T., & Butts, M. M. (2009, April). Conversations about health: Supervisor health and safety support scale development. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, New Orleans, LA.
121. To err is human: Building a safer health system 1999, Institute of Medicine, Author, Washington, DC.
122. Iverson R.D., Erwin P.J. Predicting occupational injury: The role of affectivity. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 1997, 70:113-128.
123. Johnson J.W. A heuristic method for estimating the relative weight of predictor variables in multiple regression. Multivariate Behavioral Research 2000, 35:1-19. doi: 10.1207/S15327906MBR3501_1.
124. Johnson J.W. The relative importance of task and contextual performance imensions to supervisor judgments of overall performance. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:984-996. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.86.5.984.
125. Johnson J.W., Lebreton J.M. History and use of relative importance indices in organizational research. Organizational Research Methods 2004, 7:238-257. doi: 10.1177/1094428104266510.
126. Jöreskog K.G., Sörbom D. LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language 2002, Scientific Software International, Lincolnwood, IL.
127. Kahn W.A. Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal 1990, 33:692-724. doi: 10.2307/256287.
128. Kao C.S., Lai W.H., Chuang T.F., Lee J.C. Safety culture factors, group differences, and risk perception in five petrochemical plants. Process Safety Progress 2008, 27:145-152. doi: 10.1002/prs.10246.
129. Karasek R.A. Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly 1979, 24:285-308. doi: 10.2307/2392498.
130. Karasek R.A., Triantis K.P., Chaudhry S.S. Co-worker and supervisor support as moderators of associations between task characteristics and mental strain. Journal of Occupational Behavior 1982, 3:181-200. doi: 10.1002/job.4030030205.
131. Katz-Navon T., Naveh E., Stern Z. Safety self-efficacy and safety performance: Potential antecedents and the moderation effect of standardization. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 2007, 20:572-584. doi: 10.1108/09526860710822716.
132. Kelloway E.K., Mullen J., Francis L. Divergent effects of transformational and passive leadership on employee safety. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2006, 11:76-86. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.11.1.76.
133. Kerr M. Factors related to Mexican American workers' use of hearing protection. Dissertation Abstracts International 1995, 55(8):3238B.
134. Krispin J.V. The construction and validation of a measure of safety climate: Exploring the link between attitudes and perceptions around safety and safe performance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 1999, 59(7-B):3747.
135. Kudo Y., Satoh T., Kido S., Watanabe M., Miki T., Miyajima E., Aizawa Y. A pilot study testing the dimensions of safety climate among Japanese nurses. Industrial Health 2008, 46:158-165. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.46.158.
136. Laschinger, H., & Armstrong, K. J. (2007). Empowerment, professional proactive environments, and patient safety climate: A replication study. Unpublished manuscript.
137. Laschinger H.S., Leiter M. The impact of nursing work environments on patient safety outcomes: The mediating role of burnout/engagement. Journal of Nursing Administration 2006, 36:259-267. doi: 10.1097/00005110-200605000-00019.
138. Lawton R.J. Not working to rule: Understanding procedural violations at work. Safety Science 1998, 28:77-95. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(97)00073-8.
139. Lebreton J.M., Binning J.F., Adorno A.J., Melcher K.M. Importance of personality and job-specific affect for predicting job attitudes and withdrawal behavior. Organizational Research Methods 2004, 7:300-325. doi: 10.1177/1094428104266015.
140. Lee R.T., Ashforth B.E. A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology 1996, 81:123-133. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123.
141. Lin S.H., Tang W.J., Miao J.Y., Wang Z.M., Wang P.X. Safety climate measurement at workplace in China: A validity and reliability assessment. Safety Science 2008, 46:1037-1046. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.001.
142. Lundblad J.P. Teamwork and safety climates in small rural hospitals. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section A. Humanities and Social Sciences 2005, 65(10-A):3728.
143. Lusk S.L., Ronis D.I., Kerr M.J. Predictors of hearing protection use among workers: Implications for training programs. Human Factors 1995, 37:635-640. doi: 10.1518/001872095779049390.
144. Machin M., De Souza J.M.D. Predicting health outcomes and safety behaviour in taxi drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2004, 7:257-270. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2004.09.004.
145. MacKinnon D.P., Lockwood C.M., Hoffman J.M., West S.G., Sheets V. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods 2002, 7:83-104. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.83.
146. Maierhofer N.I., Griffin M.A., Sheehan M. Linking manager values and behavior with employee values and behavior: A study of values and safety in the hairdressing industry. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2000, 5:417-427. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.5.4.417.
147. Marchand A., Simard M., Carpentier-Roy M., Ouellet F. From a unidimensional to a bidimensional concept and measurement of workers' safety behavior. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 1998, 24:293-299.
148. Marks, K., & Kath, L. (2008, April). Drivers of upward safety communication. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Francisco, CA.
149. Maslach C., Leiter M.P. The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it 1997, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
150. Maslach C., Leiter M.P. Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology 2008, 93:498-512. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.498.
151. Matsubara S., Hagihara A., Nobutomo K. Development of a patient safety climate scale in Japan. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 2008, 20:211-220. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzn003.
152. McCoy K.D., Beekmann S.E., Ferguson K.J., Vaughn T.E., Torner J.C., Woolson R.F., Doebbeling B.N. Monitoring adherence to standard precautions. American Journal of Infection Control 2001, 29:24-31. doi: 10.1067/mic.2001.111226.
153. McLain D.L. Responses to health and safety risk in the work environment. Academy of Management Journal 1995, 38:1726-1743. doi: 10.2307/256852.
154. McLain D.L., Jarrell K.A. The perceived compatibility of safety and production expectations in hazardous occupations. Journal of Safety Research 2007, 38:299-309. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2006.10.011.
155. Mearns K., Flin R., Gordon R., Fleming M. Measuring safety climate on offshore installations. Work & Stress 1998, 12:238-254. doi: 10.1080/02678379808256864.
156. Mearns K., Flin R., Gordon R., Fleming M. Human and organizational factors in offshore safety. Work & Stress 2001, 15:144-160. doi: 10.1080/026783701102678370110066616.
157. Mearns K.J., Reader T. Organizational support and safety outcomes: An un-investigated relationship?. Safety Science 2008, 46:388-397. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.002.
158. Meijman T.F., Mulder G. Psychological aspects of workload. Handbook of work and organizational psychology 1998, 5-33. Erlbaum, Hove, England. 2nd ed. P.J. Drenth, H. Thierry, C.J. de Wolff (Eds.).
159. Michael J.H., Evans D.D., Jansen K.J., Haight J.M. Management commitment to safety as organizational support: Relationships with non-safety outcomes in wood manufacturing employees. Journal of Safety Research 2005, 36:171-179. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.03.002.
160. Michael J.H., Guo Z.G., Wiedenbeck J.K., Ray C.D. Production supervisor impacts on subordinates' safety outcomes: An investigation of leader-member exchange and safety communication. Journal of Safety Research 2006, 37:469-477. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2006.06.004.
161. Mohamed S. Safety climate in construction site environments. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 2002, 128:375-384. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2002)128:5(375).
162. Mohamed S. Scorecard approach to benchmarking organizational safety culture in construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 2003, 129:80-88. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2003)129:1(80).
163. Moody R.F. Safety culture on hospital nursing units: Human performance and organizational system factors that make a difference. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2007, 67(8):4349.
164. Morgeson F.P., Humphrey S.E. The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): Developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:1321-1339. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1321.
165. Morrow P.C., Crum M.R. The effects of perceived and objective safety risk on employee outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior 1998, 53:300-313. doi: 10.1006/jvbe.1997.1620.
166. Morrow P.C., Crum M.R. Antecedents of fatigue, close calls, and crashes among commercial motor-vehicle drivers. Journal of Safety Research 2004, 35:59-69. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2003.07.004.
167. Morrow P.C., McElroy J.C. Union loyalty antecedents: A justice perspective. Journal of Labor Research 2006, 27:75-87. doi: 10.1007/s12122-006-1010-3.
168. Mueller L.M. Safety climate and organizational climate: An examination of discriminant validity between constructs and the impact of using different item referents. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2003, 63(9-B):4405.
169. Mullen J.E., Kelloway E.K. Safety leadership: A longitudinal study of the effects of transformational leadership on safety outcomes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 2009, 82:253-272. doi: 10.1348/096317908X325313.
170. Myers D.G. Close relationships and quality of life. Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology 1999, 374-391. Russell Sage Foundation, New York, NY. D. Kahneman, E. Diener, N. Schwarz (Eds.).
171. Naragon-Gainey K. Meta-analysis of the relations of anxiety sensitivity to the depressive and anxiety disorders. Psychological Bulletin 2010, 136:128-150. doi: 10.1037/a0018055.
172. Naveh E., Katz-Navon T., Stern Z. Treatment errors in healthcare: A safety climate approach. Management Science 2005, 51:948-960. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0372.
173. Neal A., Griffin M.A. Safety climate and safety at work. The psychology of workplace safety 2004, 15-34. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. J. Barling, M.R. Frone (Eds.).
174. Neal A., Griffin M.A. A study of the lagged relationships among safety climate, safety motivation, safety behavior, and accidents at the individual and group levels. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:946-953. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.4.946.
175. Neal A., Griffin M.A., Hart P.M. The impact of organizational climate on safety climate and individual behavior. Safety Science 2000, 34:99-109. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00008-4.
176. Newnam S., Griffin M.A., Mason C. Safety in work vehicles: A multilevel study linking safety values and individual predictors to work-related driving crashes. Journal of Applied Psychology 2008, 93:632-644. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.632.
177. Niskanen T. Assessing the safety environment in work organization of road maintenance jobs. Accident Analysis & Prevention 1994, 26:27-39. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(94)90066-3.
178. Parboteeah K.P., Kapp E.A. Ethical climates and workplace safety behaviors: An empirical investigation. Journal of Business Ethics 2008, 80:515-529. doi: 10.1007/s10551-007-9452-y.
179. Parker S.K., Axtell C., Turner N. Designing a safer workplace: Importance of job autonomy, communication quality, and supportive supervisors. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2001, 6:211-228. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.6.3.211.
180. Paul P.S., Maiti J. Development and test of a sociotechnical model for accident/injury occurrences in underground coalmines. Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 2005, 105:43-53.
181. Petersen D. The effectiveness of safety programs as perceived by employees. Journal of the American Society of Safety Engineers 1973, 18:22-26.
182. Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Lee J., Podsakoff N.P. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:879-903. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
183. Pousette A., Larsson S., Tarner M. Safety climate cross-validation, strength and prediction of safety behaviour. Safety Science 2008, 46:398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.06.016.
184. Probst T.M. Safety and insecurity: Exploring the moderating effect of organizational safety climate. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2004, 9:3-10. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.9.1.3.
185. Probst T.M., Brubaker T.L. The effects of job insecurity on employee safety outcomes: Cross sectional and longitudinal explorations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2001, 6:139-159. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.6.2.139.
186. Probst T.M., Estrada A. Accident under-reporting among employees: Testing the moderating influence of psychological safety climate and supervisor enforcement of safety practices. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2010, 42:1438-1444.
187. Prussia G.E., Brown K.A., Willis P. Mental models of safety: Do managers and employees see eye to eye?. Journal of Safety Research 2003, 34:143-156. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(03)00011-2.
188. Real K. Information seeking and workplace safety: A field application of the risk perception attitude framework. Journal of Applied Communication Research 2008, 36:339-359. doi: 10.1080/00909880802101763.
189. Reiman T., Oedewald P. Measuring maintenance culture and maintenance core task with CULTURE-questionnaire: A case study in the power industry. Safety Science 2004, 42:859-889. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2004.04.001.
190. Reiman T., Oedewald P., Rollenhagen C. Characteristics of organizational culture at the maintenance units of two Nordic nuclear power. Reliability Engineering & System Safety 2005, 89:331-345. doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2004.09.004.
191. Reynolds G.S. Alcohol tolerance norms and risky work climate moderate the cognitive effects of workplace substance abuse prevention. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2005, 66(1-B):539.
192. Rich B.L., LePine J.A., Crawford E.R. Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of Management Journal 2010, 53:617-635.
193. Rundmo T. Associations between organizational factors and safety and contingency measures on offshore petroleum platforms. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health 1994, 20:122-127.
194. Rundmo T. Associations between risk perception and safety. Safety Science 1996, 24:197-209. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(97)00038-6.
195. Schaufeli W.B., Bakker A.B. Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior 2004, 25:293-315. doi: 10.1002/job.248.
196. Schaufeli W.B., Bakker A.B., van Rhenen W. How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior 2009, 30:893-917. doi: 10.1002/job.595.
197. Schaufeli W.B., Salanova M., González-Romá V., Bakker A.B. The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies 2002, 3:71-92. doi: 10.1023/A:1015630930326.
198. Schaufeli W.B., Taris T.W., van Rhenen W. Workaholism, burnout, and work engagement: Three of a kind or three different kinds of employee well-being?. Applied Psychology 2008, 57:173-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x.
199. Schneider B. The climate for service: An application of the climate construct. Organizational climate and culture 1990, 383-412. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA. B. Schneider (Ed.).
200. Seo D.C. Development and testing of a model that explains contributing factors to unsafe work behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2004, 65(2-B):691.
201. Sexton J.B., Helmreich R.L., Neilands T.B., Rowan K., Vella K., Boyden J., Thomas E.J. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire: Psychometric properties, benchmarking data, and emerging research. BMC Health Services Research 2006, 6:44. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-6-44.
202. Shoji T., Egawa Y. Structure of safety climates and its effects on workers' attitudes and work safety at Japanese construction work sites. Journal of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health 2006, 28:29-43.
203. Sinclair R.R., Martin J.E., Sears L.E. Labor unions and safety climate: Perceived union safety values and retail employee safety outcomes. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2010, 42:1477-1487.
204. Singer S., Meterko M., Baker L., Gaba D., Falwell A., Rosen A. Workforce perceptions of hospital safety culture: Development and validation of the Patient Safety Climate in Healthcare Organizations survey. Health Services Research 2007, 42:1999-2021. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00706.x.
205. Siu O.L., Phillips D.R., Leung T.-W. Age differences in safety attitudes and safety performance in Hong Kong construction workers. Journal of Safety Research 2003, 34:199-205. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(02)00072-5.
206. Siu O.L., Phillips D.R., Leung T.W. Safety climate and safety performance among construction workers in Hong Kong: The role of psychological strains as mediators. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2004, 36:359-366. doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(03)00016-2.
207. Smith-Crowe K., Burke M.J., Landis R.S. Organizational climate as a moderator of safety knowledge-safety performance relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior 2003, 24:861-876. doi: 10.1002/job.217.
208. Smits M., Christiaans-Dingelhoff I., Wagner C., van der Wal G., Groenewegen P.P. The psychometric properties of the " Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture" in Dutch hospitals. BMC Health Services Research 2008, 8:230. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-8-230.
209. Snyder L.A., Krauss A.D., Chen P.Y., Finlinson S., Huang Y.-H. Occupational safety: Application of the job demand-control-support model. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2008, 40:1713-1723. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2008.06.008.
210. Sobel M.E. Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. Sociological methodology 1982, 290-312. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA. S. Leinhard (Ed.).
211. Sorra J., Nieva V. Pilot study: Reliability and validity of the hospital survey on patient safety 2004, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD.
212. Sorra J., Nieva V., Schreiber G., King M., Kaplan H. Safety culture and event reporting in hospital transfusion services. Transfusion 2002, 42(Suppl. 9):138S.
213. Strahan C., Watson B., Lennon A. Can organisational safety climate and occupational stress predict work-related driver fatigue?. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2008, 11:418-426. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2008.04.002.
214. Tabachnick B.G., Fidell L.S. Using multivariate statistics 2001, Allyn & Bacon, Boston, MA.
215. Taylor J.C., Thomas R.L. Toward measuring safety culture in aviation maintenance: The structure of trust and professionalism. International Journal of Aviation Psychology 2003, 13:321-343. doi: 10.1207/S15327108IJAP1304_01.
216. Tharaldsen J.E., Olsen E., Rundmo T. A longitudinal study of safety climate on the Norwegian continental shelf. Safety Science 2008, 46:427-439. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.006.
217. Truchon M., Fillion L., Gélinas C. Validation of a French Canadian version of the Organizational Policies and Practices (OPP) questionnaire. Work 2003, 20:111-119.
218. Truxillo, D. M., Buck, M. A., McCune, E. A., Bauer, T. N., Hammer, L. B., & Bertolino, M. (2007, April). Validity evidence for an expectancy-based measure of safety motivation. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, New York, NY.
219. Turnberg W., Daniell W. Evaluation of a healthcare safety climate measurement tool. Journal of Safety Research 2008, 39:563-568.
220. Turner N., Chmiel N., Walls M. Railing for safety: Job demands, job control, and safety citizenship role definition. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2005, 10:504-512. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.10.4.504.
221. Turner, N., Parker, S. K., & Williams, H. M. (2009). Self-managing teams, work characteristics, and employee safety performance. Unpublished manuscript.
222. Viswesvaran C., Ones D.S. Theory testing: Combining psychometric meta-analysis and structural equations modeling. Personnel Psychology 1995, 48:865-885. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01784.x.
223. Wallace C., Chen G. A multilevel integration of personality, climate, self-regulation, and performance. Personnel Psychology 2006, 59:529-557. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00046.x.
224. Wallace J. A multilevel examination of occupational safety: Regulatory focus as an explanatory link between climate, conscientiousness, and performance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2005, 65(7-B):3760.
225. Wallace J.C., Chen G. Development and validation of a work-specific measure of cognitive failure: Implications for occupational safety. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 2005, 78:615-632. doi: 10.1348/096317905X37442.
226. Wallace J.C., Vodanovich S.J. Workplace safety performance: Conscientiousness, cognitive failure, and their interaction. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2003, 8:316-327. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.8.4.316.
227. Watson G.W., Scott D., Bishop J., Turnbeaugh T. Dimensions of interpersonal relationships and safety in the steel industry. Journal of Business and Psychology 2005, 19:303-318. doi: 10.1007/s10869-004-2230-2.
228. Westaby J.D., Lee B.C. Antecedents of injury among youth in agricultural settings: A longitudinal examination of safety consciousness, dangerous risk taking, and safety knowledge. Journal of Safety Research 2003, 34:227-240. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(03)00030-6.
229. Westaby J.D., Lowe J.K. Risk-taking orientation and injury among youth workers: Examining the social influence of supervisors, coworkers, and parents. Journal of Applied Psychology 2005, 90:1027-1035. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.1027.
230. Williams, H., Turner, N., & Parker, S. K. (2009). The compensatory role of transformational leadership in promoting safety behaviors. Unpublished manuscript.
231. Wills A.R., Watson B., Biggs H.C. Comparing safety climate factors as predictors of work-related driving behavior. Journal of Safety Research 2006, 37:375-383. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2006.05.008.
232. Wilson K.A. Does safety culture predict clinical outcomes? Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering 2008, (2):69.
233. Global strategy on occupational health for all: The way to health at work 2008, World Heath Organization, Retrieved from http://www.who.int/occupational_health/en/.
234. Zacharatos A., Barling J., Iverson R.D. High-performance work systems and occupational safety. Journal of Applied Psychology 2005, 90:77-93. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.1.77.
235. Zhang, Z., Bhave, D., & Arvey, R. (2008, April). Employee participation and workplace safety: A multilevel analysis. Poster session presented at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Francisco, CA.
236. Zhou Q., Fang D.P., Wang X.M. A method to identify strategies for the improvement of human safety behavior by considering safety climate and personal experience. Safety Science 2008, 46:1406-1419. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.10.005.
237. Zohar D. Safety climate in industrial organizations: Theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Psychology 1980, 65:96-102. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.65.1.96.
238. Zohar D. A group-level model of safety climate: Testing the effect of group climate on microaccidents in manufacturing jobs. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:587-596. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.587.
239. Zohar D. The effects of leadership dimensions, safety climate, and assigned priorities on minor injuries in work groups. Journal of Organizational Behavior 2002, 23:75-92. doi: 10.1002/job.130.
240. Zohar D. Modifying supervisory practices to improve subunit safety: A leadership-based intervention model. Journal of Applied Psychology 2002, 87:156-163. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.156.
241. Zohar D., Luria G. Climate as a social-cognitive construction of supervisory safety practices: Scripts as proxy of behavior patterns. Journal of Applied Psychology 2004, 89:322-333. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.89.2.322.