메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 11-12, 2010, Pages 864-886

Non-native speech perception in adverse conditions: A review

Author keywords

Noise; Non native; Review; Speech perception

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; REVIEWS;

EID: 78649316937     PISSN: 01676393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.specom.2010.08.014     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (219)

References (192)
  • 2
    • 85050707452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prosodic cues to semantic structure in native and nonnative listening
    • E. Akker, and A. Cutler Prosodic cues to semantic structure in native and nonnative listening Bilingualism: Lang. Cognit. 6 2003 81 96
    • (2003) Bilingualism: Lang. Cognit. , vol.6 , pp. 81-96
    • Akker, E.1    Cutler, A.2
  • 3
    • 2142812604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The perception of speech under adverse acoustic conditions
    • Speech Processing in the Auditory System
    • P.F. Assmann, and Q. Summerfield The perception of speech under adverse acoustic conditions S. Greenberg, W.A. Ainsworth, A.N. Popper, R.R. Fay, Speech Processing in the Auditory System Springer Handbook of Auditory Research Vol. 18 2004 Springer Berlin
    • (2004) Springer Handbook of Auditory Research , vol.18
    • Assmann, P.F.1    Summerfield, Q.2
  • 4
    • 84905549831 scopus 로고
    • Illusory continuity of interrupted speech: Speech rate determines durational limits
    • J.A. Bashford, M.D. Meyers, B.S. Brubaker, and R.M. Warren Illusory continuity of interrupted speech: speech rate determines durational limits J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 84 1988 1635 1638
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.84 , pp. 1635-1638
    • Bashford, J.A.1    Meyers, M.D.2    Brubaker, B.S.3    Warren, R.M.4
  • 5
    • 0023390434 scopus 로고
    • Multiple phonemic restorations follow the rules for auditory induction
    • J.A. Bashford, and R.M. Warren Multiple phonemic restorations follow the rules for auditory induction Percept. Psychophys. 42 1987 114 121
    • (1987) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.42 , pp. 114-121
    • Bashford, J.A.1    Warren, R.M.2
  • 7
    • 0035122093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination of non-native consonant contrasts varying in perceptual assimilation to the listener's native phonological system
    • C.T. Best, G.W. McRoberts, and E. Goodwell Discrimination of non-native consonant contrasts varying in perceptual assimilation to the listener's native phonological system J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 109 2 2001 775 794
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.109 , Issue.2 , pp. 775-794
    • Best, C.T.1    McRoberts, G.W.2    Goodwell, E.3
  • 8
    • 0042191680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit
    • T. Bent, and A.R. Bradlow The interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 114 2003 1600 1610
    • (2003) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.114 , pp. 1600-1610
    • Bent, T.1    Bradlow, A.R.2
  • 10
    • 73049168187 scopus 로고
    • Speech reception with altering signal
    • J.W. Black, and M.H. Hast Speech reception with altering signal J. Speech Hearing Res. 5 1962 70 75
    • (1962) J. Speech Hearing Res. , vol.5 , pp. 70-75
    • Black, J.W.1    Hast, M.H.2
  • 13
    • 78649333563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linguistic relativity in speech perception: An overview of the influence of language experience on the perception of speech sounds from infancy to adulthood
    • O.S. Bohn Linguistic relativity in speech perception: an overview of the influence of language experience on the perception of speech sounds from infancy to adulthood S. Niemeier, R. Dirven, Evidence for Linguistic Relativity 2000 John Benjamins Amsterdam and Philadelphia 1 28
    • (2000) Evidence for Linguistic Relativity , pp. 1-28
    • Bohn, O.S.1
  • 15
    • 84972090812 scopus 로고
    • Interlingual identification and the role of foreign language experience in L2 vowel perception
    • O.S. Bohn, and J.E. Flege Interlingual identification and the role of foreign language experience in L2 vowel perception Appl. Psycholinguist. 11 1990 303 328
    • (1990) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.11 , pp. 303-328
    • Bohn, O.S.1    Flege, J.E.2
  • 17
    • 0036308073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clear speech effect for non-native listeners
    • A.R. Bradlow, and T. Bent The clear speech effect for non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 112 2002 272 284
    • (2002) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.112 , pp. 272-284
    • Bradlow, A.R.1    Bent, T.2
  • 18
    • 34047272820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semantic and phonetic enhancements for speech-in-noise recognition by native and non-native listeners
    • A.R. Bradlow, and J.A. Alexander Semantic and phonetic enhancements for speech-in-noise recognition by native and non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 121 2007 2339 2349
    • (2007) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.121 , pp. 2339-2349
    • Bradlow, A.R.1    Alexander, J.A.2
  • 19
    • 78649317244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A perceptual phonetic similarity space for languages: Evidence from five native language listener groups
    • A.R. Bradlow, C.G. Clopper, R. Smiljanic, and M.A. Walter A perceptual phonetic similarity space for languages: evidence from five native language listener groups Speech Communication 52 2010 930 942
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 930-942
    • Bradlow, A.R.1    Clopper, C.G.2    Smiljanic, R.3    Walter, M.A.4
  • 20
    • 78649327356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Native and non-native listeners' perception of English consonants in different types of noise
    • M. Broersma, and O. Scharenborg Native and non-native listeners' perception of English consonants in different types of noise Speech Communication 52 2010 980 995
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 980-995
    • Broersma, M.1    Scharenborg, O.2
  • 23
    • 0035169173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informational and energetic masking effects in the perception of multiple simultaneous talkers
    • D.S. Brungart, B.D. Simpson, M.A. Ericson, and K.R. Scott Informational and energetic masking effects in the perception of multiple simultaneous talkers J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 100 2001 2527 2538
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.100 , pp. 2527-2538
    • Brungart, D.S.1    Simpson, B.D.2    Ericson, M.A.3    Scott, K.R.4
  • 25
    • 0022955333 scopus 로고
    • Native French listeners' perception of American-English in noise
    • Cambridge, USA
    • Buus, S., Florentine, M., Scharf, B., Canevet, G., 1986. Native French listeners' perception of American-English in noise. In: Proceedings of InterNoise 86, Cambridge, USA, pp. 895-898.
    • (1986) Proceedings of InterNoise 86 , pp. 895-898
    • Buuss1    Florentine, M.2    Scharf, B.3    Canevet, G.4
  • 27
    • 33748057483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience and the use of duration in the categorization of L2 vowels
    • J. Cebrian Experience and the use of duration in the categorization of L2 vowels J. Phonetics 34 2006 372 387
    • (2006) J. Phonetics , vol.34 , pp. 372-387
    • Cebrian, J.1
  • 28
    • 33646870588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Literal salience in on-line processing of idiomatic expressions by second language learners
    • A. Cieslicka Literal salience in on-line processing of idiomatic expressions by second language learners Second Lang. Res. 22 2006 115 144
    • (2006) Second Lang. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 115-144
    • Cieslicka, A.1
  • 29
    • 33644887994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grammatical processing in language learners
    • H. Clahsen, and C. Felser Grammatical processing in language learners Appl. Psycholinguist. 27 2006 3 42
    • (2006) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.27 , pp. 3-42
    • Clahsen, H.1    Felser, C.2
  • 30
    • 49949104311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dialect variation on speech intelligibility in noise
    • C.G. Clopper, and A.R. Bradlow Effects of dialect variation on speech intelligibility in noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 119 2006 3424
    • (2006) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.119 , pp. 3424
    • Clopper, C.G.1    Bradlow, A.R.2
  • 31
    • 37849011878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The foreign language cocktail party problem: Energetic and informational masking effects in non-native speech perception
    • M. Cooke, M.L. Garcia Lecumberri, and J.P. Barker The foreign language cocktail party problem: energetic and informational masking effects in non-native speech perception J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 123 2008 414 427
    • (2008) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.123 , pp. 414-427
    • Cooke, M.1    Garcia Lecumberri, M.L.2    Barker, J.P.3
  • 32
    • 78649330825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language-independent processing in speech perception: Identification of English intervocalic consonants by speakers of eight European languages
    • M. Cooke, M.L. Garcia Lecumberri, O. Scharenborg, and W.A. van Dommelen Language-independent processing in speech perception: identification of English intervocalic consonants by speakers of eight European languages Speech Communication 52 2010 954 967
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 954-967
    • Cooke, M.1    Garcia Lecumberri, M.L.2    Scharenborg, O.3    Van Dommelen, W.A.4
  • 33
    • 33644661135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glimpsing model of speech perception in noise
    • M. Cooke A glimpsing model of speech perception in noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 119 2006 1562 1573
    • (2006) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.119 , pp. 1562-1573
    • Cooke, M.1
  • 34
    • 0037608881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints of lexical stress on lexical access in English: Evidence from native and nonnative listeners
    • N. Cooper, A. Cutler, and R. Wales Constraints of lexical stress on lexical access in English: evidence from native and nonnative listeners Lang. Speech 45 2002 207 228
    • (2002) Lang. Speech , vol.45 , pp. 207-228
    • Cooper, N.1    Cutler, A.2    Wales, R.3
  • 35
    • 11144351041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of English phoneme confusions by native and non-native listeners
    • A. Cutler, A. Weber, R. Smits, and N. Cooper Patterns of English phoneme confusions by native and non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 116 2004 3668 3678
    • (2004) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.116 , pp. 3668-3678
    • Cutler, A.1    Weber, A.2    Smits, R.3    Cooper, N.4
  • 36
    • 24144453091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vowel perception: Effects of non-native language vs. non-native dialect
    • A. Cutler, R. Smits, and N. Cooper Vowel perception: effects of non-native language vs. non-native dialect Speech Commun. 47 2005 32 42
    • (2005) Speech Commun. , vol.47 , pp. 32-42
    • Cutler, A.1    Smits, R.2    Cooper, N.3
  • 38
    • 49249131199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consonant identification in noise by native and non-native listeners: Effects of local context
    • A. Cutler, M.L. Garcia Lecumberri, and M. Cooke Consonant identification in noise by native and non-native listeners: effects of local context J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 124 2008 1264 1268
    • (2008) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.124 , pp. 1264-1268
    • Cutler, A.1    Garcia Lecumberri, M.L.2    Cooke, M.3
  • 39
    • 33744548708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric mapping from phonetic to lexical representations in second-language listening
    • A. Cutler, A. Weber, and T. Otake Asymmetric mapping from phonetic to lexical representations in second-language listening J. Phonetics 34 2006 269 284
    • (2006) J. Phonetics , vol.34 , pp. 269-284
    • Cutler, A.1    Weber, A.2    Otake, T.3
  • 40
    • 38549171780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Listening to speech in the presence of other sounds
    • C.J. Darwin Listening to speech in the presence of other sounds Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. B 363 2008 1011 1021
    • (2008) Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. B , vol.363 , pp. 1011-1021
    • Darwin, C.J.1
  • 41
    • 0242609078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fundamental frequency and vocal-tract length changes on attention to one of two simultaneous talkers
    • C.J. Darwin, D.S. Brungart, and B.D. Simpson Effects of fundamental frequency and vocal-tract length changes on attention to one of two simultaneous talkers J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 114 2003 2913 2922
    • (2003) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.114 , pp. 2913-2922
    • Darwin, C.J.1    Brungart, D.S.2    Simpson, B.D.3
  • 42
    • 84979381089 scopus 로고
    • Markedness and the contractive analysis hypothesis
    • F.R. Eckman Markedness and the contractive analysis hypothesis Lang. Learn. 27 1977 315 330
    • (1977) Lang. Learn. , vol.27 , pp. 315-330
    • Eckman, F.R.1
  • 43
    • 21244438021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The specificity of perceptual learning in speech processing
    • F. Eisner, and J.M. McQueen The specificity of perceptual learning in speech processing Percept. Psychophys. 67 2005 224 238
    • (2005) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.67 , pp. 224-238
    • Eisner, F.1    McQueen, J.M.2
  • 45
    • 78649320549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do non-native listeners benefit as much as native listeners from spatial cues that release speech from masking?
    • P. Ezzatian, M. Avivi, and B. Schneider Do non-native listeners benefit as much as native listeners from spatial cues that release speech from masking? Speech Communication 52 2010 919 929
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 919-929
    • Ezzatian, P.1    Avivi, M.2    Schneider, B.3
  • 46
    • 0004554192 scopus 로고
    • Test of phonemic differentiation: The rhyme test
    • G. Fairbanks Test of phonemic differentiation: the rhyme test J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 30 1958 596 600
    • (1958) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.30 , pp. 596-600
    • Fairbanks, G.1
  • 47
    • 0025259936 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fluctuating noise and interfering speech on the speech reception threshold for impaired and normal hearing
    • J.M. Festen, and R. Plomp Effects of fluctuating noise and interfering speech on the speech reception threshold for impaired and normal hearing J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 88 1990 1725 1736
    • (1990) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.88 , pp. 1725-1736
    • Festen, J.M.1    Plomp, R.2
  • 48
    • 0010165001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of experience on adults' acquisition of a second language
    • J.E. Flege, and S. Liu The effect of experience on adults' acquisition of a second language Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. 23 2001 527 552
    • (2001) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. , vol.23 , pp. 527-552
    • Flege, J.E.1    Liu, S.2
  • 49
  • 50
    • 0001372107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of experience on nonnative subjects' production and perception of English vowels
    • J.E. Flege, O.S. Bohn, and S. Jang The effect of experience on nonnative subjects' production and perception of English vowels J. Phonetics 25 1997 437 470
    • (1997) J. Phonetics , vol.25 , pp. 437-470
    • Flege, J.E.1    Bohn, O.S.2    Jang, S.3
  • 51
    • 0031116370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amount of native-language (L1) use affects the pronunciation of an L2
    • J.E. Flege, A. Frieda, and T. Nozawa Amount of native-language (L1) use affects the pronunciation of an L2 J. Phonetics 25 1997 169 186
    • (1997) J. Phonetics , vol.25 , pp. 169-186
    • Flege, J.E.1    Frieda, A.2    Nozawa, T.3
  • 53
    • 0029069137 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting strength of perceived foreign accent in a second language
    • J.E. Flege, M.J. Munro, and I.R.A. Mackay Factors affecting strength of perceived foreign accent in a second language J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 97 1995 3125 3134
    • (1995) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.97 , pp. 3125-3134
    • Flege, J.E.1    Munro, M.J.2    MacKay, I.R.A.3
  • 54
    • 0002056519 scopus 로고
    • A critical period for learning to pronounce foreign languages?
    • J.E. Flege A critical period for learning to pronounce foreign languages? Appl. Linguist. 8 1987 162 177
    • (1987) Appl. Linguist. , vol.8 , pp. 162-177
    • Flege, J.E.1
  • 55
    • 0002419232 scopus 로고
    • The production and perception of foreign language speech sounds
    • J.E. Flege The production and perception of foreign language speech sounds H. Winitz, Human Communication and Its Disorders. A Review Vol. 1 1988 Ablex Publishers Norwood, NJ 224 401
    • (1988) Human Communication and Its Disorders. A Review , vol.1 , pp. 224-401
    • Flege, J.E.1
  • 57
    • 0012171487 scopus 로고
    • Speech reception thresholds in noise for native and non-native listeners
    • M. Florentine, S. Buus, B. Scharf, and G. Canevet Speech reception thresholds in noise for native and non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 75 1984 S84
    • (1984) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.75 , pp. 84
    • Florentine, M.1    Buus, S.2    Scharf, B.3    Canevet, G.4
  • 58
    • 0001370998 scopus 로고
    • Non-native listeners' perception of American-English in noise
    • Florentine, M., 1985. Non-native listeners' perception of American-English in noise. In: Proceedings of InterNoise, Munich, pp. 1021-1024.
    • (1985) Proceedings of InterNoise, Munich , pp. 1021-1024
    • Florentine, M.1
  • 59
    • 0028897983 scopus 로고
    • The perception of English and Spanish vowels by native English and Spanish listeners: A multidimensional scaling analysis
    • R.A. Fox, J.E. Flege, and M.J. Munro The perception of English and Spanish vowels by native English and Spanish listeners: a multidimensional scaling analysis J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 97 1995 2540 2552
    • (1995) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.97 , pp. 2540-2552
    • Fox, R.A.1    Flege, J.E.2    Munro, M.J.3
  • 61
    • 2142813014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of number of masking talkers and auditory priming on informational masking in speech recognition
    • R.L. Freyman, U. Balakrishnan, and K.S. Helfer Effect of number of masking talkers and auditory priming on informational masking in speech recognition J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 115 2004 2246 2256
    • (2004) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.115 , pp. 2246-2256
    • Freyman, R.L.1    Balakrishnan, U.2    Helfer, K.S.3
  • 62
    • 84907038594 scopus 로고
    • An effect of linguistic experience: Auditory word discrimination by native and non-native speakers of English
    • I.B. Gat, and R.W. Keith An effect of linguistic experience: auditory word discrimination by native and non-native speakers of English Audiology 17 1978 339 345
    • (1978) Audiology , vol.17 , pp. 339-345
    • Gat, I.B.1    Keith, R.W.2
  • 63
    • 33645366168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of masker type on native and non-native consonant perception in noise
    • M.L. Garcia Lecumberri, and M. Cooke Effect of masker type on native and non-native consonant perception in noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 119 2006 2445 2454
    • (2006) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.119 , pp. 2445-2454
    • Garcia Lecumberri, M.L.1    Cooke, M.2
  • 66
    • 0039058002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating form and meaning: A distributed model of speech perception
    • M. Gaskell, and W.D. Marslen-Wilson Integrating form and meaning: a distributed model of speech perception Lang. Cognit. Process. 12 1997 613 656
    • (1997) Lang. Cognit. Process. , vol.12 , pp. 613-656
    • Gaskell, M.1    Marslen-Wilson, W.D.2
  • 67
    • 76149136040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Native-language benefit for understanding speech-in-noise: The contribution of semantics
    • N. Golestani, S. Rosen, and S.K. Scott Native-language benefit for understanding speech-in-noise: the contribution of semantics Bilingualism: Lang. Cognit. 12 2009 385 392
    • (2009) Bilingualism: Lang. Cognit. , vol.12 , pp. 385-392
    • Golestani, N.1    Rosen, S.2    Scott, S.K.3
  • 69
    • 44949161037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studying bilinguals: Methodological and conceptual issues
    • F. Grosjean Studying bilinguals: methodological and conceptual issues Lang. Cognit. 1 1998 131 149
    • (1998) Lang. Cognit. , vol.1 , pp. 131-149
    • Grosjean, F.1
  • 71
    • 78649319156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • F. Grosjean Bilingual: Life and Reality 2010 Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • (2010) Bilingual: Life and Reality
    • Grosjean, F.1
  • 72
    • 0012854551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of L1 use on pronunciation in Quichua-Spanish bilinguals
    • S. Guion, J.E. Flege, and J. Loftin The effect of L1 use on pronunciation in Quichua-Spanish bilinguals J. Phonetics 28 2000 27 42
    • (2000) J. Phonetics , vol.28 , pp. 27-42
    • Guion, S.1    Flege, J.E.2    Loftin, J.3
  • 73
    • 0030537040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bimodal speech perception by native and non-native speakers of English: Factors influencing the McGurk effect
    • D.M. Hardison Bimodal speech perception by native and non-native speakers of English: factors influencing the McGurk effect Lang. Learn. 46 1996 3 73
    • (1996) Lang. Learn. , vol.46 , pp. 3-73
    • Hardison, D.M.1
  • 74
    • 84994913953 scopus 로고
    • Second language processing at different ages: Do younger learners pay more attention to prosodic cues to sentence structure
    • B. Harley, J. Howard, and D. Hart Second language processing at different ages: do younger learners pay more attention to prosodic cues to sentence structure Lang. Learn. 45 1995 43 71
    • (1995) Lang. Learn. , vol.45 , pp. 43-71
    • Harley, B.1    Howard, J.2    Hart, D.3
  • 75
    • 78649319048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audiovisual perception in adverse conditions: Language, speaker and listener effects
    • V. Hazan, J. Kim, and Y. Chen Audiovisual perception in adverse conditions: language, speaker and listener effects Speech Communication 52 2010 996 1009
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 996-1009
    • Hazan, V.1    Kim, J.2    Chen, Y.3
  • 76
    • 0034232034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cue-enhancement on consonant intelligibility in noise: Speaker and listener effects
    • V. Hazan, and A. Simpson The effect of cue-enhancement on consonant intelligibility in noise: speaker and listener effects Lang. Speech 43 2000 273 294
    • (2000) Lang. Speech , vol.43 , pp. 273-294
    • Hazan, V.1    Simpson, A.2
  • 77
    • 0032090027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cue-enhancement on the intelligibility of nonsense word and sentence materials presented in noise
    • V. Hazan, and A. Simpson The effect of cue-enhancement on the intelligibility of nonsense word and sentence materials presented in noise Speech Commun. 24 1998 211 226
    • (1998) Speech Commun. , vol.24 , pp. 211-226
    • Hazan, V.1    Simpson, A.2
  • 78
    • 78649328780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of English r-resonances on intelligibility of speech in noise for native English and German listeners
    • A. Heinrich, and S. Hawkins Influence of English r-resonances on intelligibility of speech in noise for native English and German listeners Speech Communication 52 2010 1038 1055
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 1038-1055
    • Heinrich, A.1    Hawkins, S.2
  • 79
    • 34748887201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonetic and lexical interferences in informational masking during speech-in-speech comprehension
    • M. Hoen, F. Meunier, C.-L. Grataloup, F. Pellegrino, N. Grimault, and F. Perrin Phonetic and lexical interferences in informational masking during speech-in-speech comprehension Speech Commun. 12 2007 905 916
    • (2007) Speech Commun. , vol.12 , pp. 905-916
    • Hoen, M.1    Meunier, F.2    Grataloup, C.-L.3    Pellegrino, F.4    Grimault, N.5    Perrin, F.6
  • 80
    • 0001359531 scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between intelligibility and frequency of occurrence of English words
    • D. Howes On the relationship between intelligibility and frequency of occurrence of English words J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 29 1957 296 305
    • (1957) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.29 , pp. 296-305
    • Howes, D.1
  • 81
    • 13544251472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lexical frequency and neighborhood density effects on the recognition of native and Spanish accented words by native English and Spanish listeners
    • S. Imai, A. Walley, and J.E. Flege Lexical frequency and neighborhood density effects on the recognition of native and Spanish accented words by native English and Spanish listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 117 2005 896 907
    • (2005) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.117 , pp. 896-907
    • Imai, S.1    Walley, A.2    Flege, J.E.3
  • 82
    • 85032070428 scopus 로고
    • Is there a structural foreign accent? A comparison of syntactic and phonological errors in second language acquisition
    • G. Ioup Is there a structural foreign accent? A comparison of syntactic and phonological errors in second language acquisition Lang. Learn. 34 1984 1 17
    • (1984) Lang. Learn. , vol.34 , pp. 1-17
    • Ioup, G.1
  • 83
    • 0028854626 scopus 로고
    • Mapping the perceptual magnet effect for speech using signal detection theory and multidimensional scaling
    • P. Iverson, and P.K. Kuhl Mapping the perceptual magnet effect for speech using signal detection theory and multidimensional scaling J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 99 1995 553 562
    • (1995) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.99 , pp. 553-562
    • Iverson, P.1    Kuhl, P.K.2
  • 84
    • 31744433656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the perception of voicing in syllable initial plosives in noise
    • J. Jiang, M. Chen, and A. Alwan On the perception of voicing in syllable initial plosives in noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 119 2006 1092 1105
    • (2006) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.119 , pp. 1092-1105
    • Jiang, J.1    Chen, M.2    Alwan, A.3
  • 85
    • 34249988818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesized speech intelligibility and persuasion: Speech rate and non-native listeners
    • C. Jones, L. Berry, and C. Stevens Synthesized speech intelligibility and persuasion: speech rate and non-native listeners Comput. Speech Lang. 21 2007 641 651
    • (2007) Comput. Speech Lang. , vol.21 , pp. 641-651
    • Jones, C.1    Berry, L.2    Stevens, C.3
  • 87
    • 0040177394 scopus 로고
    • An examination of the perceptual magnet effect
    • P.K. Kuhl An examination of the perceptual magnet effect J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 93 1993 2423 2423
    • (1993) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.93 , pp. 2423
    • Kuhl, P.K.1
  • 88
    • 85050842072 scopus 로고
    • Early linguistic experience and phonetic perception: Implications for theories of developmental speech production
    • P.K. Kuhl Early linguistic experience and phonetic perception: implications for theories of developmental speech production J. Phonetics 21 1993 125 139
    • (1993) J. Phonetics , vol.21 , pp. 125-139
    • Kuhl, P.K.1
  • 89
    • 0034710978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new view of language acquisition
    • P.K. Kuhl A new view of language acquisition Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 11850 11857
    • (2000) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 11850-11857
    • Kuhl, P.K.1
  • 90
    • 8344290376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early language acquisition: Cracking the speech code
    • P.K. Kuhl Early language acquisition: cracking the speech code Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 2004 831 843
    • (2004) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 831-843
    • Kuhl, P.K.1
  • 92
    • 0001653589 scopus 로고
    • The Lombard sign and the role of hearing in speech
    • H. Lane, and B. Tranel The Lombard sign and the role of hearing in speech J. Speech Hear. Res. 14 1971 677 709
    • (1971) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 677-709
    • Lane, H.1    Tranel, B.2
  • 93
    • 84930565705 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of second language speech
    • J. Leather, and A. James The acquisition of second language speech Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. 13 1991 305 341
    • (1991) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. , vol.13 , pp. 305-341
    • Leather, J.1    James, A.2
  • 94
    • 78649332959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of multi-speaker Mandarin tones in noise by native and non-native listeners
    • C.-Y. Lee, L. Tao, and Z.S. Bond Identification of multi-speaker Mandarin tones in noise by native and non-native listeners Speech Communication 52 2010 900 910
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 900-910
    • Lee, C.-Y.1    Tao, L.2    Bond, Z.S.3
  • 96
    • 0027160864 scopus 로고
    • Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/. The role of phonetic environment and talker variability in learning new perceptual categories
    • S.E. Lively, J.S. Logan, and D.B. Pisoni Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/. The role of phonetic environment and talker variability in learning new perceptual categories J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 94 1993 1242 1255
    • (1993) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.94 , pp. 1242-1255
    • Lively, S.E.1    Logan, J.S.2    Pisoni, D.B.3
  • 97
    • 0028067908 scopus 로고
    • Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/. III. Long-term retention of new phonetic categories
    • S.E. Lively, D.B. Pisoni, R.A. Yamada, Y. Tohkura, and T. Yamada Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/. III. Long-term retention of new phonetic categories J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 96 1994 2076 2087
    • (1994) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.96 , pp. 2076-2087
    • Lively, S.E.1    Pisoni, D.B.2    Yamada, R.A.3    Tohkura, Y.4    Yamada, T.5
  • 98
    • 0025980404 scopus 로고
    • Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/: A first report
    • J.S. Logan, S.E. Lively, and D.B. Pisoni Training Japanese listeners to identify English /r/ and /l/: A first report J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 89 1991 874 886
    • (1991) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.89 , pp. 874-886
    • Logan, J.S.1    Lively, S.E.2    Pisoni, D.B.3
  • 100
    • 84972468376 scopus 로고
    • Maturational constraints on language development
    • M. Long Maturational constraints on language development Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. 12 1990 251 285
    • (1990) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. , vol.12 , pp. 251-285
    • Long, M.1
  • 103
    • 0031914738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognizing spoken words: The neighborhood activation model
    • P.A. Luce, and D.B. Pisoni Recognizing spoken words: the neighborhood activation model Ear Hearing 19 1998 1 36
    • (1998) Ear Hearing , vol.19 , pp. 1-36
    • Luce, P.A.1    Pisoni, D.B.2
  • 104
    • 0035222156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The identification of English consonants by native speakers of Italian
    • I.R.A. Mackay, D. Meador, and J.E. Flege The identification of English consonants by native speakers of Italian Phonetica 58 2001 103 125
    • (2001) Phonetica , vol.58 , pp. 103-125
    • MacKay, I.R.A.1    Meador, D.2    Flege, J.E.3
  • 105
    • 0034945069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Category restructuring during second-language speech acquisition
    • I.R.A. Mackay, J.E. Flege, T. Piske, and C. Schirru Category restructuring during second-language speech acquisition J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 110 2001 516 528
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.110 , pp. 516-528
    • MacKay, I.R.A.1    Flege, J.E.2    Piske, T.3    Schirru, C.4
  • 106
    • 35848938042 scopus 로고
    • How can one measure the extent of a person's bilingual proficiency?
    • J. Macnamara How can one measure the extent of a person's bilingual proficiency? L.G. Kelly, Description and Measurement of Bilingualism 1969 University of Toronto Press Toronto 80 119
    • (1969) Description and Measurement of Bilingualism , pp. 80-119
    • MacNamara, J.1
  • 107
    • 84936526625 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • I. Maddieson Patterns of Sounds 1984 Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • (1984) Patterns of Sounds
    • Maddieson, I.1
  • 109
    • 84937190329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interlanguage phonetics and phonology: An introduction
    • R.C. Major Interlanguage phonetics and phonology: an introduction Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. 20 1998 131 137
    • (1998) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. , vol.20 , pp. 131-137
    • Major, R.C.1
  • 110
  • 112
    • 0028527631 scopus 로고
    • Levels of perceptual representation and process in lexical access: Words, phonemes, and features
    • W. Marslen-Wilson, and P. Warren Levels of perceptual representation and process in lexical access: words, phonemes, and features Psychol. Rev. 101 1994 653 675
    • (1994) Psychol. Rev. , vol.101 , pp. 653-675
    • Marslen-Wilson, W.1    Warren, P.2
  • 113
    • 78649318483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of energetic and informational masking on speech segmentation by native and non-native speakers
    • S.L. Mattys, L.M. Carroll, C.K. Li, and S.L. Chan Effects of energetic and informational masking on speech segmentation by native and non-native speakers Speech Communication 52 2010 887 899
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 887-899
    • Mattys, S.L.1    Carroll, L.M.2    Li, C.K.3    Chan, S.L.4
  • 114
    • 69549107660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognising speech under a processing load: Dissociating energetic from informational factors
    • S.L. Mattys, J. Brooks, and M. Cooke Recognising speech under a processing load: dissociating energetic from informational factors Cognit. Psychol. 59 2009 203 243
    • (2009) Cognit. Psychol. , vol.59 , pp. 203-243
    • Mattys, S.L.1    Brooks, J.2    Cooke, M.3
  • 115
    • 0030738798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age of second-language acquisition and perception of speech in noise
    • L. Mayo, M. Florentine, and S. Buus Age of second-language acquisition and perception of speech in noise J. Speech Lang. Hearing Res. 40 1997 686 693
    • (1997) J. Speech Lang. Hearing Res. , vol.40 , pp. 686-693
    • Mayo, L.1    Florentine, M.2    Buus, S.3
  • 116
  • 117
    • 39849093661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eight questions about spoken-word recognition
    • J.M. McQueen Eight questions about spoken-word recognition M.G. Gaskell, The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics 2007 Oxford University Press Oxford 37 53
    • (2007) The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics , pp. 37-53
    • McQueen, J.M.1
  • 118
    • 0033471353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lexical influence in phonetic decision making: Evidence from subcategorical mismatches
    • J.M. McQueen, D. Norris, and A. Cutler Lexical influence in phonetic decision making: Evidence from subcategorical mismatches J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Percept. Perform. 25 1999 1363 1389
    • (1999) J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Percept. Perform. , vol.25 , pp. 1363-1389
    • McQueen, J.M.1    Norris, D.2    Cutler, A.3
  • 119
    • 33846255312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonological abstraction in the mental lexicon
    • J.M. McQueen, A. Cutler, and D. Norris Phonological abstraction in the mental lexicon Cognit. Sci. 30 2006 1113 1126
    • (2006) Cognit. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 1113-1126
    • McQueen, J.M.1    Cutler, A.2    Norris, D.3
  • 121
  • 122
    • 0000739051 scopus 로고
    • The masking of speech
    • G.A. Miller The masking of speech Psychol. Bull. 44 1947 105 129
    • (1947) Psychol. Bull. , vol.44 , pp. 105-129
    • Miller, G.A.1
  • 123
    • 84955023511 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of perceptual confusions among some English consonants
    • G.A. Miller, and P. Nicely An analysis of perceptual confusions among some English consonants J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 27 1955 338 352
    • (1955) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.27 , pp. 338-352
    • Miller, G.A.1    Nicely, P.2
  • 124
    • 0024562112 scopus 로고
    • Some effects of talker variability on spoken word recognition
    • J.W. Mullennix, D.B. Pisoni, and C.S. Martin Some effects of talker variability on spoken word recognition J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 85 1989 365 378
    • (1989) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.85 , pp. 365-378
    • Mullennix, J.W.1    Pisoni, D.B.2    Martin, C.S.3
  • 125
    • 84937177583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of noise on the intelligibility of foreign-accented speech
    • M.J. Munro The effects of noise on the intelligibility of foreign-accented speech Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. 20 1998 139 154
    • (1998) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisit. , vol.20 , pp. 139-154
    • Munro, M.J.1
  • 126
    • 0023761280 scopus 로고
    • Identification of vowels in quiet, noise, and reverberation: Relationships with age and hearing loss
    • A.K. Nabelek Identification of vowels in quiet, noise, and reverberation: relationships with age and hearing loss J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 84 1988 476 484
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.84 , pp. 476-484
    • Nabelek, A.K.1
  • 127
    • 0021377340 scopus 로고
    • Perception of consonants in reverberation by native and non-native listeners
    • A.K. Nabelek, and A.M. Donahue Perception of consonants in reverberation by native and non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 75 1984 632 634
    • (1984) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.75 , pp. 632-634
    • Nabelek, A.K.1    Donahue, A.M.2
  • 128
    • 0020325263 scopus 로고
    • Monaural and binaural speech perception in reverberation for listeners of various ages
    • A.K. Nabelek, and P.K. Robinson Monaural and binaural speech perception in reverberation for listeners of various ages J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 71 1982 1242 1248
    • (1982) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.71 , pp. 1242-1248
    • Nabelek, A.K.1    Robinson, P.K.2
  • 129
    • 0016319164 scopus 로고
    • Monaural and binaural speech perception through hearing aids under noise and reverberation with normal and hearing-impaired listeners
    • A.K. Nabelek, and J.M. Pickett Monaural and binaural speech perception through hearing aids under noise and reverberation with normal and hearing-impaired listeners J. Speech Hearing Res. 17 1974 724 739
    • (1974) J. Speech Hearing Res. , vol.17 , pp. 724-739
    • Nabelek, A.K.1    Pickett, J.M.2
  • 131
    • 0020770179 scopus 로고
    • Children's perception of speech in reverberation
    • A.C. Neuman, and I. Hochberg Children's perception of speech in reverberation J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 73 1983 2145 2149
    • (1983) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.73 , pp. 2145-2149
    • Neuman, A.C.1    Hochberg, I.2
  • 132
    • 33745982593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonological and conceptual activation in speech comprehension
    • D. Norris, A. Cutler, J.M. McQueen, and S. Butterfield Phonological and conceptual activation in speech comprehension Cognit. Psychol. 53 2006 146 193
    • (2006) Cognit. Psychol. , vol.53 , pp. 146-193
    • Norris, D.1    Cutler, A.2    McQueen, J.M.3    Butterfield, S.4
  • 133
    • 43449086118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shortlist B: A Bayesian model of continuous speech recognition
    • D. Norris, and J.M. McQueen Shortlist B: a Bayesian model of continuous speech recognition Psychol. Rev. 115 2008 357 395
    • (2008) Psychol. Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 357-395
    • Norris, D.1    McQueen, J.M.2
  • 135
    • 33745205144 scopus 로고
    • Shortlist: A connectionist model of continuous speech recognition
    • D. Norris Shortlist: a connectionist model of continuous speech recognition Cognition 52 1994 189 234
    • (1994) Cognition , vol.52 , pp. 189-234
    • Norris, D.1
  • 136
    • 84965395212 scopus 로고
    • Speech perception as a talker-contingent process
    • L.C. Nygaard, M.S. Sommers, and D.B. Pisoni Speech perception as a talker-contingent process Psychol. Sci. 5 1994 42 46
    • (1994) Psychol. Sci. , vol.5 , pp. 42-46
    • Nygaard, L.C.1    Sommers, M.S.2    Pisoni, D.B.3
  • 138
    • 0034750222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting speech interference in classrooms
    • M. Picard, and J.S. Bradley Revisiting speech interference in classrooms Audiology 40 2001 221 244
    • (2001) Audiology , vol.40 , pp. 221-244
    • Picard, M.1    Bradley, J.S.2
  • 140
    • 12744262642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a mechanistic psychology of dialogue
    • M.J. Pickering, and S. Garrod Towards a mechanistic psychology of dialogue Behav. Brain Sci. 27 2004 169 226
    • (2004) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 169-226
    • Pickering, M.J.1    Garrod, S.2
  • 141
    • 0002536568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and L1 use effects on degree of foreign accent in English
    • Ohala, J., Hasegawa, Y., Ohala, M., Granville, D., Bailey, A. (Eds.) Department of Linguistics, San Francisco/Berkeley, CA
    • Piske, T., Mackay, I.R.A., 1999. Age and L1 use effects on degree of foreign accent in English. In: Ohala, J., Hasegawa, Y., Ohala, M., Granville, D., Bailey, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Department of Linguistics, San Francisco/Berkeley, CA, pp. 1433-1436.
    • (1999) Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Congress of Phonetic Sciences , pp. 1433-1436
    • Piske, T.1    MacKay, I.R.A.2
  • 144
    • 78649335736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-native durational patterns decrease speech intelligibility
    • H. Quene, and L.E. van Delft Non-native durational patterns decrease speech intelligibility Speech Communication 52 2010 911 918
    • (2010) Speech Communication , vol.52 , pp. 911-918
    • Quene, H.1    Van Delft, L.E.2
  • 145
    • 0023745250 scopus 로고
    • Detectability of words and nonwords in two kinds of noise
    • B.H. Repp, and R. Frost Detectability of words and nonwords in two kinds of noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 84 1988 1929 1932
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.84 , pp. 1929-1932
    • Repp, B.H.1    Frost, R.2
  • 146
    • 24944565955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release from informational masking by time reversal of native and non-native interfering speech
    • K.S. Rhebergen, N.J. Versfeld, and W.A. Dreschler Release from informational masking by time reversal of native and non-native interfering speech J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 118 2005 1274 1277
    • (2005) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.118 , pp. 1274-1277
    • Rhebergen, K.S.1    Versfeld, N.J.2    Dreschler, W.A.3
  • 147
    • 33749315248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bilingualism, noise and reverberation on speech perception by listeners with normal hearing
    • C. Rogers, J. Lister, D. Febo, J. Besing, and H. Abrams Effects of bilingualism, noise and reverberation on speech perception by listeners with normal hearing Appl. Psycholinguist. 27 2006 465 485
    • (2006) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.27 , pp. 465-485
    • Rogers, C.1    Lister, J.2    Febo, D.3    Besing, J.4    Abrams, H.5
  • 148
    • 10044281560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of noise and proficiency on intelligibility of Chinese-accented English
    • C.L. Rogers, J. Dalby, and K. Nishi Effects of noise and proficiency on intelligibility of Chinese-accented English Lang. Speech 47 2004 139 154
    • (2004) Lang. Speech , vol.47 , pp. 139-154
    • Rogers, C.L.1    Dalby, J.2    Nishi, K.3
  • 149
    • 0019752521 scopus 로고
    • Phonemic restoration: Insights from a new methodology
    • A.G. Samuel Phonemic restoration: insights from a new methodology J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 110 1981 474 494
    • (1981) J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. , vol.110 , pp. 474-494
    • Samuel, A.G.1
  • 150
    • 0001209049 scopus 로고
    • Word frequency effect and errors in the perception of speech
    • H. Savin Word frequency effect and errors in the perception of speech J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 35 1963 200 206
    • (1963) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.35 , pp. 200-206
    • Savin, H.1
  • 151
    • 0040788297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overlapping talk and the organization of turn-taking for conversation
    • E.A. Schegloff Overlapping talk and the organization of turn-taking for conversation Lang. Soc. 29 2000 1 63
    • (2000) Lang. Soc. , vol.29 , pp. 1-63
    • Schegloff, E.A.1
  • 152
    • 84977699815 scopus 로고
    • Foreign accents, language acquisition and cerebral dominance
    • T. Scovel Foreign accents, language acquisition and cerebral dominance Lang. Learn. 19 1969 245 253
    • (1969) Lang. Learn. , vol.19 , pp. 245-253
    • Scovel, T.1
  • 154
    • 0009445761 scopus 로고
    • Implications of a multiple critical periods hypothesis for second language learning
    • H. Seliger Implications of a multiple critical periods hypothesis for second language learning W. Ritchie, Second Language Acquisition Research 1978 Academic Press New York 11 20
    • (1978) Second Language Acquisition Research , pp. 11-20
    • Seliger, H.1
  • 155
    • 0036130166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of background noise on perception of English speech for Japanese listeners
    • T. Shimizu, K. Makishima, M. Yoshida, and H. Yamagishi Effect of background noise on perception of English speech for Japanese listeners Auris Nasus Larynx 29 2002 121 125
    • (2002) Auris Nasus Larynx , vol.29 , pp. 121-125
    • Shimizu, T.1    Makishima, K.2    Yoshida, M.3    Yamagishi, H.4
  • 156
    • 27744596913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consonant identification in N-talker babble is a nonmonotonic function of N
    • S. Simpson, and M. Cooke Consonant identification in N-talker babble is a nonmonotonic function of N J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 118 2005 2775 2778
    • (2005) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.118 , pp. 2775-2778
    • Simpson, S.1    Cooke, M.2
  • 157
    • 0013945027 scopus 로고
    • Cross-language study of perceptual confusion of plosive phonemes in two conditions of distortion
    • S. Singh Cross-language study of perceptual confusion of plosive phonemes in two conditions of distortion J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 40 1966 635 656
    • (1966) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.40 , pp. 635-656
    • Singh, S.1
  • 161
    • 0003109339 scopus 로고
    • Incomplete vs. divergent representations of unaccusativity in near-native grammars of Italian
    • A. Sorace Incomplete vs. divergent representations of unaccusativity in near-native grammars of Italian Second Lang. Res. 9 1993 22 48
    • (1993) Second Lang. Res. , vol.9 , pp. 22-48
    • Sorace, A.1
  • 163
    • 0346073365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross talk between native and second languages: Partial activation of an irrelevant lexicon
    • M. Spivey, and V. Marian Cross talk between native and second languages: partial activation of an irrelevant lexicon Psychol. Sci. 10 1999 281 284
    • (1999) Psychol. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 281-284
    • Spivey, M.1    Marian, V.2
  • 164
    • 84977687624 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary studies in the development of testing techniques for testing overall second language proficiency
    • B. Spolsky, B. Sigurd, M. Sato, E. Walker, and C. Arterburn Preliminary studies in the development of testing techniques for testing overall second language proficiency Lang. Learn. 18 1968 79 101
    • (1968) Lang. Learn. , vol.18 , pp. 79-101
    • Spolsky, B.1    Sigurd, B.2    Sato, M.3    Walker, E.4    Arterburn, C.5
  • 165
    • 0018906941 scopus 로고
    • A physical method for measuring speech-transmission quality
    • H.J.M. Steeneken, and T. Houtgast A physical method for measuring speech-transmission quality J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 67 1980 318 326
    • (1980) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.67 , pp. 318-326
    • Steeneken, H.J.M.1    Houtgast, T.2
  • 168
    • 84928222239 scopus 로고
    • Lexical access codes in visual and auditory word recognition
    • M. Taft Lexical access codes in visual and auditory word recognition Lang. Cognit. Process. 1 1986 297 308
    • (1986) Lang. Cognit. Process. , vol.1 , pp. 297-308
    • Taft, M.1
  • 169
    • 0025126564 scopus 로고
    • English consonant recognition in noise and in reverberation by Japanese and American listeners
    • Y. Takata, and A. Nabelek English consonant recognition in noise and in reverberation by Japanese and American listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 88 1990 663 666
    • (1990) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.88 , pp. 663-666
    • Takata, Y.1    Nabelek, A.2
  • 170
    • 52449129265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is second language lexical access prosodically constrained? Processing of word stress by French Canadian second language learners of English
    • A. Tremblay Is second language lexical access prosodically constrained? Processing of word stress by French Canadian second language learners of English Appl. Psycholinguist. 29 2008 553 584
    • (2008) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.29 , pp. 553-584
    • Tremblay, A.1
  • 172
    • 84910023621 scopus 로고
    • Auditory Word Recognition is Not More Sensitive to Word-initial than to Word-final Stimulus Information
    • van der Vlugt, M., Nooteboom, S., 1986. Auditory Word Recognition is Not More Sensitive to Word-initial than to Word-final Stimulus Information. IPO Annual Progress Report 21, pp. 41-49.
    • (1986) IPO Annual Progress Report , vol.21 , pp. 41-49
    • Van Der Vlugt, M.1    Nooteboom, S.2
  • 173
    • 0036217598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the intelligibility of speech in noise for non-native listeners
    • S.J. van Wijngaarden, H. Steeneken, and T. Houtgast Quantifying the intelligibility of speech in noise for non-native listeners J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 111 2002 1906 1916
    • (2002) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.111 , pp. 1906-1916
    • Van Wijngaarden, S.J.1    Steeneken, H.2    Houtgast, T.3
  • 175
    • 0037276430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory recognition of idioms by first and second speakers of English
    • D. Vanlancker-Sidtis Auditory recognition of idioms by first and second speakers of English Appl. Psycholinguist. 24 2003 45 57
    • (2003) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.24 , pp. 45-57
    • Vanlancker-Sidtis, D.1
  • 176
    • 78649318473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perception of English consonants in noise by native and Norwegian listeners
    • W.A. Van Dommelen, and V. Hazan Perception of English consonants in noise by native and Norwegian listeners Speech Commun. 52 2010 968 979
    • (2010) Speech Commun. , vol.52 , pp. 968-979
    • Van Dommelen, W.A.1    Hazan, V.2
  • 177
    • 78649317674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similarity and familiarity: Second language sentence recognition in first- and second-language multi-talker babble
    • K.J. Van Engen Similarity and familiarity: second language sentence recognition in first- and second-language multi-talker babble Speech Commun. 52 2010 943 953
    • (2010) Speech Commun. , vol.52 , pp. 943-953
    • Van Engen, K.J.1
  • 178
    • 33846199600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentence recognition in native- and foreign-language multi-talker background noise
    • K.J. Van Engen, and A.R. Bradlow Sentence recognition in native- and foreign-language multi-talker background noise J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 121 2007 519 526
    • (2007) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.121 , pp. 519-526
    • Van Engen, K.J.1    Bradlow, A.R.2
  • 180
    • 78649323835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The strength of foreign accent in Czech English under adverse listening conditions
    • J. Volin, and R. Skarnitzl The strength of foreign accent in Czech English under adverse listening conditions Speech Commun. 52 2010 1010 1021
    • (2010) Speech Commun. , vol.52 , pp. 1010-1021
    • Volin, J.1    Skarnitzl, R.2
  • 181
    • 2542453078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reception thresholds for sentences in bilingual (Spanish/English) and monolingual (English) listeners
    • D. von Hapsburg, C.A. Champlin, and S.R. Shetty Reception thresholds for sentences in bilingual (Spanish/English) and monolingual (English) listeners J. Amer. Acad. Audiol. 15 2004 88 98
    • (2004) J. Amer. Acad. Audiol. , vol.15 , pp. 88-98
    • Von Hapsburg, D.1    Champlin, C.A.2    Shetty, S.R.3
  • 182
    • 0036172114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding bilingualism and its impact on speech audiometry
    • D. von Hapsburg, and E.D. Peña Understanding bilingualism and its impact on speech audiometry J. Speech Lang. Hearing Res. 45 2002 202 213
    • (2002) J. Speech Lang. Hearing Res. , vol.45 , pp. 202-213
    • Von Hapsburg, D.1    Peña, E.D.2
  • 183
    • 0041805759 scopus 로고
    • Neurolinguistic considerations on the optimum age for second language learning
    • T. Walsh, and K. Diller Neurolinguistic considerations on the optimum age for second language learning K. Diller, Individual Diff. Universals Lang. Learn. Aptitude 1981 Newbury House Rowley, MA 3 21
    • (1981) Individual Diff. Universals Lang. Learn. Aptitude , pp. 3-21
    • Walsh, T.1    Diller, K.2
  • 184
    • 68249116827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of native language phonetic system on audio-visual speech perception
    • Y. Wang, D.M. Behne, and H. Jiang Influence of native language phonetic system on audio-visual speech perception J. Phonetics 37 2008 344 356
    • (2008) J. Phonetics , vol.37 , pp. 344-356
    • Wang, Y.1    Behne, D.M.2    Jiang, H.3
  • 185
    • 0015749654 scopus 로고
    • Consonant confusions in noise: A study of perceptual features
    • M.D. Wang, and R.C. Bilger Consonant confusions in noise: a study of perceptual features J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 54 1973 1248 1266
    • (1973) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.54 , pp. 1248-1266
    • Wang, M.D.1    Bilger, R.C.2
  • 186
    • 25144446902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual compensation for effects of echo and of reverberation on speech identification
    • A.J. Watkins Perceptual compensation for effects of echo and of reverberation on speech identification Acta Acustica United with Acustica 91 2005 892 901
    • (2005) Acta Acustica United with Acustica , vol.91 , pp. 892-901
    • Watkins, A.J.1
  • 187
    • 0014959117 scopus 로고
    • Perceptual restoration of missing speech sounds
    • R.M. Warren Perceptual restoration of missing speech sounds Science 167 1970 392 393
    • (1970) Science , vol.167 , pp. 392-393
    • Warren, R.M.1
  • 188
    • 0345770198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lexical competition in non-native spoken-word recognition
    • A. Weber, and A. Cutler Lexical competition in non-native spoken-word recognition J. Memory Lang. 50 2004 1 25
    • (2004) J. Memory Lang. , vol.50 , pp. 1-25
    • Weber, A.1    Cutler, A.2
  • 189
    • 45249084291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of bilingual speakers on the English and Spanish versions of the hearing in noise test (HINT)
    • W. Weiss, and J.J. Dempsey Performance of bilingual speakers on the English and Spanish versions of the hearing in noise test (HINT) J. Amer. Acad. Audiol. 19 2008 5 17
    • (2008) J. Amer. Acad. Audiol. , vol.19 , pp. 5-17
    • Weiss, W.1    Dempsey, J.J.2
  • 191
    • 84926984889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of perceptual cues and cue robustness
    • R. Wright A review of perceptual cues and cue robustness B. Hayes, R. Kirchner, D. Steriade, Phonetically-based Phonology 2004 Cambridge University Press
    • (2004) Phonetically-based Phonology
    • Wright, R.1
  • 192
    • 0024689279 scopus 로고
    • The locus of the effects of sentential-semantic context in spoken-word processing
    • P. Zwitserlood The locus of the effects of sentential-semantic context in spoken-word processing Cognition 32 1989 25 64
    • (1989) Cognition , vol.32 , pp. 25-64
    • Zwitserlood, P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.