Conopeptide characterization and classifications: An analysis using ConoServer

Toxicon

Volumn 55, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1491-1509

  Kaas, Quentin ^a   Westermann, Jan Christoph ^a   Craik, David J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cone snail venom; Conopeptide; ConoServer; Conotoxin; Conus venom

Indexed keywords

CYSTEINE; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR; PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID; PROTEIN PRECURSOR; SNAIL VENOM; VOLTAGE GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL; VOLTAGE GATED SODIUM CHANNEL;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BINDING AFFINITY; CLADISTICS; CONUS SNAIL; DNA SEQUENCE; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; MUTATION; NOMENCLATURE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; ONLINE ANALYSIS; PREDATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DATABASE; PROTEIN FAMILY; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PROTEIN TARGETING; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; SPECIES HABITAT; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; TOXIC SNAIL; TOXIN ANALYSIS; TOXIN STRUCTURE; ZOOGEOGRAPHY;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; CONOTOXINS; CONUS SNAIL; DATABASES, PROTEIN; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MOLLUSK VENOMS; POISONS; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, PROTEIN; SNAILS;

GASTROPODA;

EID: 77952240443     PISSN: 00410101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.03.002     Document Type: Article

References (134)

1. Aguilar M.B., López-Vera E., Ortiz E., Becerril B., Possani L.D., Olivera B.M., Heimer de la Cotera E.P. A novel conotoxin from Conus delessertii with posttranslationally modified lysine residues. Biochemistry 2005, 23:11130-11136.
2. Aguilar M.B., Flores-Torres A., Batista C.V., Falcon A., Lopez-Vera E., de la Cotera E.P. Structural characterization of five post-translationally modified isomorphs of a novel putative delta-conotoxin from the vermivorous snail Conus delessertii from the Mexican Caribbean Sea. Peptides 2009, 30:458-466.
3. Adams D.J., Alewood P.F., Craik D.J., Drinkwater R.D., Lewis R.J. Conotoxins and their potential pharmaceutical applications. Drug Dev. Res. 1999, 46:219-234.
4. Balaji R.A., Ohtake A., Sato K., Gopalakrishnakone P., Kini R.M., Seow K.T., Bay B.H. lambda-Conotoxins, a new family of conotoxins with unique disulfide pattern and protein folding. Isolation and characterization from the venom of Conus marmoreus. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:39516-39522.
5. Bandyopadhyay P.K., Colledge C.J., Walker C.S., Zhou L.M., Hillyard D.R., Olivera B.M. Conantokin-G precursor and its role in gamma-carboxylation by a vitamin K-dependent carboxylase from a Conus snail. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273:5447-5450.
6. Bandyopadhyay P.K., Garrett J.E., Shetty R.P., Keate T., Walker C.S., Olivera B.M. Gamma-Glutamyl carboxylation: an extracellular posttranslational modification that antedates the divergence of molluscs, arthropods, and chordates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002, 99:1264-1269.
7. Briggs J.C. Marine Zoogeography 1974, McGraw-Hill, New York.
8. Briggs J.C. Global Biogeography 1995, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
9. Brown M.A., Begley G.S., Czerwiec E., Stenberg L.M., Jacobs M., Kalume D.E., Roepstorff P., Stenflo J., Furie B.C., Furie B. Precursors of novel Gla-containing conotoxins contain a carboxy-terminal recognition site that directs gamma-carboxylation. Biochemistry 2005, 44:9150-9159.
10. Buczek O., Bulaj G., Olivera B.M. Conotoxins and the posttranslational modification of secreted gene products. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2005, 62:3067-3079.
11. Buczek O., Yoshikami D., Watkins M., Bulaj G., Jimenez E.C., Olivera B.M. Characterization of d-amino-acid-containing excitatory conotoxins and redefinition of the I-conotoxin superfamily. FEBS J. 2005, 272:4178-4188.
12. Buczek O., Wei D., Babon J.J., Yang X., Fiedler B., Chen P., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M., Bulaj G., Norton R.S. Structure and sodium channel activity of an excitatory I1-superfamily conotoxin. Biochemistry 2007, 46:9929-9940.
13. Chen J.S., Fan C.X., Hu K.P., Wei K.H., Zhong M.N. Studies on conotoxins of Conus betulinus. J. Nat. Toxins 1999, 8:341-349.
14. Chen P., Garrett J.E., Watkins M., Olivera B.M. Purification and characterization of a novel excitatory peptide from Conus distans venom that defines a novel gene superfamily of conotoxins. Toxicon 2008, 52:139-145.
15. Chi S.W., Kim D.H., Olivera B.M., McIntosh J.M., Han K.H. NMR structure determination of alpha-conotoxin BuIA, a novel neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist with an unusual 4/4 disulfide scaffold. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2006, 349:1228-1234.
16. Chiche L., Gaboriaud C., Heitz A., Mornon J.P., Castro B., Kollman P.A. Use of restrained molecular dynamics in water to determine three-dimensional protein structure: prediction of the three-dimensional structure of Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II. Proteins 1989, 6:405-417.
17. Cho J.H., Mok K.H., Olivera B.M., McIntosh J.M., Park K.H., Han K.H. Nuclear magnetic resonance solution conformation of alpha-conotoxin AuIB, an alpha(3)beta(4) subtype-selective neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:8680-8685.
18. Conticello S.G., Gilad Y., Avidan N., Ben-Asher E., Levy Z., Fainzilber M. Mechanisms for evolving hypervariability: the case of conopeptides. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2001, 18:120-131.
19. Corpuz G.P., Jacobsen R.B., Jimenez E.C., Watkins M., Walker C., Colledge C., Garrett J.E., McDougal O., Li W., Gray W.R., Hillyard D.R., Rivier J., McIntosh J.M., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. Definition of the M-conotoxin superfamily: characterization of novel peptides from molluscivorous Conus venoms. Biochemistry 2005, 44:8176-8186.
20. Craig A.G., Zafaralla G., Cruz L.J., Santos A.D., Hillyard D.R., Dykert J., Rivier J.E., Gray W.R., Imperial J., DelaCruz R.G., Sporning A., Terlau H., West P.J., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M. An O-glycosylated neuroexcitatory Conus peptide. Biochemistry 1998, 37:16019-16025.
21. Craig A.G., Bandyopadhyay P., Olivera B.M. Post-translationally modified neuropeptides from Conus venoms. Eur. J. Biochem. 1999, 264:271-275.
22. Craik D.J., Daly N.L., Bond T., Waine C. Plant cyclotides: a unique family of cyclic and knotted proteins that defines the cyclic cystine knot structural motif. J. Mol. Biol. 1999, 294:1327-1336.
23. Craik D.J., Daly N.L., Waine C. The cystine knot motif in toxins and implications for drug design. Toxicon 2001, 39:43-60.
24. Craik D.J., Adams D.J. Chemical modification of conotoxins to improve stability and activity. ACS Chem. Biol. 2007, 2:457-468.
25. Cruz L.J., Gray W.R., Olivera B.M. Purification and properties of a myotoxin from Conus geographus venom. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1978, 190:539-548.
26. Cruz L.J., Gray W.R., Olivera B.M., Zeikus R.D., Kerr L., Yoshikami D., Moczydlowski E. Conus geographus toxins that discriminate between neuronal and muscle sodium channels. J. Biol. Chem. 1985, 260:9280-9288.
27. Davis J., Jones A., Lewis R.J. Remarkable inter- and intra-species complexity of conotoxins revealed by LC/MS. Peptides 2009, 30:1222-1227.
28. Dellisanti C.D., Yao Y., Stroud J.C., Wang Z.Z., Chen L. Crystal structure of the extracellular domain of nAChR alpha1 bound to alpha-bungarotoxin at 1.94 Å resolution. Nat. Neurosci. 2007, 10:953-962.
29. Du W.H., Han Y.H., Huang F.J., Li J., Chi C.W., Fang W.H. Solution structure of an M-1 conotoxin with a novel disulfide linkage. FEBS J. 2007, 274:2596-2602.
30. Duda T.F., Palumbi S.R. Molecular genetics of ecological diversification: duplication and rapid evolution of toxin genes of the venomous gastropod Conus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1999, 96:6820-6823.
31. Duda T.F., Kohn J.A., Palumbi S.R. Origins of diverse feeding ecologies within Conus, a genus of venomous marine gastropods. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2001, 73:391-409.
32. Duda T.F., Palumbi S.R. Gene expression and feeding ecology: evolution of piscivory in the venomous gastropod genus Conus. Proc. Biol. Sci. 2004, 271:1165-1174.
33. Duda T.F., Kohn A.J. Species-level phylogeography and evolutionary history of the hyperdiverse marine gastropod genus Conus. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2005, 34:257-272.
34. Duda T.F., Bolin M.B., Meyer C.P., Kohn A.J. Hidden diversity in a hyperdiverse gastropod genus: discovery of previously unidentified members of a Conus species complex. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2008, 49:867-876.
35. Duda T.F., Remigio E.A. Variation and evolution of toxin gene expression patterns of six closely related venomous marine snails. Mol. Ecol. 2008, 17:3018-3032.
36. Duda T.F., Kohn A.J., Matheny A.M. Cryptic species differentiated in Conus ebraeus, a widespread tropical marine gastropod. Biol. Bull. 2009, 217:292-305.
37. Duda T.F., Chang D., Lewis B.D., Lee T. Geographic variation in venom allelic composition and diets of the widespread predatory marine gastropod Conus ebraeus. PLoS One 2009, 4:e6245.
38. Dutertre S., Lewis R.J. Computational approaches to understand alpha-conotoxin interactions at neuronal nicotinic receptors. Eur. J. Biochem. 2004, 271:2327-2334.
39. Dutton J.L., Craik D.J. alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8:327-344.
40. Einerwold J., Jaseja M., Hapner K., Webb B., Copié V. Solution structure of the carboxyl-terminal cysteine-rich domain of the VHv1.1 polydnaviral gene product: comparison with other cystine knot structural folds. Biochemistry 2001, 40:14404-14412.
41. Ekman S.P. Zoogeography of the Sea 1953, Sidgwick and Jackson, London.
42. Ellison M.A., McIntosh J.M., Olivera B.M. alpha-Conotoxins ImI and ImII: similar alpha 7 nicotinic receptor antagonists act at different sites. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:757-764.
43. Endean R., Parrish G., Gyr P. Pharmacology of the venom of Conus geographus. Toxicon 1974, 12:131.
44. England L.J., Imperial J., Jacobsen R., Craig A.G., Gulyas J., Akhtar M., Rivier J., Julius D., Olivera B.M. Inactivation of a serotonin-gated ion channel by a polypeptide toxin from marine snails. Science 1998, 281:575-578.
45. Espiritu D.J., Watkins M., Dia-Monje V., Cartier G.E., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. Venomous cone snails: molecular phylogeny and the generation of toxin diversity. Toxicon 2001, 39:1899-1916.
46. Fainzilber M., Gordon D., Hasson A., Spira M.E., Zlotkin E. Mollusc-specific toxins from the venom of Conus textile neovicarius. Eur. J. Biochem 1991, 202:589-595.
47. Fainzilber M., van der Schors R., Lodder J.C., Li K.W., Geraerts W.P., Kits K.S. New sodium channel-blocking conotoxins also affect calcium currents in Lymnaea neurons. Biochemistry 1995, 34:5364-5371.
48. Fainzilber M., Nakamura T., Gaathon A., Lodder J.C., Kits K.S., Burlingame A.L., Zlotkin E. A new cysteine framework in sodium channel blocking conotoxins. Biochemistry 1995, 34:8649-8656.
49. Fainzilber M., Nakamura T., Lodder J.C., Zlotkin E., Kits K.S., Burlingame A.L. gamma-Conotoxin-PnVIIA, a gamma-carboxyglutamate-containing peptide agonist of neuronal pacemaker cation currents. Biochemistry 1998, 37:1470-1477.
50. Fan C.X., Chen X.K., Zhang C., Wang L.X., Duan K.L., He L.L., Cao Y., Liu S.Y., Zhong M.N., Ulens C., Tytgat J., Chen J.S., Chi C.W., Zhou Z. A novel conotoxin from Conus betulinus, kappa-BtX, unique in cysteine pattern and in function as a specific BK channel modulator. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:12624-12633.
51. Fegan D., Andresen D. Conus geographus envenomation. Lancet 1997, 349:1672.
52. Ferber M., Sporning A., Jeserich G., DeLaCruz R., Watkins M., Olivera B.M., Terlau H. A novel Conus peptide ligand for K channels. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:2177-2183.
53. Fletcher J.I., Smith R., O'Donoghue S.I., Nilges M., Connor M., Howden M.E., Christie M.J., King G.F. The structure of a novel insecticidal neurotoxin, omega-atracotoxin-HV1, from the venom of an Australian funnel web spider. Nat. Struct. Biol. 1997, 4:559-566.
54. Franco A., Pisarewicz K., Moller C., Mora D., Fields G.B., Marì F. Hyperhydroxylation: a new strategy for neuronal targeting by venomous marine molluscs. Prog. Mol. Subcell. Biol. 2006, 43:83-103.
55. Gehrmann J., Daly N.L., Alewood P.F., Craik D.J. Solution structure of alpha-conotoxin ImI by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42:2364-2372.
56. Gracy J., Le-Nguyen D., Gelly J.C., Kaas Q., Heitz A., Chiche L. KNOTTIN: the knottin or inhibitor cystine knot scaffold in 2007. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008, 36:D314-D319.
57. Gray W.R., Luque A., Olivera B.M., Barrett J., Cruz L.J. Peptide toxins from Conus geographus venom. J. Biol. Chem. 1981, 256:4734-4740.
58. Gray W.R., Olivera B.M., Cruz L.J. Peptide toxins from venomous Conus snails. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1988, 57:665-700.
59. Han Y.H., Wang Q., Jiang H., Liu L., Xiao C., Yuan D.D., Shao X.X., Dai Q.Y., Cheng J.S., Chi C.W. Characterization of novel M-superfamily conotoxins with new disulfide linkage. FEBS J. 2006, 273:4972-4982.
60. Han Y., Huang F., Jiang H., Liu L., Wang Q., Wang Y., Shao X., Chi C., Du W., Wang C. Purification and structural characterization of a d-amino acid-containing conopeptide, conomarphin, from Conus marmoreus. FEBS J. 2008, 275:1976-1987.
61. Hopkins C., Grilley M., Miller C., Shon K.J., Cruz L.J., Gray W.R., Dykert J., Rivier J., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M. A new family of Conus peptides targeted to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270:22361-22367.
62. Hu S.H., Gehrmann J., Guddat L.W., Alewood P.F., Craik D.J., Martin J.L. The 1.1 Å crystal structure of the neuronal acetylcholine receptor antagonist, alpha-conotoxin PnIA from Conus pennaceus. Structure 1996, 4:417-423.
63. Imperial J.S., Bansal P.S., Alewood P.F., Daly N.L., Craik D.J., Sporning A., Terlau H., López-Vera E., Bandyopadhyay P.K., Olivera B.M. A novel conotoxin inhibitor of Kv1.6 channel and nAChR subtypes defines a new superfamily of conotoxins. Biochemistry 2006, 45:8331-8340.
64. Jacobsen R., Yoshikami D., Ellison M., Martinez J., Gray W.R., Cartier G.E., Shon K.J., Groebe D.R., Abramson S.N., Olivera B.M., McIntosh J.M. Differential targeting of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by novel alphaA-conotoxins. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272:22531-22537.
65. Janes R.W. alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 2005, 5:280-292.
66. Jimenez E.C., Shetty R.P., Lirazan M., Rivier J., Walker C., Abogadie F.C., Yoshikami D., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. Novel excitatory Conus peptides define a new conotoxin superfamily. J. Neurochem. 2003, 85:610-621.
67. Jimenez E.C., Olivera B.M., Teichert R.W. AlphaC-conotoxin PrXA: a new family of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists. Biochemistry 2007, 46:8717-8724.
68. Kaas Q., Westermann J.C., Halai R., Wang C.K., Craik D.J. ConoServer, a database for conopeptide sequences and structures. Bioinformatics 2008, 24:445-446.
69. Kalume D.E., Stenflo J., Czerwiec E., Hambe B., Furie B.C., Furie B., Roepstorff P. Structure determination of two conotoxins from Conus textile by a combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and biochemical methods. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 35:145-156.
70. Kang T.S., Vivekanandan S., Jois S.D., Kini R.M. Effect of C-terminal amidation on folding and disulfide-pairing of alpha-conotoxin ImI. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2005, 44:6333-6337.
71. Kauferstein S., Huys I., Kuch U., Melaun C., Tytgat J., Mebs D. Novel conopeptides of the I-superfamily occur in several clades of cone snails. Toxicon 2004, 44:539-548.
72. Keizer D.W., West P.J., Lee E.F., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M., Bulaj G., Norton R.S. Structural basis for tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel binding by mu-conotoxin SmIIIA. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:46805-46813.
73. Kerr L.M., Yoshikami D. A venom peptide with a novel presynaptic blocking action. Nature 1984, 308:282-284.
74. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and distance geometry calculations. Biochemistry 1989, 28:4853-4860.
75. Kohn A.J. Food specialization in Conus in Hawaii and California. Ecology 1966, 47:1041-1043.
76. Lancelin J.M., Kohda D., Tate S., Yanagawa Y., Abe T., Satake M., Inagaki F. Tertiary structure of conotoxin GIIIA in aqueous solution. Biochemistry 1991, 30:6908-6916.
77. Lewis R.J. Conotoxins: molecular and therapeutic targets. Prog. Mol. Subcell. Biol. 2009, 46:45-65.
78. Lirazan M.B., Hooper D., Corpuz G.P., Ramilo C.A., Bandyopadhyay P., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. The spasmodic peptide defines a new conotoxin superfamily. Biochemistry 2000, 39:1583-1588.
79. Liu L., Wu X., Yuan D., Chi C., Wang C. Identification of a novel S-superfamily conotoxin from vermivorous Conus caracteristicus. Toxicon 2008, 51:1331-1337.
80. Livett B.G., Gayler K.R., Khalil Z. Drugs from the sea: conopeptides as potential therapeutics. Curr. Med. Chem. 2004, 11:1715-1723.
81. Livett B.G., Sandall D.W., Keays D., Down J., Gayler K.R., Satkunanathan N., Khalil Z. Therapeutic applications of conotoxins that target the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Toxicon 2006, 48:810-829.
82. Lluisma A.O., López-Vera E., Bulaj G., Watkins M., Olivera B.M. Characterization of a novel psi-conotoxin from Conus parius Reeve. Toxicon 2008, 51:174-180.
83. + channel. Science 2005, 309:897-903.
84. Loughnan M., Nicke A., Jones A., Schroeder C.I., Nevin S.T., Adams D.J., Alewood P.F., Lewis R.J. Identification of a novel class of nicotinic receptor antagonists: dimeric conotoxins VxXIIA, VxXIIB, and VxXIIC from Conus vexillum. J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281:24745-24755.
85. Loughnan M.L., Nicke A., Lawrence N., Lewis R.J. Novel alpha D-conopeptides and their precursors identified by cDNA cloning define the D-conotoxin superfamily. Biochemistry 2009, 48:3717-3729.
86. Luo S., Zhangsun D., Wu Y., Zhu X., Xie L., Hu Y., Zhang J., Zhao X. Identification and molecular diversity of T-superfamily conotoxins from Conus lividus and Conus litteratus. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2006, 68:97-106.
87. Marx U.C., Daly N.L., Craik D.J. NMR of conotoxins: structural features and an analysis of chemical shifts of post-translationally modified amino acids. Magn. Reson. Chem. 2006, 44:S41-S50.
88. McIntosh J.M., Olivera B.M., Cruz L.J., Gray W.R. Gamma-carboxyglutamate in a neuroactive toxin. J. Biol. Chem. 1984, 259:14343-14346.
89. McIntosh J.M., Hasson A., Spira M.E., Gray W.R., Li W., Marsh M., Hillyard D.R., Olivera B.M. A new family of conotoxins that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270:16796-16802.
90. McIntosh J.M., Santos A.D., Olivera B.M. Conus peptides targeted to specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1999, 68:59-88.
91. McIntosh J.M., Corpuz G.O., Layer R.T., Garrett J.E., Wagstaff J.D., Bulaj G., Vyazovkina A., Yoshikami D., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. Isolation and characterization of a novel Conus peptide with apparent antinociceptive activity. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:32391-32397.
92. McManus O.B., Musick J.R., Gonzalez C. Peptides isolated from the venom of Conus geographus block neuromuscular transmission. Neurosci. Lett. 1981, 25:57-62.
93. Miljanich G.P. Ziconotide: neuronal calcium channel blocker for treating severe chronic pain. Curr. Med. Chem. 2004, 11:3029-3040.
94. Millard E.L., Daly N.L., Craik D.J. Structure-activity relationships of alpha-conotoxins targeting neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Eur. J. Biochem. 2004, 271:2320-2326.
95. Möller C., Rahmankhah S., Lauer-Fields J., Bubis J., Fields G.B., Mari F. A novel conotoxin framework with a helix-loop-helix (Cs alpha/alpha) fold. Biochemistry 2005, 44:15986-15996.
96. Mondal S., Babu R.M., Bhavna R., Ramakumar S. In silico detection of binding mode of J-superfamily conotoxin pl14a with Kv1.6 channel. In Silico Biol. 2007, 7:175-186.
97. Olivera B.M., McIntosh J.M., Cruz L.J., Luque F.A., Gray W.R. Purification and sequence of a presynaptic peptide toxin from Conus geographus venom. Biochemistry 1984, 23:5087-5090.
98. Olivera B.M., Gray W.R., Zeikus R., McIntosh J.M., Varga J., Rivier J., de Santos V., Cruz L.J. Peptide neurotoxins from fish-hunting cone snails. Science 1985, 230:1338-1343.
99. Olivera B.M. E.E. Just Lecture, 1996. Conus venom peptides, receptor and ion channel targets, and drug design: 50 million years of neuropharmacology. Mol. Biol. Cell. 1997, 8:2101-2109.
100. Olivera B.M., Cruz L.J. Conotoxins, in retrospect. Toxicon 2001, 39:7-14.
101. Olivera B.M. Conus venom peptides: reflections from the biology of clades and species. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2002, 33:25-47.
102. Olivera B.M. Conus peptides: biodiversity-based discovery and exogenomics. J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281:31173-31177.
103. Olivera B.M., Quik M., Vincler M., McIntosh J.M. Subtype-selective conopeptides targeted to nicotinic receptors: concerted discovery and biomedical applications. Channels 2008, 2:143-152.
104. Peng C., Tang S., Pi C., Liu J., Wang F., Wang L., Zhou W., Xu A. Discovery of a novel class of conotoxin from Conus litteratus, lt14a, with a unique cysteine pattern. Peptides 2006, 27:2174-2181.
105. Peng C., Liu L., Shao X., Chi C., Wang C. Identification of a novel class of conotoxins defined as V-conotoxins with a unique cysteine pattern and signal peptide sequence. Peptides 2008, 29:985-991.
106. Pi C., Liu Y., Peng C., Jiang X., Liu J., Xu B., Yu X., Yu Y., Jiang X., Wang L., Dong M., Chen S., Xu A.L. Analysis of expressed sequence tags from the venom ducts of Conus striatus: focusing on the expression profile of conotoxins. Biochimie 2006, 88:131-140.
107. Pi C., Liu J., Peng C., Liu Y., Jiang X., Zhao Y., Tang S., Wang L., Dong M., Chen S., Xu A. Diversity and evolution of conotoxins based on gene expression profiling of Conus litteratus. Genomics 2006, 88:809-819.
108. Pisarewicz K., Mora D., Pflueger F.C., Fields G.B., Mari F. Polypeptide chains containing d-gamma-hydroxyvaline. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127:6207-6215.
109. Ramilo C.A., Zafaralla G.C., Nadasdi L., Hammerland L.G., Yoshikami D., Gray W.R., Kristipati R., Ramachandran J., Miljanich G., Olivera B.M. Novel alpha- and omega-conotoxins from Conus striatus venom. Biochemistry 1992, 31:9919-9926.
110. 2 influx. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1999, 96:5758-5763.
111. Röckel D., Korn W., Kohn A.J. Manual of the Living Conidae 1995, Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden.
112. Sato S., Nakamura H., Ohizumi Y., Kobayashi J., Hirata Y. The amino acid sequences of homologous hydroxyproline-containing myotoxins from the marine snail Conus geographus venom. FEBS Lett. 1983, 155:277-280.
113. Santos A.D., McIntosh J.M., Hillyard D.R., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M. The A-superfamily of conotoxins: structural and functional divergence. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279:17596-17606.
114. Sharpe I.A., Gehrmann J., Loughnan M.L., Thomas L., Adams D.A., Atkins A., Palant E., Craik D.J., Adams D.J., Alewood P.F., Lewis R.J. Two new classes of conopeptides inhibit the alpha1-adrenoceptor and noradrenaline transporter. Nat. Neurosci. 2001, 4:902-907.
115. Shon K.J., Grilley M., Jacobsen R., Cartier G.E., Hopkins C., Gray W.R., Watkins M., Hillyard D.R., Rivier J., Torres J., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M. A noncompetitive peptide inhibitor of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Conus purpurascens venom. Biochemistry 1997, 36:9581-9587.
116. Teichert R.W., Rivier J., Dykert J., Cervini L., Gulyas J., Bulaj G., Ellison M., Olivera B.M. AlphaA-conotoxin OIVA defines a new alphaA-conotoxin subfamily of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitors. Toxicon 2004, 44:207-214.
117. Teichert R.W., Rivier J., Torres J., Dykert J., Miller C., Olivera B.M. A uniquely selective inhibitor of the mammalian fetal neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J. Neurosci. 2005, 25:732-736.
118. Teichert R.W., Jimenez E.C., Olivera B.M. Alpha S-conotoxin RVIIIA: a structurally unique conotoxin that broadly targets nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Biochemistry 2005, 44:7897-7902.
119. Teichert R.W., López-Vera E., Gulyas J., Watkins M., Rivier J., Olivera B.M. Definition and characterization of the short alphaA-conotoxins: a single residue determines dissociation kinetics from the fetal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Biochemistry 2006, 45:1304-1312.
120. Teichert R.W., Jacobsen R., Terlau H., Yoshikami D., Olivera B.M. Discovery and characterization of the short kappaA-conotoxins: a novel subfamily of excitatory conotoxins. Toxicon 2007, 49:318-328.
121. Terlau H., Shon K.J., Grilley M., Stocker M., Stühmer W., Olivera B.M. Strategy for rapid immobilization of prey by a fish-hunting marine snail. Nature 1996, 381:148-151.
122. Terlau H., Olivera B.M. Conus venoms: a rich source of novel ion channel-targeted peptides. Physiol. Rev. 2004, 84:41-68.
123. Twede V.D., Miljanich G., Olivera B.M., Bulaj G. Neuroprotective and cardioprotective conopeptides: an emerging class of drug leads. Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Devel. 2009, 12:231-239.
124. Van Wagoner R.M., Jacobsen R.B., Olivera B.M., Ireland C.M. Characterization and three-dimensional structure determination of psi-conotoxin Piiif, a novel noncompetitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Biochemistry 2003, 42:6353-6362.
125. 10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor to treat severe pain. Expert. Opin. Ther. Targets 2007, 11:891-897.
126. Walker C.S., Steel D., Jacobsen R.B., Lirazan M.B., Cruz L.J., Hooper D., Shetty R., DelaCruz R.C., Nielsen J.S., Zhou L.M., Bandyopadhyay P., Craig A.G., Olivera B.M. The T-superfamily of conotoxins. J. Biol. Chem. 1999, 274:30664-30671.
127. Walker C.S., Jensen S., Ellison M., Matta J.A., Lee W.Y., Imperial J.S., Duclos N., Brockie P.J., Madsen D.M., Isaac J.T., Olivera B., Maricq A.V. A novel Conus snail polypeptide causes excitotoxicity by blocking desensitization of AMPA receptors. Curr. Biol. 2009, 19:900-908.
128. Wang L., Pi C., Liu J., Chen S., Peng C., Sun D., Zhou M., Xiang H., Ren Z., Xu A. Identification and characterization of a novel O-superfamily conotoxin from Conus litteratus. J. Pept. Sci. 2008, 14:1077-1083.
129. Westermann J.C., Craik D.J. NMR in peptide drug development. Methods in Molecular Biology Series 2008, vol. 494:87-113. Humana Press. L. Otvos (Ed.).
130. Woodward S.R., Cruz L.J., Olivera B.M., Hillyard D.R. Constant and hypervariable regions in conotoxin propeptides. EMBO J. 1990, 9:1015-1020.
131. Yuan D.D., Han Y.H., Wang C.G., Chi C.W. From the identification of gene organization of alpha conotoxins to the cloning of novel toxins. Toxicon 2007, 49:1135-1149.
132. Yuan D.D., Liu L., Shao X.X., Peng C., Chi C.W., Guo Z.Y. Isolation and cloning of a conotoxin with a novel cysteine pattern from Conus caracteristicus. Peptides 2008, 29:1521-1525.
133. Yuan D.D., Liu L., Shao X.X., Peng C., Chi C.W., Guo Z.Y. New conotoxins define the novel I3-superfamily. Peptides 2009, 30:861-865.
134. Zhangsun D., Luo S., Wu Y., Zhu X., Hu Y., Xie L. Novel O-superfamily conotoxins identified by cDNA cloning from three vermivorous Conus species. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2006, 68:256-265.