Polymer solar cells: Recent development and possible routes for improvement in the performance

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Volumn 94, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 114-127

  Cai, Wanzhu ^a   Gong, Xiong ^a   Cao, Yong ^a  

^a SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

Manufacturing process; Polymer solar cells; Power conversion efficiency; Stability

Indexed keywords

CLEAN ENERGY SOURCES; MANUFACTURING PROCESS; OPERATIONAL PRINCIPLES; PLASTIC SUBSTRATES; POLYMER SOLAR CELLS; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; PRINTING TECHNIQUES;

CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING; POLYMERS; PRODUCTION ENGINEERING; SOLAR CELLS;

SOLAR ENERGY;

EID: 72149117112     PISSN: 09270248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2009.10.005     Document Type: Review

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129. Krebs F.C., and Norrman K. Analysis of the failure mechanism for a stable organic photovoltaic during 10 000 h of testing. Prog. Photovolt.: Res. Appl. 15 (2007) 697-712
130. Kawano K., Pacios R., Poplavskyy D., Nelson J., Bradley D.D.C., and Durrant J.R. Degradation of organic solar cells due to air exposure. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 3520-3530
131. Kreb F.C., Thomann Y., Thomann R., and Andreasen J.W. A simple nanostructured polymer/ZnO hybrid solar cell-preparation and operation in air. Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 424013-424025
132. Krebs F.C. Air stable polymer photovoltaics based on a process free from vacuum steps and fullerenes. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 715-726
133. Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Bulk heterojunctions based on native polythiophene. Chem. Mater. 20 (2008) 4386-4390
134. Jerring M., Nielsen J.S., Nielsen N.C., and Krebs F.C. Polythiophene by Solution Processing. Macromolecules 40 (2007) 6012-6013
135. Petersen M.H., Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Thermocleavable low band gap polymers and solar cells therefrom with remarkable stability toward oxygen. Macromolecules 41 (2008) 8986-8994
136. Neugebauer H., Brabec C., Hummelen J.C., and Sariciftci N.S. Stability and photodegradation mechanisms of conjugated polymer/fullerene plastic solar cells, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 61 (2000) 35-42
137. Gadisa A., Tvingstedt K., Admassie S., Lindell L., Crispin X., Andersson M.R., Salaneck W.R., and Inganäs O. Transparent polymer cathode for organic photovoltaic devices. Synth. Met. 156 (2006) 1102-1107
138. Winther-Jensen F.C.K. High-conductivity large-area semi-transparent electrodes for polymer photovoltaics by silk screen printing and vapour-phase deposition. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 123-132
139. Myung-Gyu K., and Jay G.L. Nanoimprinted semitransparent metal electrodes and their application in organic light-emitting diodes. Adv. Mater. 19 (2007) 1391-1396
140. Wu Z., Chen Z., Du X., Lgan J.M., Sippel J., Nikolou M., Kamaras K., Reynolds J.R., Tanner D.B., Hebard A.F., and Rinzler A.G. Transparent conductive carbon nanotube films. Science 305 (2004) 1273-1276
141. Aernouts T., Vanlaeke P., Geens W., Poortmans J., Heremans P., Borghs S., Mertens R., Andriessen R., and Leenders L. Printable anodes for flexible organic solar cell modules. Thin Solid Films 451-452 (2004) 22-25
142. Tvingstedt K., and Inganäs O. Electrode grids for ITO-free organic photovoltaic devices. Adv. Mater. 19 (2007) 2893-2897
143. Lee J.Y., Connor S.T., Cui Y., and Peumans P. Solution-processed metal nanowire mesh transparent electrodes. Nano Lett. 8 (2008) 689-692
144. Zimmermann B., Glatthaar M., Niggemann M., Riede M.K., Hinsch A., and Gombert A. ITO-free wrap through organic solar cells-a module concept for cost-efficient reel-to-reel production. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 374-378
145. Strange M., Plackett D., Kaasgaard M., and Krebs F.C. Biodegradable polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 805-813
146. Krebs F.C., Jørgensen M., Norrman K., Hagemann O., Alstrup J., Nielsen T.D., Fyenbo J., Larsen K., and Kristensen J. A complete process for production of flexible large area polymer solar cells entirely using screen printing-first publicde monstration. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 422-441
147. Krebs F.C., Spanggard H., Kjær T., Biancardo M., and Alstrup J. Large area plastic solar cell modules. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 138 (2007) 106-111
148. Krebs F.C., Alstrup J., Spanggaard H., Larsen K., and Kold E. Production of large-area polymer solar cells by industrial silk screen printing, lifetime considerations and lamination with polyethyleneterephthalate. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 83 (2004) 293-300
149. Krebs F.C. Roll-to-roll fabrication of monolithic large-area polymer solar cells free from indium-tin-oxide. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 1636-1641
150. Krebs F.C. Polymer solar cell modules prepared using roll-to-roll methods: knife-over-edge coating, slot-die coating and screen printing. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 465-475
151. Krebs F.C. All solution roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cells free from indium-tin-oxide and vacuum coating steps. Org. Electron. 10 (2009) 761-768
152. Niggemann M., Zimmermann B., Haschke J., Glatthaar M., and Gombert A. Organic solar cell modules for specific applications-from energy autonomous systems to large area photovoltaics. Thin Solid Films 516 (2008) 7181-7187
153. Lungenschmied C., Dennler G., Neugebauer H., Sariciftci S.N., Glatthaar M., Meyer T., and Meyer A. Flexible, long-lived, large-area, organic solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 379-384
154. Shaheen S.E., Radspinner R., Peyghambarian N., and Jabbour G.E. Fabrication of bulk heterojunction plastic solar cells by screen printing. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 (2001) 2996-2998
155. Tipnis R., Bernkopf J., Jia S.J., Krieg J., Li S., Storch M., and Laird D. Large-area organic photovoltaic module-fabrication and performance. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 442-446
156. Blankenburg L., Schultheis K., Schache H., Sensfuss S., and Schrödner M. Reel-to-reel wet coating as an efficient up-scaling technique for the production of bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93 (2009) 476-483
157. Krebs F.C., Gevorgyan S.A., and Alstrup J. A roll-to-roll process to flexible polymer solar cells: model studies, manufacture and operational stability studies. J. Mater. Chem 19 (2009) 5442-5451