메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 583-596

The Hypermetabolic Response to Burn Injury and Interventions to Modify this Response

Author keywords

blockade; Burns; Catabolism; Catecholamines; Hypermetabolism; Wasting

Indexed keywords

ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN; EXENDIN 4; FENOFIBRATE; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; INSULIN; KETOCONAZOLE; MUSCLE PROTEIN; OXANDROLONE; PROPRANOLOL; SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN 3; SOMATOMEDIN C;

EID: 70349314619     PISSN: 00941298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2009.05.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (176)

References (138)
  • 1
    • 0033854925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of muscle catabolism after severe burn
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Mlcak R., et al. Persistence of muscle catabolism after severe burn. Surgery 128 2 (2000) 312-319
    • (2000) Surgery , vol.128 , Issue.2 , pp. 312-319
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Mlcak, R.3
  • 2
    • 0001890368 scopus 로고
    • The metabolic response to burns
    • Reiss E., Pearson E., and Artz C.P. The metabolic response to burns. J Clin Invest 35 1 (1956) 62-77
    • (1956) J Clin Invest , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-77
    • Reiss, E.1    Pearson, E.2    Artz, C.P.3
  • 3
    • 0025019707 scopus 로고
    • Growth delay in postburn pediatric patients
    • Rutan R.L., and Herndon D.N. Growth delay in postburn pediatric patients. Arch Surg 125 3 (1990) 392-395
    • (1990) Arch Surg , vol.125 , Issue.3 , pp. 392-395
    • Rutan, R.L.1    Herndon, D.N.2
  • 4
    • 0017281856 scopus 로고
    • Insulin response to glucose in hypermetabolic burn patients
    • Wilmore D.W., Mason Jr. A.D., and Pruitt Jr. B.A. Insulin response to glucose in hypermetabolic burn patients. Ann Surg 183 3 (1976) 314-320
    • (1976) Ann Surg , vol.183 , Issue.3 , pp. 314-320
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Mason Jr., A.D.2    Pruitt Jr., B.A.3
  • 5
    • 0032916518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic basis of the increase of the increase in energy expenditure in severely burned patients
    • Yu Y.M., Tompkins R.G., Ryan C.M., et al. The metabolic basis of the increase of the increase in energy expenditure in severely burned patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 23 3 (1999) 160-168
    • (1999) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 160-168
    • Yu, Y.M.1    Tompkins, R.G.2    Ryan, C.M.3
  • 6
    • 34249060580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of concepts of stress
    • Goldstein D.S., and Kopin I.J. Evolution of concepts of stress. Stress 10 2 (2007) 109-120
    • (2007) Stress , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 109-120
    • Goldstein, D.S.1    Kopin, I.J.2
  • 7
    • 0000221213 scopus 로고
    • Stress and the general adaptation syndrome
    • Selye H. Stress and the general adaptation syndrome. Br Med J 1 4667 (1950) 1383-1392
    • (1950) Br Med J , vol.1 , Issue.4667 , pp. 1383-1392
    • Selye, H.1
  • 8
    • 33845692353 scopus 로고
    • An extra-adrenal action of adrenotropic hormone
    • Selye H. An extra-adrenal action of adrenotropic hormone. Nature 168 4265 (1951) 149-150
    • (1951) Nature , vol.168 , Issue.4265 , pp. 149-150
    • Selye, H.1
  • 9
    • 0008689864 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive reaction to stress
    • Selye H., and Fortier C. Adaptive reaction to stress. Psychosom Med 12 3 (1950) 149-157
    • (1950) Psychosom Med , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 149-157
    • Selye, H.1    Fortier, C.2
  • 10
    • 0016292807 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamines: mediator of the hypermetabolic response to thermal injury
    • Wilmore D.W., Long J.M., Mason Jr. A.D., et al. Catecholamines: mediator of the hypermetabolic response to thermal injury. Ann Surg 180 4 (1974) 653-669
    • (1974) Ann Surg , vol.180 , Issue.4 , pp. 653-669
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Long, J.M.2    Mason Jr., A.D.3
  • 11
    • 52449093714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiologic response to severe burn injury
    • Jeschke M.G., Chinkes D.L., Finnerty C.C., et al. Pathophysiologic response to severe burn injury. Ann Surg 248 3 (2008) 387-401
    • (2008) Ann Surg , vol.248 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-401
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Chinkes, D.L.2    Finnerty, C.C.3
  • 12
    • 0018221089 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic changes in burned patients
    • Wilmore D.W., and Aulick L.H. Metabolic changes in burned patients. Surg Clin North Am 58 6 (1978) 1173-1187
    • (1978) Surg Clin North Am , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 1173-1187
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Aulick, L.H.2
  • 13
    • 33646756587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of factors contributing to hepatomegaly in severely burned children
    • Barrow R.E., Hawkins H.K., Aarsland A., et al. Identification of factors contributing to hepatomegaly in severely burned children. Shock 24 6 (2005) 523-528
    • (2005) Shock , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 523-528
    • Barrow, R.E.1    Hawkins, H.K.2    Aarsland, A.3
  • 14
    • 30144443589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of beta-adrenergic blockade in preventing trauma-induced hepatomegaly
    • Barrow R.E., Wolfe R.R., Dasu M.R., et al. The use of beta-adrenergic blockade in preventing trauma-induced hepatomegaly. Ann Surg 243 1 (2006) 115-120
    • (2006) Ann Surg , vol.243 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-120
    • Barrow, R.E.1    Wolfe, R.R.2    Dasu, M.R.3
  • 15
    • 0035950685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of catabolism by beta-blockade after severe burns
    • Herndon D.N., Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., et al. Reversal of catabolism by beta-blockade after severe burns. N Engl J Med 345 17 (2001) 1223-1229
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , Issue.17 , pp. 1223-1229
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Hart, D.W.2    Wolf, S.E.3
  • 16
    • 0023183488 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of lipolysis in severely burned children
    • Wolfe R.R., Herndon D.N., Peters E.J., et al. Regulation of lipolysis in severely burned children. Ann Surg 206 2 (1987) 214-221
    • (1987) Ann Surg , vol.206 , Issue.2 , pp. 214-221
    • Wolfe, R.R.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Peters, E.J.3
  • 17
    • 40549084682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burn size determines the inflammatory and hypermetabolic response
    • Jeschke M.G., Mlcak R.P., Finnerty C.C., et al. Burn size determines the inflammatory and hypermetabolic response. Crit Care 11 4 (2007) R90
    • (2007) Crit Care , vol.11 , Issue.4
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Mlcak, R.P.2    Finnerty, C.C.3
  • 18
    • 0036153041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of predictive methods to estimate resting energy expenditure of thermally-injured patients
    • Dickerson R.N., Gervasio J.M., Riley M.L., et al. Accuracy of predictive methods to estimate resting energy expenditure of thermally-injured patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 26 1 (2002) 17-29
    • (2002) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-29
    • Dickerson, R.N.1    Gervasio, J.M.2    Riley, M.L.3
  • 20
    • 0030926285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged use of propranolol safely decreases cardiac work in burned children
    • Baron P.W., Barrow R.E., Pierre E.J., et al. Prolonged use of propranolol safely decreases cardiac work in burned children. J Burn Care Rehabil 18 3 (1997) 223-227
    • (1997) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-227
    • Baron, P.W.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Pierre, E.J.3
  • 21
    • 2942592296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support of the metabolic response to burn injury
    • Herndon D.N., and Tompkins R.G. Support of the metabolic response to burn injury. Lancet 363 9424 (2004) 1895-1902
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , Issue.9424 , pp. 1895-1902
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Tompkins, R.G.2
  • 22
    • 0024373701 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic skeletal muscle proteolysis: the role of the hormonal environment
    • Bessey P.Q., Jiang Z.M., Johnson D.J., et al. Posttraumatic skeletal muscle proteolysis: the role of the hormonal environment. World J Surg 13 4 (1989) 465-471
    • (1989) World J Surg , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 465-471
    • Bessey, P.Q.1    Jiang, Z.M.2    Johnson, D.J.3
  • 23
    • 0032165647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticatabolic and anabolic strategies in critical illness: a review of current treatment modalities
    • Chang D.W., DeSanti L., and Demling R.H. Anticatabolic and anabolic strategies in critical illness: a review of current treatment modalities. Shock 10 3 (1998) 155-160
    • (1998) Shock , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 155-160
    • Chang, D.W.1    DeSanti, L.2    Demling, R.H.3
  • 24
  • 25
    • 23944455362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post burn muscle wasting and the effects of treatments
    • Pereira C., Murphy K., Jeschke M., et al. Post burn muscle wasting and the effects of treatments. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37 10 (2005) 1948-1961
    • (2005) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.37 , Issue.10 , pp. 1948-1961
    • Pereira, C.1    Murphy, K.2    Jeschke, M.3
  • 26
    • 0033810083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of skeletal muscle catabolism after severe burn
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Chinkes D.L., et al. Determinants of skeletal muscle catabolism after severe burn. Ann Surg 232 4 (2000) 455-465
    • (2000) Ann Surg , vol.232 , Issue.4 , pp. 455-465
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Chinkes, D.L.3
  • 27
    • 0023890905 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the protein metabolic response to burn injury
    • Jahoor F., Desai M., Herndon D.N., et al. Dynamics of the protein metabolic response to burn injury. Metabolism 37 4 (1988) 330-337
    • (1988) Metabolism , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 330-337
    • Jahoor, F.1    Desai, M.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 28
    • 0014336305 scopus 로고
    • Tissue composition of weight loss in surgical patients. I. Elective operation
    • Kinney J.M., Long C.L., Gump F.E., et al. Tissue composition of weight loss in surgical patients. I. Elective operation. Ann Surg 168 3 (1968) 459-474
    • (1968) Ann Surg , vol.168 , Issue.3 , pp. 459-474
    • Kinney, J.M.1    Long, C.L.2    Gump, F.E.3
  • 29
    • 0019425572 scopus 로고
    • Review: acute versus chronic response to burn injury
    • Wolfe R.R. Review: acute versus chronic response to burn injury. Circ Shock 8 1 (1981) 105-115
    • (1981) Circ Shock , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-115
    • Wolfe, R.R.1
  • 30
    • 0029783344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal injury in rats alters glucose utilization by skin, wound, and small intestine, but not by skeletal muscle
    • Carter E.A., Tompkins R.G., Babich J.W., et al. Thermal injury in rats alters glucose utilization by skin, wound, and small intestine, but not by skeletal muscle. Metabolism 45 9 (1996) 1161-1167
    • (1996) Metabolism , vol.45 , Issue.9 , pp. 1161-1167
    • Carter, E.A.1    Tompkins, R.G.2    Babich, J.W.3
  • 31
    • 0017749303 scopus 로고
    • Influence of the burn wound on local and systemic responses to injury
    • Wilmore D.W., Aulick L.H., Mason A.D., et al. Influence of the burn wound on local and systemic responses to injury. Ann Surg 186 4 (1977) 444-458
    • (1977) Ann Surg , vol.186 , Issue.4 , pp. 444-458
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Aulick, L.H.2    Mason, A.D.3
  • 32
    • 36048998446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Burn Association consensus conference to define sepsis and infection in burns
    • Greenhalgh D.G., Saffle J.R., Holmes J.H.T., et al. American Burn Association consensus conference to define sepsis and infection in burns. J Burn Care Res 28 6 (2007) 776-790
    • (2007) J Burn Care Res , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 776-790
    • Greenhalgh, D.G.1    Saffle, J.R.2    Holmes, J.H.T.3
  • 33
    • 54249169026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of systemic fungal infection and related mortality following severe burns
    • Murray C.K., Loo F.L., Hospenthal D.R., et al. Incidence of systemic fungal infection and related mortality following severe burns. Burns 34 8 (2008) 1108-1112
    • (2008) Burns , vol.34 , Issue.8 , pp. 1108-1112
    • Murray, C.K.1    Loo, F.L.2    Hospenthal, D.R.3
  • 34
    • 2642643745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burn wound infections: current status
    • Pruitt Jr. B.A., McManus A.T., Kim S.H., et al. Burn wound infections: current status. World J Surg 22 2 (1998) 135-145
    • (1998) World J Surg , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-145
    • Pruitt Jr., B.A.1    McManus, A.T.2    Kim, S.H.3
  • 35
    • 0000475557 scopus 로고
    • Urinary output of adrenaline and noradrenaline in severe thermal burns
    • Goodall M., Stone C., and Haynes Jr. B.W. Urinary output of adrenaline and noradrenaline in severe thermal burns. Ann Surg 145 4 (1957) 479-487
    • (1957) Ann Surg , vol.145 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-487
    • Goodall, M.1    Stone, C.2    Haynes Jr., B.W.3
  • 36
    • 0037733002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of early excision and aggressive enteral feeding on hypermetabolism, catabolism, and sepsis after severe burn
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Chinkes D.L., et al. Effects of early excision and aggressive enteral feeding on hypermetabolism, catabolism, and sepsis after severe burn. J Trauma 54 4 (2003) 755-764
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 755-764
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Chinkes, D.L.3
  • 37
    • 70349369125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed January 13, 2009
    • Thermoregulation. The American Heritage Dictionary. Available at: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/thermoregulation. Accessed January 13, 2009.
    • Thermoregulation. The American Heritage Dictionary
  • 38
    • 0014256024 scopus 로고
    • [The treatment of thermal burns with dry, warm air]
    • [in Russian]
    • Barr P.O., Birke G., and Liliedal S.O. [The treatment of thermal burns with dry, warm air]. Eksp Khir Anesteziol 13 2 (1968) 39-43 [in Russian]
    • (1968) Eksp Khir Anesteziol , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 39-43
    • Barr, P.O.1    Birke, G.2    Liliedal, S.O.3
  • 39
    • 0014641946 scopus 로고
    • Studies on burns. X. Changes in BMR and evaporative water loss in the treatment of severe burns with warm dry air
    • Barr P.O., Birke G., Liljedahl S.O., et al. Studies on burns. X. Changes in BMR and evaporative water loss in the treatment of severe burns with warm dry air. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 3 1 (1969) 30-38
    • (1969) Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-38
    • Barr, P.O.1    Birke, G.2    Liljedahl, S.O.3
  • 40
    • 1842311875 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic response to thermal trauma: II. Nutritional studies with rats at two environmental temperatures
    • Caldwell F.T. Metabolic response to thermal trauma: II. Nutritional studies with rats at two environmental temperatures. Ann Surg 155 1 (1962) 119-126
    • (1962) Ann Surg , vol.155 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-126
    • Caldwell, F.T.1
  • 41
    • 0014739609 scopus 로고
    • Does increased evaporative water loss cause hypermetabolism in burned patients?
    • Zawacki B.E., Spitzer K.W., Mason Jr. A.D., et al. Does increased evaporative water loss cause hypermetabolism in burned patients?. Ann Surg 171 2 (1970) 236-240
    • (1970) Ann Surg , vol.171 , Issue.2 , pp. 236-240
    • Zawacki, B.E.1    Spitzer, K.W.2    Mason Jr., A.D.3
  • 42
    • 0023235333 scopus 로고
    • Effect of severe burn injury on substrate cycling by glucose and fatty acids
    • Wolfe R.R., Herndon D.N., Jahoor F., et al. Effect of severe burn injury on substrate cycling by glucose and fatty acids. N Engl J Med 317 7 (1987) 403-408
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , Issue.7 , pp. 403-408
    • Wolfe, R.R.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Jahoor, F.3
  • 43
    • 62349125715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pediatric burned patient
    • Herndon D.N. (Ed), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia
    • Lee J., and Herndon D.N. The pediatric burned patient. In: Herndon D.N. (Ed). Total burn care. 3rd edition (2007), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia 485-493
    • (2007) Total burn care. 3rd edition , pp. 485-493
    • Lee, J.1    Herndon, D.N.2
  • 44
    • 0016807727 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ambient temperature on heat production and heat loss in burn patients
    • Wilmore D.W., Mason Jr. A.D., Johnson D.W., et al. Effect of ambient temperature on heat production and heat loss in burn patients. J Appl Phys 38 4 (1975) 593-597
    • (1975) J Appl Phys , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 593-597
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Mason Jr., A.D.2    Johnson, D.W.3
  • 45
    • 84912420535 scopus 로고
    • Mediators of metabolism
    • Herndon D.N. Mediators of metabolism. J Trauma 21 (1981) 701-705
    • (1981) J Trauma , vol.21 , pp. 701-705
    • Herndon, D.N.1
  • 46
    • 0021848015 scopus 로고
    • Enteral feeding in burn hypermetabolism: nutritional and metabolic effects of different levels of calorie and protein intake
    • Dominioni L., Trocki O., Fang C.H., et al. Enteral feeding in burn hypermetabolism: nutritional and metabolic effects of different levels of calorie and protein intake. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 9 3 (1985) 269-279
    • (1985) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 269-279
    • Dominioni, L.1    Trocki, O.2    Fang, C.H.3
  • 47
    • 0021176753 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of prevention of postburn hypermetabolism and catabolism by early enteral feeding
    • Mochizuki H., Trocki O., Dominioni L., et al. Mechanism of prevention of postburn hypermetabolism and catabolism by early enteral feeding. Ann Surg 200 3 (1984) 297-310
    • (1984) Ann Surg , vol.200 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-310
    • Mochizuki, H.1    Trocki, O.2    Dominioni, L.3
  • 48
    • 0016169920 scopus 로고
    • Dietary requirements of patients with major burns
    • Curreri P.W., Richmond D., Marvin J., et al. Dietary requirements of patients with major burns. J Am Diet Assoc 65 4 (1974) 415-417
    • (1974) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.65 , Issue.4 , pp. 415-417
    • Curreri, P.W.1    Richmond, D.2    Marvin, J.3
  • 49
    • 0015061788 scopus 로고
    • Supranormal dietary intake in thermally injured hypermetabolic patients
    • Wilmore D.W., Curreri P.W., Spitzer K.W., et al. Supranormal dietary intake in thermally injured hypermetabolic patients. Surg Gynecol Obstet 132 5 (1971) 881-886
    • (1971) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.132 , Issue.5 , pp. 881-886
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Curreri, P.W.2    Spitzer, K.W.3
  • 50
    • 0024271655 scopus 로고
    • Reassessing caloric requirements in pediatric burn patients
    • Hildreth M.A., Herndon D.N., Desai M.H., et al. Reassessing caloric requirements in pediatric burn patients. J Burn Care Rehabil 9 6 (1988) 616-618
    • (1988) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 616-618
    • Hildreth, M.A.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Desai, M.H.3
  • 51
    • 0024549676 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of conservative versus early excision: therapies in severely burned patients
    • Herndon D.N., Barrow R.E., Rutan R.L., et al. A comparison of conservative versus early excision: therapies in severely burned patients. Ann Surg 209 5 (1989) 547-553
    • (1989) Ann Surg , vol.209 , Issue.5 , pp. 547-553
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Rutan, R.L.3
  • 52
    • 0023105153 scopus 로고
    • Failure of TPN supplementation to improve liver function, immunity, and mortality in thermally injured patients
    • Herndon D.N., Stein M.D., Rutan T.C., et al. Failure of TPN supplementation to improve liver function, immunity, and mortality in thermally injured patients. J Trauma 27 2 (1987) 195-204
    • (1987) J Trauma , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 195-204
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Stein, M.D.2    Rutan, T.C.3
  • 53
    • 0034933708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total parenteral nutrition: potion or poison?
    • Jeejeebhoy K.N. Total parenteral nutrition: potion or poison?. Am J Clin Nutr 74 2 (2001) 160-163
    • (2001) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.74 , Issue.2 , pp. 160-163
    • Jeejeebhoy, K.N.1
  • 54
    • 0024840382 scopus 로고
    • Caloric needs of adolescent patients with burns
    • Hildreth M.A., Herndon D.N., Desai M.H., et al. Caloric needs of adolescent patients with burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 10 6 (1989) 523-526
    • (1989) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 523-526
    • Hildreth, M.A.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Desai, M.H.3
  • 55
    • 0025129660 scopus 로고
    • Total energy expenditure in burned children using the doubly labeled water technique
    • Goran M.I., Peters E.J., Herndon D.N., et al. Total energy expenditure in burned children using the doubly labeled water technique. Am J Phys 259 4 Pt 1 (1990) E576-E585
    • (1990) Am J Phys , vol.259 , Issue.4 PART 1
    • Goran, M.I.1    Peters, E.J.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 56
    • 0024998222 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of resting energy expenditures and caloric intake in children with severe burns
    • Gore D.C., Rutan R.L., Hildreth M., et al. Comparison of resting energy expenditures and caloric intake in children with severe burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 11 5 (1990) 400-404
    • (1990) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 400-404
    • Gore, D.C.1    Rutan, R.L.2    Hildreth, M.3
  • 57
    • 0036144122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy expenditure and caloric balance after burn: increased feeding leads to fat rather than lean mass accretion
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Herndon D.N., et al. Energy expenditure and caloric balance after burn: increased feeding leads to fat rather than lean mass accretion. Ann Surg 235 1 (2002) 152-161
    • (2002) Ann Surg , vol.235 , Issue.1 , pp. 152-161
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 58
    • 84944361652 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory changes induced by the large glucose loads of total parenteral nutrition
    • Askanazi J., Rosenbaum S.H., Hyman A.I., et al. Respiratory changes induced by the large glucose loads of total parenteral nutrition. J Am Med Assoc 243 14 (1980) 1444-1447
    • (1980) J Am Med Assoc , vol.243 , Issue.14 , pp. 1444-1447
    • Askanazi, J.1    Rosenbaum, S.H.2    Hyman, A.I.3
  • 59
    • 0031870736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overfeeding macronutrients to critically ill adults: metabolic complications
    • Klein C.J., Stanek G.S., and Wiles III C.E. Overfeeding macronutrients to critically ill adults: metabolic complications. J Am Diet Assoc 98 7 (1998) 795-806
    • (1998) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.98 , Issue.7 , pp. 795-806
    • Klein, C.J.1    Stanek, G.S.2    Wiles III, C.E.3
  • 60
    • 22144434453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hyperglycemia and the innate immune system: clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects
    • Turina M., Fry D.E., and Polk Jr. H.C. Acute hyperglycemia and the innate immune system: clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects. Crit Care Med 33 7 (2005) 1624-1633
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , Issue.7 , pp. 1624-1633
    • Turina, M.1    Fry, D.E.2    Polk Jr., H.C.3
  • 61
    • 0020674853 scopus 로고
    • Response of protein and urea kinetics in burn patients to different levels of protein intake
    • Wolfe R.R., Goodenough R.D., Burke J.F., et al. Response of protein and urea kinetics in burn patients to different levels of protein intake. Ann Surg 197 2 (1983) 163-171
    • (1983) Ann Surg , vol.197 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-171
    • Wolfe, R.R.1    Goodenough, R.D.2    Burke, J.F.3
  • 62
    • 0029069252 scopus 로고
    • Plasma arginine and leucine kinetics and urea production rates in burn patients
    • Yu Y.M., Young V.R., Castillo L., et al. Plasma arginine and leucine kinetics and urea production rates in burn patients. Metabolism 44 5 (1995) 659-666
    • (1995) Metabolism , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 659-666
    • Yu, Y.M.1    Young, V.R.2    Castillo, L.3
  • 63
    • 0027418638 scopus 로고
    • Effects of protein restriction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics in young men
    • Hoerr R.A., Matthews D.E., Bier D.M., et al. Effects of protein restriction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics in young men. Am J Phys 264 4 Pt 1 (1993) E567-E575
    • (1993) Am J Phys , vol.264 , Issue.4 PART 1
    • Hoerr, R.A.1    Matthews, D.E.2    Bier, D.M.3
  • 64
    • 0024515464 scopus 로고
    • The role of degradation in the acute control of protein balance in adult man: failure of feeding to stimulate protein synthesis as assessed by L-[1-13C]leucin infusion
    • Melville S., McNurlan M.A., McHardy K.C., et al. The role of degradation in the acute control of protein balance in adult man: failure of feeding to stimulate protein synthesis as assessed by L-[1-13C]leucin infusion. Metabolism 38 3 (1989) 248-255
    • (1989) Metabolism , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 248-255
    • Melville, S.1    McNurlan, M.A.2    McHardy, K.C.3
  • 65
    • 0028799843 scopus 로고
    • Relations among arginine, citrulline, ornithine, and leucine kinetics in adult burn patients
    • Yu Y.M., Ryan C.M., Burke J.F., et al. Relations among arginine, citrulline, ornithine, and leucine kinetics in adult burn patients. Am J Clin Nutr 62 5 (1995) 960-968
    • (1995) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.62 , Issue.5 , pp. 960-968
    • Yu, Y.M.1    Ryan, C.M.2    Burke, J.F.3
  • 66
    • 0027518331 scopus 로고
    • Splanchnic bed utilization of leucine and phenylalanine in humans
    • Matthews D.E., Marano M.A., and Campbell R.G. Splanchnic bed utilization of leucine and phenylalanine in humans. Am J Phys 264 1 Pt 1 (1993) E109-E118
    • (1993) Am J Phys , vol.264 , Issue.1 PART 1
    • Matthews, D.E.1    Marano, M.A.2    Campbell, R.G.3
  • 67
    • 84882515756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the hypermetabolic response after burn injury
    • Herndon D.N. (Ed), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia
    • Norbury W.B., and Herndon D.N. Modulation of the hypermetabolic response after burn injury. In: Herndon D.N. (Ed). Total burn care. 3rd edition (2007), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia 420-433
    • (2007) Total burn care. 3rd edition , pp. 420-433
    • Norbury, W.B.1    Herndon, D.N.2
  • 68
    • 84882532643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional support of the burned patient
    • Herndon D.N. (Ed), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia
    • Saffle J.R., and Graves C. Nutritional support of the burned patient. In: Herndon D.N. (Ed). Total burn care. 3rd edition (2007), Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia 398-419
    • (2007) Total burn care. 3rd edition , pp. 398-419
    • Saffle, J.R.1    Graves, C.2
  • 69
    • 0030973136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea and protein metabolism in burned children: effect of dietary protein intake
    • Patterson B.W., Nguyen T., Pierre E., et al. Urea and protein metabolism in burned children: effect of dietary protein intake. Metabolism 46 5 (1997) 573-578
    • (1997) Metabolism , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 573-578
    • Patterson, B.W.1    Nguyen, T.2    Pierre, E.3
  • 70
    • 0034959443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a high-carbohydrate diet in catabolic illness
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Zhang X.J., et al. Efficacy of a high-carbohydrate diet in catabolic illness. Crit Care Med 29 7 (2001) 1318-1324
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.7 , pp. 1318-1324
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Zhang, X.J.3
  • 71
    • 0029964564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged bed rest decreases skeletal muscle and whole body protein synthesis
    • Ferrando A.A., Lane H.W., Stuart C.A., et al. Prolonged bed rest decreases skeletal muscle and whole body protein synthesis. Am J Phys 270 4 Pt 1 (1996) E627-E633
    • (1996) Am J Phys , vol.270 , Issue.4 PART 1
    • Ferrando, A.A.1    Lane, H.W.2    Stuart, C.A.3
  • 72
    • 0037260484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a supervised exercise and physiotherapy program on surgical interventions in children with thermal injury
    • [discussion: 56]
    • Celis M.M., Suman O.E., Huang T.T., et al. Effect of a supervised exercise and physiotherapy program on surgical interventions in children with thermal injury. J Burn Care Rehabil 24 1 (2003) 57-61 [discussion: 56]
    • (2003) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-61
    • Celis, M.M.1    Suman, O.E.2    Huang, T.T.3
  • 73
    • 0035001284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of exercise programming vs traditional outpatient therapy in the rehabilitation of severely burned children
    • Cucuzzo N.A., Ferrando A., and Herndon D.N. The effects of exercise programming vs traditional outpatient therapy in the rehabilitation of severely burned children. J Burn Care Rehabil 22 3 (2001) 214-220
    • (2001) J Burn Care Rehabil , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 214-220
    • Cucuzzo, N.A.1    Ferrando, A.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 74
    • 57149109339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a 12-week rehabilitation program with music & exercise groups on range of motion in young children with severe burns
    • Neugebauer C.T., Serghiou M., Herndon D.N., et al. Effects of a 12-week rehabilitation program with music & exercise groups on range of motion in young children with severe burns. J Burn Care Res 29 6 (2008) 939-948
    • (2008) J Burn Care Res , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 939-948
    • Neugebauer, C.T.1    Serghiou, M.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 75
    • 0034862122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a 12-wk resistance exercise program on skeletal muscle strength in children with burn injuries
    • Suman O.E., Spies R.J., Celis M.M., et al. Effects of a 12-wk resistance exercise program on skeletal muscle strength in children with burn injuries. J Appl Phys 91 3 (2001) 1168-1175
    • (2001) J Appl Phys , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 1168-1175
    • Suman, O.E.1    Spies, R.J.2    Celis, M.M.3
  • 76
    • 9244236538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor I: the yin and yang of muscle atrophy
    • Heszele M.F., and Price S.R. Insulin-like growth factor I: the yin and yang of muscle atrophy. Endocrinology 145 11 (2004) 4803-4805
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , Issue.11 , pp. 4803-4805
    • Heszele, M.F.1    Price, S.R.2
  • 77
    • 0029033837 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of growth hormone enhanced donor site healing in patients with large cutaneous burns
    • Herndon D.N., Hawkins H.K., Nguyen T.T., et al. Characterization of growth hormone enhanced donor site healing in patients with large cutaneous burns. Ann Surg 221 6 (1995) 649-659
    • (1995) Ann Surg , vol.221 , Issue.6 , pp. 649-659
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Hawkins, H.K.2    Nguyen, T.T.3
  • 78
    • 15444351059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of therapy with recombinant human growth hormone on insulin-like growth factor system components and serum levels of biochemical markers of bone formation in children after severe burn injury
    • Klein G.L., Wolf S.E., Langman C.B., et al. Effects of therapy with recombinant human growth hormone on insulin-like growth factor system components and serum levels of biochemical markers of bone formation in children after severe burn injury. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 1 (1998) 21-24
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-24
    • Klein, G.L.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Langman, C.B.3
  • 79
    • 0141613116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and pharmacological support of the metabolic response to injury
    • Herndon D.N. Nutritional and pharmacological support of the metabolic response to injury. Minerva Anestesiol 69 4 (2003) 264-274
    • (2003) Minerva Anestesiol , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 264-274
    • Herndon, D.N.1
  • 80
    • 0025119217 scopus 로고
    • Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on donor-site healing in severely burned children
    • Herndon D.N., Barrow R.E., Kunkel K.R., et al. Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on donor-site healing in severely burned children. Ann Surg 212 4 (1990) 424-431
    • (1990) Ann Surg , vol.212 , Issue.4 , pp. 424-431
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Kunkel, K.R.3
  • 81
    • 0032839737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on the development of burn scarring
    • Barret J.P., Dziewulski P., Jeschke M.G., et al. Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on the development of burn scarring. Plast Reconstr Surg 104 3 (1999) 726-729
    • (1999) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.104 , Issue.3 , pp. 726-729
    • Barret, J.P.1    Dziewulski, P.2    Jeschke, M.G.3
  • 82
    • 0033562114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone alters acute phase reactant proteins, cytokine expression, and liver morphology in burned rats
    • Jeschke M.G., Herndon D.N., Wolf S.E., et al. Recombinant human growth hormone alters acute phase reactant proteins, cytokine expression, and liver morphology in burned rats. J Surg Res 83 2 (1999) 122-129
    • (1999) J Surg Res , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-129
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Wolf, S.E.3
  • 83
    • 0032769331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in serum and liver after recombinant human growth hormone administration in thermally injured rats
    • Jeschke M.G., Chrysopoulo M.T., Herndon D.N., et al. Increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in serum and liver after recombinant human growth hormone administration in thermally injured rats. J Surg Res 85 1 (1999) 171-177
    • (1999) J Surg Res , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 171-177
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Chrysopoulo, M.T.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 84
    • 0034116669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone treatment in pediatric burn patients and its role during the hepatic acute phase response
    • Jeschke M.G., Barrow R.E., and Herndon D.N. Recombinant human growth hormone treatment in pediatric burn patients and its role during the hepatic acute phase response. Crit Care Med 28 5 (2000) 1578-1584
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 1578-1584
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 85
    • 0032471179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone treatment in pediatric burns: a safe therapeutic approach
    • Ramirez R.J., Wolf S.E., Barrow R.E., et al. Growth hormone treatment in pediatric burns: a safe therapeutic approach. Ann Surg 228 4 (1998) 439-448
    • (1998) Ann Surg , vol.228 , Issue.4 , pp. 439-448
    • Ramirez, R.J.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 86
    • 0032470634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human growth hormone modulates Th1 and Th2 cytokine response in burned mice
    • Takagi K., Suzuki F., Barrow R.E., et al. Recombinant human growth hormone modulates Th1 and Th2 cytokine response in burned mice. Ann Surg 228 1 (1998) 106-111
    • (1998) Ann Surg , vol.228 , Issue.1 , pp. 106-111
    • Takagi, K.1    Suzuki, F.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 87
    • 0031128346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone improves immune function and survival in burned mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 1
    • Takagi K., Suzuki F., Barrow R.E., et al. Growth hormone improves immune function and survival in burned mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. J Surg Res 69 1 (1997) 166-170
    • (1997) J Surg Res , vol.69 , Issue.1 , pp. 166-170
    • Takagi, K.1    Suzuki, F.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 88
    • 0034980444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of posttraumatic muscle catabolism and osteopenia by long-term growth hormone therapy
    • Hart D.W., Herndon D.N., Klein G., et al. Attenuation of posttraumatic muscle catabolism and osteopenia by long-term growth hormone therapy. Ann Surg 233 6 (2001) 827-834
    • (2001) Ann Surg , vol.233 , Issue.6 , pp. 827-834
    • Hart, D.W.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Klein, G.3
  • 89
    • 11444269012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of growth hormone on anthropometric measurements and cardiac function in children with thermal injury
    • Mlcak R.P., Suman O.E., Murphy K., et al. Effects of growth hormone on anthropometric measurements and cardiac function in children with thermal injury. Burns 31 1 (2005) 60-66
    • (2005) Burns , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-66
    • Mlcak, R.P.1    Suman, O.E.2    Murphy, K.3
  • 90
    • 0034945027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of short-term growth hormone treatment on growth and energy expenditure in burned children
    • Aili Low J.F., Barrow R.E., Mittendorfer B., et al. The effect of short-term growth hormone treatment on growth and energy expenditure in burned children. Burns 27 5 (2001) 447-452
    • (2001) Burns , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 447-452
    • Aili Low, J.F.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Mittendorfer, B.3
  • 91
    • 0345202302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of growth hormone on growth delay in burned children: a 3-year follow-up study
    • Low J.F., Herndon D.N., and Barrow R.E. Effect of growth hormone on growth delay in burned children: a 3-year follow-up study. Lancet 354 9192 (1999) 1789
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.9192 , pp. 1789
    • Low, J.F.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 92
    • 0032442248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of growth hormone therapy in burn patients on conservative treatment
    • Singh K.P., Prasad R., Chari P.S., et al. Effect of growth hormone therapy in burn patients on conservative treatment. Burns 24 8 (1998) 733-738
    • (1998) Burns , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 733-738
    • Singh, K.P.1    Prasad, R.2    Chari, P.S.3
  • 93
    • 0033539018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adults
    • Takala J., Ruokonen E., Webster N.R., et al. Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med 341 11 (1999) 785-792
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , Issue.11 , pp. 785-792
    • Takala, J.1    Ruokonen, E.2    Webster, N.R.3
  • 94
    • 0028019338 scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor-1 lowers protein oxidation in patients with thermal injury
    • Cioffi W.G., Gore D.C., Rue III L.W., et al. Insulin-like growth factor-1 lowers protein oxidation in patients with thermal injury. Ann Surg 220 3 (1994) 310-319
    • (1994) Ann Surg , vol.220 , Issue.3 , pp. 310-319
    • Cioffi, W.G.1    Gore, D.C.2    Rue III, L.W.3
  • 95
    • 0033504901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle protein catabolism after severe burn: effects of IGF-1/IGFBP-3 treatment
    • Herndon D.N., Ramzy P.I., DebRoy M.A., et al. Muscle protein catabolism after severe burn: effects of IGF-1/IGFBP-3 treatment. Ann Surg 229 5 (1999) 713-722
    • (1999) Ann Surg , vol.229 , Issue.5 , pp. 713-722
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Ramzy, P.I.2    DebRoy, M.A.3
  • 96
    • 0025788645 scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in burn patients
    • Moller S., Jensen M., Svensson P., et al. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in burn patients. Burns 17 4 (1991) 279-281
    • (1991) Burns , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 279-281
    • Moller, S.1    Jensen, M.2    Svensson, P.3
  • 97
    • 0033622055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor I in combination with insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 affects the hepatic acute phase response and hepatic morphology in thermally injured rats
    • Jeschke M.G., Herndon D.N., and Barrow R.E. Insulin-like growth factor I in combination with insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 affects the hepatic acute phase response and hepatic morphology in thermally injured rats. Ann Surg 231 3 (2000) 408-416
    • (2000) Ann Surg , vol.231 , Issue.3 , pp. 408-416
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Herndon, D.N.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 98
    • 0036157108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of types I and II acute phase reactants with insulin-like growth factor-1/binding protein-3 complex in severely burned children
    • Spies M., Wolf S.E., Barrow R.E., et al. Modulation of types I and II acute phase reactants with insulin-like growth factor-1/binding protein-3 complex in severely burned children. Crit Care Med 30 1 (2002) 83-88
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-88
    • Spies, M.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 99
    • 0034780737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone administration in severe burns ameliorates muscle catabolism
    • Ferrando A.A., Sheffield-Moore M., Wolf S.E., et al. Testosterone administration in severe burns ameliorates muscle catabolism. Crit Care Med 29 10 (2001) 1936-1942
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1936-1942
    • Ferrando, A.A.1    Sheffield-Moore, M.2    Wolf, S.E.3
  • 100
    • 0023144793 scopus 로고
    • Effect of burn trauma on adrenal and testicular steroid hormone production
    • Lephart E.D., Baxter C.R., and Parker Jr. C.R. Effect of burn trauma on adrenal and testicular steroid hormone production. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 64 4 (1987) 842-848
    • (1987) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.64 , Issue.4 , pp. 842-848
    • Lephart, E.D.1    Baxter, C.R.2    Parker Jr., C.R.3
  • 101
    • 0026501492 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses to trauma
    • Woolf P.D. Hormonal responses to trauma. Crit Care Med 20 2 (1992) 216-226
    • (1992) Crit Care Med , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-226
    • Woolf, P.D.1
  • 102
    • 0031730933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone injection stimulates net protein synthesis but not tissue amino acid transport
    • Ferrando A.A., Tipton K.D., Doyle D., et al. Testosterone injection stimulates net protein synthesis but not tissue amino acid transport. Am J Phys 275 5 Pt 1 (1998) E864-E871
    • (1998) Am J Phys , vol.275 , Issue.5 PART 1
    • Ferrando, A.A.1    Tipton, K.D.2    Doyle, D.3
  • 103
    • 0033344688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term oxandrolone administration stimulates net muscle protein synthesis in young men
    • Sheffield-Moore M., Urban R.J., Wolf S.E., et al. Short-term oxandrolone administration stimulates net muscle protein synthesis in young men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 8 (1999) 2705-2711
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , Issue.8 , pp. 2705-2711
    • Sheffield-Moore, M.1    Urban, R.J.2    Wolf, S.E.3
  • 104
    • 0035080178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anabolic effects of oxandrolone after severe burn
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Ramzy P.I., et al. Anabolic effects of oxandrolone after severe burn. Ann Surg 233 4 (2001) 556-564
    • (2001) Ann Surg , vol.233 , Issue.4 , pp. 556-564
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Ramzy, P.I.3
  • 105
    • 34548188329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of oxandrolone on the endocrinologic, inflammatory, and hypermetabolic responses during the acute phase postburn
    • Jeschke M.G., Finnerty C.C., Suman O.E., et al. The effect of oxandrolone on the endocrinologic, inflammatory, and hypermetabolic responses during the acute phase postburn. Ann Surg 246 3 (2007) 351-362
    • (2007) Ann Surg , vol.246 , Issue.3 , pp. 351-362
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Finnerty, C.C.2    Suman, O.E.3
  • 106
    • 85047691754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle of thermally injured children treated with oxandrolone
    • Barrow R.E., Dasu M.R., Ferrando A.A., et al. Gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle of thermally injured children treated with oxandrolone. Ann Surg 237 3 (2003) 422-428
    • (2003) Ann Surg , vol.237 , Issue.3 , pp. 422-428
    • Barrow, R.E.1    Dasu, M.R.2    Ferrando, A.A.3
  • 107
    • 0030833599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, significantly increases the rate of weight gain in the recovery phase after major burns
    • Demling R.H., and DeSanti L. Oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, significantly increases the rate of weight gain in the recovery phase after major burns. J Trauma 43 1 (1997) 47-51
    • (1997) J Trauma , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 47-51
    • Demling, R.H.1    DeSanti, L.2
  • 108
    • 24944497816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and hormonal changes of severely burned children receiving long-term oxandrolone treatment
    • Przkora R., Jeschke M.G., Barrow R.E., et al. Metabolic and hormonal changes of severely burned children receiving long-term oxandrolone treatment. Ann Surg 242 3 (2005) 384-391
    • (2005) Ann Surg , vol.242 , Issue.3 , pp. 384-391
    • Przkora, R.1    Jeschke, M.G.2    Barrow, R.E.3
  • 109
    • 0034773026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of hyperglycemia with increased mortality after severe burn injury
    • Gore D.C., Chinkes D., Heggers J., et al. Association of hyperglycemia with increased mortality after severe burn injury. J Trauma 51 3 (2001) 540-544
    • (2001) J Trauma , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 540-544
    • Gore, D.C.1    Chinkes, D.2    Heggers, J.3
  • 110
    • 0036852856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia exacerbates muscle protein catabolism in burn-injured patients
    • Gore D.C., Chinkes D.L., Hart D.W., et al. Hyperglycemia exacerbates muscle protein catabolism in burn-injured patients. Crit Care Med 30 11 (2002) 2438-2442
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 2438-2442
    • Gore, D.C.1    Chinkes, D.L.2    Hart, D.W.3
  • 111
    • 0035829852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients
    • van den Berghe G., Wouters P., Weekers F., et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 345 19 (2001) 1359-1367
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , Issue.19 , pp. 1359-1367
    • van den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 112
    • 0032524027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin therapy in burn patients does not contribute to hepatic triglyceride production
    • Aarsland A., Chinkes D.L., Sakurai Y., et al. Insulin therapy in burn patients does not contribute to hepatic triglyceride production. J Clin Invest 101 10 (1998) 2233-2239
    • (1998) J Clin Invest , vol.101 , Issue.10 , pp. 2233-2239
    • Aarsland, A.1    Chinkes, D.L.2    Sakurai, Y.3
  • 113
    • 0029094711 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of muscle protein synthesis by long-term insulin infusion in severely burned patients
    • 294-7
    • Sakurai Y., Aarsland A., Herndon D.N., et al. Stimulation of muscle protein synthesis by long-term insulin infusion in severely burned patients. Ann Surg 222 3 (1995) 283-294 294-7
    • (1995) Ann Surg , vol.222 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-294
    • Sakurai, Y.1    Aarsland, A.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 114
    • 0031891602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of insulin on wound healing
    • Pierre E.J., Barrow R.E., Hawkins H.K., et al. Effects of insulin on wound healing. J Trauma 44 2 (1998) 342-345
    • (1998) J Trauma , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 342-345
    • Pierre, E.J.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Hawkins, H.K.3
  • 115
    • 0036672875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of prolonged euglycemic hyperinsulinemia on lean body mass after severe burn
    • Thomas S.J., Morimoto K., Herndon D.N., et al. The effect of prolonged euglycemic hyperinsulinemia on lean body mass after severe burn. Surgery 132 2 (2002) 341-347
    • (2002) Surgery , vol.132 , Issue.2 , pp. 341-347
    • Thomas, S.J.1    Morimoto, K.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 116
    • 33846465014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function are improved in children with burn injury during a randomized controlled trial of fenofibrate
    • Cree M.G., Zwetsloot J.J., Herndon D.N., et al. Insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function are improved in children with burn injury during a randomized controlled trial of fenofibrate. Ann Surg 245 2 (2007) 214-221
    • (2007) Ann Surg , vol.245 , Issue.2 , pp. 214-221
    • Cree, M.G.1    Zwetsloot, J.J.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 117
    • 0035024343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A potent PPARalpha agonist stimulates mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation in liver and skeletal muscle
    • Minnich A., Tian N., Byan L., et al. A potent PPARalpha agonist stimulates mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation in liver and skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280 2 (2001) E270-E279
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.280 , Issue.2
    • Minnich, A.1    Tian, N.2    Byan, L.3
  • 118
    • 33646058571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic effects of the incretin mimetic exenatide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    • Schnabel C.A., Wintle M., and Kolterman O. Metabolic effects of the incretin mimetic exenatide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2 1 (2006) 69-77
    • (2006) Vasc Health Risk Manag , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-77
    • Schnabel, C.A.1    Wintle, M.2    Kolterman, O.3
  • 119
    • 34548321003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incretin mimetic exenatide as a monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Nelson P., Poon T., Guan X., et al. The incretin mimetic exenatide as a monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 9 4 (2007) 317-326
    • (2007) Diabetes Technol Ther , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 317-326
    • Nelson, P.1    Poon, T.2    Guan, X.3
  • 120
    • 0024992555 scopus 로고
    • Effects of beta-blockade on energy metabolism following burns
    • Breitenstein E., Chiolero R.L., Jequier E., et al. Effects of beta-blockade on energy metabolism following burns. Burns 16 4 (1990) 259-264
    • (1990) Burns , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 259-264
    • Breitenstein, E.1    Chiolero, R.L.2    Jequier, E.3
  • 121
    • 0023792336 scopus 로고
    • Effect of propranolol administration on hemodynamic and metabolic responses of burned pediatric patients
    • Herndon D.N., Barrow R.E., Rutan T.C., et al. Effect of propranolol administration on hemodynamic and metabolic responses of burned pediatric patients. Ann Surg 208 4 (1988) 484-492
    • (1988) Ann Surg , vol.208 , Issue.4 , pp. 484-492
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Rutan, T.C.3
  • 122
    • 0024387009 scopus 로고
    • Improved myocardial oxygen utilization following propranolol infusion in adolescents with postburn hypermetabolism
    • Minifee P.K., Barrow R.E., Abston S., et al. Improved myocardial oxygen utilization following propranolol infusion in adolescents with postburn hypermetabolism. J Pediatr Surg 24 8 (1989) 806-811
    • (1989) J Pediatr Surg , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 806-811
    • Minifee, P.K.1    Barrow, R.E.2    Abston, S.3
  • 123
    • 0029911547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of atenolol on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity after noncardiac surgery. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group
    • Mangano D.T., Layug E.L., Wallace A., et al. Effect of atenolol on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity after noncardiac surgery. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group. N Engl J Med 335 23 (1996) 1713-1720
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , Issue.23 , pp. 1713-1720
    • Mangano, D.T.1    Layug, E.L.2    Wallace, A.3
  • 124
    • 0027984430 scopus 로고
    • Lipolysis in burned patients is stimulated by the beta 2-receptor for catecholamines
    • Herndon D.N., Nguyen T.T., Wolfe R.R., et al. Lipolysis in burned patients is stimulated by the beta 2-receptor for catecholamines. Arch Surg 129 12 (1994) 1301-1305
    • (1994) Arch Surg , vol.129 , Issue.12 , pp. 1301-1305
    • Herndon, D.N.1    Nguyen, T.T.2    Wolfe, R.R.3
  • 125
    • 0029947931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockade lowers peripheral lipolysis in burn patients receiving growth hormone: rate of hepatic very low density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion remains unchanged
    • Aarsland A., Chinkes D., Wolfe R.R., et al. Beta-blockade lowers peripheral lipolysis in burn patients receiving growth hormone: rate of hepatic very low density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion remains unchanged. Ann Surg 223 6 (1996) 777-789
    • (1996) Ann Surg , vol.223 , Issue.6 , pp. 777-789
    • Aarsland, A.1    Chinkes, D.2    Wolfe, R.R.3
  • 126
    • 0034755715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty infiltration of the liver in severely burned pediatric patients: autopsy findings and clinical implications
    • Barret J.P., Jeschke M.G., and Herndon D.N. Fatty infiltration of the liver in severely burned pediatric patients: autopsy findings and clinical implications. J Trauma 51 4 (2001) 736-739
    • (2001) J Trauma , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 736-739
    • Barret, J.P.1    Jeschke, M.G.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 127
    • 0025770601 scopus 로고
    • Propranolol diminishes extremity blood flow in burned patients
    • Gore D.C., Honeycutt D., Jahoor F., et al. Propranolol diminishes extremity blood flow in burned patients. Ann Surg 213 6 (1991) 568-574
    • (1991) Ann Surg , vol.213 , Issue.6 , pp. 568-574
    • Gore, D.C.1    Honeycutt, D.2    Jahoor, F.3
  • 128
    • 0036325113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propranolol decreases splanchnic triacylglycerol storage in burn patients receiving a high-carbohydrate diet
    • Morio B., Irtun O., Herndon D.N., et al. Propranolol decreases splanchnic triacylglycerol storage in burn patients receiving a high-carbohydrate diet. Ann Surg 236 2 (2002) 218-225
    • (2002) Ann Surg , vol.236 , Issue.2 , pp. 218-225
    • Morio, B.1    Irtun, O.2    Herndon, D.N.3
  • 129
    • 0020080044 scopus 로고
    • Cortisol and corticotrophin in burned patients
    • Vaughan G.M., Becker R.A., Allen J.P., et al. Cortisol and corticotrophin in burned patients. J Trauma 22 4 (1982) 263-273
    • (1982) J Trauma , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 263-273
    • Vaughan, G.M.1    Becker, R.A.2    Allen, J.P.3
  • 130
    • 0015386931 scopus 로고
    • Adrenal cortical function in severe burns
    • Wise L., Margraf H.W., and Ballinger W.F. Adrenal cortical function in severe burns. Arch Surg 105 2 (1972) 213-220
    • (1972) Arch Surg , vol.105 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-220
    • Wise, L.1    Margraf, H.W.2    Ballinger, W.F.3
  • 131
    • 0026690747 scopus 로고
    • Systemically administered antifungal agents: a review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic applications
    • Lyman C.A., and Walsh T.J. Systemically administered antifungal agents: a review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic applications. Drugs 44 1 (1992) 9-35
    • (1992) Drugs , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-35
    • Lyman, C.A.1    Walsh, T.J.2
  • 132
    • 0021867689 scopus 로고
    • Ketoconazole blocks cortisol secretion in man by inhibition of adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase
    • Engelhardt D., Dorr G., Jaspers C., et al. Ketoconazole blocks cortisol secretion in man by inhibition of adrenal 11 beta-hydroxylase. Klin Wochenschr 63 13 (1985) 607-612
    • (1985) Klin Wochenschr , vol.63 , Issue.13 , pp. 607-612
    • Engelhardt, D.1    Dorr, G.2    Jaspers, C.3
  • 133
    • 0020580049 scopus 로고
    • Ketoconazole inhibits cortisol secretion of an adrenal adenoma in vivo and in vitro
    • Engelhardt D., Mann K., Hormann R., et al. Ketoconazole inhibits cortisol secretion of an adrenal adenoma in vivo and in vitro. Klin Wochenschr 61 7 (1983) 373-375
    • (1983) Klin Wochenschr , vol.61 , Issue.7 , pp. 373-375
    • Engelhardt, D.1    Mann, K.2    Hormann, R.3
  • 134
    • 0020554589 scopus 로고
    • Ketoconazole binds to glucocorticoid receptors and exhibits glucocorticoid antagonist activity in cultured cells
    • Loose D.S., Stover E.P., and Feldman D. Ketoconazole binds to glucocorticoid receptors and exhibits glucocorticoid antagonist activity in cultured cells. J Clin Invest 72 1 (1983) 404-408
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 404-408
    • Loose, D.S.1    Stover, E.P.2    Feldman, D.3
  • 135
    • 0036785986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockade and growth hormone after burn
    • Hart D.W., Wolf S.E., Chinkes D.L., et al. Beta-blockade and growth hormone after burn. Ann Surg 236 4 (2002) 450-457
    • (2002) Ann Surg , vol.236 , Issue.4 , pp. 450-457
    • Hart, D.W.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Chinkes, D.L.3
  • 136
    • 40449113475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of recombinant human growth hormone and propranolol decreases hypermetabolism and inflammation in severely burned children
    • Jeschke M.G., Finnerty C.C., Kulp G.A., et al. Combination of recombinant human growth hormone and propranolol decreases hypermetabolism and inflammation in severely burned children. Pediatr Crit Care Med 9 2 (2008) 209-216
    • (2008) Pediatr Crit Care Med , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-216
    • Jeschke, M.G.1    Finnerty, C.C.2    Kulp, G.A.3
  • 137
    • 0032707297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor in combination with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in severely burned adults
    • Debroy M.A., Wolf S.E., Zhang X.J., et al. Anabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor in combination with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in severely burned adults. J Trauma 47 5 (1999) 904-911
    • (1999) J Trauma , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 904-911
    • Debroy, M.A.1    Wolf, S.E.2    Zhang, X.J.3
  • 138
    • 0033509630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A submaximal dose of insulin promotes net skeletal muscle protein synthesis in patients with severe burns
    • Ferrando A.A., Chinkes D.L., Wolf S.E., et al. A submaximal dose of insulin promotes net skeletal muscle protein synthesis in patients with severe burns. Ann Surg 229 1 (1999) 11-18
    • (1999) Ann Surg , vol.229 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-18
    • Ferrando, A.A.1    Chinkes, D.L.2    Wolf, S.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.