메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 5, 2008, Pages

Protection and repair of the injured spinal cord: A review of completed, ongoing, and planned clinical trials for acute spinal cord injury

Author keywords

Cell replacement therapy; Neuroprotection; Spinal cord injury; Stem cell; Surgical timing; Translational research

Indexed keywords

NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 63849186608     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10920684     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3171/FOC.2008.25.11.E14     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (199)

References (154)
  • 1
    • 0036490533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological therapy after acute cervical spinal cord injury
    • AANS/CNS
    • AANS/CNS: Pharmacological therapy after acute cervical spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 50:S63-S72, 2002
    • (2002) Neurosurgery , vol.50
  • 4
    • 34347356392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the treatment of spinal cord injury
    • Baptiste DC, Fehlings M: Update on the treatment of spinal cord injury. Prog Brain Res 161:217-233, 2007
    • (2007) Prog Brain Res , vol.161 , pp. 217-233
    • Baptiste, D.C.1    Fehlings, M.2
  • 5
    • 33646571167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological approaches to repair the injured spinal cord
    • Baptiste DC, Fehlings MG: Pharmacological approaches to repair the injured spinal cord. J Neurotrauma 23:318-334, 2006
    • (2006) J Neurotrauma , vol.23 , pp. 318-334
    • Baptiste, D.C.1    Fehlings, M.G.2
  • 6
    • 0036825166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of locomotor training combined with functional electrical stimulation in chronic spinal cord injured subjects: walking and reflex studies
    • Barbeau H, Ladouceur M, Mirbagheri MM, Kearney RE: The effect of locomotor training combined with functional electrical stimulation in chronic spinal cord injured subjects: walking and reflex studies. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 40:274-291, 2002
    • (2002) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.40 , pp. 274-291
    • Barbeau, H.1    Ladouceur, M.2    Mirbagheri, M.M.3    Kearney, R.E.4
  • 8
    • 34548267752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Bhatt JM, Gordon PH: Current clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 16:1197-1207, 2007
    • (2007) Expert Opin Investig Drugs , vol.16 , pp. 1197-1207
    • Bhatt, J.M.1    Gordon, P.H.2
  • 9
    • 0022572610 scopus 로고
    • Ganglioside-induced regeneration and reestablishment of axonal continuity in spinal cord-transected rats
    • Bose B, Osterholm JL, Kalia M: Ganglioside-induced regeneration and reestablishment of axonal continuity in spinal cord-transected rats. Neurosci Lett 63:165-169, 1986
    • (1986) Neurosci Lett , vol.63 , pp. 165-169
    • Bose, B.1    Osterholm, J.L.2    Kalia, M.3
  • 10
    • 18144371144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the role of olfactory ensheathing cells in facilitating axon remyelination following damage to the spinal cord
    • Boyd JG, Doucette R, Kawaja MD: Defining the role of olfactory ensheathing cells in facilitating axon remyelination following damage to the spinal cord. FASEB J 19:694-703, 2005
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , pp. 694-703
    • Boyd, J.G.1    Doucette, R.2    Kawaja, M.D.3
  • 11
    • 0035893476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone and acute spinal cord injury: an update of the randomized evidence
    • Bracken MB: Methylprednisolone and acute spinal cord injury: an update of the randomized evidence. Spine 26:S47-S54, 2001
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26
    • Bracken, M.B.1
  • 12
    • 0025344617 scopus 로고
    • A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinalcord injury. Results of the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study
    • Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, Holford TR, Young W, Baskin DS, et al: A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinalcord injury. Results of the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study. N Engl J Med 322:1405-1411, 1990
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.322 , pp. 1405-1411
    • Bracken, M.B.1    Shepard, M.J.2    Collins, W.F.3    Holford, T.R.4    Young, W.5    Baskin, D.S.6
  • 13
    • 0022366322 scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone and neurological function 1 year after spinal cord injury: results of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study
    • Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Hellenbrand KG, Collins WF, Leo LS, Freeman DF, et al: Methylprednisolone and neurological function 1 year after spinal cord injury: results of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study. J Neurosurg 63:704-713, 1985
    • (1985) J Neurosurg , vol.63 , pp. 704-713
    • Bracken, M.B.1    Shepard, M.J.2    Hellenbrand, K.G.3    Collins, W.F.4    Leo, L.S.5    Freeman, D.F.6
  • 14
    • 1642422176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilizad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury
    • Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Holford TR, Leo-Summers L, Aldrich EF, Fazl M, et al: Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilizad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. JAMA 277:1597-1604, 1997
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Bracken, M.B.1    Shepard, M.J.2    Holford, T.R.3    Leo-Summers, L.4    Aldrich, E.F.5    Fazl, M.6
  • 15
    • 17144468967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone or tirilizad mesylate administration after acute spinal cord injury: 1-year follow-up
    • Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Holford TR, Leo-Summers L, Aldrich EF, Fazl M, et al: Methylprednisolone or tirilizad mesylate administration after acute spinal cord injury: 1-year follow-up. J Neurosurg 89:699-706, 1998
    • (1998) J Neurosurg , vol.89 , pp. 699-706
    • Bracken, M.B.1    Shepard, M.J.2    Holford, T.R.3    Leo-Summers, L.4    Aldrich, E.F.5    Fazl, M.6
  • 16
    • 0021255932 scopus 로고
    • Effects of multi-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate administration on injured cat spinal cord neurofilament degradation and energy metabolism
    • Braughler JM, Hall ED: Effects of multi-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate administration on injured cat spinal cord neurofilament degradation and energy metabolism. J Neurosurg 61:290-295, 1984
    • (1984) J Neurosurg , vol.61 , pp. 290-295
    • Braughler, J.M.1    Hall, E.D.2
  • 17
    • 0028867947 scopus 로고
    • Recovery from spinal cord injury mediated by antibodies to neurite growth inhibitors
    • Bregman BS, Kunkel-Bagden E, Schnell L, Dai HN, Gao D, Schwab ME: Recovery from spinal cord injury mediated by antibodies to neurite growth inhibitors. Nature 378:498-501, 1995
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 498-501
    • Bregman, B.S.1    Kunkel-Bagden, E.2    Schnell, L.3    Dai, H.N.4    Gao, D.5    Schwab, M.E.6
  • 18
    • 0026378769 scopus 로고
    • Schwann cells in central regeneration
    • Bunge RP: Schwann cells in central regeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 633:229-233, 1991
    • (1991) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.633 , pp. 229-233
    • Bunge, R.P.1
  • 19
    • 0024214595 scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system regeneration: oligodendrocytes and myelin as non-permissive substrates for neurite growth
    • Caroni P, Savio T, Schwab ME: Central nervous system regeneration: oligodendrocytes and myelin as non-permissive substrates for neurite growth. Prog Brain Res 78:363-370, 1988
    • (1988) Prog Brain Res , vol.78 , pp. 363-370
    • Caroni, P.1    Savio, T.2    Schwab, M.E.3
  • 20
    • 0023967246 scopus 로고
    • Antibody against myelin-associated inhibitor of neurite growth neutralizes nonpermissive substrate properties of CNS white matter
    • Caroni P, Schwab ME: Antibody against myelin-associated inhibitor of neurite growth neutralizes nonpermissive substrate properties of CNS white matter. Neuron 1:85-96, 1988
    • (1988) Neuron , vol.1 , pp. 85-96
    • Caroni, P.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 21
    • 0023896592 scopus 로고
    • Two membrane protein fractions from rat central myelin with inhibitory properties for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading
    • Caroni P, Schwab ME: Two membrane protein fractions from rat central myelin with inhibitory properties for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading. J Cell Biol 106:1281-1288, 1988
    • (1988) J Cell Biol , vol.106 , pp. 1281-1288
    • Caroni, P.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 22
    • 0035105127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spinal cord independence measure (SCIM): sensitivity to functional changes in subgroups of spinal cord lesion patients
    • Catz A, Agranov E, Ring H, Tamir A: The spinal cord independence measure (SCIM): sensitivity to functional changes in subgroups of spinal cord lesion patients. Spinal Cord 39:97-100, 2001
    • (2001) Spinal Cord , vol.39 , pp. 97-100
    • Catz, A.1    Agranov, E.2    Ring, H.3    Tamir, A.4
  • 23
    • 0035870982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Catz-Itzkovich SCIM: a revised version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure
    • Catz A, Itzkovich M, Steinberg F, Philo O, Ring H, Ronen J, et al: The Catz-Itzkovich SCIM: a revised version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure. Disabil Rehabil 23:263-268, 2001
    • (2001) Disabil Rehabil , vol.23 , pp. 263-268
    • Catz, A.1    Itzkovich, M.2    Steinberg, F.3    Philo, O.4    Ring, H.5    Ronen, J.6
  • 24
    • 11144348579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The design of clinical trials for cell transplantation into the central nervous system
    • Cesaro P: The design of clinical trials for cell transplantation into the central nervous system. NeuroRx 1:492-499, 2004
    • (2004) NeuroRx , vol.1 , pp. 492-499
    • Cesaro, P.1
  • 25
    • 0033978959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel effect of an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, on the production of reactive oxygen species by microglia: a study by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Chang RC, Rota C, Glover RE, Mason RP, Hong JS: A novel effect of an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, on the production of reactive oxygen species by microglia: a study by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Brain Res 854:224-229, 2000
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.854 , pp. 224-229
    • Chang, R.C.1    Rota, C.2    Glover, R.E.3    Mason, R.P.4    Hong, J.S.5
  • 26
    • 0034719513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitor and an antigen for monoclonal antibody IN-1
    • Chen MS, Huber AB, van der Haar ME, Frank M, Schnell L, Spillmann AA, et al: Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitor and an antigen for monoclonal antibody IN-1. Nature 403:434-439, 2000
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 434-439
    • Chen, M.S.1    Huber, A.B.2    van der Haar, M.E.3    Frank, M.4    Schnell, L.5    Spillmann, A.A.6
  • 28
    • 0034465202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of the reporting of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Studies
    • Coleman WP, Benzel D, Cahill DW, Ducker T, Geisler F, Green B, et al: A critical appraisal of the reporting of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Studies. J Spinal Disord 13:185-199, 2000
    • (2000) J Spinal Disord , vol.13 , pp. 185-199
    • Coleman, W.P.1    Benzel, D.2    Cahill, D.W.3    Ducker, T.4    Geisler, F.5    Green, B.6
  • 29
    • 0036550733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid drainage reduces paraplegia after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: results of a randomized clinical trial
    • Coselli JS, Lemaire SA, Köksoy C, Schmittling ZC, Curling PE: Cerebrospinal fluid drainage reduces paraplegia after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: results of a randomized clinical trial. J Vasc Surg 35:631-639, 2002
    • (2002) J Vasc Surg , vol.35 , pp. 631-639
    • Coselli, J.S.1    Lemaire, S.A.2    Köksoy, C.3    Schmittling, Z.C.4    Curling, P.E.5
  • 30
    • 0019856865 scopus 로고
    • Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats
    • David S, Aguayo AJ: Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats. Science 214:931-933, 1981
    • (1981) Science , vol.214 , pp. 931-933
    • David, S.1    Aguayo, A.J.2
  • 31
    • 0343472092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Termination of acute stroke studies involving selfotel treatment. ASSIST Steering Committed
    • Davis SM, Albers GW, Diener HC, Lees KR, Norris J: Termination of acute stroke studies involving selfotel treatment. ASSIST Steering Committed. Lancet 349:32, 1997
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 32
    • Davis, S.M.1    Albers, G.W.2    Diener, H.C.3    Lees, K.R.4    Norris, J.5
  • 33
    • 0031434268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and costs of spinal cord injury in the United States
    • DeVivo MJ: Causes and costs of spinal cord injury in the United States. Spinal Cord 35:809-813, 1997
    • (1997) Spinal Cord , vol.35 , pp. 809-813
    • DeVivo, M.J.1
  • 34
    • 0032793284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of spinal canal narrowing and timing of decompression on neurologic recovery after spinal cord contusion in a rat model
    • Dimar JR II, Glassman SD, Raque GH, Zhang YP, Shields CB: The influence of spinal canal narrowing and timing of decompression on neurologic recovery after spinal cord contusion in a rat model. Spine 24:1623-1633, 1999
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1623-1633
    • Dimar, J.R.1    Glassman, S.D.2    Raque, G.H.3    Zhang, Y.P.4    Shields, C.B.5
  • 35
    • 0034014766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walking index for spinal cord injury (WISCI): an international multicenter validity and reliability study
    • Ditunno JF Jr, Ditunno PL, Gravazi V, Scivoletto G, Bernardi M, Castellano V, et al: Walking index for spinal cord injury (WISCI): an international multicenter validity and reliability study. Spinal Cord 38:234-243, 2000
    • (2000) Spinal Cord , vol.38 , pp. 234-243
    • Ditunno, J.F.1    Ditunno, P.L.2    Gravazi, V.3    Scivoletto, G.4    Bernardi, M.5    Castellano, V.6
  • 36
    • 0035206585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walking index for spinal cord injury (WISCI II): scale revision
    • Dittuno PL, Dittuno JF Jr: Walking index for spinal cord injury (WISCI II): scale revision. Spinal Cord 39:654-656, 2001
    • (2001) Spinal Cord , vol.39 , pp. 654-656
    • Dittuno, P.L.1    Dittuno, J.F.2
  • 37
    • 32244446601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular transplants in China: observational study from the largest human experiment in chronic spinal cord injury
    • Dobkin BH, Curt A, Guest J: Cellular transplants in China: observational study from the largest human experiment in chronic spinal cord injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 20:5-13, 2006
    • (2006) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.20 , pp. 5-13
    • Dobkin, B.H.1    Curt, A.2    Guest, J.3
  • 38
    • 0042171820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rho activation patterns after spinal cord injury and the role of activated Rho in apoptosis in the central nervous system
    • Dubreuil CI, Winton MJ, McKerracher L: Rho activation patterns after spinal cord injury and the role of activated Rho in apoptosis in the central nervous system. J Cell Biol 162:233- 243, 2003
    • (2003) J Cell Biol , vol.162 , pp. 233-243
    • Dubreuil, C.I.1    Winton, M.J.2    McKerracher, L.3
  • 40
    • 27144517474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors predicting motor recovery and functional outcome after traumatic central cord syndrome: a long-term follow-up
    • Dvorak MF, Fisher CG, Hoekema J, Boyd M, Noonan V, Wing PC, et al: Factors predicting motor recovery and functional outcome after traumatic central cord syndrome: a long-term follow-up. Spine 30:2303-2311, 2005
    • (2005) Spine , vol.30 , pp. 2303-2311
    • Dvorak, M.F.1    Fisher, C.G.2    Hoekema, J.3    Boyd, M.4    Noonan, V.5    Wing, P.C.6
  • 41
    • 33646673116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Questionnaire survey of spine surgeons on the use of methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury
    • Eck JC, Nachtigall D, Humphreys SC, Hodges SD: Questionnaire survey of spine surgeons on the use of methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury. Spine 31:E250-E253, 2006
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31
    • Eck, J.C.1    Nachtigall, D.2    Humphreys, S.C.3    Hodges, S.D.4
  • 42
    • 0038029401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hypothermia on energy metabolism in Mammalian central nervous system
    • Erecinska M, Thoresen M, Silver IA: Effects of hypothermia on energy metabolism in Mammalian central nervous system. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 23:513-530, 2003
    • (2003) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.23 , pp. 513-530
    • Erecinska, M.1    Thoresen, M.2    Silver, I.A.3
  • 43
    • 33847391178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP panel: spontaneous recovery after spinal cord injury and statistical power needed for therapeutic clinical trials
    • Fawcett JW, Curt A, Steeves JD, Coleman WP, Tuszynski MH, Lammertse D, et al: Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP panel: spontaneous recovery after spinal cord injury and statistical power needed for therapeutic clinical trials. Spinal Cord 45:190-205, 2007
    • (2007) Spinal Cord , vol.45 , pp. 190-205
    • Fawcett, J.W.1    Curt, A.2    Steeves, J.D.3    Coleman, W.P.4    Tuszynski, M.H.5    Lammertse, D.6
  • 44
    • 0035893642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial: recommendations regarding the use of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury: making sense out of the controversy
    • Fehlings MG: Editorial: recommendations regarding the use of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury: making sense out of the controversy. Spine 26:S56-S57, 2001
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26
    • Fehlings, M.G.1
  • 45
    • 21244451106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role and timing of early decompression for cervical spinal cord injury: update with a review of recent clinical evidence
    • Fehlings MG, Perrin RG: The role and timing of early decompression for cervical spinal cord injury: update with a review of recent clinical evidence. Injury 36:B13-B26, 2005
    • (2005) Injury , vol.36
    • Fehlings, M.G.1    Perrin, R.G.2
  • 46
    • 0024326071 scopus 로고
    • The effect of nimodipine and dextran on axonal function and blood flow following experimental spinal cord injury
    • Fehlings MG, Tator CH, Linden RD: The effect of nimodipine and dextran on axonal function and blood flow following experimental spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg 71:403-416, 1989
    • (1989) J Neurosurg , vol.71 , pp. 403-416
    • Fehlings, M.G.1    Tator, C.H.2    Linden, R.D.3
  • 47
    • 28544446960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation in human spinal cord injury
    • Féron F, Perry C, Cochrane J, Licina P, Nowitzke A, Urquhart S, et al: Autologous olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation in human spinal cord injury. Brain 128:2951-2960, 2005
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 2951-2960
    • Féron, F.1    Perry, C.2    Cochrane, J.3    Licina, P.4    Nowitzke, A.5    Urquhart, S.6
  • 48
    • 33646598662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline neuroprotects, reduces microgliosis, and inhibits caspase protease expression early after spinal cord injury
    • Festoff BW, Ameenuddin S, Arnold PM, Wong A, Santacruz KS, Citron BA: Minocycline neuroprotects, reduces microgliosis, and inhibits caspase protease expression early after spinal cord injury. J Neurochem 97:1314-1326, 2006
    • (2006) J Neurochem , vol.97 , pp. 1314-1326
    • Festoff, B.W.1    Ameenuddin, S.2    Arnold, P.M.3    Wong, A.4    Santacruz, K.S.5    Citron, B.A.6
  • 50
    • 0034750201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving axonal growth and functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injury by neutralizing myelin associated inhibitors
    • Fouad K, Dietz V, Schwab ME: Improving axonal growth and functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injury by neutralizing myelin associated inhibitors. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 36:204-212, 2001
    • (2001) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.36 , pp. 204-212
    • Fouad, K.1    Dietz, V.2    Schwab, M.E.3
  • 51
    • 33745879440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nogo-A-specific antibody treatment enhances sprouting and functional recovery after cervical lesion in adult primates
    • Freund P, Schmidlin E, Wannier T, Bloch J, Mir A, Schwab ME, et al: Nogo-A-specific antibody treatment enhances sprouting and functional recovery after cervical lesion in adult primates. Nat Med 12:790-792, 2006
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 790-792
    • Freund, P.1    Schmidlin, E.2    Wannier, T.3    Bloch, J.4    Mir, A.5    Schwab, M.E.6
  • 52
    • 34248353098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment enhances sprouting of corticospinal axons rostral to a unilateral cervical spinal cord lesion in adult macaque monkey
    • Freund P, Wannier T, Schmidlin E, Bloch J, Mir A, Schwab ME, et al: Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment enhances sprouting of corticospinal axons rostral to a unilateral cervical spinal cord lesion in adult macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 502:644-659, 2007
    • (2007) J Comp Neurol , vol.502 , pp. 644-659
    • Freund, P.1    Wannier, T.2    Schmidlin, E.3    Bloch, J.4    Mir, A.5    Schwab, M.E.6
  • 53
    • 0034713990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of a novel NMDA antagonist, Gacyclidine, after experimental contusive spinal cord injury in adult rats
    • Gaviria M, Privat A, d'Arbigny P, Kamenka J, Haton H, Ohanna F: Neuroprotective effects of a novel NMDA antagonist, Gacyclidine, after experimental contusive spinal cord injury in adult rats. Brain Res 874:200-209, 2000
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.874 , pp. 200-209
    • Gaviria, M.1    Privat, A.2    d'Arbigny, P.3    Kamenka, J.4    Haton, H.5    Ohanna, F.6
  • 54
    • 0027525882 scopus 로고
    • GM-1 ganglioside and motor recovery following human spinal cord injury
    • Geisler FH: GM-1 ganglioside and motor recovery following human spinal cord injury. J Emerg Med 11:49-55, 1993
    • (1993) J Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 49-55
    • Geisler, F.H.1
  • 56
    • 0026432654 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury-a randomized, placebocontrolled trial with GM-1 ganglioside
    • Geisler FH, Dorsey FC, Coleman WP: Recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury-a randomized, placebocontrolled trial with GM-1 ganglioside. N Engl J Med 324:1829-1838, 1991
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 1829-1838
    • Geisler, F.H.1    Dorsey, F.C.2    Coleman, W.P.3
  • 57
    • 0029130550 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate release and free radical production following brain injury: effects of posttraumatic hypothermia
    • Globus MY, Alonso O, Dietrich WD, Busto R, Ginsberg MD: Glutamate release and free radical production following brain injury: effects of posttraumatic hypothermia. J Neurochem 65:1704-1711, 1995
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.65 , pp. 1704-1711
    • Globus, M.Y.1    Alonso, O.2    Dietrich, W.D.3    Busto, R.4    Ginsberg, M.D.5
  • 58
    • 0034719371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the Nogo inhibitor of axon regeneration as a Reticulon protein
    • GrandPré T, Nakamura F, Vartanian T, Strittmatter SM: Identification of the Nogo inhibitor of axon regeneration as a Reticulon protein. Nature 403:439-444, 2000
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 439-444
    • GrandPré, T.1    Nakamura, F.2    Vartanian, T.3    Strittmatter, S.M.4
  • 59
    • 33644811754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid recovery of segmental neurological function in a tetraplegic patient following transplantation of fetal olfactory bulb-derived cells
    • Guest J, Herrera LP, Qian T: Rapid recovery of segmental neurological function in a tetraplegic patient following transplantation of fetal olfactory bulb-derived cells. Spinal Cord 44:135-142, 2006
    • (2006) Spinal Cord , vol.44 , pp. 135-142
    • Guest, J.1    Herrera, L.P.2    Qian, T.3
  • 60
    • 4043075517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postischemic mild hypothermia reduces neurotransmitter release and astroglial cell proliferation during reperfusion after asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats
    • Hachimi-Idrissi S, Van Hemelrijck A, Michotte A, Smolders I, Sarre S, Ebinger G, et al: Postischemic mild hypothermia reduces neurotransmitter release and astroglial cell proliferation during reperfusion after asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats. Brain Res 1019:217-225, 2004
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1019 , pp. 217-225
    • Hachimi-Idrissi, S.1    Van Hemelrijck, A.2    Michotte, A.3    Smolders, I.4    Sarre, S.5    Ebinger, G.6
  • 62
    • 0027365090 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective actions of glucocorticoid and nonglucocorticoid steroids in acute neuronal injury
    • Hall ED: Neuroprotective actions of glucocorticoid and nonglucocorticoid steroids in acute neuronal injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 13:415-432, 1993
    • (1993) Cell Mol Neurobiol , vol.13 , pp. 415-432
    • Hall, E.D.1
  • 63
    • 0026500593 scopus 로고
    • The neuroprotective pharmacology of methylprednisolone
    • Hall ED: The neuroprotective pharmacology of methylprednisolone. J Neurosurg 76:13-22, 1992
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.76 , pp. 13-22
    • Hall, E.D.1
  • 64
    • 17444392322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection and acute spinal cord injury: a reappraisal
    • Hall ED, Springer JE: Neuroprotection and acute spinal cord injury: a reappraisal. NeuroRx 1:80-100, 2004
    • (2004) NeuroRx , vol.1 , pp. 80-100
    • Hall, E.D.1    Springer, J.E.2
  • 65
    • 0021191575 scopus 로고
    • Current status of spinal cord cooling in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury
    • Hansebout RR, Tanner JA, Romero-Sierra C: Current status of spinal cord cooling in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Spine 9:508-511, 1984
    • (1984) Spine , vol.9 , pp. 508-511
    • Hansebout, R.R.1    Tanner, J.A.2    Romero-Sierra, C.3
  • 66
    • 0026046443 scopus 로고
    • Effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on the neurologic impairment in rats with spinal cord injury: treatment starting 24 h and 7 days after injury
    • Hashimoto T, Fukuda N: Effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on the neurologic impairment in rats with spinal cord injury: treatment starting 24 h and 7 days after injury. Eur J Pharmacol 203:25-32, 1991
    • (1991) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.203 , pp. 25-32
    • Hashimoto, T.1    Fukuda, N.2
  • 67
    • 0035800589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline inhibits microglial activation and protects nigral cells after 6-hydroxydopamine injection into mouse striatum
    • He Y, Appel S, Le W: Minocycline inhibits microglial activation and protects nigral cells after 6-hydroxydopamine injection into mouse striatum. Brain Res 909:187-193, 2001
    • (2001) Brain Res , vol.909 , pp. 187-193
    • He, Y.1    Appel, S.2    Le, W.3
  • 68
    • 0019393623 scopus 로고
    • The direction of growth of differentiating neurones and myoblasts from frog embryos in an applied electric field
    • Hinkle L, McCaig CD, Robinson KR: The direction of growth of differentiating neurones and myoblasts from frog embryos in an applied electric field. J Physiol 314:121-135, 1981
    • (1981) J Physiol , vol.314 , pp. 121-135
    • Hinkle, L.1    McCaig, C.D.2    Robinson, K.R.3
  • 69
    • 0034958774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gacyclidine: a new neuroprotective agent acting at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
    • Hirbec H, Gaviria M, Vignon J: Gacyclidine: a new neuroprotective agent acting at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. CNS Drug Rev 7:172-198, 2001
    • (2001) CNS Drug Rev , vol.7 , pp. 172-198
    • Hirbec, H.1    Gaviria, M.2    Vignon, J.3
  • 70
    • 20044370811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allodynia limits the usefulness of intraspinal neural stem cell grafts; directed differentiation improves outcome
    • Hofstetter CP, Holmström NA, Lilja JA, Schweinhardt P, Hao J, Spenger C, et al: Allodynia limits the usefulness of intraspinal neural stem cell grafts; directed differentiation improves outcome. Nat Neurosci 8:346-353, 2005
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 346-353
    • Hofstetter, C.P.1    Holmström, N.A.2    Lilja, J.A.3    Schweinhardt, P.4    Hao, J.5    Spenger, C.6
  • 71
    • 0041700229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repair of chronic spinal cord injury
    • Houle JD, Tessler A: Repair of chronic spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 182:247-260, 2003
    • (2003) Exp Neurol , vol.182 , pp. 247-260
    • Houle, J.D.1    Tessler, A.2
  • 72
    • 0032692563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier following transient focal ischemia: effects of hypothermia
    • Huang ZG, Xue D, Preston E, Karbalai H, Buchan AM: Biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier following transient focal ischemia: effects of hypothermia. Can J Neurol Sci 26:298-304, 1999
    • (1999) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.26 , pp. 298-304
    • Huang, Z.G.1    Xue, D.2    Preston, E.3    Karbalai, H.4    Buchan, A.M.5
  • 73
    • 0033937602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nogo-A, a potent inhibitor of neurite outgrowth and regeneration
    • Huber AB, Schwab ME: Nogo-A, a potent inhibitor of neurite outgrowth and regeneration. Biol Chem 381:407-419, 2000
    • (2000) Biol Chem , vol.381 , pp. 407-419
    • Huber, A.B.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 74
    • 0342647473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury: an inappropriate standard of care
    • Hurlbert RJ: Methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury: an inappropriate standard of care. J Neurosurg 93:1-7, 2000
    • (2000) J Neurosurg , vol.93 , pp. 1-7
    • Hurlbert, R.J.1
  • 75
    • 0035893891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of steroids in acute spinal cord injury: an evidence-based analysis
    • Hurlbert RJ: The role of steroids in acute spinal cord injury: an evidence-based analysis. Spine 26:S39-S46, 2001
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26
    • Hurlbert, R.J.1
  • 76
    • 0036687790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do you prescribe methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury? A Canadian perspective and a position statement
    • Hurlbert RJ, Moulton R: Why do you prescribe methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury? A Canadian perspective and a position statement. Can J Neurol Sci 29:236-239, 2002
    • (2002) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.29 , pp. 236-239
    • Hurlbert, R.J.1    Moulton, R.2
  • 77
    • 0034703331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-ischemic hypothermia delayed neutrophil accumulation and microglial activation following transient focal ischemia in rats
    • Inamasu J, Suga S, Sato S, Horiguchi T, Akaji K, Mayanagi K, et al: Post-ischemic hypothermia delayed neutrophil accumulation and microglial activation following transient focal ischemia in rats. J Neuroimmunol 109:66-74, 2000
    • (2000) J Neuroimmunol , vol.109 , pp. 66-74
    • Inamasu, J.1    Suga, S.2    Sato, S.3    Horiguchi, T.4    Akaji, K.5    Mayanagi, K.6
  • 78
    • 0036682382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of neurologic recovery in acute central cervical cord injury with only upper extremity impairment
    • Ishida Y, Tominaga T: Predictors of neurologic recovery in acute central cervical cord injury with only upper extremity impairment. Spine 27:1652-1658, 2002
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27 , pp. 1652-1658
    • Ishida, Y.1    Tominaga, T.2
  • 79
    • 0018498680 scopus 로고
    • Neurites grow faster towards the cathode than the anode in a steady field
    • Jaffe LF, Poo MM: Neurites grow faster towards the cathode than the anode in a steady field. J Exp Zool 209:115-128, 1979
    • (1979) J Exp Zool , vol.209 , pp. 115-128
    • Jaffe, L.F.1    Poo, M.M.2
  • 80
    • 33847321056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of cerebral protection with mild-to-moderate hypothermia after traumatic brain injury
    • Jiang JY, Yang XF: Current status of cerebral protection with mild-to-moderate hypothermia after traumatic brain injury. Curr Opin Crit Care 13:153-155, 2007
    • (2007) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.13 , pp. 153-155
    • Jiang, J.Y.1    Yang, X.F.2
  • 81
    • 33645455547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed transplantation of adult neural precursor cells promotes remyelination and functional neurological recovery after spinal cord injury
    • Karimi-Abdolrezaee S, Eftekharpour E, Wang J, Morshead CM, Fehlings MG: Delayed transplantation of adult neural precursor cells promotes remyelination and functional neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 26:3377- 3389, 2006
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 3377-3389
    • Karimi-Abdolrezaee, S.1    Eftekharpour, E.2    Wang, J.3    Morshead, C.M.4    Fehlings, M.G.5
  • 82
    • 18644384444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplants remyelinate and restore locomotion after spinal cord injury
    • Keirstead HS, Nistor G, Bernal G, Totoiu M, Cloutier F, Sharp K, et al: Human embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplants remyelinate and restore locomotion after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 25:4694-4705, 2005
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 4694-4705
    • Keirstead, H.S.1    Nistor, G.2    Bernal, G.3    Totoiu, M.4    Cloutier, F.5    Sharp, K.6
  • 83
    • 27244435547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience using incubated autologous macrophages as a treatment for complete spinal cord injury: phase I study results
    • Knoller N, Auerbach G, Fulga V, Zelig G, Attias J, Bakimer R, et al: Clinical experience using incubated autologous macrophages as a treatment for complete spinal cord injury: phase I study results. J Neurosurg Spine 3:173-181, 2005
    • (2005) J Neurosurg Spine , vol.3 , pp. 173-181
    • Knoller, N.1    Auerbach, G.2    Fulga, V.3    Zelig, G.4    Attias, J.5    Bakimer, R.6
  • 84
    • 17844372209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles for international registration of protocol information and results from human trials of health related interventions: Ottawa statement (part 1)
    • Krleza-Jeric K, Chan AW, Dickersin K, Sim I, Grimshaw J, Gluud C: Principles for international registration of protocol information and results from human trials of health related interventions: Ottawa statement (part 1). BMJ 330:956-958, 2005
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.330 , pp. 956-958
    • Krleza-Jeric, K.1    Chan, A.W.2    Dickersin, K.3    Sim, I.4    Grimshaw, J.5    Gluud, C.6
  • 85
    • 4744359726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Naloxone lowers cerebrospinal fluid levels of excitatory amino acids after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery
    • Kunihara T, Matsuzaki K, Shiiya N, Saijo Y, Yasuda K: Naloxone lowers cerebrospinal fluid levels of excitatory amino acids after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. J Vasc Surg 40:681-690, 2004
    • (2004) J Vasc Surg , vol.40 , pp. 681-690
    • Kunihara, T.1    Matsuzaki, K.2    Shiiya, N.3    Saijo, Y.4    Yasuda, K.5
  • 87
    • 3342967871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology and pharmacologic treatment of acute spinal cord injury
    • Kwon BK, Tetzlaff W, Grauer JN, Beiner J, Vaccaro AR: Pathophysiology and pharmacologic treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Spine J 4:451-464, 2004
    • (2004) Spine J , vol.4 , pp. 451-464
    • Kwon, B.K.1    Tetzlaff, W.2    Grauer, J.N.3    Beiner, J.4    Vaccaro, A.R.5
  • 88
    • 0032851864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the value of gacyclidine (GK-11) as adjuvant medication to conventional treatments of organophosphate poisoning: primate experiments mimicking various scenarios of military or terrorist attack by soman
    • Lallement G, Baubichon D, Clarençon D, Galonnier M, Peoc'h M, Carpentier P: Review of the value of gacyclidine (GK-11) as adjuvant medication to conventional treatments of organophosphate poisoning: primate experiments mimicking various scenarios of military or terrorist attack by soman. Neurotoxicology 20:675-684, 1999
    • (1999) Neurotoxicology , vol.20 , pp. 675-684
    • Lallement, G.1    Baubichon, D.2    Clarençon, D.3    Galonnier, M.4    Peoc'h, M.5    Carpentier, P.6
  • 89
    • 33847407953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP panel: clinical trial design
    • Lammertse D, Tuszynski MH, Steeves JD, Curt A, Fawcett JW, Rask C, et al: Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP panel: clinical trial design. Spinal Cord 45:232-242, 2007
    • (2007) Spinal Cord , vol.45 , pp. 232-242
    • Lammertse, D.1    Tuszynski, M.H.2    Steeves, J.D.3    Curt, A.4    Fawcett, J.W.5    Rask, C.6
  • 90
    • 7944234390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on pharmaceutical trials in acute spinal cord injury
    • Lammertse DP: Update on pharmaceutical trials in acute spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 27:319-325, 2004
    • (2004) J Spinal Cord Med , vol.27 , pp. 319-325
    • Lammertse, D.P.1
  • 92
    • 0035522757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human embryonic stem cells: culture, differentiation, and genetic modification for regenerative medicine applications
    • Lebkowski JS, Gold J, Xu C, Funk W, Chiu CP, Carpenter MK: Human embryonic stem cells: culture, differentiation, and genetic modification for regenerative medicine applications. Cancer J 7:83-93, 2001
    • (2001) Cancer J , vol.7 , pp. 83-93
    • Lebkowski, J.S.1    Gold, J.2    Xu, C.3    Funk, W.4    Chiu, C.P.5    Carpenter, M.K.6
  • 93
    • 0142025464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in the rat
    • Lee SM, Yune TY, Kim SJ, Park DW, Lee YK, Kim YC, et al: Minocycline reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma 20:1017-1027, 2003
    • (2003) J Neurotrauma , vol.20 , pp. 1017-1027
    • Lee, S.M.1    Yune, T.Y.2    Kim, S.J.3    Park, D.W.4    Lee, Y.K.5    Kim, Y.C.6
  • 94
    • 0027958470 scopus 로고
    • Effect of moderate hypothermia on lipid peroxidation in canine brain tissue after cardiac arrest and resuscitation
    • Lei B, Tan X, Cai H, Xu Q, Guo Q: Effect of moderate hypothermia on lipid peroxidation in canine brain tissue after cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Stroke 25:147-152, 1994
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , pp. 147-152
    • Lei, B.1    Tan, X.2    Cai, H.3    Xu, Q.4    Guo, Q.5
  • 95
    • 3042517848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of gacyclidine. A multicenter double-blind pilot trial in patients with acute traumatic brain injury
    • Lepeintre JF, D'Arbigny P, Mathé JF, Vigué B, Loubert G, Delcour J, et al: Neuroprotective effect of gacyclidine. A multicenter double-blind pilot trial in patients with acute traumatic brain injury. Neurochirurgie 50:83-95, 2004
    • (2004) Neurochirurgie , vol.50 , pp. 83-95
    • Lepeintre, J.F.1    D'Arbigny, P.2    Mathé, J.F.3    Vigué, B.4    Loubert, G.5    Delcour, J.6
  • 97
    • 34249777567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic hypothermia: neuroprotective mechanisms
    • Liu L, Yenari MA: Therapeutic hypothermia: neuroprotective mechanisms. Front Biosci 12:816-825, 2007
    • (2007) Front Biosci , vol.12 , pp. 816-825
    • Liu, L.1    Yenari, M.A.2
  • 98
    • 0023522076 scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal dynorphin A1-13 and dynorphin A3-13 reduce rat spinal cord blood flow by non-opioid mechanisms
    • Long JB, Kinney RC, Malcolm DS, Graeber GM, Holaday JW: Intrathecal dynorphin A1-13 and dynorphin A3-13 reduce rat spinal cord blood flow by non-opioid mechanisms. Brain Res 436:374-379, 1987
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.436 , pp. 374-379
    • Long, J.B.1    Kinney, R.C.2    Malcolm, D.S.3    Graeber, G.M.4    Holaday, J.W.5
  • 99
    • 0033659680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of neuroprotectants in stroke
    • Lyden P, Wahlgren NG: Mechanisms of action of neuroprotectants in stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 9:9-14, 2000
    • (2000) J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.9 , pp. 9-14
    • Lyden, P.1    Wahlgren, N.G.2
  • 100
    • 34548431021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological roles of neurite outgrowth inhibitors in myelinated axons of the central nervous system-implications for the therapeutic neutralization of neurite outgrowth inhibitors
    • Ma QH, Yang WL, Nie DY, Dawe GS, Xiao ZC: Physiological roles of neurite outgrowth inhibitors in myelinated axons of the central nervous system-implications for the therapeutic neutralization of neurite outgrowth inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 13:2529-2537, 2007
    • (2007) Curr Pharm Des , vol.13 , pp. 2529-2537
    • Ma, Q.H.1    Yang, W.L.2    Nie, D.Y.3    Dawe, G.S.4    Xiao, Z.C.5
  • 101
    • 33748426473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain with no gain: allodynia following neural stem cell transplantation in spinal cord injury
    • Macias MY, Syring MB, Pizzi MA, Crowe MJ, Alexanian AR, Kurpad SN: Pain with no gain: allodynia following neural stem cell transplantation in spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 201:335-348, 2006
    • (2006) Exp Neurol , vol.201 , pp. 335-348
    • Macias, M.Y.1    Syring, M.B.2    Pizzi, M.A.3    Crowe, M.J.4    Alexanian, A.R.5    Kurpad, S.N.6
  • 102
    • 33646577132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting Rho to stimulate repair after spinal cord injury
    • McKerracher L, Higuchi H: Targeting Rho to stimulate repair after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 23:309-317, 2006
    • (2006) J Neurotrauma , vol.23 , pp. 309-317
    • McKerracher, L.1    Higuchi, H.2
  • 103
    • 7444250741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of early surgical management versus late or no surgical intervention after acute spinal cord injury
    • McKinley W, Meade M, Kirshblum S, Barnard B: Outcomes of early surgical management versus late or no surgical intervention after acute spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85:1818-1825, 2004
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , pp. 1818-1825
    • McKinley, W.1    Meade, M.2    Kirshblum, S.3    Barnard, B.4
  • 106
    • 0033388098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist Selfotel (CGS 19755) in the treatment of severe head injury: results of two phase III clinical trials. The Selfotel Investigators
    • Morris GF, Bullock R, Marshall SB, Marmarou A, Maas A, Marshall LF: Failure of the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist Selfotel (CGS 19755) in the treatment of severe head injury: results of two phase III clinical trials. The Selfotel Investigators. J Neurosurg 91:737-743, 1999
    • (1999) J Neurosurg , vol.91 , pp. 737-743
    • Morris, G.F.1    Bullock, R.2    Marshall, S.B.3    Marmarou, A.4    Maas, A.5    Marshall, L.F.6
  • 107
    • 0033802214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole and methylprednisolone combined treatment improves functional recovery in traumatic spinal cord injury
    • Mu X, Azbill RD, Springer JE: Riluzole and methylprednisolone combined treatment improves functional recovery in traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 17:773-780, 2000
    • (2000) J Neurotrauma , vol.17 , pp. 773-780
    • Mu, X.1    Azbill, R.D.2    Springer, J.E.3
  • 108
    • 0032425112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids and spinal cord injury: revisiting the NASCIS 2 and NASCIS 3 trials
    • Nesathurai S: Steroids and spinal cord injury: revisiting the NASCIS 2 and NASCIS 3 trials. J Trauma 45:1088-1093, 1998
    • (1998) J Trauma , vol.45 , pp. 1088-1093
    • Nesathurai, S.1
  • 109
    • 33845288983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed riluzole treatment is able to rescue injured rat spinal motoneurons
    • Nógrádi A, Szabó A, Pintér S, Vrbová G: Delayed riluzole treatment is able to rescue injured rat spinal motoneurons. Neuroscience 144:431-438, 2007
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.144 , pp. 431-438
    • Nógrádi, A.1    Szabó, A.2    Pintér, S.3    Vrbová, G.4
  • 110
    • 0038204205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation: therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. An advisory statement by the Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation
    • Nolan JP, Morley PT, Hoek TL, Hickey RW: Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation: therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. An advisory statement by the Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation 57:231-235, 2003
    • (2003) Resuscitation , vol.57 , pp. 231-235
    • Nolan, J.P.1    Morley, P.T.2    Hoek, T.L.3    Hickey, R.W.4
  • 111
    • 25644452628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged hypothermia protects neonatal rat brain against hypoxic-ischemia by reducing both apoptosis and necrosis
    • Ohmura A, Nakajima W, Ishida A, Yasuoka N, Kawamura M, Miura S, et al: Prolonged hypothermia protects neonatal rat brain against hypoxic-ischemia by reducing both apoptosis and necrosis. Brain Dev 27:517-526, 2005
    • (2005) Brain Dev , vol.27 , pp. 517-526
    • Ohmura, A.1    Nakajima, W.2    Ishida, A.3    Yasuoka, N.4    Kawamura, M.5    Miura, S.6
  • 112
    • 0001335907 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury
    • Otani K, Abe H, Kadoya S, Nakagawa H, Ikata T, Tominaga S, et al: Beneficial effects of methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Sekitsy Sekizui 7:633-647, 1994
    • (1994) Sekitsy Sekizui , vol.7 , pp. 633-647
    • Otani, K.1    Abe, H.2    Kadoya, S.3    Nakagawa, H.4    Ikata, T.5    Tominaga, S.6
  • 113
    • 0032971226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of methylprednisolone following transection of adult rat spinal cord
    • Oudega M, Vargas CG, Weber AB, Kleitman N, Bunge MB: Long-term effects of methylprednisolone following transection of adult rat spinal cord. Eur J Neurosci 11:2453-2464, 1999
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 2453-2464
    • Oudega, M.1    Vargas, C.G.2    Weber, A.B.3    Kleitman, N.4    Bunge, M.B.5
  • 114
    • 33747628040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservation of upper limb function following spinal cord injury: a clinical practice guideline for health-care professionals
    • Paralyzed Veterans of America Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine
    • Paralyzed Veterans of America Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine: Preservation of upper limb function following spinal cord injury: a clinical practice guideline for health-care professionals. J Spinal Cord Med 28:434-470, 2005
    • (2005) J Spinal Cord Med , vol.28 , pp. 434-470
  • 115
    • 3042816808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of excitotoxicity in secondary mechanisms of spinal cord injury: a review with an emphasis on the implications for white matter degeneration
    • Park E, Velumian AA, Fehlings MG: The role of excitotoxicity in secondary mechanisms of spinal cord injury: a review with an emphasis on the implications for white matter degeneration. J Neurotrauma 21:754-774, 2004
    • (2004) J Neurotrauma , vol.21 , pp. 754-774
    • Park, E.1    Velumian, A.A.2    Fehlings, M.G.3
  • 116
    • 21844442589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of complete spinal cord injury patients by autologous bone marrow cell transplantation and administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
    • Park HC, Shim YS, Ha Y, Yoon SH, Park SR, Choi BH, et al: Treatment of complete spinal cord injury patients by autologous bone marrow cell transplantation and administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. Tissue Eng 11:913-922, 2005
    • (2005) Tissue Eng , vol.11 , pp. 913-922
    • Park, H.C.1    Shim, Y.S.2    Ha, Y.3    Yoon, S.H.4    Park, S.R.5    Choi, B.H.6
  • 117
    • 0023185866 scopus 로고
    • The macrophage response to central and peripheral nerve injury. A possible role for macrophages in regeneration
    • Perry VH, Brown MC, Gordon S: The macrophage response to central and peripheral nerve injury. A possible role for macrophages in regeneration. J Exp Med 165:1218-1223, 1987
    • (1987) J Exp Med , vol.165 , pp. 1218-1223
    • Perry, V.H.1    Brown, M.C.2    Gordon, S.3
  • 119
    • 0029157656 scopus 로고
    • Treatment with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries
    • Pitts LH, Ross A, Chase GA, Faden AI: Treatment with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries. J Neurotrauma 12:235-243, 1995
    • (1995) J Neurotrauma , vol.12 , pp. 235-243
    • Pitts, L.H.1    Ross, A.2    Chase, G.A.3    Faden, A.I.4
  • 122
    • 0033645496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose methylprednisolone may do more harm for spinal cord injury
    • Qian T, Campagnolo D, Kirshblum S: High-dose methylprednisolone may do more harm for spinal cord injury. Med Hypotheses 55:452-453, 2000
    • (2000) Med Hypotheses , vol.55 , pp. 452-453
    • Qian, T.1    Campagnolo, D.2    Kirshblum, S.3
  • 124
    • 0033757632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional recovery of paraplegic rats and motor axon regeneration in their spinal cords by olfactory ensheathing glia
    • Ramón-Cueto A, Cordero MI, Santos-Benito FF, Avila J: Functional recovery of paraplegic rats and motor axon regeneration in their spinal cords by olfactory ensheathing glia. Neuron 25:425-435, 2000
    • (2000) Neuron , vol.25 , pp. 425-435
    • Ramón-Cueto, A.1    Cordero, M.I.2    Santos-Benito, F.F.3    Avila, J.4
  • 125
    • 0031849511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implantation of stimulated homologous macrophages results in partial recovery of paraplegic rats
    • Rapalino O, Lazarov-Spiegler O, Agranov E, Velan GJ, Yoles E, Fraidakis M, et al: Implantation of stimulated homologous macrophages results in partial recovery of paraplegic rats. Nat Med 4:814-821, 1998
    • (1998) Nat Med , vol.4 , pp. 814-821
    • Rapalino, O.1    Lazarov-Spiegler, O.2    Agranov, E.3    Velan, G.J.4    Yoles, E.5    Fraidakis, M.6
  • 126
    • 0018908523 scopus 로고
    • Axons from CNS neurons regenerate into PNS grafts
    • Richardson PM, McGuinness UM, Aguayo AJ: Axons from CNS neurons regenerate into PNS grafts. Nature 284:264-265, 1980
    • (1980) Nature , vol.284 , pp. 264-265
    • Richardson, P.M.1    McGuinness, U.M.2    Aguayo, A.J.3
  • 127
    • 0043233331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular therapies for spinal cord injury: what will the FDA need to approve moving from the laboratory to the human?
    • Sagen J: Cellular therapies for spinal cord injury: what will the FDA need to approve moving from the laboratory to the human? J Rehabil Res Dev 40:71-79, 2003
    • (2003) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.40 , pp. 71-79
    • Sagen, J.1
  • 128
    • 0025017637 scopus 로고
    • Axonal regeneration in the rat spinal cord produced by an antibody against myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitors
    • Schnell L, Schwab ME: Axonal regeneration in the rat spinal cord produced by an antibody against myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitors. Nature 343:269-272, 1990
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 269-272
    • Schnell, L.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 129
    • 0034867539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of sodium channel blockers after spinal cord injury: improved behavioral and neuroanatomical recovery with riluzole
    • Schwartz G, Fehlings MG: Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of sodium channel blockers after spinal cord injury: improved behavioral and neuroanatomical recovery with riluzole. J Neurosurg 94:245-256, 2001
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.94 , pp. 245-256
    • Schwartz, G.1    Fehlings, M.G.2
  • 130
    • 0035893632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury
    • Sekhon LH, Fehlings M: Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury. Spine 26:S2-S12, 2001
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26
    • Sekhon, L.H.1    Fehlings, M.2
  • 131
    • 13844280465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillating field stimulation for complete spinal cord injury in humans: a phase 1 trial
    • Shapiro S, Borgens R, Pascuzzi R, Roos K, Groff M, Purvines S, et al: Oscillating field stimulation for complete spinal cord injury in humans: a phase 1 trial. J Neurosurg Spine 2:3-10, 2005
    • (2005) J Neurosurg Spine , vol.2 , pp. 3-10
    • Shapiro, S.1    Borgens, R.2    Pascuzzi, R.3    Roos, K.4    Groff, M.5    Purvines, S.6
  • 132
    • 33845628191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole promotes cell survival and neurite outgrowth in rat sensory neurones in vitro
    • Shortland PJ, Leinster VH, White W, Robson LG: Riluzole promotes cell survival and neurite outgrowth in rat sensory neurones in vitro. Eur J Neurosci 24:3343-3353, 2006
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 3343-3353
    • Shortland, P.J.1    Leinster, V.H.2    White, W.3    Robson, L.G.4
  • 133
    • 0032563211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a bovine neurite growth inhibitor (bNI-220)
    • Spillmann AA, Bandtlow CE, Lottspeich F, Keller F, Schwab ME: Identification and characterization of a bovine neurite growth inhibitor (bNI-220). J Biol Chem 273:19283-19293, 1998
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 19283-19293
    • Spillmann, A.A.1    Bandtlow, C.E.2    Lottspeich, F.3    Keller, F.4    Schwab, M.E.5
  • 135
    • 33847339738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury (SCI) as developed by the ICCP panel: clinical trial outcome measures
    • Steeves JD, Lammertse D, Curt A, Fawcett JW, Tuszynski MH, Ditunno JF, et al: Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury (SCI) as developed by the ICCP panel: clinical trial outcome measures. Spinal Cord 45:206-221, 2007
    • (2007) Spinal Cord , vol.45 , pp. 206-221
    • Steeves, J.D.1    Lammertse, D.2    Curt, A.3    Fawcett, J.W.4    Tuszynski, M.H.5    Ditunno, J.F.6
  • 136
    • 1542376941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline treatment reduces delayed oligodendrocyte death, attenuates axonal dieback, and improves functional outcome after spinal cord injury
    • Stirling DP, Khodarahmi K, Liu J, McPhail LT, McBride CB, Steeves JD, et al: Minocycline treatment reduces delayed oligodendrocyte death, attenuates axonal dieback, and improves functional outcome after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 24:2182- 2190, 2004
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 2182-2190
    • Stirling, D.P.1    Khodarahmi, K.2    Liu, J.3    McPhail, L.T.4    McBride, C.B.5    Steeves, J.D.6
  • 137
    • 33846240478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with subacute and chronic spinal cord injury
    • Syková E, Homola A, Mazanec R, Lachmann H, Konrádová SL, Kobylka P, et al: Autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with subacute and chronic spinal cord injury. Cell Transplant 15:675-687, 2006
    • (2006) Cell Transplant , vol.15 , pp. 675-687
    • Syková, E.1    Homola, A.2    Mazanec, R.3    Lachmann, H.4    Konrádová, S.L.5    Kobylka, P.6
  • 138
    • 0000967539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute spinal cord injury: early care and treatment in a multicenter study with gacyclidine
    • (Abstract)
    • Tadie M, D'Arbigny P, Mathé J, Loubert G, Saint-Marc C, Menthonnex P, et al: Acute spinal cord injury: early care and treatment in a multicenter study with gacyclidine. Soc Neurosci 25:1090, 1999 (Abstract)
    • (1999) Soc Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 1090
    • Tadie, M.1    D'Arbigny, P.2    Mathé, J.3    Loubert, G.4    Saint-Marc, C.5    Menthonnex, P.6
  • 139
    • 33845207898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of treatment trials in human spinal cord injury: issues, difficulties, and recommendations
    • Tator CH: Review of treatment trials in human spinal cord injury: issues, difficulties, and recommendations. Neurosurgery 59:957-982, 2006
    • (2006) Neurosurgery , vol.59 , pp. 957-982
    • Tator, C.H.1
  • 140
    • 0032749057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current use and timing of spinal surgery for management of acute spinal surgery for management of acute spinal cord injury in North America: results of a retrospective multicenter study
    • Tator CH, Fehlings MG, Thorpe K, Taylor W: Current use and timing of spinal surgery for management of acute spinal surgery for management of acute spinal cord injury in North America: results of a retrospective multicenter study. J Neurosurg 91:12-18, 1999
    • (1999) J Neurosurg , vol.91 , pp. 12-18
    • Tator, C.H.1    Fehlings, M.G.2    Thorpe, K.3    Taylor, W.4
  • 141
    • 12144290904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline inhibits contusion-triggered mitochondrial cytochrome c release and mitigates functional deficits after spinal cord injury
    • Teng YD, Choi H, Onario RC, Zhu S, Desilets FC, Lan S, et al: Minocycline inhibits contusion-triggered mitochondrial cytochrome c release and mitigates functional deficits after spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:3071-3076, 2004
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.101 , pp. 3071-3076
    • Teng, Y.D.1    Choi, H.2    Onario, R.C.3    Zhu, S.4    Desilets, F.C.5    Lan, S.6
  • 142
    • 0035876916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline provides neuroprotection against N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglia
    • Tikka TM, Koistinaho JE: Minocycline provides neuroprotection against N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglia. J Immunol 166:7527-7533, 2001
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 7527-7533
    • Tikka, T.M.1    Koistinaho, J.E.2
  • 143
    • 33847338895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP Panel: clinical trial inclusion/exclusion criteria and ethics
    • Tuszynski MH, Steeves JD, Fawcett JW, Lammertse D, Kalichman M, Rask C, et al: Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials for spinal cord injury as developed by the ICCP Panel: clinical trial inclusion/exclusion criteria and ethics. Spinal Cord 45:222-231, 2007
    • (2007) Spinal Cord , vol.45 , pp. 222-231
    • Tuszynski, M.H.1    Steeves, J.D.2    Fawcett, J.W.3    Lammertse, D.4    Kalichman, M.5    Rask, C.6
  • 144
    • 13444304164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing walking ability in subjects with spinal cord injury: validity and reliability of 3 walking tests
    • van Hedel HJ, Wirz M, Dietz V: Assessing walking ability in subjects with spinal cord injury: validity and reliability of 3 walking tests. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 86:190-196, 2005
    • (2005) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.86 , pp. 190-196
    • van Hedel, H.J.1    Wirz, M.2    Dietz, V.3
  • 145
    • 20644447816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell biology. Ready or not? Human ES cells head toward the clinic
    • Vogel G: Cell biology. Ready or not? Human ES cells head toward the clinic. Science 308:1534-1538, 2005
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1534-1538
    • Vogel, G.1
  • 146
    • 1642462299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the riluzole inhibition of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes)
    • Wang SJ, Wang KY, Wang WC: Mechanisms underlying the riluzole inhibition of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Neuroscience 125:191-201, 2004
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.125 , pp. 191-201
    • Wang, S.J.1    Wang, K.Y.2    Wang, W.C.3
  • 147
    • 0037481943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection by minocycline facilitates significant recovery from spinal cord injury in mice
    • Wells JE, Hurlbert RJ, Fehlings MG, Yong VW: Neuroprotection by minocycline facilitates significant recovery from spinal cord injury in mice. Brain 126:1628-1637, 2003
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , pp. 1628-1637
    • Wells, J.E.1    Hurlbert, R.J.2    Fehlings, M.G.3    Yong, V.W.4
  • 148
  • 151
    • 34547915244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete spinal cord injury treatment using autologous bone marrow cell transplantation and bone marrow stimulation with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor: Phase I/II clinical trial
    • Yoon SH, Shim YS, Park YH, Chung JK, Nam JH, Kim MO, et al: Complete spinal cord injury treatment using autologous bone marrow cell transplantation and bone marrow stimulation with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor: Phase I/II clinical trial. Stem Cells 25:2066-2073, 2007
    • (2007) Stem Cells , vol.25 , pp. 2066-2073
    • Yoon, S.H.1    Shim, Y.S.2    Park, Y.H.3    Chung, J.K.4    Nam, J.H.5    Kim, M.O.6
  • 153
    • 34447643571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline alleviates death of oligodendrocytes by inhibiting pro-nerve growth factor production in microglia after spinal cord injury
    • Yune TY, Lee JY, Jung GY, Kim SJ, Jiang MH, Kim YC, et al: Minocycline alleviates death of oligodendrocytes by inhibiting pro-nerve growth factor production in microglia after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 27:7751-7761, 2007
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 7751-7761
    • Yune, T.Y.1    Lee, J.Y.2    Jung, G.Y.3    Kim, S.J.4    Jiang, M.H.5    Kim, Y.C.6
  • 154
    • 0029000217 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glutamate release: a possible mechanism of hypothermic neuroprotection
    • Zornow MH: Inhibition of glutamate release: a possible mechanism of hypothermic neuroprotection. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 7:148-151, 1995
    • (1995) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.7 , pp. 148-151
    • Zornow, M.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.