메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 235-253

Functional neuroanatomy of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus: Its roles in the regulation of arousal and autonomic function part I: Principles of functional organisation

Author keywords

Arousal; Autonomic function; Autoreceptors; Brainstem; Diencephalons; Forebrain; Locus coeruleus; Spinal cord

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; AUTORECEPTOR; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR INVERSE STIMULATING AGENT; BICUCULLINE; CHOLECYSTOKININ DERIVATIVE; CLONIDINE; MODAFINIL; MUSCIMOL; OPIATE; OPIATE AGONIST; OREXIN; PRAZOSIN; SEROTONIN 2C AGONIST; YOHIMBINE;

EID: 53249088144     PISSN: 1570159X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157015908785777229     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (548)

References (411)
  • 1
    • 0030950968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clonidine and diazepam on the acoustic startle response and on its inhibition by 'prepulses' in man
    • Abduljawad, K.A.J., Langley, R.W., Bradshaw, C.M., Szabadi, E. (1997) Effects of clonidine and diazepam on the acoustic startle response and on its inhibition by 'prepulses' in man. J. Psychopharmacol., 11, 29-34.
    • (1997) J. Psychopharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 29-34
    • Abduljawad, K.A.J.1    Langley, R.W.2    Bradshaw, C.M.3    Szabadi, E.4
  • 2
    • 0035660609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clonidine and diazepam on prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response and the N1/P2 auditory evoked potential in man
    • Abduljawad, K.A.J., Langley, R.W., Bradshaw, C.M., Szabadi, E. (2001) Effects of clonidine and diazepam on prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response and the N1/P2 auditory evoked potential in man. J. Psychopharmacol., 15, 237-242.
    • (2001) J. Psychopharmacol , vol.15 , pp. 237-242
    • Abduljawad, K.A.J.1    Langley, R.W.2    Bradshaw, C.M.3    Szabadi, E.4
  • 3
    • 0032589406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1B-adrenergic receptor in female rat brain regions involved in stress and neuroendocrine function
    • 1B-adrenergic receptor in female rat brain regions involved in stress and neuroendocrine function. Neurochem. Int., 35, 383-391.
    • (1999) Neurochem. Int , vol.35 , pp. 383-391
    • Acosta-Martinez, M.1    Fiber, J.M.2    Brown, R.D.3    Etgen, A.M.4
  • 4
    • 0017671742 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for norepinephrine-mediated collateral inhibition of locus coerdleus neurons
    • Aghajanian, G.K., Cedarbaum, J.M., Wang, R.Y. (1977) Evidence for norepinephrine-mediated collateral inhibition of locus coerdleus neurons. Brain Res., 136, 570-577.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.136 , pp. 570-577
    • Aghajanian, G.K.1    Cedarbaum, J.M.2    Wang, R.Y.3
  • 5
    • 0023258910 scopus 로고
    • Common alpha-l and opiate effector mechanisms in the locus coemleus intracellular studies in brain slices
    • Aghajanian, G.K., Wang, Y.Y. (1987) Common alpha-l and opiate effector mechanisms in the locus coemleus intracellular studies in brain slices. Neuropharmacology, 26, 793-799.
    • (1987) Neuropharmacology , vol.26 , pp. 793-799
    • Aghajanian, G.K.1    Wang, Y.Y.2
  • 6
    • 0025646339 scopus 로고
    • Topographically organized projections from the nucleus subcocrulcus to the hypoglossal nucleus in the rat: A light and electron microscopic study with complementary axonal transport techniques
    • Aldes, L.D. (1990) Topographically organized projections from the nucleus subcocrulcus to the hypoglossal nucleus in the rat: A light and electron microscopic study with complementary axonal transport techniques. J. Comp. Neurol., 302, 643-656.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.302 , pp. 643-656
    • Aldes, L.D.1
  • 7
    • 0027970226 scopus 로고
    • Serotoninergic and nonserotoninergic neurons in the medullary raphe system have axon collateral projections to autonomic and somatic cell groups in the medulla and spinal cord
    • Allen, G.V., Cechetto, D.F. (1994) Serotoninergic and nonserotoninergic neurons in the medullary raphe system have axon collateral projections to autonomic and somatic cell groups in the medulla and spinal cord. J. Comp. Neurol., 350, 357-366.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.350 , pp. 357-366
    • Allen, G.V.1    Cechetto, D.F.2
  • 8
    • 0017757926 scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus: Neurobiology of a central noradrenergic nucleus
    • Amaral, D.G., Sinnamon, H.M. (1977) The locus coeruleus: neurobiology of a central noradrenergic nucleus. Prog. Neurobiol., 9, 147-196.
    • (1977) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.9 , pp. 147-196
    • Amaral, D.G.1    Sinnamon, H.M.2
  • 9
    • 33244493058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate increases cortical excitability via activation of alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors
    • Andrews, G.D., Lavin, A. (2006) Methylphenidate increases cortical excitability via activation of alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology, 31, 594-601.
    • (2006) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.31 , pp. 594-601
    • Andrews, G.D.1    Lavin, A.2
  • 10
    • 0032551696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-fos expression and electrolytic lesions studies reveal activation of the posterior region of locus cocruleus during hemorrhage induced hypotension
    • Anselmo-Franci, J.A., Peres-Polon, V.L., da Rocha-Barros, V.M., Moreira, E.R., Franci, C.R., Rocha, M.J.A. (1998) C-fos expression and electrolytic lesions studies reveal activation of the posterior region of locus cocruleus during hemorrhage induced hypotension. Brain Res., 799, 278-284.
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.799 , pp. 278-284
    • Anselmo-Franci, J.A.1    Peres-Polon, V.L.2    da Rocha-Barros, V.M.3    Moreira, E.R.4    Franci, C.R.5    Rocha, M.J.A.6
  • 11
    • 0023878059 scopus 로고
    • The intermediolateral cell column of the thoracic spinal cord is comprised of target-specific subnuclei: Evidence from retrograde transport studies and immunohistochemistry
    • Appel, N.M., Elde, R.P. (1988) The intermediolateral cell column of the thoracic spinal cord is comprised of target-specific subnuclei: evidence from retrograde transport studies and immunohistochemistry. J. Neurosci., 8, 1767-1775.
    • (1988) J. Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 1767-1775
    • Appel, N.M.1    Elde, R.P.2
  • 12
    • 0021252686 scopus 로고
    • Selective prefrontal cortical projections to the region of the locus cocruleus and raphe nuclei in rhesus monkey
    • Arnsten, A.F., Goldman-Rakic, P.S. (1984) Selective prefrontal cortical projections to the region of the locus cocruleus and raphe nuclei in rhesus monkey. Brain Res., 306, 9-18.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.306 , pp. 9-18
    • Arnsten, A.F.1    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.2
  • 13
    • 0025076980 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical evidence for multiple pathways leading from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (nucleus paragigantocellularis) to the locus cocruleus in the rat
    • Astier, B., Van Bockstaele, E.J., Aston-Jones, G., Pieribone, V.A. (1990) Anatomical evidence for multiple pathways leading from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (nucleus paragigantocellularis) to the locus cocruleus in the rat. Neurosci. Lett., 118, 141-146.
    • (1990) Neurosci. Lett , vol.118 , pp. 141-146
    • Astier, B.1    Van Bockstaele, E.J.2    Aston-Jones, G.3    Pieribone, V.A.4
  • 14
    • 24344508790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain structures and receptors involved in alertness
    • Aston-Jones, G. (2005) Brain structures and receptors involved in alertness. Sleep Med., 6 (suppl. 1), S3-S7.
    • (2005) Sleep Med , vol.6 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Aston-Jones, G.1
  • 15
    • 0019855733 scopus 로고
    • Activity of norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats anticipates fluctuations in the sleep- waking cycle
    • Aston-Jones, G., Bloom, F.E. (1981) Activity of norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats anticipates fluctuations in the sleep- waking cycle. J. Neurosci., 1, 876-886.
    • (1981) J. Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 876-886
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 16
    • 0025788205 scopus 로고
    • Discharge of noradrenergic locus coerulcus neurons in behaving rats and monkeys suggests a role in vigilance
    • Aston-Jones, G., Chiang, C., Alexinsky, T. (1991) Discharge of noradrenergic locus coerulcus neurons in behaving rats and monkeys suggests a role in vigilance. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 501-520.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 501-520
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Chiang, C.2    Alexinsky, T.3
  • 17
    • 0022981586 scopus 로고
    • The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: Restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network
    • Aston-Jones, G., Ennis, M., Pieribone, V.A., Nickell, W.T., Shipley, M.T. (1986) The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network. Science, 234, 734-737.
    • (1986) Science , vol.234 , pp. 734-737
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Ennis, M.2    Pieribone, V.A.3    Nickell, W.T.4    Shipley, M.T.5
  • 18
    • 0042123759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overlapping distributions of orexin/hypocretin- and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers in rat brain regions mediating arousal, motivation, and stress
    • Baldo, B.A., Daniel, R.A., Berridge, C.W., Kelley, A.E. (2003) Overlapping distributions of orexin/hypocretin- and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers in rat brain regions mediating arousal, motivation, and stress. J. Comp. Neurol., 464, 220-237.
    • (2003) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.464 , pp. 220-237
    • Baldo, B.A.1    Daniel, R.A.2    Berridge, C.W.3    Kelley, A.E.4
  • 19
    • 0021830036 scopus 로고
    • Axonal projection patterns of ventrolateral medullospinal sympathoexicitatory neurons
    • Barman, S.M., Gebber, G.L. (1985) Axonal projection patterns of ventrolateral medullospinal sympathoexicitatory neurons. J. Neurophysiol., 53, 1551-1566.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol , vol.53 , pp. 1551-1566
    • Barman, S.M.1    Gebber, G.L.2
  • 20
    • 33746001388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-2 adrenergic regulation of pedunculopontine nucleus neurons during development
    • Bay, K.D., Mamiya, K., Good, C.H., Skinner, R.D., Garcia-Rill, E. (2006) Alpha-2 adrenergic regulation of pedunculopontine nucleus neurons during development. Neuroscience, 141, 769-779.
    • (2006) Neuroscience , vol.141 , pp. 769-779
    • Bay, K.D.1    Mamiya, K.2    Good, C.H.3    Skinner, R.D.4    Garcia-Rill, E.5
  • 22
    • 0018709829 scopus 로고
    • Efferent connections of the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in the rat
    • Beckstead, R.M., Domesick, V.B., Nauta, W.J. (1979) Efferent connections of the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in the rat. Brain Res., 175, 191-217.
    • (1979) Brain Res , vol.175 , pp. 191-217
    • Beckstead, R.M.1    Domesick, V.B.2    Nauta, W.J.3
  • 23
    • 0022123971 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine: A prolactin-inhibiting hormone
    • Ben-Jonathan, N. (1985) Dopamine: a prolactin-inhibiting hormone. Endocr. Rev., 6, 564-589.
    • (1985) Endocr. Rev , vol.6 , pp. 564-589
    • Ben-Jonathan, N.1
  • 24
    • 0032768251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis
    • Berridge, C.W., Abercrombie, E.D. (1999) Relationship between locus coeruleus discharge rates and rates of norepinephrine release within neocortex as assessed by in vivo microdialysis. Neuroscience, 93, 1263-1270.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.93 , pp. 1263-1270
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Abercrombie, E.D.2
  • 25
    • 0026040566 scopus 로고
    • Effects of locus cocruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in neocortex and hippocampus
    • Berridge, C.W., Foote, S.L. (1991) Effects of locus cocruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in neocortex and hippocampus. J. Neurosci., 11, 3135-3145.
    • (1991) J. Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3135-3145
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Foote, S.L.2
  • 26
    • 0029909673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of behavioural and electroencephalographic indices of waking following stimulation of noradrenergic β-receptors within the medial septal region of the basal forebrain
    • Berridge, C.W., Foote, S.L. (1996) Enhancement of behavioural and electroencephalographic indices of waking following stimulation of noradrenergic β-receptors within the medial septal region of the basal forebrain. J. Neurosci., 16, 6999-7009.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 6999-7009
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Foote, S.L.2
  • 27
    • 0037380661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additive wake-promoting actions of medial basal forebrain noradrenergic α1 - and β-receptor stimulation
    • Berridge, C.W., Isaac, S.O., España, R.A. (2003) Additive wake-promoting actions of medial basal forebrain noradrenergic α1 - and β-receptor stimulation. Behav. Neurosci., 117, 350-359.
    • (2003) Behav. Neurosci , vol.117 , pp. 350-359
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Isaac, S.O.2    España, R.A.3
  • 28
    • 0035120604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential sensitivity to the wake- promoting effects of norepinephrine within the medial pre-optic area and the substantia innominata
    • Berridge, C.W., O'Neill, J. (2001) Differential sensitivity to the wake- promoting effects of norepinephrine within the medial pre-optic area and the substantia innominata. Behav. Neurosci., 115, 165-174.
    • (2001) Behav. Neurosci , vol.115 , pp. 165-174
    • Berridge, C.W.1    O'Neill, J.2
  • 29
    • 0032809399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine acts within the medial basal forebrain to initiate and maintain alert waking
    • Berridge, C.W., O'Neill, J., Wifler, K. (1999) Amphetamine acts within the medial basal forebrain to initiate and maintain alert waking. Neuroscience, 93, 885-996.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.93 , pp. 885-996
    • Berridge, C.W.1    O'Neill, J.2    Wifler, K.3
  • 30
    • 0027327328 scopus 로고
    • Effects of locus coeruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in neocortex and hippocampus
    • Berridge, C.W., Page, M.E., Valentino, R-J., Foote, S.L. (1993) Effects of locus coeruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in neocortex and hippocampus. Neuroscience, 55, 381-393.
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.55 , pp. 381-393
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Page, M.E.2    Valentino, R.-J.3    Foote, S.L.4
  • 31
    • 21644454409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wake-promoting actions of medial basal forebrain β2 receptor stimulation
    • Berridge, C.W., Stellick, R.L., Schmeichel, B.E. (2005) Wake-promoting actions of medial basal forebrain β2 receptor stimulation. Behav. Neurosci., 119, 743-751.
    • (2005) Behav. Neurosci , vol.119 , pp. 743-751
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Stellick, R.L.2    Schmeichel, B.E.3
  • 32
    • 0037381980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coerulcus-noradrenergic system: Modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes
    • Berridge, C.W., Waterhouse, B.D. (2003) The locus coerulcus-noradrenergic system: modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes. Brain Res. Rev., 42, 33-84.
    • (2003) Brain Res. Rev , vol.42 , pp. 33-84
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Waterhouse, B.D.2
  • 33
    • 33745182875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo effect of tramadol on locus coeruleus neurons is mediated by α2-adrenoceptors and modulated by serotonin
    • Berrocoso, E., Micó, J.A., Ugedo, L (2006) In vivo effect of tramadol on locus coeruleus neurons is mediated by α2-adrenoceptors and modulated by serotonin. Neuropharmacology, 51, 146-153.
    • (2006) Neuropharmacology , vol.51 , pp. 146-153
    • Berrocoso, E.1    Micó, J.A.2    Ugedo, L.3
  • 34
    • 0042283881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2- adrenoceptors in the nucleus raphe magnus in opioid analgesia and opioid abstinence-induced hyperalgesia
    • 2- adrenoceptors in the nucleus raphe magnus in opioid analgesia and opioid abstinence-induced hyperalgesia. J. Neurosci., 23, 7950-7957.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 7950-7957
    • Bie, B.1    Fields, H.L.2    Williams, J.T.3    Pan, Z.Z.4
  • 35
    • 0030009974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in cardiovascular regulation
    • Blair, M.L., Piekut, D., Want, A., Olschowka, J.A. (1996) Role of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in cardiovascular regulation. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 23, 161-165.
    • (1996) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol , vol.23 , pp. 161-165
    • Blair, M.L.1    Piekut, D.2    Want, A.3    Olschowka, J.A.4
  • 36
    • 0028300929 scopus 로고
    • Induction of Fos immunoreactivity in the rat brain after cold-restraint induced gastric lesions and fecal excretion
    • Bonaz, B., Taché, Y. (1994) Induction of Fos immunoreactivity in the rat brain after cold-restraint induced gastric lesions and fecal excretion. Brain Res., 652, 56-64.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.652 , pp. 56-64
    • Bonaz, B.1    Taché, Y.2
  • 38
    • 3843112439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward expectation, orientation of attention and locus cocruleus-medial frontal cortex interplay during learning
    • Bouret, S., Sara, S.J. (2004) Reward expectation, orientation of attention and locus cocruleus-medial frontal cortex interplay during learning. Eur. J. Neurosci., 20, 791-802.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 791-802
    • Bouret, S.1    Sara, S.J.2
  • 39
    • 26944438305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network reset: A simplified overarching theory of locus coeruleus noradrenaline function
    • Bouret S., Sara, S.J. (2005) Network reset: a simplified overarching theory of locus coeruleus noradrenaline function. Trends Neurosci., 28, 574-582.
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 574-582
    • Bouret, S.1    Sara, S.J.2
  • 41
    • 0022357027 scopus 로고
    • Transganglionic transport of HRP from the circumvallate papilla of the rat
    • Bradley, R.M., Mistretta, C.M., Bates, C.A., Killackey, H.P. (1985) Transganglionic transport of HRP from the circumvallate papilla of the rat. Brain Res., 361, 154-161.
    • (1985) Brain Res , vol.361 , pp. 154-161
    • Bradley, R.M.1    Mistretta, C.M.2    Bates, C.A.3    Killackey, H.P.4
  • 42
    • 0021067734 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem connections to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the cat: A retrograde tracer study
    • Breen, L.A., Burde, R.M., Loewy, A.D. (1983) Brainstem connections to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the cat: a retrograde tracer study. Brain Res., 261, 303-306.
    • (1983) Brain Res , vol.261 , pp. 303-306
    • Breen, L.A.1    Burde, R.M.2    Loewy, A.D.3
  • 43
    • 0037109767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergent excitation of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons by multiple arousal systems (orexin/hypocretin, histamine and noradrenaline)
    • Brown, R.E., Sergeeva, O.A., Eriksson, K.S., Haas, H.L. (2002) Convergent excitation of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons by multiple arousal systems (orexin/hypocretin, histamine and noradrenaline). J. Neurosci., 22, 8850-8859.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 8850-8859
    • Brown, R.E.1    Sergeeva, O.A.2    Eriksson, K.S.3    Haas, H.L.4
  • 45
    • 0036546690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect excitation of laterodorsal tegmental neurons by hypocretin/orexin peptides: Implications for wakefulness and narcolepsy
    • Burlet, S., Tyler, C.J., Leonard, C.S. (2002) Direct and indirect excitation of laterodorsal tegmental neurons by hypocretin/orexin peptides: implications for wakefulness and narcolepsy. J. Neurosci., 22, 2862-2872.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 2862-2872
    • Burlet, S.1    Tyler, C.J.2    Leonard, C.S.3
  • 46
    • 0023193686 scopus 로고
    • Afferent and efferent connections of the A5 noradrenergic cell group in the rat
    • Byrum, C.E., Guyenet, P.G. (1987) Afferent and efferent connections of the A5 noradrenergic cell group in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 261, 529-542.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.261 , pp. 529-542
    • Byrum, C.E.1    Guyenet, P.G.2
  • 47
    • 0028849475 scopus 로고
    • A pharmacological study of the modulation of neuronal and behavioural nociceptive responses in the rat trigeminal region
    • Cahusac, P.M.B., Morris, R., Hill, R.G. (1995) A pharmacological study of the modulation of neuronal and behavioural nociceptive responses in the rat trigeminal region. Brain Res., 700, 70-82.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.700 , pp. 70-82
    • Cahusac, P.M.B.1    Morris, R.2    Hill, R.G.3
  • 48
  • 49
    • 0028985041 scopus 로고
    • The efferent projections of the periaqueductal gray in the rat: A Phaseolus vulgaris- leucoagglutinin study. II Descending projections
    • Cameron, A.A., Khan, I.A., Westlund, K.N., Willis, W.D. (1995) The efferent projections of the periaqueductal gray in the rat: a Phaseolus vulgaris- leucoagglutinin study. II Descending projections. J. Comp. Neurol., 351, 585-601.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.351 , pp. 585-601
    • Cameron, A.A.1    Khan, I.A.2    Westlund, K.N.3    Willis, W.D.4
  • 50
    • 0032053956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential modulation of high-frequency γ- electroencephalogram activity and sleep-wake state by noradrenaline and serotonin microinjections into the region of cholinergic basalis neurons
    • Cape, E.G., Jones, B.E. (1998) Differential modulation of high-frequency γ- electroencephalogram activity and sleep-wake state by noradrenaline and serotonin microinjections into the region of cholinergic basalis neurons. J. Neurosci., 18, 2653-2666.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 2653-2666
    • Cape, E.G.1    Jones, B.E.2
  • 51
    • 0026490973 scopus 로고
    • The pharmaco-ontogeny of the perifornical lateral hypothalamic beta 2-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptor systems mediating epinephrine- and dopamine-induced suppression of feeding in the rat
    • Capuano, C.A., Leibowitz, S.F., Barr, G.A. (1992) The pharmaco-ontogeny of the perifornical lateral hypothalamic beta 2-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptor systems mediating epinephrine- and dopamine-induced suppression of feeding in the rat. Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res., 70, 1-7.
    • (1992) Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res , vol.70 , pp. 1-7
    • Capuano, C.A.1    Leibowitz, S.F.2    Barr, G.A.3
  • 52
    • 0026739629 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemistry of oculomotor afferents in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)
    • Carpenter, M.B., Periera, A.B., Guha, N. (1992) Immunocytochemistry of oculomotor afferents in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). J. Hirnforsch., 33, 151-167.
    • (1992) J. Hirnforsch , vol.33 , pp. 151-167
    • Carpenter, M.B.1    Periera, A.B.2    Guha, N.3
  • 53
    • 0021083421 scopus 로고
    • Direct pathway from cardiovascular neurons in the ventrolateral medulla to the region of the intermediolateral nucleus of the upper thoracic cord: An anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the cat
    • Caversou, M.M., Ciriello, J., Calaresu, F.R. (1983) Direct pathway from cardiovascular neurons in the ventrolateral medulla to the region of the intermediolateral nucleus of the upper thoracic cord: an anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the cat. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 9, 451-475.
    • (1983) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.9 , pp. 451-475
    • Caversou, M.M.1    Ciriello, J.2    Calaresu, F.R.3
  • 54
    • 0018097341 scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus as determined by a retrograde tracing technique
    • Cedarbaum, J.M., Aghajanian, G.K. (1978) Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus as determined by a retrograde tracing technique. J. Comp. Neurol., 178, 1-16.
    • (1978) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.178 , pp. 1-16
    • Cedarbaum, J.M.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 55
    • 0031844353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurobiological basis of anxiety and fear: Circuits, mechanisms, and neurochemical interactions (part 1)
    • Charney, D.S., Grillon, C., Bremner, J.D. (1998) The neurobiological basis of anxiety and fear: circuits, mechanisms, and neurochemical interactions (part 1). Neuroscientist, 4, 35-44.
    • (1998) Neuroscientist , vol.4 , pp. 35-44
    • Charney, D.S.1    Grillon, C.2    Bremner, J.D.3
  • 56
    • 0021046275 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological mechanisms in human anxiety
    • Charney, D.S., Redmond, D.E. Jr. (1983) Neurobiological mechanisms in human anxiety. Neuropharmacology, 22, 1531-1536.
    • (1983) Neuropharmacology , vol.22 , pp. 1531-1536
    • Charney, D.S.1    Redmond Jr., D.E.2
  • 58
    • 0036207363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coexistence of neurons integrating urinary bladder activity and pelvic nerve activity in the same cardiovascular areas of the pontomedulla in cats
    • Chen, S.Y., Chai, C.Y. (2002) Coexistence of neurons integrating urinary bladder activity and pelvic nerve activity in the same cardiovascular areas of the pontomedulla in cats. Chin. J. Physiol., 45, 41-50.
    • (2002) Chin. J. Physiol , vol.45 , pp. 41-50
    • Chen, S.Y.1    Chai, C.Y.2
  • 59
    • 33845341118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus activation by foot shock or electrical stimulation inhibits amygdala neurons
    • Chen, F.-J., Sara, S.J. (2007) Locus coeruleus activation by foot shock or electrical stimulation inhibits amygdala neurons. Neuroscience, 144, 472-481.
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.144 , pp. 472-481
    • Chen, F.-J.1    Sara, S.J.2
  • 60
    • 1342304168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity after domoic acid lesion of the nucleus ambiguus of rats
    • Cheng, Z., Zhang, H., Yu, J., Wurster, R.D., Gozal, D. (2004) Attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity after domoic acid lesion of the nucleus ambiguus of rats. J. Appl. Physiol., 96, 1137-1145.
    • (2004) J. Appl. Physiol , vol.96 , pp. 1137-1145
    • Cheng, Z.1    Zhang, H.2    Yu, J.3    Wurster, R.D.4    Gozal, D.5
  • 61
    • 0018835935 scopus 로고
    • Motor and sensory centers for the innervation of mandibular and sublingual salivary glands: A horseradish peroxidase study in the dog
    • Chibuzo, G.A., Cummings, J.F. (1980) Motor and sensory centers for the innervation of mandibular and sublingual salivary glands: a horseradish peroxidase study in the dog. Brain Res., 189, 301-313.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.189 , pp. 301-313
    • Chibuzo, G.A.1    Cummings, J.F.2
  • 63
    • 0026059686 scopus 로고
    • The projection of locus coeruleus neurons to the spinal cord in the rat determined by anterograde tracing combined with immunocytochemistry
    • Clark, F.M., Proudfit, H.K. (1991) The projection of locus coeruleus neurons to the spinal cord in the rat determined by anterograde tracing combined with immunocytochemistry. Brain Res., 538, 231-245.
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.538 , pp. 231-245
    • Clark, F.M.1    Proudfit, H.K.2
  • 64
    • 0025122065 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between norepinephrine and serotonin in the neuroendocrine control of growth hormone release in the rat
    • Conway, S., Richardson, L., Speciale, S., Moherek, R., Mauceri, H., Krulich, L. (1990) Interaction between norepinephrine and serotonin in the neuroendocrine control of growth hormone release in the rat. Endocrinology, 126, 1022-1030.
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.126 , pp. 1022-1030
    • Conway, S.1    Richardson, L.2    Speciale, S.3    Moherek, R.4    Mauceri, H.5    Krulich, L.6
  • 65
    • 0022251714 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic projections to the spinal cord and their role in cardiovascular control
    • Coote, J.H. (1985) Noradrenergic projections to the spinal cord and their role in cardiovascular control. J. Auton Nerv. Syst., 14, 255-262.
    • (1985) J. Auton Nerv. Syst , vol.14 , pp. 255-262
    • Coote, J.H.1
  • 66
    • 33747199907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descriptive and functional neuroanatomy of locus coeruleus-noradrenaline-containing neurons involvement in bradykinin-induced antinociception on principle sensory trigeminal nucleus
    • Couto, L.B., Moroni, C.R., dos Reis Ferreira, C.M., Elias-Filho, D.H., Parada, C.A., Pelá, I.R., Coimbra, N.C. (2006) Descriptive and functional neuroanatomy of locus coeruleus-noradrenaline-containing neurons involvement in bradykinin-induced antinociception on principle sensory trigeminal nucleus. J. Chem. Neuroanat., 32, 28-45.
    • (2006) J. Chem. Neuroanat , vol.32 , pp. 28-45
    • Couto, L.B.1    Moroni, C.R.2    dos Reis Ferreira, C.M.3    Elias-Filho, D.H.4    Parada, C.A.5    Pelá, I.R.6    Coimbra, N.C.7
  • 67
    • 0026729415 scopus 로고
    • Spinal and trigeminal lamina I input to the locus coeruleus anterogradely labeled with Phascolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) in the cat and monkey
    • Craig, A.D. (1992) Spinal and trigeminal lamina I input to the locus coeruleus anterogradely labeled with Phascolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) in the cat and monkey. Brain Res., 584, 325-328.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.584 , pp. 325-328
    • Craig, A.D.1
  • 68
    • 2142708313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic modulation of behavioural states in mesopontine tegmentum: A reverse microdialysis study in freely moving cats
    • Crochet, S., Sakai, K. (2003) Dopaminergic modulation of behavioural states in mesopontine tegmentum: A reverse microdialysis study in freely moving cats. Sleep, 26, 801-806.
    • (2003) Sleep , vol.26 , pp. 801-806
    • Crochet, S.1    Sakai, K.2
  • 69
    • 0028894469 scopus 로고
    • Pattern and time course of immediate early gene expression in rat brain following acute stress
    • Cullinan, W.E., Herman, J.P., Battaglia, D.F., Akil, H., Watson, S.J. (1995) Pattern and time course of immediate early gene expression in rat brain following acute stress. Neuroscience, 64, 477-505.
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.64 , pp. 477-505
    • Cullinan, W.E.1    Herman, J.P.2    Battaglia, D.F.3    Akil, H.4    Watson, S.J.5
  • 70
    • 0001989283 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of monoamine- containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurons
    • Dahlström, A., Fuxe, K. (1964) Evidence for the existence of monoamine- containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurons. Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl., 232, 1-55.
    • (1964) Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl , vol.232 , pp. 1-55
    • Dahlström, A.1    Fuxe, K.2
  • 71
    • 0032079105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion in the perspective of an integrated nervous system
    • Damasio, A.R. (1998) Emotion in the perspective of an integrated nervous system. Brain Res. Rev., 26, 83-86.
    • (1998) Brain Res. Rev , vol.26 , pp. 83-86
    • Damasio, A.R.1
  • 72
    • 0028258843 scopus 로고
    • Functional organization of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system
    • Dampney, R.A.L. (1994) Functional organization of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system. Physiol. Rev., 74, 332-364.
    • (1994) Physiol. Rev , vol.74 , pp. 332-364
    • Dampney, R.A.L.1
  • 73
    • 0024330226 scopus 로고
    • The effect of microinjections of clonidine into the locus coeruleus on cortical EEG in rats
    • Danysz, W., Dyr, W., Plaznik, A., Kostowski, W. (1989) The effect of microinjections of clonidine into the locus coeruleus on cortical EEG in rats. Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm., 41, 45-50.
    • (1989) Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm , vol.41 , pp. 45-50
    • Danysz, W.1    Dyr, W.2    Plaznik, A.3    Kostowski, W.4
  • 76
    • 2642582531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of 5HT-1A, α1b adrenergic, CRF-R1, and CRF-R2 receptor mRNA in scrotonergic, γ- aminobutyric acidergic, and catecholaminergic cells of the rat dorsal raphe nucleus
    • Day, H.E.W., Greenwood, B.N., Hammack, S.E., Watkins, L.R., Fleshner, M., Maier, S.F., Campeau, S. (2004) Differential expression of 5HT-1A, α1b adrenergic, CRF-R1, and CRF-R2 receptor mRNA in scrotonergic, γ- aminobutyric acidergic, and catecholaminergic cells of the rat dorsal raphe nucleus. J. Comp. Neural., 474, 364-378.
    • (2004) J. Comp. Neural , vol.474 , pp. 364-378
    • Day, H.E.W.1    Greenwood, B.N.2    Hammack, S.E.3    Watkins, L.R.4    Fleshner, M.5    Maier, S.F.6    Campeau, S.7
  • 77
    • 0024433144 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a widespread dopaminergic innervation of the human cerebral neocortex
    • De Keyser, J., Ebinger, G., Vauquelin, G. (1989) Evidence for a widespread dopaminergic innervation of the human cerebral neocortex. Neurosci. Lett., 104, 281-285
    • (1989) Neurosci. Lett , vol.104 , pp. 281-285
    • De Keyser, J.1    Ebinger, G.2    Vauquelin, G.3
  • 79
    • 0022626585 scopus 로고
    • Activation of the locus coeruleus induced by selective stimulation of the ventral tegmental area
    • Deutch, A.Y., Goldstein, M., Roth, R.H. (1986) Activation of the locus coeruleus induced by selective stimulation of the ventral tegmental area. Brain Res., 363, 307-314.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.363 , pp. 307-314
    • Deutch, A.Y.1    Goldstein, M.2    Roth, R.H.3
  • 80
    • 0025731856 scopus 로고
    • Memory retrieval enhancement by locus coerulcus stimulation: Evidence for mediation by beta-receptors
    • Devauges, V., Sara, S.J. (1991) Memory retrieval enhancement by locus coerulcus stimulation: evidence for mediation by beta-receptors, Behav. Brain Res., 43, 93-97.
    • (1991) Behav. Brain Res , vol.43 , pp. 93-97
    • Devauges, V.1    Sara, S.J.2
  • 81
    • 0030612234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1A adrenergic receptor mRNA in the rat brain visualized by in situ hybridization. J. Comp. Neurol., 386, 358-378.
    • 1A adrenergic receptor mRNA in the rat brain visualized by in situ hybridization. J. Comp. Neurol., 386, 358-378.
  • 82
    • 0021800456 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral and central mechanisms of the pressor response elicited by stimulation of the locus coeruleus in the rat
    • Drolet, G., Gauthier, P. (1985) Peripheral and central mechanisms of the pressor response elicited by stimulation of the locus coeruleus in the rat. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 63, 599-605.
    • (1985) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol , vol.63 , pp. 599-605
    • Drolet, G.1    Gauthier, P.2
  • 83
    • 0026661366 scopus 로고
    • Robust enkephalin innervation of the locus coeruleus from the rostral medulla
    • Drolet, G., Van Bockstaele, E.J., Aston-Jones, G. (1992) Robust enkephalin innervation of the locus coeruleus from the rostral medulla. J. Neurosci., 12, 3162-3174.
    • (1992) J. Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 3162-3174
    • Drolet, G.1    Van Bockstaele, E.J.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 84
    • 0029931183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenalin enhances the activity of cochlear nucleus neurons in the rat
    • Ebert, U. (1996) Noradrenalin enhances the activity of cochlear nucleus neurons in the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci., 8, 1306-1314.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 1306-1314
    • Ebert, U.1
  • 85
    • 0020974273 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline- mediated synaptic inhibition in rat locus coeruleus neurones
    • Egan, T.M., Henderson, G., North, R.A., Williams, J.T. (1983) Noradrenaline- mediated synaptic inhibition in rat locus coeruleus neurones. J. Physiol., 345, 477-488.
    • (1983) J. Physiol , vol.345 , pp. 477-488
    • Egan, T.M.1    Henderson, G.2    North, R.A.3    Williams, J.T.4
  • 86
    • 0021891098 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine acts on m2-muscarinic receptors to excite rat locus coeruleus neurones
    • Egan, T.M., North, R.A. (1985) Acetylcholine acts on m2-muscarinic receptors to excite rat locus coeruleus neurones. Br. J. Pharmacol., 85, 733-735.
    • (1985) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.85 , pp. 733-735
    • Egan, T.M.1    North, R.A.2
  • 88
    • 0029780058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists for regional anesthesia. A clinical review of clonidine (198401995)
    • Eisenach, J.C., De Kock, M., Klimscha, W. (1996) Alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists for regional anesthesia. A clinical review of clonidine (198401995). Anesthesiology, 85, 655-674.
    • (1996) Anesthesiology , vol.85 , pp. 655-674
    • Eisenach, J.C.1    De Kock, M.2    Klimscha, W.3
  • 89
    • 0024385756 scopus 로고
    • Unitary characteristics of presumptive cholinergic tegmental neurons during the sleep-waking cycle in freely moving cats
    • el Mansari, M., Sakai, K., Jouvet, M. (1989) Unitary characteristics of presumptive cholinergic tegmental neurons during the sleep-waking cycle in freely moving cats. Exp. Brain Res., 76, 519-529.
    • (1989) Exp. Brain Res , vol.76 , pp. 519-529
    • el Mansari, M.1    Sakai, K.2    Jouvet, M.3
  • 90
    • 0019180666 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological analysis of a cholinergic receptor mediated regulation of brain norepinephrine neurons
    • Engberg, G., Svensson, T.H. (1980) Pharmacological analysis of a cholinergic receptor mediated regulation of brain norepinephrine neurons. J. Neural Transm., 49, 137-150.
    • (1980) J. Neural Transm , vol.49 , pp. 137-150
    • Engberg, G.1    Svensson, T.H.2
  • 91
    • 0022999374 scopus 로고
    • A potent excitatory input to the nucleus locus coeraleus from the ventrolateral medulla
    • Ennis, M., Aston-Jones, G. (1986) A potent excitatory input to the nucleus locus coeraleus from the ventrolateral medulla. Neurosci. Lett., 71, 299-305.
    • (1986) Neurosci. Lett , vol.71 , pp. 299-305
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 92
    • 0023742981 scopus 로고
    • Activation of locus coeruleus from nucleus paragigantocellularis: A new excitatory amino acid pathway in brain
    • Ennis, M., Aston-Jones, G. (1988) Activation of locus coeruleus from nucleus paragigantocellularis: a new excitatory amino acid pathway in brain. J. Neurosci., 8, 3644-3657.
    • (1988) J. Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 3644-3657
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 93
    • 0024384877 scopus 로고
    • GABA-mediated inhibition of locus coeruleus from the dorsomedial rostral medulla
    • Ennis, M., Aston-Jones, G. (1989) GABA-mediated inhibition of locus coeruleus from the dorsomedial rostral medulla. J. Neurosci., 9, 2973-2981.
    • (1989) J. Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 2973-2981
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 94
    • 0024369503 scopus 로고
    • Potent inhibitory input to locus coeruleus from the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi
    • Ennis, M., Aston-Jones, G. (1989) Potent inhibitory input to locus coeruleus from the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi. Brain Res. Bull., 22, 793-803.
    • (1989) Brain Res. Bull , vol.22 , pp. 793-803
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 95
    • 0024542910 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem afferents to the Tuberomammillary nucleus in the rat brain with special reference to monoaminergic innervation
    • Ericson, H., Blomqvist, A., Kohler, C. (1989) Brainstem afferents to the Tuberomammillary nucleus in the rat brain with special reference to monoaminergic innervation. J. Comp. Neurol., 281, 169-192.
    • (1989) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.281 , pp. 169-192
    • Ericson, H.1    Blomqvist, A.2    Kohler, C.3
  • 96
    • 33645984253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organisation of noradrenergic efferents to arousal-related basal forebrain structures
    • España, R.A., Berridge, C.W. (2006) Organisation of noradrenergic efferents to arousal-related basal forebrain structures. J. Comp. Neurol., 496, 668-683.
    • (2006) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.496 , pp. 668-683
    • España, R.A.1    Berridge, C.W.2
  • 97
    • 9744244873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of hypocretin/orexin efferents to locus coeruleus and basal forebrain arousal-related structures
    • España, R.A., Reis, K.M., Valentino, R.J., Berridge, C.W. (2005) Organization of hypocretin/orexin efferents to locus coeruleus and basal forebrain arousal-related structures. J. Comp. Neurol., 481, 160-178.
    • (2005) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.481 , pp. 160-178
    • España, R.A.1    Reis, K.M.2    Valentino, R.J.3    Berridge, C.W.4
  • 98
    • 0018189917 scopus 로고
    • Amygdala, suprarhinal cortex and entorhinal cortex
    • Catecholamine innervation of the basal forebrain. II
    • Fallon, J.H., Koziell, D.A., Moore, R.Y. (1978) Catecholamine innervation of the basal forebrain. II. Amygdala, suprarhinal cortex and entorhinal cortex. J. Comp. Neurol., 180, 509-532.
    • (1978) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.180 , pp. 509-532
    • Fallon, J.H.1    Koziell, D.A.2    Moore, R.Y.3
  • 99
    • 21344432836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of neurotransmitter release in the locus coeruleus of freely moving awake rats by in vivo microdialysis
    • Fernändez-Pastor, B., Mateo, Y., Gómez-Urquijo, S., Meana, J.J. (2005) Characterization of neurotransmitter release in the locus coeruleus of freely moving awake rats by in vivo microdialysis. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 180, 570-579.
    • (2005) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.180 , pp. 570-579
    • Fernändez-Pastor, B.1    Mateo, Y.2    Gómez-Urquijo, S.3    Meana, J.J.4
  • 100
    • 0033564774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basolateral amygdala noradrenergic influences on memory storage are mediated by an interaction between β- and α1-adrenoceptors
    • Ferry, B., Roozendaal, B., McGaugh, J.L. (1999) Basolateral amygdala noradrenergic influences on memory storage are mediated by an interaction between β- and α1-adrenoceptors. J. Neurosci., 19, 5119-5123.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 5119-5123
    • Ferry, B.1    Roozendaal, B.2    McGaugh, J.L.3
  • 101
    • 0032588224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of α1- adrenoceptors in the basolateral amygdala in modulation of memory storage
    • Ferry, B., Roozendaal, B., McGaugh, J.L. (1999) Involvement of α1- adrenoceptors in the basolateral amygdala in modulation of memory storage. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 372, 9-16.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.372 , pp. 9-16
    • Ferry, B.1    Roozendaal, B.2    McGaugh, J.L.3
  • 102
    • 0001887273 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and physiology of central noradrenergic systems
    • Bloom, F.E, Kupfer, D.J. Eds, New York, Raven Press. pp
    • Foote, S.L., Aston-Jones, G.S. (1995) Pharmacology and physiology of central noradrenergic systems. In: Bloom, F.E., Kupfer, D.J. Eds, Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress. New York, Raven Press. pp. 335-345.
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress , pp. 335-345
    • Foote, S.L.1    Aston-Jones, G.S.2
  • 103
    • 0040540687 scopus 로고
    • Impulse activity of locus coeruleus neurons in awake rats and monkeys is a function of sensory stimulation and arousal
    • Foote, S.L., Aston-Jones, G., Bloom, F.E. (1980) Impulse activity of locus coeruleus neurons in awake rats and monkeys is a function of sensory stimulation and arousal. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 3033-3037.
    • (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.77 , pp. 3033-3037
    • Foote, S.L.1    Aston-Jones, G.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 104
    • 0025789567 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of the locus coeruleus in alerting, orienting, and attending
    • Foote, S.L., Berridge, C.W., Adams, L.M., Pineda, J.A. (1991) Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of the locus coeruleus in alerting, orienting, and attending. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 521-532.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 521-532
    • Foote, S.L.1    Berridge, C.W.2    Adams, L.M.3    Pineda, J.A.4
  • 105
    • 0020555603 scopus 로고
    • Nucleus locus coeruleus: New evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity
    • Foote, S.L., Bloom, F.E., Aston-Jones, G. (1983) Nucleus locus coeruleus: new evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity. Physiol. Rev., 63, 844-914.
    • (1983) Physiol. Rev , vol.63 , pp. 844-914
    • Foote, S.L.1    Bloom, F.E.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 106
    • 0029017563 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons demonstrated by in vitro pharmacological and immunohistochemical evidence in the guinea-pig brain
    • Fort, P., Khateb, A., Pegna, A., Mühlethaler, M., Jones, B.E. (1995) Noradrenergic modulation of cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons demonstrated by in vitro pharmacological and immunohistochemical evidence in the guinea-pig brain. Eur. J. Neurosci., 7, 1502-1511.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 1502-1511
    • Fort, P.1    Khateb, A.2    Pegna, A.3    Mühlethaler, M.4    Jones, B.E.5
  • 107
    • 0025008957 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of two separate descending noradrenergic pathways to the rat spinal cord: Evidence for an intragriseal trajectory of locus coeruleus axons in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn
    • Fritschy, J.M., Grzanna, R. (1990) Demonstration of two separate descending noradrenergic pathways to the rat spinal cord: Evidence for an intragriseal trajectory of locus coeruleus axons in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn. J. Comp. Neurol., 291, 553-582.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.291 , pp. 553-582
    • Fritschy, J.M.1    Grzanna, R.2
  • 109
    • 0024450527 scopus 로고
    • Canine narcolepsy is associated with an elevated number of alpha 2-receptors in the locus coeruleus
    • Fruhstorfer, B., Mignot, E., Bowersox, S., Nishino, S., Dement, W.C., Guilleminault, C. (1989) Canine narcolepsy is associated with an elevated number of alpha 2-receptors in the locus coeruleus. Brain Res., 500, 209-214.
    • (1989) Brain Res , vol.500 , pp. 209-214
    • Fruhstorfer, B.1    Mignot, E.2    Bowersox, S.3    Nishino, S.4    Dement, W.C.5    Guilleminault, C.6
  • 110
    • 0033532026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of nicotine-induced hippocampal norepinephrine release in rats by alpha- conotoxins MII and AuIB microinjected into the locus coeruleus
    • Fu, Y., Matta, S.G., McIntosh, J.M., Sharp, B.M. (1999) Inhibition of nicotine-induced hippocampal norepinephrine release in rats by alpha- conotoxins MII and AuIB microinjected into the locus coeruleus. Neurosci. Lett., 266, 113-116.
    • (1999) Neurosci. Lett , vol.266 , pp. 113-116
    • Fu, Y.1    Matta, S.G.2    McIntosh, J.M.3    Sharp, B.M.4
  • 111
    • 12544259473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biophysical and morphological properties of parasympathetic neurons controlling the parotid and von Ebner salivary glands in rats
    • Fukami, H., Bradley, R.M. (2005) Biophysical and morphological properties of parasympathetic neurons controlling the parotid and von Ebner salivary glands in rats. J. Neurophysiol., 93, 678-686.
    • (2005) J. Neurophysiol , vol.93 , pp. 678-686
    • Fukami, H.1    Bradley, R.M.2
  • 112
    • 0023546499 scopus 로고
    • The effects of noradrenaline on neurones in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, in vitro
    • Fukuda, A., Minami, T., Nabekura, J., Oomura, Y. (1987) The effects of noradrenaline on neurones in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, in vitro. J. Physiol., 393, 213-231.
    • (1987) J. Physiol , vol.393 , pp. 213-231
    • Fukuda, A.1    Minami, T.2    Nabekura, J.3    Oomura, Y.4
  • 113
    • 0033555286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmitters involved in antinociception in the spinal cord
    • Furst, S. (1999) Transmitters involved in antinociception in the spinal cord. Brain Res. Bull., 48, 129-141.
    • (1999) Brain Res. Bull , vol.48 , pp. 129-141
    • Furst, S.1
  • 115
    • 0017684711 scopus 로고
    • The projection of the locus coeruleus upon the neocortex in the macaque monkey
    • Gatter, K.C., Powell, T.P.S. (1977) The projection of the locus coeruleus upon the neocortex in the macaque monkey. Neuroscience, 2, 441-445.
    • (1977) Neuroscience , vol.2 , pp. 441-445
    • Gatter, K.C.1    Powell, T.P.S.2
  • 116
    • 0031878695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological evidence that noradrenergic neurons of the rat locus coeruleus are tonically inhibited by GABA during sleep
    • Gervasoni, D., Darracq, L., Fort, P., Soulièe, F., Chouvet, G., Luppi, P.-H. (1998) Electrophysiological evidence that noradrenergic neurons of the rat locus coeruleus are tonically inhibited by GABA during sleep. Eur. J. Neurosci., 10, 964-970.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 964-970
    • Gervasoni, D.1    Darracq, L.2    Fort, P.3    Soulièe, F.4    Chouvet, G.5    Luppi, P.-H.6
  • 117
    • 0037114071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-2A-adrenergic receptors are present on neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala that project to the dorsal vagal complex in the rat
    • Glass, M.J., Colago, E.E.O., Pickel, V.M. (2002) Alpha-2A-adrenergic receptors are present on neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala that project to the dorsal vagal complex in the rat. Synapse, 46, 258-268.
    • (2002) Synapse , vol.46 , pp. 258-268
    • Glass, M.J.1    Colago, E.E.O.2    Pickel, V.M.3
  • 119
    • 0028844762 scopus 로고
    • C-Fos expression in brain in response to hypotension and hypertension in conscious rats
    • Graham, J.C., Hoffman, G.E., Sved, A.F. (1995) C-Fos expression in brain in response to hypotension and hypertension in conscious rats. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 55, 92-104.
    • (1995) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.55 , pp. 92-104
    • Graham, J.C.1    Hoffman, G.E.2    Sved, A.F.3
  • 120
    • 0024161553 scopus 로고
    • Responses of primate locus coeruleus neurons to simple and complex sensory stimuli
    • Grant, S.J., Aston-Jones, G., Redmond, D.E. Jr. (1988) Responses of primate locus coeruleus neurons to simple and complex sensory stimuli. Brain Res. Bull., 21, 401-410.
    • (1988) Brain Res. Bull , vol.21 , pp. 401-410
    • Grant, S.J.1    Aston-Jones, G.2    Redmond Jr., D.E.3
  • 121
    • 0032562279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α2-adrenoceptor antagonists enhance responses of dorsal horn neurones to formalin induced inflammation
    • Green, G.M., Lyons, L., Dickenson, A.H. (1998) α2-adrenoceptor antagonists enhance responses of dorsal horn neurones to formalin induced inflammation. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 347, 201-204.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.347 , pp. 201-204
    • Green, G.M.1    Lyons, L.2    Dickenson, A.H.3
  • 122
    • 0027418083 scopus 로고
    • Codistribution of GABA-with acetylcholine-synthesizing neurons in the basal forebrain of the rat
    • Gritti, I., Maiville, L., Jones, B.E. (1993) Codistribution of GABA-with acetylcholine-synthesizing neurons in the basal forebrain of the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 329, 438-457.
    • (1993) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.329 , pp. 438-457
    • Gritti, I.1    Maiville, L.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 123
    • 0018855064 scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus in the rat: An immunohistochemical delineation
    • Grzanna, R., Molliver, M.E. (1980) The locus coeruleus in the rat: an immunohistochemical delineation. Neuroscience, 5, 21-40.
    • (1980) Neuroscience , vol.5 , pp. 21-40
    • Grzanna, R.1    Molliver, M.E.2
  • 124
    • 0021322088 scopus 로고
    • An investigation into the mechanism of cardiovascular responses elicited by electrical stimulation of locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus in the cat
    • Gurtu, S., Pant, K.K., Sinha, J.N., Bhargava, K.P. (1984) An investigation into the mechanism of cardiovascular responses elicited by electrical stimulation of locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus in the cat. Brain Res., 301, 59-64.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.301 , pp. 59-64
    • Gurtu, S.1    Pant, K.K.2    Sinha, J.N.3    Bhargava, K.P.4
  • 125
    • 0002292975 scopus 로고
    • Role of the ventral medulla oblongata in blood pressure regulation
    • Loewy, A.D, Spyer, K.M. Eds, New York, Oxford University Press. pp
    • Guyernet, P.G. (1990) Role of the ventral medulla oblongata in blood pressure regulation. In: Loewy, A.D., Spyer, K.M. Eds, Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions. New York, Oxford University Press. pp. 145-167.
    • (1990) Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions , pp. 145-167
    • Guyernet, P.G.1
  • 126
    • 0025723467 scopus 로고
    • Central noradrenergic neurons: The autonomic connection
    • Guyenet, P.G. (1991) Central noradrenergic neurons: the autonomic connection. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 365-380.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 365-380
    • Guyenet, P.G.1
  • 127
    • 0028181553 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 2A-adrenergic receptors are present in lower brainstem catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons innervating spinal cord
    • Guyenet, P.G., Stometta, R.L., Riley, T., Norton, F.R., Rosin, D.L., Lynch, K.R. (1994) Alpha 2A-adrenergic receptors are present in lower brainstem catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons innervating spinal cord. Brain Res., 638, 285-294.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.638 , pp. 285-294
    • Guyenet, P.G.1    Stometta, R.L.2    Riley, T.3    Norton, F.R.4    Rosin, D.L.5    Lynch, K.R.6
  • 128
    • 0023143488 scopus 로고
    • Projections of nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis to locus coeruleus and other structures in rat
    • Guyenet, P.G., Young, B.S. (1987) Projections of nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis to locus coeruleus and other structures in rat. Brain Res., 406, 171-184.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.406 , pp. 171-184
    • Guyenet, P.G.1    Young, B.S.2
  • 129
    • 0037315955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of histamine and the tubero-mamillary nucleus in the nervous system
    • Haas, H., Panula, P. (2003), The role of histamine and the tubero-mamillary nucleus in the nervous system. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 4, 121-130.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 121-130
    • Haas, H.1    Panula, P.2
  • 131
    • 0017151961 scopus 로고
    • Spinal projections from the nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus subcoeruleus in the cat and monkey as demonstrated by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase
    • Hancock, M.B., Fougerousse, C.L. (1976) Spinal projections from the nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus subcoeruleus in the cat and monkey as demonstrated by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res. Bull., 1, 229-234.
    • (1976) Brain Res. Bull , vol.1 , pp. 229-234
    • Hancock, M.B.1    Fougerousse, C.L.2
  • 132
    • 0031593635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between imidazoline and α 2-adrenoceptors involved in the sympatho-inhibitory actions of centrally acting antihypertensive agents
    • Head, G.A., Chan, C.K.S., Burke, S.L. (1998) Relationship between imidazoline and α 2-adrenoceptors involved in the sympatho-inhibitory actions of centrally acting antihypertensive agents. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 72, 163-169.
    • (1998) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.72 , pp. 163-169
    • Head, G.A.1    Chan, C.K.S.2    Burke, S.L.3
  • 133
    • 0028951851 scopus 로고
    • Receptor binding and functional evidence suggest that postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors in rat brain are of the alpha 2D subtype
    • Heal, D.J., Cheetham, S.C., Butler, S.A., Gosden, J., Prow, M.R., Buckett, W.R. (1995) Receptor binding and functional evidence suggest that postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors in rat brain are of the alpha 2D subtype. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 277, 215-221.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.277 , pp. 215-221
    • Heal, D.J.1    Cheetham, S.C.2    Butler, S.A.3    Gosden, J.4    Prow, M.R.5    Buckett, W.R.6
  • 135
    • 33749451451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal patterns of serotonin release in the rat's lumbar spinal cord following electrical stimulation of the nucleus raphe magnus
    • Hentall, I.D., Pinzen, A., Noga, B.R. (2006) Spatial and temporal patterns of serotonin release in the rat's lumbar spinal cord following electrical stimulation of the nucleus raphe magnus. Neuroscience, 142, 893-903.
    • (2006) Neuroscience , vol.142 , pp. 893-903
    • Hentall, I.D.1    Pinzen, A.2    Noga, B.R.3
  • 136
    • 0030835909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the rat nuclei raphe magnus, raphe pallidus and reticularis gigantocellularis pars α demonstrated by iontophoretic application of choleratoxin (subunit b)
    • Hermann, D.M., Luppi, P.-H., Peyron, C., Hinckel, P., Jouvet, M. (1997) Afferent projections to the rat nuclei raphe magnus, raphe pallidus and reticularis gigantocellularis pars α demonstrated by iontophoretic application of choleratoxin (subunit b). J. Chem. Neuroanat., 13, 1-21.
    • (1997) J. Chem. Neuroanat , vol.13 , pp. 1-21
    • Hermann, D.M.1    Luppi, P.-H.2    Peyron, C.3    Hinckel, P.4    Jouvet, M.5
  • 137
    • 0023255852 scopus 로고
    • Some anatomical observations on the projections from the hypothalamus to brainstem and spinal cord: An HRP and autoradiographic tracing study in the cat
    • Holstege, G. (1987) Some anatomical observations on the projections from the hypothalamus to brainstem and spinal cord: an HRP and autoradiographic tracing study in the cat. J. Comp. Neurol., 260, 98-126.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.260 , pp. 98-126
    • Holstege, G.1
  • 139
    • 26944450025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does modafinil activate the locus coeruleus in man? Comparison of modafinil and clonidine on arousal and autonomic functions in human volunteers
    • Hou, R.H., Freeman, C., Langley, R.W., Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (2005) Does modafinil activate the locus coeruleus in man? Comparison of modafinil and clonidine on arousal and autonomic functions in human volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 181, 537-549.
    • (2005) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.181 , pp. 537-549
    • Hou, R.H.1    Freeman, C.2    Langley, R.W.3    Szabadi, E.4    Bradshaw, C.M.5
  • 140
    • 0037063695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostaining of cholinergic pontomesencephalic neurons for α1 versus α2 adrenergic receptors suggests different sleep-wake state activities and roles
    • Hou, Y.P., Manns, I.D Jones B.E. (2002) Immunostaining of cholinergic pontomesencephalic neurons for α1 versus α2 adrenergic receptors suggests different sleep-wake state activities and roles. Neuroscience, 114, 517-521.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.114 , pp. 517-521
    • Hou, Y.P.1    Manns, I.D.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 141
    • 0028130365 scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic innervation of dopamine neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of the rat
    • Hrabovszky, E., Liposits, Z. (1994) Adrenergic innervation of dopamine neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of the rat. Neurosci. Lett., 182, 143-146.
    • (1994) Neurosci. Lett , vol.182 , pp. 143-146
    • Hrabovszky, E.1    Liposits, Z.2
  • 143
    • 0026559837 scopus 로고
    • 3H]-RX821002: A highly selective ligand for the identification of alpha2-adrenoreceptors in the rat brain
    • Hudson, A.L., Mallard, N.J., Tyacke, R., Nutt, D.J. (1992) [3H]-RX821002: A highly selective ligand for the identification of alpha2-adrenoreceptors in the rat brain. Mol. Neuropharmacol., 1, 219-229.
    • (1992) Mol. Neuropharmacol , vol.1 , pp. 219-229
    • Hudson, A.L.1    Mallard, N.J.2    Tyacke, R.3    Nutt, D.J.4
  • 145
    • 0031898811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic neurotransmission at PVN in locus coeruleus-induced baroreflex suppression in rats
    • Hwang, K.-R., Chan, S.H.H., Chan, J.Y.H. (1998) Noradrenergic neurotransmission at PVN in locus coeruleus-induced baroreflex suppression in rats. Heart Circ. Physiol., 43, H1284-1292.
    • (1998) Heart Circ. Physiol , vol.43
    • Hwang, K.-R.1    Chan, S.H.H.2    Chan, J.Y.H.3
  • 146
    • 0025187471 scopus 로고
    • Blockade of alpha 2-adrenoceptors increases opioid mu-receptor-mediated inhibition of the firing rate of rat locus coeruleus neurones
    • Illes, P., Norenberg, W. (1990) Blockade of alpha 2-adrenoceptors increases opioid mu-receptor-mediated inhibition of the firing rate of rat locus coeruleus neurones. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol., 342, 490-496.
    • (1990) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol , vol.342 , pp. 490-496
    • Illes, P.1    Norenberg, W.2
  • 147
    • 0017324954 scopus 로고
    • Morphological organization of catecholamine terminals in the diencephalons of the rhesus monkey
    • Ishikawa., M., Tanaka, C. (1977) Morphological organization of catecholamine terminals in the diencephalons of the rhesus monkey. Brain Res., 119, 43-55.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.119 , pp. 43-55
    • Ishikawa, M.1    Tanaka, C.2
  • 148
    • 0029564428 scopus 로고
    • Extranuclear dendrites of locus coeruleus neurons: Activation by glutamate and modulation of activity by alpha adrenoceptors
    • Ivanov, A., Aston-Jones, G. (1995) Extranuclear dendrites of locus coeruleus neurons: activation by glutamate and modulation of activity by alpha adrenoceptors. J. Neurophysiol., 74, 2427-2436.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol , vol.74 , pp. 2427-2436
    • Ivanov, A.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 149
    • 0027214011 scopus 로고
    • Histamine immunoreactive neurons in the brain stem of the rabbit
    • Iwase, M., Homma, I., Shioda, S., Nakai, Y. (1993) Histamine immunoreactive neurons in the brain stem of the rabbit. Brain Res. Bull., 32, 267-272.
    • (1993) Brain Res. Bull , vol.32 , pp. 267-272
    • Iwase, M.1    Homma, I.2    Shioda, S.3    Nakai, Y.4
  • 150
    • 0036824699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of medullary serotonergic neurons in freely moving animals
    • Jacobs, B.L., Martin-Cora, F.J., Fornal, C.A. (2002) Activity of medullary serotonergic neurons in freely moving animals. Brain Res. Rev., 40, 45-52.
    • (2002) Brain Res. Rev , vol.40 , pp. 45-52
    • Jacobs, B.L.1    Martin-Cora, F.J.2    Fornal, C.A.3
  • 151
    • 0026586187 scopus 로고
    • CNS cell groups projecting to the submandibular parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: A retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study
    • Jansen, A.S., Ter Horst, G.J., Mettenleiter, T.C., Loewy, A.D. (1992) CNS cell groups projecting to the submandibular parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study. Brain Res., 572, 253-260.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.572 , pp. 253-260
    • Jansen, A.S.1    Ter Horst, G.J.2    Mettenleiter, T.C.3    Loewy, A.D.4
  • 153
    • 0030798727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of locus coerulcus by prefrontal cortex is mediated by excitatory amino acid inputs
    • Jodo, E., Aston-Jones, G. (1997) Activation of locus coerulcus by prefrontal cortex is mediated by excitatory amino acid inputs. Brain Res., 768, 327-332.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.768 , pp. 327-332
    • Jodo, E.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 154
    • 0032032326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent excitatory influence of prefrontal cortex activity on noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons
    • Jodo, E., Chiang, C., Aston-Jones, G. (1998) Potent excitatory influence of prefrontal cortex activity on noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Neuroscience, 83, 3-79.
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.83 , pp. 3-79
    • Jodo, E.1    Chiang, C.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 155
    • 0037111262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid circuits originating from the nucleus paragigantocellularis and their potential role in opiate withdrawal
    • Johnson, A.D., Peoples, J., Stornetta, R.L., Van Bockstaele, E.J. (2002) Opioid circuits originating from the nucleus paragigantocellularis and their potential role in opiate withdrawal. Brain Res., 955, 72-84.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.955 , pp. 72-84
    • Johnson, A.D.1    Peoples, J.2    Stornetta, R.L.3    Van Bockstaele, E.J.4
  • 156
    • 0025343860 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical study of choline acetyl-transferase- immunoreactive processes and cells innervating the pontomedullary reticular formation in the rat
    • Jones, B.E. (1990) Immunohistochemical study of choline acetyl-transferase- immunoreactive processes and cells innervating the pontomedullary reticular formation in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 295, 485-514.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.295 , pp. 485-514
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 157
    • 0025753001 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical sleep and its chemical/structural substrates in the brain
    • Jones, B.E. (1991) Paradoxical sleep and its chemical/structural substrates in the brain. Neuroscience, 40, 637-656.
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.40 , pp. 637-656
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 158
    • 0001273241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic mechanisms of sleep-wake state
    • Kryger, M.H, Roth, T, Dement, W.C, Eds, 3rd Ed, Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company. pp
    • Jones, B.E. (2000) Basic mechanisms of sleep-wake state. In: Kryger, M.H., Roth, T., Dement, W.C., Eds, Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine (3rd Ed). Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company. pp. 134-154.
    • (2000) Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine , pp. 134-154
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 159
    • 0344873128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity, modulation and role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervating the cerebral cortex
    • Jones, B.E. (2004) Activity, modulation and role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervating the cerebral cortex. Prog. Brain Res., 145, 157-169.
    • (2004) Prog. Brain Res , vol.145 , pp. 157-169
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 160
    • 27144454353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From waking to sleeping: Neuronal and chemical substrates
    • Jones, B.E. (2005) From waking to sleeping: neuronal and chemical substrates. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 26, 578-586.
    • (2005) Trends Pharmacol. Sci , vol.26 , pp. 578-586
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 161
    • 0017326511 scopus 로고
    • Effects of locus coeruleus lesions upon cerebral monoamine content, sleep-wakefulness states and the response to amphetamine in the cat
    • Jones, B.E., Harper, S.T., Halaris, A.E. (1977) Effects of locus coeruleus lesions upon cerebral monoamine content, sleep-wakefulness states and the response to amphetamine in the cat. Brain Res., 124, 473-496.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.124 , pp. 473-496
    • Jones, B.E.1    Harper, S.T.2    Halaris, A.E.3
  • 162
    • 0026661003 scopus 로고
    • Serotoninergic medullary raphe spinal projection to the lumbar spinal cord in the rat: A retrograde immunohistochemical study
    • Jones, S.L., Light, A.R. (1992) Serotoninergic medullary raphe spinal projection to the lumbar spinal cord in the rat: a retrograde immunohistochemical study. J. Comp. Neurol., 322, 599-610.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.322 , pp. 599-610
    • Jones, S.L.1    Light, A.R.2
  • 163
    • 0017576266 scopus 로고
    • Ascending projections of the locus coeruleus in the rat. II Autoradiographic study
    • Jones, B.E., Moore, R.Y. (1977) Ascending projections of the locus coeruleus in the rat. II Autoradiographic study. Brain Res., 127, 25-53.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.127 , pp. 25-53
    • Jones, B.E.1    Moore, R.Y.2
  • 164
    • 0022407042 scopus 로고
    • The efferent projections from the reticular formation and the locus coerulcus studies by anterograde and retrograde axonal transport in the rat
    • Jones, B.E., Yang, T.-Z. (1985) The efferent projections from the reticular formation and the locus coerulcus studies by anterograde and retrograde axonal transport in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 242, 56-92.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.242 , pp. 56-92
    • Jones, B.E.1    Yang, T.-Z.2
  • 165
    • 0022531583 scopus 로고
    • Sleep disturbance produced by electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus in a human subject
    • Kaitin, K.I., Bliwise, D.L., Gleason, C., Nino-Murcia, G., Dement, W.C., Libet, B. (1986) Sleep disturbance produced by electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus in a human subject. Biol. Psychiatry, 21, 710-716.
    • (1986) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.21 , pp. 710-716
    • Kaitin, K.I.1    Bliwise, D.L.2    Gleason, C.3    Nino-Murcia, G.4    Dement, W.C.5    Libet, B.6
  • 166
    • 33748498897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of sleep
    • Kalia, M. (2006) Neurobiology of sleep. Metab. Clin. Exp., 55 (suppl. 2), S2-S6.
    • (2006) Metab. Clin. Exp , vol.55 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Kalia, M.1
  • 167
    • 0034733977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norepinephrine modulates single hypothalamic arcuate neurons via α1 and β adrenergic receptors
    • Kang, Y.-M., Ouyang, W., Chen, J.-Y., Qiao, J.-T., Dafny, N. (2000) Norepinephrine modulates single hypothalamic arcuate neurons via α1 and β adrenergic receptors. Brain Res., 869, 146-157.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.869 , pp. 146-157
    • Kang, Y.-M.1    Ouyang, W.2    Chen, J.-Y.3    Qiao, J.-T.4    Dafny, N.5
  • 168
    • 0026565232 scopus 로고
    • Ventral medulla stimulation increases blood pressure and spinal cord amino acid release
    • Kapoor, V., Minson, J., Chalmers, J. (1992) Ventral medulla stimulation increases blood pressure and spinal cord amino acid release. Neuroreport, 3, 55-58.
    • (1992) Neuroreport , vol.3 , pp. 55-58
    • Kapoor, V.1    Minson, J.2    Chalmers, J.3
  • 169
    • 0035889623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic neurons in prepositus hypoglossi regulate REM sleep by its action on locus coeruleus in freely moving rats
    • Kaur, S., Saxena, R.N., Mallick, B.N. (2001) GABAergic neurons in prepositus hypoglossi regulate REM sleep by its action on locus coeruleus in freely moving rats. Synapse, 42, 141-150.
    • (2001) Synapse , vol.42 , pp. 141-150
    • Kaur, S.1    Saxena, R.N.2    Mallick, B.N.3
  • 170
    • 0033608745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonic regulation of the activity of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus of the conscious rat studied by dual-probe microdialysis
    • Kawahara, Y., Kawahara, H., Westerink, B.H.C. (1999) Tonic regulation of the activity of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus of the conscious rat studied by dual-probe microdialysis. Brain Res., 823, 42-48.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.823 , pp. 42-48
    • Kawahara, Y.1    Kawahara, H.2    Westerink, B.H.C.3
  • 171
    • 0026500226 scopus 로고
    • Firing of "possibly" cholinergic neurons in the rat laterodorsal tegmental nucleus during sleep and wakefulness
    • Kayama, Y., Ohta, M., Jodo, E. (1992) Firing of "possibly" cholinergic neurons in the rat laterodorsal tegmental nucleus during sleep and wakefulness. Brain Res., 569, 210-220.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.569 , pp. 210-220
    • Kayama, Y.1    Ohta, M.2    Jodo, E.3
  • 172
    • 0017704088 scopus 로고
    • Electrocortical changes induced by the perfusion of noradrenaline, acetylcholine and their antagonists directly into the dorsal raphe nucleus of the cat
    • Key, B.J., Krzywoskinski, L. (1977) Electrocortical changes induced by the perfusion of noradrenaline, acetylcholine and their antagonists directly into the dorsal raphe nucleus of the cat. Br. J. Pharmacol., 61, 297-305.
    • (1977) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.61 , pp. 297-305
    • Key, B.J.1    Krzywoskinski, L.2
  • 173
    • 0035208635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the I1- imidazoline receptors and α2-adrenoceptors in hemodynamic effects of moxonidine administration into the rostroventrolateral medulla
    • Khokhlova, O.N., Murashev, A.N., Medvedev, O.S. (2001) Role of the I1- imidazoline receptors and α2-adrenoceptors in hemodynamic effects of moxonidine administration into the rostroventrolateral medulla. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., 131, 336-339.
    • (2001) Bull. Exp. Biol. Med , vol.131 , pp. 336-339
    • Khokhlova, O.N.1    Murashev, A.N.2    Medvedev, O.S.3
  • 175
    • 1942421171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology of parasympathetic neurons innervating rat lingual salivary glands
    • Kim, M., Chiego, D.J., Bradley, R.M. (2004) Morphology of parasympathetic neurons innervating rat lingual salivary glands. Auton. Neurosci., 111, 27-36.
    • (2004) Auton. Neurosci , vol.111 , pp. 27-36
    • Kim, M.1    Chiego, D.J.2    Bradley, R.M.3
  • 176
    • 5044220679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal connections between subdivisions of the dorsal raphe and the nuclear core of the locus coeruleus in the rat
    • Kim, M.-A., Lee, H.S., Lee, B.Y., Waterhouse, B.D. (2004) Reciprocal connections between subdivisions of the dorsal raphe and the nuclear core of the locus coeruleus in the rat. Brain Res., 1026, 56-67.
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1026 , pp. 56-67
    • Kim, M.-A.1    Lee, H.S.2    Lee, B.Y.3    Waterhouse, B.D.4
  • 177
    • 0033998449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of dopamine-immunoreactive fibers in the rat brainstem
    • Kitahama, K., Nagatsu, I., Geffard, M., Maeda, T. (2000) Distribution of dopamine-immunoreactive fibers in the rat brainstem. J. Chem. Neuroanat., 18, 1-9.
    • (2000) J. Chem. Neuroanat , vol.18 , pp. 1-9
    • Kitahama, K.1    Nagatsu, I.2    Geffard, M.3    Maeda, T.4
  • 178
    • 0035005977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased and decreased muscle tone with orexin (hypocretin) microinjections in the locus coeruleus and pontine inhibitory area
    • Kiyashchenko, L.I., Mileykovskiy, B.Y., Lai, Y.-Y., Siegel, J.M. (2001) Increased and decreased muscle tone with orexin (hypocretin) microinjections in the locus coeruleus and pontine inhibitory area. J. Neurophysiol., 85, 2008-2016.
    • (2001) J. Neurophysiol , vol.85 , pp. 2008-2016
    • Kiyashchenko, L.I.1    Mileykovskiy, B.Y.2    Lai, Y.-Y.3    Siegel, J.M.4
  • 179
    • 18044395712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the neural circuit activated by alarm pheromone perception by c-Fos immunohistochemistry
    • Kiyokawa, Y., Kikusui, T., Takeuchi, Y., Mori, Y. (2005) Mapping the neural circuit activated by alarm pheromone perception by c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Brain Res., 1043, 145-154.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1043 , pp. 145-154
    • Kiyokawa, Y.1    Kikusui, T.2    Takeuchi, Y.3    Mori, Y.4
  • 180
    • 0025830505 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and origin of noradrenergic and serotonergic fibers in the cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus of the rat
    • Klepper, A., Herbert, H. (1991) Distribution and origin of noradrenergic and serotonergic fibers in the cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus of the rat. Brain Res. 557, 190-201.
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.557 , pp. 190-201
    • Klepper, A.1    Herbert, H.2
  • 181
    • 0029094478 scopus 로고
    • Efferent projections of the olivary pretectal nucleus in the albino rat subserving the pupillary light reflex and related reflexes. A light microscopic tracing study
    • Klooster, J., Vrensen, G.F., Muller, L.J., van der Want, J.J. (1995) Efferent projections of the olivary pretectal nucleus in the albino rat subserving the pupillary light reflex and related reflexes. A light microscopic tracing study. Brain Res., 688, 34-46.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.688 , pp. 34-46
    • Klooster, J.1    Vrensen, G.F.2    Muller, L.J.3    van der Want, J.J.4
  • 182
    • 0242643550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wake- related activity of Tubcromammillary neurons in rats
    • Ko, E.M., Estabrooke, I.V., McCarthy, M., Scammell, T.E. (2003) Wake- related activity of Tubcromammillary neurons in rats. Brain Res., 992, 220-226.
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.992 , pp. 220-226
    • Ko, E.M.1    Estabrooke, I.V.2    McCarthy, M.3    Scammell, T.E.4
  • 183
    • 0015983153 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic neurons: Morphine inhibition of spontaneous activity
    • Korf, J., Bunney, B.S., Aghajanian, G.K. (1974) Noradrenergic neurons: morphine inhibition of spontaneous activity. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 25, 165-169.
    • (1974) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 165-169
    • Korf, J.1    Bunney, B.S.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3
  • 184
    • 0021689188 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic alpha 2- and beta-adrenoceptor rhythms are correlated with circadian feeding: Evidence from chronic methamphetamine treatment and withdrawal
    • Krauchi, K., Wirz-Justice, A., Morimasa, T., Willener, R., Feer, H. (1984) Hypothalamic alpha 2- and beta-adrenoceptor rhythms are correlated with circadian feeding: evidence from chronic methamphetamine treatment and withdrawal. Brain Res., 321, 83-90.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.321 , pp. 83-90
    • Krauchi, K.1    Wirz-Justice, A.2    Morimasa, T.3    Willener, R.4    Feer, H.5
  • 185
    • 0017165879 scopus 로고
    • Cochlear nucleus innervation by central norcpinephrine neurons in the rat
    • Kromer, L.F., Moore, R.Y. (1976) Cochlear nucleus innervation by central norcpinephrine neurons in the rat. Brain Res., 118, 531-537.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.118 , pp. 531-537
    • Kromer, L.F.1    Moore, R.Y.2
  • 186
    • 0018922420 scopus 로고
    • Norepinephrine innervation of the cochlear nuclei by locus coeruleus neurons in the rat
    • Kromer, L.F., Moore, R.Y. (1980) Norepinephrine innervation of the cochlear nuclei by locus coeruleus neurons in the rat. Anat. Embryol. (Berl.), 158, 227-244.
    • (1980) Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) , vol.158 , pp. 227-244
    • Kromer, L.F.1    Moore, R.Y.2
  • 188
    • 0026788373 scopus 로고
    • The origin of brainstem noradrenergic and serotonergic projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn in the rat
    • Kwiat, G.C., Basbaum, A.I. (1992) The origin of brainstem noradrenergic and serotonergic projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn in the rat. Somatosens. Mot. Res., 9, 157-173.
    • (1992) Somatosens. Mot. Res , vol.9 , pp. 157-173
    • Kwiat, G.C.1    Basbaum, A.I.2
  • 189
    • 0038512452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-2 adrenoceptor mediating the facilitatory effect of norepinephrine on the glycine response in the spinal dorsal horn neuron of the rat
    • Lang, B., Li, H., Kang, J.-F., Li, Y.-Q. (2003) Alpha-2 adrenoceptor mediating the facilitatory effect of norepinephrine on the glycine response in the spinal dorsal horn neuron of the rat. Life Sci., 73, 893-905.
    • (2003) Life Sci , vol.73 , pp. 893-905
    • Lang, B.1    Li, H.2    Kang, J.-F.3    Li, Y.-Q.4
  • 190
    • 0021925051 scopus 로고
    • Floccular efferents in the rhesus macaque as revealed by autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase
    • Langer, T., Fuchs, A.F., Chubb, M.C., Scudder, C.A., Lisberger, S.G. (1985) Floccular efferents in the rhesus macaque as revealed by autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase. J. Comp. Neurol., 235, 26-37.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.235 , pp. 26-37
    • Langer, T.1    Fuchs, A.F.2    Chubb, M.C.3    Scudder, C.A.4    Lisberger, S.G.5
  • 191
    • 30144446369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of cognitive function in rat medial prefrontal cortex as measured by attentional set shifting capability
    • Lapiz, M.D.S, Morilak, D.A. (2006) Noradrenergic modulation of cognitive function in rat medial prefrontal cortex as measured by attentional set shifting capability. Neuroscience, 137, 1039-1049.
    • (2006) Neuroscience , vol.137 , pp. 1039-1049
    • Lapiz, M.D.S.1    Morilak, D.A.2
  • 192
    • 0032535354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear and the brain: Where have we been, and where are we going?
    • LaDoux, J. (1998) Fear and the brain: where have we been, and where are we going? Biol. Psychiatry, 44, 12291-1238.
    • (1998) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 12291-21238
    • LaDoux, J.1
  • 193
    • 9744252215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrograde double-labeling study of common afferent projections to the dorsal raphe and the nuclear core of the locus coeruleus in the rat
    • Lee, H.S., Kim, M.-A., Waterhouse, B.D. (2005) Retrograde double-labeling study of common afferent projections to the dorsal raphe and the nuclear core of the locus coeruleus in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 481, 179-193.
    • (2005) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.481 , pp. 179-193
    • Lee, H.S.1    Kim, M.-A.2    Waterhouse, B.D.3
  • 194
    • 18044365590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrograde study of projections from the tuberomammillary nucleus to the dorsal raphe and the locus coerulcus in the rat
    • Lee, H.S., Lee, B.Y., Waterhouse, B.D. (2005) Retrograde study of projections from the tuberomammillary nucleus to the dorsal raphe and the locus coerulcus in the rat. Brain Res., 1043, 65-75.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1043 , pp. 65-75
    • Lee, H.S.1    Lee, B.Y.2    Waterhouse, B.D.3
  • 195
    • 26844503393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrograde study of hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) projections to subdivisions of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat
    • Lee, H.S., Park, S.H., Song, W.C., Waterhouse, B.D. (2005) Retrograde study of hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) projections to subdivisions of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat. Brain Res., 1059, 35-45.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1059 , pp. 35-45
    • Lee, H.S.1    Park, S.H.2    Song, W.C.3    Waterhouse, B.D.4
  • 196
    • 0021220789 scopus 로고
    • Localizing spinal-cord- projecting neurons in adult albino rats
    • Leong, S.K., Shieh, J.Y., Wong, W.C. (1984) Localizing spinal-cord- projecting neurons in adult albino rats. J. Comp. Neurol., 228, 1-17.
    • (1984) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.228 , pp. 1-17
    • Leong, S.K.1    Shieh, J.Y.2    Wong, W.C.3
  • 197
    • 0018743309 scopus 로고
    • Origin and organization of brainstem catecholamine innervation in the rat
    • Levitt, P., Moore, R.Y. (1979) Origin and organization of brainstem catecholamine innervation in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 186, 505-528.
    • (1979) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.186 , pp. 505-528
    • Levitt, P.1    Moore, R.Y.2
  • 198
    • 0021276674 scopus 로고
    • Region-specific distribution of catecholamine afferents in primate cerebral cortex: A fluorescence histochemical analysis
    • Levitt, P., Rakic, P., Goldman-Rakic, P. (1984) Region-specific distribution of catecholamine afferents in primate cerebral cortex: a fluorescence histochemical analysis. J. Comp. Neurol., 227, 23-36.
    • (1984) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.227 , pp. 23-36
    • Levitt, P.1    Rakic, P.2    Goldman-Rakic, P.3
  • 199
    • 0025169356 scopus 로고
    • Excitation and inhibition of rat sympathetic preganglionic neurones by catecholamines
    • Lewis, D.I., Coote, J.H. (1990) Excitation and inhibition of rat sympathetic preganglionic neurones by catecholamines. Brain Res., 530, 229-234.
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.530 , pp. 229-234
    • Lewis, D.I.1    Coote, J.H.2
  • 201
    • 0032030835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic nicotinic receptors facilitate monoaminergic transmission
    • Li, X., Rainnie, D.G., McCarley, R.W., Greene, R.W. (1998) Presynaptic nicotinic receptors facilitate monoaminergic transmission. J. Neurosci., 18, 1904-1912.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 1904-1912
    • Li, X.1    Rainnie, D.G.2    McCarley, R.W.3    Greene, R.W.4
  • 202
    • 12144254721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect inhibition by catecholamines of hypocretin/orexin neurons
    • Li, Y., van den Pol, A.N. (2005) Direct and indirect inhibition by catecholamines of hypocretin/orexin neurons. J. Neurosci., 25, 173-183.
    • (2005) J. Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 173-183
    • Li, Y.1    van den Pol, A.N.2
  • 203
    • 0021236513 scopus 로고
    • Ascending noradrenergic projections from the brainstem: Evidence for a major role in the regulation of blood pressure and vasopressin secretion
    • Lightman, S.L., Todd, K., Everitt, B.J. (1984) Ascending noradrenergic projections from the brainstem: evidence for a major role in the regulation of blood pressure and vasopressin secretion. Exp. Brain Res., 55, 145-151.
    • (1984) Exp. Brain Res , vol.55 , pp. 145-151
    • Lightman, S.L.1    Todd, K.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 204
    • 0018144362 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine and noradrenaline neurons projecting to the septal area in the rat
    • Lindvall, O., Stenevi, U. (1978) Dopamine and noradrenaline neurons projecting to the septal area in the rat. Cell Tissue Res., 190, 383-407.
    • (1978) Cell Tissue Res , vol.190 , pp. 383-407
    • Lindvall, O.1    Stenevi, U.2
  • 206
    • 0019517826 scopus 로고
    • Raphe pallidus and raphe obscurus projections to the intermediolateral cell column in die rat
    • Loewy, A.D. (1981) Raphe pallidus and raphe obscurus projections to the intermediolateral cell column in die rat. Brain Res., 222, 129-133.
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.222 , pp. 129-133
    • Loewy, A.D.1
  • 207
    • 0015861579 scopus 로고
    • Pupillodilator pathways in the brain stem of the cat: Anatomical and electrophysiological identification of a central autonomic pathway
    • Loewy, A.D., Araujo, J.C., Kerr, F.W.L. (1973) Pupillodilator pathways in the brain stem of the cat: anatomical and electrophysiological identification of a central autonomic pathway. Brain Res., 60, 65-91.
    • (1973) Brain Res , vol.60 , pp. 65-91
    • Loewy, A.D.1    Araujo, J.C.2    Kerr, F.W.L.3
  • 208
    • 0022446809 scopus 로고
    • Efferent projections of nucleus locus coeruleus: Topographic organization of cells of origin demonstrated by three-dimensional reconstruction
    • Loughlin, S.E., Foote, S.L., Bloom, F.E. (1986) Efferent projections of nucleus locus coeruleus: topographic organization of cells of origin demonstrated by three-dimensional reconstruction. Neuroscience, 18, 291-306.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.18 , pp. 291-306
    • Loughlin, S.E.1    Foote, S.L.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 209
    • 0020416934 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus projections to cortex: Topography, morphology, and collateralization
    • Loughlin, S.E., Foote, S.L., Fallon, J.H. (1982) Locus coeruleus projections to cortex: topography, morphology, and collateralization. Brain Res. Bull., 9, 287-294.
    • (1982) Brain Res. Bull , vol.9 , pp. 287-294
    • Loughlin, S.E.1    Foote, S.L.2    Fallon, J.H.3
  • 210
    • 0022534005 scopus 로고
    • Efferent projections of nucleus locus coeruleus: Morphologic, subpopulations have different efferent targets
    • Loughlin, S.E., Foote, S.L., Grzanna, R. (1986) Efferent projections of nucleus locus coeruleus: morphologic, subpopulations have different efferent targets. Neuroscience, 18, 307-319.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.18 , pp. 307-319
    • Loughlin, S.E.1    Foote, S.L.2    Grzanna, R.3
  • 211
    • 30644460902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of wake-active dopaminergic neurons in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter
    • Lu, J., Jhou, T.C., Saper, C.B. (2006) Identification of wake-active dopaminergic neurons in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter. J. Neurosci., 26, 193-202.
    • (2006) J. Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 193-202
    • Lu, J.1    Jhou, T.C.2    Saper, C.B.3
  • 212
    • 33745278856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A putative flip-flop switch for control of REM sleep
    • Lu, J., Sherman, D., Devor, M., Saper, C.B. (2006) A putative flip-flop switch for control of REM sleep. Nature, 441, 589-594.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 589-594
    • Lu, J.1    Sherman, D.2    Devor, M.3    Saper, C.B.4
  • 213
    • 0021987575 scopus 로고
    • The course of the paraventricular hypothalamic efferents to autonomic structures in medulla and spinal cord
    • Luiten, P.G.M., Ter Horst, G.J., Karst, H., Steffens, A.B. (1985) The course of the paraventricular hypothalamic efferents to autonomic structures in medulla and spinal cord. Brain Res., 329, 374-378.
    • (1985) Brain Res , vol.329 , pp. 374-378
    • Luiten, P.G.M.1    Ter Horst, G.J.2    Karst, H.3    Steffens, A.B.4
  • 214
    • 0028275527 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sympathetic enhancement and inhibition of parasympathetically induced salivary secretion in anaesthetized dogs
    • Lung, M.A. (1994) Mechanisms of sympathetic enhancement and inhibition of parasympathetically induced salivary secretion in anaesthetized dogs. Br. J. Pharmacol., 112, 411-416.
    • (1994) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.112 , pp. 411-416
    • Lung, M.A.1
  • 215
    • 0028983146 scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus demonstrated by retrograde and anterograde tracing with cholera-toxin B subunit and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin
    • Luppi, P.-H., Aston-Jones, G., Akaoka, H., Chouvet, G., Jouvet, M. (1995) Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus demonstrated by retrograde and anterograde tracing with cholera-toxin B subunit and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. Neuroscience, 65, 119-160.
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.65 , pp. 119-160
    • Luppi, P.-H.1    Aston-Jones, G.2    Akaoka, H.3    Chouvet, G.4    Jouvet, M.5
  • 217
    • 0023790032 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic neurons with divergent projections to the motor trigeminal nucleus and the spinal cord: A double retrograde neuronal labeling study
    • Lyons, W.E., Grzanna, R. (1988) Noradrenergic neurons with divergent projections to the motor trigeminal nucleus and the spinal cord: a double retrograde neuronal labeling study. Neuroscience, 26, 681-693.
    • (1988) Neuroscience , vol.26 , pp. 681-693
    • Lyons, W.E.1    Grzanna, R.2
  • 218
    • 0025049531 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of pressor response produced by stimulation of nucleus ambiguus
    • Machado, B.H., Brody, M.J. (1990) Mechanisms of pressor response produced by stimulation of nucleus ambiguus. Am. J. Physiol., 259, R955-R962.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol , vol.259
    • Machado, B.H.1    Brody, M.J.2
  • 219
    • 0028027620 scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic innervation of rat locus coeruleus: A light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study
    • Maeda, T., Kitahama, K., Geffard, M. (1994) Dopaminergic innervation of rat locus coeruleus: a light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study. Microsc. Res. Tech., 29, 211-218.
    • (1994) Microsc. Res. Tech , vol.29 , pp. 211-218
    • Maeda, T.1    Kitahama, K.2    Geffard, M.3
  • 220
    • 27144441406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clonidine in the locus coeruleus on prefrontal-and hippocampal-dependent measures of attention and memory in the rat
    • Mair, R.D., Zhang, Y., Bailey, K.R., Toupin, M.M., Mair, R.G. (2005) Effects of clonidine in the locus coeruleus on prefrontal-and hippocampal-dependent measures of attention and memory in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 181, 280-288.
    • (2005) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.181 , pp. 280-288
    • Mair, R.D.1    Zhang, Y.2    Bailey, K.R.3    Toupin, M.M.4    Mair, R.G.5
  • 221
    • 0034671403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discharge profiles of juxtacellularly labelled and immunohistochemically identified GABAergic basal forebrain neurons recorded in association with the electroencephalogram in anesthetized rats
    • Manns, I.D., Alonso, A., Jones, B.E. (2000) Discharge profiles of juxtacellularly labelled and immunohistochemically identified GABAergic basal forebrain neurons recorded in association with the electroencephalogram in anesthetized rats. J. Neurosci., 20, 9252-9263.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 9252-9263
    • Manns, I.D.1    Alonso, A.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 222
    • 0034652252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discharge properties of juxtacellularly labelled and immunohistochemically identified cholinergic basal forebrain neurons recorded in association with the electroencephalogram in anesthetized r ats
    • Manns, I.D., Alonso, A., Jones, B.E. (2000) Discharge properties of juxtacellularly labelled and immunohistochemically identified cholinergic basal forebrain neurons recorded in association with the electroencephalogram in anesthetized r ats. J. Neurosci., 20, 1505-1518.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 1505-1518
    • Manns, I.D.1    Alonso, A.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 223
    • 0041878924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors on GABAergic, putative sleep-promoting basal forebrain neurons
    • Manns, I.D., Lee, M.G., Modirrousta, M., Hou, Y.P., Jones, B.E. (2003) Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors on GABAergic, putative sleep-promoting basal forebrain neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci., 18, 723-727.
    • (2003) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 723-727
    • Manns, I.D.1    Lee, M.G.2    Modirrousta, M.3    Hou, Y.P.4    Jones, B.E.5
  • 224
    • 0018889317 scopus 로고
    • Interpeduncular nucleus afferents in the rat
    • Marchand, E.R., Riley, J.N., Moore, R.Y. (1980) Interpeduncular nucleus afferents in the rat Brain Res., 103, 339-352.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.103 , pp. 339-352
    • Marchand, E.R.1    Riley, J.N.2    Moore, R.Y.3
  • 225
    • 0037493754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular responses to chemical stimulation of the lateral tegmental field and adjacent medullary reticular formation in the rat
    • Marchenko, V., Sapru, H.N. (2003) Cardiovascular responses to chemical stimulation of the lateral tegmental field and adjacent medullary reticular formation in the rat. Brain Res., 977, 247-260.
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.977 , pp. 247-260
    • Marchenko, V.1    Sapru, H.N.2
  • 226
    • 1642539136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Martinez-Peña y Valenzuela, I., Rogers, R.C., Hermann, G.E., Travagli, R.A. (2004) Norepinephrine effects on identified neurons of the rat dorsal Motor nucleus of the vagus. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol., 286, G333-G339.
    • Martinez-Peña y Valenzuela, I., Rogers, R.C., Hermann, G.E., Travagli, R.A. (2004) Norepinephrine effects on identified neurons of the rat dorsal Motor nucleus of the vagus. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol., 286, G333-G339.
  • 227
    • 33947725537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated mediotegmental lesion causing narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: A case evidencing a common pathway in narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder
    • Mathis, J., Hess, C.W., Bassetti, C. (2007) Isolated mediotegmental lesion causing narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: a case evidencing a common pathway in narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 78, 427-429.
    • (2007) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.78 , pp. 427-429
    • Mathis, J.1    Hess, C.W.2    Bassetti, C.3
  • 228
    • 0037342317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-adrenoceptor- mediated presynaptic modulation of GABAergic transmission in mechanically dissociated rat ventrolateral preoptic neurons
    • 2-adrenoceptor- mediated presynaptic modulation of GABAergic transmission in mechanically dissociated rat ventrolateral preoptic neurons. J. Neurophysiol., 89, 1640-1648.
    • (2003) J. Neurophysiol , vol.89 , pp. 1640-1648
    • Matsuo, S.-I.1    Jang, I.-S.2    Nabekura, J.3    Akaike, N.4
  • 229
    • 0031732107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural activity of the superior salivatory nucleus in rats
    • Matsuo, R., Morimoto, T., Kang, Y. (1998) Neural activity of the superior salivatory nucleus in rats. Eur. J. Morphol., 36 (Suppl.), 203-207.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Morphol , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 203-207
    • Matsuo, R.1    Morimoto, T.2    Kang, Y.3
  • 230
    • 0034496607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the locus coeruleus suppresses trigeminal sensorimotor function in the rat
    • Matsutani, K., Tsuruoka, M., Shinya, A., Furuya, R., Kawawa, T. (2000) Stimulation of the locus coeruleus suppresses trigeminal sensorimotor function in the rat. Brain Res. Bull., 53, 827-832.
    • (2000) Brain Res. Bull , vol.53 , pp. 827-832
    • Matsutani, K.1    Tsuruoka, M.2    Shinya, A.3    Furuya, R.4    Kawawa, T.5
  • 231
    • 0017259932 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the locus coeruleus and adjacent pontine tegmentum in the cat
    • McBride, R.L., Sutin, J. (1976) Projections of the locus coeruleus and adjacent pontine tegmentum in the cat. J. Comp. Neurol., 165, 265-284.
    • (1976) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.165 , pp. 265-284
    • McBride, R.L.1    Sutin, J.2
  • 232
    • 0031057655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and arousal: Thalamocortical mechanisms
    • McCormick, D.A., Bal, T. (1997) Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms. Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 20, 185-215.
    • (1997) Ann. Rev. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 185-215
    • McCormick, D.A.1    Bal, T.2
  • 233
    • 0025723466 scopus 로고
    • Actions of norepinephrine in the cerebral cortex and thalamus: Implications for function of the central noradrenergic system
    • McCormick, D.A., Pape, M.C., Williamson, A. (1991) Actions of norepinephrine in the cerebral cortex and thalamus: implications for function of the central noradrenergic system. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 293-305.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 293-305
    • McCormick, D.A.1    Pape, M.C.2    Williamson, A.3
  • 234
    • 0028912091 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic response to acute ethanol administration in healthy subjects: Comparison with intravenous yohimbine
    • McDougle, C.J., Krystal, J.H., Price, L.H., Heninger, G.R., Charney, D.S. (1995) Noradrenergic response to acute ethanol administration in healthy subjects: comparison with intravenous yohimbine. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 118, 127-135.
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.118 , pp. 127-135
    • McDougle, C.J.1    Krystal, J.H.2    Price, L.H.3    Heninger, G.R.4    Charney, D.S.5
  • 235
    • 0016911144 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal raphe neurons: Depression of firing during sleep in cats
    • McGinty, D.J., Harper, R.M. (1976) Dorsal raphe neurons: depression of firing during sleep in cats. Brain Res., 101, 569-575.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.101 , pp. 569-575
    • McGinty, D.J.1    Harper, R.M.2
  • 236
    • 0030566695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleus ambiguus inhibits activity of cardiovascular units in RVLM
    • McKitrick, D.J., Calaresu, F.R. (1996) Nucleus ambiguus inhibits activity of cardiovascular units in RVLM. Brain Res., 742, 203-210.
    • (1996) Brain Res , vol.742 , pp. 203-210
    • McKitrick, D.J.1    Calaresu, F.R.2
  • 237
    • 0020535289 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin and dopamine afferents to the rat locus coeruleus: A biochemical study after lesioning of the ventral mesencephalic tegmental-A10 region and the raphe dorsalis
    • McRae-Degueurce, A., Milon, H. (1983) Serotonin and dopamine afferents to the rat locus coeruleus: a biochemical study after lesioning of the ventral mesencephalic tegmental-A10 region and the raphe dorsalis. Brain Res., 263, 344-347.
    • (1983) Brain Res , vol.263 , pp. 344-347
    • McRae-Degueurce, A.1    Milon, H.2
  • 238
    • 0036606107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep, feeding, and neuropeptides: Roles of orexins and orexin receptors
    • Mieda, M., Yanagisawa, M. (2002) Sleep, feeding, and neuropeptides: roles of orexins and orexin receptors. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 12, 339-345.
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol , vol.12 , pp. 339-345
    • Mieda, M.1    Yanagisawa, M.2
  • 239
    • 0036277865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descending control of pain
    • Millan, M.J. (2002) Descending control of pain. Prog. Neurobiol., 66, 355-474.
    • (2002) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 355-474
    • Millan, M.J.1
  • 240
    • 0020317020 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological investigation on the role of dopamine in the rat locus coeruleus
    • Milon, H., McRae-Degueurce, A. (1982) Pharmacological investigation on the role of dopamine in the rat locus coeruleus. Neurosci. Lett., 30, 297-301.
    • (1982) Neurosci. Lett , vol.30 , pp. 297-301
    • Milon, H.1    McRae-Degueurce, A.2
  • 241
    • 13444249884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical localization of beta2-adrenergic receptors in the rat spinal cord and their spatial relationships to tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive terminals
    • Mizukami, T. (2004) Immunocytochemical localization of beta2-adrenergic receptors in the rat spinal cord and their spatial relationships to tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive terminals. Kurume Med. J., 51, 175-183.
    • (2004) Kurume Med. J , vol.51 , pp. 175-183
    • Mizukami, T.1
  • 242
    • 8444238942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-adrenergic receptors in basal forebrain and preoptic area express c-Fos during sleep
    • 2-adrenergic receptors in basal forebrain and preoptic area express c-Fos during sleep. Neuroscience, 129, 803-810.
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.129 , pp. 803-810
    • Modirrousta, M.1    Mainville, L.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 243
    • 0018558116 scopus 로고
    • Central catecholamine neuron systems: Anatomy and physiology of the norepinephrine and epinephrine systems
    • Moore, R.Y., Bloom, F.E. (1979) Central catecholamine neuron systems: anatomy and physiology of the norepinephrine and epinephrine systems. Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 2, 113-168.
    • (1979) Ann. Rev. Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 113-168
    • Moore, R.Y.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 245
    • 0032958372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RVLM and raphe differentially regulate sympathetic outflows to splanchnic and brown adipose tissue
    • Morrison, S.F. (1999) RVLM and raphe differentially regulate sympathetic outflows to splanchnic and brown adipose tissue. Am. J. Physiol., 276, R962-R973.
    • (1999) Am. J. Physiol , vol.276
    • Morrison, S.F.1
  • 246
    • 0020379084 scopus 로고
    • Laminar, tangential and regional organization of the noradrenergic innervation of monkey cortex: Dopamine-β-hydroxylase immuno-histochemistry
    • Morrison, J.H., Foote, S.L., O'Connor, D., Bloom, F.E. (1982) Laminar, tangential and regional organization of the noradrenergic innervation of monkey cortex: dopamine-β-hydroxylase immuno-histochemistry. Brain Res., Bull., 9, 309-319.
    • (1982) Brain Res., Bull , vol.9 , pp. 309-319
    • Morrison, J.H.1    Foote, S.L.2    O'Connor, D.3    Bloom, F.E.4
  • 247
    • 0018583574 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic innervation patterns in three regions of medial cortex: An immunofluorescence characterization
    • Morrison, J.H., Molliver, M.E., Grzanna, R., Coyle, J.T. (1979) Noradrenergic innervation patterns in three regions of medial cortex: an immunofluorescence characterization. Brain Res. Bull., 4, 849-857.
    • (1979) Brain Res. Bull , vol.4 , pp. 849-857
    • Morrison, J.H.1    Molliver, M.E.2    Grzanna, R.3    Coyle, J.T.4
  • 248
    • 33646818802 scopus 로고
    • Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG
    • Moruzzi, G., Magoun, H.W. (1949) Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG. Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol., 1, 455-473.
    • (1949) Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol , vol.1 , pp. 455-473
    • Moruzzi, G.1    Magoun, H.W.2
  • 249
    • 0032952176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine control of growth hormone secretion
    • Müller, E.E., Locatelli, V., Cocchi, D. (1999) Neuroendocrine control of growth hormone secretion. Physiol. Rev., 79, 511-607.
    • (1999) Physiol. Rev , vol.79 , pp. 511-607
    • Müller, E.E.1    Locatelli, V.2    Cocchi, D.3
  • 250
    • 0023128641 scopus 로고
    • Morphology and distribution of the projection neurons in the cerebellum in a teleost, Sebastiscus marmoratus
    • Murakami, T., Morita, Y. (1987) Morphology and distribution of the projection neurons in the cerebellum in a teleost, Sebastiscus marmoratus. J. Comp. Neurol., 256, 607-623.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.256 , pp. 607-623
    • Murakami, T.1    Morita, Y.2
  • 251
    • 0028124755 scopus 로고
    • Baroreceptor inhibition of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons
    • Murase, S., Inui, K., Nosaka, S. (1994) Baroreceptor inhibition of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons. Neuroscience, 61, 635-643.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.61 , pp. 635-643
    • Murase, S.1    Inui, K.2    Nosaka, S.3
  • 252
    • 27644494282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anxiogenic drug yohimbine activates central viscerosensory circuits in rats
    • Myers, E.A., Banihashemi, L., Rinaman, L. (2005) The anxiogenic drug yohimbine activates central viscerosensory circuits in rats. J. Comp. Neurol., 492, 426-441.
    • (2005) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.492 , pp. 426-441
    • Myers, E.A.1    Banihashemi, L.2    Rinaman, L.3
  • 253
    • 0030890009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location of efferent terminals of the primate flocculus and ventral paraflocculus revealed by anterograde axonal transport methods
    • Nagao, S., Kitamura, T., Nakamura, N., Hiramatsu, T., Yamada, J. (1997) Location of efferent terminals of the primate flocculus and ventral paraflocculus revealed by anterograde axonal transport methods. Neurosci. Res., 27, 257-269.
    • (1997) Neurosci. Res , vol.27 , pp. 257-269
    • Nagao, S.1    Kitamura, T.2    Nakamura, N.3    Hiramatsu, T.4    Yamada, J.5
  • 255
    • 10444241920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic premotor neurons mediating thermoregulatory function
    • Nakamura, K., Matsumura, K., Kobayashi, S., Kaneko, T. (2005) Sympathetic premotor neurons mediating thermoregulatory function. Neurosci. Res., 51, 1-8.
    • (2005) Neurosci. Res , vol.51 , pp. 1-8
    • Nakamura, K.1    Matsumura, K.2    Kobayashi, S.3    Kaneko, T.4
  • 257
    • 0037313063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The α2-adrenoceptur agonist dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects
    • Nelson, L.E., Lu, J., Guo, T.Z., Saper, C.B., Franks, N.P., Maze, M. (2003). The α2-adrenoceptur agonist dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects. Anesthesiology, 98, 428-436.
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.98 , pp. 428-436
    • Nelson, L.E.1    Lu, J.2    Guo, T.Z.3    Saper, C.B.4    Franks, N.P.5    Maze, M.6
  • 258
    • 0029003759 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic contact of neuropeptide- and amine-containing axons on parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of the rat
    • Nemoto, T., Konno, A., Chiba, T. (1995) Synaptic contact of neuropeptide- and amine-containing axons on parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of the rat. Brain Res., 685, 33-45.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.685 , pp. 33-45
    • Nemoto, T.1    Konno, A.2    Chiba, T.3
  • 259
    • 0019364043 scopus 로고
    • The superior and inferior salivatory nuclei in the rat
    • Nicholson, J.E., Severin, C.M. (1981) The superior and inferior salivatory nuclei in the rat. Neurosci. Lett., 21, 149-154.
    • (1981) Neurosci. Lett , vol.21 , pp. 149-154
    • Nicholson, J.E.1    Severin, C.M.2
  • 260
    • 26244432748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleus accumbens dopamine release is necessary and sufficient to promote the behavioural response to reward-predictive cues
    • Nicola, S.M., Taha, S.A., Kim, S.W., Fields, H.L. (2005) Nucleus accumbens dopamine release is necessary and sufficient to promote the behavioural response to reward-predictive cues. Neuroscience, 135, 1025-1033.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.135 , pp. 1025-1033
    • Nicola, S.M.1    Taha, S.A.2    Kim, S.W.3    Fields, H.L.4
  • 262
    • 0031019302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla mediate vestibular inhibition of locus coeruleus in rats
    • Nishiike, S., Takeda, N., Kubo, T., Nakamura, S. (1997) Neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla mediate vestibular inhibition of locus coeruleus in rats. Neuroscience, 77, 219-232.
    • (1997) Neuroscience , vol.77 , pp. 219-232
    • Nishiike, S.1    Takeda, N.2    Kubo, T.3    Nakamura, S.4
  • 263
    • 0030887091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA release in the locus coeruleus as a function of sleep/wake state
    • Nitz, D., Siegel, J.M. (1997) GABA release in the locus coeruleus as a function of sleep/wake state. Neuroscience, 78, 795-801.
    • (1997) Neuroscience , vol.78 , pp. 795-801
    • Nitz, D.1    Siegel, J.M.2
  • 264
    • 0019966532 scopus 로고
    • Vagal cardiac preganglionic neurons: Distribution, cell types, and reflex discharges
    • Nosaka, S., Yasunaga, K., Tamai, S. (1982) Vagal cardiac preganglionic neurons: distribution, cell types, and reflex discharges. Am. J. Physiol., 243, R92-R98.
    • (1982) Am. J. Physiol , vol.243
    • Nosaka, S.1    Yasunaga, K.2    Tamai, S.3
  • 265
    • 0017750113 scopus 로고
    • A new major projection from locus coeruleus: The main source of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the ventral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord
    • Nygren, L.-G., Olson, L. (1977) A new major projection from locus coeruleus: the main source of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the ventral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord. Brain Res., 132, 85-93.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.132 , pp. 85-93
    • Nygren, L.-G.1    Olson, L.2
  • 266
    • 0023256181 scopus 로고
    • Ventral tegmental (A10) system: Neurobiology. 1. Anatomy and connectivity
    • Oades, R.D., Halliday, G.M. (1987) Ventral tegmental (A10) system: neurobiology. 1. Anatomy and connectivity. Brain Res., 434, 117-165.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.434 , pp. 117-165
    • Oades, R.D.1    Halliday, G.M.2
  • 267
    • 0037110596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2c-adrenergic receptor in the rat dorsal hom
    • 2c-adrenergic receptor in the rat dorsal hom. Neuroscience, 115, 31-40.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.115 , pp. 31-40
    • Olave, M.J.1    Maxwell, D.J.2
  • 268
    • 0015228864 scopus 로고
    • On the projections from the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons: The cerebellar innervation
    • Olson, L., Fuxe, K. (1971) On the projections from the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons: the cerebellar innervation. Brain Res., 28, 165-171.
    • (1971) Brain Res , vol.28 , pp. 165-171
    • Olson, L.1    Fuxe, K.2
  • 269
    • 0023612932 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and radioautographic evidence for dopaminergic afferents of the locus coeruleus originating in the ventral tegmental area
    • Ornstein, K., Milon, H., McRae-Degueurce, A., Alvarez, C., Berger, B., Würzner, H.P. (1987) Biochemical and radioautographic evidence for dopaminergic afferents of the locus coeruleus originating in the ventral tegmental area. J. Neural Transm., 70, 183-191.
    • (1987) J. Neural Transm , vol.70 , pp. 183-191
    • Ornstein, K.1    Milon, H.2    McRae-Degueurce, A.3    Alvarez, C.4    Berger, B.5    Würzner, H.P.6
  • 270
    • 0028348025 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic inputs to sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area from the locus coeruleus and the ventrolateral medulla in the rat
    • Osaka, T., Matsumura, H. (1994) Noradrenergic inputs to sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area from the locus coeruleus and the ventrolateral medulla in the rat. Neurosci. Res., 19, 39-50.
    • (1994) Neurosci. Res , vol.19 , pp. 39-50
    • Osaka, T.1    Matsumura, H.2
  • 271
    • 0028168430 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 1-adrenoceptors in rat dorsal raphe neurons: Regulation of two potassium conductances
    • Pan, Z.Z., Grudt, T.J., Williams, J.T. (1994) Alpha 1-adrenoceptors in rat dorsal raphe neurons: regulation of two potassium conductances. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 478, 437-447.
    • (1994) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.478 , pp. 437-447
    • Pan, Z.Z.1    Grudt, T.J.2    Williams, J.T.3
  • 274
    • 0028819761 scopus 로고
    • Actions of norepinephrine on rat hypoglossal motoneurons
    • Parkis, M.A., Bayliss, D.A., Berger, A.J. (1995) Actions of norepinephrine on rat hypoglossal motoneurons. J. Neuropsysiol., 74, 1911-1919.
    • (1995) J. Neuropsysiol , vol.74 , pp. 1911-1919
    • Parkis, M.A.1    Bayliss, D.A.2    Berger, A.J.3
  • 275
    • 0026743983 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative light microscope autoradiographic localization of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the human brain
    • Pascual, J., del Arco, C., Gonzalez, A.M., Pazos, A. (1992) Quantitative light microscope autoradiographic localization of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the human brain. Brain Res., 585, 116-127.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.585 , pp. 116-127
    • Pascual, J.1    del Arco, C.2    Gonzalez, A.M.3    Pazos, A.4
  • 276
    • 0017707773 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal raphe, substantia nigra and locus coeruleus: Interconnections with each other and the neostriatum
    • Pasquier, D.A., Kemper, T.L., Forbes, W.B., Morgane, P.J. (1977) Dorsal raphe, substantia nigra and locus coeruleus: interconnections with each other and the neostriatum. Brain Res. Bull., 2, 323-339.
    • (1977) Brain Res. Bull , vol.2 , pp. 323-339
    • Pasquier, D.A.1    Kemper, T.L.2    Forbes, W.B.3    Morgane, P.J.4
  • 277
    • 0018176362 scopus 로고
    • The topographic organization of hypothalamic and brain stem projections to the hippocampus
    • Pasquier, D.A., Reinoso-Suarez, F. (1978) The topographic organization of hypothalamic and brain stem projections to the hippocampus. Brain Res. Bull., 3, 373-389.
    • (1978) Brain Res. Bull , vol.3 , pp. 373-389
    • Pasquier, D.A.1    Reinoso-Suarez, F.2
  • 278
    • 0019312148 scopus 로고
    • Opiates and opioid peptides hyperpolarize locus coeruleus neurons in vitro
    • Pepper, C.M., Henderson, G. (1980) Opiates and opioid peptides hyperpolarize locus coeruleus neurons in vitro. Science, 209, 394-395.
    • (1980) Science , vol.209 , pp. 394-395
    • Pepper, C.M.1    Henderson, G.2
  • 279
    • 0000786478 scopus 로고
    • Localization of the GABA-ergic neurons projecting to the rat dorsal raphe and locus coeruleus
    • Peyron, C., Luppi, P.-H., Rampon, C., Jouvet, M. (1995) Localization of the GABA-ergic neurons projecting to the rat dorsal raphe and locus coeruleus. Soc. Neurosci. Abs., 21, 373.
    • (1995) Soc. Neurosci. Abs , vol.21 , pp. 373
    • Peyron, C.1    Luppi, P.-H.2    Rampon, C.3    Jouvet, M.4
  • 281
    • 0028177316 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of αl adrenoceptors in rat brain revealed by in situ hybridization experiments utilizing subtype-specific probes
    • Pieribone, V.A., Nicholas, A.P., Dagerlind, Å., Hökfelt, T. (1994) Distribution of αl adrenoceptors in rat brain revealed by in situ hybridization experiments utilizing subtype-specific probes. J. Neurosci., 14, 4252-4268.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 4252-4268
    • Pieribone, V.A.1    Nicholas, A.P.2    Dagerlind, A.3    Hökfelt, T.4
  • 283
    • 0025837270 scopus 로고
    • The projections of locus coeruleus neurons to the spinal cord
    • Proudfit, H.K., Clark, F.M. (1991) The projections of locus coeruleus neurons to the spinal cord. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 123-141.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 123-141
    • Proudfit, H.K.1    Clark, F.M.2
  • 284
    • 0042921502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the release of serotonin in the dorsal raphe nucleus by α1 and α2 adrenoceptors
    • Pudovkina, O.L., Cremers, T.I.F.H., Westerink, B.H.C. (2003) Regulation of the release of serotonin in the dorsal raphe nucleus by α1 and α2 adrenoceptors. Synapse, 50, 77-82.
    • (2003) Synapse , vol.50 , pp. 77-82
    • Pudovkina, O.L.1    Cremers, T.I.F.H.2    Westerink, B.H.C.3
  • 285
    • 53249108643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of noradrenaline in the locus coeruleus
    • Ludwig, M. Ed, USA, Springer. pp
    • Pudovkina, O.L., Westerink, B.H.C. (2005) Release of noradrenaline in the locus coeruleus. In: Ludwig, M. Ed, Dendritic Neurotransmitter Release. USA, Springer. pp. 145-154.
    • (2005) Dendritic Neurotransmitter Release , pp. 145-154
    • Pudovkina, O.L.1    Westerink, B.H.C.2
  • 286
    • 0022453794 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine metabolism in the rat locus coeruleus as studied by in vivo differential pulse voltammetry. III. Evidence for the existence of an alpha 2-adrenergic tonic inhibition in behaving rats
    • Quintin, L., Buda, M., Hilaire, G., Bardelay, C., Ghignone, M., Pujol, J.F. (1986) Catecholamine metabolism in the rat locus coeruleus as studied by in vivo differential pulse voltammetry. III. Evidence for the existence of an alpha 2-adrenergic tonic inhibition in behaving rats. Brain Res., 375, 235-245.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.375 , pp. 235-245
    • Quintin, L.1    Buda, M.2    Hilaire, G.3    Bardelay, C.4    Ghignone, M.5    Pujol, J.F.6
  • 287
    • 0028149250 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus activity in monkey: Phasic and tonic changes are associated with altered vigilance
    • Rajkowski, J., Kubiak, P., Aston-Jones, G. (1994) Locus coeruleus activity in monkey: phasic and tonic changes are associated with altered vigilance. Brain Res. Bull., 35, 607-616.
    • (1994) Brain Res. Bull , vol.35 , pp. 607-616
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 288
    • 0033006781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins of the glycinergic inputs to the rat locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe nuclei: A study combining retrograde tracing with glycine immunohistochemistry
    • Rampon, C., Peyron, C., Gervasoni, D., Pow, D.V., Luppi, P.-H., Fort, P. (1999) Origins of the glycinergic inputs to the rat locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe nuclei: a study combining retrograde tracing with glycine immunohistochemistry. Eur. J. Neurosci., 11, 1058-1066.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1058-1066
    • Rampon, C.1    Peyron, C.2    Gervasoni, D.3    Pow, D.V.4    Luppi, P.-H.5    Fort, P.6
  • 289
    • 0025374643 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin excitation of facial motoneurons: Receptor subtype characterization
    • Rasmussen, K., Aghajanian, G.K. (1990) Serotonin excitation of facial motoneurons: receptor subtype characterization. Synapse, 5, 324-332.
    • (1990) Synapse , vol.5 , pp. 324-332
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 290
    • 0022530410 scopus 로고
    • Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat II. Conditioning and pharmacologic studies
    • Rasmussen, K., Jacobs, B.L. (1986) Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat II. Conditioning and pharmacologic studies. Brain Res., 23, 335-344.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.23 , pp. 335-344
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Jacobs, B.L.2
  • 291
    • 0022468439 scopus 로고
    • Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. I. During naturalistic behaviors and in response to simple and complex stimuli
    • Rasmussen, K., Morilak, D.A., Jacobs, B.L. (1986) Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. I. During naturalistic behaviors and in response to simple and complex stimuli. Brain Res., 371, 324-334.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.371 , pp. 324-334
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Morilak, D.A.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 292
    • 0035884568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold-activated raphe- spinal neurons in rats
    • Rathner, J.A., Owens, N.C., McAllen, R.M. (2001) Cold-activated raphe- spinal neurons in rats. J. Physiol., 535, 841-854.
    • (2001) J. Physiol , vol.535 , pp. 841-854
    • Rathner, J.A.1    Owens, N.C.2    McAllen, R.M.3
  • 293
    • 0018800158 scopus 로고
    • New evidence for a locus coeruleus- norepinephrine connection with anxiety
    • Redmond, D.E., Huang, Y.H. (1979) New evidence for a locus coeruleus- norepinephrine connection with anxiety. Life Sci., 25, 2149-2162.
    • (1979) Life Sci , vol.25 , pp. 2149-2162
    • Redmond, D.E.1    Huang, Y.H.2
  • 294
    • 0017087879 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural effects of stimulation of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the stump-tailed monkey Macaca arctoides
    • Redmond, D.E., Huang, Y.H., Snyder, D.R., Maas, J.W. (1976) Behavioural effects of stimulation of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the stump-tailed monkey Macaca arctoides. Brain Res., 116, 502-510.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.116 , pp. 502-510
    • Redmond, D.E.1    Huang, Y.H.2    Snyder, D.R.3    Maas, J.W.4
  • 295
    • 0002541254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Wilson, J.D, Foster, D.W, Kronenberg, H.M, Larsen, P.R, Eds, Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company. pp
    • Reichlin, S. (1998) Neuroendocrinology. In: Wilson, J.D., Foster, D.W., Kronenberg, H.M., Larsen, P.R., Eds, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company. pp. 165-248.
    • (1998) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology , pp. 165-248
    • Reichlin, S.1
  • 297
    • 0020078970 scopus 로고
    • Increase of serotonin metabolism within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord during nucleus raphe magnus stimulation, as revealed by in vivo electrochemical detection
    • Rivot, J.P., Chiang, C.Y., Besson, J.M. (1982) Increase of serotonin metabolism within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord during nucleus raphe magnus stimulation, as revealed by in vivo electrochemical detection. Brain Res., 238, 117-126.
    • (1982) Brain Res , vol.238 , pp. 117-126
    • Rivot, J.P.1    Chiang, C.Y.2    Besson, J.M.3
  • 298
    • 0021165674 scopus 로고
    • Cortical noradrenaline, attention and arousal
    • Robbins, T.W. (1984) Cortical noradrenaline, attention and arousal. Psychol. Med., 14, 13-21.
    • (1984) Psychol. Med , vol.14 , pp. 13-21
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 299
    • 0022397285 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic alpha 2 binding sites in vagal dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus tractus solitarius: Autoradiographic localization
    • Robertson, H.A., Leslie, R.A. (1985) Noradrenergic alpha 2 binding sites in vagal dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus tractus solitarius: autoradiographic localization. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 63, 1190-1194.
    • (1985) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol , vol.63 , pp. 1190-1194
    • Robertson, H.A.1    Leslie, R.A.2
  • 300
  • 301
    • 0018976683 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar afferents from motor nuclei of cranial nerves, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and nuclei coeruleus and parabrachialis in sheep, demonstrated with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase
    • Saigal, R.P., Karamanlidis, A.N., Voogd, J., Michaloudi, H., Mangana, O. (1980) Cerebellar afferents from motor nuclei of cranial nerves, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and nuclei coeruleus and parabrachialis in sheep, demonstrated with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res., 197, 200-206.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.197 , pp. 200-206
    • Saigal, R.P.1    Karamanlidis, A.N.2    Voogd, J.3    Michaloudi, H.4    Mangana, O.5
  • 303
    • 0023753951 scopus 로고
    • Executive mechanisms of paradoxical sleep
    • Sakai, K. (1988) Executive mechanisms of paradoxical sleep. Arch. Ital. Biol., 126, 239-257.
    • (1988) Arch. Ital. Biol , vol.126 , pp. 239-257
    • Sakai, K.1
  • 304
    • 0017659040 scopus 로고
    • Afferent connections of the nucleus raphe dorsalis in the cat as visualized by the horseradish peroxidase technique
    • Sakai, K., Salvert, D., Touret, M., Jouvet, M. (1977) Afferent connections of the nucleus raphe dorsalis in the cat as visualized by the horseradish peroxidase technique. Brain Res., 137, 11-35.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.137 , pp. 11-35
    • Sakai, K.1    Salvert, D.2    Touret, M.3    Jouvet, M.4
  • 305
    • 33646919183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of pramipexole and modafinil on arousal, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers
    • Samuels, E.R., Hou, R.H., Langley, R.W., Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (2006) Comparison of pramipexole and modafinil on arousal, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. J. Psychopharmacol., 20, 756-770.
    • (2006) J. Psychopharmacol , vol.20 , pp. 756-770
    • Samuels, E.R.1    Hou, R.H.2    Langley, R.W.3    Szabadi, E.4    Bradshaw, C.M.5
  • 306
    • 33746912039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of amisulpride and pramipexole on alertness, autonomic and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers
    • Samuels, E.R., Hou, R.H., Langley, R.W., Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (2006) Comparison of amisulpride and pramipexole on alertness, autonomic and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 187, 498-510.
    • (2006) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.187 , pp. 498-510
    • Samuels, E.R.1    Hou, R.H.2    Langley, R.W.3    Szabadi, E.4    Bradshaw, C.M.5
  • 307
    • 35348857531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the acoustic startle response by the level of arousal: Comparison of clonidine and modafinil in healthy volunteers
    • Samuels, E.R., Hou, R.H., Langley, R.W., Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (2007) Modulation of the acoustic startle response by the level of arousal: comparison of clonidine and modafinil in healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology, 32, 2405-2421.
    • (2007) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 2405-2421
    • Samuels, E.R.1    Hou, R.H.2    Langley, R.W.3    Szabadi, E.4    Bradshaw, C.M.5
  • 308
    • 35248872905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of pramipexole with and without domperidone co-administration on alertness, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers
    • Samuels, E.R., Hou, R.H., Langley, R.W., Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M. (2007) Comparison of pramipexole with and without domperidone co-administration on alertness, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 64, 591-602.
    • (2007) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol , vol.64 , pp. 591-602
    • Samuels, E.R.1    Hou, R.H.2    Langley, R.W.3    Szabadi, E.4    Bradshaw, C.M.5
  • 309
    • 0032587777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ID adrenergic receptor messenger RNA in oxytocin- and corticotropin-releasing hormone- synthesizing neurons in the rat paraventicular nucleus
    • ID adrenergic receptor messenger RNA in oxytocin- and corticotropin-releasing hormone- synthesizing neurons in the rat paraventicular nucleus. Neuroscience, 91, 639-649.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.91 , pp. 639-649
    • Sands, S.A.1    Morilak, D.A.2
  • 311
    • 0023831160 scopus 로고
    • Priming stimulation of locus coeraleus facilitates memory retrieval in the rat
    • Sara, S.J., Devauges, V. (1988) Priming stimulation of locus coeraleus facilitates memory retrieval in the rat. Brain Res., 438, 299-303.
    • (1988) Brain Res , vol.438 , pp. 299-303
    • Sara, S.J.1    Devauges, V.2
  • 312
    • 0016210212 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline-mediated inhibition by locus coeruleus of spinal trigeminal neurons
    • Sasa, M., Munekiyo, H, Ikeda, S., Takaori, S. (1974) Noradrenaline-mediated inhibition by locus coeruleus of spinal trigeminal neurons. Brain Res., 80, 443-460.
    • (1974) Brain Res , vol.80 , pp. 443-460
    • Sasa, M.1    Munekiyo, H.2    Ikeda, S.3    Takaori, S.4
  • 313
    • 0022517611 scopus 로고
    • Beta- receptor involvement in locus coereleus-induced inhibition of spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons: Microiontophoretic and HRP studies
    • Sasa, M., Ohno, Y., Ito, J., Kashii, S., Utsumi, S., Takaori, S. (1986) Beta- receptor involvement in locus coereleus-induced inhibition of spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons: microiontophoretic and HRP studies. Brain Res., 377, 337-343.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.377 , pp. 337-343
    • Sasa, M.1    Ohno, Y.2    Ito, J.3    Kashii, S.4    Utsumi, S.5    Takaori, S.6
  • 314
    • 0015873723 scopus 로고
    • Influence of the locus coeruleus on transmission in the spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons
    • Sasa, M., Takaori, S. (1973) Influence of the locus coeruleus on transmission in the spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons. Brain Res., 55, 203-208.
    • (1973) Brain Res , vol.55 , pp. 203-208
    • Sasa, M.1    Takaori, S.2
  • 315
    • 0028073058 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons as a micturition center
    • Sasa, M., Yoshimura, N. (1994) Locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons as a micturition center. Microsc. Res. Tech., 29, 226-230.
    • (1994) Microsc. Res. Tech , vol.29 , pp. 226-230
    • Sasa, M.1    Yoshimura, N.2
  • 316
    • 0018409729 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the inferior salivatory nucleus in the cat as studies by HRP bathings of the transected glossopharyngeal nerve root
    • Satomi, H., Yamamoto, T., Ise, H., Takahashi, K. (1979) Identification of the inferior salivatory nucleus in the cat as studies by HRP bathings of the transected glossopharyngeal nerve root. Neurosci. Lett., 11, 259-263.
    • (1979) Neurosci. Lett , vol.11 , pp. 259-263
    • Satomi, H.1    Yamamoto, T.2    Ise, H.3    Takahashi, K.4
  • 317
    • 0020037646 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical identification of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that project to the medulla or to the spinal cord in the rat
    • Sawchenko, P.E., Swanson, L.W. (1982) Immunohistochemical identification of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that project to the medulla or to the spinal cord in the rat J. Comp. Neurol., 205, 260-272.
    • (1982) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.205 , pp. 260-272
    • Sawchenko, P.E.1    Swanson, L.W.2
  • 318
    • 24944450690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuron specific α-adrenergic receptor expression in human cerebellum: Implications for emerging cerebellar roles in neurologic disease
    • Schambra, U.B., Mackensen, G.B., Stafford-Smith, M., Haines, D.E., Schwinn, D.A. (2005) Neuron specific α-adrenergic receptor expression in human cerebellum: implications for emerging cerebellar roles in neurologic disease. Neuroscience, 135, 507-523.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.135 , pp. 507-523
    • Schambra, U.B.1    Mackensen, G.B.2    Stafford-Smith, M.3    Haines, D.E.4    Schwinn, D.A.5
  • 320
    • 0027104461 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical demonstration of regionally selective projections from locus coeruleus to the vestibular nuclei in rats
    • Schuerger, R.J., Balaban, C.D. (1993) Immunohistochemical demonstration of regionally selective projections from locus coeruleus to the vestibular nuclei in rats. Exp. Brain Res., 92, 351-359.
    • (1993) Exp. Brain Res , vol.92 , pp. 351-359
    • Schuerger, R.J.1    Balaban, C.D.2
  • 321
    • 0025330534 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline axon terminals in adult rat neocortex: An immunocytochemical analysis in serial thin sections
    • Séguéla, P., Watkins, K.C., Geffard, M., Descarries, L. (1990) Noradrenaline axon terminals in adult rat neocortex: an immunocytochemical analysis in serial thin sections. Neuroscience, 35, 249-264.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.35 , pp. 249-264
    • Séguéla, P.1    Watkins, K.C.2    Geffard, M.3    Descarries, L.4
  • 322
    • 0019433077 scopus 로고
    • Experimental and morphological studies of the noradrenaline innervations in the nucleus tractus spinal nervi trigemini of the rat with special reference to their fine structures
    • Senba, E., Tohyama, M., Shiosaka, H., Takagi, M., Sakanaka, T., Matuzaki, Y., Takahashi, N., Shimizu, N. (1981) Experimental and morphological studies of the noradrenaline innervations in the nucleus tractus spinal nervi trigemini of the rat with special reference to their fine structures. Brain Res., 206, 39-50.
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.206 , pp. 39-50
    • Senba, E.1    Tohyama, M.2    Shiosaka, H.3    Takagi, M.4    Sakanaka, T.5    Matuzaki, Y.6    Takahashi, N.7    Shimizu, N.8
  • 323
    • 0025996122 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic facilitation of motor neurons: Localization of adrenergic receptors in neurons and nonneuronal cells in the trigeminal motor nucleus
    • Shao, Y.P., Sutin, J. (1991) Noradrenergic facilitation of motor neurons: localization of adrenergic receptors in neurons and nonneuronal cells in the trigeminal motor nucleus. Exp. Neurol., 114, 216-227.
    • (1991) Exp. Neurol , vol.114 , pp. 216-227
    • Shao, Y.P.1    Sutin, J.2
  • 324
    • 0032526450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innervation of histaminergic tuberomamillary neurons by GABAergic and galaninergic neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus of the rat
    • Sherin, J.E., Elmquist, J.K., Torrcalba, F., Saper, C.B. (1998) Innervation of histaminergic tuberomamillary neurons by GABAergic and galaninergic neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus of the rat. J. Neurosci., 18, 4705-4721.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 4705-4721
    • Sherin, J.E.1    Elmquist, J.K.2    Torrcalba, F.3    Saper, C.B.4
  • 325
    • 0033538907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of alpha2-adrenoceptor mRNAs in the rat lumber spinal cord in normal and axotomized rats
    • Shi, T.J., Winzer-Serhan, U., Leslie, F., Hokfelt, T. (1999) Distribution of alpha2-adrenoceptor mRNAs in the rat lumber spinal cord in normal and axotomized rats. Neuroreport, 10, 2835-2839.
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 2835-2839
    • Shi, T.J.1    Winzer-Serhan, U.2    Leslie, F.3    Hokfelt, T.4
  • 326
    • 0028801908 scopus 로고
    • Participation of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in locus coeruleus-induced baroreflex suppression in rats
    • Shih, C.-D., Chan, S.H.H., Chan, J.Y.H. (1995) Participation of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in locus coeruleus-induced baroreflex suppression in rats. Am. J. Physiol., 269, H46-H52.
    • (1995) Am. J. Physiol , vol.269
    • Shih, C.-D.1    Chan, S.H.H.2    Chan, J.Y.H.3
  • 327
    • 33745726877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stuff dreams are made of anatomical substrates of REM sleep
    • Siegel, J.M. (2006) The stuff dreams are made of anatomical substrates of REM sleep. Nat. Neurosci., 9, 721-722.
    • (2006) Nat. Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 721-722
    • Siegel, J.M.1
  • 328
    • 0026773751 scopus 로고
    • Efferent projections of the nucleus raphe magnus
    • Sim, L.J., Joseph, S.A. (1992) Efferent projections of the nucleus raphe magnus. Brain Res. Bull., 28, 679-682.
    • (1992) Brain Res. Bull , vol.28 , pp. 679-682
    • Sim, L.J.1    Joseph, S.A.2
  • 329
    • 0027464734 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal raphe nucleus efferents: Termination in peptidergic fields
    • Sim, L.J., Joseph, S.A. (1993) Dorsal raphe nucleus efferents: termination in peptidergic fields. Peptides, 14, 75-83.
    • (1993) Peptides , vol.14 , pp. 75-83
    • Sim, L.J.1    Joseph, S.A.2
  • 330
    • 0018418946 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical relationships between the ventral tegmental mesencephalic tegmentum-a10 region and the locus coeruleus as demonstrated by anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques
    • Simon, H., Le Moal, M., Stinus, L., Calas, A. (1979) Anatomical relationships between the ventral tegmental mesencephalic tegmentum-a10 region and the locus coeruleus as demonstrated by anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques. J. Neural Transm., 44, 77-86
    • (1979) J. Neural Transm , vol.44 , pp. 77-86
    • Simon, H.1    Le Moal, M.2    Stinus, L.3    Calas, A.4
  • 331
    • 0034746339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of alpha2-adrenergic receptors markedly potentiates glutamate-evoked activity of locus coeruleus neurons
    • Simson, P.E. (2001) Blockade of alpha2-adrenergic receptors markedly potentiates glutamate-evoked activity of locus coeruleus neurons. Int. J. Neurosci., 106, 95-99.
    • (2001) Int. J. Neurosci , vol.106 , pp. 95-99
    • Simson, P.E.1
  • 332
    • 0031689935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of neurotransmitters in the locus coeraleus
    • Singewald, N., Philippu, A. (1998) Release of neurotransmitters in the locus coeraleus. Prog. Neurobiol., 56, 237-267.
    • (1998) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.56 , pp. 237-267
    • Singewald, N.1    Philippu, A.2
  • 333
    • 0034124204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomical targets of anxiogenic drugs in the hindbrain as revealed by Fos immunochemistry
    • Singewald, N., Sharp, T. (2000) Neuroanatomical targets of anxiogenic drugs in the hindbrain as revealed by Fos immunochemistry. Neuroscience, 98, 759-770.
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.98 , pp. 759-770
    • Singewald, N.1    Sharp, T.2
  • 334
    • 0026521356 scopus 로고
    • Spinal projections of the locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus in the Harlan and the Sasco Sprague-Dawley rat
    • Sluka, K.A., Westlund, K.N. (1992) Spinal projections of the locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus in the Harlan and the Sasco Sprague-Dawley rat. Brain Res., 579, 67-73.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.579 , pp. 67-73
    • Sluka, K.A.1    Westlund, K.N.2
  • 335
    • 84984774610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analgesia: Dial 'P' for pain
    • Smith, A. Analgesia: Dial 'P' for pain. (2002) Nat Rev. Neurosci., 3, 173.
    • (2002) Nat Rev. Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 173
    • Smith, A.1
  • 336
    • 0028972576 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in human spinal cord: Specific localized expression of mRNA encoding alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes at four distinct levels
    • Smith, M.S., Schambra, U.B., Wilson, K.H., Page, S.O., Hulette, C., Light, A.R., Schwinn, D.A. (1995) Alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in human spinal cord: specific localized expression of mRNA encoding alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes at four distinct levels. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 34, 109-117.
    • (1995) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res , vol.34 , pp. 109-117
    • Smith, M.S.1    Schambra, U.B.2    Wilson, K.H.3    Page, S.O.4    Hulette, C.5    Light, A.R.6    Schwinn, D.A.7
  • 338
    • 0025200894 scopus 로고
    • CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: A retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study
    • Spencer, S.E., Sawyer, W.B., Wada, H., Platt, K.B., Loewy, A.D. (1990) CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study. Brain Res., 534, 149-169.
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.534 , pp. 149-169
    • Spencer, S.E.1    Sawyer, W.B.2    Wada, H.3    Platt, K.B.4    Loewy, A.D.5
  • 339
    • 0035931672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subregional organization of preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic projections to arousal- related monoaminergic cell groups
    • Steininger, T.L., Gong, H., McGinty, D., Szymusiak, R. (2001) Subregional organization of preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic projections to arousal- related monoaminergic cell groups. J. Comp. Neurol., 429, 638-653.
    • (2001) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.429 , pp. 638-653
    • Steininger, T.L.1    Gong, H.2    McGinty, D.3    Szymusiak, R.4
  • 341
    • 0019862478 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular changes during arousal elicited by stimulation of amygdala, hypothalamus and locus coeruleus
    • Stock, G., Rupprecht, U., Stumpf, H., Schlor, K.H. (1981) Cardiovascular changes during arousal elicited by stimulation of amygdala, hypothalamus and locus coeruleus. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 3, 503-510.
    • (1981) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.3 , pp. 503-510
    • Stock, G.1    Rupprecht, U.2    Stumpf, H.3    Schlor, K.H.4
  • 342
    • 33947151444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central αl- adrenergic system in behavioural activity and depression
    • Stone, E.A., Quartermain, D., Lin, Y., Lehmann, M.L. (2006) Central αl- adrenergic system in behavioural activity and depression. Biochem. Pharmacol. 73, 1063-1075.
    • (2006) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.73 , pp. 1063-1075
    • Stone, E.A.1    Quartermain, D.2    Lin, Y.3    Lehmann, M.L.4
  • 343
    • 0028297092 scopus 로고
    • Bilateral 6- OHDA lesions of the locus coeruleus impair associative olfactory learning in newborn rats
    • Sullivan, R.M., Wilson, D.A., Lemon, C., Gerhardt, G.A. (1994) Bilateral 6- OHDA lesions of the locus coeruleus impair associative olfactory learning in newborn rats. Brain Res., 643, 306-309.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.643 , pp. 306-309
    • Sullivan, R.M.1    Wilson, D.A.2    Lemon, C.3    Gerhardt, G.A.4
  • 344
    • 0028868690 scopus 로고
    • Central neural organization and control of sympathetic nervous system in mammals
    • Sun, M.-K. (1995) Central neural organization and control of sympathetic nervous system in mammals. Prog. Neurobiol., 47, 157-233.
    • (1995) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.47 , pp. 157-233
    • Sun, M.-K.1
  • 345
    • 0022309027 scopus 로고
    • GABA-mediated baroreceptor inhibition of reticulospinal neurons
    • Sun, M.-K., Guyenet, P.G. (1985) GABA-mediated baroreceptor inhibition of reticulospinal neurons. Am. J. Physiol., 249, R672-680.
    • (1985) Am. J. Physiol , vol.249
    • Sun, M.-K.1    Guyenet, P.G.2
  • 346
    • 0022979432 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic glutamatergic input to medullary sympathoexcitatory neurons in rats
    • Sun, M.-K., Guyenet, P.G. (1986) Hypothalamic glutamatergic input to medullary sympathoexcitatory neurons in rats. Am. J. Physiol., 251, R798-R810.
    • (1986) Am. J. Physiol , vol.251
    • Sun, M.-K.1    Guyenet, P.G.2
  • 347
    • 0036580756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hypocretins: Setting the arousal threshold
    • Sutcliffe, J.G., de Lecea, L. (2002) The hypocretins: setting the arousal threshold. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 3, 339-349.
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 339-349
    • Sutcliffe, J.G.1    de Lecea, L.2
  • 349
    • 0020421621 scopus 로고
    • The projections of the ventral tegmental area and adjacent regions: A combined fluorescent retrograde tracer and immunofluorescencc: study in the rat
    • Swanson, L.W. (1982) The projections of the ventral tegmental area and adjacent regions: a combined fluorescent retrograde tracer and immunofluorescencc: study in the rat. Brain Res. Bull., 9, 321-353.
    • (1982) Brain Res. Bull , vol.9 , pp. 321-353
    • Swanson, L.W.1
  • 350
    • 0019145652 scopus 로고
    • Paraventricular nucleus: A site for the integration of neuroendocrine and autonomic mechanisms
    • Swanson, L.W., Sawchenko, P.E. (1980) Paraventricular nucleus: a site for the integration of neuroendocrine and autonomic mechanisms. Neuroendocrinology, 31, 410-417.
    • (1980) Neuroendocrinology , vol.31 , pp. 410-417
    • Swanson, L.W.1    Sawchenko, P.E.2
  • 351
    • 0020645737 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic integration: Organization of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei
    • Swanson, L.W., Sawchenko, P.E. (1983) Hypothalamic integration: organization of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 6, 269-324.
    • (1983) Ann. Rev. Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 269-324
    • Swanson, L.W.1    Sawchenko, P.E.2
  • 353
    • 0032978653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypo- and hypersalivation induced by psychoactive drugs. Incidence, mechanisms and therapeutic implications
    • Szabadi, E., Tavernor, S. (1999) Hypo- and hypersalivation induced by psychoactive drugs. Incidence, mechanisms and therapeutic implications. CNS Drugs, 11, 449-466.
    • (1999) CNS Drugs , vol.11 , pp. 449-466
    • Szabadi, E.1    Tavernor, S.2
  • 354
    • 0032563681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-waking discharge patterns of ventrolateral preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons in rats
    • Szymusiak, R., Alam, N., Steininger, T.L., McGinty, D. (1998) Sleep-waking discharge patterns of ventrolateral preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons in rats. Brain Res., 803, 178-188.
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.803 , pp. 178-188
    • Szymusiak, R.1    Alam, N.2    Steininger, T.L.3    McGinty, D.4
  • 356
    • 0029824374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system
    • Talley, E.M., Rosin, D.L., Lee, A., Guyenet, P.G., Lynch, K.R. (1996) Distribution of alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol., 372, 111-134.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.372 , pp. 111-134
    • Talley, E.M.1    Rosin, D.L.2    Lee, A.3    Guyenet, P.G.4    Lynch, K.R.5
  • 357
    • 0034730440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline systems in the hypothalamus, amygdala and locus coeruleus are involved in the provocation of anxiety: Basic studies
    • Tanaka, M., Yoshida, M., Emoto, H., Ishii, H. (2000) Noradrenaline systems in the hypothalamus, amygdala and locus coeruleus are involved in the provocation of anxiety: basic studies. Eur. J Pharmacol., 405, 397-406.
    • (2000) Eur. J Pharmacol , vol.405 , pp. 397-406
    • Tanaka, M.1    Yoshida, M.2    Emoto, H.3    Ishii, H.4
  • 358
    • 0029925369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of α2A- and α2B-adrenergic receptor subtypes in brain
    • Tavares, A., Handy, D.E., Bogdanova, N.N., Rosene, D.L., Gavras, H. (1996) Localization of α2A- and α2B-adrenergic receptor subtypes in brain. Hypertension, 27, 449-455.
    • (1996) Hypertension , vol.27 , pp. 449-455
    • Tavares, A.1    Handy, D.E.2    Bogdanova, N.N.3    Rosene, D.L.4    Gavras, H.5
  • 359
    • 0026014604 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus projections to the dorsal motor vagus nucleus in the rat
    • Ter Horst, G.J., Toes, G.J., Van Willigen, J.D. (1991) Locus coeruleus projections to the dorsal motor vagus nucleus in the rat. Neuroscience, 45, 153-160.
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.45 , pp. 153-160
    • Ter Horst, G.J.1    Toes, G.J.2    Van Willigen, J.D.3
  • 360
    • 0028168403 scopus 로고
    • Regionally specific changes in extracellular noradrenaline following chronic idazoxan as revealed by in vivo microdialysis
    • Thomas, D.N., Nutt, D., Holman, R.B. (1994) Regionally specific changes in extracellular noradrenaline following chronic idazoxan as revealed by in vivo microdialysis. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 261, 53-57.
    • (1994) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.261 , pp. 53-57
    • Thomas, D.N.1    Nutt, D.2    Holman, R.B.3
  • 361
    • 0037468093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pontine sources of norepinephrine in the cat cochlear nucleus
    • Thompson, A.M. (2003) Pontine sources of norepinephrine in the cat cochlear nucleus. J. Comp. Neurol., 457, 374-383.
    • (2003) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.457 , pp. 374-383
    • Thompson, A.M.1
  • 362
    • 0035119687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy
    • Thorpy, M. (2001) Current concepts in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy. Sleep Med., 2, 5-17.
    • (2001) Sleep Med , vol.2 , pp. 5-17
    • Thorpy, M.1
  • 363
    • 0027495688 scopus 로고
    • Alterations of locus coeruleus noradrenergic activity in relation to pituitary secretion after hemorrhage in cats
    • Thrivikraman, K.V., Plotsky, P.M., Gann, D.S. (1993) Alterations of locus coeruleus noradrenergic activity in relation to pituitary secretion after hemorrhage in cats. Neurosci. Lett., 161, 85-88.
    • (1993) Neurosci. Lett , vol.161 , pp. 85-88
    • Thrivikraman, K.V.1    Plotsky, P.M.2    Gann, D.S.3
  • 364
    • 0016269436 scopus 로고
    • Detailed noradrenaline pathways of locus coeruleus neuron to the cerebral cortex with use of 6-hydroxydopa
    • Tohyama, M., Maeda, T., Shimizu, N. (1974) Detailed noradrenaline pathways of locus coeruleus neuron to the cerebral cortex with use of 6-hydroxydopa. Brain Res., 79, 139-144.
    • (1974) Brain Res , vol.79 , pp. 139-144
    • Tohyama, M.1    Maeda, T.2    Shimizu, N.3
  • 365
    • 18544410310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lacrimal preganglionic neurons form a subdivision of the superior salivatory nucleus of rat: Transneuronal labelling by pseudorabies virus
    • Tóth, I.E., Boldogkoi,. Z., Medveczky, I., Palkovits, M. (1999) Lacrimal preganglionic neurons form a subdivision of the superior salivatory nucleus of rat: transneuronal labelling by pseudorabies virus. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 77, 45-54.
    • (1999) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.77 , pp. 45-54
    • Tóth, I.E.1    Boldogkoi, Z.2    Medveczky, I.3    Palkovits, M.4
  • 366
    • 0018424078 scopus 로고
    • Raphe unit activity in freely moving cats: Correlation with level of behavioural arousal
    • Trulson, M.E., Jacobs, B.L. (1979) Raphe unit activity in freely moving cats: correlation with level of behavioural arousal. Brain Res., 163, 135-150.
    • (1979) Brain Res , vol.163 , pp. 135-150
    • Trulson, M.E.1    Jacobs, B.L.2
  • 367
    • 0345714743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coeruleotrigeminal inhibition of nociceptive processing in the rat trigeminal subnucleus caudalis
    • Tsuruoka, M., Matsutani, K., Maeda, M., Inoue, T. (2003) Coeruleotrigeminal inhibition of nociceptive processing in the rat trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. Brain Res., 993, 146-153.
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.993 , pp. 146-153
    • Tsuruoka, M.1    Matsutani, K.2    Maeda, M.3    Inoue, T.4
  • 369
    • 0015164043 scopus 로고
    • Stereotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain
    • Ungerstedt, U. (1971) Stereotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain. Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl., 367, 1-49.
    • (1971) Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl , vol.367 , pp. 1-49
    • Ungerstedt, U.1
  • 370
    • 0021396341 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of alpha 2 agonist binding sites in the rat and human central nervous system: Analysis of some functional, anatomic correlates of the pharmacologic effects of clonidine and related adrenergic agents
    • Unnerstall, J.R., Kopajtic, T.A., Kuhar, M.J. (1984) Distribution of alpha 2 agonist binding sites in the rat and human central nervous system: analysis of some functional, anatomic correlates of the pharmacologic effects of clonidine and related adrenergic agents. Brain Res., 319, 69-101.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.319 , pp. 69-101
    • Unnerstall, J.R.1    Kopajtic, T.A.2    Kuhar, M.J.3
  • 371
    • 0023851528 scopus 로고
    • Morphine effects on locus cocruleus neurons are dependent on the state of arousal and availability of external stimuli: Studies in anesthetized and unanesthetized rats
    • Valentino, R.J., Webby, R.G. (1988) Morphine effects on locus cocruleus neurons are dependent on the state of arousal and availability of external stimuli: studies in anesthetized and unanesthetized rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 244, 1178-1186.
    • (1988) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.244 , pp. 1178-1186
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Webby, R.G.2
  • 372
    • 0032167532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological substrates underlying opioid, epinephrine and γ-aminobutyric acid inhibitory actions in the rat locus coeruleus
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J. (1998) Morphological substrates underlying opioid, epinephrine and γ-aminobutyric acid inhibitory actions in the rat locus coeruleus. Brain Res. Bull., 47, 1-15.
    • (1998) Brain Res. Bull , vol.47 , pp. 1-15
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1
  • 373
    • 0026691250 scopus 로고
    • Collateralized projections from neurons in the rostral medulla to the nucleus locus coeruleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract and the periaqueductal gray
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J., Aston-Jones, G. (1992) Collateralized projections from neurons in the rostral medulla to the nucleus locus coeruleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract and the periaqueductal gray. Neuroscience, 49, 653-668.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.49 , pp. 653-668
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 374
    • 0029808868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mu- opioid receptor is located on the plasma membrane of dendrites that receive asymmetric synapses from axon terminals containang leucine-enkephalin in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J., Colago, E.E., Moriwaki, A., Uhl, G.R. (1996) Mu- opioid receptor is located on the plasma membrane of dendrites that receive asymmetric synapses from axon terminals containang leucine-enkephalin in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus. J. Comp. Neurol., 376, 65-74.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.376 , pp. 65-74
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Colago, E.E.2    Moriwaki, A.3    Uhl, G.R.4
  • 375
    • 0031668878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amygdaloid corticotrophin-releasing factor targets locus coerulcus dendrites: Substrate for the co-ordination of emotional and cognitive limbs of the stress response
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J., Colago, E.E.O., Valentino, R.J. (1998) Amygdaloid corticotrophin-releasing factor targets locus coerulcus dendrites: substrate for the co-ordination of emotional and cognitive limbs of the stress response. J. Neurosci., 10, 743-757.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 743-757
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Colago, E.E.O.2    Valentino, R.J.3
  • 376
    • 0024820863 scopus 로고
    • Diverse afferents converge on the nucleus paragigantocellularis in the rat ventrolateral medulla: Retrograde and anterograde tracing studies
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J., Pieribone, V.A., Aston-Jones, G. (1989) Diverse afferents converge on the nucleus paragigantocellularis in the rat ventrolateral medulla: retrograde and anterograde tracing studies. J. Comp. Neurol., 290, 561-584.
    • (1989) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.290 , pp. 561-584
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Pieribone, V.A.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 377
    • 0020026556 scopus 로고
    • The magnocellular and parvocellular paraventricular nucleus of rat: Intrinsic organization
    • Van den Pol, A.N. (1982) The magnocellular and parvocellular paraventricular nucleus of rat: intrinsic organization. J. Comp. Neurol., 206, 317-345.
    • (1982) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.206 , pp. 317-345
    • Van den Pol, A.N.1
  • 378
    • 0019303119 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular studies showing modulation of facial motoneurone excitability by serotonin
    • VanderMaelen, C.P., Aghajanian, G.K. (1980) Intracellular studies showing modulation of facial motoneurone excitability by serotonin. Nature, 287, 346-347.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.287 , pp. 346-347
    • VanderMaelen, C.P.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 379
    • 0019362189 scopus 로고
    • The central noradrenergic transmission and the locus coerulcus: A review of the data, and their implications for neurotransmission and neuromodulation
    • Van Dongen, P.A. (1981) The central noradrenergic transmission and the locus coerulcus: a review of the data, and their implications for neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Prog. Neurobiol., 16, 117-143.
    • (1981) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.16 , pp. 117-143
    • Van Dongen, P.A.1
  • 380
    • 0030843443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus cocruleus noradrenergic system in the rat brain studied by dual-probe microdialysis
    • Van Gaalen, M., Kawahara, H., Kawahara, Y., Westerink, B.H.C. (1997) The locus cocruleus noradrenergic system in the rat brain studied by dual-probe microdialysis. Brain Res., 763, 56-62.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.763 , pp. 56-62
    • Van Gaalen, M.1    Kawahara, H.2    Kawahara, Y.3    Westerink, B.H.C.4
  • 381
    • 33644938379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of the neurons active during paradoxical (REM) sleep and projecting to the locus coerulcus noradrenergic neurons in the rat
    • Verret, L., Fort, P., Gervasoni, D., Léger, L., Luppi, P.-H. (2006) Localization of the neurons active during paradoxical (REM) sleep and projecting to the locus coerulcus noradrenergic neurons in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 495, 573-586.
    • (2006) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.495 , pp. 573-586
    • Verret, L.1    Fort, P.2    Gervasoni, D.3    Léger, L.4    Luppi, P.-H.5
  • 382
    • 0028078570 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the dorsal raphe nucleus to the brainstern: PHA-L analysis in the rat
    • Vertes, R.P., Kocsis, B. (1994) Projections of the dorsal raphe nucleus to the brainstern: PHA-L analysis in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol., 340, 11-26.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.340 , pp. 11-26
    • Vertes, R.P.1    Kocsis, B.2
  • 383
    • 0034883786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α1B receptors are the main postsynaptic mediators of adrenergic excitation in brain-stem motoneurons, a single-cell RT-PCR study
    • Volgin, D.V., Mackiewicz, M., Kubin, L. (2001) α1B receptors are the main postsynaptic mediators of adrenergic excitation in brain-stem motoneurons, a single-cell RT-PCR study. J. Chem. Neuroanat., 22, 157-166.
    • (2001) J. Chem. Neuroanat , vol.22 , pp. 157-166
    • Volgin, D.V.1    Mackiewicz, M.2    Kubin, L.3
  • 384
    • 0024597582 scopus 로고
    • The amygdalo-brainstem pathway: Selective innervation of dopaminergic, noradrenergic and adrenergic cells in the rat
    • Wallace, D.M., Magnuson, D.J., Gray, T.S. (1989) The amygdalo-brainstem pathway: selective innervation of dopaminergic, noradrenergic and adrenergic cells in the rat. Neurosci. Lett., 97, 252-258.
    • (1989) Neurosci. Lett , vol.97 , pp. 252-258
    • Wallace, D.M.1    Magnuson, D.J.2    Gray, T.S.3
  • 385
    • 0017225775 scopus 로고
    • Locus coerulcus complex: Elicitation of a pressor response and a brain stem region necessary for its occurrence
    • Ward, D.G., Gunn, C.G. (1976) Locus coerulcus complex: elicitation of a pressor response and a brain stem region necessary for its occurrence. Brain Res., 107, 401-406.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.107 , pp. 401-406
    • Ward, D.G.1    Gunn, C.G.2
  • 386
    • 0021369711 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar noradrenaline depletion and impaired acquisition of specific locomotor tasks in rats
    • Watson, M., McElligott, J.G. (1984) Cerebellar noradrenaline depletion and impaired acquisition of specific locomotor tasks in rats. Brain Res., 296, 129-138.
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.296 , pp. 129-138
    • Watson, M.1    McElligott, J.G.2
  • 387
  • 388
    • 0019288560 scopus 로고
    • Descending projections of the locus cocrulcus and subcocruleus/medial parabrachial nuclei in monkey: Axonal transport studies and dopamine-beta-bydroxylase immunocytochemistry
    • Westlund, K.N., Coulter, J.D. (1980) Descending projections of the locus cocrulcus and subcocruleus/medial parabrachial nuclei in monkey: axonal transport studies and dopamine-beta-bydroxylase immunocytochemistry. Brain Res., 2, 235-264.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.2 , pp. 235-264
    • Westlund, K.N.1    Coulter, J.D.2
  • 390
    • 0025748881 scopus 로고
    • Norepinephrine effects on spinal motoneurons
    • White, S.R., Fung, S.J., Barnes, C.D. (1991) Norepinephrine effects on spinal motoneurons. Prog. Brain Res., 88, 343-350.
    • (1991) Prog. Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 343-350
    • White, S.R.1    Fung, S.J.2    Barnes, C.D.3
  • 391
    • 0023101464 scopus 로고
    • Projections between the hypothalamus and the dorsal vagal complex in the cat: An HRP and autoradiographic study
    • Willett, C.J., Rutherford, J.G., Gwyn, D.J., Leslie, R.A. (1987) Projections between the hypothalamus and the dorsal vagal complex in the cat: an HRP and autoradiographic study. Brain Res. Bull., 18, 63-71.
    • (1987) Brain Res. Bull , vol.18 , pp. 63-71
    • Willett, C.J.1    Rutherford, J.G.2    Gwyn, D.J.3    Leslie, R.A.4
  • 392
    • 0023153808 scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of regional vascular resistance by the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla in the rat
    • Willette, R.N., Punnen-Grandy, S., Krieger, A.J., Sapru, H.N. (1987) Differential regulation of regional vascular resistance by the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla in the rat. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst., 18, 143-151.
    • (1987) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst , vol.18 , pp. 143-151
    • Willette, R.N.1    Punnen-Grandy, S.2    Krieger, A.J.3    Sapru, H.N.4
  • 393
    • 0021923603 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of alpha 2- adrenoceptors which increase potassium conductance in rat locus coeruleus neurones
    • Williams, J.T., Henderson, G., North, R.A. (1985) Characterization of alpha 2- adrenoceptors which increase potassium conductance in rat locus coeruleus neurones. Neuroscience, 14, 95-101.
    • (1985) Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 95-101
    • Williams, J.T.1    Henderson, G.2    North, R.A.3
  • 394
    • 0022002470 scopus 로고
    • catecholamine inhibition of calcium action potentials in rat locus coendeus neumnes
    • Williams, J.T., North, R.A. (1985) catecholamine inhibition of calcium action potentials in rat locus coendeus neumnes. Neuroscience, 14, 103-109.
    • (1985) Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 103-109
    • Williams, J.T.1    North, R.A.2
  • 395
    • 2642519680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine, learning and motivation
    • Wise, R.A. (2004) Dopamine, learning and motivation. Nat Rev. Neurosci., 5, 483-494.
    • (2004) Nat Rev. Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 483-494
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 396
  • 401
    • 0028176135 scopus 로고
    • Autoradiographic distribution of [3H]YM-09151-2, a high-affinity and selective antagonist ligand for the dopamine D2 receptor group, in the rat brain and spinal cord
    • Yokoyama, C., Okamura, H., Nakajima, T., Taguchi, J., Ibata, Y. (1994) Autoradiographic distribution of [3H]YM-09151-2, a high-affinity and selective antagonist ligand for the dopamine D2 receptor group, in the rat brain and spinal cord. J. Comp. Neurol., 344, 121-136.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.344 , pp. 121-136
    • Yokoyama, C.1    Okamura, H.2    Nakajima, T.3    Taguchi, J.4    Ibata, Y.5
  • 402
    • 0022371316 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline mediates slow excitatory synaptic potentials in rat dorsal raphe neurons in vitro
    • Yoshimura, M., Higashi, H., Nishi, S. (1985) Noradrenaline mediates slow excitatory synaptic potentials in rat dorsal raphe neurons in vitro. Neurosci. Lett., 61, 305-310.
    • (1985) Neurosci. Lett , vol.61 , pp. 305-310
    • Yoshimura, M.1    Higashi, H.2    Nishi, S.3
  • 403
    • 0025071222 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor-mediated excitation from the locus coerulcus of the sacral parasympathetic preganglionic neuron
    • Yoshimura, N., Sasa, M., Yoshida, O., Takaori, S. (1990) Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor-mediated excitation from the locus coerulcus of the sacral parasympathetic preganglionic neuron, Life Sci., 47, 789-797.
    • (1990) Life Sci , vol.47 , pp. 789-797
    • Yoshimura, N.1    Sasa, M.2    Yoshida, O.3    Takaori, S.4
  • 404
    • 0019224027 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic α1 and α2 receptors: Light microscopic autoradiographic localization
    • Young, W.S., Kuhar, M.J. (1980) Noradrenergic α1 and α2 receptors: light microscopic autoradiographic localization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 1696-1700.
    • (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.77 , pp. 1696-1700
    • Young, W.S.1    Kuhar, M.J.2
  • 405
    • 0019159163 scopus 로고
    • origin of the preganglionic visceral efferent fibers to the glands in the rat tongue as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase method
    • Yu, W.H., Srinivasan, R. (1980) origin of the preganglionic visceral efferent fibers to the glands in the rat tongue as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase method. Neurosci. Lett., 19, 141-148.
    • (1980) Neurosci. Lett , vol.19 , pp. 141-148
    • Yu, W.H.1    Srinivasan, R.2
  • 406
    • 0027515384 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine-cholinergic interaction in the basal forebrain
    • Zaborszky, L., Cullinan, W.E., Luine, V.N. (1993) Catecholamine-cholinergic interaction in the basal forebrain. Prog. Brain Res., 98, 31-49.
    • (1993) Prog. Brain Res , vol.98 , pp. 31-49
    • Zaborszky, L.1    Cullinan, W.E.2    Luine, V.N.3
  • 407
    • 0027253966 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic projections to the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata to identified sympathetic preganglionic neurons
    • Zagon, A., Smith, A.D. (1993) Monosynaptic projections to the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata to identified sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Neuroscience, 54, 729-743.
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.54 , pp. 729-743
    • Zagon, A.1    Smith, A.D.2
  • 409
    • 0032536564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus modulates thalamic nociceptive responses via adrenoceptors
    • Zhang, C., Guo, Y.-Q., Qiao, J.-T., Dafny, N. (1998) Locus coeruleus modulates thalamic nociceptive responses via adrenoceptors. Brain Res., 784, 116-122.
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.784 , pp. 116-122
    • Zhang, C.1    Guo, Y.-Q.2    Qiao, J.-T.3    Dafny, N.4
  • 410
    • 0031595268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-adrenoceptors modulate NMDA-evoked responses of neurons in superficial and deeper dorsal horn of the medulla
    • 2-adrenoceptors modulate NMDA-evoked responses of neurons in superficial and deeper dorsal horn of the medulla. J. Neurophysiol., 80, 2210-2214.
    • (1998) J. Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 2210-2214
    • Zhang, K.-M.1    Wang, X.-M.2    Peterson, A.M.3    Chen, W.-Y.4    Mokha, S.S.5
  • 411
    • 0029348838 scopus 로고
    • Descending projections from the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus to the spinal cord: Anterograde tracing study in the rat
    • Zheng, J.Q., Seki, M., Hayakawa, T., Itó, H., Zyo, K. (1995) Descending projections from the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus to the spinal cord: anterograde tracing study in the rat. Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn., 72, 119-135.
    • (1995) Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn , vol.72 , pp. 119-135
    • Zheng, J.Q.1    Seki, M.2    Hayakawa, T.3    Itó, H.4    Zyo, K.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.