Sleep and arousal: Thalamocortical mechanisms

Annual Review of Neuroscience

Volumn 20, Issue , 1997, Pages 185-215

  McCormick, David A ^a   Bal, Thierry ^a,b  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

ascending activation; cortex; epilepsy; spindle waves; thalamus

Indexed keywords

AROUSAL; CELL INTERACTION; COGNITION; DELTA RHYTHM; EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; HUMAN; INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; NERVE CELL EXCITABILITY; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REM SLEEP; REVIEW; SENSORY NERVE CONDUCTION; SLEEP SPINDLE; SLEEP WAKING CYCLE; SLOW BRAIN WAVE; THALAMOCORTICAL TRACT;

ANIMALS; AROUSAL; SLEEP; THALAMUS;

EID: 0031057655     PISSN: 0147006X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.185     Document Type: Review

References (121)

1. Ahlsén G, Lindström S, Lo F-S. 1984. Inhibition from the brain stem of inhibitory interneurones of the cat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Physiol. 347:593-609
2. Amzica F, Steriade M. 1995a. Short- and long-range neuronal synchronization of the slow (<1Hz) cortical oscillation. J. Neurophysiol. 73:20-38
3. Amzica F, Steriade M. 1995b. Disconnection of intracortical synaptic linkages disrupts synchronization of a slow oscillation. J. Neurosci. 15:4658-77
4. Andersen P, Andersson SA. 1968. Physiological Basis of the Alpha Rhythm. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts
5. Avanzini G, de Curtis M, Panzica F, Spreafico R. 1989. intrinsic properties of nucleus reticularis thalami neurones of the rat studied in vitro. J. Physiol. 416:111-22
6. Avoli M, Gloor P, Kostopoulos G. 1990. Thalamocortical relationships in generalized epilepsy with bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharge. In Generalized Epilepsy. Neurobiological Approaches, ed. M Avoli, P Gloor, G Kostopoulos, R Naquet, pp. 190-212. Boston: Birkhauser
7. Bal T, McCormick DA. 1993. Ionic mechanisms of rhythmic burst firing and tonic activity in the nucleus reticularis thalami, a mammalian pacemaker. J. Physiol. 468:669-91
8. Bal T, McCormick DA. 1995. A mechanism for the waning of thalamic spindle and "absence-seizure like" oscillations in vitro. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 21:11
9. Bal T, McCormick DA. 1996. What stops synchronized thalamocortical oscillations? Neuron. 17:297-308
10. Bal T, von Krosigk M, McCormick DA. 1995a. Synaptic and membrane mechanisms underlying synchronized oscillations in the ferret LGNd in vitro. J. Physiol. 483.3:641-63
11. Bal T, von Krosigk M, McCormick DA. 1995b. Role of the ferret perigeniculate nucleus in the generation of synchronized oscillations in vitro. J. Physiol. 483.3:665-85
12. Bremer F. 1938. Líactivité électrique de líécorce cérébrale et le problème physiologique du sommeil. Boll. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper. 13:271-90
13. Buzsáki G, Bickford RG, Ponomareff G, Thal LJ, Mandel R, Gage FH. 1988. Nucleus basalis and thalamic control of neocortical activity in the freely moving rat. J. Neurosci. 8:4007-26
14. Buzsáki G, Smith A, Berger S, Fisher LJ, Gage FH. 1990. Petit mal epilepsy and Parkinsonian tremor: hypothesis of a common pacemaker. Neuroscience 36:1-14
15. Caton R. 1887. Researches on electrical phenomena of cerebral grey matter. 9th Int. Congr. Med. 3:246
16. Contreras D, Curró Dossi R, Steriade M. 1993. Electrophysiological properties of cat reticular thalamic neurones in vivo. J. Physiol. 470:273-94
17. Contreras D, Steriade M. 1995. Cellular basis of EEG slow rhythms: A study of dynamic corticothalamic relationships. J. Neurosci. 15:604-22
18. Contreras D, Steriade M. 1996. Spindle oscillation: the role of corticothalamic feedback in a thalamically generated rhythm. J. Physiol. 490:159-79
19. Coulter DA, Huguenard JR, Prince DA. 1989. Calcium currents in rat thalamocortical relay neurones, kinetic properties of the transient, low-threshold current. J. Physiol. 414:587-604
20. + conductance. J. Neurophysiol. 74:990-1000
21. +-dependent inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked by intemeurons of the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Physiol. 399:153-76
22. B receptors in excitation and inhibition of thalamocortical cells. Trends Neurosci. 14:16-21
23. 2+ potentials in cells of the cat and rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Physiol. 413:543-61
24. Cucchiaro JB, Uhlrich RJ, Sherman SM. 1991. An electron-microscopic analysis of synaptic input from the perigeniculate nucleus to the A-laminae of the lateral geniculate nucleus in cats. J. Comp. Neurol. 310:316-36
25. Curro Dossi R, Nunez A, Steriade M. 1992a. Electrophysiology of a slow (0.5-4 Hz) intrinsic oscillation of cat thalamocortical neurones in vivo. J. Physiol. 447:215-34
26. Curro Dossi R, Paré D, Steriade M. 1991. Short lasting nicotinic and long-lasting muscarinic depolarizing responses of thalamocortical neurons to stimulation of mesopontine cholinergic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 65:393-406
27. Curró Dossi R, Paré D, Steriade M. 1992b. Various types of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in anterior thalamic cells are differentially altered by stimulation of laterodorsal tegmental cholinergic nucleus. Neuroscience 47:279-89
28. De Curtis M, Spreafico R, Avanzini G. 1989. Excitatory amino acids mediate responses elicited in vitro by stimulation of cortical afferents to reticularis thalami neurons of the rat. Neuroscience 33:275-83
29. Deschênes M, Hu B. 1990a. Electrophysiology and pharmacology of the corticothalamic input to lateral thalamic nuclei, an intracellular study in the cat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2:140-52
30. Deschênes M, Hu B. 1990b. Membrane resistance increase induced in thalamic neurons by stimulation of brainstem cholinergic afferents. Brain Res. 513:339-42
31. Deschênes M, Madariaga-Domich A, Steriade M. 1985. Dendrodendritic synapses in cat reticularis thalami nucleus, a structural basis for thalamic spindle synchronization. Brain Res. 334:169-71
32. Deschênes M, Paradis M, Roy JP, Steriade M. 1984. Electrophysiology of neurons of lateral thalamic nuclei in cat, resting membrane properties and burst discharges. J. Neurophysiol 51:1196-19
33. Destexhe A, Babloyantz A, Sejnowski TJ. 1993a. Ionic mechanisms for intrinsic slow oscillations in thalamic relay neurons. Biophys. J. 65:1538-52
34. Destexhe A, Contreras D, Steriade M, Sejnowski TJ, Huguenard JR. 1996. In vivo, in vitro and computational analysis of dendritic calcium currents in thalamic reticular neurons. J Neurosci. 16:169-85
35. Destexhe A, McCormick DA, Sejnowski TJ. 1993b. A model for 8-10 Hz spindling in interconnected thalamic relay and reticularis neurons. Biophys. J. 65:2474-78
36. Domich L, Oakson G, Steriade M. 1986. Thalamic burst patterns in the naturally sleeping cat: a comparison between cortically projecting and reticularis neurones. J. Physiol. 379:429-49
37. Felleman DJ, Van Essen DC. 1991. Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb. Cortex 1:1-47
38. Francesconi W, Muller CM, Singer W. 1988. Cholinergic mechanisms in the reticular control of transmission in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Neurophysiol. 59:1690-718
39. ++ of the hyperpolarization activated inward current in rabbit single sinoatrial node cells. J. Physiol. 409:121-41
40. Hernandez-Crus A, Pape H-C. 1989. Identification of two calcium currents in acutely dissociated neurons from the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Neurophysiol. 61:1270-83
41. Hirsch JC, Fourment A, Marc ME. 1983. Sleep-related variations of membrane potential in the lateral geniculate body relay neurons of the cat. Brain Res. 259:308-12
42. Hosford DA, Clark S, Cao Z, Wilson WA, Lin F-h, et al. 1992. The role of GABA-B receptor activation in absence seizures of lethargic (lh/lh) mice. Science 257:398-401
43. Hu B, Steriade M, Deschênes M. 1989a. The effects of brainstem peribrachial stimulation on perigeniculate neurons, the block of spindle waves. Neuroscience 31:1-12
44. Hu B, Steriade M, Deschênes M. 1989b. The effects of brainstem peribrachial stimulation on neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuroscience 31:13-24
45. Huguenard JR, McCormick DA. 1992. Simulation of the currents involved in rhythmic oscillations in thalamic relay neurons. J. Neumphysiol. 68:1373-83
46. 2+-dependent burst firing in GABAergic neurons of rat thalamic reticular nucleus. J. Neurosci. 12:3804-17
47. Huguenard JR, Prince DA. 1994. Intrathalamic rhythmicity studied in vitro, nominal T current modulation causes robust antioscillatory effects. J. Neurosci. 14:5485-502
48. Ide LS. 1982. The fine structure of the perigeniculate nucleus in the cat. J. Comp. Neural. 210:317-34
49. Jahnsen H, Llinás R. 1984a. Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurons, an in vitro study. J Physiol. 349:205-26
50. Jahnsen H, Llinás R. 1984b. Ionic basis for the electroresponsiveness and oscillatory properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurons in vitro. J. Physiol. 349:227-47
51. Jones EG. 1985. The Thalamus. New York: Plenum
52. Jouvet M. 1962. Recherches sur les structures nerveuses et les mécanismes responsables des différentes phases du sommeil physiologique. Arch. Ital. Biol. 100:125-206
53. Kayama Y. 1985. Ascending, descending and local control of neuronal activity in the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. Vision Res. 25:339-47
54. Kellaway P. 1985. Sleep and epilepsy. Epilepsia 26:S15-S30
55. Kim U, Bal T, McCormick DA. 1995. Spindle waves are propagating synchronized oscillations in the ferret LGNd in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 74:1301-23
56. Lee K, McCormick DA. 1996a. Modulation of spindle oscillations by acetylcholine, cholecystokinin, and 1S, 3R-ACPD in the ferret lateral geniculate and perigeniculate nuclei in vitro. Neuroscience. In press
57. Lee K, McCormick DA. 1996b. Abolition of spindle oscillations by serotonin and norepinephrine in the ferret lateral geniculate and perigeniculate nuclei in vitro. Neuron 17:309-21
58. Lee K, McCormick DA. 1995. Acetylcholine excites GABAergic neurons of the ferret perigeniculate nucleus through nicotinic receptors. J. Neurophysiol. 73:2123-28
59. Leresche N, Lightowler S, Soltesz I, Jassik-Gerschenfeld D, Crunelli V. 1991. Low frequency oscillatory activities intrinsic to rat and cat thalamocortical cells. J. Physiol. 441:155-74
60. Liu X-B, Warren RA, Jones EG. 1995. Synaptic distribution of afferents from reticular nucleus in ventroposterior nucleus of cat thalamus. J. Comp. Neurol. 352:187-202
61. B neurotransmission in the control of absence seizures in the rat. Neuroscience 48:87-93
62. Livingstone MS, Hubel DH. 1981. Effects of sleep and arousal on the processing of visual information in the cat. Nature 291:554-61
63. McCarley RW, Benoit O, Barrionuevo G. 1983. Lateral geniculate nucleus unitary discharge in sleep and waking, state- and rate-specific aspects. J. Neurophysiol. 50:798-818
64. McCormick DA. 1991. Cellular mechanisms underlying cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation of neuronal firing mode in the cat and guinea pig dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. J. Neurosci. 12:278-89
65. McCormick DA. 1992. Neurotransmitter actions in the thalamus and cerebral cortex and their role in neuromodulation of thalamocortical activity. Prog. Neurobiol. 39:337-88
66. McCormick DA, Feeser HR. 1990. Functional implications of burst firing and single spike activity lateral geniculate relay neurons. Neuroscience 39:103-13
67. McCormick DA, Huguenard JR. 1992. A model of the electrophysiological properties of thalamocortical relay neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 68:1384-400
68. McCormick DA, Pape H-C. 1988. Acetylcholine inhibits identified interneurons in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. Nature 334:246-48
69. McCormick DA, Pape H-C. 1990a. Properties of a hyperpolarization-activated cation current and its role in rhythmic oscillation in thalamic relay neurons. J. Physiol. 431:291-318
70. McCormick DA, Pape H-C. 1990b. Noradrenergic and serotonergic modulation of a hyperpolarization-activated cation current in thalamic relay neurons. J. Physiol. 431:319-42
71. McCormick DA, Prince DA. 1986a. Mechanisms of action of acetylcholine in the guinea-pig cerebral cortex in vitro. J. Physiol. 375:169-94
72. McCormick DA, Prince DA. 1986b. Acetylcholine induces burst firing in thalamic reticular neurones by activating a potassium conductance. Nature 319:402-5
73. McCormick DA, Prince DA. 1987. Actions of acetylcholine in the guinea-pig and cat medial and lateral geniculate nuclei, in vitro. J. Physiol. 392:147-65
74. McCormick DA, Prince DA. 1988. Noradrenergic modulation of firing pattern in guinea pig and cat thalamic neurons, in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 59:978-96
75. McCormick DA, von Krosigk M. 1992. Corticothalamic activation modulates thalamic firing through activation of glutamate metabotropic receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:2774-78
76. McCormick DA, Wang Z. 1991. Serotonin and noradrenaline excite GABAergic neurones of the guinea pig and cat thalamic reticular nucleus. J. Physiol. 442:235-55
77. McCormick DA, Wang Z, Huguenard JR. 1993. Neurotransmitter control of neocortical neuronal activity and excitability. Cereb. Cortex 3:387-98
78. McCormick DA, Williamson A. 1989. Convergence and divergence of neurotransmitter action in human cerebral cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:8098-102
79. McCormick DA, Williamson A. 1991. Modulation of neuronal firing mode in Cat and Guinea Pig LGNd by histamine. Possible cellular mechanisms of histaminergic control of arousal. J. Neurosci. 11:3188-99
80. Moruzzi G, Magoun HW. 1949. Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 1:455-73
81. Mulle C, Madariage A, Deschênes M. 1986. Morphology and electrophysiological properties of reticularis thalami neurons in cat, in vivo study of a thalamic pacemaker. J. Neurosci. 6:2134-45
82. Niedermeyer E. 1993. Sleep and EEG. In Electroencephalograph. Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields, ed. E Niedermeyer, F Lopes Da Silva, pp. 153-66. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 3rd ed.
83. Pape H-C. 1992. Adenosine promotes burst activity in guinea pig geniculocortical neurones through two different ionic mechanisms. J. Physiol. 447:729-53
84. Pape H-C, Mager R. 1992. Nitric oxide con-trols oscillatory activity in thalamocortical neurons. Neuron 9:441-48
85. Pape H-C, McCormick DA. 1995. Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of interneurons in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuroscience 68:1105-25
86. Pinault D, Bourassa J, Deschênes M. 1995a. The axonal arborization of single thalamic reticular neurons in the somatosensory thalamus of the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 7:31-40
87. Pinault D, Bourassa J, Deschênes M. 1995b. Thalamic reticular input to the rat visual thalamus: a single fiber study using biocytin as an anterograde tracer. Brain Res. 670:147-52
88. Pinault D, Deschênes M. 1992a. Control of 40-Hz firing of reticular thalamic cells by neurotransmitters. Neuroscience 51:259-68
89. Pinault D, Deschênes M. 1992b. Muscarinic inhibition of reticular thalamic cells by basal forebrain neurones. Neuroreport 3:1101-4
90. Roy JP, Clercq M, Steriade M, Deschênes M. 1984. Electrophysiology of neurons of lateral thalamic nuclei in cat: mechanisms of long-lasting hyperpolarizations. J. Neurophysiol. 51:1220-35
91. Sanchez-Vives MV, Bal T, McCormick DA. 1995. Properties of GABAergic inhibition in the ferret LGNd contributing to the generation of synchronized oscillations. Soc. Neumsci. Abst. 21:11
92. Scharfman HE, Lu S-M, Guido W, Adams PR, Sherman SM. 1990. N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors contribute to excitatory postsynaptic potentials of cat lateral geniculate neurons recorded in thalamic slices. Proc. Narl. Acad. Sci. 87:4548-52
93. Shosaku A, Kayama Y, Sumitomo I, Sugitani M, Iwama K. 1989. Analysis of recurrent inhibitory circuit in rat thalamus: neurophysiology of the thalamic reticular nucleus. Prog. Neurobiol. 32:77-102
94. Snead OC. 1992. Evidence for GABA-B mediated mechanisms in experimental generalized absence seizures. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 213:343-49
95. A and pre-and post-synaptic GABAβ receptor-mediated responses in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Prog. Brain Res. 90:151-69
96. Soltesz I, Lightowler S, Leresche N, Jassik-Gerschenfeld D, Pollard CE, Crunelli V. 1991. Two inward currents and the transformation of low frequency oscillations of rat and cat thalamocortical cells. J. Physiol 441:175-97
97. Steriade M. 1993. Cellular substrates of brain rhythms. In Electroencephalograph. Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields, ed. E Niedermeyer, F Lopes Da Silva, pp. 27-62. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 3rd ed.
98. Steriade M, Amzica F, Nunez A. 1993a. Cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation of the slow (approximately 0.3 Hz) oscillation in neocortical cells. J. Neurophysiol. 70:1385-400
99. Steriade M, Contreras D, Amzica F. 1994. Synchronized sleep oscillations and their paroxysmal developments. Trends Neurosci. 17:199-208
100. Steriade M, Contreras D, Curró Dossi R, Nunez A. 1993b. The slow (<1 Hz) oscillation in reticular thalamic and thalamocortical neurons. Scenario of sleep rhythms generation in interacting thalamic and neocortical networks. J. Neurosci. 13:3284-99
101. Steriade M, Deschênes M. 1984. The thalamus as a neuronal oscillator. Brain Res. Rev. 8:1-63
102. Steriade M, Deschênes M, Domich L, Mulle C. 1985. Abolition of spindle oscillations in thalamic neurons disconnected from nucleus reticularis thalami. J. Neurophysiol. 54:1473-97
103. Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G. 1986. Reticularis thalami neurons revisited. Activity changes during shifts in states of vigilance. J. Neurosci. 6:68-81
104. Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G. 1987. The deafferented reticular thalamic nucleus generates spindle rhythmicity. J. Neurophysiol. 57:260-73
105. Steriade M, Llinás RR. 1988. The functional states of the thalamus and the associated neuronal interplay. Physiol. Rev. 68:649-742
106. Steriade M, McCarley RW. 1990. Brainstem Control of Wakefulness and Sleep. New York: Plenum
107. Steriade M, McCormick DA, Sejnowski TJ. 1993c. Thalamocortical oscillations in the sleeping and aroused brain. Science 262:679-85
108. Steriade M, Nunez A, Amzica F. 1993d. A novel slow (<1 Hz) oscillation of neocortical neurons in vivo, depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components. J Neurosci. 13:3252-65
109. Steriade M, Nunez A, Amzica F. 1993e. Intracellular analysis of relations between slow (<1 Hz) neocortical oscillation and other sleep rhythms of the electroencephalogram. J. Neurosci. 13:3266-83
110. Steriade M, Parent A, Hada J. 1984. Thalamic projections of nucleus reticularis thalami of cat, a study using retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and double fluorescent tracers. J Comp. Neurol 229:531-47
111. Thomson AM. 1988. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked in thalamic neurons by stimulation of the reticularis nucleus evoke slow spikes in isolated rat brain slices-1. Neuroscience 25:491-502
112. Toth T, Crunelli V. 1992. Computer simulation of the pacemaker oscillations of thalamocortical cells. Neuroreport 3:65-68
113. Uhlrich DJ, Cucchiaro JB, Humphrey AL, Sherman SM. 1991. Morphology and axonal projection patterns of individual neurons in the cat perigeniculate nucleus. J. Neurophysiol. 65:1528-41
114. Ulrich D, Huguenard JR. 1995. Purinergic inhibition of GABA and glutamate release in the thalamus: implications for thalamic network activity. Neuron 15:909-18
115. von Krosigk M, Bal T, McCormick DA. 1993. Cellular mechanisms of a synchronized oscillation in the thalamus. Science 261:361-64
116. von Krosigk M, McCormick DA. 1992. Mechanisms of frequency dependent facilitation of corticothalamic EPSPs. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 18:140
117. Wang X-J. 1994. Multiple dynamical modes of thalamic relay neurons, rhythmic bursting and intermittent phase-locking. Neuroscience 59:21-31
118. Wang Z, McCormick DA. 1993. Control of firing mode of corticotectal and corticopontine layer V burst generating neurons by norepinephrine, acetylcholine and 1S,3R-ACPD. J. Neurosci. 13:2199-216
119. Warren RA, Agmon A, Jones EG. 1994. Oscillatory synaptic interactions between ventroposterior and reticular neurons in mouse thalamus in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 72:1993-2003
120. White EL, Hersch SM. 1982. A quantitative study of thalamocortical and other synapses involving the apical dendrites of corticothalamic projection cells in mouse Sml cortex. J. Neurocytol. 11:137-57
121. Yen CT, Conley M, Hendry SHC, Jones EG. 1985. The morphology of physiologically identified GABAergic neurons in the somatic sensory part of the thalamic reticular nucleus in the cat. J. Neurosci. 5:2254-68