메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 59-79

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: From clinical recognition to treatment

Author keywords

Etiology; Evaluation; Liver biopsy; Natural history; Nonalcoholic fatty liver; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; Pathogenesis; Prevalence; Treatment

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ASCORBIC ACID; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BETAINE; CLOFIBRATE; FATTY ACID; FERRITIN; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; INSULIN; INSULIN SENSITIZING AGENT; IRON; LEPTIN; METFORMIN; PIOGLITAZONE; PIPENDOXIFENE; PLACEBO; PROTEIN C; RIMONABANT; ROSIGLITAZONE; SIBUTRAMINE; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TROGLITAZONE; URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID;

EID: 49149100817     PISSN: 17474124     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2.1.59     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (17)

References (247)
  • 1
    • 0037129380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (16), 1221-1231 (2002).
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.346 , Issue.16 , pp. 1221-1231
    • Angulo, P.1
  • 2
    • 1642355723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spectrum expanded: Cryptogenic cirrhosis and the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Caldwell SH, Crespo DM. The spectrum expanded: cryptogenic cirrhosis and the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 40(4), 578-584 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Hepatol , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 578-584
    • Caldwell, S.H.1    Crespo, D.M.2
  • 3
    • 0036829092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AGA technical review on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Sanyal AJ. AGA technical review on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 123(5), 1705-1725 (2002).
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , Issue.5 , pp. 1705-1725
    • Sanyal, A.J.1
  • 4
    • 78651041767 scopus 로고
    • The liver in obesity
    • Zelman S. The liver in obesity. AMA Arch. Intern. Med. 90(2), 141-156 (1952).
    • (1952) AMA Arch. Intern. Med , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-156
    • Zelman, S.1
  • 5
    • 0017304551 scopus 로고
    • Liver dysfunction after intestinal bypass
    • Catlin R. Liver dysfunction after intestinal bypass. JAMA 236(15), 1693-1694 (1976).
    • (1976) JAMA , vol.236 , Issue.15 , pp. 1693-1694
    • Catlin, R.1
  • 7
    • 0001412243 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic observations in patients with jejunocolic shunts
    • Payne JH, Dewind LT, Commons RR. Metabolic observations in patients with jejunocolic shunts. Am. J. Surg. 106, 273-289 (1963).
    • (1963) Am. J. Surg , vol.106 , pp. 273-289
    • Payne, J.H.1    Dewind, L.T.2    Commons, R.R.3
  • 8
    • 0018686401 scopus 로고
    • Fatty liver hepatitis and cirrhosis in obese patients
    • Adler M, Schaffner F. Fatty liver hepatitis and cirrhosis in obese patients. Am. J. Med. 67(5), 811-816 (1979).
    • (1979) Am. J. Med , vol.67 , Issue.5 , pp. 811-816
    • Adler, M.1    Schaffner, F.2
  • 10
    • 0016750096 scopus 로고
    • Relation of steatosis to cirrhosis
    • Thaler H. Relation of steatosis to cirrhosis. Clin. Gastroenterol., 4(2), 273-280 (1975).
    • (1975) Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 273-280
    • Thaler, H.1
  • 11
    • 0018841124 scopus 로고
    • Pericentral hepatic fibrosis and intracellular hyalin in diabetes mellitus
    • Falchuk KR, Fiske SC, Haggitt RC, Federman M, Trey C. Pericentral hepatic fibrosis and intracellular hyalin in diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology 78(3), 535-541 (1980).
    • (1980) Gastroenterology , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 535-541
    • Falchuk, K.R.1    Fiske, S.C.2    Haggitt, R.C.3    Federman, M.4    Trey, C.5
  • 13
    • 0019152816 scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease
    • Ludwig J, Viggiano TR, McGill DB, Oh BJ. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clin. Proc. 55(7), 434-438 (1980).
    • (1980) Mayo Clin. Proc , vol.55 , Issue.7 , pp. 434-438
    • Ludwig, J.1    Viggiano, T.R.2    McGill, D.B.3    Oh, B.J.4
  • 14
    • 0020555367 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical analysis of hepatic lipid in alcoholic and diabetic and control subjects
    • Cairns SR, Peters TJ. Biochemical analysis of hepatic lipid in alcoholic and diabetic and control subjects. Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 65(6), 645-652 (1983).
    • (1983) Clin. Sci. (Lond.) , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 645-652
    • Cairns, S.R.1    Peters, T.J.2
  • 15
    • 0038644536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Summary of an AASLD Single Topic Conference
    • Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Caldwell SH. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: summary of an AASLD Single Topic Conference. Hepatology 37(5), 1202-1219 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 1202-1219
    • Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A.1    Caldwell, S.H.2
  • 16
    • 0038805259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States
    • Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States, Am. J. Gastroenterol. 98(5), 960-967 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 960-967
    • Clark, J.M.1    Brancati, F.L.2    Diehl, A.M.3
  • 17
    • 0032822946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of unexplained chronic liver transaminase abnormalities in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients
    • Daniel S, Ben Menachem T, Vasudevan G, Ma CK, Blumenkehl M. Prospective evaluation of unexplained chronic liver transaminase abnormalities in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 94(10), 3010-3014 (1999).
    • (1999) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.94 , Issue.10 , pp. 3010-3014
    • Daniel, S.1    Ben Menachem, T.2    Vasudevan, G.3    Ma, C.K.4    Blumenkehl, M.5
  • 18
    • 33847292847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic steatosis in genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C is mainly because of metabolic factors
    • Tsochatzis E, Papatheodoridis GV, Manesis EK et al. Hepatic steatosis in genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C is mainly because of metabolic factors. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102(3), 634-641 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.102 , Issue.3 , pp. 634-641
    • Tsochatzis, E.1    Papatheodoridis, G.V.2    Manesis, E.K.3
  • 19
    • 0034862590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Findings on liver biopsy to investigate abnormal liver function tests in the absence of diagnostic serology
    • Skelly MM, James PD, Ryder SD. Findings on liver biopsy to investigate abnormal liver function tests in the absence of diagnostic serology. J. Hepatol. 35(2), 195-199 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Hepatol , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 195-199
    • Skelly, M.M.1    James, P.D.2    Ryder, S.D.3
  • 20
    • 0037566201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with normal ALT values
    • Mofrad P, Contos MJ, Haque M et al. Clinical and histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with normal ALT values. Hepatology 37(6), 1286-1292 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1286-1292
    • Mofrad, P.1    Contos, M.J.2    Haque, M.3
  • 23
    • 0036211568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An agenda for clinical research
    • Younossi ZM, Diehl AM, Ong JP. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an agenda for clinical research. Hepatology 35(4), 746-752 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 746-752
    • Younossi, Z.M.1    Diehl, A.M.2    Ong, J.P.3
  • 24
    • 12144259379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population
    • Szczepaniak LS, Nurenberg P, Leonard D et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 288(2), E462-E468 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.288 , Issue.2
    • Szczepaniak, L.S.1    Nurenberg, P.2    Leonard, D.3
  • 25
    • 0036729447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Saadeh S, Younossi ZM, Remer EM et al. The utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 123(3), 745-750 (2002).
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , Issue.3 , pp. 745-750
    • Saadeh, S.1    Younossi, Z.M.2    Remer, E.M.3
  • 26
    • 0017739740 scopus 로고
    • Liver histology in a 'normal' population - examinations of 503 consecutive fatal traffic casualties
    • Hilden M, Christoffersen P, Juhl E, Dalgaard JB. Liver histology in a 'normal' population - examinations of 503 consecutive fatal traffic casualties. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 12(5), 593-597 (1977).
    • (1977) Scand. J. Gastroenterol , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 593-597
    • Hilden, M.1    Christoffersen, P.2    Juhl, E.3    Dalgaard, J.B.4
  • 27
    • 0037221394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of the association of overweight with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity in the United States
    • Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Determinants of the association of overweight with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity in the United States. Gastroenterology 124(1), 71-79 (2003).
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-79
    • Ruhl, C.E.1    Everhart, J.E.2
  • 28
    • 0033982172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis in Northern Italy
    • Bellentani S, Saccoccio G, Masutti F et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis in Northern Italy. Ann. Intern. Med. 132(2), 112-117 (2000).
    • (2000) Ann. Intern. Med , vol.132 , Issue.2 , pp. 112-117
    • Bellentani, S.1    Saccoccio, G.2    Masutti, F.3
  • 29
    • 0034659943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection and outcome of living donors for adult to adult right lobe transplantation
    • Marcos A, Fisher RA, Ham JM et al. Selection and outcome of living donors for adult to adult right lobe transplantation. Transplantation 69(11), 2410-2415 (2000).
    • (2000) Transplantation , vol.69 , Issue.11 , pp. 2410-2415
    • Marcos, A.1    Fisher, R.A.2    Ham, J.M.3
  • 30
    • 0025260531 scopus 로고
    • Fatty liver hepatitis (steatohepatitis) and obesity: An autopsy study with analysis of risk factors
    • Wanless IR, Lentz JS. Fatty liver hepatitis (steatohepatitis) and obesity: an autopsy study with analysis of risk factors. Hepatology 12(5), 1106-1110 (1990).
    • (1990) Hepatology , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 1106-1110
    • Wanless, I.R.1    Lentz, J.S.2
  • 31
    • 33748110788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic histology in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery
    • Machado M, Marques-Vidal P, Cortez-Pinto H. Hepatic histology in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. J. Hepatol. 45(4), 600-606 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Hepatol , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 600-606
    • Machado, M.1    Marques-Vidal, P.2    Cortez-Pinto, H.3
  • 32
    • 84986946657 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between serum transaminase activities and fatty liver in children with simple obesity
    • Noguchi H, Tazawa Y, Nishinomiya F, Takada G. The relationship between serum transaminase activities and fatty liver in children with simple obesity. Acta Paediatr. Jpn. 37(5), 621-625 (1995).
    • (1995) Acta Paediatr. Jpn , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 621-625
    • Noguchi, H.1    Tazawa, Y.2    Nishinomiya, F.3    Takada, G.4
  • 33
    • 0028810805 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of fatty liver in Japanese children and relationship to obesity. An epidemiological ultrasonographic survey
    • Tominaga K, Kurata JH, Chen YK et al. Prevalence of fatty liver in Japanese children and relationship to obesity. An epidemiological ultrasonographic survey. Dig. Dis. Sci. 40(9), 2002-2009 (1995).
    • (1995) Dig. Dis. Sci , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 2002-2009
    • Tominaga, K.1    Kurata, J.H.2    Chen, Y.K.3
  • 34
    • 3242765196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity in children and young people: A crisis in public health
    • Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obes. Rev. 5 (Suppl.), 4-104 (2004).
    • (2004) Obes. Rev , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 4-104
    • Lobstein, T.1    Baur, L.2    Uauy, R.3
  • 35
    • 33645523067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
    • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 295(13), 1549-1555 (2006).
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , Issue.13 , pp. 1549-1555
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Curtin, L.R.3
  • 36
    • 1642405087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategies
    • James PT, Rigby N, Leach R. The obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategies. Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil. 11(1), 3-8 (2004).
    • (2004) Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-8
    • James, P.T.1    Rigby, N.2    Leach, R.3
  • 37
    • 30544454686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood obesity and socioeconomic status: A novel role for height growth limitation
    • Cecil JE, Watt P, Murrie IS et al. Childhood obesity and socioeconomic status: a novel role for height growth limitation. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 29(10), 1199-1203 (2005).
    • (2005) Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1199-1203
    • Cecil, J.E.1    Watt, P.2    Murrie, I.S.3
  • 38
    • 0041488061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic and demographic variation in the prevalence of overweight Canadian children
    • Willms JD, Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT. Geographic and demographic variation in the prevalence of overweight Canadian children. Obes. Res. 11(5), 668-673 (2003).
    • (2003) Obes. Res , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 668-673
    • Willms, J.D.1    Tremblay, M.S.2    Katzmarzyk, P.T.3
  • 39
    • 0035806188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents: Reassessment of 1985 and 1995 data against new standard international definitions
    • Magarey AM, Daniels LA, Boulton TJ. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents: reassessment of 1985 and 1995 data against new standard international definitions. Med. J. Aust., 174(11), 561-564 (2001).
    • (2001) Med. J. Aust , vol.174 , Issue.11 , pp. 561-564
    • Magarey, A.M.1    Daniels, L.A.2    Boulton, T.J.3
  • 41
    • 0030872385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver involvement in obese children. Ultrasonography and liver enzyme levels at diagnosis and during follow-up in an Italian population
    • Franzese A, Vajro P, Argenziano A et al. Liver involvement in obese children. Ultrasonography and liver enzyme levels at diagnosis and during follow-up in an Italian population. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42(7), 1428-1432 (1997).
    • (1997) Dig. Dis. Sci , vol.42 , Issue.7 , pp. 1428-1432
    • Franzese, A.1    Vajro, P.2    Argenziano, A.3
  • 42
    • 33750002388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents
    • Schwimmer JB, Deutsch R, Kahen T et al. Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 118(4), 1388-1393 (2006).
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , Issue.4 , pp. 1388-1393
    • Schwimmer, J.B.1    Deutsch, R.2    Kahen, T.3
  • 43
    • 0028875908 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: A follow-up study
    • Teli MR, James OF, Burt AD, Bennett MK, Day CP. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: a follow-up study. Hepatology 22(6), 1714-1719 (1995).
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 1714-1719
    • Teli, M.R.1    James, O.F.2    Burt, A.D.3    Bennett, M.K.4    Day, C.P.5
  • 44
    • 0025178612 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 years
    • Powell EE, Cooksley WG, Hanson R et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 years. Hepatology 11(1), 74-80 (1990).
    • (1990) Hepatology , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-80
    • Powell, E.E.1    Cooksley, W.G.2    Hanson, R.3
  • 45
    • 0024336332 scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A study of 49 patients
    • Lee RG. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a study of 49 patients. Hum. Pathol. 20(6), 594-598 (1989).
    • (1989) Hum. Pathol , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 594-598
    • Lee, R.G.1
  • 46
    • 0023801758 scopus 로고
    • Alcohollike liver disease in nonalcoholics. A clinical and histologic comparison with alcohol-induced liver injury
    • Diehl AM, Goodman Z, Ishak KG. Alcohollike liver disease in nonalcoholics. A clinical and histologic comparison with alcohol-induced liver injury. Gastroenterology 95(4), 1056-1062 (1988).
    • (1988) Gastroenterology , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 1056-1062
    • Diehl, A.M.1    Goodman, Z.2    Ishak, K.G.3
  • 47
    • 0033038672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: A spectrum of clinical and pathological severity
    • Matteoni CA, Younossi ZM, Gramlich T et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology 116(6), 1413-1419 (1999).
    • (1999) Gastroenterology , vol.116 , Issue.6 , pp. 1413-1419
    • Matteoni, C.A.1    Younossi, Z.M.2    Gramlich, T.3
  • 48
    • 0026640577 scopus 로고
    • Fatty infiltration of the liver: Analysis of prevalence, radiological and clinical features and influence on patient management
    • el Hassan AY, Ibrahim EM, al Mulhim FA, Nabhan AA, Chammas MY. Fatty infiltration of the liver: analysis of prevalence, radiological and clinical features and influence on patient management. Br. J. Radiol. 65(777), 774-778 (1992).
    • (1992) Br. J. Radiol , vol.65 , Issue.777 , pp. 774-778
    • el Hassan, A.Y.1    Ibrahim, E.M.2    al Mulhim, F.A.3    Nabhan, A.A.4    Chammas, M.Y.5
  • 49
    • 0023714299 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of fatty liver in a general population of Okinawa, Japan
    • Nomura H, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J et al. Prevalence of fatty liver in a general population of Okinawa, Japan. Jpn. J. Med. 27(2), 142-149 (1988).
    • (1988) Jpn. J. Med , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-149
    • Nomura, H.1    Kashiwagi, S.2    Hayashi, J.3
  • 50
    • 0026453164 scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathologic study of alcohol-like liver disease in non-alcoholics; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis
    • Nonomura A, Mizukami Y, Unoura M et al. Clinicopathologic study of alcohol-like liver disease in non-alcoholics; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Gastroenterol. Jpn. 27(4), 521-528 (1992).
    • (1992) Gastroenterol. Jpn , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 521-528
    • Nonomura, A.1    Mizukami, Y.2    Unoura, M.3
  • 51
    • 18544382696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty liver in non-alcoholic non-overweight Japanese adults: Incidence and clinical characteristics
    • Omagari K, Kadokawa Y, Masuda J et al. Fatty liver in non-alcoholic non-overweight Japanese adults: incidence and clinical characteristics. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 17(10), 1098-1105 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol , vol.17 , Issue.10 , pp. 1098-1105
    • Omagari, K.1    Kadokawa, Y.2    Masuda, J.3
  • 52
    • 0031445055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bright liver syndrome. Prevalence and determinants of a "bright" liver echopattern
    • Lonardo A, Bellini M, Tartoni P, Tondelli E. The bright liver syndrome. Prevalence and determinants of a "bright" liver echopattern. Ital. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 29(4), 351-356 (1997).
    • (1997) Ital. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 351-356
    • Lonardo, A.1    Bellini, M.2    Tartoni, P.3    Tondelli, E.4
  • 53
    • 0001407283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of NASH among Mexican American females with Type II diabetes melitus
    • Kemmer N, McKinney K, Vuaim SY et al. High prevalence of NASH among Mexican American females with Type II diabetes melitus. Gastroenterology 120, 117A (2001).
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120
    • Kemmer, N.1    McKinney, K.2    Vuaim, S.Y.3
  • 54
    • 10644220306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: Impact of ethnicity
    • Browning JD, Szczepaniak LS, Dobbins R et al. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity. Hepatology 40(6), 1387-1395 (2004).
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 1387-1395
    • Browning, J.D.1    Szczepaniak, L.S.2    Dobbins, R.3
  • 55
    • 12844280471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and ethnic distribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver in persons with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease
    • Weston SR, Leyden W, Murphy R et al. Racial and ethnic distribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver in persons with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease. Hepatology 41(2), 372-379 (2005).
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 372-379
    • Weston, S.R.1    Leyden, W.2    Murphy, R.3
  • 56
    • 0025002079 scopus 로고
    • Liver pathology in morbidly obese patients with and without diabetes
    • Silverman JF, O'Brien KF, Long S et al. Liver pathology in morbidly obese patients with and without diabetes. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 85(10), 1349-1355 (1990).
    • (1990) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.85 , Issue.10 , pp. 1349-1355
    • Silverman, J.F.1    O'Brien, K.F.2    Long, S.3
  • 57
    • 0034950652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in the severely obese
    • Dixon JB, Bhathal PS, O'Brien PE. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in the severely obese. Gastroenterology 121(1), 91-100 (2001).
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.121 , Issue.1 , pp. 91-100
    • Dixon, J.B.1    Bhathal, P.S.2    O'Brien, P.E.3
  • 58
    • 0022492463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in obesity: A reversible condition
    • Eriksson S, Eriksson KF, Bondesson L. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in obesity: a reversible condition. Acta Med. Scand. 220(1), 83-88 (1996).
    • (1996) Acta Med. Scand , vol.220 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-88
    • Eriksson, S.1    Eriksson, K.F.2    Bondesson, L.3
  • 59
    • 0031913573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver abnormalities in severely obese subjects: Effect of drastic weight loss after gastroplasty
    • Luyckx FH, Desaive C, Thiry A et al. Liver abnormalities in severely obese subjects: effect of drastic weight loss after gastroplasty. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22(3), 222-226 (1998).
    • (1998) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 222-226
    • Luyckx, F.H.1    Desaive, C.2    Thiry, A.3
  • 60
    • 0029433619 scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight control on hepatic abnormalities in obese patients with fatty liver
    • Park HS, Kim MW, Shin ES. Effect of weight control on hepatic abnormalities in obese patients with fatty liver. J. Korean Med. Sci. 10(6), 414-421 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Korean Med. Sci , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 414-421
    • Park, H.S.1    Kim, M.W.2    Shin, E.S.3
  • 61
    • 0025549042 scopus 로고
    • Regression of liver steatosis following gastroplasty or gastric bypass for morbid obesity
    • Ranlov I, Hardt E. Regression of liver steatosis following gastroplasty or gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Digestion 47(4), 208-214 (1990).
    • (1990) Digestion , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 208-214
    • Ranlov, I.1    Hardt, E.2
  • 63
    • 0032695030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Angulo P, Keach JC, Batts KP, Lindor KD. Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 30(6), 1356-1362 (1999).
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 1356-1362
    • Angulo, P.1    Keach, J.C.2    Batts, K.P.3    Lindor, K.D.4
  • 64
    • 0032692722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance-associated hepatic iron overload
    • Mendler MH, Turlin B, Moirand R et al. Insulin resistance-associated hepatic iron overload. Gastroenterology 117(5), 1155-1163 (1999).
    • (1999) Gastroenterology , vol.117 , Issue.5 , pp. 1155-1163
    • Mendler, M.H.1    Turlin, B.2    Moirand, R.3
  • 65
    • 0031984487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body fat distribution and hypertension incidence in women and men. The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study
    • Gillum RF, Mussolino ME, Madans JH. Body fat distribution and hypertension incidence in women and men. The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22(2), 127-134 (1998).
    • (1998) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-134
    • Gillum, R.F.1    Mussolino, M.E.2    Madans, J.H.3
  • 66
    • 0027178117 scopus 로고
    • Body fat topography as an independent predictor of fatty liver
    • Kral JG, Schaffner F, Pierson RN Jr, Wang J. Body fat topography as an independent predictor of fatty liver. Metabolism 42(5), 548-551 (1993).
    • (1993) Metabolism , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 548-551
    • Kral, J.G.1    Schaffner, F.2    Pierson Jr, R.N.3    Wang, J.4
  • 67
    • 4644305245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis to early carotid atherosclerosis in healthy men: Role of visceral fat accumulation
    • Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R et al. Relation of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis to early carotid atherosclerosis in healthy men: role of visceral fat accumulation. Diabetes Care 27(10), 2498-2500 (2004).
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 2498-2500
    • Targher, G.1    Bertolini, L.2    Padovani, R.3
  • 68
    • 23044512117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk profile in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Villanova N, Moscatiello S, Ramilli S et al. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk profile in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 42(2), 473-480 (2005).
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 473-480
    • Villanova, N.1    Moscatiello, S.2    Ramilli, S.3
  • 69
    • 17144387889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis
    • Volzke H, Robinson DM, Kleine V et al. Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis. World J. Gastroenterol. 11(12), 1848-1853 (2005).
    • (2005) World J. Gastroenterol , vol.11 , Issue.12 , pp. 1848-1853
    • Volzke, H.1    Robinson, D.M.2    Kleine, V.3
  • 70
    • 0034866715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between fatty liver and coronary risk factors: A population study of elderly men and women in Nagasaki, Japan
    • Akahoshi M, Amasaki Y, Soda M et al. Correlation between fatty liver and coronary risk factors: a population study of elderly men and women in Nagasaki, Japan. Hypertens. Res. 24(4), 337-343 (2001).
    • (2001) Hypertens. Res , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 337-343
    • Akahoshi, M.1    Amasaki, Y.2    Soda, M.3
  • 71
    • 0020036773 scopus 로고
    • Fatty changes in the liver: The relation to age, overweight and diabetes mellitus
    • Hornboll P, Olsen TS. Fatty changes in the liver: the relation to age, overweight and diabetes mellitus. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. (A) 90(3), 199-205 (1982).
    • (1982) Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. (A) , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 199-205
    • Hornboll, P.1    Olsen, T.S.2
  • 72
    • 0032562190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular physical activity and coronary risk factors in Japanese men
    • Hsieh SD, Yoshinaga H, Muto T, Sakurai Y. Regular physical activity and coronary risk factors in Japanese men. Circulation 97(7), 661-665 (1998).
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , Issue.7 , pp. 661-665
    • Hsieh, S.D.1    Yoshinaga, H.2    Muto, T.3    Sakurai, Y.4
  • 73
    • 0028031996 scopus 로고
    • Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level and blood pressure in nondrinkers: A possible pathogenetic role of fatty liver in obesity-related hypertension
    • Ikai E, Honda R, Yamada Y. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level and blood pressure in nondrinkers: a possible pathogenetic role of fatty liver in obesity-related hypertension. J. Hum. Hypertens. 8(2), 95-100 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Hum. Hypertens , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 95-100
    • Ikai, E.1    Honda, R.2    Yamada, Y.3
  • 74
    • 0028910684 scopus 로고
    • Association between hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia as related to hypertension in alcohol consumers and obese people
    • Ikai E, Ishizaki M, Suzuki Y et al. Association between hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia as related to hypertension in alcohol consumers and obese people. J. Hum. Hypertens. 9(2), 101-105 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Hum. Hypertens , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-105
    • Ikai, E.1    Ishizaki, M.2    Suzuki, Y.3
  • 75
    • 0032828612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Where do we stand and where are we going?
    • Lonardo A. Fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Where do we stand and where are we going? Dig. Dis. 17(2), 80-89 (1999).
    • (1999) Dig. Dis , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 80-89
    • Lonardo, A.1
  • 76
    • 0033231294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance
    • Marchesini G, Brizi M, Morselli-Labate AM et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance. Am. J. Med. 107(5), 450-455 (1999).
    • (1999) Am. J. Med , vol.107 , Issue.5 , pp. 450-455
    • Marchesini, G.1    Brizi, M.2    Morselli-Labate, A.M.3
  • 77
    • 0018151362 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of obesity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in familial hypertriglyceridemia
    • Maruhama Y, Abe R, Okuguchi F et al. Interactions of obesity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in familial hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes 27(6), 682-693 (1978).
    • (1978) Diabetes , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 682-693
    • Maruhama, Y.1    Abe, R.2    Okuguchi, F.3
  • 78
    • 0033198317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and iron: Increased prevalence of mutations of the HFE gene in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Bonkovsky HL, Jawaid Q, Tortorelli K et al. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and iron: increased prevalence of mutations of the HFE gene in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 31(3), 421-429 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Hepatol , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 421-429
    • Bonkovsky, H.L.1    Jawaid, Q.2    Tortorelli, K.3
  • 79
    • 0036783296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with other liver diseases
    • Clouston AD, Powell EE. Interaction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with other liver diseases. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 16(5), 767-781 (2002).
    • (2002) Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 767-781
    • Clouston, A.D.1    Powell, E.E.2
  • 80
    • 29244484291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatosis in chronic hepatitis C: Why does it really matter?
    • Asselah T, Rubbia-Brandt L, Marcellin P, Negro F. Steatosis in chronic hepatitis C: why does it really matter? Gut 55(1), 123-130 (2006).
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-130
    • Asselah, T.1    Rubbia-Brandt, L.2    Marcellin, P.3    Negro, F.4
  • 81
    • 0033933140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte steatosis is a cytopathic effect of hepatitis C virus genotype 3
    • Rubbia-Brandt L, Quadri R, Abid K et al. Hepatocyte steatosis is a cytopathic effect of hepatitis C virus genotype 3. J. Hepatol. 33(1), 106-115 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Hepatol , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 106-115
    • Rubbia-Brandt, L.1    Quadri, R.2    Abid, K.3
  • 82
    • 0030859121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus core protein induces hepatic steatosis in transgenic mice
    • Moriya K, Yotsuyanagi H, Shintani Y, et al. Hepatitis C virus core protein induces hepatic steatosis in transgenic mice. J. Gen. Virol. 78 (Pt 7), 1527-1531 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Gen. Virol , vol.78 , Issue.PART 7 , pp. 1527-1531
    • Moriya, K.1    Yotsuyanagi, H.2    Shintani, Y.3
  • 83
    • 18244365866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits microsomal triglyceride transfer protein activity and very low density lipoprotein secretion: A model of viral-related steatosis
    • Perlemuter G, Sabile A. Letteron P et al. Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits microsomal triglyceride transfer protein activity and very low density lipoprotein secretion: a model of viral-related steatosis. FASEB J. 16(2), 185-194 (2002).
    • (2002) FASEB J , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-194
    • Perlemuter, G.1    Sabile, A.2    Letteron, P.3
  • 84
    • 0032924020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C correlates significantly with body mass index and steatosis
    • Hourigan LF, Macdonald GA, Purdie D et al. Fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C correlates significantly with body mass index and steatosis. Hepatology 29(4), 1215-1219 (1999).
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 1215-1219
    • Hourigan, L.F.1    Macdonald, G.A.2    Purdie, D.3
  • 85
    • 0034987263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity
    • Adinolfi LE, Gambardella M, Andreana A et al. Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity. Hepatology 33(6), 1358-1364 (2001).
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 1358-1364
    • Adinolfi, L.E.1    Gambardella, M.2    Andreana, A.3
  • 86
    • 0036892355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatosis accelerates fibrosis development over time in hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infected patients
    • Westin J, Nordlinder H, Lagging M, Norkrans G, Wejstal R. Steatosis accelerates fibrosis development over time in hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infected patients. J. Hepatol. 37(6), 837-842 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Hepatol , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 837-842
    • Westin, J.1    Nordlinder, H.2    Lagging, M.3    Norkrans, G.4    Wejstal, R.5
  • 87
    • 0034613642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in children and adolescents
    • Manton ND, Lipsett J, Moore DJ et al. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in children and adolescents. Med. J. Aust. 173(9), 476-479 (2000).
    • (2000) Med. J. Aust , vol.173 , Issue.9 , pp. 476-479
    • Manton, N.D.1    Lipsett, J.2    Moore, D.J.3
  • 88
    • 0023197521 scopus 로고
    • Comparison between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis
    • Itoh S, Yougel T, Kawagoe K. Comparison between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 82(7), 650-654 (1987).
    • (1987) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.82 , Issue.7 , pp. 650-654
    • Itoh, S.1    Yougel, T.2    Kawagoe, K.3
  • 89
    • 33747503550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease presenting with an isolated elevated alkaline phosphatase
    • Pantsari MW, Harrison SA. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease presenting with an isolated elevated alkaline phosphatase. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 40(7), 633-635 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.40 , Issue.7 , pp. 633-635
    • Pantsari, M.W.1    Harrison, S.A.2
  • 90
    • 9044219843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clinicopathological comparison with alcoholic hepatitis in ambulatory and hospitalized patients
    • Pinto HC, Baptista A, Camilo ME et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clinicopathological comparison with alcoholic hepatitis in ambulatory and hospitalized patients. Dig. Dis. Sci. 41(1), 172-179 (1996).
    • (1996) Dig. Dis. Sci , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 172-179
    • Pinto, H.C.1    Baptista, A.2    Camilo, M.E.3
  • 91
    • 0030696930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis masquerading as autoimmune hepatitis
    • Tajiri K, Takenawa H, Yamaoka K et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis masquerading as autoimmune hepatitis. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 25(3), 538-540 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 538-540
    • Tajiri, K.1    Takenawa, H.2    Yamaoka, K.3
  • 92
    • 0031915149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased hepatic iron concentration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased fibrosis
    • George DK, Goldwurm S, Macdonald GA et al. Increased hepatic iron concentration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased fibrosis. Gastroenterology 114(2), 311-318 (1998).
    • (1998) Gastroenterology , vol.114 , Issue.2 , pp. 311-318
    • George, D.K.1    Goldwurm, S.2    Macdonald, G.A.3
  • 93
    • 0034116558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver fibrosis in overweight patients
    • Ratziu V, Giral P, Charlotte F et al. Liver fibrosis in overweight patients. Gastroenterology 118(6), 1117-1123 (2000).
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.118 , Issue.6 , pp. 1117-1123
    • Ratziu, V.1    Giral, P.2    Charlotte, F.3
  • 94
    • 0032881292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic iron and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, Bacon BR et al. Hepatic iron and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 30(4), 847-850 (1999).
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 847-850
    • Younossi, Z.M.1    Gramlich, T.2    Bacon, B.R.3
  • 95
    • 17644393205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated plasma protein C levels correlate with the presence of fatty liver (NASH and NAFLD)
    • Assy N, Schlesinger S, Hussein O. Elevated plasma protein C levels correlate with the presence of fatty liver (NASH and NAFLD). Gut 54(5), 729 (2005).
    • (2005) Gut , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 729
    • Assy, N.1    Schlesinger, S.2    Hussein, O.3
  • 96
    • 18244364864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NASH and insulin resistance: Insulin hypersecretion and specific association with the insulin resistance syndrome
    • Chitturi S, Abeygunasekera S, Farrell GC et al. NASH and insulin resistance: Insulin hypersecretion and specific association with the insulin resistance syndrome. Hepatology 35(2), 373-379 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 373-379
    • Chitturi, S.1    Abeygunasekera, S.2    Farrell, G.C.3
  • 97
    • 23044510006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic MRI for fat quantitation: Its relationship to fat morphology, diagnosis, and ultrasound
    • Fishbein M, Castro F, Cheruku S et al. Hepatic MRI for fat quantitation: its relationship to fat morphology, diagnosis, and ultrasound. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 39(7), 619-625 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.39 , Issue.7 , pp. 619-625
    • Fishbein, M.1    Castro, F.2    Cheruku, S.3
  • 98
    • 2642521468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in morbidly obese patients
    • Mottin CC, Moretto M, Padoin AV et al. The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in morbidly obese patients. Obes. Surg. 14(5). 635-637 (2004).
    • (2004) Obes. Surg , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 635-637
    • Mottin, C.C.1    Moretto, M.2    Padoin, A.V.3
  • 99
    • 0026672394 scopus 로고
    • Focal manifestations of diffuse liver disease at MR imaging
    • Mitchell DG. Focal manifestations of diffuse liver disease at MR imaging. Radiology 185(1), 1-11 (1992).
    • (1992) Radiology , vol.185 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-11
    • Mitchell, D.G.1
  • 100
    • 0031691168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient focal fatty liver infiltration mimicking liver metastasis
    • Debaere C, Rigauts H, Laukens P. Transient focal fatty liver infiltration mimicking liver metastasis. J. Belge Radiol., 81(4), 174-175 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Belge Radiol , vol.81 , Issue.4 , pp. 174-175
    • Debaere, C.1    Rigauts, H.2    Laukens, P.3
  • 101
    • 49149113669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sheth SG, Gordon FD, Chopra S. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [see comments] [published erratum appears in Ann. Intern. Med. 1997 Oct 15; 127(8 Pt 1):658]. Ann. Intern. Med. 126(2),137-145 (1997).
    • Sheth SG, Gordon FD, Chopra S. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [see comments] [published erratum appears in Ann. Intern. Med. 1997 Oct 15; 127(8 Pt 1):658]. Ann. Intern. Med. 126(2),137-145 (1997).
  • 102
    • 0024468142 scopus 로고
    • Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes?
    • Van Ness MM, Diehl AM. Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes? Ann. Intern. Med. 111(6), 473-478 (1989).
    • (1989) Ann. Intern. Med , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 473-478
    • Van Ness, M.M.1    Diehl, A.M.2
  • 103
    • 0033761248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the role of liver biopsies in asymptomatic patients with chronic liver test abnormalities
    • Sorbi D, McGill DB, Thistle JL et al. An assessment of the role of liver biopsies in asymptomatic patients with chronic liver test abnormalities. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95 (11), 3206-3210 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.95 , Issue.11 , pp. 3206-3210
    • Sorbi, D.1    McGill, D.B.2    Thistle, J.L.3
  • 105
    • 0035820265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection: A prospective study
    • Imbert-Bismut F, Ratziu V, Pieroni L et al. Biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a prospective study. Lancet 357(9262), 1069-1075 (2001).
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , Issue.9262 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Imbert-Bismut, F.1    Ratziu, V.2    Pieroni, L.3
  • 106
    • 0042265556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple noninvasive index can predict both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Wai CT, Greenson JK, Fontana RJ et al. A simple noninvasive index can predict both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 38(2), 518-526 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 518-526
    • Wai, C.T.1    Greenson, J.K.2    Fontana, R.J.3
  • 107
    • 11144328418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis by measurement of stiffness in patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Ziol M, Handra-Luca A, Kettaneh A et al. Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis by measurement of stiffness in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 41(1), 48-54 (2005).
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-54
    • Ziol, M.1    Handra-Luca, A.2    Kettaneh, A.3
  • 108
    • 33745905615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient elastography: A valid alternative to biopsy in patients with chronic liver disease
    • Gomez-Dominguez E, Mendoza J, Rubio S et al. Transient elastography: a valid alternative to biopsy in patients with chronic liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 24(3), 513-518 (2006).
    • (2006) Aliment Pharmacol. Ther , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 513-518
    • Gomez-Dominguez, E.1    Mendoza, J.2    Rubio, S.3
  • 109
    • 33144485013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of cirrhosis by transient elastography (FibroScan): A prospective study
    • Foucher J, Chanteloup E, Vergniol J et al. Diagnosis of cirrhosis by transient elastography (FibroScan): a prospective study. Gut 55(3), 403-408 (2006).
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 403-408
    • Foucher, J.1    Chanteloup, E.2    Vergniol, J.3
  • 110
    • 12344309018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective comparison of transient elastography, Fibrotest, APRI, and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C
    • Castera L, Vergniol J, Foucher J et al. Prospective comparison of transient elastography, Fibrotest, APRI, and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 128(2), 343-350 (2005).
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , Issue.2 , pp. 343-350
    • Castera, L.1    Vergniol, J.2    Foucher, J.3
  • 112
    • 0035078484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Chitturi S, Farrell GC. Etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Semin. Liver Dis. 21(1), 27-41 (2001).
    • (2001) Semin. Liver Dis , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-41
    • Chitturi, S.1    Farrell, G.C.2
  • 113
    • 0034676629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Tilg H, Diehl AM. Cytokines in alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(20), 1467-1476 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.343 , Issue.20 , pp. 1467-1476
    • Tilg, H.1    Diehl, A.M.2
  • 114
    • 18244385511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: Further evidence for an etiologic association
    • Pagano G, Pacini G, Musso G et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: further evidence for an etiologic association. Hepatology 35(2), 367-372 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 367-372
    • Pagano, G.1    Pacini, G.2    Musso, G.3
  • 115
    • 0037382786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic Fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome
    • Marchesini G, Bugianesi E, Forlani G et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome. Hepatology 37(4), 917-923 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 917-923
    • Marchesini, G.1    Bugianesi, E.2    Forlani, G.3
  • 116
    • 0031947715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatohepatitis: A tale of two "hits
    • Day CP, James OF. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits". Gastroenterology 114(4), 842-845 (1998).
    • (1998) Gastroenterology , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 842-845
    • Day, C.P.1    James, O.F.2
  • 117
    • 0025814980 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes
    • Esterbauer H, Schaur RJ, Zollner H. Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 11(1), 81-128 (1991).
    • (1991) Free Radic. Biol. Med , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-128
    • Esterbauer, H.1    Schaur, R.J.2    Zollner, H.3
  • 119
    • 0030699185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen intermediates are involved in the induction of CD95 ligand mRNA expression by cytostatic drugs in hepatoma cells
    • Hug H, Strand S, Grambihler A et al. Reactive oxygen intermediates are involved in the induction of CD95 ligand mRNA expression by cytostatic drugs in hepatoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272(45), 28191-28193 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem , vol.272 , Issue.45 , pp. 28191-28193
    • Hug, H.1    Strand, S.2    Grambihler, A.3
  • 120
    • 0042165989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Feldstein AE, Canbay A, Angulo P et al. Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology 125(2), 437-443 (2003).
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.125 , Issue.2 , pp. 437-443
    • Feldstein, A.E.1    Canbay, A.2    Angulo, P.3
  • 121
    • 0030642245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banting Lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. 1988
    • Reaven GM. Banting Lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. 1988. Nutrition 13(1), 65 (1997).
    • (1997) Nutrition , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 65
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 122
    • 0037498108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic subcapsular steatosis in response to intraperitoneal insulin delivery: CT findings and prevalence
    • Khalili K, Lan FP, Hanbidge AE et al. Hepatic subcapsular steatosis in response to intraperitoneal insulin delivery: CT findings and prevalence. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 180(6), 1601-1604 (2003).
    • (2003) AJR Am. J. Roentgenol , vol.180 , Issue.6 , pp. 1601-1604
    • Khalili, K.1    Lan, F.P.2    Hanbidge, A.E.3
  • 123
    • 0035084699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities
    • Sanyal AJ, Campbell-Sargent C, Mirshahi F et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities. Gastroenterology 120(5), 1183-1192 (2001).
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , Issue.5 , pp. 1183-1192
    • Sanyal, A.J.1    Campbell-Sargent, C.2    Mirshahi, F.3
  • 125
    • 0035912744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase causes tissue-specific insulin resistance
    • Kim JK, Fillmore JJ, Chen Y et al. Tissue-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase causes tissue-specific insulin resistance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98(13), 7522-7527 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , Issue.13 , pp. 7522-7527
    • Kim, J.K.1    Fillmore, J.J.2    Chen, Y.3
  • 128
    • 0028931724 scopus 로고
    • Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in human obesity and insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil GS, Arner P, Caro JF, Atkinson RL, Spiegelman BM. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in human obesity and insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 95(5), 2409-2415 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Clin. Invest , vol.95 , Issue.5 , pp. 2409-2415
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Arner, P.2    Caro, J.F.3    Atkinson, R.L.4    Spiegelman, B.M.5
  • 129
  • 130
    • 0036288818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin, liver, and obese mice - fibrosis in the fat lane
    • Anania FA. Leptin, liver, and obese mice - fibrosis in the fat lane. Hepatology 36(1), 246-248 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 246-248
    • Anania, F.A.1
  • 131
    • 0036234147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin receptor-mediated signaling regulates hepatic fibrogenesis and remodeling of extracellular matrix in the rat
    • Ikejima K, Takei Y, Honda H et al. Leptin receptor-mediated signaling regulates hepatic fibrogenesis and remodeling of extracellular matrix in the rat. Gastroenterology 122(5), 1399-1410 (2002).
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 1399-1410
    • Ikejima, K.1    Takei, Y.2    Honda, H.3
  • 132
    • 0031711787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin, obesity, and liver disease
    • Kaplan LM. Leptin, obesity, and liver disease. Gastroenterology 115(4), 997-1001 (1998).
    • (1998) Gastroenterology , vol.115 , Issue.4 , pp. 997-1001
    • Kaplan, L.M.1
  • 133
    • 0036204924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saxena NK, Ikeda K, Rockey DC, Friedman SL, Anania FA. Leptin in hepatic fibrosis: evidence for increased collagen production in stellate cells and lean littermates of ob/ob mice. Hepatology 35(4), 762-771 (2002).
    • Saxena NK, Ikeda K, Rockey DC, Friedman SL, Anania FA. Leptin in hepatic fibrosis: evidence for increased collagen production in stellate cells and lean littermates of ob/ob mice. Hepatology 35(4), 762-771 (2002).
  • 134
    • 0021276437 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in cirrhosis. Evidence that hepatic uptake of gluconeogenic precursors and of free fatty acids depends on effective hepatic flow
    • Nosadini R, Avogaro A, Mollo F et al. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in cirrhosis. Evidence that hepatic uptake of gluconeogenic precursors and of free fatty acids depends on effective hepatic flow. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 58(6), 1125-1132 (1984).
    • (1984) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 1125-1132
    • Nosadini, R.1    Avogaro, A.2    Mollo, F.3
  • 135
    • 0033198978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial abnormalities in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Caldwell SH, Swerdlow RH, Khan EM et al. Mitochondrial abnormalities in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 31(3), 430-434 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Hepatol , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 430-434
    • Caldwell, S.H.1    Swerdlow, R.H.2    Khan, E.M.3
  • 136
    • 34247857663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance
    • Shoelson SE, Herrero L, Naaz A. Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 132(6), 2169-2180 (2007).
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , Issue.6 , pp. 2169-2180
    • Shoelson, S.E.1    Herrero, L.2    Naaz, A.3
  • 137
    • 31044456529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding
    • Weisberg SP, Hunter D, Huber R et al. CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding. J. Clin. Invest 116(1), 115-124 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Invest , vol.116 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-124
    • Weisberg, S.P.1    Hunter, D.2    Huber, R.3
  • 138
    • 0031762908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects release interleukin-6: Depot difference and regulation by glucocorticoid
    • Fried SK, Bunkin DA, Greenberg AS. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects release interleukin-6: depot difference and regulation by glucocorticoid. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83(3), 847-850 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.83 , Issue.3 , pp. 847-850
    • Fried, S.K.1    Bunkin, D.A.2    Greenberg, A.S.3
  • 139
    • 2042480671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix, and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans
    • Fain JN, Madan AK, Hiler ML, Cheema P, Bahouth SW. Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix, and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans. Endocrinology 145(5), 2273-2282 (2004).
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , Issue.5 , pp. 2273-2282
    • Fain, J.N.1    Madan, A.K.2    Hiler, M.L.3    Cheema, P.4    Bahouth, S.W.5
  • 140
    • 14644427890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local and systemic insulin resistance resulting from hepatic activation of IKK-β and NF-κB
    • Cai D, Yuan M, Frantz DF et al. Local and systemic insulin resistance resulting from hepatic activation of IKK-β and NF-κB. Nat Med, 11(2), 183-190 (2005).
    • (2005) Nat Med , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 183-190
    • Cai, D.1    Yuan, M.2    Frantz, D.F.3
  • 141
    • 33750584214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance
    • Shi H, Kokoeva MV, Inouye K et al. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest 116(11), 3015-3025 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Invest , vol.116 , Issue.11 , pp. 3015-3025
    • Shi, H.1    Kokoeva, M.V.2    Inouye, K.3
  • 142
    • 0035907302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through Toll-like receptor 4
    • Lee JY, Sohn KH, Rhee SH, Hwang D. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through Toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem , vol.276 , Issue.20 , pp. 16683-16689
    • Lee, J.Y.1    Sohn, K.H.2    Rhee, S.H.3    Hwang, D.4
  • 144
    • 0033329864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver pathology and the metabolic syndrome X in severe obesity
    • Marceau P, Biron S, Hould FS et al. Liver pathology and the metabolic syndrome X in severe obesity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84(5), 1513-1517 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.84 , Issue.5 , pp. 1513-1517
    • Marceau, P.1    Biron, S.2    Hould, F.S.3
  • 145
    • 0025959287 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjects
    • Andersen T, Gluud C, Franzmann MB, Christoffersen P. Hepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjects. J. Hepatol. 12(2), 224-229 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Hepatol , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 224-229
    • Andersen, T.1    Gluud, C.2    Franzmann, M.B.3    Christoffersen, P.4
  • 146
    • 22344452893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A population-based cohort study
    • Adams LA, Lymp JF, St Sauver J et al. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 129(1), 113-121 (2005).
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-121
    • Adams, L.A.1    Lymp, J.F.2    St Sauver, J.3
  • 147
    • 2342419920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term prognosis of fatty liver risk of chronic liver disease and death
    • Dam-Larsen S, Franzmann M, Andersen IB et al. Long term prognosis of fatty liver risk of chronic liver disease and death. Gut 53(5), 750-755 (2004).
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , Issue.5 , pp. 750-755
    • Dam-Larsen, S.1    Franzmann, M.2    Andersen, I.B.3
  • 148
    • 0141510580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A clinical histopathological study
    • Harrison SA, Torgerson S, Hayashi PH. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a clinical histopathological study. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 98(9), 2042-2047 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.98 , Issue.9 , pp. 2042-2047
    • Harrison, S.A.1    Torgerson, S.2    Hayashi, P.H.3
  • 149
    • 32744476673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history and incidence of non alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, AFLD) in the general population with alteration of liver enzymes
    • Bellentani S, Bedogni G, Miglioli L et al. Natural history and incidence of non alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, AFLD) in the general population with alteration of liver enzymes. J. Hepatol. 42(Suppl. 2), 3 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Hepatol , vol.42 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 3
    • Bellentani, S.1    Bedogni, G.2    Miglioli, L.3
  • 150
    • 33750606061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes
    • Ekstedt M, Franzen LE, Mathiesen UL et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 44(4), 865-873 (2006).
    • (2006) Hepatology , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 865-873
    • Ekstedt, M.1    Franzen, L.E.2    Mathiesen, U.L.3
  • 151
    • 11144351102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The histological course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A longitudinal study of 103 patients with sequential liver biopsies
    • Adams LA, Sanderson S, Lindor KD, Angulo P, The histological course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a longitudinal study of 103 patients with sequential liver biopsies. J. Hepatol. 42(1), 132-138 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Hepatol , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 132-138
    • Adams, L.A.1    Sanderson, S.2    Lindor, K.D.3    Angulo, P.4
  • 152
    • 4644297019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A longitudinal study of repeat liver biopsies
    • Fassio E, Alvarez E, Dominguez N, Landeira G, Longo C. Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a longitudinal study of repeat liver biopsies. Hepatology 40(4), 820-826 (2004).
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 820-826
    • Fassio, E.1    Alvarez, E.2    Dominguez, N.3    Landeira, G.4    Longo, C.5
  • 153
    • 0033019013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptogenic cirrhosis: Clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease
    • Caldwell SH, Oelsner DH, Iezzoni JC et al. Cryptogenic cirrhosis: clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease. Hepatology 29(3), 664-669 (1999).
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 664-669
    • Caldwell, S.H.1    Oelsner, D.H.2    Iezzoni, J.C.3
  • 154
    • 0033797838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of obesity and diabetes in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis: A case-control study
    • Poonawala A, Nair SP, Thuluvath PJ. Prevalence of obesity and diabetes in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis: a case-control study. Hepatology 32(4 Pt 1), 689-692 (2000).
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.32 , Issue.4 PART 1 , pp. 689-692
    • Poonawala, A.1    Nair, S.P.2    Thuluvath, P.J.3
  • 155
    • 28044439382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dangerous liaisons: The metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Powell EE, Jonsson JR, Clouston AD. Dangerous liaisons: the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 143(10), 753-754 (2005).
    • (2005) Ann. Intern. Med , vol.143 , Issue.10 , pp. 753-754
    • Powell, E.E.1    Jonsson, J.R.2    Clouston, A.D.3
  • 156
    • 0141594639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is obesity a risk factor for cirrhosis-related death or hospitalization? A population-based cohort study
    • Ioannou GN, Weiss NS, Kowdley KV, Dominitz JA. Is obesity a risk factor for cirrhosis-related death or hospitalization? A population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology 125(4), 1053-1059 (2003).
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.125 , Issue.4 , pp. 1053-1059
    • Ioannou, G.N.1    Weiss, N.S.2    Kowdley, K.V.3    Dominitz, J.A.4
  • 157
    • 0842321807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma
    • El Serag HB, Tran T, Everhart JE. Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 126(2), 460-468 (2004).
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , Issue.2 , pp. 460-468
    • El Serag, H.B.1    Tran, T.2    Everhart, J.E.3
  • 158
    • 0043268063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis compared with hepatitis C
    • Hui JM, Kench JG, Chitturi S et al. Long-term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis compared with hepatitis C. Hepatology 38(2), 420-427 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 420-427
    • Hui, J.M.1    Kench, J.G.2    Chitturi, S.3
  • 159
    • 18544365700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in obesity-related cryptogenic cirrhosis
    • Ratziu V, Bonyhay L, Di MV et al. Survival, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in obesity-related cryptogenic cirrhosis. Hepatology 35(6), 1485-1493 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 1485-1493
    • Ratziu, V.1    Bonyhay, L.2    Di, M.V.3
  • 160
    • 0036302288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding the natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: From cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Bugianesi E, Leone N, Vanni E et al. Expanding the natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: from cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 123(1), 134-140 (2002).
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , Issue.1 , pp. 134-140
    • Bugianesi, E.1    Leone, N.2    Vanni, E.3
  • 161
    • 27644513194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Steatosis, the metabolic syndrome and cancer
    • Bugianesi E. Review article: steatosis, the metabolic syndrome and cancer. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 22(Suppl. 2), 40-43 (2005).
    • (2005) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 40-43
    • Bugianesi, E.1
  • 162
    • 0037464510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults
    • Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 348(17), 1625-1638 (2003).
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.348 , Issue.17 , pp. 1625-1638
    • Calle, E.E.1    Rodriguez, C.2    Walker-Thurmond, K.3    Thun, M.J.4
  • 163
    • 0034331208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and colon cancer mortality in a large prospective study
    • Murphy TK, Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Kahn HS, Thun MJ. Body mass index and colon cancer mortality in a large prospective study. Am. J. Epidemiol., 152(9), 847-854 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.152 , Issue.9 , pp. 847-854
    • Murphy, T.K.1    Calle, E.E.2    Rodriguez, C.3    Kahn, H.S.4    Thun, M.J.5
  • 164
    • 0036894480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States
    • Marrero JA, Fontana RJ, Su GL et al. NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Hepatology 36(6), 1349-1354 (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 1349-1354
    • Marrero, J.A.1    Fontana, R.J.2    Su, G.L.3
  • 165
    • 0030740659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver
    • Ueno T, Sugawara H, Sujaku K et al. Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver. J. Hepatol. 27(1), 103-107 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Hepatol , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-107
    • Ueno, T.1    Sugawara, H.2    Sujaku, K.3
  • 166
    • 0028022928 scopus 로고
    • Persistent hyperaminotransferasemia resolving after weight reduction in obese children
    • Vajro P, Fontanella A, Perna C et al. Persistent hyperaminotransferasemia resolving after weight reduction in obese children. J. Pediatr. 125(2), 239-241 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Pediatr , vol.125 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-241
    • Vajro, P.1    Fontanella, A.2    Perna, C.3
  • 167
    • 0017331965 scopus 로고
    • Morbid obesity: Problems associated with operative management
    • Dean RH, Scott HW Jr, Shull HJ, Gluck FW. Morbid obesity: problems associated with operative management. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 30(1), 90-97 (1977).
    • (1977) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-97
    • Dean, R.H.1    Scott Jr, H.W.2    Shull, H.J.3    Gluck, F.W.4
  • 168
    • 0014937883 scopus 로고
    • Effect on hepatic morphology of treatment of obesity by fasting, reducing diets and small-bowel bypass
    • Drenick EJ, Simmons F, Murphy JF. Effect on hepatic morphology of treatment of obesity by fasting, reducing diets and small-bowel bypass. N. Engl. J. Med. 282(15), 829-834 (1970).
    • (1970) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.282 , Issue.15 , pp. 829-834
    • Drenick, E.J.1    Simmons, F.2    Murphy, J.F.3
  • 169
    • 27744529742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NAFLD treatment: Cognitive-behavioral therapy has entered the arena
    • Marchesini G, Suppini A, Forlani G. NAFLD treatment: cognitive-behavioral therapy has entered the arena. J. Hepatol. 43(6), 926-928 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Hepatol , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 926-928
    • Marchesini, G.1    Suppini, A.2    Forlani, G.3
  • 170
    • 0037811995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate exercise reduces the risk of heart disease and death in men with type 2 diabetes
    • Rollins G. Moderate exercise reduces the risk of heart disease and death in men with type 2 diabetes. Rep. Med. Guidel. Outcomes. Res. 14(11), 10-12 (2003).
    • (2003) Rep. Med. Guidel. Outcomes. Res , vol.14 , Issue.11 , pp. 10-12
    • Rollins, G.1
  • 171
    • 0037031308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does counseling by clinicians improve physical activity? A summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • Eden KB, Orleans CT, Mulrow CD, Pender NJ, Teutsch SM. Does counseling by clinicians improve physical activity? A summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann. Intern. Med. 137(3), 208-215 (2002).
    • (2002) Ann. Intern. Med , vol.137 , Issue.3 , pp. 208-215
    • Eden, K.B.1    Orleans, C.T.2    Mulrow, C.D.3    Pender, N.J.4    Teutsch, S.M.5
  • 172
    • 0032956992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle substrate metabolism
    • Hoppeler H. Skeletal muscle substrate metabolism. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 23(Suppl. 3), S7-S10 (1999).
    • (1999) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Hoppeler, H.1
  • 173
    • 0034738904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise limitation in health and disease
    • Jones NL, Killian KJ. Exercise limitation in health and disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(9), 632-641 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.343 , Issue.9 , pp. 632-641
    • Jones, N.L.1    Killian, K.J.2
  • 174
    • 0035799806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
    • Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N. Engl. J. Med. 344(18), 1343-1350 (2001).
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.344 , Issue.18 , pp. 1343-1350
    • Tuomilehto, J.1    Lindstrom, J.2    Eriksson, J.G.3
  • 175
    • 0032950947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise training and substrate utilisation in obesity
    • van Baak MA. Exercise training and substrate utilisation in obesity. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 23(Suppl. 3) S11-S17 (1999).
    • (1999) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • van Baak, M.A.1
  • 176
    • 33846649600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monounsaturated fat decreases hepatic lipid content in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
    • Hussein O, Grosovski M, Lasri E et al. Monounsaturated fat decreases hepatic lipid content in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 13(3), 361-368 (2007).
    • (2007) World J Gastroenterol , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 361-368
    • Hussein, O.1    Grosovski, M.2    Lasri, E.3
  • 177
    • 34548396882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in the community
    • Dhingra R, Sullivan L, Jacques PF et al. Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in the community. Circulation 116(5), 480-488 (2007).
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , Issue.5 , pp. 480-488
    • Dhingra, R.1    Sullivan, L.2    Jacques, P.F.3
  • 178
    • 34848830434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term nutritional intake and the risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A population based study
    • Zelber-Sagi S, Nitzan-Kaluski D, Goldsmith R et al. Long term nutritional intake and the risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a population based study. J. Hepatol. 47(5), 711-717 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Hepatol , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 711-717
    • Zelber-Sagi, S.1    Nitzan-Kaluski, D.2    Goldsmith, R.3
  • 179
    • 33646270625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Siebler J, Galle PR. Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 12(14), 2161-2167 (2006).
    • (2006) World J. Gastroenterol , vol.12 , Issue.14 , pp. 2161-2167
    • Siebler, J.1    Galle, P.R.2
  • 180
    • 0037038239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins
    • Kraus WE, Houmard JA, Duscha BD et al. Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. N. Engl. J. Med. 347(19), 1483-1492 (2002).
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.347 , Issue.19 , pp. 1483-1492
    • Kraus, W.E.1    Houmard, J.A.2    Duscha, B.D.3
  • 181
    • 0035085858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver present and emerging therapies
    • Angulo P, Lindor KD. Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver present and emerging therapies. Semin. Liver Dis. 21(1), 81-88 (2001).
    • (2001) Semin. Liver Dis , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-88
    • Angulo, P.1    Lindor, K.D.2
  • 182
    • 27744490794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of changes on body weight and lifestyle in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Suzuki A, Lindor K, St SJ et al. Effect of changes on body weight and lifestyle in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 43(6), 1060-1066 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Hepatol , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 1060-1066
    • Suzuki, A.1    Lindor, K.2    St, S.J.3
  • 183
    • 19144372447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A pilot study
    • Huang MA. Greenson JK, Chao C et al. One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100(5), 1072-1081 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 1072-1081
    • Huang, M.A.1    Greenson, J.K.2    Chao, C.3
  • 184
    • 0037715396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of sibutramine to treat obesity
    • Ryan DH. Use of sibutramine to treat obesity. Prim. Care 30(2), 405-426 (2003).
    • (2003) Prim. Care , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 405-426
    • Ryan, D.H.1
  • 185
  • 186
  • 187
    • 0141515773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sibutramine and orlistat on the ultrasonographic findings, insulin resistance and liver enzyme levels in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Sabuncu T, Nazligul Y, Karaoglanoglu M, Ucar E, Kilic FB. The effects of sibutramine and orlistat on the ultrasonographic findings, insulin resistance and liver enzyme levels in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Rom. J. Gastroenterol. 12(3), 189-192 (2003).
    • (2003) Rom. J. Gastroenterol , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 189-192
    • Sabuncu, T.1    Nazligul, Y.2    Karaoglanoglu, M.3    Ucar, E.4    Kilic, F.B.5
  • 188
    • 33646483917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Zelber-Sagi S, Kessler A, Brazowsky E et al. A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 4(5), 639-644 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 639-644
    • Zelber-Sagi, S.1    Kessler, A.2    Brazowsky, E.3
  • 189
    • 34047119049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss induced by orlistat reverses fatty infiltration and improves hepatic fibrosis in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Assy N, Hussein O, Abassi Z. Weight loss induced by orlistat reverses
    • (2007) Gut , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 443-444
    • Assy, N.1    Hussein, O.2    Abassi, Z.3
  • 190
    • 27844463517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rimonabant on metabolic risk factors in overweight patients with dyslipidemia
    • Despres JP, Golay A, Sjostrom L. Effects of rimonabant on metabolic risk factors in overweight patients with dyslipidemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 353(20), 2121-2134 (2005).
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.353 , Issue.20 , pp. 2121-2134
    • Despres, J.P.1    Golay, A.2    Sjostrom, L.3
  • 191
    • 0033328294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel reversibility of biological markers of the metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis after gastroplasty-induced weight loss in severe obesity
    • Luyckx FH, Scheen AJ, Desaive C, Thiry A, Lefebvre PJ. Parallel reversibility of biological markers of the metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis after gastroplasty-induced weight loss in severe obesity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84(11), 4293 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.84 , Issue.11 , pp. 4293
    • Luyckx, F.H.1    Scheen, A.J.2    Desaive, C.3    Thiry, A.4    Lefebvre, P.J.5
  • 192
    • 84933047295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ursodeoxycholic acid or clofibrate in the treatment of non-alcohol-induced steatohepatitis: A pilot study
    • Laurin J, Lindor KD, Crippin JS et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid or clofibrate in the treatment of non-alcohol-induced steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Hepatology 23(6), 1464-1467 (1996).
    • (1996) Hepatology , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 1464-1467
    • Laurin, J.1    Lindor, K.D.2    Crippin, J.S.3
  • 193
    • 0032776856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of gemfibrozil in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Basaranoglu M, Acbay O, Sonsuz A. A controlled trial of gemfibrozil in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J. Hepatol. 31(2), 384 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Hepatol , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 384
    • Basaranoglu, M.1    Acbay, O.2    Sonsuz, A.3
  • 194
    • 2142768218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with elevated liver enzymes are not at higher risk for statin hepatotoxicity
    • Chalasani N, Aljadhey H, Kesterson J, Murray MD, Hall SD. Patients with elevated liver enzymes are not at higher risk for statin hepatotoxicity. Gastroenterology 126(5), 1287-1292 (2004).
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , Issue.5 , pp. 1287-1292
    • Chalasani, N.1    Aljadhey, H.2    Kesterson, J.3    Murray, M.D.4    Hall, S.D.5
  • 195
    • 0036480219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with liver disease
    • Angulo P. Use of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with liver disease. Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep. 4(1), 37-44 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-44
    • Angulo, P.1
  • 196
    • 1542515099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Results of a randomized trial
    • Lindor KD, Kowdley KV, Heathcote EJ et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trial. Hepatology 39(3), 770-778 (2004).
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 770-778
    • Lindor, K.D.1    Kowdley, K.V.2    Heathcote, E.J.3
  • 197
    • 0034799895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma transforming growth factor-β1 level and efficacy of α-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A pilot study
    • Hasegawa T, Yoneda M, Nakamura K, Makino I, Terano A. Plasma transforming growth factor-β1 level and efficacy of α-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 15(10), 1667-1672 (2001).
    • (2001) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.15 , Issue.10 , pp. 1667-1672
    • Hasegawa, T.1    Yoneda, M.2    Nakamura, K.3    Makino, I.4    Terano, A.5
  • 198
    • 0034126755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: A pilot study
    • Lavine JE. Vitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: a pilot study. J. Pediatr. 136(6), 734-738 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Pediatr , vol.136 , Issue.6 , pp. 734-738
    • Lavine, J.E.1
  • 199
    • 0344742265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Harrison SA, Torgerson S, Hayashi P, Ward J, Schenker S. Vitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 98(11), 2485-2490 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.98 , Issue.11 , pp. 2485-2490
    • Harrison, S.A.1    Torgerson, S.2    Hayashi, P.3    Ward, J.4    Schenker, S.5
  • 200
    • 0034834208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Betaine, a promising new agent for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Results of a pilot study
    • Abdelmalek MF, Angulo P, Jorgensen RA, Sylvestre PB, Lindor KD. Betaine, a promising new agent for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a pilot study. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96(9), 2711-2717 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.96 , Issue.9 , pp. 2711-2717
    • Abdelmalek, M.F.1    Angulo, P.2    Jorgensen, R.A.3    Sylvestre, P.B.4    Lindor, K.D.5
  • 201
    • 0035883890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Marchesini G, Brizi M, Bianchi G et al. Metformin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Lancet 358(9285), 893-894 (2001).
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9285 , pp. 893-894
    • Marchesini, G.1    Brizi, M.2    Bianchi, G.3
  • 202
    • 3142670354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A pilot open label trial
    • Nair S, Diehl AM, Wiseman M, Farr GH Jr, Perrillo RP. Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot open label trial. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 20(1), 23-28 (2004).
    • (2004) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-28
    • Nair, S.1    Diehl, A.M.2    Wiseman, M.3    Farr Jr, G.H.4    Perrillo, R.P.5
  • 203
    • 19144365586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Bugianesi E, Gentilcore E, Manini R et al. A randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100(5), 1082-1090 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 1082-1090
    • Bugianesi, E.1    Gentilcore, E.2    Manini, R.3
  • 204
    • 1642296465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Uygun A, Kadayifci A, Isik AT et al. Metformin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 19(5), 537-544 (2004).
    • (2004) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 537-544
    • Uygun, A.1    Kadayifci, A.2    Isik, A.T.3
  • 205
    • 0031577549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up-regulation of UCP-2 gene expression by PPAR agonists in preadipose and adipose cells
    • Aubert J, Champigny O, Saint-Marc P et al. Up-regulation of UCP-2 gene expression by PPAR agonists in preadipose and adipose cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 238(2), 606-611 (1997).
    • (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , vol.238 , Issue.2 , pp. 606-611
    • Aubert, J.1    Champigny, O.2    Saint-Marc, P.3
  • 206
    • 0032934104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a thiazolidinedione compound on body fat and fat distribution of patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Kelly IE, Han TS, Walsh K, Lean ME. Effects of a thiazolidinedione compound on body fat and fat distribution of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 22(2), 288-293 (1999).
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 288-293
    • Kelly, I.E.1    Han, T.S.2    Walsh, K.3    Lean, M.E.4
  • 207
    • 0030773456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of troglitazone and metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism: Alterations of two distinct molecular pathways
    • Lenhard JM, Kliewer SA, Paulik MA et al. Effects of troglitazone and metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism: alterations of two distinct molecular pathways. Biochem. Pharmacol. 54(7), 801-808 (1997).
    • (1997) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.54 , Issue.7 , pp. 801-808
    • Lenhard, J.M.1    Kliewer, S.A.2    Paulik, M.A.3
  • 208
    • 0032409985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones and insulin resistance-peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ activation stimulates expression of the CAP gene
    • Ribon V, Johnson JH, Camp HS, Saltiel AR. Thiazolidinediones and insulin resistance-peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ activation stimulates expression of the CAP gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95(25), 14751-14756 (1998).
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , Issue.25 , pp. 14751-14756
    • Ribon, V.1    Johnson, J.H.2    Camp, H.S.3    Saltiel, A.R.4
  • 209
    • 0033542873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
    • Vamecq J, Latruffe N. Medical significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Lancet 354(9173), 141-148 (1999).
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.9173 , pp. 141-148
    • Vamecq, J.1    Latruffe, N.2
  • 210
    • 0035120396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Caldwell SH, Hespenheide EE, Redick JA et al. A pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96(2), 519-525 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.96 , Issue.2 , pp. 519-525
    • Caldwell, S.H.1    Hespenheide, E.E.2    Redick, J.A.3
  • 211
    • 0342502229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe cholestatic hepatitis from troglitazone in a patient with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes mellitus
    • Menon KVN, Angulo P, Lindor KD. Severe cholestatic hepatitis from troglitazone in a patient with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes mellitus. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96(5), 1631-1634 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.96 , Issue.5 , pp. 1631-1634
    • Menon, K.V.N.1    Angulo, P.2    Lindor, K.D.3
  • 212
    • 0141532275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis after 48 weeks of treatment with the PPAR-gamma ligand rosiglitazone
    • Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Brunt EM, Wehmeier KR, Oliver D, Bacon BR. Improved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis after 48 weeks of treatment with the PPAR-gamma ligand rosiglitazone. Hepatology 38(4), 1008-1017 (2003).
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1008-1017
    • Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A.1    Brunt, E.M.2    Wehmeier, K.R.3    Oliver, D.4    Bacon, B.R.5
  • 213
    • 1442355447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Promrat K, Lutchman G, Uwaifo GI et al. A pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 39(1), 188-196 (2004).
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 188-196
    • Promrat, K.1    Lutchman, G.2    Uwaifo, G.I.3
  • 214
    • 14944359845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Sanyal AJ, Mofrad PS, Contos MJ et al. A pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2(12), 1107-1115 (2004).
    • (2004) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol , vol.2 , Issue.12 , pp. 1107-1115
    • Sanyal, A.J.1    Mofrad, P.S.2    Contos, M.J.3
  • 215
    • 33751545838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Belfort R, Harrison SA, Brown K et al. A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 355(22), 2297-2307 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.355 , Issue.22 , pp. 2297-2307
    • Belfort, R.1    Harrison, S.A.2    Brown, K.3
  • 216
    • 27644544209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: The treatment of fatty liver disease associated with the metabolic syndrome
    • Marchesini G, Natale S, Manini R, Agostini F. Review article: the treatment of fatty liver disease associated with the metabolic syndrome. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 22(Suppl. 2), 37-39 (2005).
    • (2005) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 37-39
    • Marchesini, G.1    Natale, S.2    Manini, R.3    Agostini, F.4
  • 217
    • 34548319082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rosiglitazone on the liver histology and mitochondrial function in ob/ob mice
    • Garcia-Ruiz I, Rodriguez-Juan C, Diaz-Sanjuan T et al. Effects of rosiglitazone on the liver histology and mitochondrial function in ob/ob mice. Hepatology 46(2), 414-423 (2007).
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 414-423
    • Garcia-Ruiz, I.1    Rodriguez-Juan, C.2    Diaz-Sanjuan, T.3
  • 218
    • 34250212715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes
    • Nissen SE, Wolski K. Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. N. Engl. J. Med. 356(24), 2457-2471 (2007).
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.356 , Issue.24 , pp. 2457-2471
    • Nissen, S.E.1    Wolski, K.2
  • 219
    • 34548580881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term risk of cardiovascular events with rosiglitazone: A meta-analysis
    • Singh S, Loke YK, Furberg CD. Long-term risk of cardiovascular events with rosiglitazone: a meta-analysis. JAMA 298(10), 1189-1195 (2007).
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , Issue.10 , pp. 1189-1195
    • Singh, S.1    Loke, Y.K.2    Furberg, C.D.3
  • 220
    • 26244453309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macro Vascular Events): A randomised controlled trial
    • Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJ et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macro Vascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366(9493), 1279-1289 (2005).
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , Issue.9493 , pp. 1279-1289
    • Dormandy, J.A.1    Charbonnel, B.2    Eckland, D.J.3
  • 221
    • 34548590934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pioglitazone and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Lincoff AM, Wolski K, Nicholls SJ, Nissen SE. Pioglitazone and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA 298(10), 1180-1188 (2007).
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , Issue.10 , pp. 1180-1188
    • Lincoff, A.M.1    Wolski, K.2    Nicholls, S.J.3    Nissen, S.E.4
  • 222
    • 7044269614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition by pentoxifylline on Clinical, biochemical, and metabolic parameters of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Satapathy SK, Garg S, Chauhan R et al. Beneficial effects of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition by pentoxifylline on Clinical, biochemical, and metabolic parameters of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99(10), 1946-1952 (2004).
    • (2004) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.99 , Issue.10 , pp. 1946-1952
    • Satapathy, S.K.1    Garg, S.2    Chauhan, R.3
  • 223
    • 11144249271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot trial of pentoxifylline in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Adams LA, Zein CO, Angulo P, Lindor KD. A pilot trial of pentoxifylline in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99(12), 2365-2368 (2004).
    • (2004) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.99 , Issue.12 , pp. 2365-2368
    • Adams, L.A.1    Zein, C.O.2    Angulo, P.3    Lindor, K.D.4
  • 224
    • 33749253691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of bariatric surgery: An interim analysis
    • Kushner RF, Noble CA. Long-term outcome of bariatric surgery: an interim analysis. Mayo Clin. Proc. 81(10 Suppl.), S46-S51 (2006).
    • (2006) Mayo Clin. Proc , vol.81 , Issue.10 SUPPL.
    • Kushner, R.F.1    Noble, C.A.2
  • 225
    • 0034925012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a cause of advanced liver disease
    • Charlton M, Kasparova P, Weston S et al. Frequency of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a cause of advanced liver disease. Liver Transpl. 7(7), 608-614 (2001).
    • (2001) Liver Transpl , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 608-614
    • Charlton, M.1    Kasparova, P.2    Weston, S.3
  • 226
    • 0035052345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis
    • Contos MJ, Cales W, Sterling RK et al. Development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis. Liver Transpl. 7(4), 363-373 (2001).
    • (2001) Liver Transpl , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 363-373
    • Contos, M.J.1    Cales, W.2    Sterling, R.K.3
  • 227
    • 14544308375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A clinical review
    • Sass DA, Chang P, Chopra KB. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a clinical review. Dig. Dis. Sci. 50(1), 171-180 (2005).
    • (2005) Dig. Dis. Sci , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 171-180
    • Sass, D.A.1    Chang, P.2    Chopra, K.B.3
  • 228
    • 0016157763 scopus 로고
    • Liver ultrastructure in aβ-lipoproteinemia: Evolution of micronodular cirrhosis
    • Partin JS, Partin JC, Schubert WK, McAdams AJ. Liver ultrastructure in aβ-lipoproteinemia: Evolution of micronodular cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 67(1), 107-118 (1974).
    • (1974) Gastroenterology , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-118
    • Partin, J.S.1    Partin, J.C.2    Schubert, W.K.3    McAdams, A.J.4
  • 230
    • 0030756162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature oxidative aging of hepatic mitochondrial DNA in Wilson's disease
    • Mansouri A, Gaou I, Fromenty B et al. Premature oxidative aging of hepatic mitochondrial DNA in Wilson's disease. Gastroenterology 113(2), 599-605 (1997).
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.113 , Issue.2 , pp. 599-605
    • Mansouri, A.1    Gaou, I.2    Fromenty, B.3
  • 231
    • 0029154620 scopus 로고
    • liver disturbances in obesity and diabetes mellitus
    • Van SW, Lanckmans S. liver disturbances in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 19(Suppl. 3), S27-S36 (1995).
    • (1995) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Van, S.W.1    Lanckmans, S.2
  • 232
    • 0029883098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic steatosis revealing celiac disease: A case complicated by transitory liver failure
    • Cassagnou M, Boruchowicz A, Guillemot F et al. Hepatic steatosis revealing celiac disease: a case complicated by transitory liver failure. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 91(6), 1291-1292 (1996).
    • (1996) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.91 , Issue.6 , pp. 1291-1292
    • Cassagnou, M.1    Boruchowicz, A.2    Guillemot, F.3
  • 233
    • 0021638342 scopus 로고
    • Amiodarone hepatotoxicity simulating alcoholic liver disease
    • Simon JB, Manley PN, Brien JF, Armstrong PW. Amiodarone hepatotoxicity simulating alcoholic liver disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 311(3), 167-172 (1984).
    • (1984) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.311 , Issue.3 , pp. 167-172
    • Simon, J.B.1    Manley, P.N.2    Brien, J.F.3    Armstrong, P.W.4
  • 234
    • 0015233284 scopus 로고
    • Liver damage due to methotrexate in patients with psoriasis
    • Dahl MG, Gregory MM, Scheuer PJ. Liver damage due to methotrexate in patients with psoriasis. Br. Med. J. 1(750), 625-630 (1971).
    • (1971) Br. Med. J , vol.1 , Issue.750 , pp. 625-630
    • Dahl, M.G.1    Gregory, M.M.2    Scheuer, P.J.3
  • 235
    • 0033985993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tamoxifen-induced transient multifocal hepatic fatty infiltration
    • Cai Q, Bensen M, Greene R, Kirchner J. Tamoxifen-induced transient multifocal hepatic fatty infiltration. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95(1), 277-279 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 277-279
    • Cai, Q.1    Bensen, M.2    Greene, R.3    Kirchner, J.4
  • 236
    • 0029056392 scopus 로고
    • Tamoxifen-associated steatohepatitis - report of three cases
    • Pinto HC, Baptista A, Camilo ME et al. Tamoxifen-associated steatohepatitis - report of three cases. J. Hepatol. 23(1), 95-97 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Hepatol , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 95-97
    • Pinto, H.C.1    Baptista, A.2    Camilo, M.E.3
  • 237
    • 0036117963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute severe steatohepatitis related to prednisolone therapy
    • Dourakis SP, Sevastianos VA, Kaliopi P. Acute severe steatohepatitis related to prednisolone therapy. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 97(4), 1074-1075 (2002).
    • (2002) Am. J. Gastroenterol , vol.97 , Issue.4 , pp. 1074-1075
    • Dourakis, S.P.1    Sevastianos, V.A.2    Kaliopi, P.3
  • 238
    • 0037076029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in mitochondrial DNA as a marker of nucleoside toxicity in HIV-infected patients
    • Cote HC, Brumme ZL, Craib KJ et al. Changes in mitochondrial DNA as a marker of nucleoside toxicity in HIV-infected patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 346(11), 811-820 (2002).
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.346 , Issue.11 , pp. 811-820
    • Cote, H.C.1    Brumme, Z.L.2    Craib, K.J.3
  • 239
    • 0032788252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A toxic liver disease in industrial workers
    • Cotrim HP, Andrade ZA, Parana R et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a toxic liver disease in industrial workers. Liver 19(4), 299-304 (1999).
    • (1999) Liver , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 299-304
    • Cotrim, H.P.1    Andrade, Z.A.2    Parana, R.3
  • 240
    • 0025357951 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and pathological characteristics of hepatotoxicity associated with occupational exposure to dimethylformamide
    • Redlich CA, West AB, Fleming L et al. Clinical and pathological characteristics of hepatotoxicity associated with occupational exposure to dimethylformamide. Gastroenterology 99(3), 748-757 (1990).
    • (1990) Gastroenterology , vol.99 , Issue.3 , pp. 748-757
    • Redlich, C.A.1    West, A.B.2    Fleming, L.3
  • 241
    • 4243315730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in petrochemoical workers: Follow up of those removed from exposure area and those who remained
    • Cotrim H, Freitas LA, Freitas C et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in petrochemoical workers: follow up of those removed from exposure area and those who remained. Hepatology 36, 983A (2002).
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36
    • Cotrim, H.1    Freitas, L.A.2    Freitas, C.3
  • 242
    • 0031851293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation
    • Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet. Med. 15(7), 539-553 (1998).
    • (1998) Diabet. Med , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 539-553
    • Alberti, K.G.1    Zimmet, P.Z.2
  • 243
    • 0037126526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report
    • Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program NCEP
    • Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 106(25), 3143-3421 (2002).
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , Issue.25 , pp. 3143-3421
  • 244
    • 0842277242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. Definition of metabolic syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 109(3), 433-438 (2004).
    • Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. Definition of metabolic syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 109(3), 433-438 (2004).
  • 245
    • 27444443876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement
    • Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels S R et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 112(17), 2735-2752 (2005).
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , Issue.17 , pp. 2735-2752
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Cleeman, J.I.2    Daniels, S.R.3
  • 247
    • 49149121501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Diagnosis and clinical outcomes
    • American Association for the Study of Liver Disease
    • Reid AE, Wright TL, Rocky DC. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Diagnosis and clinical outcomes. In: Liver Disease: From Bench to Bedside. American Association for the Study of Liver Disease, 83-89 (2004).
    • (2004) Liver Disease: From Bench to Bedside , pp. 83-89
    • Reid, A.E.1    Wright, T.L.2    Rocky, D.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.