메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 241-253

An integrated and unifying hypothesis for the metabolic basis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; Ketone; Neurodegeneration

Indexed keywords

ADENYLATE KINASE; INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; INSULIN RECEPTOR; KETONE BODY; NEURONAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; NITRIC OXIDE; PEROXYNITRITE;

EID: 47849121436     PISSN: 13872877     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2008-13302     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (80)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0036311771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aging brain. Changes in the neuronal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger lateonset sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD). A mini-review
    • S. Hoyer, The aging brain. Changes in the neuronal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger lateonset sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD). A mini-review, J Neural Transm 109 (2002), 991-1002.
    • (2002) J Neural Transm , vol.109 , pp. 991-1002
    • Hoyer, S.1
  • 2
    • 15244344784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin signaling, diabetes and risk of Alzheimer disease
    • X. Zhu, G. Perry and M.A. Smith, Insulin signaling, diabetes and risk of Alzheimer disease, J Alzheimers Dis 7 (2005), 81-84.
    • (2005) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.7 , pp. 81-84
    • Zhu, X.1    Perry, G.2    Smith, M.A.3
  • 3
    • 11144358391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dementia: The leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: the Cache County study
    • J.T. Tschantz, C. Corcoran, I. Skoog, A.S. Khachaturian, J. Herrick et al., Dementia: the leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: the Cache County study, Neurology 62 (2004), 1156-1162.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , pp. 1156-1162
    • Tschantz, J.T.1    Corcoran, C.2    Skoog, I.3    Khachaturian, A.S.4    Herrick, J.5
  • 4
    • 29844432266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin, insulin-degrading enzyme and amyloid-b peptide in Alzheimer's disease: Review and hypothesis
    • W.Q. Qiu and M.F. Folstein, Insulin, insulin-degrading enzyme and amyloid-b peptide in Alzheimer's disease: review and hypothesis, Neurobiol Aging 27 (2006), 190-198.
    • (2006) Neurobiol Aging , vol.27 , pp. 190-198
    • Qiu, W.Q.1    Folstein, M.F.2
  • 6
    • 0036591657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does insulin dysfunction play a role in Alzheimer's disease?
    • L. Gasparini, W.J. Netzer, P. Greengard and H. Xu, Does insulin dysfunction play a role in Alzheimer's disease? Trends Pharmacol Sci 23 (2002), 288-293.
    • (2002) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.23 , pp. 288-293
    • Gasparini, L.1    Netzer, W.J.2    Greengard, P.3    Xu, H.4
  • 7
    • 0029081345 scopus 로고
    • Glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and cognitive function in a general population of elderly men
    • S. Kalmijn, E.J.M. Feskens, L.J. Launer, T. Stijnen and D. Kromhout, Glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and cognitive function in a general population of elderly men, Diabetologia 38 (1995), 1096-1102.
    • (1995) Diabetologia , vol.38 , pp. 1096-1102
    • Kalmijn, S.1    Feskens, E.J.M.2    Launer, L.J.3    Stijnen, T.4    Kromhout, D.5
  • 8
    • 0031888289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive function in an elderly populaton with persistent impaired glucose tolerance
    • M. Vanhanen, K. Koivisto, K. Kuusisto, L. Mykanen, E.L. Helkale et al., Cognitive function in an elderly populaton with persistent impaired glucose tolerance, Diabetes Care 21 (1998), 398-408.
    • (1998) Diabetes Care , vol.21 , pp. 398-408
    • Vanhanen, M.1    Koivisto, K.2    Kuusisto, K.3    Mykanen, L.4    Helkale, E.L.5
  • 9
    • 33845496126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperinsulinemia and cognitive decline in a middle-aged cohort
    • S.A. Young, A.G. Mainous and M. Carnemolla, Hyperinsulinemia and cognitive decline in a middle-aged cohort, Diabetes Care 29 (2006), 2688-2693.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 2688-2693
    • Young, S.A.1    Mainous, A.G.2    Carnemolla, M.3
  • 10
    • 0033664539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptors and insulin action in the brain: Review and clinical implications
    • R.J. Schulingkamp, T.C. Pagano, D. Hung and R.B. Raffa, Insulin receptors and insulin action in the brain: review and clinical implications, Neurosci Biobehav Rev 24 (2000), 855-872.
    • (2000) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.24 , pp. 855-872
    • Schulingkamp, R.J.1    Pagano, T.C.2    Hung, D.3    Raffa, R.B.4
  • 12
    • 0018090354 scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system of the rat
    • J. Havrankova, J. Roth and M. Brownstein, Insulin receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system of the rat, Nature 272 (1978), 827-829.
    • (1978) Nature , vol.272 , pp. 827-829
    • Havrankova, J.1    Roth, J.2    Brownstein, M.3
  • 13
    • 0037303635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain insulin: Regulation, mechanisms of action and functions
    • K. Gerozissis, Brain insulin: regulation, mechanisms of action and functions, Cell Molecul Neurobiol 23 (2003), 1-25.
    • (2003) Cell Molecul Neurobiol , vol.23 , pp. 1-25
    • Gerozissis, K.1
  • 15
    • 0021326129 scopus 로고
    • Characterization and regulation of insulin receptors in rat brain
    • N.R. Zahniser, M.B. Goens, P.J. Hanaway and J.V. Vinych, Characterization and regulation of insulin receptors in rat brain, J Neurochem 42 (1984), 1354-1362.
    • (1984) J Neurochem , vol.42 , pp. 1354-1362
    • Zahniser, N.R.1    Goens, M.B.2    Hanaway, P.J.3    Vinych, J.V.4
  • 16
    • 0024625005 scopus 로고
    • Insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors in the nervous system
    • M. Adamo, M.K. Raizada and D. LeRoith, Insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors in the nervous system, Mol Neurobiol 3 (1989), 71-100.
    • (1989) Mol Neurobiol , vol.3 , pp. 71-100
    • Adamo, M.1    Raizada, M.K.2    LeRoith, D.3
  • 17
    • 0035947044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of insulin and insulin receptor in learning and memory
    • W.Q. Zhao and D.L. Alkon, Role of insulin and insulin receptor in learning and memory, Mol Cell Endocrinol 177 (2001), 125-134.
    • (2001) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.177 , pp. 125-134
    • Zhao, W.Q.1    Alkon, D.L.2
  • 18
    • 0036311771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aging brain. Changes in the neuronal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger lateonset sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD)
    • S. Hoyer, The aging brain. Changes in the neuronal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger lateonset sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD), J Neural Transm 109 (2002), 991-1002.
    • (2002) J Neural Transm , vol.109 , pp. 991-1002
    • Hoyer, S.1
  • 19
    • 34547624611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suply and demand in cerebral energy metabolism: The role of nutrient transporters
    • I.A. Simpson, A. Carruthers and S.J. Vannucci, Suply and demand in cerebral energy metabolism: the role of nutrient transporters, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 27 (2007), 1766-1791.
    • (2007) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.27 , pp. 1766-1791
    • Simpson, I.A.1    Carruthers, A.2    Vannucci, S.J.3
  • 20
    • 33646846157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance, inflammation, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease. Lessons for multiple sclerosis
    • G.S. Watson and S. Craft, Insulin resistance, inflammation, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease. Lessons for multiple sclerosis, J Neurol Sci 245 (2006), 21-33.
    • (2006) J Neurol Sci , vol.245 , pp. 21-33
    • Watson, G.S.1    Craft, S.2
  • 21
    • 0035871641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein trafficking by insulin reduces intraneural beta-amyloid and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling
    • L. Gasparini, G.K. Gouras, R. Wang, R.S. Gross, M.F. Beal, P. Greengard et al., Stimulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein trafficking by insulin reduces intraneural beta-amyloid and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, J Neurosci 21 (2001), 2561-2570.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 2561-2570
    • Gasparini, L.1    Gouras, G.K.2    Wang, R.3    Gross, R.S.4    Beal, M.F.5    Greengard, P.6
  • 22
    • 0036829434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyloid-beta and tau serve antioxidant functions in the aging and Alzheimer brain
    • M.A. Smith, G. Casadesus, J.A. Joseph and G. Perry, Amyloid-beta and tau serve antioxidant functions in the aging and Alzheimer brain, Free Radic Biol Med 33 (2002), 1194-1199.
    • (2002) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.33 , pp. 1194-1199
    • Smith, M.A.1    Casadesus, G.2    Joseph, J.A.3    Perry, G.4
  • 24
    • 15244350991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression, signaling, and malfunction in the central nervous system: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease
    • S.M. de la Monte and J.R. Wands, Review of insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression, signaling, and malfunction in the central nervous system: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease, J Alzheimers Dis 7 (2005), 45-46.
    • (2005) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.7 , pp. 45-46
    • de la Monte, S.M.1    Wands, J.R.2
  • 25
    • 0038711749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethanol impairs insulin stimulated neuronal survival in the developing brain: Role of PTEN phosphatase
    • J. Xu, J.E. Yeon, G. Chang, G. Tison, S.M. De La Monte et al., Ethanol impairs insulin stimulated neuronal survival in the developing brain: Role of PTEN phosphatase, J Biol Chem 278 (2003), 26929-26937.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 26929-26937
    • Xu, J.1    Yeon, J.E.2    Chang, G.3    Tison, G.4    De La Monte, S.M.5
  • 26
    • 0034175688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in neuronal apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal
    • M. Hetman, J.E. Cavanagh, D. Kimelman and Z. Xia, Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in neuronal apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal, J Neurosci 20 (2000), 2567-2574.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 2567-2574
    • Hetman, M.1    Cavanagh, J.E.2    Kimelman, D.3    Xia, Z.4
  • 27
    • 0031238567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic pathways for glucose in astrocytes
    • H. Wiesinger, B. Hamprecht and R. Dringen, Metabolic pathways for glucose in astrocytes, Glia 21 (1997), 22-34.
    • (1997) Glia , vol.21 , pp. 22-34
    • Wiesinger, H.1    Hamprecht, B.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 28
    • 33846271011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular bases of brain energy metabolism and their relevance to functional brain imaging: Evidence for a prominent role of astrocytes
    • P.J. Magistretti and L. Pellerin, Cellular bases of brain energy metabolism and their relevance to functional brain imaging: evidence for a prominent role of astrocytes, Cereb Cortex 6 (1996), 50-61.
    • (1996) Cereb Cortex , vol.6 , pp. 50-61
    • Magistretti, P.J.1    Pellerin, L.2
  • 29
    • 0029294583 scopus 로고
    • The human blood-brain barrier glucose transporter (GLUT1) is a glucose transporter of gray matter astrocytes
    • S. Morgello, R.R. Uson, E.J. Schwartz and R.S. Haber, The human blood-brain barrier glucose transporter (GLUT1) is a glucose transporter of gray matter astrocytes, Glia 14 (1995), 43-54.
    • (1995) Glia , vol.14 , pp. 43-54
    • Morgello, S.1    Uson, R.R.2    Schwartz, E.J.3    Haber, R.S.4
  • 30
    • 33745872953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of astroglial energy metabolism by nitric oxide
    • J.P. Bolanos and A. Almeida, Modulation of astroglial energy metabolism by nitric oxide, Antioxid Redox Signal 8 (2006), 955-965.
    • (2006) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.8 , pp. 955-965
    • Bolanos, J.P.1    Almeida, A.2
  • 31
    • 33748896023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition between glucose and lactate as oxidative energy substrates in both neurons and astrocytes: A comparative NMR study
    • A.-K. Bouzier-Sore, P. Voisin, V. Bouchaud, E. Bezancon, J.-M. Franconi and L. Pellerin, Competition between glucose and lactate as oxidative energy substrates in both neurons and astrocytes: a comparative NMR study, Eur J Neurosci 24 (2006), 1687-1694.
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1687-1694
    • Bouzier-Sore, A.-K.1    Voisin, P.2    Bouchaud, V.3    Bezancon, E.4    Franconi, J.-M.5    Pellerin, L.6
  • 32
    • 0035824167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomography in evaluation of dementia: Regional brain metabolism and long-term outcome
    • D.H. Silverman, G.W. Small, C.Y. Chang, C.S. Lu, M.A.Kung De Aburto, W. Chen et al., Positron emission tomography in evaluation of dementia: regional brain metabolism and long-term outcome, JAMA 286 (2001), 2110-2117.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 2110-2117
    • Silverman, D.H.1    Small, G.W.2    Chang, C.Y.3    Lu, C.S.4    Kung De Aburto, M.A.5    Chen, W.6
  • 33
    • 0029869755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose regulation and cognitive functions: Relation to Alzheimer's disease and diabetes
    • C. Messier and M. Gagnon, Glucose regulation and cognitive functions: Relation to Alzheimer's disease and diabetes, Behav Brain Res 75 (1996), 1-11.
    • (1996) Behav Brain Res , vol.75 , pp. 1-11
    • Messier, C.1    Gagnon, M.2
  • 34
    • 0031928535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is sporadic Alzheimer disease the brain type of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus? A challenging hypothesis
    • S. Hoyer, Is sporadic Alzheimer disease the brain type of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus? A challenging hypothesis, J Neural Transm 105 (1998), 415-422.
    • (1998) J Neural Transm , vol.105 , pp. 415-422
    • Hoyer, S.1
  • 35
    • 34249821079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain mitochondrial dysfunction as link between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes
    • P.I. Moreira, M.S. Santos, R. Seiça and C.R. Oliveira, Brain mitochondrial dysfunction as link between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes, J Neurol Sci 257 (2007), 206-214.
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.257 , pp. 206-214
    • Moreira, P.I.1    Santos, M.S.2    Seiça, R.3    Oliveira, C.R.4
  • 37
    • 15244351255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired insulin insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease-is this type 3 diabetes?
    • E. Steen, B.M. Terry, E.J. Rivera, J.L. Cannon, S.M. de la Monte et al., Impaired insulin insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease-is this type 3 diabetes? J Alzheimers Dis 7 (2005), 63-80.
    • (2005) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.7 , pp. 63-80
    • Steen, E.1    Terry, B.M.2    Rivera, E.J.3    Cannon, J.L.4    de la Monte, S.M.5
  • 38
    • 0035577767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain metabolism and brain disease: Is metabolic deficiency the proximate cause of Alzheimer dementia?
    • J.P. Blass, Brain metabolism and brain disease: is metabolic deficiency the proximate cause of Alzheimer dementia? J Neurosci Res 66 (2001), 851-856.
    • (2001) J Neurosci Res , vol.66 , pp. 851-856
    • Blass, J.P.1
  • 39
    • 33845468713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: Pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic implications
    • S. Craft, Insulin resistance syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic implications, Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20 (2006), 298-301.
    • (2006) Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord , vol.20 , pp. 298-301
    • Craft, S.1
  • 40
    • 34249821079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain mitochondrial dysfunction as a link between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes
    • P.I. Moreira, M.S. Santos, R. Seiça and C.R. Oliveira, Brain mitochondrial dysfunction as a link between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes, J Neurol Sci 257 (2007), 206-214.
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.257 , pp. 206-214
    • Moreira, P.I.1    Santos, M.S.2    Seiça, R.3    Oliveira, C.R.4
  • 41
    • 0034512488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial spiral: An adequate cause of dementia in Alzheimer syndrome
    • J.P. Blass, The mitochondrial spiral: an adequate cause of dementia in Alzheimer syndrome, Ann NY Acad Sci 924 (2000), 170-183.
    • (2000) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.924 , pp. 170-183
    • Blass, J.P.1
  • 42
    • 24644443839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress: The old enemy in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology
    • P.I. Moreira, K. Honda, Q. Liu, M.S. Santos, C.R. Oliveira et al., Oxidative stress: the old enemy in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology, Curr Alzheimer Res 2 (2005), 403-408.
    • (2005) Curr Alzheimer Res , vol.2 , pp. 403-408
    • Moreira, P.I.1    Honda, K.2    Liu, Q.3    Santos, M.S.4    Oliveira, C.R.5
  • 43
    • 0034643340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normalizing mitochondrial superoxide production blocks three pathways of hyperglycemic damage
    • T. Nishikawa, D. Edelstein, X.L. Du, S. Yamagashi, T. Matsumura, Y. Kaneda et al., Normalizing mitochondrial superoxide production blocks three pathways of hyperglycemic damage, Nature 404 (2000), 787-790.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 787-790
    • Nishikawa, T.1    Edelstein, D.2    Du, X.L.3    Yamagashi, S.4    Matsumura, T.5    Kaneda, Y.6
  • 44
    • 34247367165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sanfeliu and R. Cristòfol, Astrocytes aged in vitro show a decreased neuroprotective capacity
    • M. Pertusa, S. Garcia-Matas, C. Rodríguez-Farré, Sanfeliu and R. Cristòfol, Astrocytes aged in vitro show a decreased neuroprotective capacity, J Neurochem 101 (2007), 794-805.
    • (2007) J Neurochem , vol.101 , pp. 794-805
    • Pertusa, M.1    Garcia-Matas, S.2    Rodríguez-Farré, C.3
  • 45
    • 34447128136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of astrocytes by CNTF induces metabolic plasticity and increases resistance to metabolic insults
    • C. Escartin, K. Pierre, A. Colin, E. Brouillet, T. Delzescaux, M. Guillermier et al., Activation of astrocytes by CNTF induces metabolic plasticity and increases resistance to metabolic insults, J Neurosci 27 (2007), 7094-7104.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 7094-7104
    • Escartin, C.1    Pierre, K.2    Colin, A.3    Brouillet, E.4    Delzescaux, T.5    Guillermier, M.6
  • 47
    • 35748957129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of glutamate transporters in the modulation of stress-induced lactate metabolism in the rat brain
    • T. Uehara, T. Sumiyoshi, H. Itoh and M. Kurachi, Role of glutamate transporters in the modulation of stress-induced lactate metabolism in the rat brain, Psychopharmacology 195 (2007), 297-302.
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology , vol.195 , pp. 297-302
    • Uehara, T.1    Sumiyoshi, T.2    Itoh, H.3    Kurachi, M.4
  • 48
    • 23444445363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How astrocytes feed hungry neurons
    • L. Pellerin, How astrocytes feed hungry neurons, Mol Neurobiol 32 (2005), 59-72.
    • (2005) Mol Neurobiol , vol.32 , pp. 59-72
    • Pellerin, L.1
  • 50
    • 33645109251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte control of fetal cortical neuron glutathione homeostasis: Up-regulation by ethanol
    • M.L. Rathinam, L.T. Watts, A.A. Stark, L. Mahimainathan, J. Stewart et al., Astrocyte control of fetal cortical neuron glutathione homeostasis: up-regulation by ethanol, J Neurochem 96 (2006), 1289-1300.
    • (2006) J Neurochem , vol.96 , pp. 1289-1300
    • Rathinam, M.L.1    Watts, L.T.2    Stark, A.A.3    Mahimainathan, L.4    Stewart, J.5
  • 51
    • 0038308447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effect of nitric oxide on glutathione metabolism and mitochondrial function in astrocytes and neurons: Implications for neuroprotection/neurodegeneration?
    • M. Gegg, B. Beltran, S. Salas-Pino, J.P. Bolanos, S. Moncada and D.J.R. Heales, Differential effect of nitric oxide on glutathione metabolism and mitochondrial function in astrocytes and neurons: implications for neuroprotection/neurodegeneration? J Neurochem 186 (2003), 228-237.
    • (2003) J Neurochem , vol.186 , pp. 228-237
    • Gegg, M.1    Beltran, B.2    Salas-Pino, S.3    Bolanos, J.P.4    Moncada, S.5    Heales, D.J.R.6
  • 52
    • 0034785454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of glucose transporter GLUT3 by endotoxin in cultured rat astrocytes: The role of nitric oxide
    • P. Cidad, P. Garcia-Nogales, A. Almeida and J.P. Bolaños, Expression of glucose transporter GLUT3 by endotoxin in cultured rat astrocytes: the role of nitric oxide, J Neurochem 79 (2001), 17-24.
    • (2001) J Neurochem , vol.79 , pp. 17-24
    • Cidad, P.1    Garcia-Nogales, P.2    Almeida, A.3    Bolaños, J.P.4
  • 53
    • 33745225026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMP-activated protein kinase- development of the energy sensor concept
    • D.G. Hardie, S.A. Hawley and J.W. Scott, AMP-activated protein kinase- development of the energy sensor concept, J Physiol 574 (2006), 7-15.
    • (2006) J Physiol , vol.574 , pp. 7-15
    • Hardie, D.G.1    Hawley, S.A.2    Scott, J.W.3
  • 54
    • 0035346949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there an astrocyte-neuron ketone body shuttle?
    • M. Guzmán and C. Blázquez, Is there an astrocyte-neuron ketone body shuttle? Trends Endocrinol Metab 12 (2001), 169-173.
    • (2001) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.12 , pp. 169-173
    • Guzmán, M.1    Blázquez, C.2
  • 55
    • 0344994496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in the regulation of ketone body production by astrocytes
    • C. Blázquez, A. Woods, M.L. de Ceballos, D. Carling and M. Guzmán, The AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in the regulation of ketone body production by astrocytes, J Neurochem 73 (1999), 1674-1682.
    • (1999) J Neurochem , vol.73 , pp. 1674-1682
    • Blázquez, C.1    Woods, A.2    de Ceballos, M.L.3    Carling, D.4    Guzmán, M.5
  • 56
    • 20144368904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase provides neuroprotection in stroke
    • L.D. McCullough, Z. Zeng, H. Li, L.E. Landree, J. McFadden and D.V. Ronnett, Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase provides neuroprotection in stroke, J Biol Chem 280 (2005), 20493-20502.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 20493-20502
    • McCullough, L.D.1    Zeng, Z.2    Li, H.3    Landree, L.E.4    McFadden, J.5    Ronnett, D.V.6
  • 57
    • 1342310736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide switches on glycolysis through the AMP protein kinase and phosphofructo-2-kinase pathway
    • A. Almeida, S. Moncado and J.P. Bolaños, Nitric oxide switches on glycolysis through the AMP protein kinase and phosphofructo-2-kinase pathway, Nat Cell Biol 6 (2004), 45-51.
    • (2004) Nat Cell Biol , vol.6 , pp. 45-51
    • Almeida, A.1    Moncado, S.2    Bolaños, J.P.3
  • 58
    • 33745199458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing a head for energy sensing: AMP-activated protein kinase as a multifunctional metabolic sensor in the brain
    • S. Ramamurthy and G.V. Ronnet, Developing a head for energy sensing: AMP-activated protein kinase as a multifunctional metabolic sensor in the brain, J Physiol 574 (2006), 85-93.
    • (2006) J Physiol , vol.574 , pp. 85-93
    • Ramamurthy, S.1    Ronnet, G.V.2
  • 59
    • 1642499162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-b-4-ribofuranoside inhibits proinflammatory response in glial cells: A possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase
    • S. Giri, N. Nath, B. Smith, B. Viollet, A.K. Singh and I. Singh, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-b-4-ribofuranoside inhibits proinflammatory response in glial cells: a possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase, J Neurosci 24 (2004), 479-487.
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 479-487
    • Giri, S.1    Nath, N.2    Smith, B.3    Viollet, B.4    Singh, A.K.5    Singh, I.6
  • 60
    • 0031007065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AMPK-activated protein kinase - fuel gauge of the mammalian cell?
    • D.G. Hardie and D. Carling, The AMPK-activated protein kinase - fuel gauge of the mammalian cell? Eur J Biochem 246 (1997), 259-273.
    • (1997) Eur J Biochem , vol.246 , pp. 259-273
    • Hardie, D.G.1    Carling, D.2
  • 61
    • 1842484296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus
    • Y. Minokoshi, T. Alquier, N. Furukawa, Y.B. Kim, A. Lee, B. Xue, J. Mu et al., AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus, Nature 428 (2004), 569-574.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 569-574
    • Minokoshi, Y.1    Alquier, T.2    Furukawa, N.3    Kim, Y.B.4    Lee, A.5    Xue, B.6    Mu, J.7
  • 62
    • 34147139847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose, insulin, and leptin signaling pathways modulate nitric oxide synthesis in glucose-inhibited neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus
    • D.D. Canabal, Z. Song, J.G. Potian, A. Beuve, J.J. McArdle and V.H. Routh, Glucose, insulin, and leptin signaling pathways modulate nitric oxide synthesis in glucose-inhibited neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292 (2007), R1418-R1428.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.292
    • Canabal, D.D.1    Song, Z.2    Potian, J.G.3    Beuve, A.4    McArdle, J.J.5    Routh, V.H.6
  • 63
    • 29644447464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional status, cognition, and survival. A new role for leptin and AMP kinase
    • Y. Dagon, Y. Avraham, I. Magen, A. Getrler, T. Ben-Hur and E.M. Berry, Nutritional status, cognition, and survival. A new role for leptin and AMP kinase, J Biol Chem 280 (2005), 42142-42148.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 42142-42148
    • Dagon, Y.1    Avraham, Y.2    Magen, I.3    Getrler, A.4    Ben-Hur, T.5    Berry, E.M.6
  • 64
    • 0026020414 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis by astrocytes in primary culture
    • N. Auestad, R.A. Korsak, J.W. Morrow and J. Edmond, Fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis by astrocytes in primary culture, J Neurochem 56 (1991), 1376-1386.
    • (1991) J Neurochem , vol.56 , pp. 1376-1386
    • Auestad, N.1    Korsak, R.A.2    Morrow, J.W.3    Edmond, J.4
  • 65
    • 0028892038 scopus 로고
    • Generation of ketone bodies from leucine by cultured astroglial cells
    • M.G. Bixel and B. Hamprecht, Generation of ketone bodies from leucine by cultured astroglial cells, J Neurochem 65 (1995), 2450-2461.
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.65 , pp. 2450-2461
    • Bixel, M.G.1    Hamprecht, B.2
  • 66
    • 0031714313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C. Blázquez C,Sánchez, G. Velasco and M. Guzmán, Role of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the control of ketogenesis in primary cultures of rat astrocytes, J Neurochem 71 (1998), 1597-1606.
    • C. Blázquez C,Sánchez, G. Velasco and M. Guzmán, Role of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the control of ketogenesis in primary cultures of rat astrocytes, J Neurochem 71 (1998), 1597-1606.
  • 67
    • 0142075172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of the fattest: Fat babies were the key to evolution of the large human brain
    • S.C. Cunnane and M.A. Crawford, Survival of the fattest: fat babies were the key to evolution of the large human brain, Comp Biochem Physiol Part A 136 (2003), 17-26.
    • (2003) Comp Biochem Physiol Part A , vol.136 , pp. 17-26
    • Cunnane, S.C.1    Crawford, M.A.2
  • 68
    • 0033729123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • De novo-synthesized ceramide signals apoptosis in astrocytes via extracellular signal-regulated kinase
    • C. Blázquez, I. Galve-Roperh and M. Guzmán, De novo-synthesized ceramide signals apoptosis in astrocytes via extracellular signal-regulated kinase, FASEB J 14 (2000), 2315-2322.
    • (2000) FASEB J , vol.14 , pp. 2315-2322
    • Blázquez, C.1    Galve-Roperh, I.2    Guzmán, M.3
  • 69
    • 0035793432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The AMP-activated protein kinase prevents ceramide synthesis de novo and apoptosis in astrocytes
    • C. Blázquez, M.J.H. Geelen, G. Velasco and M. Guzmán, The AMP-activated protein kinase prevents ceramide synthesis de novo and apoptosis in astrocytes, FEBS lett 489 (2001), 149-153.
    • (2001) FEBS lett , vol.489 , pp. 149-153
    • Blázquez, C.1    Geelen, M.J.H.2    Velasco, G.3    Guzmán, M.4
  • 70
    • 1042288103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketone body synthesis in the brain: Possible neuroprotective effects
    • M. Guzmán and C. Blázquez, Ketone body synthesis in the brain: possible neuroprotective effects, Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 70 (2004), 287-292.
    • (2004) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.70 , pp. 287-292
    • Guzmán, M.1    Blázquez, C.2
  • 71
    • 0034612175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease
    • H. Akayama, S. Barger, S. Barnum et al., Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease, Neurobiol Aging 21 (2000), 383-421.
    • (2000) Neurobiol Aging , vol.21 , pp. 383-421
    • Akayama, H.1    Barger, S.2    Barnum, S.3
  • 72
    • 0042835437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide-induced-neuroinflammation increases intracellular accumulation of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta peptide in APPswe transgenic mice
    • J.G. Sheng, S.H. Bora, D.R. Borchelt, D.L. Price and V.E. Koliatsos, Lipopolysaccharide-induced-neuroinflammation increases intracellular accumulation of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta peptide in APPswe transgenic mice, Neurobiol Dis 14 (2003), 133-145.
    • (2003) Neurobiol Dis , vol.14 , pp. 133-145
    • Sheng, J.G.1    Bora, S.H.2    Borchelt, D.R.3    Price, D.L.4    Koliatsos, V.E.5
  • 73
    • 41049110413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced astrocytic nitric oxide production and neuronal modifications in the neocortex of a NOS2 mutant mouse
    • Y. Buskila, Y. Abu-Ghanem, Y. Levi, A. Moran, E. Grauer and Y. Amitai, Enhanced astrocytic nitric oxide production and neuronal modifications in the neocortex of a NOS2 mutant mouse, PLoS One 2(9) (2007), e843.
    • (2007) PLoS One , vol.2 , Issue.9
    • Buskila, Y.1    Abu-Ghanem, Y.2    Levi, Y.3    Moran, A.4    Grauer, E.5    Amitai, Y.6
  • 74
    • 0035130152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) regulates the expression of inducible NOS in rat small intestine via modulation of nuclear factor kappa B
    • X.-W. Qu, H. Wang, I.G. DePlaen, R.A. Rozenfeld and W. Hsueh, Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) regulates the expression of inducible NOS in rat small intestine via modulation of nuclear factor kappa B, FASEB J 15 (2001), 439-446.
    • (2001) FASEB J , vol.15 , pp. 439-446
    • Qu, X.-W.1    Wang, H.2    DePlaen, I.G.3    Rozenfeld, R.A.4    Hsueh, W.5
  • 75
    • 0030938587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal (type I) nitric oxide synthase regulates nuclear factor κB and immunologic (type II) nitric oxide synthase expression
    • H. Togashi, M. Sasaki, E. Frohman, E. Taira, R.R. Ratan et al., Neuronal (type I) nitric oxide synthase regulates nuclear factor κB and immunologic (type II) nitric oxide synthase expression, Proc Natl Acad USA 94 (1997), 2676-2680.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad USA , vol.94 , pp. 2676-2680
    • Togashi, H.1    Sasaki, M.2    Frohman, E.3    Taira, E.4    Ratan, R.R.5
  • 77
    • 34848887459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-apoptotic effect of insulin in the control of cell death and neurologic deficit after acute spinal cord injury in rats
    • X.H. Wu, S.H. Yang, D.Y. Duan, H.H. Cheng, Y.T. Bao and Y. Zhang, Anti-apoptotic effect of insulin in the control of cell death and neurologic deficit after acute spinal cord injury in rats, J Neurotrauma 24 (2007), 1502-1512.
    • (2007) J Neurotrauma , vol.24 , pp. 1502-1512
    • Wu, X.H.1    Yang, S.H.2    Duan, D.Y.3    Cheng, H.H.4    Bao, Y.T.5    Zhang, Y.6
  • 78
    • 34147139847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose, insulin, and leptin signaling pathways modulate nitric oxide synthesis in glucose-inhibited neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus
    • D.D. Canabal, Z. Song, J.G. Potian, A. Beuve, J.J. McArdle and V.H. Routh, Glucose, insulin, and leptin signaling pathways modulate nitric oxide synthesis in glucose-inhibited neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 29 (2007), R1418-R1428.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.29
    • Canabal, D.D.1    Song, Z.2    Potian, J.G.3    Beuve, A.4    McArdle, J.J.5    Routh, V.H.6
  • 79
    • 2442713803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • a new mechanism of action of insulin sensitizing drugs
    • Inhibition of inducible nitric-oxide synthase by activators of AMP-activated protein kinase
    • G. Pilon, P. Dallaire and A. Marette, Inhibition of inducible nitric-oxide synthase by activators of AMP-activated protein kinase: a new mechanism of action of insulin sensitizing drugs, J Biol Chem 279 (2004), 20767-29774.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 20767-29774
    • Pilon, G.1    Dallaire, P.2    Marette, A.3
  • 80
    • 0035909948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different responses of astrocytes and neurons to nitric oxide: The role of glycolytically generated ATP in astrocyte protection
    • A. Almeida, J. Almeida, J.P. Bolanos and S. Moncado, Different responses of astrocytes and neurons to nitric oxide: The role of glycolytically generated ATP in astrocyte protection, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98 (2001), 15294-15299.
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 15294-15299
    • Almeida, A.1    Almeida, J.2    Bolanos, J.P.3    Moncado, S.4
  • 81
    • 1442314722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early vitamin E supplementation in young but not aged mice reduce Abeta levels and amyloid deposition in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease
    • S. Sung, Y. Yao, K. Uryu, H. Yang, V.M. Lee, J.Q. Trojanowski and D. Pratico, Early vitamin E supplementation in young but not aged mice reduce Abeta levels and amyloid deposition in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease, FASEB J 18 (2004), 323-325.
    • (2004) FASEB J , vol.18 , pp. 323-325
    • Sung, S.1    Yao, Y.2    Uryu, K.3    Yang, H.4    Lee, V.M.5    Trojanowski, J.Q.6    Pratico, D.7
  • 82
    • 33751192706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microglial NADPH oxidase complex as a source of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease
    • B.L. Wilkinson and G.E. Landret, The microglial NADPH oxidase complex as a source of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease, J Neuroinflammation 3 (2006), 30.
    • (2006) J Neuroinflammation , vol.3 , pp. 30
    • Wilkinson, B.L.1    Landret, G.E.2
  • 83
    • 0029076397 scopus 로고
    • Non-enzymatically glycated τ in Alzheimer's disease induces neuronal oxidant stress resulting in cytokine gene expression and release of amyloid β-peptide
    • S.D. Yan, S.F. Yan, X. Chen, J. Fu, M. Chen, P. Kuppusamy, M.A. Smith et al., Non-enzymatically glycated τ in Alzheimer's disease induces neuronal oxidant stress resulting in cytokine gene expression and release of amyloid β-peptide, Nat Med 1 (1995), 693-699.
    • (1995) Nat Med , vol.1 , pp. 693-699
    • Yan, S.D.1    Yan, S.F.2    Chen, X.3    Fu, J.4    Chen, M.5    Kuppusamy, P.6    Smith, M.A.7
  • 84
    • 21544467552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors fro patients with Alzheimer's disease: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials
    • H. Kaduszkiewicz, T. Zimmermann, H.P. Beck-Bornholdt and H. van den Bussche, Cholinesterase inhibitors fro patients with Alzheimer's disease: systematic review of randomized clinical trials, BMJ 331 (2005), 321-327.
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.331 , pp. 321-327
    • Kaduszkiewicz, H.1    Zimmermann, T.2    Beck-Bornholdt, H.P.3    van den Bussche, H.4
  • 85
    • 36849078870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review of randomized trials
    • R. Raschetti, E. Albanese, N. Vanacore and M. Maggini, Cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of randomized trials, PLoS Med 4 (2007), e338.
    • (2007) PLoS Med , vol.4
    • Raschetti, R.1    Albanese, E.2    Vanacore, N.3    Maggini, M.4
  • 86
    • 34547628891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance is an evolutionarily conserved physiological mechanism at the cellular level for protection mechanism at the cellular level for protection against increased oxidative stress
    • A. Erol, Insulin resistance is an evolutionarily conserved physiological mechanism at the cellular level for protection mechanism at the cellular level for protection against increased oxidative stress, BioEssays 29 (2007), 811-818.
    • (2007) BioEssays , vol.29 , pp. 811-818
    • Erol, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.