Impact of lactose containing foods and the genetics of lactase on diseases: An analytical review of population data

Nutrition and Cancer

Volumn 60, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 292-300

  Shrier, Ian ^a   Szilagyi, Andrew ^a,c   Correa, José A ^b  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c Pav G   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LACTASE; LACTOSE;

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION; BREAST CANCER; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RISK; CASE STUDY; COLORECTAL CANCER; CROHN DISEASE; DAIRY PRODUCT; ECOLOGY; ENTERITIS; FEMALE; FOOD COMPOSITION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LUNG CANCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; NEOPLASM; OVARY CANCER; POPULATION GENETICS; PREVALENCE; PROSTATE CANCER; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; REVIEW; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; STOMACH CANCER; ULCERATIVE COLITIS;

DAIRY PRODUCTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES; LACTASE; LACTOSE; LACTOSE INTOLERANCE; LIFE STYLE; MALE; NEOPLASMS; ODDS RATIO; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS; SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE;

EID: 42649138887     PISSN: 01635581     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01635580701745301     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. Holt PR: Dairy foods and prevention of colon cancer: human studies. J Am Coll Nutr 18, 379S-391S, 1999.
2. Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Cecchetti L, Minguzzi L, et al.: Lactose malabsorption and intolerance and peak bone mass. Gastroenterology 122, 1793-1799, 2002.
3. McCabe LD, Martin BR, McCabe GP, Johnston CC, Weaver CM, et al.: Dairy intakes affect bone density in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 80, 1066-1074, 2004.
4. St-Onge MP: Dietary fats, teas, dairy, and nuts: potential functional foods for weight control? Am J Clin Nutr 81, 7-15, 2005.
5. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR Jr, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Kartashov AI, et al.: Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: the CARDIA Study. JAMA 287, 2081-2089, 2002.
6. Miller GD, DiRienzo DD, Reusser ME, and McCarron DA: Benefits of dairy product consumption on blood pressure in humans: a summary of the biomedical literature. J Am Coll Nutr 19, 147S-164S, 2000.
7. Birlouez-Aragon I, Ravelontseheno L, Villate-Cathelineau B, Cathelineau G, and Abitbol G: Disturbed galactose metabolism in elderly and diabetic humans is associated with cataract formation. J Nutr 123, 1370-1376, 1993.
8. Segall JJ: Dietary lactose as a possible risk factor for ischaemic heart disease: review of epidemiology. Int J Cardiol 46, 197-207, 1994.
9. Butcher J: The distribution of multiple sclerosis in relation to the dairy industry and milk consumption. N Z Med J 83, 427-430, 1976.
10. Malosse D, Perron H, Sasco A, and Seigneurin JM: Correlation between milk and dairy product consumption and multiple sclerosis prevalence: a worldwide study. Neuroepidemiology 11, 304-312, 1992.
11. Gilat T: Lactase deficiency: the world pattern today. Isr J Med Sci 15, 369-373, 1979.
12. Sahi T, Isokoski M, Jussila J, Launiala K, and Pyorala K: Recessive inheritance of adult-type lactose malabsorption. Lancet 2, 823-826, 1973.
13. Enattah NS, Sahi T, Savilahti E, Terwilliger JD, Peltonen L, et al.: Identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia. Nat Genet 30, 233-237, 2002.
14. Kuokkanen M, Enattah NS, Oksanen A, Savilahti E, Orpana A, et al.: Transcriptional regulation of the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene by polymorphisms associated with adult-type hypolactasia. Gut 52, 647-652, 2003.
15. Kruse TA, Bolund L, Grzeschik KH, Ropers HH, Sjostrom H, et al.: The human lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene is located on chromosome 2. FEBS Lett 240, 123-126, 1988.
16. Wang Y, Harvey CB, Hollox EJ, Phillips AD, Poulter M, et al.: The genetically programmed down-regulation of lactase in children. Gastroenterology 114, 1230-1236, 1998.
17. Simoons FJ: Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem in biologic and cultural interrelations. II: A culture historical hypothesis. Am J Dig Dis 15, 695-710, 1970.
18. Simoons FJ: The geographic hypothesis and lactose malabsorption: a weighing of the evidence. Am J Dig Dis 23, 963-980, 1978.
19. Flatz G and Rotthauwe HW: Lactose nutrition and natural selection. Lancet 2, 76-77, 1973.
20. Anderson B and Vullo C: Did malaria select for primary adult lactase deficiency? Gut 35, 1487-1489, 1994.
21. Scrimshaw NS and Murray EB: The acceptability of milk andmilk products in populations with a high prevalence of lactose intolerance. Am J Clin Nutr 48, 1079-1159, 1988.
22. Villar J, Kestler E, Castillo P, Juarez A, Menendez R, et al.: Improved lactose digestion during pregnancy: a case of physiologic adaptation? Obstet Gynecol 71, 697-700, 1988.
23. Hertzler SR and Savaiano DA: Colonic adaptation to daily lactose feeding in lactose maldigesters reduces lactose intolerance. Am J Clin Nutr 64, 232-236, 1996.
24. Gilat T, Russo S, Gelman-Malachi E, and Aldor TA: Lactase in man: a nonadaptable enzyme. Gastroenterology 62, 1125-1127, 1972.
25. Rosensweig NS: Diet and intestinal enzyme adaptation: implications for gastrointestinal disorders. Am J Clin Nutr 28, 648-655, 1975.
26. Ledochowski M, Sperner-Unterweger B, and Fuchs D: Lactose malabsorption is associated with early signs of mental depression in females: a preliminary report. Dig Dis Sci 43, 2513-2517, 1998.
27. Mayberry J and Mann R: Inflammatory bowel disease in rural sub-Saharan Africa: rarity of diagnosis in patients attending mission hospitals. Digestion 44, 172-176, 1989.
28. Mayberry JF:Recent epidemiology of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Int J Colorectal Dis 4, 59-66, 1989.
29. Russel MG and Stockbrugger RW: Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: an update. Scand J Gastroenterol 31, 417-427, 1996.
30. Cancer around the world. CA Cancer J Clin 47, 26-27, 1997.
31. Consumption statistics for milk and milk products 1989. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 254, 2541-2521, 1991.
32. Kretchmer N: Lactose and lactase. Sci Am 227, 71-78, 1972.
33. Cramer DW: Lactase persistence, galactose metabolism and milk consumption as role factors for ovarian cancer. In: Common Food Intolerances 2: Milk in Human Nutrition and Adult Type Hypolactasis, Aurichi S and Semenza G. (eds.). Basel, Switzerland: Karger, 1993, pp. 52-60.
34. Armstrong B and Doll R: Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int J Cancer 15, 617-631, 1975.
35. Rose DP, Boyar AP, and Wynder EL: International comparisons of mortality rates for cancer of the breast, ovary, prostate, and colon, and per capita food consumption. Cancer 58, 2363-2371, 1986.
36. Cramer DW, Harlow BL, Willett WC, Welch WR, Bell DA, et al.: Galactose consumption and metabolism in relation to the risk of ovarian cancer. Lancet 2, 66-71, 1989.
37. Nanji AA and Denardi FG: Primary adult lactose intolerance protects against development of inflammatory bowel disease. Med Hypotheses 19, 1-6, 1986.
38. Buning C, Ockenga J, Kruger S, Jurga J, Baier P, et al.: The C/C (-13910) and G/G (-22018) genotypes for adult-type hypolactasia are not associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 38, 538-542, 2003.
39. Kuokkanen M, Butzow R, Rasinpera H, Medrek K, Nilbert M, et al.: Lactase persistence and ovarian carcinoma risk in Finland, Poland and Sweden. Int J Cancer 117, 90-94, 2005.
40. Rasinpera H, Forsblom C, Enattah NS, Halonen P, Salo K, et al.: The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the Finnish population. Gut 54, 643-647, 2005.
41. Szilagyi A, Nathwani U, Vinokuroff C, Correa JA, and Shrier I: Evaluation of relationships among national colorectal cancer mortality rates, genetic lactase non-persistence status, and per capita yearly milk and milk product consumption. Nutr Cancer 55, 151-156, 2006.
42. Szilagyi A, Nathwani U, Vinokuroff C, Correa JA, and Shrier I: The effect of lactose maldigestion on the relationship between dairy food intake and colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Nutr Cancer 55, 141-150, 2006.
43. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Wang PY, Kaneko T, Hoshi K, et al.: Milk consumption is a risk factor for prostate cancer: meta-analysis of case-control studies. Nutr Cancer 48, 22-27, 2004.
44. Gao X, LaValley MP, and Tucker KL: Prospective studies of dairy product and calcium intakes and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 97, 1768-1777, 2005.
45. Zhang J and Kesteloot H: Milk consumption in relation to incidence of prostate, breast, colon, and rectal cancers: is there an independent effect? Nutr Cancer 53, 65-72, 2005.
46. Cramer DW: Lactase persistence and milk consumption as determinants of ovarian cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 130, 904-910, 1989.
47. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Wang PY, Hashi A, Hoshi K, et al.: Milk/dairy products consumption, galactose metabolism and ovarian cancer: meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 14, 13-19, 2005.
48. Larsson SC, Orsini N, and Wolk A: Milk, milk products and lactose intake and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer 118, 431-441, 2006.
49. Genkinger JM, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Anderson KE, Arslan A, et al.: Dairy products and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15, 364-372, 2006.
50. Mommers M, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, and van den Brandt PA: Dairy consumption and ovarian cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Br J Cancer 94, 165-170, 2006.
51. Ganmaa D and Sato A: The possible role of female sex hormones in milk from pregnant cows in the development of breast, ovarian and corpus uteri cancers. Med Hypotheses 65, 1028-1037, 2005.
52. Mettlin CJ, Schoenfeld ER, and Natarajan N: Patterns of milk consumption and risk of cancer. Nutr Cancer 13, 89-99, 1990.
53. Boyd NF, Martin LJ, Noffel M, Lockwood GA, and Trichler DL: A metaanalysis of studies of dietary fat and breast cancer risk. Br J Cancer 68, 627-636, 1993.
54. Missmer SA, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, et al.: Meat and dairy food consumption and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol 31, 78-85, 2002.
55. Parodi PW: Dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer. J Am Coll Nutr 24, 556S-568S, 2005.
56. Martinez ME and Willett WC: Calcium, vitamin D, and colorectal cancer: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 7, 163-168, 1998.
57. Norat T and Riboli E: Dairy products and colorectal cancer. a review of possible mechanisms and epidemiological evidence. Eur J Clin Nutr 57, 1-17, 2003.
58. Cho E, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, et al.: Dairy foods, calcium, and colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 96, 1015-1022, 2004.
59. Pirozynski M: 100 years of lung cancer. Respir Med 100, 2073-2084, 2006.
60. Riboli E and Norat T: Epidemiologic evidence of the protective effect of fruit and vegetables on cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 78, 559S-569S, 2003.
61. Neuhouser ML: Dietary flavonoids and cancer risk: evidence from human population studies. Nutr Cancer 50, 1-7, 2004.
62. Mettlin C: Milk drinking, other beverage habits, and lung cancer risk. Int J Cancer 43, 608-612, 1989.
63. Sankaranarayanan R, Varghese C, Duffy SW, Padmakumary G, Day NE, et al.: A case-control study of diet and lung cancer in Kerala, south India. Int J Cancer 58, 644-649, 1994.
64. Axelsson G, Liljeqvist T, Andersson L, Bergman B, and Rylander R:Dietary factors and lung cancer among men in west Sweden. Int J Epidemiol 25, 32-39, 1996.
65. Alavanja MC, Brownson RC, and Benichou J: Estimating the effect of dietary fat on the risk of lung cancer in nonsmoking women. Lung Cancer 14, S63-S74, 1996.
66. Dial EJ and Lichtenberger LM: A role for milk phospholipids in protection against gastric acid: studies in adult and suckling rats. Gastroenterology 87, 379-385, 1984.
67. Kabir AM, Aiba Y, Takagi A, Kamiya S, Miwa T, et al.: Prevention of Helicobacter pylori infection by lactobacilli in a gnotobiotic murine model. Gut 41, 49-55, 1997.
68. Sheu BS, Cheng HC, Kao AW, Wang ST, Yang YJ, et al.: Pretreatment with Lactobacillus- and Bifidobacterium-containing yogurt can improve the efficacy of quadruple therapy in eradicating residual Helicobacter pylori infection after failed triple therapy. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 864-869, 2006.
69. Miwa H, Go MF, and Sato NH: pylori and gastric cancer: the Asian enigma. Am J Gastroenterol 97, 1106-1112, 2002.
70. Lee SA, Kang D, Shim KN, Choe JW, Hong WS, et al.: Effect of diet and Helicobacter pylori infection to the risk of early gastric cancer. J Epidemiol 13, 162-168, 2003.
71. Zhuo XG and Watanebe S: Factor analysis of digestive cancer mortality and food consumption in 65 Chinese counties. J Epidemiol 9, 275-284, 1999.
72. Lee H-H, Wu H-Y, Chuang Y-C, Chang A-S, Chao H-H, et al.: Epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of stomach cancer in Taiwan. Anticancer Res 10, 875-882, 1990.
73. Alonso-Amelot ME: The link between Bracken Fern and stomach cancer: milk. Nutrition 13, 694-696, 1997.
74. Pironi L, Callegari C, Comia GL, Lami F, Miglioli M, et al.: Lactose malabsorption in adult patients with Chron's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 108, A877, 1995.
75. Mishkin S: Dairy sensitivity, lactose malabsorption, and elimination diets in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Clin Nutr 65, 564-567, 1997.
76. von Tirpitz C, Kohn C, Steinkamp M, Geerling I, Maier V, et al.: Lactose intolerance in active Crohn's disease: clinical value of duodenal lactase analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 34, 49-53, 2002.
77. Green TJ, Issenman RM, and Jacobson K: Patients' diets and preferences in a pediatric population with inflammatory bowel disease. Can J Gastroenterol 12, 544-549, 1998.
78. Joachim G: The relationship between habits of food consumption and reported reactions to food in peoplewith inflammatory bowel disease - testing the limits. Nutr Health 13, 69-83, 1999.
79. Jowett SL, Seal CJ, Phillips E, Gregory W, Barton JR, et al.: Dietary beliefs of people with ulcerative colitis and their effect on relapse and nutrient intake. Clin Nutr 23, 161-170, 2004.
80. Galandi D and Allgaier HP: Diet therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel disease: results from meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials (in German). Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 20, 2041-2049, 2002.
81. Jowett SL, Seal CJ, Pearce MS, Phillips E, Gregory W, et al.: Influence of dietary factors on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study. Gut 53, 1479-1484, 2004.
82. Glassman MS, Newman LJ, Berezin S, and Gryboski JD: Cow's milk protein sensitivity during infancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 85, 838-840, 1990.
83. Kumar D, Repucci A, Wyatt-Ashmead J, and Chelimsky G: Allergic colitis presenting in the first day of life: report of three cases. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 31, 195-197, 2000.
84. Paajanen L, Korpela R, Tuure T, Honkanen J, Jarvela I, et al.:Cowmilk is not responsible for most gastrointestinal immune-like syndromes - evidence from a population-based study. Am J Clin Nutr 82, 1327-1335, 2005.
85. Greenstein RJ: Is Crohn's disease caused by a mycobacterium? comparisons with leprosy, tuberculosis, and Johne's disease. Lancet Infect Dis 3, 507-514, 2003.
86. Polymeros D, Bogdanos DP, Day R, Arioli D, Vergani D, et al.: Does crossreactivity between mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and human intestinal antigens characterize Crohn's disease? Gastroenterology 131, 85-96, 2006.
87. Stephan R, Buhler K, and Corti S: Incidence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in bulk-tank milk samples from different regions in Switzerland. Vet Rec 150, 214-215, 2002.
88. Lund BM, Gould GW, and Rampling AM: Pasteurization of milk and the heat resistance of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a critical review of the data. Int J Food Microbiol 77, 135-145, 2002.
89. Stabel JR and Lambertz A: Efficacy of pasteurization conditions for the inactivation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk. J Food Prot 67, 2719-2726, 2004.
90. Ellingson JL, Cheville JC, Brees D, Miller JM, and Cheville NF: Absence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis components from Crohn's disease intestinal biopsy tissues. Clin Med Res 1, 217-226, 2003.
91. Bernstein CN, Blanchard JF, Rawsthorne P, and Collins MT: Population-based case control study of seroprevalence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. J Clin Microbiol 42, 1129-1135, 2004.
92. Jones PH, Farver TB, Beaman B, Cetinkaya B, and Morgan KL: Crohn's disease in people exposed to clinical cases of bovine paratuberculosis. Epidemiol Infect 134, 49-56, 2006.
93. Freeman H and Noble M: Lack of evidence for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 11, 782-783, 2005.
94. Szilagyi A: Altered colonic environment, a possible predisposition to colorectal cancer and colonic inflammatory bowel disease: rationale of dietary manipulation with emphasis on disaccharides. Can J Gastroenterol 12, 133-146, 1998.
95. Lakatos PL, Fischer S, Lakatos L, Gal I, and Papp J: Current concept on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-crosstalk between genetic and microbial factors: pathogenic bacteria and altered bacterial sensing or changes in mucosal integrity take "toll" ? World J Gastroenterol 12, 1829-1841, 2006.
96. Rhodes JM and Campbell BJ: Inflammation and colorectal cancer: IBD-associated and sporadic cancer compared. Trends Mol Med 8, 10-16, 2002.
97. Freedman DM, Dosemeci M, and McGlynn K: Sunlight and mortality from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and non-melanoma skin cancer: a composite death certificate based case-control study. Occup Environ Med 59, 257-262, 2002.
98. Grant WB: An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the U.S. due to inadequate doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Cancer 94, 1867-1875, 2002.