Towards rational and evidence-based use of melatonin in prostate cancer prevention and treatment

Journal of Pineal Research

Volumn 43, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 1-9

  Shiu, Stephen Y W ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Androgen; Chemoprevention; Melatonin; MT1 receptor; p27 Kip1; Prostate cancer; Prostate specific antigen

Indexed keywords

4 MELATONIN; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANDROGEN; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CYCLIC AMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 1B; DOCETAXEL; DUTASTERIDE; FINASTERIDE; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE P1; LUZINDOLE; MELATONIN; MELATONIN DERIVATIVE; MELATONIN RECEPTOR; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEIN KINASE C; PROTEIN P53; SELENIUM; STEROID 5ALPHA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AGING; ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER HORMONE THERAPY; CANCER INHIBITION; CANCER PALLIATIVE THERAPY; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER RISK; CANCER SURVIVAL; CARCINOGENESIS; CASTRATION; CELL CYCLE REGULATION; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG COST; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; EPITHELIUM CELL; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HORMONE INHIBITION; HUMAN; METASTASIS; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; PINEAL BODY; PROSTATE CANCER; SHORT SURVEY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

CELL PROLIFERATION; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; MALE; MELATONIN; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS;

EID: 34447125201     PISSN: 07423098     EISSN: 1600079X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00451.x     Document Type: Short Survey

References (102)

1. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 2006.
2. Reiter RJ. The melatonin rhythm: both a clock and a calendar. Experientia 1993 49 : 654 664.
3. Brzezinski A. Melatonin in humans. N Engl J Med 1997 336 : 186 195.
4. Lincoln GA, Clarke IJ, Hut RA et al. Characterizing a mammalian circannual pacemaker. Science 2006 314 : 1941 1944.
5. Panzer A, Viljoen M. The validity of melatonin as an oncostatic agent. J Pineal Res 1997 22 : 184 202.
6. Reiter RJ. Mechanisms of cancer inhibition by melatonin. J Pineal Res 2004 37 : 213 214.
7. Jung B, Ahmad N. Melatonin in cancer management: progress and promise. Cancer Res 2006 66 : 9789 9793.
8. Reiter RJ, Gultekin F, Manchester LC et al. Light pollution, melatonin suppression and cancer growth. J Pineal Res 2006 40 : 357 358.
9. Cohen M, Lippman M, Chabner B. Role of pineal gland in aetiology and treatment of breast cancer. Lancet 1978 2 : 814 816.
10. Danforth DN Jr., Tamarkin L, Lippman ME. Melatonin increases oestrogen receptor binding activity of human breast cancer cells. Nature 1983 305 : 323 325.
11. Tamarkin L, Danforth D, Lichter A et al. Decreased nocturnal plasma melatonin peak in patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Science 1982 216 : 1003 1005.
12. Hill SM, Blask DE. Effects of the pineal hormone melatonin on the proliferation and morphological characteristics of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in culture. Cancer Res 1988 48 : 6121 6126.
13. Blask DE, Wilson ST, Zalatan F. Physiological melatonin inhibition of human breast cancer cell growth in vitro: evidence for a glutathione-mediated pathway. Cancer Res 1997 57 : 1909 1914.
14. Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Cos S, Fernandez R et al. Melatonin and mammary cancer: a short review. Endocr Relat Cancer 2003 10 : 153 159.
15. Prener A, Storm HH, Nielsen NH. Cancer of the male genital tract in circumpolar Inuit. Acta Oncol 1996 35 : 589 593.
16. Dewailly E, Mulvad G, Pedersen HS et al. Inuit are protected against prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2003 12 : 926 927.
17. Feychting M, Ouml;sterlund B, Ahlbom A. Reduced cancer incidence among the blind. Epidemiology 1998 9 : 490 494.
18. Pukkala E, Ojamo M, Rudanko SL et al. Does incidence of breast cancer and prostate cancer decrease with increasing degree of visual impairment. Cancer Causes Control 2006 17 : 573 576.
19. Iguchi H, Kato KI, Ibayashi H. Age-dependent reduction in serum melatonin concentrations in healthy human subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982 55 : 27 29.
20. Sack RL, Lewy AJ, Erb DL et al. Human melatonin production decreases with age. J Pineal Res 1986 3 : 379 388.
21. Waldhauser F, Weiszenbacher G, Tatzer E et al. Alterations in nocturnal serum melatonin levels in humans with growth and aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988 66 : 648 652.
22. Zhao ZY, Xie Y, Fu YR et al. Aging and the circadian rhythm of melatonin; a cross-sectional study of Chinese subjects 30-110 yr of age. Chronobiol Int 2002 19 : 1171 1182.
23. Bartsch C, Bartsch H, Schmidt A et al. Melatonin and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin circadian rhythms in serum and urine of primary prostate cancer patients; evidence for reduced pineal activity and relevance of urinary determinations. Clin Chim Acta 1992 209 : 153 167.
24. Xi SC, Tam PC, Brown GM et al. Potential involvement of mt1 receptor and attenuated sex-steroid-induced calcium influx in the direct anti-proliferative action of melatonin on androgen-responsive LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. J Pineal Res 2000 29 : 172 183.
25. Xi SC, Siu SWF, Fong SW et al. Inhibition of androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer growth in vivo by melatonin: association of antiproliferative action of the pineal hormone with mt1 receptor protein expression. Prostate 2001 6 : 52 61.
26. Siu SWF, Lau KW, Tam PC et al. Melatonin and prostate cancer cell proliferation: interplay with castration, epidermal growth factor, and androgen sensitivity. Prostate 2002 52 : 106 122 [Erratum, Prostate 2002; 52:252].
27. Lupowitz Z, Zisapel N. Hormonal interactions in human prostate tumor LNCaP cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1999 68 : 83 88.
28. Moretti RM, Marelli MM, Maggi R et al. Antiproliferative action of melatonin on human prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Oncol Rep 2000 7 : 347 351.
29. Sainz RM, Mayo JC, Tan DX et al. Melatonin reduces prostate cancer cell growth leading to neuroendocrine differentiation via a receptor and PKA independent mechanism. Prostate 2005 63 : 29 43.
30. Marelli MM, Limonta P, Maggi R et al. Growth-inhibitory activity of melatonin on human androgen-independent DU 145 prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2000 45 : 238 244.
31. Shiu SYW, Law IC, Lau KW et al. Melatonin slowed the early biochemical progression of hormone-refractory prostate cancer in a patient whose prostate tumor tissue expressed MT1 receptor subtype. J Pineal Res 2003 35 : 177 182.
32. Tam CW, Mo CW, Yao KM et al. Signaling mechanisms of melatonin in antiproliferation of hormone-refractory 22Rv1 human prostate cancer cells: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention. J Pineal Res 2007 42 : 191 202.
33. Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Godson C. Melatonin receptors step into the light; cloning and classification of subtypes. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1996 17 : 100 102.
34. Tan DX, Reiter RJ, Manchester LC et al. Chemical and physical properties and potential mechanisms: melatonin as a broad spectrum antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Curr Top Med Chem 2002 2 : 181 197.
35. Tomas-Zapico C, Coto-Montes A. A proposed mechanism to explain the stimulatory effect of melatonin on antioxidative enzymes. J Pineal Res 2005 39 : 99 104.
36. Kadekaro AL, Andrade LN, Floeter-Winter LM et al. MT-1 melatonin receptor expression increases the antiproliferative effect of melatonin on S-91 murine melanoma cells. J Pineal Res 2004 36 : 204 211.
37. Sauer LA, Dauchy RT, Blask DE et al. 13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid is the mitogenic signal for linoleic acid-dependent growth in rat hepatoma 7288CTC in vivo. Cancer Res 1999 59 : 4688 4692.
38. Blask DE, Sauer LA, Dauchy RT et al. Melatonin inhibition of cancer growth in vivo involves suppression of tumor fatty acid metabolism via melatonin receptor-mediated signal transduction events. Cancer Res 1999 59 : 4693 4701.
39. Sauer LA, Dauchy RT, Blask DE. Melatonin inhibits fatty acid transport in inguinal fat pads of hepatoma 7288CTC-bearing and normal Buffalo rats via receptor-mediated signal transduction. Life Sci 2001 68 : 2835 2844.
40. Blask DE, Dauchy RT, Sauer LA et al. Melatonin uptake and growth prevention in rat hepatoma 7288CTC in response to dietary melatonin: melatonin receptor-mediated inhibition of tumor linoleic acid metabolism to the growth signaling molecule 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and the potential role of phytomelatonin. Carcinogenesis 2004 25 : 951 960.
41. Dillon DC, Easley SE, Asch BB et al. Differential expression of high-affinity melatonin receptors (MT1) in normal and malignant human breast tissue. Am J Clin Pathol 2002 118 : 451 458.
42. Ram PT, Dai J, Yuan L et al. Involvement of the mt1 melatonin receptor in human breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2002 179 : 141 150.
43. Blask DE, Dauchy RT, Sauer LA. Putting cancer to sleep at night: the neuroendocrine/circadian melatonin signal. Endocrine 2005 27 : 179 188.
44. Martin V, Herrera F, Carrera-Gonzalez P et al. Intracellular signaling pathways involved in the cell growth inhibition of glioma cells by melatonin. Cancer Res 2006 66 : 1081 1088.
45. Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Cos S, Mediavilla D et al. Melatonin-estrogen interactions in breast cancer. J Pineal Res 2005 38 : 217 222.
46. Cos S, Gonzalez A, Martinez-Campa C et al. Estrogen-signaling pathway: a link between breast cancer and melatonin oncostatic actions. Cancer Detect Prev 2006 30 : 118 128.
47. Lloyd RV, Erickson LA, Jin L et al. p27kip1: A multifunctional cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor with prognostic significance in human cancers. Am J Pathol 1999 154 : 313 323.
48. Mediavilla MD, Cos S, Sanchez-Barcelo EJ. Melatonin increases p53 and p21WAF1 expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro. Life Sci 1999 65 : 415 420.
49. Cini G, Neri B, Pacini A et al. Antiproliferative activity of melatonin by transcriptional inhibition of cyclin D1 expression: a molecular basis for melatonin-induced oncostatic effects. J Pineal Res 2005 39 : 12 20.
50. Fernandez PL, Arce Y, Farre X et al. Expression of p27/kip1 is down-regulated in human prostate carcinoma progression. J Pathol 1999 187 : 563 566.
51. Sun H, Lesche R, Li DM et al. PTEN modulates cell cycle progression and cell survival by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5,-trisphosphate and Akt/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999 96 : 6199 6204.
52. Graff JR, Konicek BW, Mcnulty AM et al. Increased AKT activity contributes to prostate cancer progression by dramatically accelerating prostate tumor growth and diminishing p27Kip1 expression. J Biol Chem 2000 275 : 24500 24505.
53. Rimler A, Culig Z, Lupowitz Z et al. Nuclear exclusion of the androgen receptor by melatonin. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2002 81 : 77 84.
54. Rimler A, Culig Z, Levy-Rimler G et al. Melatonin elicits nuclear exclusion of the human androgen receptor and attenuates its activity. Prostate 2001 49 : 145 154.
55. Lupowitz Z, Rimler A, Zisapel N. Evaluation of signal transduction pathways mediating the nuclear exclusion of the androgen receptor by melatonin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2001 58 : 2129 2135.
56. Sampson SR, Lupowitz Z, Braiman L et al. Role of protein kinase Calpha in melatonin signal transduction. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006 252 : 82 87.
57. Rimler A, Lupowitz Z, Zisapel N. Differential regulation by melatonin of cell growth and androgen receptor binding to the androgen response element in prostate cancer cells. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2002 23 (Suppl. 1 45 49.
58. Klein EA. Can prostate cancer be prevented Nat Clin Pract Urol 2005 2 : 24 31.
59. Ekman P. Genetic and environmental factors in prostate cancer genesis: identifying high-risk cohorts. Eur Urol 1999 35 : 362 369.
60. Nwosu V, Carpten J, Trent JM et al. Heterogeneity of genetic alterations in prostate cancer: evidence of the complex nature of the disease. Hum Mol Genet 2001 10 : 2313 2318.
61. Zlotta AR, Schulman CC. Clinical evolution of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Eur Urol 1999 35 : 498 503.
62. Sakr WA, Haas GP, Cassin BF et al. The frequency of carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate in young male patients. J Urol 1993 150 : 379 385.
63. Sakr WA, Grignon DJ, Haas GP et al. Age and racial distribution of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Eur Urol 1996 30 : 138 144.
64. Nelson WG, De Marzo AM, Isaacs WB. Prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003 349 : 366 381.
65. Buchanan G, Irvine RA, Coetzee GA et al. Contribution of the androgen receptor to prostate cancer predisposition and progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2001 20 : 207 223.
66. Tomlins SA, Rhodes DR, Perner S et al. Recurrent fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in prostate cancer. Science 2005 310 : 644 648.
67. Rubin MA, Chinnaiyan AM. Bioinformatics approach leads to the discovery of the TMPRSS2:ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer. Lab Invest 2006 86 : 1099 1102.
68. Cerveira N, Ribeiro FR, Peixoto A et al. TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion causing ERG overexpression precedes chromosome copy number changes in prostate carcinomas and paired HGPIN lesions. Neoplasia 2006 8 : 826 832.
69. Thompson IM, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM et al. The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003 349 : 215 224.
70. Nickel JC. Comparison of clinical trials with finasteride and dutasteride. Rev Urol 2004 6 (Suppl. 9 S31 S39.
71. Thomas LN, Douglas RC, Vessey JP et al. 5alpha-reductase type 1 immunostaining is enhanced in some prostate cancers compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelium. J Urol 2003 170 : 2019 2025.
72. Nelson WG, De Marzo AM, Deweese TL et al. Preneoplastic prostate lesions: an opportunity for prostate cancer prevention. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001 952 : 135 144.
73. Miller ER III., Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D et al. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med 2005 142 : 37 46.
74. Steck PA, Pershouse MA, Jasser SA et al. Identification of a candidate tumor suppressor gene MMAC1 at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers. Nat Genet 1997 15 : 356 362.
75. Gray IC, Stewart LM, Phillips SM et al. Mutation and expression analysis of the putative prostate tumour-suppressor gene PTEN. Br J Cancer 1998 78 : 1296 1300.
76. Di Cristofano A, Pesce B, Cordon-Cardo C et al. Pten is essential for embryonic development and tumour suppression. Nat Genet 1998 19 : 348 355.
77. Trotman LC, Niki M, Dotan ZA et al. Pten dose dictates cancer progression in the prostate. PLoS Biol 2003 1 : E59.
78. Wang S, Gao J, Lei Q et al. Prostate-specific deletion of the murine Pten tumor suppressor gene leads to metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer Cell 2003 4 : 209 221.
79. Sharpless NE, Depinho RA. Cancer: crime and punishment. Nature 2005 436 : 636 637.
80. Fernandez PL, Arce Y, Farre X et al. Expression of p27/Kip1 is down-regulated in human prostate carcinoma progression. J Pathol 1999 187 : 563 566.
81. Doganavsargil B, Simsir A, Boyacioglu H et al. A comparison of p21 and p27 immunoexpression in benign glands, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma. BJU Int 2006 97 : 644 648.
82. Di Cristofano A, De Acetis M, Koff A et al. Pten and p27KIP1 cooperate in prostate cancer tumor suppression in the mouse. Nat Genet 2001 27 : 222 224.
83. Chen Z, Trotman LC, Shaffer D et al. Crucial role of p53-dependent cellular senescence in suppression of Pten-deficient tumorigenesis. Nature 2005 436 : 725 730.
84. Aus G, Abbou CC, Pacik D et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2001 40 : 97 101.
85. Wirth MP, Hakenberg OW. Curative treatment of prostate cancer. Urol Int 1999 63 : 72 79.
86. Barry MJ. Clinical practice. Prostate-specific-antigen testing for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2001 344 : 1373 1377.
87. Klotz L. Active surveillance for prostate cancer: for whom J Clin Oncol 2005 23 : 8165 8169.
88. Klotz L. Active surveillance versus radical treatment for favorable-risk localized prostate cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2006 7 : 355 362.
89. Miyamoto H, Messing EM, Chang C. Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: current status and future prospects. Prostate 2004 61 : 332 353.
90. Debes JD, Tindall DJ. Mechanisms of androgen-refractory prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004 351 : 1488 1490.
91. Chang SS, Benson MC, Campbell SC et al. Society of Urologic Oncology position statement: redefining the management of hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma. Cancer 2005 103 : 11 21.
92. Attard G, Sarker D, Reid A et al. Improving the outcome of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer through rational drug development. Br J Cancer 2006 95 : 767 774.
93. Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Sainz RM et al. Melatonin: reducing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002 54 : 1299 1321.
94. Lissoni P. Is there a role for melatonin in supportive care Support Care Cancer 2002 10 : 110 116.
95. Collins R, Trowman R, Norman G et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of docetaxel and mitoxantrone for the treatment of metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2006 95 : 457 462.
96. Vijayalaxmi, Reiter RJ, Tan DX et al. Melatonin as a radioprotective agent: a review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004 59 : 639 653.
97. Seabra ML, Bignotto M, Pinto LR et al. Randomized, double-blind clinical trial, controlled with placebo, of the toxicology of chronic melatonin treatment. J Pineal Res 2000 29 : 193 200.
98. Buscemi N, Vandermeer B, Hooton N et al. Efficacy and safety of exogenous melatonin for secondary sleep disorders and sleep disorders accompanying sleep restriction: meta-analysis. BMJ 2006 332 : 385 393.
99. Buscemi N, Vandermeer B, Pandya R et al. Melatonin for Treatment of Sleep Disorders. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 108. (Prepared by the University of Alberta Evidence-based Practice Center, under Contract No. 290-02-0023.) AHRQ Publication No. 05-E002-2. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD, 2004.
100. Carver BS, Pandolfi PP. Mouse modeling in oncologic preclinical and translational research. Clin Cancer Res 2006 12 : 5305 5311.
101. Vijayalaxmi, Thomas CR Jr., Reiter RJ et al. Melatonin: from basic research to cancer treatment clinics. J Clin Oncol 2002 20 : 2575 2601.
102. Mills E, Wu P, Seely D et al. Melatonin in the treatment of cancer: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis. J Pineal Res 2005 39 : 360 366.