Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans in Tumor Progression

Advances in Pharmacology

Volumn 53, Issue , 2006, Pages 297-321

  Wegrowski, Yanusz ^a   Maquart, François Xavier ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEOCHONDROITIN SULFATE;

ANIMAL; CELL MEMBRANE; CHEMISTRY; DISEASE COURSE; HUMAN; NEOPLASM; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; CELL MEMBRANE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; PROTEOCHONDROITIN SULFATES;

EID: 33846149695     PISSN: 10543589     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1054-3589(05)53014-X     Document Type: Review

References (196)

1. Abramovici L., and Steiner G.C. Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (Nora's lesion): A retrospective study of 12 cases, 2 arising in long bones. Hum. Pathol. 33 (2002) 1205-1210
2. Adamia S., Maxwell C.A., and Pilarski L.M. Hyaluronan and hyaluronan synthases: Potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Curr. Drug Targets Cardiovasc. Haematol. Disord. 5 (2005) 3-14
3. Adany R., and Iozzo R.V. Hypomethylation of the decorin proteoglycan gene in human colon cancer. Biochem. J. 276 Pt 2 (1991) 301-306
4. Aigner T., Loos S., Inwards C., Perris R., Perissinotto D., Unni K.K., and Kirchner T. Chondroblastoma is an osteoid-forming, but not cartilage-forming neoplasm. J. Pathol. 189 (1999) 463-469
5. Aigner T., Muller S., Neureiter D., Illstrup D.M., Kirchner T., and Bjornsson J. Prognostic relevance of cell biologic and biochemical features in conventional chondrosarcomas. Cancer 94 (2002) 2273-2281
6. Alaniz L., Cabrera P.V., Blanco G., Ernst G., Rimoldi G., Alvarez E., and Hajos S.E. Interaction of CD44 with different forms of hyaluronic acid: Its role in adhesion and migration of tumor cells. Cell Commun. Adhes. 9 (2002) 117-130
7. Amenta P.S., Briggs K., Xu K., Gamboa E., Jukkola A.F., Li D., and Myers J.C. Type XV collagen in human colonic adenocarcinomas has a different distribution than other basement membrane zone proteins. Hum. Pathol. 31 (2000) 359-366
8. Amenta P.S., Hadad S., Lee M.T., Barnard N., Li D., and Myers J.C. Loss of types XV and XIX collagen precedes basement membrane invasion in ductal carcinoma of the female breast. J. Pathol. 199 (2003) 298-308
9. Ameye L., and Young M.F. Mice deficient in small leucine-rich proteoglycans: Novel in vivo models for osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and corneal diseases. Glycobiology 12 (2002) 107R-116R
10. Baggio B., Marzaro G., Gambaro G., Marchini F., Williams H.E., and Borsatti A. Glycosaminoglycan content, oxalate self-exchange and protein phosphorylation in erythrocytes of patients with "idiopathic" calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Clin. Sci. Lond. 79 (1990) 113-116
11. Banerjee A.G., Bhattacharyya I., Lydiatt W.M., and Vishwanatha J.K. Aberrant expression and localization of decorin in human oral dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 7769-7776
12. Bechard D., Gentina T., Delehedde M., Scherpereel A., Lyon M., Aumercier M., Vazeux R., Richet C., Degand P., Jude B., Janin A., Fernig D.G., et al. Endocan is a novel chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan that promotes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor mitogenic activity. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 48341-48349
13. Bellin R., Capila I., Lincecum J., Park P.W., Reizes O., and Bernfield M.R. Unlocking the secrets of syndecans: Transgenic organisms as a potential key. Glycoconj. J. 19 (2002) 295-304
14. Bernard D.J., Chapman S.C., and Woodruff T.K. Inhibin binding protein (InhBP/p120), betaglycan, and the continuing search for the inhibin receptor. Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (2002) 207-212
15. Berto A.G., Sampaio L.O., Franco C.R., Cesar Jr. R.M., and Michelacci Y.M. A comparative analysis of structure and spatial distribution of decorin in human leiomyoma and normal myometrium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1619 (2003) 98-112
16. Bertrand P., Courel M.N., Maingonnat C., Jardin F., Tilly H., and Bastard C. Expression of HYAL2 mRNA, hyaluronan and hyaluronidase in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Relationship with tumor aggressiveness. Int. J. Cancer 113 (2005) 207-212
17. Bix G., and Iozzo R.V. Matrix revolutions: "Tails" of basement-membrane components with angiostatic functions. Trends Cell Biol. 15 (2005) 52-60
18. Blasco F., Penuelas S., Cascallo M., Hernandez J.L., Alemany C., Masa M., Calbo J., Soler M., Nicolas M., Perez-Torras S., Gomez A., Tarrason G., et al. Expression profiles of a human pancreatic cancer cell line upon induction of apoptosis search for modulators in cancer therapy. Oncology 67 (2004) 277-290
19. Burg M.A., Grako K.A., and Stallcup W.B. Expression of the NG2 proteoglycan enhances the growth and metastatic properties of melanoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 177 (1998) 299-312
20. Campoli M.R., Chang C.C., Kageshita T., Wang X., McCarthy J.B., and Ferrone S. Human high molecular weight-melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA): A melanoma cell surface chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MSCP) with biological and clinical significance. Crit. Rev. Immunol. 24 (2004) 267-296
21. Cardoso L.E., Falcao P.G., and Sampaio F.J. Increased and localized accumulation of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the hyperplastic human prostate. BJU Int. 93 (2004) 532-538
22. Cattaruzza S., Schiappacassi M., Kimata K., Colombatti A., and Perris R. The globular domains of PG-M/versican modulate the proliferation-apoptosis equilibrium and invasive capabilities of tumor cells. FASEB J. 18 (2004) 779-781
23. Cattaruzza S., Schiappacassi M., Ljungberg-Rose A., Spessotto P., Perissinotto D., Morgelin M., Mucignat M.T., Colombatti A., and Perris R. Distribution of PG-M/versican variants in human tissues and de novo expression of isoform V3 upon endothelial cell activation, migration, and neoangiogenesis in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 47626-47635
24. Chekenya M., Rooprai H.K., Davies D., Levine J.M., Butt A.M., and Pilkington G.J. The NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan: role in malignant progression of human brain tumours. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 17 (1999) 421-435
25. Daidouji K., Takagaki K., Yoshihara S., Matsuya H., Sasaki M., and Endo M. Neoplastic changes in saccharide sequence of dermatan sulfate chains derived from human colon cancer. Dig. Dis. Sci. 47 (2002) 331-337
26. Davies Cde L., Melder R.J., Munn L.L., Mouta-Carreira C., Jain R.K., and Boucher Y. Decorin inhibits endothelial migration and tube-like structure formation: Role of thrombospondin-1. Microvasc. Res. 62 (2001) 26-42
27. De Luca A., Santra M., Baldi A., Giordano A., and Iozzo R.V. Decorin-induced growth suppression is associated with up-regulation of p21, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 18961-18965
28. Delpech B., Girard N., Olivier A., Maingonnat C., van Driessche G., van Beeumen J., Bertrand P., Duval C., Delpech A., and Bourguignon J. The origin of hyaluronectin in human tumors. Int. J. Cancer 72 (1997) 942-948
29. Denholm E.M., Lin Y.Q., and Silver P.J. Anti-tumor activities of chondroitinase AC and chondroitinase B: Inhibition of angiogenesis, proliferation and invasion. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 416 (2001) 213-221
30. Desmouliere A., Guyot C., and Gabbiani G. The stroma reaction myofibroblast: A key player in the control of tumor cell behavior. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 48 (2004) 509-517
31. Domenzain C., Docampo M.J., Serra M., Miquel L., and Bassols A. Differential expression of versican isoforms is a component of the human melanoma cell differentiation process. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1642 (2003) 107-114
32. Dow K.E., and Wang W. Cell biology of astrocyte proteoglycans. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 54 (1998) 567-581
33. Edgell C.J., BaSalamah M.A., and Marr H.S. Testican-1: A differentially expressed proteoglycan with protease inhibiting activities. Int. Rev. Cytol. 236 (2004) 101-122
34. Endo K., Takino T., Miyamori H., Kinsen H., Yoshizaki T., Furukawa M., and Sato H. Cleavage of syndecan-1 by membrane type matrix metalloproteinase-1 stimulates cell migration. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 40764-40770
35. Esko J.D., Rostand K.S., and Weinke J.L. Tumor formation dependent on proteoglycan biosynthesis. Science 241 (1988) 1092-1096
36. Feizi T. Progress in deciphering the information content of the "glycome": A crescendo in the closing years of the millennium. Glycoconj. J. 17 (2000) 553-565
37. Fieber C., Baumann P., Vallon R., Termeer C., Simon J.C., Hofmann M., Angel P., Herrlich P., and Sleeman J.P. Hyaluronan-oligosaccharide-induced transcription of metalloproteases. J. Cell Sci. 117 (2004) 359-367
38. Filmus J. Glypicans in growth control and cancer. Glycobiology 11 (2001) 19R-23R
39. Fransson L.A., Belting M., Jonsson M., Mani K., Moses J., and Oldberg A. Biosynthesis of decorin and glypican. Matrix Biol. 19 (2000) 367-376
40. Frisch S.M., and Francis H. Disruption of epithelial cell-matrix interactions induces apoptosis. J. Cell Biol. 124 (1994) 619-626
41. Gallatin W.M., Weissman I.L., and Butcher E.C. A cell-surface molecule involved in organ-specific homing of lymphocytes. Nature 304 (1983) 30-34
42. Garcia-Garcia M.J., and Anderson K.V. Essential role of glycosaminoglycans in Fgf signaling during mouse gastrulation. Cell 114 (2003) 727-737
43. Ghatak S., Misra S., and Toole B.P. Hyaluronan oligosaccharides inhibit anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells by suppressing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 38013-38020
44. Givehchian M., Woerner S.M., Lacroix J., Zoller M., Drings P., Becker H., Kayser K., Ridder R., and von Knebel Doeberitz M. Expression of CD44 splice variants in normal respiratory epithelium and bronchial carcinomas: No evidence for altered CD44 splicing in metastasis. Oncogene 12 (1996) 1137-1144
45. Gottschalk D., Fehn M., Patt S., Saeger W., Kirchner T., and Aigner T. Matrix gene expression analysis and cellular phenotyping in chordoma reveals focal differentiation pattern of neoplastic cells mimicking nucleus pulposus development. Am. J. Pathol. 158 (2001) 1571-1578
46. Grant D.S., Yenisey C., Rose R.W., Tootell M., Santra M., and Iozzo R.V. Decorin suppresses tumor cell-mediated angiogenesis. Oncogene 21 (2002) 4765-4777
47. Gunthert U., Hofmann M., Rudy W., Reber S., Zoller M., Haussmann I., Matzku S., Wenzel A., Ponta H., and Herrlich P. A new variant of glycoprotein CD44 confers metastatic potential to rat carcinoma cells. Cell 65 (1991) 13-24
48. Haimovitz-Friedman A., Falcone D.J., Eldor A., Schirrmacher V., Vlodavsky I., and Fuks Z. Activation of platelet heparitinase by tumor cell-derived factors. Blood 78 (1991) 789-796
49. Hanly A.M., Hayanga A., Winter D.C., and Bouchier-Hayes D.J. Thrombomodulin: Tumour biology and prognostic implications. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 31 (2005) 217-220
50. Heider K.H., Dammrich J., Skroch-Angel P., Muller-Hermelink H.K., Vollmers H.P., Herrlich P., and Ponta H. Differential expression of CD44 splice variants in intestinal- and diffuse-type human gastric carcinomas and normal gastric mucosa. Cancer Res. 53 (1993) 4197-4203
51. Heredia A., Villena J., Romaris M., Molist A., and Bassols A. The effect of TGF-beta 1 on cell proliferation and proteoglycan production in human melanoma cells depends on the degree of cell differentiation. Cancer Lett. 109 (1996) 39-47
52. Hibbs K., Skubitz K.M., Pambuccian S.E., Casey R.C., Burleson K.M., Oegema Jr. T.R., Thiele J.J., Grindle S.M., Bliss R.L., and Skubitz A.P. Differential gene expression in ovarian carcinoma: Identification of potential biomarkers. Am. J. Pathol. 165 (2004) 397-414
53. Hornebeck W., and Birembaut P. Introduction: Stroma reaction and cancer progression. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 49 (2004) 177-178
54. Huang H.C., Shi G.Y., Jiang S.J., Shi C.S., Wu C.M., Yang H.Y., and Wu H.L. Thrombomodulin-mediated cell adhesion: Involvement of its lectin-like domain. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 46750-46759
55. Hudson D.L., Speight P.M., and Watt F.M. Altered expression of CD44 isoforms in squamous-cell carcinomas and cell lines derived from them. Int. J. Cancer 66 (1996) 457-463
56. Hunzelmann N., Schonherr E., Bonnekoh B., Hartmann C., Kresse H., and Krieg T. Altered immunohistochemical expression of small proteoglycans in the tumor tissue and stroma of basal cell carcinoma. J. Invest. Dermatol. 104 (1995) 509-513
57. Iida J., Meijne A.M., Knutson J.R., Furcht L.T., and McCarthy J.B. Cell surface chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in tumor cell adhesion, motility and invasion. Semin. Cancer Biol. 7 (1996) 155-162
58. Iida J., Meijne A.M., Oegema Jr. T.R., Yednock T.A., Kovach N.L., Furcht L.T., and McCarthy J.B. A role of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan binding site in alpha4beta1 integrin-mediated melanoma cell adhesion. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 5955-5962
59. Iida J., Pei D., Kang T., Simpson M.A., Herlyn M., Furcht L.T., and McCarthy J.B. Melanoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan regulates matrix metalloproteinase-dependent human melanoma invasion into type I collagen. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 18786-18794
60. Iida J., Wilhelmson K.L., Price M.A., Wilson C.M., Pei D., Furcht L.T., and McCarthy J.B. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase promotes human melanoma invasion and growth. J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 (2004) 167-176
61. Ioachim H.L. The stromal reaction of tumors: An expression of immune surveillance. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 57 (1976) 465-475
62. Iozzo R.V. Tumor stroma as a regulator of neoplastic behavior: Agonistic and antagonistic elements embedded in the same connective tissue. Lab. Invest. 73 (1995) 157-160
63. Iozzo R.V. Matrix proteoglycans: From molecular design to cellular function. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 67 (1998) 609-652
64. Iozzo R.V. The biology of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans: Functional network of interactive proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 18843-18846
65. Iozzo R.V., and Cohen I. Altered proteoglycan gene expression and the tumor stroma. EXS 70 (1994) 199-214
66. Iozzo R.V., Moscatello D.K., McQuillan D.J., and Eichstetter I. Decorin is a biological ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 4489-4492
67. Isogai Z., Shinomura T., Yamakawa N., Takeuchi J., Tsuji T., Heinegard D., and Kimata K. 2B1 antigen characteristically expressed on extracellular matrices of human malignant tumors is a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, PG-M/versican. Cancer Res. 56 (1996) 3902-3908
68. Ito Y., Abiko Y., Tanaka Y., Rahemtulla F., and Kaku T. Immunohistochemical localization of large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in odontogenic tumor. Med. Electron Microsc. 35 (2002) 173-177
69. Jackson D.G. The lymphatics revisited: New perspectives from the hyaluronan receptor LYVE-1. Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 13 (2003) 1-7
70. Jackson D.G., Bell J.I., Dickinson R., Timans J., Shields J., and Whittle N. Proteoglycan forms of the lymphocyte homing receptor CD44 are alternatively spliced variants containing the v3 exon. J. Cell Biol. 128 (1995) 673-685
71. Jaques L.B. Glycosaminoglycans as polyelectrolytes: Rejuvenation of original concepts. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 17 Suppl 1 (1991) 1-4
72. Jarvelainen H.T., Iruela-Arispe M.L., Kinsella M.G., Sandell L.J., Sage E.H., and Wight T.N. Expression of decorin by sprouting bovine aortic endothelial cells exhibiting angiogenesis in vitro. Exp. Cell Res. 203 (1992) 395-401
73. Jothy S. CD44 and its partners in metastasis. Clin. Exp. Metastasis 20 (2003) 195-201
74. Kageshita T., Johno M., Ono T., Arao T., and Imai K. Immunohistological detection of human malignant melanoma using monoclonal antibody to a melanoma-associated antigen. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 277 (1985) 334-336
75. Karvinen S., Kosma V.M., Tammi M.I., and Tammi R. Hyaluronan, CD44 and versican in epidermal keratinocyte tumours. Br. J. Dermatol. 148 (2003) 86-94
76. Kim E.S., and Herbst R.S. Angiogenesis inhibitors in lung cancer. Curr. Oncol. Rep. 4 (2002) 325-333
77. Kim N.R., Suh Y.L., Shin H.J., and Park I.S. Gliofibroma with extensive calcified deposits. Clin. Neuropathol. 22 (2003) 14-22
78. Koninger J., Giese N.A., di Mola F.F., Berberat P., Giese T., Esposito I., Bachem M.G., Buchler M.W., and Friess H. Overexpressed decorin in pancreatic cancer: Potential tumor growth inhibition and attenuation of chemotherapeutic action. Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (2004) 4776-4783
79. Koshiishi I., Takenouchi M., and Imanari T. Structural characteristics of oversulfated chondroitin/dermatan sulfates in the fibrous lesions of the liver with cirrhosis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 370 (1999) 151-155
80. Kovalszky I., Pogany G., Molnar G., Jeney A., Lapis K., Karacsonyi S., Szecseny A., and Iozzo R.V. Altered glycosaminoglycan composition in reactive and neoplastic human liver. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 167 (1990) 883-890
81. Kugelman L.C., Ganguly S., Haggerty J.G., Weissman S.M., and Milstone L.M. The core protein of epican, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan on keratinocytes, is an alternative form of CD44. J. Invest. Dermatol. 99 (1992) 886-891
82. Kusafuka K., Ishiwata T., Sugisaki Y., Takemura T., Kusafuka M., Hisha H., and Ikehara S. Lumican expression is associated with the formation of mesenchyme-like elements in salivary pleomorphic adenomas. J. Pathol. 203 (2004) 953-960
83. Ladanyi A., Gallai M., Paku S., Nagy J.O., Dudas J., Timar J., and Kovalszky I. Expression of a decorin-like moleculein human melanoma. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 7 (2001) 260-266
84. Lapis K., Kavalsky I., Jeney A., Pogany G., Molnar G., Repassy D., Szecseny A., and Karacsonyi S. Alterations of glycosaminoglycans in human liver and kidney tumors. Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med. 15 (1990) 155-165
85. Leygue E., Snell L., Dotzlaw H., Troup S., Hiller-Hitchcock T., Murphy L.C., Roughley P.J., and Watson P.H. Lumican and decorin are differentially expressed in human breast carcinoma. J. Pathol. 192 (2000) 313-320
86. Li D., Clark C.C., and Myers J.C. Basement membrane zone type XV collagen is a disulfide-bonded chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in human tissues and cultured cells. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 22339-22347
87. Liang Y., Haring M., Roughley P.J., Margolis R.K., and Margolis R.U. Glypican and biglycan in the nuclei of neurons and glioma cells: Presence of functional nuclear localization signals and dynamic changes in glypican during the cell cycle. J. Cell Biol. 139 (1997) 851-864
88. Lidholt K., Eriksson I., and Kjellen L. Heparin proteoglycans synthesized by mouse mastocytoma contain chondroitin sulphate. Biochem. J. 311 Pt 1 (1995) 233-238
89. Liu Y., Watanabe H., Nifuji A., Yamada Y., Olson E.N., and Noda M. Overexpression of a single helix-loop-helix-type transcription factor, scleraxis, enhances aggrecan gene expression in osteoblastic osteosarcoma ROS17/2.8 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 29880-29885
90. Lokeshwar V.B., Cerwinka W.H., and Lokeshwar B.L. HYAL1 hyaluronidase: A molecular determinant of bladder tumor growth and invasion. Cancer Res. 65 (2005) 2243-2250
91. Lopez-Casillas F., Cheifetz S., Doody J., Andres J.L., Lane W.S., and Massague J. Structure and expression of the membrane proteoglycan betaglycan, a component of the TGF-beta receptor system. Cell 67 (1991) 785-795
92. Lorente G., Nelson A., Mueller S., Kuo J., Urfer R., Nikolich K., and Foehr E.D. Functional comparison of long and short splice forms of RPTPbeta: Implications for glioblastoma treatment. Neurooncology 7 (2005) 154-163
93. Lu Y.P., Ishiwata T., Kawahara K., Watanabe M., Naito Z., Moriyama Y., Sugisaki Y., and Asano G. Expression of lumican in human colorectal cancer cells. Pathol. Int. 52 (2002) 519-526
94. Makagiansar I.T., Williams S., Dahlin-Huppe K., Fukushi J., Mustelin T., and Stallcup W.B. Phosphorylation of NG2 proteoglycan by protein kinase C-alpha regulates polarized membrane distribution and cell motility. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 55262-55270
95. Maquart F.X., Pasco S., Ramont L., Hornebeck W., and Monboisse J.C. An introduction to matrikines: Extracellular matrix-derived peptides which regulate cell activity. Implication in tumor invasion. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 49 (2004) 199-202
96. Marhaba R., and Zoller M. CD44 in cancer progression: Adhesion, migration and growth regulation. J. Mol. Histol. 35 (2004) 211-231
97. Matsui F., and Oohira A. Proteoglycans and injury of the central nervous system. Congenit. Anom. Kyoto 44 (2004) 181-188
98. Mayr C., Bund D., Schlee M., Moosmann A., Kofler D.M., Hallek M., and Wendtner C.M. Fibromodulin as a novel tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), which allows expansion of specific CD8+ autologous T lymphocytes. Blood 105 (2005) 1566-1573
99. McDoniels-Silvers A.L., Nimri C.F., Stoner G.D., Lubet R.A., and You M. Differential gene expression in human lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res. 8 (2002) 1127-1138
100. Miyasaka Y., Enomoto N., Nagayama K., Izumi N., Marumo F., Watanabe M., and Sato C. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma using suppression subtractive hybridization. Br. J. Cancer 85 (2001) 228-234
101. Morgenstern D.A., Asher R.A., and Fawcett J.W. Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the CNS injury response. Prog. Brain Res. 137 (2002) 313-332
102. Mori H., Tomari T., Koshikawa N., Kajita M., Itoh Y., Sato H., Tojo H., Yana I., and Seiki M. CD44 directs membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase to lamellipodia by associating with its hemopexin-like domain. EMBO J. 21 (2002) 3949-3959
103. Moyano J.V., Carnemolla B., Albar J.P., Leprini A., Gaggero B., Zardi L., and Garcia-Pardo A. Cooperative role for activated alpha4 beta1 integrin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in cell adhesion to the heparin III domain of fibronectin: Identification of a novel heparin and cell binding sequence in repeat III5. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 135-142
104. Murai T., Miyazaki Y., Nishinakamura H., Sugahara K.N., Miyauchi T., Sako Y., Yanagida T., and Miyasaka M. Engagement of CD44 promotes Rac activation and CD44 cleavage during tumor cell migration. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 4541-4550
105. Murai T., Sougawa N., Kawashima H., Yamaguchi K., and Miyasaka M. CD44-chondroitin sulfate interactions mediate leukocyte rolling under physiological flow conditions. Immunol. Lett. 93 (2004) 163-170
106. Murray D., Morrin M., and McDonnell S. Increased invasion and expression of MMP-9 in human colorectal cell lines by a CD44-dependent mechanism. Anticancer Res. 24 (2004) 489-494
107. Nagle R.B. Role of the extracellular matrix in prostate carcinogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 91 (2004) 36-40
108. Nakada M., Miyamori H., Yamashita J., and Sato H. Testican 2 abrogates inhibition of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases by other testican family proteins. Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 3364-3369
109. Nakada M., Yamada A., Takino T., Miyamori H., Takahashi T., Yamashita J., and Sato H. Suppression of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated MMP-2 activation and tumor invasion by testican 3 and its splicing variant gene product, N-Tes. Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 8896-8902
110. Naor D., Nedvetzki S., Golan I., Melnik L., and Faitelson Y. CD44 in cancer. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 39 (2002) 527-579
111. Nara Y., Kato Y., Torii Y., Tsuji Y., Nakagaki S., Goto S., Isobe H., Nakashima N., and Takeuchi J. Immunohistochemical localization of extracellular matrix components in human breast tumours with special reference to PG-M/versican. Histochem. J. 29 (1997) 21-30
112. Nash M.A., Deavers M.T., and Freedman R.S. The expression of decorin in human ovarian tumors. Clin. Cancer Res. 8 (2002) 1754-1760
113. Nelimarkka L., Salminen H., Kuopio T., Nikkari S., Ekfors T., Laine J., Pelliniemi L., and Jarvelainen H. Decorin is produced by capillary endothelial cells in inflammation-associated angiogenesis. Am. J. Pathol. 158 (2001) 345-353
114. Nishiyama A., Dahlin K.J., Prince J.T., Johnstone S.R., and Stallcup W.B. The primary structure of NG2, a novel membrane-spanning proteoglycan. J. Cell Biol. 114 (1991) 359-371
115. Nishiyama A., Lin X.H., and Stallcup W.B. Generation of truncated forms of the NG2 proteoglycan by cell surface proteolysis. Mol. Biol. Cell 6 (1995) 1819-1832
116. Nutt C.L., Matthews R.T., and Hockfield S. Glial tumor invasion: A role for the upregulation and cleavage of BEHAB/brevican. Neuroscientist 7 (2001) 113-122
117. Olofsson S., and Bergstrom T. Glycoconjugate glycans as viral receptors. Ann. Med. 37 (2005) 154-172
118. Ozerdem U., Grako K.A., Dahlin-Huppe K., Monosov E., and Stallcup W.B. NG2 proteoglycan is expressed exclusively by mural cells during vascular morphogenesis. Dev. Dyn. 222 (2001) 218-227
119. Ozerdem U., and Stallcup W.B. Early contribution of pericytes to angiogenic sprouting and tube formation. Angiogenesis 6 (2003) 241-249
120. Ozerdem U., and Stallcup W.B. Pathological angiogenesis is reduced by targeting pericytes via the NG2 proteoglycan. Angiogenesis 7 (2004) 269-276
121. Papadas T.A., Stylianou M., Mastronikolis N.S., Papageorgakopoulou N., Skandalis S., Goumas P., Theocharis D.A., and Vynios D.H. Alterations in the content and composition of glycosaminoglycans in human laryngeal carcinoma. Acta Otolaryngol. 122 (2002) 330-337
122. Parkinson J.F., Koyama T., Bang N.U., and Preissner K.T. Thrombomodulin: An anticoagulant cell surface proteoglycan with physiologically relevant glycosaminoglycan moiety. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 313 (1992) 177-188
123. Paulus W., Baur I., Dours-Zimmermann M.T., and Zimmermann D.R. Differential expression of versican isoforms in brain tumors. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 55 (1996) 528-533
124. Paulus W., Baur I., Schuppan D., and Roggendorf W. Characterization of integrin receptors in normal and neoplastic human brain. Am. J. Pathol. 143 (1993) 154-163
125. Pereira P.A., Rubenthiran U., Kaneko M., Jothy S., and Smith A.J. CD44s expression mitigates the phenotype of human colorectal cancer hepatic metastases. Anticancer Res. 21 (2001) 2713-2717
126. Petrini S., Tessa A., Carrozzo R., Verardo M., Pierini R., Rizza T., and Bertini E. Human melanoma/NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is expressed in the sarcolemma of postnatal human skeletal myofibers: Abnormal expression in merosin-negative and Duchenne muscular dystrophies. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 23 (2003) 219-231
127. Ping Lu Y., Ishiwata T., and Asano G. Lumican expression in alpha cells of islets in pancreas and pancreatic cancer cells. J. Pathol. 196 (2002) 324-330
128. Pirinen R., Leinonen T., Bohm J., Johansson R., Ropponen K., Kumpulainen E., and Kosma V.M. Versican in nonsmall cell lung cancer: Relation to hyaluronan, clinicopathologic factors, and prognosis. Hum. Pathol. 36 (2005) 44-50
129. Pluschke G., Vanek M., Evans A., Dittmar T., Schmid P., Itin P., Filardo E.J., and Reisfeld R.A. Molecular cloning of a human melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 9710-9715
130. Pukkila M.J., Kosunen A.S., Virtaniemi J.A., Kumpulainen E.J., Johansson R.T., Kellokoski J.K., Nuutinen J., and Kosma V.M. Versican expression in pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study. J. Clin. Pathol. 57 (2004) 735-739
131. Rauch U. Extracellular matrix components associated with remodeling processes in brain. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 61 (2004) 2031-2045
132. Ricciardelli C., Mayne K., Sykes P.J., Raymond W.A., McCaul K., Marshall V.R., and Horsfall D.J. Elevated levels of versican but not decorin predict disease progression in early-stage prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 4 (1998) 963-971
133. Ricciardelli C., Mayne K., Sykes P.J., Raymond W.A., McCaul K., Marshall V.R., Tilley W.D., Skinner J.M., and Horsfall D.J. Elevated stromal chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan predicts progression in early-stage prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 3 (1997) 983-992
134. Rolls A., Avidan H., Cahalon L., Schori H., Bakalash S., Litvak V., Lev S., Lider O., and Schwartz M. A disaccharide derived from chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan promotes central nervous system repair in rats and mice. Eur. J. Neurosci. 20 (2004) 1973-1983
135. Ross A.H., Cossu G., Herlyn M., Bell J.R., Steplewski Z., and Koprowski H. Isolation and chemical characterization of a melanoma-associated proteoglycan antigen. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 225 (1983) 370-383
136. Sakko A.J., Ricciardelli C., Mayne K., Suwiwat S., LeBaron R.G., Marshall V.R., Tilley W.D., and Horsfall D.J. Modulation of prostate cancer cell attachment to matrix by versican. Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 4786-4791
137. Sanderson R.D., Yang Y., Suva L.J., and Kelly T. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans and heparanase-partners in osteolytic tumor growth and metastasis. Matrix Biol. 23 (2004) 341-352
138. Santra M., Eichstetter I., and Iozzo R.V. An anti-oncogenic role for decorin. Down-regulation of ErbB2 leads to growth suppression and cytodifferentiation of mammary carcinoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 35153-35161
139. Santra M., Mann D.M., Mercer E.W., Skorski T., Calabretta B., and Iozzo R.V. Ectopic expression of decorin protein core causes a generalized growth suppression in neoplastic cells of various histogenetic origin and requires endogenous p21, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. J. Clin. Invest. 100 (1997) 149-157
140. Santra M., Skorski T., Calabretta B., Lattime E.C., and Iozzo R.V. De novo decorin gene expression suppresses the malignant phenotype in human colon cancer cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 (1995) 7016-7020
141. Scherpereel A., Gentina T., Grigoriu B., Senechal S., Janin A., Tsicopoulos A., Plenat F., Bechard D., Tonnel A.B., and Lassalle P. Overexpression of endocan induces tumor formation. Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 6084-6089
142. Schlessinger J., Lax I., and Lemmon M. Regulation of growth factor activation by proteoglycans: What is the role of the low affinity receptors?. Cell 83 (1995) 357-360
143. Schonherr E., Levkau B., Schaefer L., Kresse H., and Walsh K. Decorin-mediated signal transduction in endothelial cells: Involvement of Akt/protein kinase B in up-regulation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) but not p27(KIP1). J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 40687-40692
144. Schonherr E., Sunderkotter C., Schaefer L., Thanos S., Grassel S., Oldberg A., Iozzo R.V., Young M.F., and Kresse H. Decorin deficiency leads to impaired angiogenesis in injured mouse cornea. J. Vasc. Res. 41 (2004) 499-508
145. Schwartz N.B., and Domowicz M. Proteoglycans in brain development. Glycoconj. J. 21 (2004) 329-341
146. Seiki M. Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase: A key enzyme for tumor invasion. Cancer Lett. 194 (2003) 1-11
147. Serra M., Miquel L., Domenzain C., Docampo M.J., Fabra A., Wight T.N., and Bassols A. V3 versican isoform expression alters the phenotype of melanoma cells and their tumorigenic potential. Int. J. Cancer 114 (2005) 879-886
148. Shinji S., Tajiri T., Ishiwata T., Seya T., Tanaka N., and Naito Z. Different expression levels of lumican in human carcinoid tumor and neuroendocrine cell carcinoma. Int. J. Oncol. 26 (2005) 873-880
149. Shioi J., Pangalos M.N., Ripellino J.A., Vassilacopoulou D., Mytilineou C., Margolis R.U., and Robakis N.K. The Alzheimer amyloid precursor proteoglycan (appican) is present in brain and is produced by astrocytes but not by neurons in primary neural cultures. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 11839-11844
150. Shriver Z., Liu D., and Sasisekharan R. Emerging views of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan structure/activity relationships modulating dynamic biological functions. Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 12 (2002) 71-77
151. Smetsers T.F., van de Westerlo E.M., ten Dam G.B., Overes I.M., Schalkwijk J., van Muijen G.N., and van Kuppevelt T.H. Human single-chain antibodies reactive with native chondroitin sulfate detect chondroitin sulfate alterations in melanoma and psoriasis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 (2004) 707-716
152. Smith F.O., Rauch C., Williams D.E., March C.J., Arthur D., Hilden J., Lampkin B.C., Buckley J.D., Buckley C.V., Woods W.G., Dinndorf P.A., Sorensen P., et al. The human homologue of rat NG2, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is not expressed on the cell surface of normal hematopoietic cells but is expressed by acute myeloid leukemia blasts from poor-prognosis patients with abnormalities of chromosome band 11q23. Blood 87 (1996) 1123-1133
153. Sneath R.J., and Mangham D.C. The normal structure and function of CD44 and its role in neoplasia. Mol. Pathol. 51 (1998) 191-200
154. Soderstrom M., Bohling T., Ekfors T., Nelimarkka L., Aro H.T., and Vuorio E. Molecular profiling of human chondrosarcomas for matrix production and cancer markers. Int. J. Cancer 100 (2002) 144-151
155. Stallcup W.B. The NG2 proteoglycan: Past insights and future prospects. J. Neurocytol. 31 (2002) 423-435
156. Suenaga N., Mori H., Itoh Y., and Seiki M. CD44 binding through the hemopexin-like domain is critical for its shedding by membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase. Oncogene 24 (2005) 859-868
157. Sulochana K.N., Fan H., Jois S., Subramanian V., Sun F., Manjunatha Kini R., and Ge R. Peptides derived from human decorin leucine rich repeat 5 inhibit angiogenesis. J. Biol. Chem 280 (2005) 27935-27948
158. Suwiwat S., Ricciardelli C., Tammi R., Tammi M., Auvinen P., Kosma V.M., LeBaron R.G., Raymond W.A., Tilley W.D., and Horsfall D.J. Expression of extracellular matrix components versican, chondroitin sulfate, tenascin, and hyaluronan, and their association with disease outcome in node-negative breast cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (2004) 2491-2498
159. Syrokou A., Dobra K., Tzanakakis G.N., Hjerpe A., and Karamanos N.K. Synthesis and expression of mRNA encoding for different versican splice variants is related to the aggregation of human epithelial mesothelioma cells. Anticancer Res. 22 (2002) 4157-4162
160. Takagi H., Asano Y., Yamakawa N., Matsumoto I., and Kimata K. Annexin 6 is a putative cell surface receptor for chondroitin sulfate chains. J. Cell Sci. 115 (2002) 3309-3318
161. Tasanen K., Tunggal L., Chometon G., Bruckner-Tuderman L., and Aumailley M. Keratinocytes from patients lacking collagen XVII display a migratory phenotype. Am. J. Pathol. 164 (2004) 2027-2038
162. Tersariol I.L., Pimenta D.C., Chagas J.R., and Almeida P.C. Proteinase activity regulation by glycosaminoglycans. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 35 (2002) 135-144
163. Theocharis A.D. Human colon adenocarcinoma is associated with specific post-translational modifications of versican and decorin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1588 (2002) 165-172
164. Theocharis A.D., and Theocharis D.A. High-performance capillary electrophoretic analysis of hyaluronan and galactosaminoglycan-disaccharides in gastrointestinal carcinomas. Differential disaccharide composition as a possible tool-indicator for malignancies. Biomed. Chromatogr. 16 (2002) 157-161
165. Tillet E., Gential B., Garrone R., and Stallcup W.B. NG2 proteoglycan mediates beta1 integrin-independent cell adhesion and spreading on collagen VI. J. Cell. Biochem. 86 (2002) 726-736
166. Timar J., Lapis K., Dudas J., Sebestyen A., Kopper L., and Kovalszky I. Proteoglycans and tumor progression: Janus-faced molecules with contradictory functions in cancer. Semin. Cancer Biol. 12 (2002) 173-186
167. Tomoyasu H., Kikuchi A., and Kamo I. Identification of haemopoietic biglycan in hyperplastic thymus associated with myasthenia gravis. J. Neuroimmunol. 89 (1998) 59-63
168. Touab M., Arumi-Uria M., Barranco C., and Bassols A. Expression of the proteoglycans versican and mel-CSPG in dysplastic nevi. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 119 (2003) 587-593
169. Tralhao J.G., Schaefer L., Micegova M., Evaristo C., Schonherr E., Kayal S., Veiga-Fernandes H., Danel C., Iozzo R.V., Kresse H., and Lemarchand P. In vivo selective and distant killing of cancer cells using adenovirus-mediated decorin gene transfer. FASEB J. 17 (2003) 464-466
170. Trochon V., Mabilat C., Bertrand P., Legrand Y., Smadja-Joffe F., Soria C., Delpech B., and Lu H. Evidence of involvement of CD44 in endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in vitro. Int. J. Cancer 66 (1996) 664-668
171. Troup S., Njue C., Kliewer E.V., Parisien M., Roskelley C., Chakravarti S., Roughley P.J., Murphy L.C., and Watson P.H. Reduced expression of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans, lumican, and decorin is associated with poor outcome in node-negative invasive breast cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 9 (2003) 207-214
172. Trowbridge J.M., and Gallo R.L. Dermatan sulfate: New functions from an old glycosaminoglycan. Glycobiology 12 (2002) 117R-125R
173. Tsara M.E., Theocharis A.D., and Theocharis D.A. Compositional and structural alterations of proteoglycans in human rectum carcinoma with special reference to versican and decorin. Anticancer Res. 22 (2002) 2893-2898
174. Uhlman D.L., and Niehans G.A. Immunohistochemical study of chondroitin-6-sulphate and tenascin in the larynx: A loss of chondroitin-6-sulphate expression accompanies squamous cell carcinoma invasion. J. Pathol. 189 (1999) 470-474
175. van Weering D.H.J., Bass P.D., and Bos J.L. A PCR based method for the analysis of human CD44 splice products. PCR Methods Appl. 3 (1994) 100-1006
176. Velasco-Loyden G., Arribas J., and Lopez-Casillas F. The shedding of betaglycan is regulated by pervanadate and mediated by membrane type matrix metalloprotease-1. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 7721-7733
177. Voutilainen K., Anttila M., Sillanpaa S., Tammi R., Tammi M., Saarikoski S., and Kosma V.M. Versican in epithelial ovarian cancer: Relation to hyaluronan, clinicopathologic factors and prognosis. Int. J. Cancer 107 (2003) 359-364
178. Vuillermoz B., Khoruzhenko A., D'Onofrio M.F., Ramont L., Venteo L., Perreau C., Antonicelli F., Maquart F.X., and Wegrowski Y. The small leucine-rich proteoglycan lumican inhibits melanoma progression. Exp. Cell Res. 296 (2004) 294-306
179. Walter-Yohrling J., Cao X., Callahan M., Weber W., Morgenbesser S., Madden S.L., Wang C., and Teicher B.A. Identification of genes expressed in malignant cells that promote invasion. Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 8939-8947
180. Weber C.K., Sommer G., Michl P., Fensterer H., Weimer M., Gansauge F., Leder G., Adler G., and Gress T.M. Biglycan is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and induces G1-arrest in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Gastroenterology 121 (2001) 657-667
181. Wegrowski Y., Bellon G., Quereux C., and Maquart F.X. Biochemical alterations of uterine leiomyoma extracellular matrix in type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 180 (1999) 1032-1034
182. Wegrowski Y., and Maquart F.X. Involvement of stromal proteoglycans in tumour progression. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 49 (2004) 259-268
183. Wegrowski Y., Perreau C., Bontemps Y., and Maquart F.X. Uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase regulates proteoglycan expression: cDNA cloning and antisense study. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 250 (1998) 206-211
184. Wielenga V.J., Heider K.H., Offerhaus G.J., Adolf G.R., van den Berg F.M., Ponta H., Herrlich P., and Pals S.T. Expression of CD44 variant proteins in human colorectal cancer is related to tumor progression. Cancer Res. 53 (1993) 4754-4756
185. Williams S.J., and Davies G.J. Protein-carbohydrate interactions: Learning lessons from nature. Trends Biotechnol. 19 (2001) 356-362
186. Wilson B.S., Ruberto G., and Ferrone S. Immunochemical characterization of a human high molecular weight-melanoma associated antigen identified with monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 14 (1983) 196-201
187. Wiranowska M., Rojiani A.M., Gottschall P.E., Moscinski L.C., Johnson J., and Saporta S. CD44 expression and MMP-2 secretion by mouse glioma cells: Effect of interferon and anti-CD44 antibody. Anticancer Res. 20 (2000) 4301-4306
188. Wu Y., Zhang Y., Cao L., Chen L., Lee V., Zheng P.S., Kiani C., Adams M.E., Ang L.C., Paiwand F., and Yang B.B. Identification of the motif in versican G3 domain that plays a dominant-negative effect on astrocytoma cell proliferation through inhibiting versican secretion and binding. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 14178-14186
189. Xu Y., and Yu Q. E-cadherin negatively regulates CD44-hyaluronan interaction and CD44-mediated tumor invasion and branching morphogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 8661-8668
190. Yamada H., Watanabe K., Shimonaka M., and Yamaguchi Y. Molecular cloning of brevican, a novel brain proteoglycan of the aggrecan/versican family. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 10119-10126
191. Yasuda Y., Tokita Y., Aono S., Matsui F., Ono T., Sonta S., Watanabe E., Nakanishi Y., and Oohira A. Cloning and chromosomal mapping of the human gene of neuroglycan C (NGC), a neural transmembrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with an EGF module. Neurosci. Res. 32 (1998) 313-322
192. Yin L. Chondroitin synthase 1 is a key molecule in myeloma cell-osteoclast interactions. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 15666-15672
193. Yokoyama Y., Ishikawa O., and Miyachi Y. Disaccharide analysis of skin glycosaminoglycan in localized scleroderma. Dermatology 194 (1997) 329-333
194. Zhao M., Takata T., Kudo Y., Sato S., Ogawa I., Wakida K., Uchida T., and Nikai H. Biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans and aggrecan by tumor cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: Ultrastructural evidence. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 28 (1999) 442-450
195. Zheng P.S., Wen J., Ang L.C., Sheng W., Viloria-Petit A., Wang Y., Wu Y., Kerbel R.S., and Yang B.B. Versican/PG-M G3 domain promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis. FASEB J. 18 (2004) 754-756
196. Zou P., Zou K., Muramatsu H., Ichihara-Tanaka K., Habuchi O., Ohtake S., Ikematsu S., Sakuma S., and Muramatsu T. Glycosaminoglycan structures required for strong binding to midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor. Glycobiology 13 (2003) 35-42