BRIT1/MCPH1: A guardian of genome and an enemy of tumors

Cell Cycle

Volumn 5, Issue 22, 2006, Pages 2579-2583

  Chaplet, Michael ^a   Rai, Rekha ^b   Jackson Bernitsas, Deborah ^a   Li, Kaiyi ^c   Lin, Shiaw Yih ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^b ACTREC (CRI) TMC   (India)

^c BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

BRIT1; Checkpoint; DNA repair; Foci; Tumor suppressor

Indexed keywords

BRCA1 PROTEIN; CELL PROTEIN; CHECKPOINT KINASE 1; MICROCEPHALIN; PROTEIN BRIT1; TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CANCER GROWTH; CANCER THERAPY; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL CYCLE; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; DNA DAMAGE; GENOME ANALYSIS; HUMAN; MITOSIS; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DEPLETION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW;

EUKARYOTA;

EID: 33751218297     PISSN: 15384101     EISSN: 15514005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4161/cc.5.22.3471     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Zhou BB, Elledge SJ. The DNA damage response: Putting checkpoints in perspective. Nature 2000; 408:433-9.
2. Kastan MB, Bartek J. Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature 2004; 432:316-23.
3. Lin SY, Elledge SJ. Multiple tumor suppressor pathways negatively regulate telomerase. Cell 2003; 113:881-9.
4. Stewart SA, Ben-Porath I, Carey VJ, O'Connor BF, Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Erosion of the telomeric single-strand overhang at replicative senescence. Nat Genet 2003; 33:492-6.
5. Jackson AP, Eastwood H, Bell SM, Adu J, Toomes C, Carr IM, Roberts E, Hampshire DJ, Crow YJ, Mighell AJ, Karbani G, Jafri H, Rashid Y, Mueller RF, Markham AF,Woods CG. Identification of microcephalin, a protein implicated in determining the size of the human brain. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 71:136-42.
6. Yu X, Chini CC, He M, Mer G, Chen J. The BRCT domain is a phospho-protein binding domain. Science 2003; 302:639-42.
7. Manke IA, Lowery DM, Nguyen A, Yaffe MB. BRCT repeats as phosphopeptide-binding modules involved in protein targeting. Science 2003; 302:636-9.
8. Xu X, Lee J, Stern DF. Microcephalin is a DNA damage response protein involved in regulation of CHK1 and BRCA1. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:34091-4.
9. Lin SY, Rai R, Li K, Xu ZX, Elledge SJ. BRIT1/MCPH1 is a DNA damage responsive protein that regulates the Brca1-Chk1 pathway, implicating checkpoint dysfunction in microcephaly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102:15105-9.
10. Bakkenist CJ, Kastan MB. Initiating cellular stress responses. Cell 2004; 118:9-17.
11. Shiloh Y. ATM and related protein kinases: Safeguarding genome integrity. Nat Rev Cancer 2003; 3:155-68.
12. McGowan CH, Russell P. The DNA damage response: Sensing and signaling. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2004; 16:629-33.
13. Fernandez-Capetillo O, Celeste A, Nussenzweig A. Focusing on foci: H2AX and the recruitment of DNA-damage response factors. Cell Cycle 2003; 2:426-7.
14. Rai R, Dai H, Multani AS, Li K, Chin K, Gray J, Lahad JP, Liang J, Mills GB, Meric-Bernstam F, Lin SY. BRIT1 regulates early DNA damage response, chromosomal integrity, and cancer. Cancer Cell 2006; 10:145-57.
15. Rogakou EP, Boon C, Redon C, Bonner WM. Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo. J Cell Biol 1999; 146:905-16.
16. Stiff T, O'Driscoll M, Rief N, Iwabuchi K, Lobrich M, Jeggo PA. ATM and DNA-PK function redundantly to phosphorylate H2AX after exposure to ionizing radiation. Cancer Res 2004; 64:2390-6.
17. Xiong J, Fan S, Meng Q, Schramm L, Wang C, Bouzahza B, Zhou J, Zafonte B, Goldberg ID, Haddad BR, Pestell RG, Rosen EM. BRCA1 inhibition of telomerase activity in cultured cells. Mol Cell Biol 2003; 23:8668-90.
18. Ozaki T, Nagase T, Ichimiya S, Seki N, Ohiri M, Nomura N, Takada N, Sakiyama S, Weber BL, Nakagawara A. NFBD1/KIAA0170 is a novel nuclear transcriptional transactivator with BRCT domain. DNA Cell Biol 2000; 19:475-85.
19. Abraham RT. Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases. Genes Dev 2001; 15:2177-96.
20. Margolis SS, Kornbluth S. When the checkpoints have gone: Insights into Cdc25 functional activation. Cell Cycle 2004; 3:425-8.
21. Cortez D, Wang Y, Qin J, Elledge SJ. Requirement of ATM-dependent phosphorylation of brca1 in the DNA damage response to double-strand breaks. Science 1999; 286:1162-6.
22. Xu B, O'Donnell AH, Kim ST, Kastan MB. Phosphorylation of serine 1387 in Brca1 is specifically required for the Atm-mediated S-phase checkpoint after ionizing irradiation. Cancer Res 2002; 62:4588-91.
23. Kalogeropoulos N, Christoforou C, Green AJ, Gill S, Ashcroft NR. chk-1 is an essential gene and is required for an S-M checkpoint during early embryogenesis. Cell Cycle 2004; 3:1196-200.
24. Alderton GK, Galbiati L, Griffith E, Surinya KH, Neitzel H, Jackson AP, Jeggo PA, O'Driscoll M. Regulation of mitotic entry by microcephalin and its overlap with ATR signalling. Nat Cell Biol 2006; 8:725-33.
25. Le Breton M, Cormier P, Belle R, Mulner-Lorillon O, Morales J. Translational control during mitosis. Biochimie 2005; 87:805-11.
26. Shay JW, Bacchetti S. A survey of telomerase activity in human cancer. Eur J Cancer 1997; 33:787-91.
27. Miller BJ, Wang D, Krahe R, Wright FA. Pooled analysis of loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer: A genome scan provides comparative evidence for multiple tumor suppressors and identifies novel candidate regions. AmJ Hum Genet 2003; 73:748-67.
28. Thor AD, Eng C, Devries S, Paterakos M, Watkin WG, Edgerton S, Moore IInd DH, Etzell J, Waldman FM. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast is associated with chromosome 8 abnormalities detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Hum Pathol 2002; 33:628-31.
29. Pribill I, Speiser P, Leary J, Leodolter S, Hacker NF, Friedlander ML, Birnbaum D, Zeillinger R, Krainer M. High frequency of allelic imbalance at regions of chromosome arm 8p in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2001; 129:23-9.
30. DeMarzo AM, Nelson WG, Isaacs WB, Epstein JI. Pathological and molecular aspects of prostate cancer. Lancet 2003; 361:955-64.
31. Bartkova J, Horejsi Z, Koed K, Kramer A, Tort F, Zieger K, Guldberg P, Sehested M, Nesland JM, Lukas C, Orntoft T, Lukas J, Bartek J. DNA damage response as a candidate anti-cancer barrier in early human tumorigenesis. Nature 2005; 434:864-70.
32. Motoyama N, Naka K. DNA damage tumor suppressor genes and genomic instability. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2004; 14:11-6.
33. Gorgoulis VG, Vassiliou LV, Karakaidos P, Zacharatos P, Kotsinas A, Liloglou T, Venere M, Ditullio Jr RA, Kastrinakis NG, Levy B, Kletsas D, Yoneta A, Herlyn M, Kittas C, Halazonetis TD. Activation of the DNA damage checkpoint and genomic instability in human precancerous lesions. Nature 2005; 434:907-13.
34. Shechter D, Gautier J. ATM and ATR check in on origins: A dynamic model for origin selection and activation. Cell Cycle 2005; 4:235-8.
35. Uziel T, Lerenthal Y, Moyal L, Andegeko Y, Mittelman L, Shiloh Y. Requirement of the MRN complex for ATM activation by DNA damage. Embo J 2003; 22:5612-21.
36. Lee JH, Paull TT. Direct activation of the ATM protein kinase by the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex. Science 2004; 304:93-6.
37. Mochan TA, Venere M, DiTullio Jr RA, Halazonetis TD. 53BP1 and NFBD1/MDC1-Nbs1 function in parallel interacting pathways activating ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) in response to DNA damage. Cancer Res 2003; 63:8586-91.
38. Zou L, Elledge SJ. Sensing DNA damage through ATRIP recognition of RPA-ssDNA complexes. Science 2003; 300:1542-8.