Cytokines in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

Autoimmunity

Volumn 39, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 177-190

  Salomonsson, Stina ^a   Lundberg, Ingrid E ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Cytokines; Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; Interferon (IFN); Interleukin (IL); Transforming growth factor (TGF); Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)

Indexed keywords

ADALIMUMAB; ALPHA INTERFERON; BETA INTERFERON; ETANERCEPT; GAMMA INTERFERON; HIGH MOBILITY GROUP B1 PROTEIN; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 15; INTERLEUKIN 17; INTERLEUKIN 18; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 6; KINARET; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; RECOMBINANT ALPHA INTERFERON; RECOMBINANT BETA INTERFERON; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ANAPHYLAXIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CLINICAL FEATURE; COUGHING; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ERUPTION; FEVER; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; MUSCLE EXERCISE; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MYOSITIS; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PHENOTYPE; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS;

ANIMALS; BLOOD VESSELS; CYTOKINES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INTERLEUKIN-1; MUSCLES; MYOSITIS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA;

EID: 33745080281     PISSN: 08916934     EISSN: 1607842X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08916930600622256     Document Type: Review

References (167)

1. Elliott, MJ and Maini, RN and Feldmann, M and Long-Fox, A and Charles, P and Katsikis, P and Brennan, FM and Walker, J and Bijl, H and Ghrayeb, J and (1993) Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with chimeric monoclonal antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha Arthritis Rheum, 36, pp. 1681-1690.
2. van Dullemen, HM and van Deventer, SJ and Hommes, DW and Bijl, HA and Jansen, J and Tytgat, GN and Woody, J. (1995) Treatment of Crohn's disease with anti-tumor necrosis factor chimeric monoclonal antibody (cA2) Gastroenterology, 109, pp. 129-135.
3. Lundberg, IE. (2003) Clinical symptoms in patients with myositis-an acquired metabolic myopathy? Curr Opin Rheumatol, 15, pp. 675-678.
4. Arahata, K and Engel, AG. (1984) Monoclonal antibody analysis of mononuclear cells in myopathies. I: Quantitation of subsets according to diagnosis and sites of accumulation and demonstration and counts of muscle fibers invaded by T cells Ann Neurol, 16, pp. 193-208.
5. Engel, AG and Arahata, K. (1984) Monoclonal antibody analysis of mononuclear cells in myopathies. II: Phenotypes of autoinvasive cells in polymyositis and inclusion body myositis Ann Neurol, 16, pp. 209-215.
6. Karpati, G and Pouliot, Y and Carpenter, S. (1988) Expression of immunoreactive major histocompatibility complex products in human skeletal muscles Ann Neurol, 23, pp. 64-72.
7. Emslie-Smith, AM and Arahata, K and Engel, AG. (1989) Major histocompatibility complex class I antigen expression, immunolocalization of interferon subtypes, and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in myopathies Hum Pathol, 20, pp. 224-231.
8. Lundberg, I and Brengman, JM and Engel, AG. (1995) Analysis of cytokine expression in muscle in inflammatory myopathies. Duchenne dystrophy, and non-weak controls J Neuroimmunol, 63, pp. 9-16.
9. Lindberg, C and Oldfors, A and Tarkowski, A. (1995) Local T-cell proliferation and differentiation in inflammatory myopathies Scand J Immunol, 41, pp. 421-426.
10. Tews, DS and Goebel, HH. (1996) Cytokine expression profile in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 55, pp. 342-347.
11. Nyberg, P and Wikman, AL and Nennesmo, I and Lundberg, I. (2000) Increased expression of interleukin 1alpha and MHC class I in muscle tissue of patients with chronic, inactive polymyositis and dermatomyositis J Rheumatol, 27, pp. 940-948.
12. Englund, P and Lindroos, E and Nennesmo, I and Klareskog, L and Lundberg, IE. (2001) Skeletal muscle fibers express major histocompatibility complex class II antigens independently of inflammatory infiltrates in inflammatory myopathies Am J Pathol, 159, pp. 1263-1273.
13. Englund, P and Nennesmo, I and Klareskog, L and Lundberg, IE. (2002) Interleukin-1alpha expression in capillaries and major histocompatibility complex class I expression in type II muscle fibers from polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients: Important pathogenic features independent of inflammatory cell clusters in muscle tissue Arthritis Rheum, 46, pp. 1044-1055.
14. Nagaraju, K and Raben, N and Merritt, G and Loeffler, L and Kirk, K and Plotz, P. (1998) A variety of cytokines and immunologically relevant surface molecules are expressed by normal human skeletal muscle cells under proinflammatory stimuli Clin Exp Immunol, 113, pp. 407-414.
15. Nagaraju, K and Raben, N and Loeffler, L and Parker, T and Rochon, PJ and Lee, E and Danning, C and Wada, R and Thompson, C and Bahtiyar, G and (2000) Conditional up-regulation of MHC class I in skeletal muscle leads to self-sustaining autoimmune myositis and myositis-specific autoantibodies Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 97, pp. 9209-9214.
16. Wolf, RE and Baethge, BA. (1990) Interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-2, and soluble interleukin-2 receptors in polymyositis Arthritis Rheum, 33, pp. 1007-1014.
17. Fang, CH and Li, BG and James, JH and Fischer, JE and Hasselgren, PO. (1997) Cytokines block the effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on glucose uptake and lactate production in skeletal muscle but do not influence IGF-I-induced changes in protein turnover Shock, 8, pp. 362-367.
18. Lecker, SH and Solomon, V and Mitch, WE and Goldberg, AL. (1999) Muscle protein breakdown and the critical role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in normal and disease states J Nutr, 129(1S Suppl), pp. 227S-237S.
19. Quinn, LS and Haugk, KL and Grabstein, KH. (1995) Interleukin-15: A novel anabolic cytokine for skeletal muscle Endocrinology, 136, pp. 3669-3672.
20. DeVere, R and Bradley, WG. (1975) Polymyositis: Its presentation, morbidity and mortality Brain, 98, pp. 637-666.
21. Lundberg, I and Ulfgren, AK and Nyberg, P and Andersson, U and Klareskog, L. (1997) Cytokine production in muscle tissue of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies Arthritis Rheum, 40, pp. 865-874.
22. Lepidi, H and Frances, V and Figarella-Branger, D and Bartoli, C and Machado-Baeta, A and Pellissier, JF. (1998) Local expression of cytokines in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 24, pp. 73-79.
23. Lundberg, I and Kratz, AK and Alexanderson, H and Patarroyo, M. (2000) Decreased expression of interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-1beta, and cell adhesion molecules in muscle tissue following corticosteroid treatment in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum, 43, pp. 336-348.
24. Dinarello, CA. (1996) Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease Blood, 87, pp. 2095-2147.
25. Mantovani, A and Bussolino, F and Dejana, E. (1992) Cytokine regulation of endothelial cell function FASEB J, 6, pp. 2591-2599.
26. Wicks, IP and Leizer, T and Wawryk, SO and Novotny, JR and Hamilton, J and Vitti, G and Boyd, AW. (1992) The effect of cytokines on the expression of MHC antigens and ICAM-1 by normal and transformed synoviocytes Autoimmunity, 12, pp. 13-19.
27. Ogawa, S and Shreeniwas, R and Brett, J and Clauss, M and Furie, M and Stern, DM. (1990) The effect of hypoxia on capillary endothelial cell function: Modulation of barrier and coagulant function Br J Haematol, 75, pp. 517-524.
28. Shreeniwas, R and Koga, S and Karakurum, M and Pinsky, D and Kaiser, E and Brett, J and Wolitzky, BA and Norton, C and Plocinski, J and Benjamin, W and (1992) Hypoxia-mediated induction of endothelial cell interleukin-1 alpha. An autocrine mechanism promoting expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules on the vessel surface J Clin Invest, 90, pp. 2333-2339.
29. Authier, FJ and Mhiri, C and Chazaud, B and Christov, C and Cherin, P and Barlovatz-Meimon, G and Gherardi, RK. (1997) Interleukin-1 expression in inflammatory myopathies: Evidence of marked immunoreactivity in sarcoid granulomas and muscle fibres showing ischaemic and regenerative changes Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 23, pp. 132-140.
30. Ghezzi, P and Dinarello, CA and Bianchi, M and Rosandich, ME and Repine, JE and White, CW. (1991) Hypoxia increases production of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor by human mononuclear cells Cytokine, 3, pp. 189-194.
31. Gabay, C and Gay-Croisier, F and Roux-Lombard, P and Meyer, O and Maineti, C and Guerne, PA and Vischer, T and Dayer, JM. (1994) Elevated serum levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in polymyositis/ dermatomyositis. A biologic marker of disease activity with a possible role in the lack of acute-phase protein response Arthritis Rheum, 37, pp. 1744-1751.
32. Arend, WP. (1993) Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Adv Immunol, 54, pp. 167-227.
33. Banda, NK and Guthridge, C and Sheppard, D and Cairns, KS and Muggli, M and Bech-Otschir, D and Dubiel, W and Arend, WP. (2005) Intracellular IL-1 receptor antagonist type 1 inhibits IL-1-induced cytokine production in keratinocytes through binding to the third component of the COP9 signalosome J Immunol, 174, pp. 3608-3616.
34. Ma, Y and Thornton, S and Boivin, GP and Hirsh, D and Hirsch, R and Hirsch, E. (1998) Altered susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis in transgenic mice with aberrant expression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Arthritis Rheum, 41, pp. 1798-1805.
35. Prieur, AM and Dayer, A and Roux-Lombard, P and Dayer, JM. (1997) Levels of cytokine inhibitors: A possible marker of disease activity in childhood dermatomyositis and polymyositis Clin Exp Rheumatol, 15, pp. 211-214.
36. Rider, LG and Artlett, CM and Foster, CB and Ahmed, A and Neeman, T and Chanock, SJ and Jimenez, SA and Miller, FW. (2000) Polymorphisms in the IL-1 receptor antagonist gene VNTR are possible risk factors for juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies Clin Exp Immunol, 121, pp. 47-52.
37. Greenfeder, SA and Nunes, P and Kwee, L and Labow, M and Chizzonite, RA and Ju, G. (1995) Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex J Biol Chem, 270, pp. 13757-13765.
38. Zhang, Y and Pilon, G and Marette, A and Baracos, VE. (2000) Cytokines and endotoxin induce cytokine receptors in skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 279, pp. E196-E205.
39. Grundtman, C and Salomonsson, S and Dorph, C and Bruton, J and Andersson, U and Lundberg, IE. (2005) Marked expression of IL-1 receptors in cell nuclei and muscle fiber membrane in muscle tissue of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies Arthritis Res Ther, 7(Suppl 1), pp. S33. Abstract P85, European Workshop for Rheumatology Research. Glasgow, UK, 24-27 February
40. Ghayur, T and Banerjee, S and Hugunin, M and Butler, D and Herzog, L and Carter, A and Quintal, L and Sekut, L and Talanian, R and Paskind, M and (1997) Caspase-1 processes IFN-gamma-inducing factor and regulates LPS-induced IFN-gamma production Nature, 386, pp. 619-623.
41. Stoll, S and Muller, G and Kurimoto, M and Saloga, J and Tanimoto, T and Yamauchi, H and Okamura, H and Knop, J and Enk, AH. (1997) Production of IL-18 (IFN-gamma-inducing factor) messenger RNA and functional protein by murine keratinocytes J Immunol, 159, pp. 298-302.
42. Stoll, S and Jonuleit, H and Schmitt, E and Muller, G and Yamauchi, H and Kurimoto, M and Knop, J and Enk, AH. (1998) Production of functional IL-18 by different subtypes of murine and human dendritic cells (DC): DC-derived IL-18 enhances IL-12-dependent Th1 development Eur J Immunol, 28, pp. 3231-3239.
43. Okamura, H and Tsutsi, H and Komatsu, T and Yutsudo, M and Hakura, A and Tanimoto, T and Torigoe, K and Okura, T and Nukada, Y and Hattori, K and (1995) Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells Nature, 378, pp. 88-91.
44. Dinarello, CA. (1999) Interleukin-18 Methods, 19, pp. 121-132.
45. Morel, JC and Park, CC and Zhu, K and Kumar, P and Ruth, JH and Koch, AE. (2002) Signal transduction pathways involved in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast interleukin-18-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression J Biol Chem, 277, pp. 34679-34691.
46. Dai, SM and Matsuno, H and Nakamura, H and Nishioka, K and Yudoh, K. (2004) Interleukin-18 enhances monocyte tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1beta production induced by direct contact with T lymphocytes: Implications in rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum, 50, pp. 432-443.
47. Gracie, JA and Forsey, RJ and Chan, WL and Gilmour, A and Leung, BP and Greer, MR and Kennedy, K and Carter, R and Wei, XQ and Xu, D and (1999) A proinflammatory role for IL-18 in rheumatoid arthritis J Clin Invest, 104, pp. 1393-1401.
48. Yamamura, M and Kawashima, M and Taniai, M and Yamauchi, H and Tanimoto, T and Kurimoto, M and Morita, Y and Ohmoto, Y and Makino, H. (2001) Interferon-gamma-inducing activity of interleukin-18 in the joint with rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum, 44, pp. 275-285.
49. Joosten, LA and Radstake, TR and Lubberts, E and van den Bersselaar, LA and van Riel, PL and van Lent, PL and Barrera, P and van den Berg, WB. (2003) Association of interleukin-18 expression with enhanced levels of both interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha in knee synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum, 48, pp. 339-347.
50. Rooney, T and Murphy, E and Benito, M and Roux-Lombard, P and FitzGerald, O and Dayer, JM and Bresnihan, B. (2004) Synovial tissue interleukin-18 expression and the response to treatment in patients with inflammatory arthritis Ann Rheum Dis, 63, pp. 1393-1398.
51. Lundberg, IE and Barbasso, S and Ulfgren, A and Gracie, JA and McInnes, IB. (2005) Expression of IL-18 in muscle tissue of patients with treatment resistant idiopathic inflammatory myopathies Arthritis Res Ther, 7(Suppl 1), pp. S23. Abstract P57, European Workshop for Rheumatology Research. Glasgow, UK, 24-27 February
52. Gracie, JA and Robertson, SE and McInnes, IB. (2003) Interleukin-18 J Leukoc Biol, 73, pp. 213-224.
53. Novick, D and Kim, SH and Fantuzzi, G and Reznikov, LL and Dinarello, CA and Rubinstein, M. (1999) Interleukin-18 binding protein: A novel modulator of the Th1 cytokine response Immunity, 10, pp. 127-136.
54. Corbaz, A and ten Hove, T and Herren, S and Graber, P and Schwartsburd, B and Belzer, I and Harrison, J and Plitz, T and Kosco-Vilbois, MH and Kim, SH and (2002) IL-18-binding protein expression by endothelial cells and macrophages is up-regulated during active Crohn's disease J Immunol, 168, pp. 3608-3616.
55. Goetz, FW and Planas, JV and MacKenzie, S. (2004) Tumor necrosis factors Dev Comp Immunol, 28, pp. 487-497.
56. Michaelis, D and Goebels, N and Hohlfeld, R. (1993) Constitutive and cytokine-induced expression of human leukocyte antigens and cell adhesion molecules by human myotubes Am J Pathol, 143, pp. 1142-1149.
57. Tateyama, M and Nagano, I and Yoshioka, M and Chida, K and Nakamura, S and Itoyama, Y. (1997) Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in muscles of polymyositis J Neurol Sci, 146, pp. 45-51.
58. De Bleecker, JL and Meire, VI and Declercq, W and Van Aken, EH. (1999) Immunolocalization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors in inflammatory myopathies Neuromuscul Disord, 9, pp. 239-246.
59. Kuru, S and Inukai, A and Kato, T and Liang, Y and Kimura, S and Sobue, G. (2003) Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in regenerating muscle fibers in inflammatory and non-inflammatory myopathies Acta Neuropathol (Berl), 105, pp. 217-224.
60. Seko, Y and Matsuda, H and Kato, K and Hashimoto, Y and Yagita, H and Okumura, K and Yazaki, Y. (1993) Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in murine hearts with acute myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3 J Clin Invest, 91, pp. 1327-1336.
61. Scheurich, P and Thoma, B and Ucer, U and Pfizenmaier, K. (1987) Immunoregulatory activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha: Induction of TNF receptors on human T cells and TNF-alpha-mediated enhancement of T cell responses J Immunol, 138, pp. 1786-1790.
62. Tracey, KJ and Lowry, SF and Beutler, B and Cerami, A and Albert, JD and Shires, GT. (1986) Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor mediates changes of skeletal muscle plasma membrane potential J Exp Med, 164, pp. 1368-1373.
63. Miller, SC and Ito, H and Blau, HM and Torti, FM. (1988) Tumor necrosis factor inhibits human myogenesis in vitro Mol Cell Biol, 8, pp. 2295-2301.
64. Lee, MD and Zentella, A and Vine, W and Pekala, PH and Cerami, A. (1987) Effect of endotoxin-induced monokines on glucose metabolism in the muscle cell line L6 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 84, pp. 2590-2594.
65. Flores, EA and Bistrian, BR and Pomposelli, JJ and Dinarello, CA and Blackburn, GL and Istfan, NW. (1989) Infusion of tumor necrosis factor/ cachectin promotes muscle catabolism in the rat. A synergistic effect with interleukin 1 J Clin Invest, 83, pp. 1614-1622.
66. Goodman, MN. (1991) Tumor necrosis factor induces skeletal muscle protein breakdown in rats Am J Physiol, 260(5 Pt 1), pp. E727-E730.
67. Garcia-Martinez, C and Agell, N and Llovera, M and Lopez-Soriano, FJ and Argiles, JM. (1993) Tumour necrosis factor-alpha increases the ubiquitinization of rat skeletal muscle proteins FEBS Lett, 323, pp. 211-214.
68. Reid, MB and Lannergren, J and Westerblad, H. (2002) Respiratory and limb muscle weakness induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha: Involvement of muscle myofilaments Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 166, pp. 479-484.
69. Heller, RA and Kronke, M. (1994) Tumor necrosis factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways J Cell Biol, 126, pp. 5-9.
70. Slowik, MR and De Luca, LG and Fiers, W and Pober, JS. (1993) Tumor necrosis factor activates human endothelial cells through the p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor but the p75 receptor contributes to activation at low tumor necrosis factor concentration Am J Pathol, 143, pp. 1724-1730.
71. Mackay, F and Loetscher, H and Stueber, D and Gehr, G and Lesslauer, W. (1993) Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced cell adhesion to human endothelial cells is under dominant control of one TNF receptor type, TNF-R55 J Exp Med, 177, pp. 1277-1286.
72. Barbara, JA and Smith, WB and Gamble, JR and Van Ostade, X and Vandenabeele, P and Tavernier, J and Fiers, W and Vadas, MA and Lopez, AF. (1994) Dissociation of TNF-alpha cytotoxic and proinflammatory activities by p55 receptor- and p75 receptor-selective TNF-alpha mutants EMBO J, 13, pp. 843-850.
73. Tartaglia, LA and Pennica, D and Goeddel, DV. (1993) Ligand passing: The 75 kDa tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor recruits TNF for signaling by the 55 kDa TNF receptor J Biol Chem, 268, pp. 18542-18548.
74. Tartaglia, LA and Goeddel, DV and Reynolds, C and Figari, IS and Weber, RF and Fendly, BM and Palladino, MA, Jr. (1993) Stimulation of human T-cell proliferation by specific activation of the 75 kDa tumor necrosis factor receptor J Immunol, 151, pp. 4637-4641.
75. Hofmann, C and Lorenz, K and Braithwaite, SS and Colca, JR and Palazuk, BJ and Hotamisligil, GS and Spiegelman, BM. (1994) Altered gene expression for tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors during drug and dietary modulation of insulin resistance Endocrinology, 134, pp. 264-270.
76. Shimizu, T and Tomita, Y and Son, K and Nishinarita, S and Sawada, S and Horie, T. (2000) Elevation of serum soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis Clin Rheumatol, 19, pp. 352-359.
77. Hassan, AB and Nikitina-Zake, L and Sanjeevi, CB and Lundberg, IE and Padyukov, L. (2004) Association of the proinflammatory haplotype (MICA5.1/TNF2/TNFa2/DRB1*03) with polymyositis and dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum, 50, pp. 1013-1015. with polymyositis and dermatomyositis
78. Pachman, LM and Liotta-Davis, MR and Hong, DK and Kinsella, TR and Mendez, EP and Kinder, JM and Chen, EH. (2000) TNFalpha-308A allele in juvenile dermatomyositis: Association with increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, disease duration, and pathologic calcifications Arthritis Rheum, 43, pp. 2368-2377.
79. Nelson, DL and Rubin, LA and Kurman, CC and Fritz, ME and Boutin, B. (1986) An analysis of the cellular requirements for the production of soluble interleukin-2 receptors in vitro J Clin Immunol, 6, pp. 114-120.
80. Rubin, LA and Jay, G and Nelson, DL. (1986) The released interleukin 2 receptor binds interleukin 2 efficiently J Immunol, 137, pp. 3841-3844.
81. Jacques, Y and Le Mauff, B and Boeffard, F and Godard, A and Soulillou, JP. (1987) A soluble interleukin 2 receptor produced by a normal alloreactive human T cell clone binds interleukin 2 with low affinity J Immunol, 139, pp. 2308-2316.
82. Isenberg, DA and Rowe, D and Shearer, M and Novick, D and Beverley, PC. (1986) Localization of interferons and interleukin 2 in polymyositis and muscular dystrophy Clin Exp Immunol, 63, pp. 450-458.
83. McInnes, IB and Gracie, JA. (2004) Interleukin-15: A new cytokine target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases Curr Opin Pharmacol, 4, pp. 392-397.
84. Azimi, N and Jacobson, S and Leist, T and Waldmann, TA. (1999) Involvement of IL-15 in the pathogenesis of human T lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: Implications for therapy with a monoclonal antibody directed to the IL-2/15R beta receptor J Immunol, 163, pp. 4064-4072.
85. McInnes, IB and Leung, BP and Sturrock, RD and Field, M and Liew, FY. (1997) Interleukin-15 mediates T cell-dependent regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in rheumatoid arthritis Nat Med, 3, pp. 189-195.
86. Sugiura, T and Harigai, M and Kawaguchi, Y and Takagi, K and Fukasawa, C and Ohsako-Higami, S and Ohta, S and Tanaka, M and Hara, M and Kamatani, N. (2002) Increased IL-15 production of muscle cells in polymyositis and dermatomyositis Int Immunol, 14, pp. 917-924.
87. Quinn, LS and Anderson, BG and Drivdahl, RH and Alvarez, B and Argiles, JM. (2002) Overexpression of interleukin-15 induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy in vitro: Implications for treatment of muscle wasting disorders Exp Cell Res, 280, pp. 55-63.
88. Angiolillo, AL and Kanegane, H and Sgadari, C and Reaman, GH and Tosato, G. (1997) Interleukin-15 promotes angiogenesis in vivo Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 233, pp. 231-237.
89. Harcourt, LJ and Holmes, AG and Gregorevic, P and Schertzer, JD and Stupka, N and Plant, DR and Lynch, GS. (2005) Interleukin-15 administration improves diaphragm muscle pathology and function in dystrophic mdx mice Am J Pathol, 166, pp. 1131-1141.
90. Sugiura, T and Kawaguchi, Y and Harigai, M and Takagi, K and Ohta, S and Fukasawa, C and Hara, M and Kamatani, N. (2000) Increased CD40 expression on muscle cells of polymyositis and dermatomyositis: Role of CD40-CD40 ligand interaction in IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production J Immunol, 164, pp. 6593-6600.
91. Suzuki, J and Morimoto, S and Amano, H and Tokano, Y and Takasaki, Y and Hashimoto, H. (2001) Serum levels of interleukin 15 in patients with rheumatic diseases J Rheumatol, 28, pp. 2389-2391.
92. Sakai, T and Kusugami, K and Nishimura, H and Ando, T and Yamaguchi, T and Ohsuga, M and Ina, K and Enomoto, A and Kimura, Y and Yoshikai, Y. (1998) Interleukin 15 activity in the rectal mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease Gastroenterology, 114, pp. 1237-1243.
93. McInnes, IB and al-Mughales, J and Field, M and Leung, BP and Huang, FP and Dixon, R and Sturrock, RD and Wilkinson, PC and Liew, FY. (1996) The role of interleukin-15 in T-cell migration and activation in rheumatoid arthritis Nat Med, 2, pp. 175-182.
94. Gonzalez-Alvaro, I and Ortiz, AM and Garcia-Vicuna, R and Balsa, A and Pascual-Salcedo, D and Laffon, A. (2003) Increased serum levels of interleukin-15 in rheumatoid arthritis with long-term disease Clin Exp Rheumatol, 21, pp. 639-642.
95. Giri, JG and Ahdieh, M and Eisenman, J and Shanebeck, K and Grabstein, K and Kumaki, S and Namen, A and Park, LS and Cosman, D and Anderson, D. (1994) Utilization of the beta and gamma chains of the IL-2 receptor by the novel cytokine IL-15 EMBO J, 13, pp. 2822-2830.
96. Tagaya, Y and Bamford, RN and DeFilippis, AP and Waldmann, TA. (1996) IL-15: A pleiotropic cytokine with diverse receptor/signaling pathways whose expression is controlled at multiple levels Immunity, 4, pp. 329-336.
97. Anderson, DM and Kumaki, S and Ahdieh, M and Bertles, J and Tometsko, M and Loomis, A and Giri, J and Copeland, NG and Gilbert, DJ and Jenkins, NA and (1995) Functional characterization of the human interleukin-15 receptor alpha chain and close linkage of IL15RA and IL2RA genes J Biol Chem, 270, pp. 29862-29869.
98. Riechman, SE and Balasekaran, G and Roth, SM and Ferrell, RE. (2004) Association of interleukin-15 protein and interleukin-15 receptor genetic variation with resistance exercise training responses J Appl Physiol, 97, pp. 2214-2219.
99. Lotze, MT and Tracey, KJ. (2005) High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): Nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal Nat Rev Immunol, 5, pp. 331-342.
100. Wang, H and Bloom, O and Zhang, M and Vishnubhakat, JM and Ombrellino, M and Che, J and Frazier, A and Yang, H and Ivanova, S and Borovikova, L and (1999) HMG-1 as a late mediator of endotoxin lethality in mice Science, 285, pp. 248-251.
101. Wang, H and Vishnubhakat, JM and Bloom, O and Zhang, M and Ombrellino, M and Sama, A and Tracey, KJ. (1999) Proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1) stimulate release of high mobility group protein-1 by pituicytes Surgery, 126, pp. 389-392.
102. Bustin, M. (2002) At the crossroads of necrosis and apoptosis: Signaling to multiple cellular targets by HMGB1 Sci STKE, 2002, pp. PE39.
103. Andersson, U and Wang, H and Palmblad, K and Aveberger, AC and Bloom, O and Erlandsson-Harris, H and Janson, A and Kokkola, R and Zhang, M and Yang, H and (2000) High mobility group 1 protein (HMG-1) stimulates proinflammatory cytokine synthesis in human monocytes J Exp Med, 192, pp. 565-570.
104. Ulfgren, AK and Grundtman, C and Borg, K and Alexanderson, H and Andersson, U and Harris, HE and Lundberg, IE. (2004) Down-regulation of the aberrant expression of the inflammation mediator high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 in muscle tissue of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis treated with corticosteroids Arthritis Rheum, 50, pp. 1586-1594.
105. Kokkola, R and Sundberg, E and Ulfgren, AK and Palmblad, K and Li, J and Wang, H and Ulloa, L and Yang, H and Yan, XJ and Furie, R and (2002) High mobility group box chromosomal protein 1: A novel proinflammatory mediator in synovitis Arthritis Rheum, 46(10), pp. 2598-2603.
106. Jung, F and Neuer, G and Bautz, FA. (1997) Antibodies against a peptide sequence located in the linker region of the HMG-1/2 box domains in sera from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum, 40, pp. 1803-1809.
107. Bustin, M and Reisch, J and Einck, L and Klippel, JH. (1982) Autoantibodies to nucleosomal proteins: Antibodies to HMG-17 in autoimmune diseases Science, 215, pp. 1245-1247.
108. Ayer, LM and Rubin, RL and Dixon, GH and Fritzler, MJ. (1994) Antibodies to HMG proteins in patients with drug-induced autoimmunity Arthritis Rheum, 37, pp. 98-103.
109. Ayer, LM and Senecal, JL and Martin, L and Dixon, GH and Fritzler, MJ. (1994) Antibodies to high mobility group proteins in systemic sclerosis J Rheumatol, 21, pp. 2071-2075.
110. Hori, O and Brett, J and Slattery, T and Cao, R and Zhang, J and Chen, JX and Nagashima, M and Lundh, ER and Vijay, S and Nitecki, D and (1995) The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a cellular binding site for amphoterin. Mediation of neurite outgrowth and co-expression of rage and amphoterin in the developing nervous system J Biol Chem, 270, pp. 25752-25761.
111. Su, DM and Wang, J and Lin, Q and Cooper, MD and Watanabe, T. (1997) Interferons alpha/beta inhibit IL-7-induced proliferation of CD4 - CD8 - CD3 - CD44+ CD25+ thymocytes, but do not inhibit that of CD4 - CD8 - CD3 - CD44 - CD25 - thymocytes Immunology, 90, pp. 543-549.
112. Uzel, G and Pachman, LM. (2003) Cytokines in juvenile dermatomyositis pathophysiology: Potential and challenge Curr Opin Rheumatol, 15, pp. 691-697.
113. Greenberg, SA and Pinkus, JL and Pinkus, GS and Burleson, T and Sanoudou, D and Tawil, R and Barohn, RJ and Saperstein, DS and Briemberg, HR and Ericsson, M and (2005) Interferon-alpha/beta-mediated innate immune mechanisms in dermatomyositis Ann Neurol, 57, pp. 664-678.
114. Novick, D and Cohen, B and Rubinstein, M. (1992) Soluble interferon-alpha receptor molecules are present in body fluids FEBS Lett, 314, pp. 445-448.
115. Chomarat, P and Rissoan, MC and Banchereau, J and Miossec, P. (1993) Interferon gamma inhibits interleukin 10 production by monocytes J Exp Med, 177, pp. 523-527.
116. Varga, J and Olsen, A and Herhal, J and Constantine, G and Rosenbloom, J and Jimenez, SA. (1990) Interferon-gamma reverses the stimulation of collagen but not fibronectin gene expression by transforming growth factor-beta in normal human fibroblasts Eur J Clin Invest, 20, pp. 487-493.
117. Raju, R and Vasconcelos, O and Granger, R and Dalakas, MC. (2003) Expression of IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines in inclusion body myositis J Neuroimmunol, 141, pp. 125-131.
118. Kalovidouris, AE. (1992) The role of cytokines in polymyositis: Interferon-gamma induces class II and enhances class I major histocompatibility complex antigen expression on cultured human muscle cells J Lab Clin Med, 120, pp. 244-251.
119. Bao, SS and King, NJ and dos Remedios, CG. (1990) Elevated MHC class I and II antigens in cultured human embryonic myoblasts following stimulation with gamma-interferon Immunol Cell Biol, 68(Pt 4), pp. 235-241.
120. Finbloom, DS and Wahl, LM and Winestock, KD. (1991) The receptor for interferon-gamma on human peripheral blood monocytes consists of multiple distinct subunits J Biol Chem, 266, pp. 22545-22548.
121. Choi, P and Reiser, H. (1998) IL-4: Role in disease and regulation of production Clin Exp Immunol, 113, pp. 317-319.
122. Doucet, C and Brouty-Boye, D and Pottin-Clemenceau, C and Canonica, GW and Jasmin, C and Azzarone, B. (1998) Interleukin (IL)4 and IL-13 act on human lung fibroblasts. Implication in asthma J Clin Invest, 101, pp. 2129-2139.
123. Kotsimbos, TC and Ghaffar, O and Minshall, EM and Humbert, M and Durham, SR and Pfister, R and Menz, G and Kay, AB and Hamid, QA. (1998) Expression of the IL-4 receptor alpha-subunit is increased in bronchial biopsy specimens from atopic and nonatopic asthmatic subjects J Allergy Clin Immunol, 102, pp. 859-866.
124. Moseley, TA and Haudenschild, DR and Rose, L and Reddi, AH. (2003) Interleukin-17 family and IL-17 receptors Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 14, pp. 155-174.
125. Chabaud, M and Durand, JM and Buchs, N and Fossiez, F and Page, G and Frappart, L and Miossec, P. (1999) Human interleukin-17: A T cell-derived proinflammatory cytokine produced by the rheumatoid synovium Arthritis Rheum, 42, pp. 963-970.
126. Chevrel, G and Page, G and Granet, C and Streichenberger, N and Varennes, A and Miossec, P. (2003) Interleukin-17 increases the effects of IL-1 beta on muscle cells: Arguments for the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of myositis J Neuroimmunol, 137, pp. 125-133.
127. Jovanovic, DV and Di Battista, JA and Martel-Pelletier, J and Jolicoeur, FC and He, Y and Zhang, M and Mineau, F and Pelletier, JP. (1998) IL-17 stimulates the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-beta and TNF-alpha, by human macrophages J Immunol, 160, pp. 3513-3521.
128. Chabaud, M and Fossiez, F and Taupin, JL and Miossec, P. (1998) Enhancing effect of IL-17 on IL-1-induced IL-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor production by rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes and its regulation by Th2 cytokines J Immunol, 161, pp. 409-414.
129. Yao, Z and Spriggs, MK and Derry, JM and Strockbine, L and Park, LS and VandenBos, T and Zappone, JD and Painter, SL and Armitage, RJ. (1997) Molecular characterization of the human interleukin (IL)-17 receptor Cytokine, 9, pp. 794-800.
130. Sehgal, PB and Wang, L and Rayanade, R and Pan, H and Margulies, L. (1995) Interleukin-6-type cytokines Ann N Y Acad Sci, 762, pp. 1-14.
131. Hirano, T. (1992) The biology of interleukin-6 Chem Immunol, 51, pp. 153-180.
132. May, LT and Ghrayeb, J and Santhanam, U and Tatter, SB and Sthoeger, Z and Helfgott, DC and Chiorazzi, N and Grieninger, G and Sehgal, PB. (1988) Synthesis and secretion of multiple forms of beta 2-interferon/ B-cell differentiation factor 2/hepatocyte-stimulating factor by human fibroblasts and monocytes J Biol Chem, 263, pp. 7760-7766.
133. Helfgott, DC and May, LT and Sthoeger, Z and Tamm, I and Sehgal, PB. (1987) Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) enhances expression and secretion of beta 2 interferon by human fibroblasts J Exp Med, 166, pp. 1300-1309.
134. Gibbons, R and Martinez, O and Matli, M and Heinzel, F and Bernstein, M and Warren, R. (1990) Recombinant IL-4 inhibits IL-6 synthesis by adherent peripheral blood cells in vitro Lymphokine Res, 9, pp. 283-293.
135. Kikutani, H and Taga, T and Akira, S and Kishi, H and Miki, Y and Saiki, O and Yamamura, Y and Kishimoto, T. (1985) Effect of B cell differentiation factor (BCDF) on biosynthesis and secretion of immunoglobulin molecules in human B cell lines J Immunol, 134, pp. 990-995.
136. Vercelli, D and Jabara, HH and Arai, K and Yokota, T and Geha, RS. (1989) Endogenous interleukin 6 plays an obligatory role in interleukin 4-dependent human IgE synthesis Eur J Immunol, 19, pp. 1419-1424.
137. Ostrowski, K and Rohde, T and Zacho, M and Asp, S and Pedersen, BK. (1998) Evidence that interleukin-6 is produced in human skeletal muscle during prolonged running J Physiol, 508(Pt 3), pp. 949-953.
138. Penkowa, M and Keller, C and Keller, P and Jauffred, S and Pedersen, BK. (2003) Immunohistochemical detection of interleukin-6 in human skeletal muscle fibers following exercise FASEB J, 17, pp. 2166-2168.
139. Steensberg, A and Fischer, CP and Keller, C and Moller, K and Pedersen, BK. (2003) IL-6 enhances plasma IL-1ra, IL-10, and cortisol in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 285, pp. E433-E437.
140. Steensberg, A and Toft, AD and Bruunsgaard, H and Sandmand, M and Halkjaer-Kristensen, J and Pedersen, BK. (2001) Strenuous exercise decreases the percentage of type 1 T cells in the circulation J Appl Physiol, 91, pp. 1708-1712.
141. Honda, M and Yamamoto, S and Cheng, M and Yasukawa, K and Suzuki, H and Saito, T and Osugi, Y and Tokunaga, T and Kishimoto, T. (1992) Human soluble IL-6 receptor: Its detection and enhanced release by HIV infection J Immunol, 148, pp. 2175-2180.
142. Muller-Newen, G and Kohne, C and Keul, R and Hemmann, U and Muller-Esterl, W and Wijdenes, J and Brakenhoff, JP and Hart, MH and Heinrich, PC. (1996) Purification and characterization of the soluble interleukin-6 receptor from human plasma and identification of an isoform generated through alternative splicing Eur J Biochem, 236, pp. 837-842.
143. Keul, R and Heinrich, PC and Muller-newen, G and Muller, K and Woo, P.
144. Salvi, M and Girasole, G and Pedrazzoni, M and Passeri, M and Giuliani, N and Minelli, R and Braverman, LE and Roti, E. (1996) Increased serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-6 receptor in patients with Graves' disease J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 81, pp. 2976-2979.
145. Hirano, T and Nakajima, K and Hibi, M. (1997) Signaling mechanisms through gp130: A model of the cytokine system Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 8, pp. 241-252.
146. Chen, W and Frank, ME and Jin, W and Wahl, SM. (2001) TGF-beta released by apoptotic T cells contributes to an immunosuppressive milieu Immunity, 14, pp. 715-725.
147. Espevik, T and Waage, A and Faxvaag, A and Shalaby, MR. (1990) Regulation of interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 production from T-cells: Involvement of interleukin-1 beta and transforming growth factor-beta Cell Immunol, 126, pp. 47-56.
148. Muzio, M and Sironi, M and Polentarutti, N and Mantovani, A and Colotta, F. (1994) Induction by transforming growth factor-beta 1 of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and of its intracellular form in human polymorphonuclear cells Eur J Immunol, 24, pp. 3194-3198.
149. Rich, S and Seelig, M and Lee, HM and Lin, J. (1995) Transforming growth factor beta 1 costimulated growth and regulatory function of staphylococcal enterotoxin B-responsive CD8+T cells J Immunol, 155, pp. 609-618.
150. Confalonieri, P and Bernasconi, P and Cornelio, F and Mantegazza, R. (1997) Transforming growth factor-beta 1 in polymyositis and dermatomyositis correlates with fibrosis but not with mononuclear cell infiltrate J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 56, pp. 479-484.
151. Shull, MM and Ormsby, I and Kier, AB and Pawlowski, S and Diebold, RJ and Yin, M and Allen, R and Sidman, C and Proetzel, G and Calvin, D and (1992) Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease Nature, 359, pp. 693-699.
152. Yaswen, L and Kulkarni, AB and Fredrickson, T and Mittleman, B and Schiffman, R and Payne, S and Longenecker, G and Mozes, E and Karlsson, S. (1996) Autoimmune manifestations in the transforming growth factor-beta 1 knockout mouse Blood, 87, pp. 1439-1445.
153. Roberts, AB and Sporn, MB. (1993) Physiological actions and clinical applications of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) Growth Factors, 8, pp. 1-9.
154. Efthimiou, P and Markenson, JA. (2005) Role of biological agents in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases South Med J, 98, pp. 192-204.
155. Hengstman, GJ and van den Hoogen, FH and Barrera, P and Netea, MG and Pieterse, A and van de Putte, LB and van Engelen, BG. (2003) Successful treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis with anti-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha: Preliminary observations Eur Neurol, 50, pp. 10-15.
156. Hengstman, GJ and van den Hoogen, FH and van Engelen, BG. (2004) Treatment of dermatomyositis and polymyositis with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha: Long-term follow-up Eur Neurol, 52, pp. 61-63.
157. Dastmalchi, M and Grundtman, C and Alexandersson, H and Einarsdottir, H and Nennesmo, I and Elvin, K and Lundberg, IE. (2004) Increased signs of inflammation after treatment with infliximab in patients with refractory inflammatory myopathies Arthritis Rheum, 50(Suppl), pp. S105-S106. Abstract 119, The American College of Rheumatology. San Antonio, Texas, USA, 16.21 October
158. Sprott, H and Glatzel, M and Michel, BA. (2004) Treatment of myositis with etanercept (Enbrel), a recombinant human soluble fusion protein of TNF-alpha type II receptor and IgG1 Rheumatology (Oxford), 43, pp. 524-526.
159. Musial, J and Undas, A and Celinska-Lowenhoff, M. (2003) Polymyositis associated with infliximab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatology (Oxford), 42, pp. 1566-1568.
160. Bresnihan, B and Alvaro-Gracia, JM and Cobby, M and Doherty, M and Domljan, Z and Emery, P and Nuki, G and Pavelka, K and Rau, R and Rozman, B and (1998) Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Arthritis Rheum, 41, pp. 2196-2204.
161. Braddock, M and Quinn, A. (2004) Targeting IL-1 in inflammatory disease: New opportunities for therapeutic intervention Nat Rev Drug Discov, 3, pp. 330-339.
162. Becher, B and Giacomini, PS and Pelletier, D and McCrea, E and Prat, A and Antel, JP. (1999) Interferon-gamma secretion by peripheral blood T-cell subsets in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with disease phase and interferon-beta therapy Ann Neurol, 45, pp. 247-250.
163. Bongioanni, P and Mosti, S and Moscato, G and Lombardo, F and Manildo, C and Meucci, G. (1999) Decreases in T-cell tumor necrosis factor alpha binding with interferon beta treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis Arch Neurol, 56, pp. 71-78.
164. Kälkner, KM and Rönnblom, L and Karlsson Parra, AK and Bengtsson, M and Olsson, Y and Öberg, K. (1998) Antibodies against double-stranded DNA and development of polymyositis during treatment with interferon QJM, 91, pp. 393-399.
165. Hengstman, GJ and Vogels, OJ and ter Laak, HJ and de Witte, T and van Engelen, BG. (2000) Myositis during long-term interferon-alpha treatment Neurology, 54, pp. 2186.
166. Dietrich, LL and Bridges, AJ and Albertini, MR. (2000) Dermatomyositis after interferon alpha treatment Med Oncol, 17, pp. 64-69.
167. Kokkola, R and Li, J and Sundberg, E and Aveberger, AC and Palmblad, K and Yang, H and Tracey, KJ and Andersson, U and Harris, HE. (2003) Successful treatment of collagen-induced arthritis in mice and rats by targeting extracellular high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 activity Arthritis Rheum, 48, pp. 2052-2058.