메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 77-86

Immunonutrition: Current status

Author keywords

Arginine; Burns; Critical care; Enteral nutrition; Glutamine; Head injury; Meta analysis; Pneumonia; Pre and post surgery feeding; Randomized trials; Review; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ARGININE; GLUTAMINE; GLYCINE; NUCLEOTIDE; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PROBIOTIC AGENT; TAURINE;

EID: 3042553664     PISSN: 14107767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0025970244 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial overgrowth and intestinal atrophy in the etiology of gut barrier failure in the rat
    • Barber AE, Jones WG 2nd, Minel JP, et al: Bacterial overgrowth and intestinal atrophy in the etiology of gut barrier failure in the rat. Am J Surg 1991; 161:300-304
    • (1991) Am. J. Surg. , vol.161 , pp. 300-304
    • Barber, A.E.1    Jones II, W.G.2    Minel, J.P.3
  • 2
    • 0026550392 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial translocation and multiple system organ failure in bowel ischemia and reperfusion
    • Zhi-Yong S, Dong YL, Wang XH, et al: Bacterial translocation and multiple system organ failure in bowel ischemia and reperfusion. J Trauma 1992; 32:148-153
    • (1992) J. Trauma , vol.32 , pp. 148-153
    • Zhi-Yong, S.1    Dong, Y.L.2    Wang, X.H.3
  • 3
    • 0031981621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiology of bacterial translocations in humans
    • O'Boyle CJ, MacFie J, Mitchell C J, et al: Microbiology of bacterial translocations in humans. Gut 1998; 42:29-35
    • (1998) Gut , vol.42 , pp. 29-35
    • O'Boyle, C.J.1    MacFie, J.2    Mitchell, C.J.3
  • 4
    • 0031845758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine in immunologic response
    • Wilmore DW, Shabert JK: Glutamine in immunologic response. Nutrition 1998; 14:618-626
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 618-626
    • Wilmore, D.W.1    Shabert, J.K.2
  • 5
    • 85047689181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune-enhancing enteral formulas: Are they beneficial in critically ill patient?
    • Barton RG: Immune-enhancing enteral formulas: are they beneficial in critically ill patient? Nutrition Clin Pract 1997; 12:51-62
    • (1997) Nutrition Clin. Pract. , vol.12 , pp. 51-62
    • Barton, R.G.1
  • 6
    • 0031869036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunonutrition: Role of arginine
    • Evoy D: Immunonutrition: role of arginine. Nutrition 1998; 14:611-617
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 611-617
    • Evoy, D.1
  • 7
    • 0025210125 scopus 로고
    • Arginine & immune function
    • Barbul A: Arginine & immune function Nutrition 1990:6:53-58
    • (1990) Nutrition , vol.6 , pp. 53-58
    • Barbul, A.1
  • 8
    • 0028158387 scopus 로고
    • Dietary nucleotides and gut mucosal defence
    • Grimble GK: Dietary nucleotides and gut mucosal defence. Gut 1994; 35:S46-51
    • (1994) Gut , vol.35
    • Grimble, G.K.1
  • 9
    • 0031817974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunonutrition the role of omega-3 fatty acids
    • Alexander JW: Immunonutrition the role of omega-3 fatty acids Nutrition 1998; 14:627-633
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 627-633
    • Alexander, J.W.1
  • 10
    • 0031868358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunonutrition: The role of taurine
    • Redmond HP, Stapleton PP, Neary P, et al: Immunonutrition: the role of taurine. Nutrition 1998; 14:599-604
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 599-604
    • Redmond, H.P.1    Stapleton, P.P.2    Neary, P.3
  • 11
    • 0031817605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunonutrition: Role of biosurfactants, fiber, and probiotic bacteria
    • Bengmark S: Immunonutrition: role of biosurfactants, fiber, and probiotic bacteria. Nutrition 1998; 14:585-594
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 585-594
    • Bengmark, S.1
  • 13
    • 0034842396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of glutamine supplementation in patients following elective surgery and accidental injury
    • Wilmore DW: The effect of glutamine supplementation in patients following elective surgery and accidental injury. J Nutr 2001; 131:2543S-2549S
    • (2001) J. Nutr. , vol.131
    • Wilmore, D.W.1
  • 14
    • 0036230862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current aspects of mucosal immunology and its influence by nutrition
    • Kudsk KA: Current aspects of mucosal immunology and its influence by nutrition. Am J Surg 2002; 183:390-398
    • (2002) Am. J. Surg. , vol.183 , pp. 390-398
    • Kudsk, K.A.1
  • 15
    • 0027102761 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and metabolic efficacy of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition after bone marrow transplantation. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study
    • Ziegler TR, Young LS, Benfell K, et al: Clinical and metabolic efficacy of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition after bone marrow transplantation. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116:821-828
    • (1992) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.116 , pp. 821-828
    • Ziegler, T.R.1    Young, L.S.2    Benfell, K.3
  • 16
    • 0032487082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of glutamine enriched enteral nutrition on infectious morbidity in patients with multiple trauma
    • Houdijk AP, Rijnsburger ER, Jansen J, et al: Randomised trial of glutamine enriched enteral nutrition on infectious morbidity in patients with multiple trauma. Lancet 1998; 352:772-776
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 772-776
    • Houdijk, A.P.1    Rijnsburger, E.R.2    Jansen, J.3
  • 17
    • 0030904577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six-Month Outcome of Critically Ill Patients given Glutamine-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition
    • Griffiths RD, Jones C, Palmer TEA: Six-Month Outcome of Critically Ill Patients given Glutamine-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition. Nutrition 1997; 13:295-302
    • (1997) Nutrition , vol.13 , pp. 295-302
    • Griffiths, R.D.1    Jones, C.2    Palmer, T.E.A.3
  • 18
    • 0036742213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: A systematic review of the evidence
    • Novak F, Heyland DK, Avenell A, et al: Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: a systematic review of the evidence. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:2022-2029
    • (2002) Crit. Care Med. , vol.30 , pp. 2022-2029
    • Novak, F.1    Heyland, D.K.2    Avenell, A.3
  • 19
    • 0035168102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine administration reduces Gram-negative bacteremia in severely burned patients: A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial versus isonitrogenous control
    • Wischmeyer PE, Lynch J, Liedel J, et al: Glutamine administration reduces Gram-negative bacteremia in severely burned patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial versus isonitrogenous control. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:2075-2080
    • (2001) Crit. Care Med. , vol.29 , pp. 2075-2080
    • Wischmeyer, P.E.1    Lynch, J.2    Liedel, J.3
  • 20
    • 0038159681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of supplemental enteral glutamine on plasma levels, gut function and outcome in severely burned patients: A prospective randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial
    • Zhou YP, Jiang ZM, Sun YH et al: The effect of supplemental enteral glutamine on plasma levels, gut function and outcome in severely burned patients: A prospective randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial JPEN 2003; 27:241-245
    • (2003) JPEN , vol.27 , pp. 241-245
    • Zhou, Y.P.1    Jiang, Z.M.2    Sun, Y.H.3
  • 21
    • 0242677718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of enteral glutamine in critical illness
    • Hall JC, Dobb G, Hall J, et al: A prospective randomized trial of enteral glutamine in critical illness. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:1710-1716
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med. , vol.29 , pp. 1710-1716
    • Hall, J.C.1    Dobb, G.2    Hall, J.3
  • 22
    • 0032976621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing cancer surgery: Results of a randomized double-blind phase 3 trial
    • Braga M, Gianotti L, Radaelli G, et al: Perioperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing cancer surgery: results of a randomized double-blind phase 3 trial. Arch Surg 1999; 134:428-433
    • (1999) Arch. Surg. , vol.134 , pp. 428-433
    • Braga, M.1    Gianotti, L.2    Radaelli, G.3
  • 23
    • 0026663812 scopus 로고
    • Enteral nutrition with supplemental arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients after operation: Immunologic, metabolic, and clinical outcome
    • Daly J, Lieberman MD, Goldfine J, et al: Enteral nutrition with supplemental arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients after operation: immunologic, metabolic, and clinical outcome. Surgery 1992; 112:56-67
    • (1992) Surgery , vol.112 , pp. 56-67
    • Daly, J.1    Lieberman, M.D.2    Goldfine, J.3
  • 24
    • 0030068925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune and nutritional effects of early enteral nutrition after major abdominal operations
    • Braga M, Vignali A, Gianotti L, et al: Immune and nutritional effects of early enteral nutrition after major abdominal operations. Eur J Surg 1996; 162:105-112
    • (1996) Eur. J. Surg. , vol.162 , pp. 105-112
    • Braga, M.1    Vignali, A.2    Gianotti, L.3
  • 25
    • 0028933174 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of postoperative immune response by enteral nutrition with a diet enriched with arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer
    • Senkal M, Kemen M, Homann HH, et al: Modulation of postoperative immune response by enteral nutrition with a diet enriched with arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer. Eur J Surg 1995; 161: 115-122
    • (1995) Eur. J. Surg. , vol.161 , pp. 115-122
    • Senkal, M.1    Kemen, M.2    Homann, H.H.3
  • 26
    • 0029958512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut function and immune and inflammatory responses in patients perioperatively fed with supplemented enteral formulas
    • Braga M, Gianotti L, Cestari A, et al: Gut function and immune and inflammatory responses in patients perioperatively fed with supplemented enteral formulas. Arch Surg 1996; 131:1257-1264
    • (1996) Arch. Surg. , vol.131 , pp. 1257-1264
    • Braga, M.1    Gianotti, L.2    Cestari, A.3
  • 27
    • 0028902010 scopus 로고
    • Enteral nutrition during multimodality therapy in upper gastrointestinal cancer patients
    • Daly JM, Weintraub FN, Shou J, et al: Enteral nutrition during multimodality therapy in upper gastrointestinal cancer patients. Ann Surg 1995; 221:327-338
    • (1995) Ann. Surg. , vol.221 , pp. 327-338
    • Daly, J.M.1    Weintraub, F.N.2    Shou, J.3
  • 28
    • 0030820308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early postoperative enteral immunonutrition: Clinical outcome and cost-comparison analysis in surgical patients
    • Senkal M, Mumme A, Eickhoff U, et al: Early postoperative enteral immunonutrition: clinical outcome and cost-comparison analysis in surgical patients. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1489-1496
    • (1997) Crit. Care Med. , vol.25 , pp. 1489-1496
    • Senkal, M.1    Mumme, A.2    Eickhoff, U.3
  • 29
    • 0030175066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcome and immunology of postoperative arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, and nucleotide-enriched enteral feeding: A randomized prospective comparison with standard enteral and low calorie/low fat IV solutions
    • Schilling J, Vranjes N, Fierz W, et al: Clinical outcome and immunology of postoperative arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, and nucleotide-enriched enteral feeding: a randomized prospective comparison with standard enteral and low calorie/low fat IV solutions. Nutrition 1996; 12:423-429
    • (1996) Nutrition , vol.12 , pp. 423-429
    • Schilling, J.1    Vranjes, N.2    Fierz, W.3
  • 30
    • 0031459661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized trial of early enteral feeding after resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancy
    • Heslin MJ, Latkany L, Leung D, et al: A prospective, randomized trial of early enteral feeding after resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancy. Ann Surg 1997; 226:567-577
    • (1997) Ann. Surg. , vol.226 , pp. 567-577
    • Heslin, M.J.1    Latkany, L.2    Leung, D.3
  • 31
    • 0032757219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome and cost-effectiveness of perioperative enteral immunonutrition in patients undergoing elective upper gastrointestinal tract surgery: A prospective randomized study
    • Senkal M, Zumtobel V, Bauer K, et al: Outcome and cost-effectiveness of perioperative enteral immunonutrition in patients undergoing elective upper gastrointestinal tract surgery: a prospective randomized study. Arch Surg 1999; 134:1309-1316
    • (1999) Arch. Surg. , vol.134 , pp. 1309-1316
    • Senkal, M.1    Zumtobel, V.2    Bauer, K.3
  • 32
    • 0033067917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced postoperative infections with an immune-enhancing nutritional supplement
    • Snyderman CH, Kachman K, Molseed L, et al: Reduced postoperative infections with an immune-enhancing nutritional supplement. Laryngoscope 1999; 109:915-921
    • (1999) Laryngoscope , vol.109 , pp. 915-921
    • Snyderman, C.H.1    Kachman, K.2    Molseed, L.3
  • 33
    • 0035449108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplement on patients at high risk of infection after cardiac surgery: A randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Tepaske R, Velthuis H, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, et al: Effect of preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplement on patients at high risk of infection after cardiac surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2001; 358: 696-701
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 696-701
    • Tepaske, R.1    Velthuis, H.2    Oudemans-van Straaten, H.M.3
  • 34
    • 0029844891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial management of burns
    • Monafo WW: Initial management of burns. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:1581-1586
    • (1996) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.335 , pp. 1581-1586
    • Monafo, W.W.1
  • 35
    • 0026090426 scopus 로고
    • Immediate enteral feeding in burn patients is safe and effective
    • McDonald WS, Sharp CW Jr, Deitch EA: Immediate enteral feeding in burn patients is safe and effective. Ann Surg. 1991; 213(2):177-183
    • (1991) Ann. Surg. , vol.213 , Issue.2 , pp. 177-183
    • McDonald, W.S.1    Sharp Jr., C.W.2    Deitch, E.A.3
  • 36
    • 0025280609 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of three enteral dietary regimens on selected outcome variables in burn patients
    • Gottschlich MM, Jenkins M, Warden GD, et al: Differential effects of three enteral dietary regimens on selected outcome variables in burn patients. JPEN 1990; 14:225-236
    • (1990) JPEN , vol.14 , pp. 225-236
    • Gottschlich, M.M.1    Jenkins, M.2    Warden, G.D.3
  • 37
    • 0030994232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition in burn patients
    • Saffle JR, Wiebke G, Jennings K, et al: Randomized trial of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition in burn patients. J Trauma 1997; 42:793-800
    • (1997) J. Trauma , vol.42 , pp. 793-800
    • Saffle, J.R.1    Wiebke, G.2    Jennings, K.3
  • 38
    • 0035123248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune-enhancing diets: Products, components, and their rationales
    • Schloerb PR: Immune-enhancing diets: products, components, and their rationales. JPEN. 2001; 25:S3-7
    • (2001) JPEN , vol.25
    • Schloerb, P.R.1
  • 39
    • 0032062550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and immune effects of dietary arginine, glutamine and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in immunocompromised patients
    • Chuntrasakul C, Siltharm S, Sarasombath S, et al: Metabolic and immune effects of dietary arginine, glutamine and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in immunocompromised patients. J Med Assoc Thai 1998; 81: 334-343
    • (1998) J. Med. Assoc. Thai. , vol.81 , pp. 334-343
    • Chuntrasakul, C.1    Siltharm, S.2    Sarasombath, S.3
  • 40
    • 0030293408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herman Award Lecture, 1996: Relation of metabolic studies to clinical nutrition - The example of burn injury
    • Wolfe RR: Herman Award Lecture, 1996: relation of metabolic studies to clinical nutrition - the example of burn injury. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996; 64:800-808
    • (1996) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.64 , pp. 800-808
    • Wolfe, R.R.1
  • 41
    • 0031977407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological nutrition after burn injury
    • De-Souza DA, Greene LJ: Pharmacological nutrition after burn injury. J Nutr. 1998; 128:797-803
    • (1998) J. Nutr. , vol.128 , pp. 797-803
    • De-Souza, D.A.1    Greene, L.J.2
  • 42
    • 0029126638 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition in the head-injured patient
    • Roberts PR: Nutrition in the head-injured patient. New Horiz. 1995; 3(3):506-517.
    • (1995) New Horiz. , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 506-517
    • Roberts, P.R.1
  • 43
    • 0032732732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, randomized, controlled trial to determine the effect of early enhanced enteral nutrition on clinical outcome in mechanically ventilated patients suffering head injury
    • Taylor SJ, Fettes SB, Jewkes C, et al: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial to determine the effect of early enhanced enteral nutrition on clinical outcome in mechanically ventilated patients suffering head injury. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:2525-2531
    • (1999) Crit. Care Med. , vol.27 , pp. 2525-2531
    • Taylor, S.J.1    Fettes, S.B.2    Jewkes, C.3
  • 44
    • 0028007577 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic rate in severe head trauma
    • Raurich JM, Ibanez J; Metabolic rate in severe head trauma. JPEN. 1994; 18(6):521-524
    • (1994) JPEN , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 521-524
    • Raurich, J.M.1    Ibanez, J.2
  • 45
    • 0029162524 scopus 로고
    • Gastric emptying following brain injury: Effects of choice sedation and intracranial pressure
    • McArthur CJ, Gin T, McLaren IM, et al: Gastric emptying following brain injury: effects of choice sedation and intracranial pressure. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21:573-576
    • (1995) Intensive Care Med. , vol.21 , pp. 573-576
    • McArthur, C.J.1    Gin, T.2    McLaren, I.M.3
  • 46
    • 0033860248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early versus delayed feeding with an immune-enhancing diet in patients with severe head injuries
    • Minard G, Kudsk KA, Melton S, et al: Early versus delayed feeding with an immune-enhancing diet in patients with severe head injuries. JPEN 2000; 24:145-149
    • (2000) JPEN , vol.24 , pp. 145-149
    • Minard, G.1    Kudsk, K.A.2    Melton, S.3
  • 47
    • 0025991819 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of helper T-cell function and lymphokine-activated killer cytotoxicity following severe head injury
    • Quattrocchi KB, Frank EH, Miller CH, et al: Impairment of helper T-cell function and lymphokine-activated killer cytotoxicity following severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1991; 75:766-773
    • (1991) J. Neurosurg. , vol.75 , pp. 766-773
    • Quattrocchi, K.B.1    Frank, E.H.2    Miller, C.H.3
  • 48
    • 0028116502 scopus 로고
    • Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction precludes safe gastric feeding after head injury
    • discussion 584-586
    • Saxe JM, Ledgerwood AM, Lucas CE, et al: Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction precludes safe gastric feeding after head injury. J Trauma 1994; 37: 581-584; discussion 584-586
    • (1994) J. Trauma , vol.37 , pp. 581-584
    • Saxe, J.M.1    Ledgerwood, A.M.2    Lucas, C.E.3
  • 49
    • 0035126169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of immune enhancing diet in head injury
    • Martindale RG, Cresci GA: The use of immune enhancing diet in head injury. JPEN 2001; 25:S27-8
    • (2001) JPEN , vol.25
    • Martindale, R.G.1    Cresci, G.A.2
  • 50
    • 0019391182 scopus 로고
    • A rationale for enteral feeding as the preferable route for hyperalimentation
    • McArdle AH, Palmason C, Morency I, et al: A rationale for enteral feeding as the preferable route for hyperalimentation. Surgery 1981; 90:616-623
    • (1981) Surgery , vol.90 , pp. 616-623
    • McArdle, A.H.1    Palmason, C.2    Morency, I.3
  • 51
    • 0025686076 scopus 로고
    • The route of feeding influences injury responses
    • Lowry SF: The route of feeding influences injury responses. J Trauma 1990; 30:S10-5
    • (1990) J. Trauma , vol.30
    • Lowry, S.F.1
  • 52
    • 0019826182 scopus 로고
    • Effect of enteral and parenteral feeding in malnourished rats with E. coli-hemoglobin adjuvant peritonitis
    • Kudsk KA, Carpenter G, Petersen S, et al: Effect of enteral and parenteral feeding in malnourished rats with E. coli-hemoglobin adjuvant peritonitis. J Surg Res 1981; 31:105-110
    • (1981) J. Surg. Res. , vol.31 , pp. 105-110
    • Kudsk, K.A.1    Carpenter, G.2    Petersen, S.3
  • 53
    • 0021176753 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of prevention of postburn hypermetabolism and catabolism by early enteral feeding
    • Mochizuki H, Trocki O, Dominioni L, et al: Mechanism of prevention of postburn hypermetabolism and catabolism by early enteral feeding. Ann Surg 1984; 200:297-310
    • (1984) Ann. Surg. , vol.200 , pp. 297-310
    • Mochizuki, H.1    Trocki, O.2    Dominioni, L.3
  • 54
    • 0028231976 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of specialized and standard enteral formulas in trauma patients
    • Brown RO, Hunt H, Mowatt-Larssen CA, et al: Comparison of specialized and standard enteral formulas in trauma patients. Pharmacotherapy 1994; 14:314-320
    • (1994) Pharmacotherapy , vol.14 , pp. 314-320
    • Brown, R.O.1    Hunt, H.2    Mowatt-Larssen, C.A.3
  • 55
    • 0030910266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an immune-enhancing diet in critically injured patients
    • Mendez C, Jurkovich GJ, Garcia I, et al: Effects of an immune-enhancing diet in critically injured patients. J Trauma 1997; 42:933-940
    • (1997) J. Trauma , vol.42 , pp. 933-940
    • Mendez, C.1    Jurkovich, G.J.2    Garcia, I.3
  • 56
    • 0035126108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome studies using immune-enhancing diets: Blunt and penetrating torso trauma patients
    • Jurkovich GJ: Outcome studies using immune-enhancing diets: blunt and penetrating torso trauma patients. JPEN. 2001; 25:S14-7
    • (2001) JPEN , vol.25
    • Jurkovich, G.J.1
  • 57
    • 0029815057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of isonitrogenous enteral diets after severe trauma. An immune-enhancing diet reduces septic complications
    • Kudsk KA, Minard G, Croce MA, et al: A randomized trial of isonitrogenous enteral diets after severe trauma. An immune-enhancing diet reduces septic complications. Ann Surg 1996; 224:531-540
    • (1996) Ann. Surg. , vol.224 , pp. 531-540
    • Kudsk, K.A.1    Minard, G.2    Croce, M.A.3
  • 58
    • 0028109903 scopus 로고
    • Clinical benefits of an immune-enhancing diet for early postinjury enteral feeding
    • Moore FA, Moore EE, Kudsk KA, et al: Clinical benefits of an immune-enhancing diet for early postinjury enteral feeding. J Trauma 1994; 37:607-615
    • (1994) J. Trauma , vol.37 , pp. 607-615
    • Moore, F.A.1    Moore, E.E.2    Kudsk, K.A.3
  • 59
    • 6844251622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotide-supplemented enteral support on systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure in patients after severe trauma
    • Weimann A, Bastian L, Bischoff WE, et al: Influence of arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotide-supplemented enteral support on systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure in patients after severe trauma. Nutrition 1998; 14:165-172
    • (1998) Nutrition , vol.14 , pp. 165-172
    • Weimann, A.1    Bastian, L.2    Bischoff, W.E.3
  • 60
    • 0034068769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An immune-enhancing enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients
    • Galban C, Montejo JC, Mesejo A, et al: An immune-enhancing enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:643-648
    • (2000) Crit. Care Med. , vol.28 , pp. 643-648
    • Galban, C.1    Montejo, J.C.2    Mesejo, A.3
  • 61
    • 0028935349 scopus 로고
    • Early enteral administration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine, nucleotides, and fish oil in intensive care unit patients: Results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized, clinical trial
    • Bower RH, Cerra FB, Bershadsky B, et al: Early enteral administration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine, nucleotides, and fish oil in intensive care unit patients: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized, clinical trial. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:436-449
    • (1995) Crit. Care Med. , vol.23 , pp. 436-449
    • Bower, R.H.1    Cerra, F.B.2    Bershadsky, B.3
  • 62
    • 0035122792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immuno-nutrition in a multidisciplinary ICU population: A review of the literature
    • Oltermann MH, Rassas TN: Immuno-nutrition in a multidisciplinary ICU population: a review of the literature. JPEN. 2001; 25:S30-34
    • (2001) JPEN , vol.25
    • Oltermann, M.H.1    Rassas, T.N.2
  • 63
    • 0031813383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial of enteral immuno-nutrition in the critically ill
    • Guy's Hospital Intensive Care Group
    • Atkinson S, Sieffert E, Bihari D: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial of enteral immuno-nutrition in the critically ill. Guy's Hospital Intensive Care Group. Crit Care Med. 1998; 26:1164-1172
    • (1998) Crit. Care Med. , vol.26 , pp. 1164-1172
    • Atkinson, S.1    Sieffert, E.2    Bihari, D.3
  • 64
    • 0031865164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune-enhancing enteral diets: Where's the beef?
    • Zaloga GP: Immune-enhancing enteral diets: where's the beef? Crit Care Med. 1998; 26:1143-1146
    • (1998) Crit. Care Med. , vol.26 , pp. 1143-1146
    • Zaloga, G.P.1
  • 65
    • 0033504316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteral nutritional supplementation with key nutrients in patients with critical illness and cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
    • Heys SD, Walker LG, Smith I, et al: Enteral nutritional supplementation with key nutrients in patients with critical illness and cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Ann Surg 1999; 229:467-477
    • (1999) Ann. Surg. , vol.229 , pp. 467-477
    • Heys, S.D.1    Walker, L.G.2    Smith, I.3
  • 66
    • 0033378657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immuno-nutrition in the critically ill: A systematic review of clinical outcome
    • Beale RJ, Bryg DJ, Bihari DJ: Immuno-nutrition in the critically ill: a systematic review of clinical outcome. Crit Care Med. 1999; 27:2799-2805
    • (1999) Crit. Care Med. , vol.27 , pp. 2799-2805
    • Beale, R.J.1    Bryg, D.J.2    Bihari, D.J.3
  • 67
    • 0035934054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should immunonutrition become routine in critically ill patients? A systematic review of the evidence
    • Heyland DK, Novak F, Drover JW, et al: Should immunonutrition become routine in critically ill patients? A systematic review of the evidence. JAMA 2001 22-29; 286:944-953
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , Issue.22-29 , pp. 944-953
    • Heyland, D.K.1    Novak, F.2    Drover, J.W.3
  • 68
    • 0010006296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group
    • Gadek JE, DeMichele SJ, Karlstad MD, et al: Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:1409-1420
    • (1999) Crit. Care Med. , vol.27 , pp. 1409-1420
    • Gadek, J.E.1    DeMichele, S.J.2    Karlstad, M.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.