메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue , 2003, Pages 461-474

Role of astrocytes in homeostasis of glutamate and GABA during physiological and pathophysiological conditions

Author keywords

Glutamine; Hypoglycemia; Hypoxia; Ischemia; Metabolism; Release; Uptake

Indexed keywords


EID: 12244283468     PISSN: 15692558     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1569-2558(03)31020-3     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (24)

References (98)
  • 2
    • 0037992820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of depolarization-coupled release of glutamate from cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells using DL-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate (DL-TBOA) do distinguish between the vesicular and cytoplasmic pools
    • L. Bak A. Schousboe H.S. Waagepetersen Characterization of depolarization-coupled release of glutamate from cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells using DL-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate (DL-TBOA) do distinguish between the vesicular and cytoplasmic pools Neurochem. Int. 43 2003 417 424
    • (2003) Neurochem. Int. , vol.43 , pp. 417-424
    • Bak, L.1    Schousboe, A.2    Waagepetersen, H.S.3
  • 4
    • 0015580236 scopus 로고
    • High affinity uptake of transmitters: studies on the uptake of l-aspartate, GABA, l-glutamate and glycine in cat spinal cord
    • V.J. Balcar G.A. Johnston High affinity uptake of transmitters: studies on the uptake of l -aspartate, GABA, l -glutamate and glycine in cat spinal cord J. Neurochem. 20 1973 529 539
    • (1973) J. Neurochem. , vol.20 , pp. 529-539
    • Balcar, V.J.1    Johnston, G.A.2
  • 5
    • 0025326247 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of synaptosomal γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis by glutamate and glutamine
    • G. Battaglioli D.L. Martin Stimulation of synaptosomal γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis by glutamate and glutamine J. Neurochem. 54 1990 1179 1187
    • (1990) J. Neurochem. , vol.54 , pp. 1179-1187
    • Battaglioli, G.1    Martin, D.L.2
  • 6
    • 0025779184 scopus 로고
    • GABA synthesis in brain slices is dependent on glutamine produced in astrocytes
    • G. Battaglioli D.L. Martin GABA synthesis in brain slices is dependent on glutamine produced in astrocytes Neurochem. Res. 2 1991 151 156
    • (1991) Neurochem. Res. , vol.2 , pp. 151-156
    • Battaglioli, G.1    Martin, D.L.2
  • 7
    • 0027311070 scopus 로고
    • Depolarization by K+ and glutamate activates different neurotransmitter release mechanisms in GABAergic neurons: vesicular versus non-vesicular release of GABA
    • + and glutamate activates different neurotransmitter release mechanisms in GABAergic neurons: vesicular versus non-vesicular release of GABA Neuroscience 54 1993 1019 1034
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.54 , pp. 1019-1034
    • Belhage, B.1    Hansen, G.H.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 9
    • 0021707433 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in rat hippocampus during transient cerebral ischemia monitored by intracerebral microdialysis
    • H. Benveniste J. Drejer A. Schousboe N.H. Diemer Elevation of the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in rat hippocampus during transient cerebral ischemia monitored by intracerebral microdialysis J. Neurochem. 43 1984 1369 1374
    • (1984) J. Neurochem. , vol.43 , pp. 1369-1374
    • Benveniste, H.1    Drejer, J.2    Schousboe, A.3    Diemer, N.H.4
  • 10
    • 0002887238 scopus 로고
    • The metabolic compartmentation concept
    • S. Berl D.D. Clarke The metabolic compartmentation concept L. Hertz E. Kvamme E.G. McGeer A. Schousboe Glutamine, Glutamate and GABA in the Central Nervous System 1983 Alan R. Liss, Inc New York 205 217
    • (1983) , pp. 205-217
    • Berl, S.1    Clarke, D.D.2
  • 11
    • 0026540851 scopus 로고
    • Calcium-independent release of amino acid neurotransmitters: fact or artifact?
    • S. Bernath Calcium-independent release of amino acid neurotransmitters: fact or artifact? Prog. Neurobiol. 38 1992 57 91
    • (1992) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.38 , pp. 57-91
    • Bernath, S.1
  • 12
    • 0037539911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of the glutamate transporter inhibitor DL-threo-beta-benzylaspartate (DL-TBOA) during physiological and ischemia-like conditions
    • C. Bonde A. Sarup A. Schousboe G. Gegelashvili J. Zimmer J. Noraberg Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of the glutamate transporter inhibitor DL-threo-beta-benzylaspartate (DL-TBOA) during physiological and ischemia-like conditions Neurochem. Int. 43 2003 371 380
    • (2003) Neurochem. Int. , vol.43 , pp. 371-380
    • Bonde, C.1    Sarup, A.2    Schousboe, A.3    Gegelashvili, G.4    Zimmer, J.5    Noraberg, J.6
  • 14
    • 0018141863 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine—a major substrate for nerve endings
    • H.F. Bradford H.K. Ward A.J. Thomas Glutamine—a major substrate for nerve endings J. Neurochem. 30 1978 1453 1459
    • (1978) J. Neurochem. , vol.30 , pp. 1453-1459
    • Bradford, H.F.1    Ward, H.K.2    Thomas, A.J.3
  • 15
    • 0028966538 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical examination of neural rat and mouse primary cultures using monoclonal antibodies raised against pyruvate carboxylase
    • M. Cesar B. Hamprecht Immunocytochemical examination of neural rat and mouse primary cultures using monoclonal antibodies raised against pyruvate carboxylase J. Neurochem. 64 1995 2312 2318
    • (1995) J. Neurochem. , vol.64 , pp. 2312-2318
    • Cesar, M.1    Hamprecht, B.2
  • 16
    • 0025265926 scopus 로고
    • The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic–ischemic neuronal death
    • D.W. Choi S.M. Rothman The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic–ischemic neuronal death Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 13 1990 171 182
    • (1990) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 171-182
    • Choi, D.W.1    Rothman, S.M.2
  • 17
    • 0026327104 scopus 로고
    • Effect of phenylsuccinate on potassium- and ischemia-induced release of glutamate in rat hippocampus monitored by microdialysis
    • T. Christensen T. Bruhn N.H. Diemer A. Schousboe Effect of phenylsuccinate on potassium- and ischemia-induced release of glutamate in rat hippocampus monitored by microdialysis Neurosci. Lett. 134 1991 71 74
    • (1991) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.134 , pp. 71-74
    • Christensen, T.1    Bruhn, T.2    Diemer, N.H.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 18
    • 0025041953 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity is present in oligodendroglia of various regions of the central nervous system
    • F. D'Amelio L.F. Eng M.A. Gibbs Glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity is present in oligodendroglia of various regions of the central nervous system Glia 3 1990 335 341
    • (1990) Glia , vol.3 , pp. 335-341
    • D'Amelio, F.1    Eng, L.F.2    Gibbs, M.A.3
  • 20
    • 0019992714 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of glutamate uptake into and release from astrocytes and neurons cultured from different brain regions
    • J. Drejer O.M. Larsson A. Schousboe Characterization of glutamate uptake into and release from astrocytes and neurons cultured from different brain regions Exp. Brain Res. 47 1982 259 269
    • (1982) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.47 , pp. 259-269
    • Drejer, J.1    Larsson, O.M.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 22
    • 0030680073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of pyruvate carboxylase in facilitation of synthesis of glutamate and glutamine in cultured astrocytes
    • W.C. Gamberino D.A. Berkich C.J. Lynch B. Xu K.F. LaNoue Role of pyruvate carboxylase in facilitation of synthesis of glutamate and glutamine in cultured astrocytes J. Neurochem. 69 1997 2312 2325
    • (1997) J. Neurochem. , vol.69 , pp. 2312-2325
    • Gamberino, W.C.1    Berkich, D.A.2    Lynch, C.J.3    Xu, B.4    LaNoue, K.F.5
  • 23
    • 0032006244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular distribution and kinetic properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters
    • G. Gegelashvili A. Schousboe Cellular distribution and kinetic properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters Brain Res. Bull. 45 1998 233 238
    • (1998) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.45 , pp. 233-238
    • Gegelashvili, G.1    Schousboe, A.2
  • 24
    • 0023841024 scopus 로고
    • Effects of valproate, vigabatrin and aminooxyacetic acid on release of endogenous and exogenous GABA from cultured neurons
    • L. Gram O.M. Larsson A.H. Johnsen A. Schousboe Effects of valproate, vigabatrin and aminooxyacetic acid on release of endogenous and exogenous GABA from cultured neurons Epilepsy Res. 2 1988 87 95
    • (1988) Epilepsy Res. , vol.2 , pp. 87-95
    • Gram, L.1    Larsson, O.M.2    Johnsen, A.H.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 26
    • 0018670663 scopus 로고
    • Functional interactions between neurons and astrocytes. I. Turnover and metabolism of putative amino acid transmitters
    • L. Hertz Functional interactions between neurons and astrocytes. I. Turnover and metabolism of putative amino acid transmitters Prog. Neurobiol. 13 1979 277 323
    • (1979) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.13 , pp. 277-323
    • Hertz, L.1
  • 28
    • 0037727865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cataplerotic TCA cycle flux determined as glutamate-sustained oxygen consumption in primary cultures of astrocytes
    • L. Hertz E. Hertz Cataplerotic TCA cycle flux determined as glutamate-sustained oxygen consumption in primary cultures of astrocytes Neurochem. Int. 43 2003 355 361
    • (2003) Neurochem. Int. , vol.43 , pp. 355-361
    • Hertz, L.1    Hertz, E.2
  • 29
    • 0002591234 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal-astrocytic interactions in metabolism of transmitter amino acids of the glutamate family
    • L. Hertz L. Peng N. Westergaard M. Yudkoff A. Schousboe Neuronal-astrocytic interactions in metabolism of transmitter amino acids of the glutamate family a Schousboe N.H. Diemer H. Kofod Drug Research Related to Neuroactive Amino Acids Alfred Benzon Symposium 32 1992 Munksgaard Copenhagen 30 48
    • (1992) , pp. 30-48
    • Hertz, L.1    Peng, L.2    Westergaard, N.3    Yudkoff, M.4    Schousboe, A.5
  • 30
    • 0001325464 scopus 로고
    • Role of astrocytes in compartmentation of amino acid and energy metabolism
    • L. Hertz A. Schousboe Role of astrocytes in compartmentation of amino acid and energy metabolism S. Fedoroff A. Vernadakis Astrocytes vol. 2 1986 Academic Press New York 179 208
    • (1986) , pp. 179-208
    • Hertz, L.1    Schousboe, A.2
  • 31
    • 0002602845 scopus 로고
    • Primary cultures of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons as model systems to study neurotransmitter functions
    • L. Hertz A. Schousboe Primary cultures of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons as model systems to study neurotransmitter functions A. Vernadakis L.M. Privat J.M. Lauder P.S. Timiras E. Giacobini Model Systems of Development and Aging of the Nervous System 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing Boston 19 31
    • (1987) , pp. 19-31
    • Hertz, L.1    Schousboe, A.2
  • 32
    • 0026674329 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and metabolism of malate in neurons and astrocytes in primary cultures
    • L. Hertz A.C. Yu A. Schousboe Uptake and metabolism of malate in neurons and astrocytes in primary cultures J. Neurosci. Res. 33 1992 289 296
    • (1992) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 289-296
    • Hertz, L.1    Yu, A.C.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 33
    • 0023907144 scopus 로고
    • Glutaminase in neurons and astrocytes cultured from mouse brain: kinetic properties and effects of phosphate, glutamate and ammonia
    • S. Hogstad G. Svenneby I.A. Torgner E. Kvamme L. Hertz A. Schousboe Glutaminase in neurons and astrocytes cultured from mouse brain: kinetic properties and effects of phosphate, glutamate and ammonia Neurochem. Res. 13 1988 383 388
    • (1988) Neurochem. Res. , vol.13 , pp. 383-388
    • Hogstad, S.1    Svenneby, G.2    Torgner, I.A.3    Kvamme, E.4    Hertz, L.5    Schousboe, A.6
  • 34
    • 0034012861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depolarization-induced release of [3H]d-aspartate from GABAergic neurons caused by reversal of glutamate transporters
    • 3H] d -aspartate from GABAergic neurons caused by reversal of glutamate transporters Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 18 2000 309 315
    • (2000) Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 309-315
    • Jensen, J.B.1    Pickering, D.S.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 35
    • 0342813030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of nipecotic acid and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-ol on extracellular γ-aminobutyrate levels in rat thalamus
    • G. Juhász K.A. Kékesi G. Nyitrai A. Dobolyi P. Krogsgaard-Larsen A. Schousboe Differential effects of nipecotic acid and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5- c ]pyridin-3-ol on extracellular γ-aminobutyrate levels in rat thalamus Eur. J. Pharmacol. 331 1997 139 144
    • (1997) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.331 , pp. 139-144
    • Juhász, G.1    Kékesi, K.A.2    Nyitrai, G.3    Dobolyi, A.4    Krogsgaard-Larsen, P.5    Schousboe, A.6
  • 36
    • 0035823420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The changes in the expressions of gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters in the gerbil hippocampal complex following spontaneous seizures
    • T.-C. Kang H.S. Kim M.O. Seo S.K. Park O.S. Kwon J.H. Kang M.H. Won The changes in the expressions of gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters in the gerbil hippocampal complex following spontaneous seizures Neurosci. Lett. 310 2001 29 32
    • (2001) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.310 , pp. 29-32
    • Kang, T.-C.1    Kim, H.S.2    Seo, M.O.3    Park, S.K.4    Kwon, O.S.5    Kang, J.H.6    Won, M.H.7
  • 37
    • 0026601109 scopus 로고
    • Carbon dioxide fixation in neuronal and astoglial cells in culture
    • E.E. Kaufman B.F. Driscoll Carbon dioxide fixation in neuronal and astoglial cells in culture J. Neurochem. 58 1992 258 262
    • (1992) J. Neurochem. , vol.58 , pp. 258-262
    • Kaufman, E.E.1    Driscoll, B.F.2
  • 38
    • 0028406889 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic transmission in the hippocampus: critical role for glial cells
    • D.O. Keyser T.C. Pellmar Synaptic transmission in the hippocampus: critical role for glial cells Glia 10 1994 237 243
    • (1994) Glia , vol.10 , pp. 237-243
    • Keyser, D.O.1    Pellmar, T.C.2
  • 39
    • 0024580438 scopus 로고
    • Aspartate aminotransferase for synthesis of transmitter glutamate in the medulla oblongata: effect of aminooxyacetic acid and 2-oxoglutarate
    • M. Kihara T. Kubo Aspartate aminotransferase for synthesis of transmitter glutamate in the medulla oblongata: effect of aminooxyacetic acid and 2-oxoglutarate J. Neurochem. 52 1989 1127 1134
    • (1989) J. Neurochem. , vol.52 , pp. 1127-1134
    • Kihara, M.1    Kubo, T.2
  • 40
    • 0019781092 scopus 로고
    • Effect of homo-∃-proline and other heterocyclic GABA analogues on GABA uptake in neurons and astroglial cells and on GABA receptor binding
    • O.M. Larsson P. Thorbek P. Krogsgaard-Larsen A. Schousboe Effect of homo-∃-proline and other heterocyclic GABA analogues on GABA uptake in neurons and astroglial cells and on GABA receptor binding J. Neurochem. 37 1981 1509 1516
    • (1981) J. Neurochem. , vol.37 , pp. 1509-1516
    • Larsson, O.M.1    Thorbek, P.2    Krogsgaard-Larsen, P.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 41
    • 0032194950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The number of glutamate transporter subtype molecules at glutamatergic synapses: chemical and stereological quantification in young adult rat brain
    • K.P. Lehre N.C. Danbolt The number of glutamate transporter subtype molecules at glutamatergic synapses: chemical and stereological quantification in young adult rat brain J. Neurosci. 18 1998 8751 8757
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 8751-8757
    • Lehre, K.P.1    Danbolt, N.C.2
  • 42
    • 0028958939 scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of two glial glutamate transporters in the rat brain: quantitative and immunocytochemical observations
    • K.P. Lehre L.M. Levy O.P. Ottersen J. Storm-Mathisen N.C. Danbolt Differential expression of two glial glutamate transporters in the rat brain: quantitative and immunocytochemical observations J. Neurosci. 15 1995 1835 1853
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 1835-1853
    • Lehre, K.P.1    Levy, L.M.2    Ottersen, O.P.3    Storm-Mathisen, J.4    Danbolt, N.C.5
  • 43
    • 0013312332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function and regulation of glutamate transporters
    • L.M. Levy Structure, function and regulation of glutamate transporters J. Egebjerg A. Schousboe P. Krogsgaard-Larsen Glutamate and GABA Receptors and Transporters. Structure, Function and Pharmacology 2002 Taylor and Francis London 307 336
    • (2002) , pp. 307-336
    • Levy, L.M.1
  • 45
    • 0026057140 scopus 로고
    • Transmitter glutamate release from isolated nerve terminals: evidence for biphasic release and triggering by localized Ca2+
    • 2+ J. Neurochem. 56 1991 86 94
    • (1991) J. Neurochem. , vol.56 , pp. 86-94
    • McMahon, H.T.1    Nicholls, D.G.2
  • 46
    • 0030061356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous glutamate concentration regulates the metabolic fate of glutamate in astrocytes
    • M.C. McKenna U. Sonnewald X. Huang J. Stevenson R.H. Zielke Exogenous glutamate concentration regulates the metabolic fate of glutamate in astrocytes J. Neurochem. 66 1996 386 393
    • (1996) J. Neurochem. , vol.66 , pp. 386-393
    • McKenna, M.C.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Huang, X.3    Stevenson, J.4    Zielke, R.H.5
  • 47
    • 0029972176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insight into the compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine in cultured rat brain astrocytes
    • M.C. McKenna J.T. Tildon J.H. Stevenson X. Huang New insight into the compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine in cultured rat brain astrocytes Dev. Neurosci. 18 1996 380 391
    • (1996) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 380-391
    • McKenna, M.C.1    Tildon, J.T.2    Stevenson, J.H.3    Huang, X.4
  • 48
    • 0025052336 scopus 로고
    • The release and uptake of excitatory amino acids
    • D. Nicholls D. Attwell The release and uptake of excitatory amino acids Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 11 1990 462 468
    • (1990) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 462-468
    • Nicholls, D.1    Attwell, D.2
  • 49
    • 0018382256 scopus 로고
    • Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain
    • M.D. Norenberg A. Martinez-Hernandez Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain Brain Res. 161 1979 303 310
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.161 , pp. 303-310
    • Norenberg, M.D.1    Martinez-Hernandez, A.2
  • 51
    • 0026544324 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine: morphological evidence obtained by quantitative immunocytochemistry in rat cerebellum
    • O.P. Ottersen N. Zhang F. Walberg Metabolic compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine: morphological evidence obtained by quantitative immunocytochemistry in rat cerebellum Neuroscience 46 1992 519 534
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.46 , pp. 519-534
    • Ottersen, O.P.1    Zhang, N.2    Walberg, F.3
  • 52
    • 0023913351 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that aspartate amino transferase activity and ketodicarboxylate carrier function are essential for biosynthesis of transmitter glutamate
    • G. Palaiologos L. Hertz A. Schousboe Evidence that aspartate amino transferase activity and ketodicarboxylate carrier function are essential for biosynthesis of transmitter glutamate J. Neurochem. 51 1988 317 320
    • (1988) J. Neurochem. , vol.51 , pp. 317-320
    • Palaiologos, G.1    Hertz, L.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 53
    • 0025777874 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate as a precursor for glutamate in cultured cerebellar granule cells
    • L. Peng A. Schousboe L. Hertz Utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate as a precursor for glutamate in cultured cerebellar granule cells Neurochem. Res. 16 1991 29 34
    • (1991) Neurochem. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 29-34
    • Peng, L.1    Schousboe, A.2    Hertz, L.3
  • 54
    • 0034674519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transporter reversal as a mechanism of glutamate release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex: studies with DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate
    • J.W. Phillis J. Ren M.H. O'Regan Transporter reversal as a mechanism of glutamate release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex: studies with DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate Brain Res. 868 2000 105 112
    • (2000) Brain Res. , vol.868 , pp. 105-112
    • Phillis, J.W.1    Ren, J.2    O'Regan, M.H.3
  • 55
    • 0018094446 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine as precursor for the GABA and glutamate transmitter pools
    • J.-C. Reubi C. Van der Berg M. Cuénod Glutamine as precursor for the GABA and glutamate transmitter pools Neurosci. Lett. 10 1978 171 174
    • (1978) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.10 , pp. 171-174
    • Reubi, J.-C.1    Van der Berg, C.2    Cuénod, M.3
  • 56
    • 0030005462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of the GABA uptake inhibitors, tiagabine and NNC-711, on extracellular GABA levels in the rat ventrolateral thalamus
    • D.A. Richards N.G. Bowery Comparative effects of the GABA uptake inhibitors, tiagabine and NNC-711, on extracellular GABA levels in the rat ventrolateral thalamus Neurochem. Res. 21 1996 135 140
    • (1996) Neurochem. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 135-140
    • Richards, D.A.1    Bowery, N.G.2
  • 57
    • 0021686831 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of striatal glutamate release after glutamine synthetase inhibition
    • J.D. Rothstein B. Tabakoff Alteration of striatal glutamate release after glutamine synthetase inhibition J. Neurochem. 43 1984 1438 1446
    • (1984) J. Neurochem. , vol.43 , pp. 1438-1446
    • Rothstein, J.D.1    Tabakoff, B.2
  • 58
    • 0022485129 scopus 로고
    • Extracellular overflow of neuroactive amino acids during severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia: in vivo dialysis of rat hippocampus
    • M. Sandberg S.P. Butcher H. Hagberg Extracellular overflow of neuroactive amino acids during severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia: in vivo dialysis of rat hippocampus J. Neurochem. 47 1986 178 184
    • (1986) J. Neurochem. , vol.47 , pp. 178-184
    • Sandberg, M.1    Butcher, S.P.2    Hagberg, H.3
  • 59
    • 0019200305 scopus 로고
    • Primary cultures of astrocytes from mammalian brain as a tool in neurochemical research
    • A. Schousboe Primary cultures of astrocytes from mammalian brain as a tool in neurochemical research Cell. Mol. Biol. 26 1980 505 513
    • (1980) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.26 , pp. 505-513
    • Schousboe, A.1
  • 60
    • 0019347565 scopus 로고
    • Transport and metabolism of glutamate and GABA in neurons and glial cells
    • A. Schousboe Transport and metabolism of glutamate and GABA in neurons and glial cells Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 22 1981 1 45
    • (1981) Int. Rev. Neurobiol. , vol.22 , pp. 1-45
    • Schousboe, A.1
  • 61
    • 0034305536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological and functional characterization of astrocytic GABA transport: a short review
    • A. Schousboe Pharmacological and functional characterization of astrocytic GABA transport: a short review Neurochem. Res. 25 2000 1241 1244
    • (2000) Neurochem. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 1241-1244
    • Schousboe, A.1
  • 62
    • 0037320032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of astrocytes in the maintenance and modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission
    • A. Schousboe Role of astrocytes in the maintenance and modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission Neurochem. Res. 28 2003 347 352
    • (2003) Neurochem. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 347-352
    • Schousboe, A.1
  • 63
    • 0000171396 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate receptors and neurotoxicity
    • A. Schousboe A. Frandsen Glutamate receptors and neurotoxicity T.W. Stone CNS Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators: Glutamate 1995 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL 239 251
    • (1995) , pp. 239-251
    • Schousboe, A.1    Frandsen, A.2
  • 64
    • 0017591003 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and metabolism of GABA in astrocytes cultured from dissociated mouse brain hemispheres
    • A. Schousboe L. Hertz G. Svenneby Uptake and metabolism of GABA in astrocytes cultured from dissociated mouse brain hemispheres Neurochem. Res. 2 1977 217 229
    • (1977) Neurochem. Res. , vol.2 , pp. 217-229
    • Schousboe, A.1    Hertz, L.2    Svenneby, G.3
  • 65
    • 41649121309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA transporters: functional and pharmacological properties
    • A. Schousboe B. Kanner GABA transporters: functional and pharmacological properties J. Egebjerg A. Schousboe P. Krogsgaard-Larsen Glutamate and GABA Receptors and Transporters 2002 Taylor and Francis London 337 349
    • (2002) , pp. 337-349
    • Schousboe, A.1    Kanner, B.2
  • 66
    • 0021064679 scopus 로고
    • Transport and metabolism of GABA in neurons and glia: implications for epilepsy
    • A. Schousboe O.M. Larsson J.D. Wood P. Krogsgaard-Larsen Transport and metabolism of GABA in neurons and glia: implications for epilepsy Epilepsia 24 1983 531 538
    • (1983) Epilepsia , vol.24 , pp. 531-538
    • Schousboe, A.1    Larsson, O.M.2    Wood, J.D.3    Krogsgaard-Larsen, P.4
  • 67
    • 0017718021 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and metabolism of glutamate in astrocytes cultured from dissociated mouse brain hemispheres
    • A. Schousboe G. Svenneby L. Hertz Uptake and metabolism of glutamate in astrocytes cultured from dissociated mouse brain hemispheres J. Neurochem. 29 1977 999 1005
    • (1977) J. Neurochem. , vol.29 , pp. 999-1005
    • Schousboe, A.1    Svenneby, G.2    Hertz, L.3
  • 69
    • 0024320234 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate as metabolic precursors of the transmitter pools of glutamate and GABA: correlation of regional uptake by rat brain synaptosomes
    • R.P. Shank W.J. Baldy C.H. Ash Glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate as metabolic precursors of the transmitter pools of glutamate and GABA: correlation of regional uptake by rat brain synaptosomes Neurochem. Res. 14 1989 371 376
    • (1989) Neurochem. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 371-376
    • Shank, R.P.1    Baldy, W.J.2    Ash, C.H.3
  • 70
    • 0021988603 scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate carboxylase: an astrocyte-specific enzyme implicated in the replenishment of amino acid neurotransmitter pools
    • R.P. Shank G.S. Bennett S.O. Freytag G.L. Campbell Pyruvate carboxylase: an astrocyte-specific enzyme implicated in the replenishment of amino acid neurotransmitter pools Brain Res. 329 1985 364 367
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.329 , pp. 364-367
    • Shank, R.P.1    Bennett, G.S.2    Freytag, S.O.3    Campbell, G.L.4
  • 71
    • 0021332488 scopus 로고
    • Alfa-ketoglutarate and malate uptake and metabolism by synaptosomes: further evidence for an astrocytes-to-neuron metabolic shuttle
    • R.P. Shank G.L. Campbell Alfa-ketoglutarate and malate uptake and metabolism by synaptosomes: further evidence for an astrocytes-to-neuron metabolic shuttle J. Neurochem. 42 1984 1153 1161
    • (1984) J. Neurochem. , vol.42 , pp. 1153-1161
    • Shank, R.P.1    Campbell, G.L.2
  • 72
    • 0023182061 scopus 로고
    • 4-Aminobutyrate can be released exocytotically from guinea-pig cerebral cortical synaptosomes
    • T.S. Sihra D.G. Nicholls 4-Aminobutyrate can be released exocytotically from guinea-pig cerebral cortical synaptosomes J. Neurochem. 49 1987 261 267
    • (1987) J. Neurochem. , vol.49 , pp. 261-267
    • Sihra, T.S.1    Nicholls, D.G.2
  • 73
  • 74
    • 85112910644 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal–glial interactions in glutamate and GABA homeostasis: effects of hypoxia
    • U. Sonnewald T.B. Müller N. Westergaard G. Unsgard A. Schousboe Neuronal–glial interactions in glutamate and GABA homeostasis: effects of hypoxia H. Krieglstein Oberpichler-Schwenk Pharmacology of Cerebral Ischemia 1994 Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 177 190
    • (1994) , pp. 177-190
    • Sonnewald, U.1    Müller, T.B.2    Westergaard, N.3    Unsgard, G.4    Schousboe, A.5
  • 78
    • 0027338137 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of [U-13C]glutamate in astrocytes studied by 13C NMR spectroscopy: incorporation of more label into lactate than into glutamine demonstrates the importance of the TCA cycle
    • 13C NMR spectroscopy: incorporation of more label into lactate than into glutamine demonstrates the importance of the TCA cycle J. Neurochem. 61 1993 1179 1182
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.61 , pp. 1179-1182
    • Sonnewald, U.1    Westergaard, N.2    Petersen, S.B.3    Unsgård, G.4    Schousboe, A.5
  • 80
    • 0021791451 scopus 로고
    • Effect of glutamine on glutamate release from hippocampal slices induced by high K+ or by electrical stimulation: interaction with different Ca2+ concentrations
    • 2+ concentrations J. Neurochem. 44 1985 1724 1731
    • (1985) J. Neurochem. , vol.44 , pp. 1724-1731
    • Szerb, J.C.1    O'Regan, P.A.2
  • 81
    • 0025958468 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine synthetase in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes: new biochemical and immunocytochemical evidence
    • F.A. Tansey M. Farooq W. Cammer Glutamine synthetase in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes: new biochemical and immunocytochemical evidence J. Neurochem. 56 1991 266 272
    • (1991) J. Neurochem. , vol.56 , pp. 266-272
    • Tansey, F.A.1    Farooq, M.2    Cammer, W.3
  • 82
    • 0015071185 scopus 로고
    • A simulation study of brain compartments: metabolism of glutamate and related substances in mouse brain
    • C.J. Van den Berg D. Garfinkel A simulation study of brain compartments: metabolism of glutamate and related substances in mouse brain Biochem. J. 23 1971 211 218
    • (1971) Biochem. J. , vol.23 , pp. 211-218
    • Van den Berg, C.J.1    Garfinkel, D.2
  • 83
    • 0034635496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and functional identification of a neuronal glutamine transporter
    • H. Varoqui H. Zhu D. Yao H. Ming J.D. Erickson Cloning and functional identification of a neuronal glutamine transporter J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 4049 4054
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 4049-4054
    • Varoqui, H.1    Zhu, H.2    Yao, D.3    Ming, H.4    Erickson, J.D.5
  • 84
    • 0036866554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of pyruvate recycling in primary cultures of neocortical astrocytes but not in neurons
    • H.S. Waagepetersen H. Qu L. Hertz U. Sonnewald A. Schousboe Demonstration of pyruvate recycling in primary cultures of neocortical astrocytes but not in neurons Neurochem. Res. 27 2002 1431 1437
    • (2002) Neurochem. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 1431-1437
    • Waagepetersen, H.S.1    Qu, H.2    Hertz, L.3    Sonnewald, U.4    Schousboe, A.5
  • 85
    • 0034879181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of effects of DL-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate (DL-TBOA) and l-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate (t-2,4-PDC) on uptake and release of [3H]d-aspartate in astrocytes and glutamatergic neurons
    • 3H] d -aspartate in astrocytes and glutamatergic neurons Neurochem. Res. 26 2001 661 666
    • (2001) Neurochem. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 661-666
    • Waagepetersen, H.S.1    Shimamoto, K.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 87
    • 0034846461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple compartments with different metabolic characteristics are involved in biosynthesis of intracellular and released glutamine and citrate in astrocytes
    • H.S. Waagepetersen U. Sonnewald O.M. Larsson A. Schousboe Multiple compartments with different metabolic characteristics are involved in biosynthesis of intracellular and released glutamine and citrate in astrocytes Glia 35 2001 246 252
    • (2001) Glia , vol.35 , pp. 246-252
    • Waagepetersen, H.S.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Larsson, O.M.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 88
    • 0033397187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial compartmentation at the cellular level—astrocytes and neurons
    • H.S. Waagepetersen U. Sonnewald H. Qu A. Schousboe Mitochondrial compartmentation at the cellular level—astrocytes and neurons Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 893 1999 421 425
    • (1999) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.893 , pp. 421-425
    • Waagepetersen, H.S.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Qu, H.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 89
    • 0032842197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The GABA paradox: multiple roles as metabolite, neurotransmitter, and neurodifferentiative agent
    • H.S. Waagepetersen U. Sonnewald A. Schousboe The GABA paradox: multiple roles as metabolite, neurotransmitter, and neurodifferentiative agent J. Neurochem. 73 1999 1335 1342
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.73 , pp. 1335-1342
    • Waagepetersen, H.S.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 92
    • 0028167909 scopus 로고
    • Release of alfa-ketoglutarate, malate and succinate from cultured astrocytes: possible role in amino acid neurotransmitter homeostasis
    • N. Westergaard U. Sonnewald A. Schousboe Release of alfa-ketoglutarate, malate and succinate from cultured astrocytes: possible role in amino acid neurotransmitter homeostasis Neurosci. Lett. 176 1994 105 109
    • (1994) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.176 , pp. 105-109
    • Westergaard, N.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 93
    • 0028879327 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic trafficking between neurons and astrocytes: the glutamate/glutamine cycle revisited
    • N. Westergaard U. Sonnewald A. Schousboe Metabolic trafficking between neurons and astrocytes: the glutamate/glutamine cycle revisited Dev. Neurosci. 17 1995 203 211
    • (1995) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 203-211
    • Westergaard, N.1    Sonnewald, U.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 95
    • 0036077331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between anticonvulsant activity and inhibitory action on glial GABA uptake of the highly selective mouse GAT1 inhibitor 3-hydroxy-4-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazole (exo-THPO) and its N-alkylated analogs
    • H.S. White A. Sarup T. Bolvig A.S. Kristensen G. Petersen N. Nelson D.S. Pickering O.M. Larsson B. Frølund P. Krogsgaard-Larsen A. Schousboe Correlation between anticonvulsant activity and inhibitory action on glial GABA uptake of the highly selective mouse GAT1 inhibitor 3-hydroxy-4-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazole ( exo -THPO) and its N-alkylated analogs J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 302 2002 636 644
    • (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.302 , pp. 636-644
    • White, H.S.1    Sarup, A.2    Bolvig, T.3    Kristensen, A.S.4    Petersen, G.5    Nelson, N.6    Pickering, D.S.7    Larsson, O.M.8    Frølund, B.9    Krogsgaard-Larsen, P.10    Schousboe, A.11
  • 96
    • 0021037707 scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate carboxylase activity in primary cultures of astrocytes and neurons
    • A.C.H. Yu J. Drejer L. Hertz A. Schousboe Pyruvate carboxylase activity in primary cultures of astrocytes and neurons J. Neurochem. 41 1983 1484 1487
    • (1983) J. Neurochem. , vol.41 , pp. 1484-1487
    • Yu, A.C.H.1    Drejer, J.2    Hertz, L.3    Schousboe, A.4
  • 98
    • 0023820776 scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte metabolism of [15N]glutamine: implications for the glutamine-glutamate cycle
    • 15N]glutamine: implications for the glutamine-glutamate cycle J. Neurochem. 51 1988 843 850
    • (1988) J. Neurochem. , vol.51 , pp. 843-850
    • Yudkoff, M.1    Nissim, I.2    Pleasure, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.