Natural killer T cells: Natural or unnatural regulators of autoimmunity?

Current Opinion in Immunology

Volumn 15, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 683-689

  Hammond, Kirsten J L ^a   Kronenberg, Mitchell ^a  

^a LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GLYCOLIPID;

ALLERGIC ENCEPHALITIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; AUTOIMMUNITY; CELL COUNT; CELL MANIPULATION; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CYTOKINE RELEASE; HUMAN; IMMUNOREGULATION; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; MODEL; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NATURAL KILLER CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SJOEGREN SYNDROME; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; T LYMPHOCYTE; TH2 CELL;

EID: 0242575287     PISSN: 09527915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2003.09.014     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Godfrey D.I., Hammond K.J., Poulton L.D., Smyth M.J., Baxter A.G. NKT cells: facts, functions and fallacies. Immunol. Today. 21:2000;573-583.
2. Kronenberg M., Gapin L. The unconventional lifestyle of NKT cells. Nat Rev Immunol. 2:2002;557-568.
3. Kobayashi E., Motoki K., Uchida T., Fukushima H., Koezuka Y. KRN7000, a novel immunomodulator, and its antitumor activities. Oncol Res. 7:1995;529-534.
4. Crowe N.Y., Smyth M.J., Godfrey D.I. A critical role for natural killer T cells in immunosurveillance of methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas. J Exp Med. 196:2002;119-127.
5. Smyth M.J., Crowe N.Y., Hayakawa Y., Takeda K., Yagita H., Godfrey D.I. NKT cells - conductors of tumor immunity? Curr Opin Immunol. 14:2002;165-171.
6. Kawakami K., Kinjo Y., Uezu K., Yara S., Miyagi K., Koguchi Y., Nakayama T., Taniguchi M., Saito A. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-dependent increase of Vα14 NKT cells in lungs and their roles in Th1 response and host defense in cryptococcal infection. J Immunol. 167:2001;6525-6532.
7. Hansen D.S., Siomos M.A., Buckingham L., Scalzo A.A., Schofield L. Regulation of murine cerebral malaria pathogenesis by CD1d-restricted NKT cells and the natural killer complex. Immunity. 18:2003;391-402.
8. Terabe M., Matsui S., Noben-Trauth N., Chen H., Watson C., Donaldson D.D., Carbone D.P., Paul W.E., Berzofsky J.A. NKT cell-mediated repression of tumor immunosurveillance by IL-13 and the IL-4R-STAT6 pathway. Nat Immunol. 1:2000;515-520.
9. Sonoda K.H., Stein-Streilein J. CD1d on antigen-transporting APC and splenic marginal zone B cells promotes NKT cell-dependent tolerance. Eur J Immunol. 32:2002;848-857.
10. Higuchi M., Zeng D., Shizuru J., Gworek J., Dejbakhsh-Jones S., Taniguchi M., Strober S. Immune tolerance to combined organ and bone marrow transplants after fractionated lymphoid irradiation involves regulatory NK T cells and clonal deletion. J Immunol. 169:2002;5564-5570.
11. Matsuda J.L., Gapin L., Baron J.L., Sidobre S., Stetson D.B., Mohrs M., Locksley R.M., Kronenberg M. Mouse Vα14i NKT cells are resistant to cytokine polarization in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100:2003;8395-8400 The data in this paper indicate that Vα14i NKT cells contain mRNA for both IFN-γ and IL-4 before activation, indicating that the early response of these cells might be difficult to polarize. Despite this, polarized systemic immune responses can be generated after the activation of Vα14i NKT cells through alterations in their influence on other cell types, such as NK cells.
12. Vincent M.S., Gumperz J.E., Brenner M.B. Understanding the function of CD1-restricted T cells. Nat Immunol. 4:2003;517-523.
13. Hammond K.J., Pellicci D.G., Poulton L.D., Naidenko O.V., Scalzo A.A., Baxter A.G., Godfrey D.I. CD1d-restricted NKT cells: an interstrain comparison. J Immunol. 167:2001;1164-1173.
14. Poulton L.D., Smyth M.J., Hawke C.G., Silvera P., Shepherd D., Naidenko O.V., Godfrey D.I., Baxter A.G. Cytometric and functional analyses of NK and NKT cell deficiencies in NOD mice. Int Immunol. 13:2001;887-896.
15. Hong S., Wilson M.T., Serizawa I., Wu L., Singh N., Naidenko O.V., Miura T., Haba T., Scherer D.C., Wei J., et al. The natural killer T-cell ligand α-galactosylceramide prevents autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. Nat Med. 7:2001;1052-1056.
16. Matsuki N., Stanic A.K., Embers M.E., Van Kaer L., Morel L., Joyce S. Genetic dissection of Vα14Jα18 natural T cell number and function in autoimmune-prone mice. J Immunol. 170:2003;5429-5437.
17. - T-cell deficiency and IDDM in NOD/Lt mice. Diabetes. 46:1997;572-582.
18. Lehuen A., Lantz O., Beaudoin L., Laloux V., Carnaud C., Bendelac A., Bach J.F., Monteiro R.C. Overexpression of natural killer T cells protects Vα14-Jα281 transgenic nonobese diabetic mice against diabetes. J. Exp. Med. 188:1998;1831-1839.
19. +-like thymocytes in the NOD mouse. Eur J Immunol. 26:1996;2989-2998.
20. - (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-10. J Exp Med. 187:1998;1047-1056.
21. Wang B., Geng Y.B., Wang C.R. CD1-restricted NK T cells protect nonobese diabetic mice from developing diabetes. J Exp Med. 194:2001;313-320.
22. Sharif S., Arreaza G.A., Zucker P., Mi Q.S., Sondhi J., Naidenko O.V., Kronenberg M., Koezuka Y., Delovitch T.L., Gombert J.M., et al. Activation of natural killer T cells by α-galactosylceramide treatment prevents the onset and recurrence of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Nat Med. 7:2001;1057-1062.
23. Shi F.D., Flodstrom M., Balasa B., Kim S.H., Van Gunst K., Strominger J.L., Wilson S.B., Sarvetnick N. Germ line deletion of the CD1 locus exacerbates diabetes in the NOD mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 98:2001;6777-6782.
24. Naumov Y.N., Bahjat K.S., Gausling R., Abraham R., Exley M.A., Koezuka Y., Balk S.B., Strominger J.L., Clare-Salzer M., Wilson S.B. Activation of CD1d-restricted T cells protects NOD mice from developing diabetes by regulating dendritic cell subsets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 98:2001;13838-13843.
25. Laloux V., Beaudoin L., Jeske D., Carnaud C., Lehuen A. NK T cell-induced protection against diabetes in Vα14-Jα281 transgenic nonobese diabetic mice is associated with a Th2 shift circumscribed regionally to the islets and functionally to islet autoantigen. J Immunol. 166:2001;3749-3756.
26. Burdin N., Brossay L., Kronenberg M. Immunization with alpha-galactosylceramide polarizes CD1-reactive NK T cells towards Th2 cytokine synthesis. Eur J Immunol. 29:1999;2014-2025.
27. Singh N., Hong S., Scherer D.C., Serizawa I., Burdin N., Kronenberg M., Koezuka Y., Van Kaer L. Cutting edge: activation of NK T cells by CD1d and α-galactosylceramide directs conventional T cells to the acquisition of a Th2 phenotype. J Immunol. 163:1999;2373-2377.
28. ••].
29. Wilson S.B., Kent S.C., Patton K.T., Orban T., Jackson R.A., Exley M., Porcelli S., Schatz D.A., Atkinson M.A., Balk S.P., et al. Extreme Th1 bias of invariant Vα24-JαQ T cells in type 1 diabetes. Nature. 391:1998;177-181.
30. Wilson S.B., Kent S.C., Horton H.F., Hill A.A., Bollyky P.L., Hafler D.A., Strominger J.L., Byrne M.C. Multiple differences in gene expression in regulatory Vα24JαQ T cells from identical twins discordant for type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 97:2000;7411-7416.
31. Kukreja A., Cost G., Marker J., Zhang C., Sun Z., Lin-Su K., Ten S., Sanz M., Exley M., Wilson B., et al. Multiple immuno-regulatory defects in type-1 diabetes. J Clin Invest. 109:2002;131-140 This study supports earlier work, but includes larger group of patients, showing that Vα24i NKT cells are numerically and functionally deficient in the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes.
32. •].
33. •].
34. + T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 168:2002;5514-5520.
35. Kita H., Naidenko O.V., Kronenberg M., Ansari A.A., Rogers P., He X.S., Koning F., Mikayama T., Van De Water J., Coppel R.L., et al. Quantitation and phenotypic analysis of natural killer T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis using a human CD1d tetramer. Gastroenterology. 123:2002;1031-1043 Human CD1d tetramers were used in this report to rigorously define Vα24i NKT cells, and to show a close correlation with Vβ11 and Vα24 staining. The authors further show that the reduced number of Vα24i NKT cells in peripheral blood do not reflect their numbers in the liver in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
36. Illes Z., Kondo T., Newcombe J., Oka N., Tabira T., Yamamura T. Differential expression of NK T cell Vα24JαQ invariant TCR chain in the lesions of multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Immunol. 164:2000;4375-4381.
37. + NKT cells derived from multiple sclerosis in remission. Int Immunol. 15:2003;279-288.
38. ••].
39. Jahng A.W., Maricic I., Pedersen B., Burdin N., Naidenko O., Kronenberg M., Koezuka Y., Kumar V. Activation of natural killer T cells potentiates or prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med. 194:2001;1789-1799.
40. Singh A.K., Wilson M.T., Hong S., Olivares-Villagomez D., Du C., Stanic A.K., Joyce S., Sriram S., Koezuka Y., Van Kaer L. Natural killer T cell activation protects mice against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med. 194:2001;1801-1811.
41. ••].
42. Pal E., Tabira T., Kawano T., Taniguchi M., Miyake S., Yamamura T. Costimulation-dependent modulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by ligand stimulation of Vα14 NK T cells. J Immunol. 166:2001;662-668.
43. Miyamoto K., Miyake S., Yamamura T. A synthetic glycolipid prevents autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing TH2 bias of natural killer T cells. Nature. 413:2001;531-534.
44. Takeda K., Dennert G. The development of autoimmunity in C57BL/6 lpr mice correlates with the disappearance of natural killer type-1 positive cells: evidence for their suppressive action on bone marrow stem cell proliferation, B cell immunoglobulin secretion, and autoimmune symptoms. J Exp Med. 177:1993;155-164.
45. + NK T cells associated with disease development in autoimmune-prone mice. J Immunol. 156:1996;4035-4040.
46. +B cells at the onset of autoimmune disease in (NZB×NZW)F1 mice. Eur J Immunol. 32:2002;2551-2561.
47. Zeng D., Lee M.K., Tung J., Brendolan A., Strober S. Cutting edge: a role for CD1 in the pathogenesis of lupus in NZB/NZW mice. J Immunol. 164:2000;5000-5004.
48. 2-microglobulin, but not CD1, accelerates spontaneous lupus skin disease while inhibiting nephritis in MRL-Fas(lpr) nice: an example of disease regulation at the organ level. J Immunol. 167:2001;2985-2990.
49. Saubermann L.J., Beck P., De Jong Y.P., Pitman R.S., Ryan M.S., Kim H.S., Exley M., Snapper S., Balk S.P., Hagen S.J., et al. Activation of natural killer T cells by α-galactosylceramide in the presence of CD1d provides protection against colitis in mice. Gastroenterology. 119:2000;119-128.
50. Heller F., Fuss I.J., Nieuwenhuis E.E., Blumberg R.S., Strober W. Oxazolone colitis, a Th2 colitis model resembling ulcerative colitis, is mediated by IL-13-producing NK-T cells. Immunity. 17:2002;629-638 The data in this paper suggest that the natural activity of Vα14i NKT cells is required for the development, as opposed to the regulation, of an autoimmune or immune-mediated disease. IL-13 synthesis may be the essential feature contributed by Vα14i NKT cells.
51. + NKT cell numbers are decreased in a wide variety of diseases that are characterized by autoreactive tissue damage. Clin Immunol. 100:2001;144-148.
52. + natural killer T cells are related to intrahepatic bile duct lesions in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver. 23:2003;94-100.
53. Hammond K.J., Godfrey D.I. NKT cells: potential targets for autoimmune disease therapy? Tissue Antigens. 59:2002;353-363.
54. Giaccone G., Punt C., Ando Y., Ruijter R., Nishi N., Peters M., von Blumberg B., Scheper R.J., Roelvink M., Beijnen J., et al. A phase I study of the natural killer T-cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) in patients with siolid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 8:2002;3702-3709.
55. Wilson S.B., Delovitch T.L. Janus-like role of regulatory iNKT cells in autoimmune disease and tumour immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 3:2003;211-222.
56. + T cells from IL-7-deficient mice have a normal distribution and selection but exhibit impaired cytokine production. Int Immunol. 8:1996;1759-1766.
57. + T cells. J Immunol. 162:1999;7067-7074.
58. Hayakawa Y., Takeda K., Yagita H., Van Kaer L., Saiki I., Okumura K. Differential regulation of Th1 and Th2 functions of NKT cells by CD28 and CD40 costimulatory pathways. J Immunol. 166:2001;6012-6018.
59. ••].
60. ••].
61. - Vα24i NKT cells differ in their pattern of chemokine receptor expression, as well as in IL-4 production.
62. ••].
63. Akbari O., Stock P., Meyer E., Kronenberg M., Sidobre S., Nakayama T., Taniguchi M., Grusby M.J., DeKruyff R.H., Umetsu D.T. Essential role of NKT cells producing IL-4 and IL-13 in the development of allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity. Nat Med. 9:2003;582-588.
64. + T cells. Immunology. 98:1999;557-563.
65. -Vα24JαQ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol. 98:2001;11-17.
66. + double-negative regulatory natural killer T cells in autoimmune diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 44:2001;1127-1138.
67. Oishi Y., Sumida T., Sakamoto A., Kita Y., Kurasawa K., Nawata Y., Takabayashi K., Takahashi H., Yoshida S., Taniguchi M., et al. Selective reduction and recovery of invariant Vα24JαQ T cell receptor T cells in correlation with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 28:2001;275-283.
68. Sumida T., Sakamoto A., Murata H., Makino Y., Takahashi H., Yoshida S., Nishioka K., Iwamoto I., Taniguchi M. Selective reduction of T cells bearing invariant Vα24JαQ antigen receptor in patients with systemic sclerosis. J. Exp. Med. 182:1995;1163-1168.