메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 103-112

Stemness, fusion and renewal of hematopoietic and embryonic stem cells

Author keywords

Hematopoietic reconstitution; Interleukin 3; LIF (Leukemia Inhibitory Factor); Multiploid cells; Nanog; Nuclear reprogramming; Oct4; Pluripotency; STAT3; Wnt

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GROWTH FACTOR; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; OCT4 PROTEIN; PROTEIN; PROTEIN NANOG; STAT3 PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WNT PROTEIN;

EID: 0141687002     PISSN: 15821838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2003.tb00209.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (35)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0031044215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells
    • Wilmut I., Schnieke A.E., McWhir J., Kind A.J., Campbell K.H., Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells, Nature, 385: 810-813, 1997
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 810-813
    • Wilmut, I.1    Schnieke, A.E.2    McWhir, J.3    Kind, A.J.4    Campbell, K.H.5
  • 2
    • 0034531907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From marrow to brain: Expression of neuronal phenotypes in adult mice
    • Brazelton T.R., Rossi F.M., Keshet G.I., Blau H.M., From marrow to brain: Expression of neuronal phenotypes in adult mice, Science, 290: 1775-1779, 2000
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 1775-1779
    • Brazelton, T.R.1    Rossi, F.M.2    Keshet, G.I.3    Blau, H.M.4
  • 7
    • 0034532106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turning blood into brain: Cells bearing neuronal antigens generated in vivo from bone marrow
    • Mezey E., Chandross K.J., Harta G., Maki R.A., McKercher S.R., Turning blood into brain: Cells bearing neuronal antigens generated in vivo from bone marrow, Science, 290: 1779-1782, 2000
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 1779-1782
    • Mezey, E.1    Chandross, K.J.2    Harta, G.3    Maki, R.A.4    McKercher, S.R.5
  • 8
    • 0033593654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turning brain into blood: A hematopoietic fate adopted by adult neural stem cells in vivo
    • Bjornson C.R., Rietze R.L., Reynolds B.A., Magli M.C., Vescovi A.L., Turning brain into blood: A hematopoietic fate adopted by adult neural stem cells in vivo, Science, 283: 534-537, 1999
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 534-537
    • Bjornson, C.R.1    Rietze, R.L.2    Reynolds, B.A.3    Magli, M.C.4    Vescovi, A.L.5
  • 10
    • 0037464545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplanted bone marrow regenerates liver by cell fusion
    • Vassilopoulos G., Wang P.R., Russell D.W., Transplanted bone marrow regenerates liver by cell fusion, Nature, 422: 901-904, 2003
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 901-904
    • Vassilopoulos, G.1    Wang, P.R.2    Russell, D.W.3
  • 12
    • 0037041428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing potency by spontaneous fusion
    • Ying Q.L., Nichols J., Evans E.P., Smith A.G., Changing potency by spontaneous fusion, Nature, 416: 545-548, 2002
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 545-548
    • Ying, Q.L.1    Nichols, J.2    Evans, E.P.3    Smith, A.G.4
  • 15
    • 0038143611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional expression cloning of nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells
    • Chambers I., Colby D., Robertson M., Nichols J., Lee S., Tweedie S., Smith A., Functional expression cloning of nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells, Cell, 113: 643-655, 2003
    • (2003) Cell , vol.113 , pp. 643-655
    • Chambers, I.1    Colby, D.2    Robertson, M.3    Nichols, J.4    Lee, S.5    Tweedie, S.6    Smith, A.7
  • 17
    • 0037344027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel nk-type homeobox gene, enk (early embryo specific nk), preferentially expressed in embryonic stem cells
    • Wang S.H., Tsai M.S., Chiang M.F., Li H., A novel nk-type homeobox gene, enk (early embryo specific nk), preferentially expressed in embryonic stem cells, Gene Expr. Patterns, 3: 99-103, 2003
    • (2003) Gene Expr. Patterns , vol.3 , pp. 99-103
    • Wang, S.H.1    Tsai, M.S.2    Chiang, M.F.3    Li, H.4
  • 18
    • 0037131389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Sternness": Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells
    • Ramalho-Santos M., Yoon S., Matsuzaki Y., Mulligan R.C., Melton D.A., "Sternness": Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells, Science, 298: 597-600, 2002
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 597-600
    • Ramalho-Santos, M.1    Yoon, S.2    Matsuzaki, Y.3    Mulligan, R.C.4    Melton, D.A.5
  • 20
    • 0036776747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for stem cell therapeutics: Myths and medicines
    • Daley G.Q., Prospects for stem cell therapeutics: Myths and medicines, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 12: 607-613, 2002
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 607-613
    • Daley, G.Q.1
  • 22
    • 0037464559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells: Fusion brings down barriers
    • Medvinsky A., Smith A., Stem cells: Fusion brings down barriers, Nature, 422: 823-825, 2003
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 823-825
    • Medvinsky, A.1    Smith, A.2
  • 23
    • 0037711340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt helps blood stem cells tick over
    • Bradbury J., Wnt helps blood stem cells tick over, Lancet, 361: 1528, 2003
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 1528
    • Bradbury, J.1
  • 24
    • 0031456158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt signaling: A common theme in animal development
    • Cadigan K.M., Nusse R., Wnt signaling: A common theme in animal development, Genes Dev., 11: 3286-3305, 1997
    • (1997) Genes Dev. , vol.11 , pp. 3286-3305
    • Cadigan, K.M.1    Nusse, R.2
  • 25
    • 0025325505 scopus 로고
    • Secreted int-1 protein is associated with the cell surface
    • Papkoff J., Schryver B., Secreted int-1 protein is associated with the cell surface, Mol. Cell. Biol., 10: 2723-2730, 1990
    • (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 2723-2730
    • Papkoff, J.1    Schryver, B.2
  • 26
    • 0037023528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hoxb4-induced expansion of adult hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo
    • Antonchuk J., Sauvageau G., Humphries R.K., Hoxb4-induced expansion of adult hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo, Cell, 109: 39-45, 2002
    • (2002) Cell , vol.109 , pp. 39-45
    • Antonchuk, J.1    Sauvageau, G.2    Humphries, R.K.3
  • 28
    • 0034684662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematopoietic stem cells need two signals to prevent apoptosis; bcl-2 can provide one of these, kit1/c-kit signaling the other
    • Domen J., Weissman I.L., Hematopoietic stem cells need two signals to prevent apoptosis; bcl-2 can provide one of these, kit1/c-kit signaling the other, J. Exp. Med., 192: 1707-1718, 2000
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 1707-1718
    • Domen, J.1    Weissman, I.L.2
  • 30
    • 0042809621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal
    • Reya T., Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal, Recent Prog. Horm. Res., 58: 283-295, 2003
    • (2003) Recent Prog. Horm. Res. , vol.58 , pp. 283-295
    • Reya, T.1
  • 31
    • 0019826665 scopus 로고
    • Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
    • Evans M.J., Kaufman M.H., Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos, Nature, 292: 154-156, 1981
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 154-156
    • Evans, M.J.1    Kaufman, M.H.2
  • 32
    • 0001007610 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells
    • Martin G.R., Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78: 7634-7638, 1981
    • (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.78 , pp. 7634-7638
    • Martin, G.R.1
  • 34
    • 0032168152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6-type cytokine signalling through the gp130/jak/stat pathway
    • Heinrich P.C., Behrmann I., Muller-Newen G., Schaper F., Graeve L., Interleukin-6-type cytokine signalling through the gp130/jak/stat pathway, Biochem. J., 334 (Pt 2): 297-314, 1998
    • (1998) Biochem. J. , vol.334 , Issue.2 PART , pp. 297-314
    • Heinrich, P.C.1    Behrmann, I.2    Muller-Newen, G.3    Schaper, F.4    Graeve, L.5
  • 35
    • 0024245022 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of pluripotential embryonic stem cell differentiation by purified polypeptides
    • Smith A.G., Heath J.K., Donaldson D.D., Wong G.G., Moreau J., Stahl M., Rogers D., Inhibition of pluripotential embryonic stem cell differentiation by purified polypeptides, Nature, 336: 688-690, 1988
    • (1988) Nature , vol.336 , pp. 688-690
    • Smith, A.G.1    Heath, J.K.2    Donaldson, D.D.3    Wong, G.G.4    Moreau, J.5    Stahl, M.6    Rogers, D.7
  • 38
    • 0032747233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling mechanisms regulating self-renewal and differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells
    • Burdon T., Chambers I., Stracey C., Niwa H., Smith A., Signaling mechanisms regulating self-renewal and differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, Cells Tissues Organs, 165: 131-143, 1999
    • (1999) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.165 , pp. 131-143
    • Burdon, T.1    Chambers, I.2    Stracey, C.3    Niwa, H.4    Smith, A.5
  • 39
    • 0034944121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological rationale for responsiveness of mouse embryonic stem cells to gp130 cytokines
    • Nichols J., Chambers I., Taga T., Smith A., Physiological rationale for responsiveness of mouse embryonic stem cells to gp130 cytokines, Development, 128: 2333-2339, 2001
    • (2001) Development , vol.128 , pp. 2333-2339
    • Nichols, J.1    Chambers, I.2    Taga, T.3    Smith, A.4
  • 41
    • 0022274007 scopus 로고
    • Il-3-dependent mouse clones that express b-220 surface antigen, contain ig genes in germ-line confguration, and generate b lymphocytes in vivo
    • Palacios R., Steinmetz M., Il-3-dependent mouse clones that express b-220 surface antigen, contain ig genes in germ-line confguration, and generate b lymphocytes in vivo, Cell, 41: p727-734, 1985
    • (1985) Cell , vol.41 , pp. 727-734
    • Palacios, R.1    Steinmetz, M.2
  • 42
    • 0033000191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The erythropoietin receptor: Structure, activation and intracellular signal transduction
    • Constantinescu S.N., Ghaffari S., Lodish H.F., The erythropoietin receptor: Structure, activation and intracellular signal transduction, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 10: 18-23, 1999
    • (1999) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.10 , pp. 18-23
    • Constantinescu, S.N.1    Ghaffari, S.2    Lodish, H.F.3
  • 43
    • 0025633003 scopus 로고
    • Point mutation in the exoplasmic domain of the erythropoietin receptor resulting in hormone-independent activation and tumorigenicity
    • Yoshimura A., Longmore G., Lodish H.F., Point mutation in the exoplasmic domain of the erythropoietin receptor resulting in hormone-independent activation and tumorigenicity, Nature, 348: 647-649, 1990
    • (1990) Nature , vol.348 , pp. 647-649
    • Yoshimura, A.1    Longmore, G.2    Lodish, H.F.3
  • 44
    • 0026326555 scopus 로고
    • An activating mutation in the murine erythropoietin receptor induces erythroleukemia in mice: A cytokine receptor superfamily oncogene
    • Longmore G.D., Lodish H.F., An activating mutation in the murine erythropoietin receptor induces erythroleukemia in mice: A cytokine receptor superfamily oncogene, Cell, 67: 1089-1102, 1991
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 1089-1102
    • Longmore, G.D.1    Lodish, H.F.2
  • 45
    • 0024780756 scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology of friend viral erythroleukemia
    • Kabat D., Molecular biology of friend viral erythroleukemia, Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol., 148: 1-42, 1989
    • (1989) Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. , vol.148 , pp. 1-42
    • Kabat, D.1
  • 46
    • 0025004999 scopus 로고
    • Activation of cell growth by binding of friend spleen focus-forming virus gp55 glycoprotein to the erythropoietin receptor
    • Li J.-P., D'Andrea A.D., Lodish H.F., Baltimore D., Activation of cell growth by binding of friend spleen focus-forming virus gp55 glycoprotein to the erythropoietin receptor, Nature, 343: 762-764, 1990
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 762-764
    • Li, J.-P.1    D'Andrea, A.D.2    Lodish, H.F.3    Baltimore, D.4
  • 47
    • 0029794142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of an oncogenic form of the thrombopoietin receptor mpl using retrovirus-mediated gene transfer
    • Onishi M., Mui A.L., Morikawa Y., Cho L., Kinoshita S., Nolan G.P., Gorman D.M., Miyajima A., Kitamura T., Identification of an oncogenic form of the thrombopoietin receptor mpl using retrovirus-mediated gene transfer, Blood, 88: 1399-1406., 1996
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 1399-1406
    • Onishi, M.1    Mui, A.L.2    Morikawa, Y.3    Cho, L.4    Kinoshita, S.5    Nolan, G.P.6    Gorman, D.M.7    Miyajima, A.8    Kitamura, T.9
  • 48
    • 0030849161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self renewal of embryonic stem cells in the absence of feeder cells and exogenous leukaemia inhibitory factor
    • Berger C.N., Sturm K.S., Self renewal of embryonic stem cells in the absence of feeder cells and exogenous leukaemia inhibitory factor, Growth Factors, 14: 145-159, 1997
    • (1997) Growth Factors , vol.14 , pp. 145-159
    • Berger, C.N.1    Sturm, K.S.2
  • 51
    • 0034101804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cell lines from human blastocysts: Somatic differentiation in vitro
    • Reubinoff B.E., Pera M.F., Fong C.Y., Trounson A., Bongso A., Embryonic stem cell lines from human blastocysts: Somatic differentiation in vitro, Nat. Biotechnol., 18: 399-404, 2000
    • (2000) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.18 , pp. 399-404
    • Reubinoff, B.E.1    Pera, M.F.2    Fong, C.Y.3    Trounson, A.4    Bongso, A.5
  • 52
    • 0028937149 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of an extrachromosomal plasmid vector in mouse embryonic stem cells
    • Gassmann M., Donoho G., Berg P., Maintenance of an extrachromosomal plasmid vector in mouse embryonic stem cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92: 1292-1296, 1995
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 1292-1296
    • Gassmann, M.1    Donoho, G.2    Berg, P.3
  • 53
    • 0038241825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanog. A new recruit to the embryonic stem cell orchestra
    • Cavaleri F., Scholer H.R., Nanog. A new recruit to the embryonic stem cell orchestra, Cell, 113: 551-552, 2003
    • (2003) Cell , vol.113 , pp. 551-552
    • Cavaleri, F.1    Scholer, H.R.2
  • 54
    • 0030587603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nk-2 homeobox genes and heart development
    • Harvey R.P., Nk-2 homeobox genes and heart development, Dev. Biol., 178: 203-216, 1996
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.178 , pp. 203-216
    • Harvey, R.P.1
  • 55
    • 0021111230 scopus 로고
    • Mouse ubiquitous b2 repeat in polysomal and cytoplasmic poly(a)+mas: Uniderectional orientation and 3′-end localization
    • Ryskov A.P., Ivanov P.L., Kramerov D.A., Georgiev G.P., Mouse ubiquitous b2 repeat in polysomal and cytoplasmic poly(a)+mas: Uniderectional orientation and 3′-end localization, Nucleic Acids Res, 11: 6541-6558, 1983
    • (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.11 , pp. 6541-6558
    • Ryskov, A.P.1    Ivanov, P.L.2    Kramerov, D.A.3    Georgiev, G.P.4
  • 56
    • 0029923977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gp130-mediated signal transduction in embryonic stem cells involves activation of jak and ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways
    • Ernst M., Oates A., Dunn A.R., Gp130-mediated signal transduction in embryonic stem cells involves activation of jak and ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, J. Biol. Chem., 271: 30136-30143, 1996
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 30136-30143
    • Ernst, M.1    Oates, A.2    Dunn, A.R.3
  • 57
    • 0033515656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The carboxyl-terminal domains of gp130-related cytokine receptors are necessary for suppressing embryonic stem cell differentiation. Involvement of stat3
    • Ernst M., Novak U., Nicholson S.E., Layton J.E., Dunn A.R., The carboxyl-terminal domains of gp130-related cytokine receptors are necessary for suppressing embryonic stem cell differentiation. Involvement of stat3, J. Biol. Chem., 274: 9729-9737, 1999
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 9729-9737
    • Ernst, M.1    Novak, U.2    Nicholson, S.E.3    Layton, J.E.4    Dunn, A.R.5
  • 58
    • 0032127977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-renewal of pluripotent embryonic stem cells is mediated via activation of stat3
    • Niwa H., Burdon T., Chambers I., Smith A., Self-renewal of pluripotent embryonic stem cells is mediated via activation of stat3, Genes Dev., 12: 2048-2060, 1998
    • (1998) Genes Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 2048-2060
    • Niwa, H.1    Burdon, T.2    Chambers, I.3    Smith, A.4
  • 59
    • 0033517123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stat3 activation is sufficient to maintain an undifferentiated state of mouse embryonic stem cells
    • Matsuda T., Nakamura T., Nakao K., Arai T., Katsuki M., Heike T., Yokota T., Stat3 activation is sufficient to maintain an undifferentiated state of mouse embryonic stem cells, EMBO J., 18: 4261-4269, 1999
    • (1999) EMBO J. , vol.18 , pp. 4261-4269
    • Matsuda, T.1    Nakamura, T.2    Nakao, K.3    Arai, T.4    Katsuki, M.5    Heike, T.6    Yokota, T.7
  • 60
    • 0025291459 scopus 로고
    • Oct-4: A germline-specific transcription factor mapping to the mouse t-complex
    • Scholer H.R., Dressler G.R., Balling R., Rohdewohld H., Gruss P., Oct-4: A germline-specific transcription factor mapping to the mouse t-complex, EMBO J., 9: 2185-2195, 1990
    • (1990) EMBO J. , vol.9 , pp. 2185-2195
    • Scholer, H.R.1    Dressler, G.R.2    Balling, R.3    Rohdewohld, H.4    Gruss, P.5
  • 61
    • 0034028901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative expression of oct-3/4 defines differentiation, dedifferentiation or self-renewal of es cells
    • Niwa H., Miyazaki J., Smith A.G., Quantitative expression of oct-3/4 defines differentiation, dedifferentiation or self-renewal of es cells, Nat. Genet., 24: 372-376, 2000
    • (2000) Nat. Genet. , vol.24 , pp. 372-376
    • Niwa, H.1    Miyazaki, J.2    Smith, A.G.3
  • 62
    • 0033152966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of shp-2 and erk signalling promotes self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells
    • Burdon T., Stracey C., Chambers I., Nichols J., Smith A., Suppression of shp-2 and erk signalling promotes self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells, Dev. Biol., 210: 30-43, 1999
    • (1999) Dev. Biol. , vol.210 , pp. 30-43
    • Burdon, T.1    Stracey, C.2    Chambers, I.3    Nichols, J.4    Smith, A.5
  • 63
    • 0038100185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of eras in promoting tumour-like properties in mouse embryonic stem cells
    • Takahashi K., Mitsui K., Yamanaka S., Role of eras in promoting tumour-like properties in mouse embryonic stem cells, Nature, 423: 541-545, 2003
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , pp. 541-545
    • Takahashi, K.1    Mitsui, K.2    Yamanaka, S.3
  • 64
    • 0037108047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for foxd3 in maintaining pluripotent cells of the early mouse embryo
    • Hanna L.A., Foreman R.K., Tarasenko I.A., Kessler D.S., Labosky P.A., Requirement for foxd3 in maintaining pluripotent cells of the early mouse embryo, Genes Dev., 16: 2650-2661, 2002
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 2650-2661
    • Hanna, L.A.1    Foreman, R.K.2    Tarasenko, I.A.3    Kessler, D.S.4    Labosky, P.A.5
  • 67
    • 0032533241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gata6 regulates hnf4 and is required for differentiation of visceral endoderm in the mouse embryo
    • Morrisey E.E., Tang Z., Sigrist K., Lu M.M., Jiang F., Ip H.S., Parmacek M.S., Gata6 regulates hnf4 and is required for differentiation of visceral endoderm in the mouse embryo, Genes Dev., 12: 3579-3590, 1998
    • (1998) Genes Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 3579-3590
    • Morrisey, E.E.1    Tang, Z.2    Sigrist, K.3    Lu, M.M.4    Jiang, F.5    Ip, H.S.6    Parmacek, M.S.7
  • 70
    • 23044522243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cell generation and choice of fate: Role of cytokines and cellular microenvironment
    • Constantinescu S.N., Stem cell generation and choice of fate: Role of cytokines and cellular microenvironment, J. Cell. Mol. Med., 4: 233-248, 2000
    • (2000) J. Cell. Mol. Med. , vol.4 , pp. 233-248
    • Constantinescu, S.N.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.