메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 7, 2002, Pages 2690-2700

Pathological CNS Autoimmune Disease Triggered by Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Autoimmune Vaccine Therapy

Author keywords

Autoimmune disease; CNS injury; Myelin basic protein; Neuroprotection; Protective autoimmunity; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 5; INTERLEUKIN 6; MESSENGER RNA; MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN; NEUROTROPHIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR;

EID: 0036548768     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.22-07-02690.2002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (176)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0034965721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myelin/axonal pathology in interleukin-12 induced serial relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat
    • Ahmed Z, Gveric D, Pryce G, Baker D, Leonard JP, Cuzner ML (2001) Myelin/axonal pathology in interleukin-12 induced serial relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat. Am J Pathol 158:2127-2138.
    • (2001) Am J Pathol , vol.158 , pp. 2127-2138
    • Ahmed, Z.1    Gveric, D.2    Pryce, G.3    Baker, D.4    Leonard, J.P.5    Cuzner, M.L.6
  • 3
    • 0031027581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased interleukin 12 production in progressive multiple sclerosis: Induction by activated CD4+ T cells via CD40 ligand
    • Balashov KE, Smith DR, Khoury SJ, Hafler DA, Weiner HL (1997) Increased interleukin 12 production in progressive multiple sclerosis: induction by activated CD4+ T cells via CD40 ligand. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:599-603.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 599-603
    • Balashov, K.E.1    Smith, D.R.2    Khoury, S.J.3    Hafler, D.A.4    Weiner, H.L.5
  • 4
    • 0028919411 scopus 로고
    • A sensitive and reliable locomotor rating scale for open field testing in rats
    • Basso DM, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC (1995) A sensitive and reliable locomotor rating scale for open field testing in rats. J Neurotrauma 12:1-21.
    • (1995) J Neurotrauma , vol.12 , pp. 1-21
    • Basso, D.M.1    Beattie, M.S.2    Bresnahan, J.C.3
  • 6
    • 0029761934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overriding the brain's intrinsic resistance to leukocyte recruitment with intraparenchymal injections of recombinant chemokines
    • Bell MD, Taub DD, Perry VH (1996) Overriding the brain's intrinsic resistance to leukocyte recruitment with intraparenchymal injections of recombinant chemokines. Neuroscience 74:283-292.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.74 , pp. 283-292
    • Bell, M.D.1    Taub, D.D.2    Perry, V.H.3
  • 7
    • 0033563260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of myelin basic protein is superior to myelin in suppressing established relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Benson JM, Stuckman SS, Cox KL, Wardrop RM, Gienapp IE, Cross AH, Trotter JL, Whitacre CC (1999) Oral administration of myelin basic protein is superior to myelin in suppressing established relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 162:6247-6254.
    • (1999) J Immunol , vol.162 , pp. 6247-6254
    • Benson, J.M.1    Stuckman, S.S.2    Cox, K.L.3    Wardrop, R.M.4    Gienapp, I.E.5    Cross, A.H.6    Trotter, J.L.7    Whitacre, C.C.8
  • 8
    • 0032739262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemically administered interleukin-10 reduces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and significantly improves functional recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats
    • Bethea JR, Nagashima H, Acosta MC, Briceno C, Gomez F, Marcillo AE, Loor K, Green J, Dietrich WD (1999) Systemically administered interleukin-10 reduces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and significantly improves functional recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 16:851-863.
    • (1999) J Neurotrauma , vol.16 , pp. 851-863
    • Bethea, J.R.1    Nagashima, H.2    Acosta, M.C.3    Briceno, C.4    Gomez, F.5    Marcillo, A.E.6    Loor, K.7    Green, J.8    Dietrich, W.D.9
  • 9
    • 0033378857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune maintenance and neuroprotection of the central nervous system
    • Cohen IR, Schwartz M (1999) Autoimmune maintenance and neuroprotection of the central nervous system. J Neuroimmunol 100:111-114.
    • (1999) J Neuroimmunol , vol.100 , pp. 111-114
    • Cohen, I.R.1    Schwartz, M.2
  • 10
    • 0025127157 scopus 로고
    • Homing to central nervous system vasculature by antigen specific lymphocytes. I. Localization of C14-labeled cells during acute, chronic, and relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Cross AH, Cannella B, Brosnan CF, Raine CS (1990) Homing to central nervous system vasculature by antigen specific lymphocytes. I. Localization of C14-labeled cells during acute, chronic, and relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Lab Invest 63:162-170.
    • (1990) Lab Invest , vol.63 , pp. 162-170
    • Cross, A.H.1    Cannella, B.2    Brosnan, C.F.3    Raine, C.S.4
  • 12
    • 0028326548 scopus 로고
    • Secondary cell death and the inflammatory reaction after dorsal hemisection of the rat spinal cord
    • Dusart I, Schwab ME (1994) Secondary cell death and the inflammatory reaction after dorsal hemisection of the rat spinal cord. Eur J Neurosci 6:712-724.
    • (1994) Eur J Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 712-724
    • Dusart, I.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 13
    • 0030941082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A T-helper cell 2 (Th2) immune response against non-self antigens modifies the cytokine profile of autoimmune T-cells and protects against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Falcone M, Bloom BR (1997) A T-helper cell 2 (Th2) immune response against non-self antigens modifies the cytokine profile of autoimmune T-cells and protects against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med 185:901-907.
    • (1997) J Exp Med , vol.185 , pp. 901-907
    • Falcone, M.1    Bloom, B.R.2
  • 15
    • 0025021151 scopus 로고
    • Criteria for assessing recovery of function after spinal cord injury: Behavioral methods
    • Goldberger ME, Bregman BS, Vierck Jr CJ, Brown M (1990) Criteria for assessing recovery of function after spinal cord injury: behavioral methods. Exp Neurol 107:113-117.
    • (1990) Exp Neurol , vol.107 , pp. 113-117
    • Goldberger, M.E.1    Bregman, B.S.2    Vierck Jr., C.J.3    Brown, M.4
  • 20
    • 0034893791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic therapeutic vaccination with modified myelin self-antigen prevents complete paralysis while avoiding autoimmune disease
    • Hauben E, Agranov E, Gothilf A, Nevo U, Cohen A, Smirnov I, Steinman L, Schwartz M (2001) Posttraumatic therapeutic vaccination with modified myelin self-antigen prevents complete paralysis while avoiding autoimmune disease. J Clin Invest 108:591-599.
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 591-599
    • Hauben, E.1    Agranov, E.2    Gothilf, A.3    Nevo, U.4    Cohen, A.5    Smirnov, I.6    Steinman, L.7    Schwartz, M.8
  • 21
    • 0031913982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory signals induce neurotrophin expression in human microglial cells
    • Heese K, Hock C, Otten U (1998) Inflammatory signals induce neurotrophin expression in human microglial cells. J Neurochem 70:699-707.
    • (1998) J Neurochem , vol.70 , pp. 699-707
    • Heese, K.1    Hock, C.2    Otten, U.3
  • 22
    • 0032516797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of passively transferred primed T cells independently of their antigen specificity following central nervous system trauma
    • Hirschberg DL, Moalem G, He J, Mor F, Cohen IR, Schwartz M (1998) Accumulation of passively transferred primed T cells independently of their antigen specificity following central nervous system trauma. J Neuroimmunol 89:88-96.
    • (1998) J Neuroimmunol , vol.89 , pp. 88-96
    • Hirschberg, D.L.1    Moalem, G.2    He, J.3    Mor, F.4    Cohen, I.R.5    Schwartz, M.6
  • 23
    • 0031091753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of brain-derived T cells during acute central nervous system inflammation
    • Irani DN, Lin KI, Griffin DE (1997) Regulation of brain-derived T cells during acute central nervous system inflammation. J Immunol 158:2318-2326.
    • (1997) J Immunol , vol.158 , pp. 2318-2326
    • Irani, D.N.1    Lin, K.I.2    Griffin, D.E.3
  • 27
    • 0035400122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal survival after CNS insult is determined by a genetically encoded autoimmune response
    • Kipnis J, Yoles E, Schori H, Hauben E, Shaked I, Schwartz M (2001) Neuronal survival after CNS insult is determined by a genetically encoded autoimmune response. J Neurosci 21:4564-4571.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 4564-4571
    • Kipnis, J.1    Yoles, E.2    Schori, H.3    Hauben, E.4    Shaked, I.5    Schwartz, M.6
  • 28
    • 0030723360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central nervous system environment controls effector CD4+ T cell cytokine profile in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Krakowski ML, Owens T (1997) The central nervous system environment controls effector CD4+ T cell cytokine profile in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Eur J Immunol 27:2840-2847.
    • (1997) Eur J Immunol , vol.27 , pp. 2840-2847
    • Krakowski, M.L.1    Owens, T.2
  • 29
    • 0031910277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mouse model of graded contusive spinal cord injury
    • Kuhn PL, Wrathall JR (1998) A mouse model of graded contusive spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 15:125-140.
    • (1998) J Neurotrauma , vol.15 , pp. 125-140
    • Kuhn, P.L.1    Wrathall, J.R.2
  • 30
    • 0028102655 scopus 로고
    • High incidence of spontaneous autoimmune encephaloymyelitis in immunodeficient anti-myelin basic protein T-cell receptor transgenic mice
    • Lafaille JJ, Nagashima K, Katsuki M, Tonegawa S (1994) High incidence of spontaneous autoimmune encephaloymyelitis in immunodeficient anti-myelin basic protein T-cell receptor transgenic mice. Cell 78:399-408.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.78 , pp. 399-408
    • Lafaille, J.J.1    Nagashima, K.2    Katsuki, M.3    Tonegawa, S.4
  • 31
    • 0035500931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of type 1 immune pathology in the brain following immunization without central nervous system autoantigen in transgenic mice with astrocyte-targeted expression of il-12
    • Lassmann S, Kincaid C, Asensio VC, Campbell IL (2001) Induction of type 1 immune pathology in the brain following immunization without central nervous system autoantigen in transgenic mice with astrocyte-targeted expression of il-12. J Immunol 167:5485-5493.
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.167 , pp. 5485-5493
    • Lassmann, S.1    Kincaid, C.2    Asensio, V.C.3    Campbell, I.L.4
  • 32
    • 0035152176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Trk receptors following contusion of the rat spinal cord
    • Liebl DJ, Huang W, Young W, Parada LF (2001) Regulation of Trk receptors following contusion of the rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 167:15-26.
    • (2001) Exp Neurol , vol.167 , pp. 15-26
    • Liebl, D.J.1    Huang, W.2    Young, W.3    Parada, L.F.4
  • 33
    • 0011815058 scopus 로고
    • On the cooperation and interference of reflexes from other sense organs with those of the labyrinths
    • Magnus R (1926) On the cooperation and interference of reflexes from other sense organs with those of the labyrinths. Laryngoscope 36:701-712.
    • (1926) Laryngoscope , vol.36 , pp. 701-712
    • Magnus, R.1
  • 36
    • 0030221758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in inflammatory brain lesions: Helpful and harmful
    • Merrill JE, Benveniste EN (1996) Cytokines in inflammatory brain lesions: helpful and harmful. Trends Neurosci 19:331-338.
    • (1996) Trends Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 331-338
    • Merrill, J.E.1    Benveniste, E.N.2
  • 37
    • 0033049143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune T-cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration after central nervous system axotomy
    • Moalem G, Leibowitz-Amit R, Yoles E, Mor F, Cohen IR, Schwartz M (1999a) Autoimmune T-cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration after central nervous system axotomy. Nat Med 5:49-55.
    • (1999) Nat Med , vol.5 , pp. 49-55
    • Moalem, G.1    Leibowitz-Amit, R.2    Yoles, E.3    Mor, F.4    Cohen, I.R.5    Schwartz, M.6
  • 38
    • 0033067355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential T cell response in central and peripheral nerve injury: Connection with immune privilege
    • Moalem G, Monsonego A, Shani Y, Cohen IR, Schwartz M (1999b) Differential T cell response in central and peripheral nerve injury: connection with immune privilege. FASEB J 13:1207-1217.
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13 , pp. 1207-1217
    • Moalem, G.1    Monsonego, A.2    Shani, Y.3    Cohen, I.R.4    Schwartz, M.5
  • 42
    • 0034571173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cell differentiation
    • O'Garra A, Arai N (2000) The molecular basis of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cell differentiation. Trends Cell Biol 10:542-550.
    • (2000) Trends Cell Biol , vol.10 , pp. 542-550
    • O'Garra, A.1    Arai, N.2
  • 43
    • 0032538918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory CD4(+) T cells expressing endogenous T cell receptor chains protect myelin basic protein-specific transgenic mice from spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Olivares-Villagomez D, Wang Y, Lafaille JJ (1998) Regulatory CD4(+) T cells expressing endogenous T cell receptor chains protect myelin basic protein-specific transgenic mice from spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med 188:1883-1894.
    • (1998) J Exp Med , vol.188 , pp. 1883-1894
    • Olivares-Villagomez, D.1    Wang, Y.2    Lafaille, J.J.3
  • 44
    • 0026742832 scopus 로고
    • Facial nerve transection causes expansion of myelin autoreactive T cells in regional lymph nodes and T cell homing to the facial nucleus
    • Olsson T, Diener P, Ljungdahl A, Hojeberg B, van der Meide PH, Kristensson K (1992) Facial nerve transection causes expansion of myelin autoreactive T cells in regional lymph nodes and T cell homing to the facial nucleus. J Autoimmun 13:117-126.
    • (1992) J Autoimmun , vol.13 , pp. 117-126
    • Olsson, T.1    Diener, P.2    Ljungdahl, A.3    Hojeberg, B.4    Van Der Meide, P.H.5    Kristensson, K.6
  • 45
    • 0027265568 scopus 로고
    • Autoreactive T and B cell responses to myelin antigens after diagnostic sural nerve biopsy
    • Olsson T, Sun JB, Solders G, Xiao BG, Hojeberg B, Ekre HP, Link H (1993) Autoreactive T and B cell responses to myelin antigens after diagnostic sural nerve biopsy. J Neurol Sci 117:130-139.
    • (1993) J Neurol Sci , vol.117 , pp. 130-139
    • Olsson, T.1    Sun, J.B.2    Solders, G.3    Xiao, B.G.4    Hojeberg, B.5    Ekre, H.P.6    Link, H.7
  • 46
    • 0026345102 scopus 로고
    • Air righting without the cervical righting reflex in adult rats
    • Pellis SM, Pellis VC, Teitelbaum P (1991) Air righting without the cervical righting reflex in adult rats. Behav Brain Res 45:185-188.
    • (1991) Behav Brain Res , vol.45 , pp. 185-188
    • Pellis, S.M.1    Pellis, V.C.2    Teitelbaum, P.3
  • 47
    • 0029739941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concept of autoimmunity following spinal cord injury: Possible roles for T lymphocytes in the traumatized central nervous system
    • Popovich PG, Stokes BT, Whitacre CC (1996) Concept of autoimmunity following spinal cord injury: possible roles for T lymphocytes in the traumatized central nervous system. J Neurosci Res 45:349-363.
    • (1996) J Neurosci Res , vol.45 , pp. 349-363
    • Popovich, P.G.1    Stokes, B.T.2    Whitacre, C.C.3
  • 48
    • 0031013236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellular inflammatory response after spinal cord injury in Sprague-Dawley and Lewis rats
    • Popovich PG, Wei P, Stokes BT (1997) The cellular inflammatory response after spinal cord injury in Sprague-Dawley and Lewis rats. J Comp Neurol 377:443-464.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.377 , pp. 443-464
    • Popovich, P.G.1    Wei, P.2    Stokes, B.T.3
  • 49
    • 0034844564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in immune cell phenotype and function after experimental spinal cord injury
    • Popovich PG, Stuckman S, Gienapp IE, Whitacre CC (2001) Alterations in immune cell phenotype and function after experimental spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 18:957-966.
    • (2001) J Neurotrauma , vol.18 , pp. 957-966
    • Popovich, P.G.1    Stuckman, S.2    Gienapp, I.E.3    Whitacre, C.C.4
  • 50
    • 0028305139 scopus 로고
    • The role of trauma in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: A review
    • Poser CM (1994) The role of trauma in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 96:103-110.
    • (1994) Clin Neurol Neurosurg , vol.96 , pp. 103-110
    • Poser, C.M.1
  • 51
    • 0033791427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of Th1/Th2 polarization
    • Rengarajan J, Szabo SJ, Glimcher LH (2000) Transcriptional regulation of Th1/Th2 polarization. Immunol Today 21:479-483.
    • (2000) Immunol Today , vol.21 , pp. 479-483
    • Rengarajan, J.1    Szabo, S.J.2    Glimcher, L.H.3
  • 52
    • 0031568919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product differentiation by analysis of DNA melting curves during the polymerase chain reaction
    • Ririe KM, Rasmussen RP, Wittwer CT (1997) Product differentiation by analysis of DNA melting curves during the polymerase chain reaction. Anal Biochem 245:154-160.
    • (1997) Anal Biochem , vol.245 , pp. 154-160
    • Ririe, K.M.1    Rasmussen, R.P.2    Wittwer, C.T.3
  • 53
    • 0032821690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute inflammatory responses to mechanical lesions in the CNS: Differences between brain and spinal cord
    • Schnell L, Fearn S, Klassen H, Schwab ME, Perry VH (1999a) Acute inflammatory responses to mechanical lesions in the CNS: differences between brain and spinal cord. Eur J Neurosci 11:3648-3658.
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3648-3658
    • Schnell, L.1    Fearn, S.2    Klassen, H.3    Schwab, M.E.4    Perry, V.H.5
  • 55
    • 0025754376 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor facilitates regeneration of injured central nervous system axons
    • Schwartz M, Solomon A, Lavie V, Ben-Bassat S, Belkin M, Cohen A (1991) Tumor necrosis factor facilitates regeneration of injured central nervous system axons. Brain Res 545:334-338.
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.545 , pp. 334-338
    • Schwartz, M.1    Solomon, A.2    Lavie, V.3    Ben-Bassat, S.4    Belkin, M.5    Cohen, A.6
  • 56
    • 0032706594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The remedy may lie in ourselves: Prospects for immune cell therapy in central nervous system protection and repair
    • Schwartz M, Cohen I, Lazarov-Spiegler O, Moalem G, Yoles E (1999a) The remedy may lie in ourselves: prospects for immune cell therapy in central nervous system protection and repair. J Mol Med 77:713-717.
    • (1999) J Mol Med , vol.77 , pp. 713-717
    • Schwartz, M.1    Cohen, I.2    Lazarov-Spiegler, O.3    Moalem, G.4    Yoles, E.5
  • 57
    • 0033168727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate and adaptive immune responses can be beneficial for CNS repair
    • Schwartz M, Moalem G, Leibowitz-Amit R, Cohen IR (1999b) Innate and adaptive immune responses can be beneficial for CNS repair. Trends Neurosci 22:295-299.
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 295-299
    • Schwartz, M.1    Moalem, G.2    Leibowitz-Amit, R.3    Cohen, I.R.4
  • 58
    • 0029906438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis of T cells and macrophages in the central nervous system of intact and adrenalectomized Lewis rats during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Smith T, Schmied M, Hewson AK, Lassmann H, Cuzner ML (1996) Apoptosis of T cells and macrophages in the central nervous system of intact and adrenalectomized Lewis rats during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Autoimmun 9:167-174.
    • (1996) J Autoimmun , vol.9 , pp. 167-174
    • Smith, T.1    Schmied, M.2    Hewson, A.K.3    Lassmann, H.4    Cuzner, M.L.5
  • 59
    • 0029965137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A few autoreactive cells in an autoimmune infiltrate control a vast population of nonspecific cells: A tale of smart bombs and the infantry
    • Steinman L (1996) A few autoreactive cells in an autoimmune infiltrate control a vast population of nonspecific cells: a tale of smart bombs and the infantry. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:2253-2256.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 2253-2256
    • Steinman, L.1
  • 60
    • 0031815256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine mRNA profiles in contused spinal cord and axotomized facial nucleus suggest a beneficial role for inflammation and gliosis
    • Streit WJ, Semple-Rowland SL, Hurley SD, Miller RC, Popovich PG, Stokes BT (1998) Cytokine mRNA profiles in contused spinal cord and axotomized facial nucleus suggest a beneficial role for inflammation and gliosis. Exp Neurol 152:74-87.
    • (1998) Exp Neurol , vol.152 , pp. 74-87
    • Streit, W.J.1    Semple-Rowland, S.L.2    Hurley, S.D.3    Miller, R.C.4    Popovich, P.G.5    Stokes, B.T.6
  • 61
    • 0032538820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD4(+) T cells prevent spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in anti-myetin basic protein T cell receptor transgenic mice
    • Van de Keere F, Tonegawa S (1998) CD4(+) T cells prevent spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in anti-myetin basic protein T cell receptor transgenic mice. J Exp Med 188:1875-1882.
    • (1998) J Exp Med , vol.188 , pp. 1875-1882
    • Van De Keere, F.1    Tonegawa, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.