Photoemission study of the solid-state interdiffusion in hybrid Fe/ZnSe/GaAs(001) heterostructures

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 90, Issue 12, 2001, Pages 5973-5978

  Mosca, D H ^a   Abbate, M ^a   Schreiner, W H ^a   Etgens, V H ^b   Eddrief, M ^b  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035894020     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1416142     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. G. A. Prinz, Phys. Today 48, 58 (1995);
2. P. D. Ye, D. Weiss, R. R. Gerhardts, and H. Nickel, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 5444 (1997);
3. H. Ohno, Science 281, 951 (1998).
4. S. Gardelis, C. G. Smith, C. H. W. Barnes, E. H. Linfield, and D. A. Rtichie, Phys. Rev. B 60, 7764 (1999).
5. R. Fiederling, M. Keim, G. Reuscher, W. Ossau, G. Schmidt, A. Waag, and L. W. Molenkamp, Nature (London) 402, 787 (1999).
6. B. E. Kane, Nature (London) 393, 133 (1998).
7. D. Di Vicenzo, Science 270, 255 (1995);
8. N. A. Gershenfeld and I. L. Chuang, 275, 350 (1997);
9. D. D. Awshalom and N. Samarth, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200, 130 (1999), and references therein.
10. E. G. Michel, Appl. Surf. Sci. 117/118, 294 (1997);
11. Y. T. Cheng, Y. L. Chen, W. J. Meng, and Y. Li, Phys. Rev. B 48, 14729 (1993);
12. F. J. A. den Broeder and J. Kohlhelpp, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3026 (1995), and references therein.
13. G. A. Prinz and J. J. Krebs, Appl. Phys. Lett. 39, 397 (1981);
14. A. Filipe, A. Schuhl, and P. Galtier, 70, 129 (1997);
15. B. Lépine, S. Ababou, A. Guivarc'h, G. Jézéquel, S. Députier, R. Guérin, A. Filipi, A. Schuhl, F. Abel, C. Cohen, A. Rocher, and J. Crestou, J. Appl. Phys. 83, 3077 (1998);
16. E. M. Kneedler, B. T. Jonker, P. M. Thibado, R. J. Wagner, B. V. Shanabrook, and L. J. Whitman, Phys. Rev. B 56, 8163 (1997);
17. Y. B. Xu, E. T. M. Kernohan, D. J. Freeland, A. Ercole, M. Tselepi, and J. A. C. Bland, 58, 890 (1998).
18. M. Oestreich, J. Hübner, D. Hägele, P. J. Klar, W. Heimbrodt, W. W. Rhüle, D. E. Ashenford, and B. Lunn, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1251 (1999).
19. P. R. Hammar, B. R. Bennett, M. J. Yang, and M. Johnson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 203 (1999);
20. S. Gardelis, C. G. Smith, C. H. W. Barnes, E. H. Linfield, and D. A. Ritchie, Phys. Rev. B 60, 7764 (1999);
21. also, see F. G. Monzon and M. L. Roukes, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 198-199, 632 (1999).
22. S. Haneda, H. Munekata, Y. Takatani, and S. Koshihara, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 6445 (2000).
23. Y. Ohno, D. K. Young, B. Beschoten, F. Matsukura, H, Ohno, and D. D. Awschalom, Nature (London) 402, 790 (1999);
24. M. Oestreich, J. Hübner, D. Hägele, P. J. Klar, W. Heimbrodt, W. W. Rühle, D. E. Ashenford, and B. Lunn, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1251 (1999);
25. D. Hägele, M. Oestreich, W. W. Rühle, N. Nestle, and K. Ebert, 73, 1580 (1998).
26. Y.-D. Kim, S. L. Cooper, M. V. Klein, and B. T. Jonker, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2387 (1993);
27. G. A. Prinz, B. T. Jonker, J. J. Krebs, J. M. Ferrari, and F. Kovanic, 48, 1756 (1986);
28. B. T. Jonker, J. J. Krebs, G. A. Prinz, and S. B. Qadri, J. Cryst. Growth 81, 524 (1987);
29. J. J. Krebs, B. T. Jonker, and G. A. Prinz, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 3744 (1987);
30. B. T. Jonker, J. J. Krebs, and G. A. Prinz, 69, 2938 (1991);
31. B. T. Jonker, G. A. Prinz, and Y. U. Idzerda, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 9, 2437 (1991);
32. H. Abad, B. T. Jonker, C. M. Cotell, and J. J. Krebs, 13, 716 (1995).
33. M. Kikkawa, I. P. Smorchkova, N. Samarth, and D. D. Awschalom, Science 277, 1284 (1997);
34. D. D. Awschalom and N. Samarth, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200, 130 (1999).
35. E. De Jonge, P. K. de Boer, and R. A. de Groot, Phys. Rev. B 60, 5529 (1999);
36. J. M. MacLaren, X. G. Zhang, W. H. Butler, and X. Wang, 59, 5470 (1999);
37. J. M. MacLaren, W. H. Butler, and X. G. Zhang, J. Appl. Phys. 83, 6521 (1999).
38. E. Reiger, E. Reinwald, G. Garreau, M. Ernst, M. Zölfl, E. Bensch, S. Bauer, H. Preis, and G. Bayreuther, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 5923 (2000).
39. D. H. Mosca, J. M. George, J. L. Maurice, A. Fert, M. Eddrief, and V. H. Etgens, Rev. Metall. SF2M-JA99, 169 (1999);
40. to appear in J. Magn. Magn. Mater. (to be published);
41. D. H. Mosca, J. M. George, J. L. Maurice, A. Fert, M. Eddrief, and V. H. Etgens, Europhys. Lett. (submitted).
42. In a previous study, Jonker et al. (Ref. 18) report on a significant reduction of the about 24% of the Fe magnetic moment in comparison to the bulk value in epitaxial Fe films grown on ZnSe(001) at 170°C, which is ascribed to some intermixing at the Fe/ZnSe interface. Superconducting quantum interference device measurements and magnetic dichroism experiments recently performed in the ESRF at Grenoble do not reveal any loss of Fe magnetization even upon temperatures to 200°C.
43. B. T. Jonker, G. A. Prinz, and Y. U. Idzerda, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 9, 2437 (1991).
44. L. Carbonell, V. H. Etgens, A. Koebel, M. Eddrief, and B. Capelle, J. Cryst. Growth 201/202, 502 (1999).
45. Q. Xue, T. Hashizume, J. M. Zhou, T. Sakata, T. Ohno, and T. Sakurai, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3177 (1995).
46. S. Tomiya, R. Minatoya, H. Tsukamoto, S. Itoh, K. Nakano, E. Morita, and A. Ishibashi, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 2938 (1997).
47. Detailed XPS measurements suggested that the asymmetry in the Fe 2p and Fe 3s core line shapes is due to the exchange interactions between core and valence electrons (main asymmetric-line peak) and an atomic multiplet structure (small satellite peak);
48. see, for example, J. F. van Acker, Z. M. Stadnik, J. C. Fuggle, H. J. W. M. Hoekstra, K. H. J. Buschow, and G. Stroink, Phys. Rev. B 37, 6827 (1988);
49. S. Hong, P. Wetzel, G. Gewinner, D. Bolmont, and C. Pirri, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 5404 (1995).
50. In situ XPS experiments performed in the LMCP at Paris under the same overall energy resolution with a 40-Å-thickness Fe epilayer grown onto ZnSe at 170°C and submitted to annealing up to 380°C corroborate this assumption.
51. I. M. Dharmadasa, C. J. Blomfield, G. E. Gregory, B. C. Cavenett, K. A. Prior, and J. Simpson, Surf. Interface Anal. 21, 718 (1994).
52. T. B. Massalski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams (American Society for Metals, New York, 1986).
53. W. Chen, A. Kahn, P. Soukiassian, P. S. Mangat, J. Gaines, C. Ponzoni, and D. Olego, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 12, 2639 (1994);
54. W. Chen, A. Khan, P. Soukiassian, and P.S. Mangat, 49, 10790 (1994).
55. C. Bourgognon, S. Tatarenko, J. Cibert, L. Carbonell, V. H. Etgens, M. Eddrief, B. Gilles, A. Marty, and Y. Samson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1455 (2000).
56. L. H. Kuo, K. Kimura, T. Yamasuda, S. Miwa, C. G. Jin, K. Tanaka, and T. Yao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2413 (1996);
57. S. Miwa, K. Kimura, L. H. Kuo, T. Yasuda, and T. Yao, Appl. Surf. Sci. 117/118, 472 (1997);
58. S. Ahsan, A. Kahn, and M. D. Pashley, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 2178 (1997).
59. T. Scimeca, Y. Watanabe, F. Maeda, R. R. Berrigan, and M. Oshima, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 1667 (1993);
60. T. Scimeca et al. Phys. Rev. B 46, 10201 (1992).
61. A. Taike, M. Kawata, T. Kika,wa, M. Momose, J. Gotoh, and S. Nakatsuka, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6165 (1997);
62. D. Li, Y. Nakamura, N. Otsuka, J. Qiu, M. Kobayashi, and R. L. Gunshor, Surf. Sci. 267, 181 (1992).
63. P. S. Xu, C. G. Zhu, F. P. Zhang, F. Q. Xu, E. D. Lu, H. B. Pan, and X. Y. Zhang, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 101-103, 507 (1999);
64. B. Lepine et al. J. Cryst. Growth 201, 702 (1999);
65. B. Lepine et al. J. Appl. Phys. 83, 3077 (1998);
66. C. Lallaison et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 123-124, 319 (1998).