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This matrix is often called the "reduced density matrix" in the NMR literature [see, for example, (15)]. However, we shall not use that terminology here because it may be confused with a different meaning of the same term in quantum-information theory, where it refers to the density operator obtained by a partial trace over a subsystem.
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1842284583
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Details of the pulse sequence are available at http:// physics.www.media.mit.edu/projects/spins/spins. html which introduces spin computing and is linked to http://physics.www.media.mit.edu/projects/spins/ pulses/pulses.html.
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Supported by the MIT Media Lab's Things That Think consortium. I.L.C. acknowledges financial support by the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation. We are grateful for the hospitality of the Institute for Theoretical Physics (NSF grant PHY94-07194), and the Institute for Scientific Interchange (with support from ElsagBailey). Many people have contributed to the coherent evolution of these ideas, including S. Lloyd, D. P. DiVincenzo, P. W. Shor, C. Bennett, J. Smith, J. Jacobson, T. Toffoli, N. Margolus, and W. H. Zurek.
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